WO2011139089A2 - Energy-saving natural downflow type of clean-water and sewage/wastewater treatment device - Google Patents

Energy-saving natural downflow type of clean-water and sewage/wastewater treatment device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011139089A2
WO2011139089A2 PCT/KR2011/003336 KR2011003336W WO2011139089A2 WO 2011139089 A2 WO2011139089 A2 WO 2011139089A2 KR 2011003336 W KR2011003336 W KR 2011003336W WO 2011139089 A2 WO2011139089 A2 WO 2011139089A2
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Prior art keywords
water
module
mixing
type
floc
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PCT/KR2011/003336
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
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WO2011139089A9 (en
WO2011139089A3 (en
Inventor
김상진
왕창근
Original Assignee
주식회사 두합 크린텍
충남대 산학협력단
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Priority claimed from KR1020100042262A external-priority patent/KR100990196B1/en
Priority claimed from KR1020100051520A external-priority patent/KR100988474B1/en
Priority claimed from KR1020100058767A external-priority patent/KR100989889B1/en
Application filed by 주식회사 두합 크린텍, 충남대 산학협력단 filed Critical 주식회사 두합 크린텍
Publication of WO2011139089A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011139089A2/en
Publication of WO2011139089A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011139089A3/en
Publication of WO2011139089A9 publication Critical patent/WO2011139089A9/en

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C02F1/004Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance using large scale industrial sized filters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D21/00Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/0012Settling tanks making use of filters, e.g. by floating layers of particulate material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D21/00Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/0039Settling tanks provided with contact surfaces, e.g. baffles, particles
    • B01D21/0045Plurality of essentially parallel plates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D21/00Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/02Settling tanks with single outlets for the separated liquid
    • B01D21/08Settling tanks with single outlets for the separated liquid provided with flocculating compartments
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D21/00Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/28Mechanical auxiliary equipment for acceleration of sedimentation, e.g. by vibrators or the like
    • B01D21/286Means for gentle agitation for enhancing flocculation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5281Installations for water purification using chemical agents
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/152Water filtration

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rapid mixing equipment (Flocculation basin), hybrid filter (Hybrid filter) for water and wastewater treatment.
  • Flocculation basin Flocculation basin
  • hybrid filter Hybrid filter
  • a coagulant is added to the admixture, and the coagulant and the water to be treated are quickly mixed under natural conditions.
  • flocculation papers the floc formed in the mixing process or the fine flocs are effectively collided under natural flow to form large flocs that are easy to settle.
  • hybrid filter papers the floc formed by precipitation and filtration is removed. Achieve the treated water quality.
  • Mixing device of the present invention is composed of a water level control rectification wall, a cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module, an orifice type rectification wall, a rain type mixing module, the cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module is a flocculation chemical storage tank and flocculation chemical injection
  • the cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module is a flocculation chemical storage tank and flocculation chemical injection
  • the orifice-type rectifying wall allows passage of the injected cohesive chemicals and the water to be intensively entered into the subsequent wet type mixing module.
  • the wet type mixing module performs a function to effectively cause collision of water flow, vortex and turbulence, and rapid stirring.
  • a floc forming system In the floc forming region, a floc forming system is constructed by selectively combining a filtration floc forming module, a vortex agitating floc forming module, an upward laminar floc forming module, and a mechanical stirring floc forming module, and the number of objects to be treated is a floc forming system.
  • the floc When passing through, the floc is formed by collision of the fine particles according to the characteristic flocculation mechanism of each floc forming module.
  • Hybrid filter enables high efficiency sedimentation and filtration and UV disinfection function. Also, it is possible to secure washing water in filter paper, wash filter media, sludge washing and discharge of sedimentation basin, and start waterproofing. It is characterized by.
  • the conventional water treatment process for supplying tap water includes rapid mixing, floculation, sedimentation, and filtration. Since microorganisms, dissolved organic and inorganic substances, colloidal microparticles, etc. present in raw water are not easily precipitated by gravity, flocculation is performed to flocculate the microparticles, and this floc is gravity precipitated or dissolved air flotation.
  • the water treatment is carried out to reduce the burden of subsequent filter paper, and then filter out residual microfloc or particulate material to meet the turbidity criteria for the application.
  • suspended solids In the sewage treatment process, suspended solids (SS) are first precipitated to facilitate subsequent biological treatment or finally to precipitate high concentrations of microbial flocs after biological treatment.
  • SS suspended solids
  • a coagulant is administered as in the standard water purification process to form dissolved phosphorus into a precipitate, and then precipitate or remove filtration.
  • biologically treated wastewater effluent is additionally filtered or aggregated, precipitated, and filtered to achieve the target water quality. Therefore, rapid mixing, floculation, sedimentation and filtration are important processes for both water treatment and sewage treatment, and various mixing, flocculation, precipitation, and filtration techniques have been developed.
  • colloidal microparticles have a negative charge on the surface, and cations are distributed around the particles to form an electrical double layer, and no floc is formed due to electrical repulsion when the particles collide with each other. Coagulation is injected to destabilize the electrical stability of these colloids or to coalesce with a plurality of electrically neutral precipitates to form a flop.
  • flocculants used for water treatment such as aluminum and iron salts
  • precipitates such as aluminum hydroxide or iron hydroxide are formed and perform a flocculation function. It is very important to be able to achieve rapid mixing with the water to be treated. If the flocculant is added immediately after mixing, that is, it is not evenly distributed throughout the treated water, the flocculation efficiency decreases.
  • the flocculant injection point and method, the type of flow of treated water, and the structure of the rapid admixture are the key factors in the design of the blend.
  • Rapid mixing methods include mechanical, water flow, and pump diffusion methods.
  • Mechanical mixing is the most commonly used mixing method in water treatment.
  • One or more mechanical mixing devices are installed in a tank or waterway.
  • the general design standard is agitation strength 300sec-1 (G value), mixing time is 10-30 seconds, power consumption is 2.24 ⁇ 2.64hp per 10,000m3 / d.
  • G value agitation strength 300sec-1
  • mixing time 10-30 seconds
  • power consumption is 2.24 ⁇ 2.64hp per 10,000m3 / d.
  • Mechanical rapid mixing is difficult to instantaneous mixing, short circuit (short circuit) occurs a lot, the mixing time is too long for the metal salt coagulant, energy consumption, as well as the failure of the rotation shaft and the gear drive often has the disadvantage.
  • the pump diffusion mixing method a predetermined amount of water and a flocculant are sprayed by using a pump and a nozzle, and mixed with the water to be treated by bumping against a baffle plate.
  • the diffusion range by the nozzle is limited, making it difficult to use in a large pipe or a large channel.
  • a pipe lattice diffusion method having multiple injection nozzles or injection nozzles is adopted, but the structure becomes very complicated. There is a drawback to dilution in pressurized water before flocculant injection.
  • the point of injecting the coagulant is structurally limited to one point or at least, and even concentration injection is not possible considering the flow rate distribution according to the position in the channel when the coagulant is injected.
  • the mixing efficiency is reduced by stirring a large amount of flow rate at once.
  • the main design factors for floculation basins that employ mechanical agitation are agitation strength and floc formation time.
  • the floculation time is usually 20 to 40 minutes, and the rotational peripheral speed of floculators such as paddles is 15 to 80 cm / sec, and the average stirring strength (G value) in the floc forming paper is 10 to It is in the range of 100 sec-1, and is usually designed and operated in a manner of dividing into 3-4 stages and gradually decreasing it downstream.
  • the first stage of the floc forming paper that is, the inlet, strong stirring is performed in order to increase the collision efficiency of the fine particles, and gentle stirring is performed in the third or fourth stage to prevent destruction of the flocs formed.
  • the average flow rate is 15 – 30 cm / sec.
  • the main design elements of gravity settling basins are the settling velocity of the floc to be settled and the settling distance from the settler, ie depth and residence time.
  • the concept of surface loading or overflow rate considering the sedimentation speed and sedimentation distance is applied.
  • the sedimentation basin may be a circular sedimentation basin, a cross flow sedimentation basin, a slope plate or an inclined tube sedimentation basin. Double cross-flow sedimentation basins and sloped sedimentation basins are directly connected to floc forming basins and are widely used for water treatment, and circular sedimentation basins are widely used in sewage treatment facilities.
  • the treated water flows into the central part of the sedimentation basin and flows outward, so the floc is broken during the transfer of the floc formed water to the center of the sedimentation basin after the flocculant required for water treatment. Because.
  • both of these precipitation methods can improve the settling efficiency by minimizing the settling distance of the flocs.
  • the effective depth of the transverse sedimentation basin in the standard water purification process is 3-4m, the residence time is 2-4 hours, and the sludge deposition depth is 30cm or more. This means that flocs can be removed by sinking up to 3 to 4 m until they have flowed into the settling basin and then out. Therefore, it is common process flow that slow settling flocs are unremoved, overflowed and subsequently removed from filter paper installed as a separate structure.
  • the sludge deposited on the bottom of the circular sedimentation or crossflow sedimentation basin is scraped in the direction of the inlet of the sedimentation basin by using various types of sludge collectors, and is discharged intermittently to the outside of the sedimentation basin using a sludge pump.
  • Types of sludge collector include traveling bridge type, chain flight type, underwater cart type, pneumatic type, conveyor type, rotary type, and peripheral driving type.
  • Inclined devices and inclined tube settler are intended to improve the sediment removal efficiency by significantly shortening the settling distance of the cross-flow sedimentation basin and increasing the settling area.
  • Inclined plate sedimentation basin can be installed in multiple stages, surface load ratio 4 ⁇ 9mm / min, inclined plate inclination angle 60 ⁇ , average flow velocity in sedimentation basin is 0.6m / min or less, inclined plate spacing 100mm or more, dwell time in sloped plate is 100 In the case of mm, it is about 20 to 40 minutes.
  • Inclined pipe sedimentation basin has an inclination angle of 60 ⁇ and an average ascent flow velocity in the sedimentation basin is 80 mm / min or less.
  • the sludge accumulated in the inclined plate or inclined tube is designed to be discharged downward by automatically sliding down by gravity using the 60 ⁇ angle of the inclined plate, and the space between the bottom of the inclined plate and the bottom of the settling basin is 1.5 m or more. It is used for sludge deposition, sludge collection facilities and sedimentation maintenance and repair. During the operation of the sedimentation basin, a barrier between the slope settling device and the floor is blocked by a storage wall to prevent short circuit and install a door for human access.
  • Granular filter media such as sand, anthracite coal, and granular activated carbon are mainly used in the rapid filter paper in the standard water purification process, and the rapid filter paper has a thickness of 60 ⁇ 70cm depending on the composition of the filter layer.
  • the lower collecting device is installed to support the filter medium and distribute water and air evenly to the whole filter paper when washing.
  • the lower collecting device is a porous block type, strainer type, perforated pipe type, Perforated plate type, wheeler type and the like.
  • the cleaning of the media is usually a combination of surface and backwashing, with air cleaning as necessary.
  • a large part of the flocs are removed intensively from the top of the media layer, especially since many flocs accumulate on the top surface of the media layer in the inflow section, using the surface cleaner mounted on the driving device above the media layer. And discharge these flocs with backwash water.
  • Backwashing passes the washing water at a flow rate of 5 to 10 times the filtration rate in the opposite direction to the flow of water through which the filtration flows. It is a process discharged with backwash water.
  • the backwashing time depends on the backwashing method and the presence or absence of air washing, but the washing time with water is about 10 minutes.
  • the amount of water required for backwashing varies, but filtered water is used for approximately one hour per day.
  • UV disinfection facilities for the disinfection of drinking water and sewage water are usually designed separately for disinfection water passages in which UV lamp modules are installed.
  • Sterilization equipment is installed in the reactor of stainless steel or waterway of reinforced concrete structure. UV irradiation time is about 4 ⁇ 14 seconds for low pressure lamps, about 1 second in the case of medium pressure lamps, the longer the contact time is advantageous to ensure the safety of disinfection.
  • the sedimentation efficiency can be improved while significantly reducing the size of the cross-flow sedimentation basin or inclined plate sedimentation basin, and washing and discharging the cross-flow sedimentation basin and inclined plate sedimentation basin with minimal washing water without installing a structurally complex sludge collector.
  • the filter media structure and washing water can be increased from tens to hundreds of times of filtration speed and the washing time can be reduced from several seconds to several tens of seconds. It is possible to easily use the treated water from the filter paper itself as washing water, and at the same time, it is easy to discharge the washed water immediately to the outside of the filter paper, and to easily perform the filter to waste function to discharge the initial filtered water after washing the filter.
  • the structure of the filter paper is needed.
  • the present invention is capable of injecting the coagulant at various points of the flowing water body, and the rectifying wall for controlling the water level, which can effectively generate the high velocity and collision of the water body, the vortex and the turbulence, and the cartridge type coagulation Chemical injection module, orifice type rectifying wall, and wet mixing module were devised.
  • the rectifying wall for water level control is installed for the purpose of controlling the level of water passing through the admixture for the change of flow rate and adjusting the flow rate and the stirring strength.
  • the cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module installs a flocculation chemical injection pipe horizontally or vertically with respect to the mixing channel and forms a plurality of holes or nozzles at a specific point of the pipe to perform an outlet function to move the flocculant to the water to be treated. By doing so, multi-point coagulant injection is performed.
  • An orifice rectifying wall is provided in the flow direction with respect to the hole or the nozzle in the forward or backward direction or in the same line, so that the treated object injected with the flocculant passes only through the open part of the orifice at a very high flow rate, as can be seen from the principle of the orifice. do.
  • the treated water and the flocculant that passed through the orifice opening part hit the unit type hybridization module designed to generate effective turbulence, and the first rapid mixing occurs, and the unit type hybridization module passes through the unit type mixing module formed in multiple stages. Allow the mix to complete in the process.
  • the present invention constructs a floc forming system by selectively combining a filtration floc forming module, a vortex agitating floc forming module, an upward laminar floc forming module, and a mechanical stirring floc forming module.
  • the floc is formed according to the characteristic floculation mechanism of each floc forming module so that the floc is formed and the required floe size can be achieved.
  • flocking has the advantage of repeating attachment and desorption of fine particles to the media, detention and release from the media pores.
  • the size of floc that can be produced is small.
  • the size of the generated floc is slightly larger, but the attachment and desorption function is reduced, so the choice of media and the thickness of the media layer are important factors.
  • the specially designed flow type stirring floc forming module it is possible to generate a change in flow velocity, vortex and agitation strength in a minimum space, thereby dramatically increasing the frequency of collision between particles and flocs.
  • the filter paper was divided into the media layer, the media layer lower space, and the media layer upper space.
  • the lower space of the filter bed is responsible for supplying the water to be treated, the settling function, the sedimentation basin washing function, the washing water and the sludge discharge function, and the filter bed is capable of performing the upflow filtration while maximizing the flow rate of the downflow while using various media. It was set as the structure which could be.
  • the treatment water is stored and discharged, securing the treated water as washing water, providing water pressure and washing flow rate during washing, starting waterproofing, securing UV disinfection time according to the residence time of the upper space, washing water quantity and UV disinfection time.
  • the selection of the heights of the treated water outlets allows for a complex function.
  • the filter paper of the present invention is a structure capable of simultaneously washing and discharging the sedimentation basin using the washing water of the filter media layer, the sludge collector (sludge collector) and the sludge discharge pump, surface cleaning, including the surface cleaning, which is necessary in the prior art sedimentation basin The drive facility was unnecessary.
  • the treatment water supply position and the washing water and sludge discharge positions are arranged in the same space.
  • Filter to waste valve was installed to facilitate filter to waste.
  • the media such as filter sponge or sponge can be placed in the filter paper by simple supporting structure with almost no head loss by using the media block.
  • the granular media can be placed on the media such as filter media with thin thickness filter sponge. It was made to structure.
  • filter paper In addition, filtration, sedimentation, and UV disinfection are possible within a single structure (filter paper), which significantly reduces land area and overall size of water and wastewater treatment facilities compared to the existing technology, and treats and washes stored in the upper space of the filter paper. This eliminates the need for a separate wash water supply system from the outside, reducing facility requirements and allowing easy installation of ultraviolet lamps in this space.
  • the filter media can be drained downward in a few seconds to several tens of seconds. It is possible to achieve the effect of effectively cleaning and discharging the sludge detained or deposited in the sedimentation basin and facilitating starting waterproofing.
  • FIG. 1 is a process diagram of a wastewater and sewage treatment apparatus having a structure that saves energy by mixing, flocculation paper, and hybrid filter paper of the present invention, and mixing, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration are performed in a natural flow type.
  • FIG 2 is an exemplary view of the mixing device consisting of a mixing channel, cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module, orifice rectifying wall, the flow mixing module of the present invention (top view, flocculation chemical injection oil pipe is installed vertically, rain Eating module is composed of three stages)
  • FIG 3 is an exemplary view of a mixing device composed of a mixing channel, cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module, orifice type rectifying wall, the storm mixing module of the present invention (vertical cross-sectional view, flocculation chemical injection hole pipe is installed vertically,
  • the wet food mixing module consists of three stages
  • Figure 4 is an exemplary view showing the shape of the orifice rectifying wall and unit flow type mixing module and the flow of water to be treated.
  • FIG. 5 is a floc forming paper in which a filtration floc forming module, a stirrer floc forming module, an upward laminar floc forming module, and a mechanical stirring floc forming module (vertical shaft, paddle flat) are arranged vertically in one reactor. It is an illustration.
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of the structure of the upflow unit flow type stirring floc forming module of the present invention and the generation of vortices and stirring in the module (polyhedron).
  • FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of the structure of the upflow unit flow type stirring floc forming module of the present invention and the generation of vortices and stirring in the module (cutting pipe type).
  • FIG. 8 is an exemplary view of the floc forming paper in which the floc forming module of the present invention is disposed in two stages adjacent to each other up and down and sideways.
  • Figure 9 is an exemplary filter paper consisting of the media layer, the media layer lower space, the media layer upper space of the present invention (in the lower layer of the media layer is a cross-flow sedimentation basin and slope plate (pipe) sedimentation basin, washing water / sludge outlet after washing; media layer)
  • the treated water is stored and discharged, the water is washed before washing, the water pressure and the cleaning flow rate are provided, and the starting drain and the ultraviolet lamp are installed.
  • FIG. 10 is an exemplary view showing a lower layer of a media layer with a multi-stage horizontal plate settler of the present invention.
  • mixing channel 2 mixing channel structure
  • Filtration floc forming module (combined by filter sponge, anthracite, microfiber, etc.)
  • media layer support structure 26 unit flow type stirring floc forming module
  • suction pump 40 multi-stage horizontal plate settling basin
  • the present invention relates to a rapid mixing equipment (Flocculation basin), hybrid filter (Hybrid filter) for water and wastewater treatment.
  • Flocculation basin Flocculation basin
  • hybrid filter Hybrid filter
  • a coagulant is added to the admixture, and the coagulant and the water to be treated are quickly mixed under natural conditions.
  • floc forming paper the floc formed in the mixing process or the fine floc effectively collides under natural flow to form a large floc that is easy to settle, and in hybrid filter paper, the floc formed through precipitation and filtration is aimed at Achieve the treated water quality.
  • the mixing apparatus will be described. As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rectifying wall 17 for adjusting the water level, the cartridge type coagulant injection module 3, and the orifice type rectifying wall 8 are provided in the mixing channel 1 through which the treated water flows. , The mixing apparatus consisting of the wet type mixing module 10 is formed.
  • the water level control rectification wall 17 performs a function of adjusting the water level passing through the mixing device, and the cartridge type coagulant injection module 3 distributes and distributes the coagulant evenly to the cross section of the mixing channel 1.
  • Orifice-type rectification wall (8) causes a fast flow rate when the treated water injected with the flocculating chemicals pass and at the same time serves as a passage for the concentrated entry into the subsequent mixing type module (10), In the food mixture module 10, the collision of water flow, vortex and turbulence, and rapid stirring are effectively generated so that the injected flocculant and the treated water can be mixed within a few seconds.
  • the cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module 3 has a flocculation chemical storage tank 4 at the top and a flocculation chemical injection oil pipe 5 at the bottom, which are installed in the mixing channel structure 2 at the bottom.
  • Using the injection module insertion and fixing structure (7) is manufactured in a cartridge (Cartridge) type so that it can be inserted and detached by insertion.
  • the flocculating chemical is introduced into the flocculating chemical storage tank (4) located above the cartridge type flocculating chemical injection module (3) by a pump or a natural flow method from the flocculating chemical storage tank, and then the flocculating chemical injection pipe by gravity 5) and injected into the water to be treated through holes or nozzles 6 provided in the flocculant injection pipe 5.
  • the flocculating chemical injection pipe 5 located under the cartridge type flocculating chemical injection module 3 is installed vertically or horizontally with respect to the bottom surface of the mixing channel 1.
  • the horizontal or vertical length of the flocculation chemical injection pipe 5 is manufactured so that the entire pipe is submerged in the water to be treated at the minimum depth (LWL) and the maximum depth (HWL), so that evenly coagulating chemical injection is possible regardless of the water level fluctuation. Do it.
  • the size of the holes or nozzles 6 installed in the coagulant chemical injection hole pipe 5 may be different in size so that the coagulant may be injected at an equal concentration into the treated water flowing in the mixing channel 1. can do.
  • the flow rate of the fluid flowing through the irrigation canals or channels is different depending on the separation distance from the depth of the water or the wall, the flow rate is agglomerated according to the separation distance from the flocculation chemical storage tank 4 while considering the distribution of these flow rates for uniform concentration injection. This is determined by considering the difference in the discharge flow rate of the chemical.
  • FIG 2 and 3 illustrate a case in which the flocculation chemical injection pipe 5 of the cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module 3 is installed perpendicular to the flow direction of the water to be treated (top view).
  • the orifice-type rectifying wall 8 rapidly reduces the cross section through which the water to be treated flows at right angles, thereby increasing the flow velocity to the narrowed open portion and generating turbulence immediately upon passage. It is to use.
  • the rectifying wall having a plurality of orifice structures is positioned in the same line or front and rear of the hole of the coagulant injection hole 5 of the cartridge type coagulant injection module 3 or the nozzle 6, and the orifice is opened. By placing the part 9 and the hole or nozzle 6 on the same streamline, the first pass procedure for effective mixing of the water to be treated and the flocculating agent is completed.
  • the number of the open portions 9 of the orifice-type rectifying wall and the number of the coagulant supply pipes 5 are the same, and the width of the open portion of the orifice is determined according to the speed of the flow rate to be obtained when passing through the orifice. The narrower the opening, the faster the flow velocity, while the larger the head of loss. 2 and 3, an orifice-shaped rectifying wall 8 is installed perpendicular to the bottom of the mixing channel 1, and the open portion 9 of the orifice is formed perpendicular to the bottom of the mixing channel 1. The case (top view) is illustrated.
  • the wet type mixing module 10 includes one or more unit type type mixing modules 11, and as shown in FIG. 4, the unit type type mixing module 11 is the number of processing targets.
  • the inlet side is open (12) and the opposite side of the inlet side and the side surfaces (13, 14) has a wall-blocked structure.
  • STS stainless steel
  • the inflow portion 12 of the unit flow type mixing module 11 When the treated object injected with the coagulant drug passing through the open portion 9 of the orifice rectifying wall 8 flows into the inflow portion 12 of the unit flow type mixing module 11, the inflow portion is caused by a high flow rate inertia. Strongly hitting the opposite wall surface 13 forms a vortex and a turbulent flow and rapid stirring occurs after the flocculation chemicals and the water to be treated are mixed between the unit flow hybridization module (15) and the unit flow hybridization module of the next stage ( 11) Mixing is completed by repeating the flow.
  • the total residence time of the admixture in the present invention is preferably in the range of about 1 second to about 10 seconds.
  • the height 16 of the unit wet type mixing module 11 constituting the wet type mixing module 10 and the distance 15 between the adjacent unit type type mixing module 11 and the inside of the type of water mixing type module It is possible to control the flow velocity, the impact strength of the water flow, the degree of formation of vortices and turbulence, and the degree of rapid stirring.
  • the mixing duration, the degree of mixing and the total residence time are adjusted according to the number of stages (three stages in FIG. 2) in the flow direction of the processing target water of the unit storm type mixing module 11.
  • the flocculation chemical injection hole pipe may be connected to the flocculation chemical to be injected into the water to be treated.
  • the mixing method by the pressurized water diffusion method, the in-line fixed mixing method, the in-line mechanical mixing method, the pipe lattice mixing method, the partial plum, venturi limiter, weir, etc. as introduced in the background art
  • the mixing efficiency adopts the orifice-type rectifying wall 8 and the water-type mixing module 10 in addition to the mixing equipment adopting the water-flow mixing method. Only the wet type mixing module 10 may be additionally installed.
  • the hole or nozzle 6 provided in the flocculation chemical injection pipe 5 of the cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module 3 cannot completely exclude the possibility of clogging as in the prior flocculant injection method.
  • This is a natural phenomenon in which sediment particles adhere to the area where water is first contacted with the flocculant as it continuously passes through small holes.It is a periodic inspection and maintenance such as easy removal and removal of attached deposits without interruption of water treatment. You should be able to.
  • Most of the prior art has a weak point that this part is very weak, in order to improve this, install two cartridge type flocculant injection module (3) or add one cartridge type flocculant injection module and fixing structure (7). After installation, prepare the preliminary cartridge type coagulant injection module and attach the preliminary module before removing the cartridge type coagulant injection module (3). Is possible.
  • the flow rate of the water to be treated varies depending on various factors.
  • the water level passing through the admixture must be constant or adjustable, and it is inevitable that the flow rate and loss head of the admixture change.
  • the mechanical mixing device that can adjust the rotational speed of the paddles or impellers, it is almost impossible to control the agitation strength.
  • the mixing effect is known to be sufficient if the constant stirring strength (G value, 300 sec-1) or more, the stirring strength in the mixing apparatus is not controlled in most cases.
  • the water level control rectifying wall 17 is cartridge based on the lowest water level so that the water level passing through the mixing device in the lowest flow rate or the lowest water level (LWL), the highest flow rate or the highest water level (HWL) is constant or adjustable.
  • LWL lowest water level
  • HWL highest water level
  • the floc forming paper of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8.
  • the treated water flows from the mixing apparatus into a reactor for floc formation, or floculation basin.
  • the water to be treated may be directly introduced into the floculation basin without administering a flocculant.
  • the floc forming paper 18, which is the overall structure of the present invention, includes a filtration floc forming module 19, a wet stir floc forming module 20, and an upward laminar flow floc forming module 21. ), A mechanical stirring floc forming module 22 is selectively combined.
  • the floculation mechanism occurring in the floc forming module has different characteristics and is arranged in accordance with the principle of making the floc gradually larger.
  • the filter-type floc forming module 19 includes: filter sponge, sponge, sand, anthracite, granular activated carbon, artificial lightweight yarn, polyethylene pellets, ABS resin pellets, nonwoven fabric, fiber yarn, microfiber fabric, polyester cotton, cotton wool, Composed of one or two or more of a variety of media such as microfiber, multi-layered insect screen.
  • filter sponge, sponge, sand, anthracite granular activated carbon
  • artificial lightweight yarn polyethylene pellets, ABS resin pellets
  • nonwoven fabric fiber yarn
  • microfiber fabric polyester cotton
  • cotton wool Composed of one or two or more of a variety of media such as microfiber, multi-layered insect screen.
  • backwashing is performed when the water quality decreases due to breakthrough to wash the floc retained in the filter medium, and then perform filtration again.
  • the filtered floc forming module 19 of the present invention is performed.
  • the thickness of the media layer is sufficient to be about 5 to 20 cm, and in the case of upflow, the media having a small pore at the bottom of the filtration floc forming module 19 and the media having a relatively large pore at the top are combined.
  • the arrangement may increase the adhesion efficiency of the microparticles and at the same time allow a larger floc to be formed while passing upward through the filtered floc forming module 19.
  • the wet stir flock forming module 20 is composed of one or more unit wet stir flock forming modules 26. 6 and 7, the structure of the unit flow type stirring floc forming module 26 has a polyhedron shape in which the inflow side of the water to be treated is open and the opposite side of the inflow is blocked in a wall form, and the side surface is partially open.
  • the object to be treated serves as a passage that flows to the next unit flow type stirring floc forming module 26 or the next floc forming modules 21 and 22.
  • the treated object water entering the unit flow type stirring floc forming module 26 at a high flow rate at the inlet part first hits the wall and forms eddy currents, and agitation occurs in this process to cause collision between particles. After the floc is formed and exits through the side.
  • the floc forming is very effective.
  • the interval between the unit flow type stirring floc forming module 26 of the layer into which the treated water is first introduced is narrowed, and the height of the unit flow type stirring floc forming module 26 is small, and the gap is widened toward the next layer in the flow direction.
  • the actual flow rate, vortex formation degree, and agitation strength in the module of the water to be treated gradually become smaller toward the rear of the flow direction so that the generated floc is not broken as the flow progresses.
  • the upward laminar flow floc forming module 21 is a rising speed according to a difference in the size or density of the floc while the object to be flowed upward in a certain distance of the empty space in the floc forming region. It is based on the principle that the floc is large due to the collision caused by the difference. The settling velocity of particles or flocs is proportional to the mass, so the larger the floc, the faster the settling velocity. In the upward laminar flow floc forming module 21 of the present invention, the rising speed of a small floc is increased and the rising speed of a large floc is slow because it flows upward.
  • the mechanical stirring floc forming module 22 is connected to a vertical axis or a horizontal axis to a speed adjustable motor, and various types of agitators including paddles are configured vertically or horizontally. As the stirrer rotates, it induces agitation strength (G value) and collisions between particles form flocs.
  • G value agitation strength
  • the filtration floc forming module 19 will be described based on the floc forming mechanism. Since all the fine particles must pass through the pores in the media, the collision efficiency between the fine particles is excellent, but there is a limit to forming a very large floc due to the limitation of the pore size. Therefore, it is preferable to arrange the filtration floc forming module 19 at the first stage flowing from the mixed paper.
  • the stirrer-type floc forming module 20 can freely adjust the size, number, layers, and size of the floc to be formed. (Hybrid) can be used.
  • the upward laminar flow floc forming module 21 can contribute to floc formation if there is an empty space for maintaining the water level in the floc forming area. have.
  • Mechanical stirring floc forming module 22 is excellent in the collision efficiency between the particles but consumes a lot of energy, it is preferable to arrange the minimum number in the last step.
  • the mechanical stirring floc forming module 22 may be omitted in consideration of the sediment quality target and the flocculation characteristics.
  • the treated water can be precipitated or filtered as it is without administering a flocculant, but in this case, the precipitation or filtration efficiency is low, and the particulate matter is precipitated after rapid mixing while administering a flocculant in a rapid mixing tank.
  • Flocculation basin is used to make large flocs that are easy to sedimentation. Once flocs are formed, most of the large flocs are removed from the subsequent sedimentation basin and residual microflocs or particulate matter are filtered off from the subsequent filter, thereby reducing the target water quality for turbidity. Is achieved.
  • Sources of the treated water flowing into the apparatus of the present invention with filtration, sedimentation, and ultraviolet disinfection functions include raw water, rapid mixing tanks, floculation basin, sedimentation basin effluent, and the like. Select according to the quality of water and target water quality.
  • the filter paper 27 which is the overall structure of the present invention, is divided into a media layer 28, a media layer lower space 29, and a media layer upper space 30.
  • a multi-stage horizontal plate settler 40 which is formed by combining one or two or more of the filter media lower space 29, The floc in the water passes through the inclined plate settler 32, the inclined tube settler 32, and is removed.
  • the inclination angle of the multi-stage horizontal plate settler 31 is 0 degrees and the inclination angle of the inclined plate settler or the inclined tube settler is less than 60 degrees. Obviously, the greater the level, the better the sediment removal efficiency. In the conventional prior art, since the sludge deposited on the inclined plate slides down gravity and falls into the space below the inclined plate sedimentation basin, when the sludge is smaller than 60 °, there is no way to remove the sludge. However, since the present invention uses the principle of washing using the washing water, the inclination angle is not limited. However, the spacing of the inclined plate or the diameter of the inclined tube is 2 cm or more for the depth of sedimentation sludge and the minimization of head loss during washing.
  • the kind of the media which comprises the media layer 28 in this invention is not restrict
  • Filter sponge, sponge, sand, anthracite, granular activated carbon, artificial lightweight yarn, polyethylene pellets, ABS pellets, nonwoven fabric, fiber yarn, microfiber fabric, poly Media such as ester cotton, cotton wool, acrylic fibers, microfiber fibers, mesh (Mesh) can be stacked by combining one or two or more media to form a media layer.
  • Filter media such as filter sponges and sponges are formed by cutting the media into block shapes and placing them on a simple support structure 38 so that the media layer is formed.
  • the granular media such as sand and polyethylene pellets have a certain thickness on a thin filter sponge.
  • the filter medium layer 28 is installed horizontally with respect to the whole area of the filter paper 27. This is because, if there are empty spaces or gaps in addition to the media during filtration, short-circuit flows in which the water flow is diverted occur, resulting in deterioration of treated water quality. Filtration is performed while the treated water flowing through the sedimentation basin formed in the filter medium lower space 29 flows in an upflow manner, thereby additionally removing particulate matter or floc in the treated water to achieve the target water quality.
  • the thickness of the filter media layer 28 may vary depending on the type of filter media, the number of treatment targets, and the target water quality.
  • the residence time in the upper space 30 of the media layer of the treated water is determined according to the amount of treated water stored, and this residence time is the ultraviolet irradiation time by the ultraviolet lamp 35. Therefore, by adjusting the height of the treated water outlet 34, the amount of treated water storage, the amount of washing water secured, the water pressure and washing flow rate during washing, and the ultraviolet irradiation time for ultraviolet disinfection may be controlled. Temporarily deteriorating the water quality of the filtrate when filtration is resumed after washing the media. This is because a small amount of floc remaining in the filter media flows out at the beginning of the filtration upon washing.
  • a filter to waste valve 41 is installed between the upper portion of the filter bed and the treated water outlet 34, and when the starting water is required after washing, the starting drain 41 Opening and proceeding the filtration of the water to be treated, since the treated water is not discharged to the treated water outlet 34, but discharged to the starting drain, it is convenient to start the waterproof.
  • the start drain is closed after the start water is finished, the filtered water is automatically discharged to the treated water outlet 34.
  • the floc or floc lumps or sludges detained or deposited in the sedimentation basins 31, 32, and 40 formed in the median layer 28 and the lower layer 29 of the medial layer are periodically washed and discharged. And filtration function is restored.
  • a valve 36 or a water gate at the bottom or side of the lower layer of the median layer 29 and opening the valve or the gate at a high speed at the time of washing, the treated water stored in the upper layer of the median layer is naturally discharged by gravity.
  • the present invention has a structural feature that discharges all or part of the water in the filter paper 27 together with the sludge every time the filter paper is washed.
  • the valve 36 or the sluice When the valve 36 or the sluice is opened and closed at a high speed at the same time by using a control device at the time of the electric opening and closing, the fast cleaning flow rate is effectively achieved. For example, if a water body of several ten centimeters free falls, it can be drained within 1 second, but it is slower than the free fall speed due to head loss caused by media layers, valves, settling basins, and detained flocs. Downwash flow rates of ten to several hundred times are easily achieved. In addition, by adjusting the number, size, opening and closing degree of the electro-opening valve or the sluice to regulate the flow rate of the media layer of the wash water. The cleaning flow rate may be increased by attaching a high performance suction pump 39 to the valve 36 or the hydrologic gate.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a mixing device (rapid mixing equipment), a flocculation basin and a hybrid filter basin (hybrid filter) for wastewater treatment to obtain clean water. A coagulant is introduced into a mixing device containing waste water for treatment, to isolate colloidal fine particles, dissolved pollutants and phosphorus. The wastewater and introduced coagulant are rapidly mixed in a state of natural down-flow. In the flocculation basin, the sediment or fine floc generated in the mixing process are made to effectively collide in a state of natural down-flow and are thereby formed into a larger floc that is easy to sediment out. In the hybrid filter basin, the larger floc is removed by sedimentation and filtering, thereby achieving treated water target quality.

Description

에너지 절감형 자연유하식 상수 및 하폐수 처리장치 Energy-saving natural wastewater and sewage treatment system
본 발명은 상수 및 하폐수처리를 위한 혼화장치(Rapid mixing equipment), 플록형성지(Flocculation basin), 하이브리드 여과지(Hybrid filter)에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a rapid mixing equipment (Flocculation basin), hybrid filter (Hybrid filter) for water and wastewater treatment.
처리대상수에 함유된 콜로이드(Colloid)성 미세입자, 용존성 오염물질, 인(Phosphorus)등을 처리하기 위하여 혼화장치에 응집제(Coagulant)를 투입하여 투입된 응집제와 처리대상수가 자연유하 상태에서 빠르게 혼화되게 하고 플록형성지에서는 혼화과정에서 생성된 침전물이나 미세플록을 자연유하상태에서 효과적으로 충돌시켜 침전이 용이한 큰 플록(Floc)으로 형성시키며 하이브리드 여과지에서는 침전과 여과를 통하여 형성된 플록을 제거하므로써 목표로 하는 처리수질을 달성한다. In order to treat colloidal microparticles, dissolved contaminants, and phosphorus contained in the water to be treated, a coagulant is added to the admixture, and the coagulant and the water to be treated are quickly mixed under natural conditions. In flocculation papers, the floc formed in the mixing process or the fine flocs are effectively collided under natural flow to form large flocs that are easy to settle. In hybrid filter papers, the floc formed by precipitation and filtration is removed. Achieve the treated water quality.
본 발명의 혼화장치는 수위조절용 정류벽, 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈, 오리피스형 정류벽, 우류식혼화모듈로 구성되어 있으며, 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈은 응집용약품저류조와 응집용약품주입유공파이프가 일체화 된 구조로서 처리대상수에 균등한 응집용 약품을 주입하는 기능을 수행하고, 오리피스형 정류벽은 주입된 응집용 약품과 처리대상수가 집중적으로 후속 우류식혼화모듈로 진입하게 하는 통로 역할과 함께 통과유속을 매우 크게 증대시키는 기능을 수행하며, 우류식혼화모듈에서는 수류의 충돌, 와류 및 난류, 급속교반이 효과적으로 발생할 수 있도록 하는 기능을 수행한다. Mixing device of the present invention is composed of a water level control rectification wall, a cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module, an orifice type rectification wall, a rain type mixing module, the cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module is a flocculation chemical storage tank and flocculation chemical injection As a structure in which a hole pipe is integrated, it functions to inject cohesive chemicals uniformly into the water to be treated, and the orifice-type rectifying wall allows passage of the injected cohesive chemicals and the water to be intensively entered into the subsequent wet type mixing module. Along with its role, it performs a function to greatly increase the flow velocity, and the wet type mixing module performs a function to effectively cause collision of water flow, vortex and turbulence, and rapid stirring.
그리고 상기의 플록형성지에서는 여과식플록형성모듈, 우류식교반플록형성모듈, 상향층류식플록형성모듈, 기계식교반플록형성모듈을 선택적으로 조합하여 플록형성시스템을 구성하고, 처리대상수가 플록형성시스템을 통과할 때 각 플록형성모듈의 특징적인 플록형성기작(Flocculation mechanism)에 따라 미세입자가 충돌하여 플록이 형성된다. In the floc forming region, a floc forming system is constructed by selectively combining a filtration floc forming module, a vortex agitating floc forming module, an upward laminar floc forming module, and a mechanical stirring floc forming module, and the number of objects to be treated is a floc forming system. When passing through, the floc is formed by collision of the fine particles according to the characteristic flocculation mechanism of each floc forming module.
하이브리드 여과지(Hybrid Filter) 에서는 고효율 침전 및 여과기능과 자외선 소독기능을 함께 수행할 수 있도록 하고, 또한 여과지 내에서 세척수 확보는 물론 여재층의 세척과 침전지의 슬러지 세척 및 배출, 시동방수가 모두 이루어질 수 있도록 함을 특징으로 하고 있다. Hybrid filter enables high efficiency sedimentation and filtration and UV disinfection function. Also, it is possible to secure washing water in filter paper, wash filter media, sludge washing and discharge of sedimentation basin, and start waterproofing. It is characterized by.
일반적으로 상수도 공급을 위한 표준정수공정(Conventional water treatment process)에서는 혼화(Rapid mixing), 플록형성(Flocculation), 침전(Sedimentation), 여과(Filtration) 공정이 채택된다. 원수 중에 존재하는 미생물, 용존성 유기 및 무기물질, 콜로이드성 미세입자 등은 중력에 의해서는 쉽게 침전되지 않으므로 응집제를 투여함으로써 미세입자를 플록(Floc)화 하고, 이 플록을 중력침강 또는 용존공기 부상으로 제거하여 후속 여과지의 부담을 경감시킨 다음, 잔류 미세플록이나 입자상 물질을 여과하여 용도에 부합하는 탁도 기준을 충족할 수 있도록 수처리가 이루어진다. In general, the conventional water treatment process for supplying tap water includes rapid mixing, floculation, sedimentation, and filtration. Since microorganisms, dissolved organic and inorganic substances, colloidal microparticles, etc. present in raw water are not easily precipitated by gravity, flocculation is performed to flocculate the microparticles, and this floc is gravity precipitated or dissolved air flotation. The water treatment is carried out to reduce the burden of subsequent filter paper, and then filter out residual microfloc or particulate material to meet the turbidity criteria for the application.
하폐수 처리공정에서는 부유입자물질(Suspended solid, SS)을 일차 침전제거하여 후속 생물학적 처리를 원활하게 하거나 생물학적 처리 후의 고농도 미생물 플록을 최종적으로 침전제거 한다. 하폐수 처리수 중의 인(Phosphorus)을 초저농도까지 낮추기 위해서는 표준정수공정과 같이 응집제를 투여하여 용존성 인을 침전물로 입자화한 후 침전제거 하거나 여과를 수행한다. 또한, 하폐수 처리수의 재이용(Reuse)을 위한 고도처리공정에서는 생물학적으로 처리된 하폐수 방류수를 추가적으로 여과하거나 응집, 침전, 여과과정을 거쳐 처리목표 수질을 달성한다. 따라서, 상수처리나 하폐수처리 공히 혼화(Rapid mixing), 플록형성(Flocculation), 침전(Sedimentation)과 여과(Filtration)가 중요한 공정이며 다양한 혼화, 플록형성, 침전, 여과 기술이 개발되어 왔다. In the sewage treatment process, suspended solids (SS) are first precipitated to facilitate subsequent biological treatment or finally to precipitate high concentrations of microbial flocs after biological treatment. In order to lower the phosphorus (Phosphorus) in the sewage water to ultra low concentration, a coagulant is administered as in the standard water purification process to form dissolved phosphorus into a precipitate, and then precipitate or remove filtration. In addition, in the advanced treatment process for reuse of wastewater treatment water, biologically treated wastewater effluent is additionally filtered or aggregated, precipitated, and filtered to achieve the target water quality. Therefore, rapid mixing, floculation, sedimentation and filtration are important processes for both water treatment and sewage treatment, and various mixing, flocculation, precipitation, and filtration techniques have been developed.
대부분의 콜로이드성 미세입자는 표면이 음전하(Negative charge)를 띄고 있으며 입자 주변에 양이온이 분포함으로써 전기적 이중층(Double layer)을 형성하고 입자간 충돌 시 전기적 반발에 의해 플록(Floc)이 형성되지 않는다. 이러한 콜로이드의 전기적 안정성(Stability)을 약화(Destabilization)시키거나 전기적으로 중립인 다수의 침전물과 함께 뭉쳐서 플록을 구성(Sweep floc)하도록 하기 위하여 응집제(Coagulation)를 주입한다. Most colloidal microparticles have a negative charge on the surface, and cations are distributed around the particles to form an electrical double layer, and no floc is formed due to electrical repulsion when the particles collide with each other. Coagulation is injected to destabilize the electrical stability of these colloids or to coalesce with a plurality of electrically neutral precipitates to form a flop.
알루미늄계, 철염계 등 수처리를 위해 사용되는 대부분의 응집제의 경우, 물에 투입되었을 때 즉시(1초 이내) 수산화알루미늄이나 수산화철과 같은 침전물이 형성되면서 응집기능을 수행하므로 응집제 투입 후 가급적 빠른 시간 내에 처리대상수와 완전 혼화(Rapid mixing)시킬 수 있도록 하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 응집제 투입 즉시 완전 혼화, 즉 처리대상수 전체에 골고루 분포되지 않을 경우 응집효율이 저하된다.  In the case of most flocculants used for water treatment such as aluminum and iron salts, when it is added to water (within 1 second), precipitates such as aluminum hydroxide or iron hydroxide are formed and perform a flocculation function. It is very important to be able to achieve rapid mixing with the water to be treated. If the flocculant is added immediately after mixing, that is, it is not evenly distributed throughout the treated water, the flocculation efficiency decreases.
응집제 주입지점 및 방법, 처리대상수의 흐름형태 그리고 급속혼화장치의 구조가 혼화지 설계의 핵심요소이다. 급속혼화방식에는 기계식, 수류식, 펌프확산에 의한 방법 등이 있다. 기계식 혼화(Mechanical mixing)는 수처리 과정에서 가장 많이 사용되고 있는 혼화방식으로 탱크 또는 수로에 1대 또는 여러 대의 기계식 혼화 장치를 설치한다. 일반적인 설계기준은 교반강도 300sec-1(G값), 혼화시간은 10~30초, 소요 동력은 10,000㎥/d 당 2.24~2.64hp 이다. 기계식 급속혼화는 순간혼화가 어렵고 단락류(Short circuit)가 많이 발생하며 금속염 응집제에 대해서는 혼화시간이 너무 길며 에너지가 많이 소요됨은 물론, 회전축과 기어드라이브에 고장이 종종 발생하는 단점이 있다. The flocculant injection point and method, the type of flow of treated water, and the structure of the rapid admixture are the key factors in the design of the blend. Rapid mixing methods include mechanical, water flow, and pump diffusion methods. Mechanical mixing is the most commonly used mixing method in water treatment. One or more mechanical mixing devices are installed in a tank or waterway. The general design standard is agitation strength 300sec-1 (G value), mixing time is 10-30 seconds, power consumption is 2.24 ~ 2.64hp per 10,000㎥ / d. Mechanical rapid mixing is difficult to instantaneous mixing, short circuit (short circuit) occurs a lot, the mixing time is too long for the metal salt coagulant, energy consumption, as well as the failure of the rotation shaft and the gear drive often has the disadvantage.
가압수확산에 의한 혼화(Pump diffusion mixing) 방식에서는 일정량의 물과 응집제를 펌프와 노즐을 이용하여 분사시키고 방해판에 부딪혀 퍼지는 형태로 처리대상수와 혼합한다. 이 방식에서는 노즐에 의한 확산범위가 제한되어 대형관이나 넓은 수로에서의 사용이 어렵다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 여러 개의 주입노즐을 구비하거나 또는 분사노즐을 갖춘 파이프 격자식 확산방식을 채택하나 구조가 매우 복잡해진다. 응집제 주입 전에 가압수에 희석되는 단점이 있다. In the pump diffusion mixing method, a predetermined amount of water and a flocculant are sprayed by using a pump and a nozzle, and mixed with the water to be treated by bumping against a baffle plate. In this method, the diffusion range by the nozzle is limited, making it difficult to use in a large pipe or a large channel. In order to solve this problem, a pipe lattice diffusion method having multiple injection nozzles or injection nozzles is adopted, but the structure becomes very complicated. There is a drawback to dilution in pressurized water before flocculant injection.
상기 선행기술에서는 응집제를 주입하는 지점이 구조적으로 1점 또는 최소한으로 제한될 수밖에 없으며 응집제 주입 시 수로 내의 위치에 따른 유속분포를 고려한 균등 농도주입은 불가능한 경우가 많다. 이러한 한계조건에 따라 많은 양의 유량을 일시에 전체를 교반하게 됨으로써 혼화효율이 저하된다. In the prior art, the point of injecting the coagulant is structurally limited to one point or at least, and even concentration injection is not possible considering the flow rate distribution according to the position in the channel when the coagulant is injected. In accordance with such a limit condition, the mixing efficiency is reduced by stirring a large amount of flow rate at once.
상수처리나 하폐수 고도처리 공히 침전(Sedimentation) 효율을 극대화하기 위하여 처리대상수에 함유된 미세입자를 큰 플록(Floc)으로 형성시키는 것이 중요한다. 플록형성(Flocculation)은 미세입자 간, 미세입자와 기 형성된 플록(Floc), 플록간의 충돌에 의해 이루어진다. 충돌은 미세입자나 플록을 함유하고 있는 물을 교반함으로써 달성되며 교반하는 방법으로는 기계식 교반과 우류식 교반이 있다. 기계식 교반은 회전 속도조절이 가능한 모터, 수평축 또는 수직축, 그리고 패들(Paddle)형, 원추형, 스크류형 등 다양한 형태의 교반 날개로 구성된 교반장치에 의해 이루어진다. 반면에 우류식 교반은 수류 자체의 흐름만에 의한 교반방식으로 상하우류식, 수평우류식, 양자의 복합식이 있다. In order to maximize sedimentation efficiency in both water treatment and advanced wastewater treatment, it is important to form large flocs of fine particles contained in the treated water. Flocculation is achieved by collisions between microparticles, microparticles and pre-formed flocs, and flocs. Impingement is achieved by stirring the water containing fine particles or flocs, and the methods of stirring include mechanical stirring and wet stirring. Mechanical agitation is accomplished by a stirring device consisting of a motor with adjustable speed, a horizontal or vertical axis, and various types of stirring vanes such as paddles, cones and screws. On the other hand, the agitation-type agitation is a method of stirring only by the flow of the water stream itself.
기계식 교반을 채택하는 플록형성지(Flocculation basin)의 주요설계요소로는 교반강도와 플록형성시간이 있다. 플록형성시간은 통상 20~40분 간을 표준으로 하며 패들(Paddle) 등 플록큐레이터(Flocculator)의 회전주변속도는 15~80 ㎝/sec, 플록형성지 내의 평균 교반강도(G값)는 10~100 sec-1 범위이며 통상 3~4단으로 나누어 하류로 갈수록 점차 감소시키는 방식으로 설계, 운전된다. 이는 플록형성지의 제 1단 즉 유입부에서는 미세입자의 충돌효율을 높이기 위하여 강한 교반을 하고 3단 또는 4단에서는 기 형성된 플록의 파괴를 막기 위하여 완만한 교반을 하게 되는 것이다. 우류식 교반에서는 평균유속을 15~30 ㎝/sec를 표준으로 한다. The main design factors for floculation basins that employ mechanical agitation are agitation strength and floc formation time. The floculation time is usually 20 to 40 minutes, and the rotational peripheral speed of floculators such as paddles is 15 to 80 cm / sec, and the average stirring strength (G value) in the floc forming paper is 10 to It is in the range of 100 sec-1, and is usually designed and operated in a manner of dividing into 3-4 stages and gradually decreasing it downstream. In the first stage of the floc forming paper, that is, the inlet, strong stirring is performed in order to increase the collision efficiency of the fine particles, and gentle stirring is performed in the third or fourth stage to prevent destruction of the flocs formed. In wet-type agitation, the average flow rate is 15 – 30 cm / sec.
기계식 교반방식이나 우류식 교반방식을 채택하는 기존의 기술에서는 20~40분의 긴 플록형성시간이 필요하고, 기계식 교반방식에서는 플록형성 효율은 우수하나 필요한 교반강도를 얻기 위해 계열당 3~4개의 모터를 연속적으로 구동하므로 많은 에너지를 소모하게 되는 단점이 있다. 또한, 우류식 교반방식에서는 수류의 힘을 이용하므로 모터는 필요없으나 우류가 일어나는 수로단면적(폭과 수심이 수 m)이 비교적 넓기 때문에 플록형성 효율이 낮은 단점이 있다. Conventional techniques adopting mechanical or wet agitation require long flocculization times of 20 to 40 minutes, while mechanical agitation is superior in floc formation efficiency but 3-4 per series to achieve the required agitation strength. Since the motor is continuously driven, a lot of energy is consumed. In addition, in the wet-type stirring method, since the power of the water flow is used, the motor is not required, but the floc forming efficiency is low because the cross-sectional area (width and depth of water) of the water is relatively large.
중력식 침전지의 주요 설계요소로는 침전제거하고자 하는 플록의 침강속도 및 침전지에서의 침강거리, 즉 수심과 체류시간이다. 침강속도와 침강거리를 고려한 표면부하율(Surface loading 또는 Overflow rate) 개념이 적용된다. 침전지는 원형침전지, 횡류식 침전지, 경사판 또는 경사관 침전지가 있다. 이중 횡류식 침전지와 경사판 침전지는 플록 형성지와 직접 연결되며 상수 처리를 위해 많이 사용되고, 원형침전지는 하폐수 처리 시설에서 많이 채택되고 있다. 원형침전지의 경우 처리대상수가 침전지의 중앙 부분으로 유입되어 바깥쪽으로 흐르면서 침전하므로 상수처리 시 필요한 응집제 투입 후 플록이 형성된 처리대상수를 침전지 중앙으로 이송하는 과정에서 플록이 깨지게 되어 침전효과를 기대할 수 없기 때문이다. The main design elements of gravity settling basins are the settling velocity of the floc to be settled and the settling distance from the settler, ie depth and residence time. The concept of surface loading or overflow rate considering the sedimentation speed and sedimentation distance is applied. The sedimentation basin may be a circular sedimentation basin, a cross flow sedimentation basin, a slope plate or an inclined tube sedimentation basin. Double cross-flow sedimentation basins and sloped sedimentation basins are directly connected to floc forming basins and are widely used for water treatment, and circular sedimentation basins are widely used in sewage treatment facilities. In the case of the circular sedimentation cell, the treated water flows into the central part of the sedimentation basin and flows outward, so the floc is broken during the transfer of the floc formed water to the center of the sedimentation basin after the flocculant required for water treatment. Because.
이들 침전방식 모두 플록의 침강거리를 최소화함으로써 침전효율을 제고할 수 있음은 자명하다. 표준정수공정에서의 횡류식 침전지의 유효수심은 3~4m 이고 체류시간은 2~4 시간, 슬러지 퇴적 심도는 30㎝ 이상 고려한다. 즉, 플록이 침전지에 유입된 후 유출될 때까지 최대 3~4m를 침강해야 제거된다는 의미이다. 따라서 침강속도가 느린 플록은 미 제거되어 월류되고 후속 별도의 구조물로 설치된 여과지에서 제거되는 것이 일반적인 공정 흐름이다. 원형침전지나 횡류식 침전지의 바닥에 퇴적된 슬러지는 다양한 형태의 슬러지 수집기(Sludge collector)를 이용하여 침전지의 유입부 방향으로 긁어모아 슬러지 펌프를 이용하여 간헐적으로 침전지 외부로 배출한다. 슬러지 수집기(Sludge collector)의 종류로는 주행브리지식, 체인플라이트식, 수중대차식, 공기압식, 컨베이어식, 회전식, 주변구동식 등이 있다. 상기 횡류식 침전지의 침강거리를 획기적으로 단축시키고 침전면적을 증가시킴으로써 침전제거 효율을 제고하고자 한 침강장치가 경사판 및 경사관 침전지이다. It is obvious that both of these precipitation methods can improve the settling efficiency by minimizing the settling distance of the flocs. The effective depth of the transverse sedimentation basin in the standard water purification process is 3-4m, the residence time is 2-4 hours, and the sludge deposition depth is 30cm or more. This means that flocs can be removed by sinking up to 3 to 4 m until they have flowed into the settling basin and then out. Therefore, it is common process flow that slow settling flocs are unremoved, overflowed and subsequently removed from filter paper installed as a separate structure. The sludge deposited on the bottom of the circular sedimentation or crossflow sedimentation basin is scraped in the direction of the inlet of the sedimentation basin by using various types of sludge collectors, and is discharged intermittently to the outside of the sedimentation basin using a sludge pump. Types of sludge collector include traveling bridge type, chain flight type, underwater cart type, pneumatic type, conveyor type, rotary type, and peripheral driving type. Inclined devices and inclined tube settler are intended to improve the sediment removal efficiency by significantly shortening the settling distance of the cross-flow sedimentation basin and increasing the settling area.
경사판 침전지는 다단설치가 가능하며 표면부하율 4~9㎜/min, 경사판 경사각은 60˚, 침전지내 평균유속은 0.6m/min 이하, 경사판 간격 100㎜ 이상, 경사판 내 체류시간은 경사판의 간격이 100㎜인 경우에 20~40분 정도이다. 경사관 침전지는 경사각 60˚, 침전지내 평균 상승유속은 80mm/min 이하이다. Inclined plate sedimentation basin can be installed in multiple stages, surface load ratio 4 ~ 9㎜ / min, inclined plate inclination angle 60˚, average flow velocity in sedimentation basin is 0.6m / min or less, inclined plate spacing 100mm or more, dwell time in sloped plate is 100 In the case of mm, it is about 20 to 40 minutes. Inclined pipe sedimentation basin has an inclination angle of 60˚ and an average ascent flow velocity in the sedimentation basin is 80 mm / min or less.
일반적으로 경사판이나 경사관 내에 쌓인 슬러지는 경사판의 60˚ 각을 이용하여 중력에 의해 자동으로 아래쪽으로 미끄러짐으로써 슬러지가 하부로 배출되도록 설계되어있고, 경사판 하부와 침전지 바닥까지의 간격을 1.5m 이상 두어 슬러지 퇴적, 슬러지 수집설비, 침강장치의 유지관리와 수리점검에 이용된다. 침전지 가동 중에는 경사판 침강장치와 바닥 사이를 저류벽으로 차단시켜 단락류를 방지하고 사람이 출입할 수 있는 출입문을 설치한다. In general, the sludge accumulated in the inclined plate or inclined tube is designed to be discharged downward by automatically sliding down by gravity using the 60˚ angle of the inclined plate, and the space between the bottom of the inclined plate and the bottom of the settling basin is 1.5 m or more. It is used for sludge deposition, sludge collection facilities and sedimentation maintenance and repair. During the operation of the sedimentation basin, a barrier between the slope settling device and the floor is blocked by a storage wall to prevent short circuit and install a door for human access.
표준정수공정에서의 급속여과지에서는 모래, 안스라사이트(Anthracite coal), 입상활성탄과 같은 입상여재(Granular filter media)가 주로 사용되고 있으며, 급속여과지는 여재층의 구성에 따라 여재층 두께 60~70㎝의 단층, 60~80㎝의 다층, 수류방향에 따라 하향류와 상향류, 여과속도는 단층의 경우 120~150m/day, 다층의 경우 240m/day 이내이며 수리적으로는 중력식과 압력식, 여과수량의 시간변화에 따라 정속여과와 감쇠여과, 여과 수량의 조절방식에 따라 유량제어형, 수위제어형, 자연평형형 등으로 나뉘고 세척수 공급방식으로는 고가세척탱크 또는 세척 펌프로 공급하는 방식과 여과지 정수지의 물 또는 다른 여과지의 여과수를 공급하는 방식이 있고 응집, 침전한 물을 여과하는 방식과 응집만을 한 물을 침전없이 여과하는 직접여과 방식이 있다. 입상여재를 사용하는 여과지에서는 여재의 지지, 세척 시 물과 공기의 여과지 전체로의 균등한 배분 등을 위해 하부집수장치를 설치하며 하부집수장치의 종류로는 유공블록형, 스트레이너형, 유공관형, 다공판형, 휠러형 등이 있다. Granular filter media such as sand, anthracite coal, and granular activated carbon are mainly used in the rapid filter paper in the standard water purification process, and the rapid filter paper has a thickness of 60 ~ 70㎝ depending on the composition of the filter layer. Single layer, 60 ~ 80㎝ multi-layer, downflow and upflow depending on the water flow direction, filtration speed is within 120 ~ 150m / day for single layer, 240m / day for multi-layer, hydraulically and pressure type, filtration water quantity According to the change of time, it is divided into the flow control type, the water level control type, the natural equilibrium type according to the constant speed filtration, the damping filtration, and the control method of filtration quantity. Alternatively, there is a method of supplying filtered water from other filter papers, and a method of filtering aggregated and precipitated water and a direct filtration method for filtering only aggregated water without precipitation. In the filter paper using granular media, the lower collecting device is installed to support the filter medium and distribute water and air evenly to the whole filter paper when washing.The lower collecting device is a porous block type, strainer type, perforated pipe type, Perforated plate type, wheeler type and the like.
여재의 세척은 표면세척과 역세척을 조합한 방식이 일반적이며 필요에 따라 공기세척이 수반된다. 중력식 하향류 여과방식의 경우 상당부분 플록은 여재층 상부에서 집중적으로 제거되며, 특히 유입부분의 여재층 최상부 표면에 많은 플록이 쌓이므로 여재층 상부의 구동장치에 장착된 표면세척기를 이용하여 표면세척을 실시하고 이들 플록을 역세척수와 함께 배출시킨다. 역세척은 여과가 진행되는 물의 흐름과 반대방향으로 여과속도 5~10배의 유속으로 세척수를 통과시킴으로써 여재층의 팽창과 함께 여재의 유동화, 여재 입자간의 충돌, 수류 등에 의해 억류된 플록이 탈리되어 역세척수와 함께 배출되는 공정이다. 역세척 시간은 역세척 방식, 공기세척 유무에 따라 다르나, 물로 세척하는 시간은 10분 내외이다. 역세척을 위해 소요되는 수량은 가변적이나 대략 하루에 1시간 정도 여과한 물이 사용된다. The cleaning of the media is usually a combination of surface and backwashing, with air cleaning as necessary. In the case of gravity downflow filtration, a large part of the flocs are removed intensively from the top of the media layer, especially since many flocs accumulate on the top surface of the media layer in the inflow section, using the surface cleaner mounted on the driving device above the media layer. And discharge these flocs with backwash water. Backwashing passes the washing water at a flow rate of 5 to 10 times the filtration rate in the opposite direction to the flow of water through which the filtration flows. It is a process discharged with backwash water. The backwashing time depends on the backwashing method and the presence or absence of air washing, but the washing time with water is about 10 minutes. The amount of water required for backwashing varies, but filtered water is used for approximately one hour per day.
역세척 유속을 느리게 하여 여재층의 팽창 없이 역세척을 실시하는 비팽창 세척방식에서는 공기와 물을 동시에 이용한다. 위에서 기술한 기존의 역세척 방식은 세척수와 함께 여재입자가 월류되어 누출되지 않도록 하기 위하여 세척유속이 제한된다. In the non-expansive washing method where the backwash flow rate is slowed and the backwash is performed without expansion of the media layer, air and water are simultaneously used. The conventional backwashing method described above limits the cleaning flow rate in order to prevent leakage of media particles along with the washing water.
여재를 세척한 후에 여과를 재개할 때 일시적으로 여과수의 수질은 악화된다. 이는 세척 시 탈리되어 여재층에 잔류하는 소량의 플록이 여과 초기에 유출되기 때문이다. 따라서, 세척 후 초기 여과수를 배출하여 버리는 시동방수(Filter to waste)가 반드시 필요한 경우가 있다. Temporarily deteriorating the water quality of the filtrate when filtration is resumed after washing the media. This is because a small amount of floc, which is detached during washing and remains in the media layer, flows out at the beginning of the filtration. Therefore, in some cases, a filter to waste that discharges the initial filtered water after washing may be necessary.
상수 및 하폐수의 소독을 위한 자외선(UV) 소독시설에서는 일반적으로 UV램프 모듈이 설치되는 소독수로가 별도로 설계된다. 스테인리스 스틸 재질의 반응조나 철근 콘크리트 구조물의 수로에 소독장비를 장착하여 운영한다. 자외선 조사 시간은 저압램프의 경우 4~14초 정도, 중압램프의 경우에는 1초 내외가 필요하며, 소독의 안전성 확보를 위하여 접촉시간이 길수록 유리하다. Ultraviolet (UV) disinfection facilities for the disinfection of drinking water and sewage water are usually designed separately for disinfection water passages in which UV lamp modules are installed. Sterilization equipment is installed in the reactor of stainless steel or waterway of reinforced concrete structure. UV irradiation time is about 4 ~ 14 seconds for low pressure lamps, about 1 second in the case of medium pressure lamps, the longer the contact time is advantageous to ensure the safety of disinfection.
교반용 모터와 패들, 약품주입 및 급속교반을 위한 별도의 반응기 구조물이 필요 없고 처리대상수가 흐르는 수로 단면의 여러 지점에서 골고루 응집제 주입이 가능하며, 종래의 파샬플룸, 오리피스, 벤투리미터, 위어, 배플(Baffle) 등을 이용하는 경우보다 혼화효율이 획기적으로 개선됨과 동시에 유지관리, 점검, 부품교체가 편리한 이물질에 의한 내부 막힘이 없는 에너지 절약형 수류식 혼화장치와 근거리에 위치하는 입자간의 충돌을 야기시키므로써 최소의 공간내에서 집약(Compact)적이고 집중(Convergence)적으로 플록형성이 일어나게 할 수 있는 장치가 요구된다. There is no need for a separate reactor structure for stirring motors and paddles, chemical injection and rapid agitation, and it is possible to inject coagulant evenly at various points in the cross section of the channel through which the treated water flows, and conventional parslum plume, orifice, venturimeter, weir, Compared to the use of baffles, the mixing efficiency is dramatically improved, and the collision between the energy-saving water-flow mixing device and the particles located at a short distance without causing internal clogging due to foreign matters, which is convenient for maintenance, inspection and parts replacement, is caused. Therefore, there is a need for a device capable of causing floc formation intensively and convergently in a minimum space.
또한, 횡류식 침전지 또는 경사판 침전지의 크기를 획기적으로 축소시키면서도 침전효율을 제고할 수 있고 구조적으로 복잡한 슬러지 수집기(Sludge collector)를 설치하지 않으면서 최소한의 세척수로 횡류식 침전지, 경사판 침전지를 세척, 배출할 수 있는 장치와 세척유속은 여과속도의 수 십~수 백 배까지 증가시키고 세척시간은 수 초~수 십초로 단축시킬 수 있는 여과지 구조와 세척수를 여과지 외부의 별도 공급원에서 공급하는 것이 아니라 세척하고자 하는 여과지 자체에서 처리된 물을 바로 세척수로 이용함과 동시에 세척한 물을 즉시 여과지 외부로 손쉽게 배출할 수 있으면서 여재세척 후에 초기 여과수를 배출하여 버리는 시동방수(Filter to waste) 기능을 용이하게 수행할 수 있는 여과지의 구조가 필요하다. In addition, the sedimentation efficiency can be improved while significantly reducing the size of the cross-flow sedimentation basin or inclined plate sedimentation basin, and washing and discharging the cross-flow sedimentation basin and inclined plate sedimentation basin with minimal washing water without installing a structurally complex sludge collector. The filter media structure and washing water can be increased from tens to hundreds of times of filtration speed and the washing time can be reduced from several seconds to several tens of seconds. It is possible to easily use the treated water from the filter paper itself as washing water, and at the same time, it is easy to discharge the washed water immediately to the outside of the filter paper, and to easily perform the filter to waste function to discharge the initial filtered water after washing the filter. The structure of the filter paper is needed.
선행 혼화기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 본 발명에서는 흐르는 수체의 여러 지점에서 응집용 약품주입이 가능하며 빠른 유속과 수체의 충돌, 와류 및 난류를 효과적으로 발생시킬 수 있는 수위조절용 정류벽, 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈, 오리피스형 정류벽, 우류식혼화모듈을 고안하였다. In order to solve the problems of the prior art mixing technology, the present invention is capable of injecting the coagulant at various points of the flowing water body, and the rectifying wall for controlling the water level, which can effectively generate the high velocity and collision of the water body, the vortex and the turbulence, and the cartridge type coagulation Chemical injection module, orifice type rectifying wall, and wet mixing module were devised.
수위조절용 정류벽은 유량 변화에 대하여 혼화장치를 통과하는 수위를 조절하고 통과유속과 교반강도를 조절할 목적으로 설치한다. The rectifying wall for water level control is installed for the purpose of controlling the level of water passing through the admixture for the change of flow rate and adjusting the flow rate and the stirring strength.
카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈은 응집용약품주입파이프를 혼화용 수로에 대하여 가로 또는 세로로 다수 설치하고 파이프의 특정 지점에 구멍이나 노즐을 다수 형성시켜 응집제가 처리대상수로 이동해 나가는 출구기능을 수행하게 함으로써 다지점 응집용약품주입(Multi-point Coagulant Injection)을 수행한다. The cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module installs a flocculation chemical injection pipe horizontally or vertically with respect to the mixing channel and forms a plurality of holes or nozzles at a specific point of the pipe to perform an outlet function to move the flocculant to the water to be treated. By doing so, multi-point coagulant injection is performed.
상기 구멍이나 노즐에 대하여 흐름방향으로 전후방 또는 동일선상에 오리피스(Orifice)형 정류벽을 설치하여 오리피스의 원리에서 알 수 있듯이 응집제가 주입된 처리대상수가 매우 빠른 유속으로 오리피스의 열린부분으로만 통과하게 한다. 상기 오리피스 열린부분을 통과한 처리대상수와 응집제는 효과적인 난류 발생이 일어나도록 고안된 단위우류식혼화모듈에 부딪히면서 1차 급속혼화가 일어나고 이러한 단위우류식혼화모듈이 다단으로 형성된 우류식혼화모듈을 통과하는 과정에서 혼화가 완성되도록 한다.  An orifice rectifying wall is provided in the flow direction with respect to the hole or the nozzle in the forward or backward direction or in the same line, so that the treated object injected with the flocculant passes only through the open part of the orifice at a very high flow rate, as can be seen from the principle of the orifice. do. The treated water and the flocculant that passed through the orifice opening part hit the unit type hybridization module designed to generate effective turbulence, and the first rapid mixing occurs, and the unit type hybridization module passes through the unit type mixing module formed in multiple stages. Allow the mix to complete in the process.
선행 플록형성 기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 본 발명에서는 여과식플록형성모듈, 우류식교반플록형성모듈, 상향층류식플록형성모듈, 기계식교반플록형성모듈을 선택적으로 조합하여 플록형성시스템을 구성하고, 처리대상수가 플록형성시스템을 통과할 때 각 플록형성모듈의 특징적인 플록형성기작(Flocculation mechanism)에 따라 미세입자가 충돌하여 플록이 형성되고 요구되는 플록의 크기를 달성할 수 있도록 하였다. In order to solve the problems of the prior flocculization technique, the present invention constructs a floc forming system by selectively combining a filtration floc forming module, a vortex agitating floc forming module, an upward laminar floc forming module, and a mechanical stirring floc forming module. When the treated water passes through the floc forming system, the floc is formed according to the characteristic floculation mechanism of each floc forming module so that the floc is formed and the required floe size can be achieved.
여과식플록형성모듈에서는 미세입자의 여재에의 부착 및 탈착, 여재공극에서의 억류 및 이탈을 반복하면서 플록화가 일어나는 장점이 있다. 그러나 여재 공극이 너무 작으면 생성될 수 있는 플록의 크기가 작아지며 여재 공극이 크면 생성되는 플록의 크기는 약간 커지나 부착 및 탈착기능이 저하되므로 여재의 선택, 여재층의 두께가 중요한 요소이다. 특수한 형태로 고안된 우류식교반플록형성모듈에서는 유속변화, 와류 및 교반강도를 최소의 공간에서 발생시킬 수 있도록 함으로써 입자나 플록간의 충돌 빈도를 획기적으로 증대할 수 있도록 한다. In the filter-type floc forming module, flocking has the advantage of repeating attachment and desorption of fine particles to the media, detention and release from the media pores. However, if the medial pore is too small, the size of floc that can be produced is small. If the medial pore is large, the size of the generated floc is slightly larger, but the attachment and desorption function is reduced, so the choice of media and the thickness of the media layer are important factors. In the specially designed flow type stirring floc forming module, it is possible to generate a change in flow velocity, vortex and agitation strength in a minimum space, thereby dramatically increasing the frequency of collision between particles and flocs.
선행 침전기술과 여과기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 여과지를 여재층, 여재층 하부공간, 여재층 상부공간으로 구분하였다. 여재층 하부공간은 처리대상수 공급기능, 침전기능, 침전지 세척기능, 세척수 및 슬러지 배출기능을 담당하고, 여재층은 다양한 여재를 사용할 수 있으면서 상향류식 여과를 수행하고 하향류의 세척유속을 극대화 할 수 있는 구조로 하였다. 여재층 상부 공간에서는 처리수의 저류 및 배출, 저류된 처리수를 세척수로 확보, 세척 시 수압 및 세척유속 제공, 시동방수, 상부공간 체류시간에 따른 자외선 소독시간 확보, 세척수량 및 자외선 소독시간을 처리수 배출구의 높이 선택으로 조절하는 복합적 기능을 수행하게 하였다. In order to solve the problems of the prior sedimentation technique and the filtration technique, the filter paper was divided into the media layer, the media layer lower space, and the media layer upper space. The lower space of the filter bed is responsible for supplying the water to be treated, the settling function, the sedimentation basin washing function, the washing water and the sludge discharge function, and the filter bed is capable of performing the upflow filtration while maximizing the flow rate of the downflow while using various media. It was set as the structure which could be. In the upper space of the media layer, the treatment water is stored and discharged, securing the treated water as washing water, providing water pressure and washing flow rate during washing, starting waterproofing, securing UV disinfection time according to the residence time of the upper space, washing water quantity and UV disinfection time. The selection of the heights of the treated water outlets allows for a complex function.
상기 여재층 하부공간 바닥이나 여과지 주위에 전동 밸브나 수문을 다수 설치하고, 세척 필요시 이 밸브나 수문을 동시에 빠른 속도로 개방할 때 여재층에서의 불가피한 손실수두를 제외하고는 배관, 여과지 벽면, 침전지에서의 손실수두를 구조적으로 최소화함으로써 기존 기술에서의 세척유속보다 수 배~수 십 배 빠르도록 하향류 세척유속의 극대화를 가능하게 하였다. 기존의 기술에서와 같이 하부집수장치를 설치할 경우에는 하부집수장치 자체의 손실수두 때문에 본 발명에서와 같이 빠른 세척유속을 달성하기는 어렵다. 또한, 본 발명의 여과지는 여재층의 세척수를 이용하여 침전지를 동시에 세척, 배출할 수 있는 구조이므로 선행 기술의 침전지에서 반드시 필요한 슬러지 수집기(Sludge collector) 및 슬러지 배출 펌프, 표면세척을 포함한 여재세척용 구동 설비가 불필요하게 하였다. Install a plurality of electric valves or water gates around the bottom of the lower layer of the media layer or around the filter paper, and if necessary to open the valve or the water gate at a high speed at the same time, except for the unavoidable loss of water in the media layer, the pipe, filter paper wall, By structurally minimizing the loss head at the sedimentation basin, it is possible to maximize the downflow washing flow rate several times to several ten times faster than the existing washing flow rate. In the case of installing the lower collecting device as in the conventional art, it is difficult to achieve a fast washing flow rate as in the present invention because of the loss head of the lower collecting device itself. In addition, the filter paper of the present invention is a structure capable of simultaneously washing and discharging the sedimentation basin using the washing water of the filter media layer, the sludge collector (sludge collector) and the sludge discharge pump, surface cleaning, including the surface cleaning, which is necessary in the prior art sedimentation basin The drive facility was unnecessary.
또한, 여재세척 중에 처리대상수 공급을 중단해야 하는 선행기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 처리대상수 공급 위치와 세척수 및 슬러지 배출 위치를 동일 공간으로 배치하였으며 여재층 상부와 처리수 배출구 사이에 시동 방수구(Filter to waste valve)를 설치하여 시동방수(Filter to waste)를 용이하게 수행할 수 있도록 하였다. In addition, in order to solve the problem of the prior art that the supply of the treated water should be stopped during the washing of the filter media, the treatment water supply position and the washing water and sludge discharge positions are arranged in the same space. Filter to waste valve was installed to facilitate filter to waste.
하부집수장치를 생략하기 위해서 필터 스펀지나 스펀지와 같은 여재는 여재블록을 이용함으로써 손실수두가 거의 없는 간단한 지지구조물 만으로 여과지 내에 위치시킬 수 있게 하고 입상여재는 얇은 두께의 필터 스펀지와 같은 여재 위에 입상 여재를 포설하는 구조로 하였다. In order to omit the lower collecting device, the media such as filter sponge or sponge can be placed in the filter paper by simple supporting structure with almost no head loss by using the media block. The granular media can be placed on the media such as filter media with thin thickness filter sponge. It was made to structure.
선행 혼화장치에서 필요로 하는 모터, 회전축, 패들 또는 임펠러가 불필요하게 되어 에너지가 절감되고, 별도로 요구되는 반응기가 수로로 대체됨으로써 공간과 건설비용이 절약되며, 구동부분이 없어 고장의 가능성과 단락류 발생가능성이 매우 낮아짐은 물론 매우 짧은 시간내에 플록을 형성시키므로써 종래의 기술에 비하여 부지면적과 구조물의 크기를 현저히 축소시킬 수 있어 경제성이 크게 제고된다. The need for motors, rotating shafts, paddles, or impellers required by the preceding admixtures saves energy, and the required reactors are replaced by water channels, saving space and construction costs. As well as the possibility of very low occurrence, by forming a floc in a very short time, it is possible to significantly reduce the land area and the size of the structure compared to the prior art, thereby greatly improving the economics.
또한, 하나의 구조물(여과지) 내에서 여과, 침전 및 자외선 소독이 가능하게 됨으로써 기존의 기술에 비하여 부지면적과 상수나 하폐수 처리 설비의 전체 크기가 현저히 감소하며 여과지 상부공간에 저류되는 처리수 겸 세척수는 외부로부터의 별도의 세척수 공급 시스템을 불필요하게 하여 시설 소요를 경감시키고 이 공간에 자외선 램프를 쉽게 장착할 수 있다.  In addition, filtration, sedimentation, and UV disinfection are possible within a single structure (filter paper), which significantly reduces land area and overall size of water and wastewater treatment facilities compared to the existing technology, and treats and washes stored in the upper space of the filter paper. This eliminates the need for a separate wash water supply system from the outside, reducing facility requirements and allowing easy installation of ultraviolet lamps in this space.
특히 여재층 하부공간, 즉 여과지의 바닥이나 주위에 전동 밸브나 수문을 다수 설치하여 세척 시 빠른 속도로 동시에 개방함으로써 수 초~수 십초 내에 여과지 내 물의 전체 또는 일부를 하부로 배수시키는 방법으로 여재층과 침전지에 억류되거나 퇴적된 슬러지를 효과적으로 세척, 배출시키는 효과를 달성할 수 있음과 동시에 시동방수를 용이하게 할 수 있다. In particular, by installing a large number of electric valves or water gates at the bottom of the filter media, i.e., at the bottom or around the filter paper, the filter media can be drained downward in a few seconds to several tens of seconds. It is possible to achieve the effect of effectively cleaning and discharging the sludge detained or deposited in the sedimentation basin and facilitating starting waterproofing.
도 1은 본 발명의 혼화장치, 플록형성지, 하이브리드 여과지가 구성되어 혼화, 플록형성, 침전, 여과가 자연유하식으로 이루어지므로써 에너지를 절감하는 구조를 갖는 상수 및 하폐수 처리장치의 공정도이다.1 is a process diagram of a wastewater and sewage treatment apparatus having a structure that saves energy by mixing, flocculation paper, and hybrid filter paper of the present invention, and mixing, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration are performed in a natural flow type.
도 2는 본 발명의 혼화용 수로, 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈, 오리피스형 정류벽, 우류식혼화모듈로 구성된 혼화장치의 예시도이다 (평면도, 응집용약품주입유공파이프는 수직으로 설치, 우류식혼화모듈은 3단 구성)Figure 2 is an exemplary view of the mixing device consisting of a mixing channel, cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module, orifice rectifying wall, the flow mixing module of the present invention (top view, flocculation chemical injection oil pipe is installed vertically, rain Eating module is composed of three stages)
도 3은 본 발명의 혼화용 수로, 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈, 오리피스형 정류벽, 우류식혼화모듈로 구성된 혼화장치의 예시도이다 (종단면도, 응집용약품주입유공파이프는 수직으로 설치, 우류식혼화모듈은 3단 구성)Figure 3 is an exemplary view of a mixing device composed of a mixing channel, cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module, orifice type rectifying wall, the storm mixing module of the present invention (vertical cross-sectional view, flocculation chemical injection hole pipe is installed vertically, The wet food mixing module consists of three stages)
도 4는 본 발명의 오리피스형 정류벽과 단위우류식혼화모듈의 형상 및 처리대상수 흐름 예시도이다.Figure 4 is an exemplary view showing the shape of the orifice rectifying wall and unit flow type mixing module and the flow of water to be treated.
도 5는 본 발명의 여과식플록형성모듈, 우류식교반플록형성모듈, 상향층류식플록형성모듈, 기계교반식 플록형성모듈(수직축, 패들평)을 1개 반응조 내에 상하로 배치한 플록형성지 예시도이다.5 is a floc forming paper in which a filtration floc forming module, a stirrer floc forming module, an upward laminar floc forming module, and a mechanical stirring floc forming module (vertical shaft, paddle flat) are arranged vertically in one reactor. It is an illustration.
도 6은 본 발명의 상향류 단위우류식교반플록형성모듈의 구조와 모듈 내에서의 와류 발생 및 교반 형성 설명도이다.(다면체형)6 is an explanatory view of the structure of the upflow unit flow type stirring floc forming module of the present invention and the generation of vortices and stirring in the module (polyhedron).
도 7은 본 발명의 상향류 단위우류식교반플록형성모듈의 구조와 모듈 내에서의 와류 발생 및 교반 형성 설명도이다.(절단파이프형)7 is an explanatory view of the structure of the upflow unit flow type stirring floc forming module of the present invention and the generation of vortices and stirring in the module (cutting pipe type).
도 8은 본 발명의 플록형성모듈을 상하 및 옆으로 인접하여 2단으로 배치한 플록형성지 예시도이다.8 is an exemplary view of the floc forming paper in which the floc forming module of the present invention is disposed in two stages adjacent to each other up and down and sideways.
도 9는 본 발명의 여재층, 여재층 하부공간, 여재층 상부공간으로 구성된 여과지 예시도이다.(여재층 하부공간에는 횡류식 침전지 및 경사판(관) 침전지, 세척 후 세척수/슬러지 배출구 ; 여재층 상부공간에서는 처리수 저류 및 배출, 세척 전 세척수 확보, 세척 시 수압 및 세척유속 제공, 시동방수구 및 자외선 램프 장착).Figure 9 is an exemplary filter paper consisting of the media layer, the media layer lower space, the media layer upper space of the present invention (in the lower layer of the media layer is a cross-flow sedimentation basin and slope plate (pipe) sedimentation basin, washing water / sludge outlet after washing; media layer) In the upper space, the treated water is stored and discharged, the water is washed before washing, the water pressure and the cleaning flow rate are provided, and the starting drain and the ultraviolet lamp are installed.
도 10은 본 발명의 다단 수평판 침전지를 구비한 여재층 하부공간 예시도이다.10 is an exemplary view showing a lower layer of a media layer with a multi-stage horizontal plate settler of the present invention.
※ 도면 부호의 설명※ Explanation of reference numerals
1 : 혼화용 수로 2 : 혼화용 수로 구조체 1: mixing channel 2: mixing channel structure
3 : 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈 3: cartridge type coagulant injection module
4 : 응집용약품저류조(카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈 상부) 4: flocculation chemical storage tank (top of cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module)
5 : 응집용약품주입유공파이프(카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈 하부) 5: flocculation chemical injection hole pipe (lower cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module)
6 : 응집용약품주입유공파이프의 구멍 또는 노즐 6: Hole or nozzle of cohesive chemical injection hole pipe
7 : 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈 삽입 및 고정 구조물 7: Insertion and fixing structure of cartridge type coagulant injection module
8 : 오리피스형 정류벽 9 : 오리피스형 정류벽의 열린부분 8: orifice type rectifying wall 9: open part of orifice type rectifying wall
10 : 우류식혼화모듈 11 : 단위우류식혼화모듈 10: milk mixing module 11: unit milk mixing module
12 : 단위우류식혼화모듈 유입부(열림) 12: unit milk type mixing module inlet (open)
13 : 단위우류식혼화모듈 유입부 반대쪽 벽면 13: Wall opposite the inlet of unit wet type mixing module
14 : 단위우류식혼화모듈 옆면 15 : 단위우류식혼화모듈 사이(간격) 14: side of the unit mixing type 15: between the unit mixing type (interval)
16 : 단위우류식혼화모듈 높이 17 : 수위조절용 정류벽 16: unit rain type mixing module height 17: water level control rectification wall
18 : 플록형성지  18: floc forming paper
19 : 여과식플록형성모듈(필터스펀지, 안스라사이트, 극세사 등으로 조합) 19: Filtration floc forming module (combined by filter sponge, anthracite, microfiber, etc.)
20 : 우류식교반플록형성모듈 21 : 상향층류식플록형성모듈 20: flow type stirring floculation module 21: upflow laminar floc forming module
22 : 기계식교반플록형성모듈(수직축, 패들형, 완속교반) 22: mechanical stirring floc forming module (vertical shaft, paddle type, slow stirring)
23 : 정류벽 24 : 패들(Paddle) 23: rectifying wall 24: paddle
25 : 여재층 지지구조물 26 : 단위우류식교반플록형성모듈 25: media layer support structure 26: unit flow type stirring floc forming module
27 : 여과지 28 : 여재층 27: filter paper 28: media layer
29 : 여재층 하부공간 30 : 여재층 상부공간 29: lower space of the media layer 30: upper space of the media layer
31 : 횡류식 침전지 32 : 경사판(경사관) 침전지 31: Cross-flow sedimentation basin 32: Inclined plate (slope tube) sedimentation basin
33 : 처리수/세척수 저류(세척 전), 세척수압 및 세척유속 확보 33: Treatment water / wash water storage (before washing), washing water pressure and washing flow rate
34 : 처리수 배출구(수위조절 가능) 34: treated water outlet (adjustable water level)
35 : 자외선(UV)램프 35 UV lamp
36 : 세척 후 세척수/슬러지 배출 밸브(또는 수문) 36: Washing water / sludge drain valve (or water gate) after washing
37 : 세척 후 세척수/슬러지 배수조 37: washing water / sludge drainage after washing
38 : 여재층 지지구조물 38: support layer support structure
39 : 흡입펌프 40 : 다단 수평판 침전지 39: suction pump 40: multi-stage horizontal plate settling basin
41 : 시동방수구(Filter to waste valve) 41: Filter to waste valve
본 발명은 상수 및 하폐수처리를 위한 혼화장치(Rapid mixing equipment), 플록형성지(Flocculation basin), 하이브리드 여과지(Hybrid filter)에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a rapid mixing equipment (Flocculation basin), hybrid filter (Hybrid filter) for water and wastewater treatment.
처리대상수에 함유된 콜로이드(Colloid)성 미세입자, 용존성 오염물질, 인(Phosphorus)등을 처리하기 위하여 혼화장치에 응집제(Coagulant)를 투입하여 투입된 응집제와 처리대상수가 자연유하 상태에서 빠르게 혼화되게 하고 플록형성지에 서는 혼화과정에서 생성된 침전물이나 미세플록을 자연유하상태에서 효과적으로 충돌시켜 침전이 용이한 큰 플록(Floc)으로 형성시키며 하이브리드 여과지에서는 침전과 여과를 통하여 형성된 플록을 제거하므로써 목표로 하는 처리수질을 달성한다. In order to treat colloidal microparticles, dissolved contaminants, and phosphorus contained in the water to be treated, a coagulant is added to the admixture, and the coagulant and the water to be treated are quickly mixed under natural conditions. In floc forming paper, the floc formed in the mixing process or the fine floc effectively collides under natural flow to form a large floc that is easy to settle, and in hybrid filter paper, the floc formed through precipitation and filtration is aimed at Achieve the treated water quality.
본 발명의 실시에 대한 구체적인 내용을 도 1 내지 도 10을 참조하며 상세히 설명한다. 먼저 혼화장치에 대하여 기술한다. 도 1 및 도 2에 예시한 바와 같이 처리대상수가 유입되어 통과하는 혼화용 수로(1) 내에 수위조절용 정류벽(17), 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈(3), 오리피스형 정류벽(8), 우류식혼화모듈(10)로 구성된 혼화장치가 형성된다. 수위조절용 정류벽(17)은 혼화장치를 통과하는 수위를 조절하려는 기능을 수행하고, 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈(3)은 응집용 약품을 혼화용 수로(1) 단면에 골고루 분산 주입하는 기능을 수행하며, 오리피스형 정류벽(8)은 응집용 약품이 주입된 처리대상수가 통과할 때 빠른 유속을 유발시킴과 동시에 후속 우류식혼화모듈(10)로의 집중 진입을 위한 통로 역할을 하고, 우류식혼화모듈(10)에서는 수류의 충돌, 와류 및 난류, 그리고 급속교반이 효과적으로 발생되게 함으로써 주입된 응집용 약품과 처리대상수가 수 초 이내의 빠른 시간 내에 혼화될 수 있도록 한다. Details of the implementation of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10. First, the mixing apparatus will be described. As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rectifying wall 17 for adjusting the water level, the cartridge type coagulant injection module 3, and the orifice type rectifying wall 8 are provided in the mixing channel 1 through which the treated water flows. , The mixing apparatus consisting of the wet type mixing module 10 is formed. The water level control rectification wall 17 performs a function of adjusting the water level passing through the mixing device, and the cartridge type coagulant injection module 3 distributes and distributes the coagulant evenly to the cross section of the mixing channel 1. Orifice-type rectification wall (8) causes a fast flow rate when the treated water injected with the flocculating chemicals pass and at the same time serves as a passage for the concentrated entry into the subsequent mixing type module (10), In the food mixture module 10, the collision of water flow, vortex and turbulence, and rapid stirring are effectively generated so that the injected flocculant and the treated water can be mixed within a few seconds.
카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈(3)은 상부에 응집용약품저류조(4)와 하부에 응집용약품주입유공파이프(5)가 일체화되어 혼화용 수로구조체(2)에 설치한 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈 삽입 및 고정 구조물(7)을 이용하여 삽입식으로 부착 및 탈착이 될 수 있도록 카트리지(Cartridge)형으로 제작된다. 응집용 약품은 응집용 약품저장탱크로부터 펌프 또는 자연유하방식으로 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈(3) 상부에 위치한 응집용약품저류조(4)로 유입된 후 중력에 의해 응집용약품주입유공파이프(5) 및 응집용약품주입유공파이프(5)에 설치된 구멍이나 노즐(6)을 통하여 처리대상수에 주입된다. The cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module 3 has a flocculation chemical storage tank 4 at the top and a flocculation chemical injection oil pipe 5 at the bottom, which are installed in the mixing channel structure 2 at the bottom. Using the injection module insertion and fixing structure (7) is manufactured in a cartridge (Cartridge) type so that it can be inserted and detached by insertion. The flocculating chemical is introduced into the flocculating chemical storage tank (4) located above the cartridge type flocculating chemical injection module (3) by a pump or a natural flow method from the flocculating chemical storage tank, and then the flocculating chemical injection pipe by gravity 5) and injected into the water to be treated through holes or nozzles 6 provided in the flocculant injection pipe 5.
카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈(3)의 하부에 위치하는 응집용약품주입유공파이프(5)는 혼화용 수로(1)의 바닥면에 대하여 수직으로 설치되거나 수평으로 설치된다. 응집용약품주입유공파이프(5)의 수평 또는 수직 길이는 최소 수심(LWL)과 최대수심(HWL)에서 파이프 전체가 처리대상수에 잠기도록 제작함으로써 수위 변동에 상관없이 고른 응집용 약품주입이 가능하도록 한다. 또한 응집용약품주입유공파이프(5)에 설치되는 구멍이나 노즐(6)의 크기는 혼화용 수로(1) 내를 흐르는 처리대상수에 응집용 약품이 균등한 농도로 주입될 수 있도록 크기를 다르게 할 수 있다. 즉, 관수로 또는 개수로를 흐르는 유체는 수심이나 벽체로부터의 이격거리에 따라 유속이 다르므로 균등농도 주입을 위해서는 이러한 유속 분포를 고려함과 동시에 응집용약품저류조(4)로부터의 이격거리에 따라 응집용 약품의 토출 유량이 달라지는 점도 고려하여 결정한다. The flocculating chemical injection pipe 5 located under the cartridge type flocculating chemical injection module 3 is installed vertically or horizontally with respect to the bottom surface of the mixing channel 1. The horizontal or vertical length of the flocculation chemical injection pipe 5 is manufactured so that the entire pipe is submerged in the water to be treated at the minimum depth (LWL) and the maximum depth (HWL), so that evenly coagulating chemical injection is possible regardless of the water level fluctuation. Do it. In addition, the size of the holes or nozzles 6 installed in the coagulant chemical injection hole pipe 5 may be different in size so that the coagulant may be injected at an equal concentration into the treated water flowing in the mixing channel 1. can do. That is, since the flow rate of the fluid flowing through the irrigation canals or channels is different depending on the separation distance from the depth of the water or the wall, the flow rate is agglomerated according to the separation distance from the flocculation chemical storage tank 4 while considering the distribution of these flow rates for uniform concentration injection. This is determined by considering the difference in the discharge flow rate of the chemical.
도 2와 도 3에는 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈(3)의 응집용약품주입유공파이프(5)가 처리대상수의 흐름 방향에 수직으로 설치된 경우(평면도)를 예시하였다. 2 and 3 illustrate a case in which the flocculation chemical injection pipe 5 of the cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module 3 is installed perpendicular to the flow direction of the water to be treated (top view).
오리피스형 정류벽(8)은 오리피스(Orifice)의 원리에서 알 수 있듯이 처리대상수가 흐르는 단면을 직각 방향으로 급격하게 축소시킴으로써 좁아진 열린부분으로의 통과 유속이 빨라짐과 동시에 통과 즉시 난류가 발생되는 현상을 이용하는 것이다. 본 발명에서는 다수의 오리피스 구조를 갖는 정류벽을 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈(3)의 응집용약품주입유공파이프(5)의 구멍이나 노즐(6)의 동일선상 또는 전후방에 위치시키고 오리피스의 열린부분(9)과 상기 구멍이나 노즐(6)을 동일 유선(Streamline) 상에 놓이게 함으로써 처리대상수와 응집용 약품의 효과적인 혼합을 위한 1차 통과절차가 완성된다. 따라서 오리피스형 정류벽의 열린부분(9)의 수와 응집용 약품공급파이프(5)의 수가 동일하게 되며 오리피스의 열린부분의 폭은 오리피스를 통과할 때 얻고자 하는 유속의 빠르기에 따라 결정한다. 열린부분의 폭이 좁을수록 통과유속은 빨라지는 반면에 손실수두는 커지게 된다. 도 2와 도 3에는 오리피스형 정류벽(8)이 혼화용 수로(1) 바닥면에 수직으로 설치되고 오리피스의 열린부분(9)은 혼화용 수로(1) 바닥면에 대하여 수직으로 형성되어 있는 경우(평면도)를 예시하였다. As can be seen from the principle of the orifice, the orifice-type rectifying wall 8 rapidly reduces the cross section through which the water to be treated flows at right angles, thereby increasing the flow velocity to the narrowed open portion and generating turbulence immediately upon passage. It is to use. In the present invention, the rectifying wall having a plurality of orifice structures is positioned in the same line or front and rear of the hole of the coagulant injection hole 5 of the cartridge type coagulant injection module 3 or the nozzle 6, and the orifice is opened. By placing the part 9 and the hole or nozzle 6 on the same streamline, the first pass procedure for effective mixing of the water to be treated and the flocculating agent is completed. Therefore, the number of the open portions 9 of the orifice-type rectifying wall and the number of the coagulant supply pipes 5 are the same, and the width of the open portion of the orifice is determined according to the speed of the flow rate to be obtained when passing through the orifice. The narrower the opening, the faster the flow velocity, while the larger the head of loss. 2 and 3, an orifice-shaped rectifying wall 8 is installed perpendicular to the bottom of the mixing channel 1, and the open portion 9 of the orifice is formed perpendicular to the bottom of the mixing channel 1. The case (top view) is illustrated.
도 2 및 도 4에 나타낸 바와 같이 우류식혼화모듈(10)은 하나 또는 둘 이상의 단위우류식혼화모듈(11)로 구성되며 도 4에 나타낸 바와 같이 단위우류식혼화모듈(11)은 처리대상수 유입부 쪽은 열려있고(12) 유입부 반대쪽과 옆면(13, 14)은 벽면으로 막힌 구조를 갖는다. “ㄷ”자 형 스테인리스스틸(STS) 강재를 처리대상수가 유입되는 방향으로 세우거나 수평으로 놓는 형상이며 파이프를 길이 방향으로 부분절단한 형상을 사용할 수도 있고 다면체의 모양은 다양할 수 있음은 자명하다. 오리피스형 정류벽(8)의 열린부분(9)를 통과한 응집용 약품이 주입된 처리대상수가 단위우류식혼화모듈(11)의 유입부(12)로 유입되면 빠른 유속의 관성에 의해 유입부 반대쪽 벽면(13)에 강하게 부딪히면서 와류와 난류가 형성되고 급속교반이 일어나면서 응집용 약품과 처리대상수가 혼화된 후 단위우류식혼화모듈 사이(15)를 통과하여 다음 단의 단위우류식혼화모듈(11)로 유입됨을 반복하면서 혼화가 완성된다. 본 발명에서의 혼화장치의 총 체류시간은 1초~10초 정도의 범위가 적당하다. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the wet type mixing module 10 includes one or more unit type type mixing modules 11, and as shown in FIG. 4, the unit type type mixing module 11 is the number of processing targets. The inlet side is open (12) and the opposite side of the inlet side and the side surfaces (13, 14) has a wall-blocked structure. It is obvious that the “c” shaped stainless steel (STS) steel is erected or placed horizontally in the direction of the water to be treated. The pipe may be partially cut in the longitudinal direction, and the shape of the polyhedron may vary. . When the treated object injected with the coagulant drug passing through the open portion 9 of the orifice rectifying wall 8 flows into the inflow portion 12 of the unit flow type mixing module 11, the inflow portion is caused by a high flow rate inertia. Strongly hitting the opposite wall surface 13 forms a vortex and a turbulent flow and rapid stirring occurs after the flocculation chemicals and the water to be treated are mixed between the unit flow hybridization module (15) and the unit flow hybridization module of the next stage ( 11) Mixing is completed by repeating the flow. The total residence time of the admixture in the present invention is preferably in the range of about 1 second to about 10 seconds.
우류식혼화모듈(10)을 구성하는 단위우류식혼화모듈(11)의 높이(16)와 인접한 단위우류식혼화모듈(11)과의 간격(15)에 따라 처리대상수의 우류식혼화모듈 내 통과유속, 수류의 충돌강도, 와류 및 난류의 형성정도, 급속교반 정도가 결정되므로 이의 조절이 가능하다. 또한 단위우류식혼화모듈(11)의 처리대상수 흐름방향으로의 단수(도 2에는 3단)에 따라 혼화지속시간, 혼화정도 및 총 체류시간이 조절된다. According to the height 16 of the unit wet type mixing module 11 constituting the wet type mixing module 10 and the distance 15 between the adjacent unit type type mixing module 11 and the inside of the type of water mixing type module. It is possible to control the flow velocity, the impact strength of the water flow, the degree of formation of vortices and turbulence, and the degree of rapid stirring. In addition, the mixing duration, the degree of mixing and the total residence time are adjusted according to the number of stages (three stages in FIG. 2) in the flow direction of the processing target water of the unit storm type mixing module 11.
카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈(3)의 설치는 개수로(Open channel)에 하는 것이 바람직하나 압력이 있는 관형의 혼화용 수로에 설치하는 경우에는 중력식 응집용 약품주입은 곤란하므로 응집용 약품주입펌프에 상기 응집용약품주입유공파이프를 연결하여 응집용 약품을 처리대상수에 주입할 수 있다. It is preferable to install the cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module 3 in the open channel, but when installing in the tubular mixing channel with pressure, the gravity flocculation chemical injection is difficult, so the flocculation chemical injection pump The flocculation chemical injection hole pipe may be connected to the flocculation chemical to be injected into the water to be treated.
또한, 배경기술에서 소개한 바와 같은 선행의 기계식 혼화방식, 가압수확산에 의한 혼화방식, 인라인 고정식혼화방식, 인라인 기계식혼화방식, 파이프격자형 혼화방식, 파샬플룸, 벤투리미터, 위어 등을 이용한 수류식 혼화방식을 채택하는 혼화설비에 오리피스형 정류벽(8)과 우류식혼화모듈(10)을 조합하여 추가로 장착함으로써 혼화효율을 향상시킨다. 우류식혼화모듈(10)만을 추가로 장착할 수도 있다. In addition, using the preceding mechanical mixing method, the mixing method by the pressurized water diffusion method, the in-line fixed mixing method, the in-line mechanical mixing method, the pipe lattice mixing method, the partial plum, venturi limiter, weir, etc. as introduced in the background art The mixing efficiency adopts the orifice-type rectifying wall 8 and the water-type mixing module 10 in addition to the mixing equipment adopting the water-flow mixing method. Only the wet type mixing module 10 may be additionally installed.
응집용 약품을 2종류 이상 주입할 필요가 있는 경우는 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈(3), 오리피스형 정류벽(8), 우류식혼화모듈(10)로 구성된 혼화장치를 2개 이상 설치하여 각각의 약품을 주입하거나 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈(3)을 2개 이상 설치하고 오리피스형 정류벽(8)과 우류식혼화모듈(10)을 1개씩 설치한다. If more than two types of flocculating chemicals need to be injected, install at least two mixing apparatuses consisting of a cartridge type flocculating chemical injection module (3), an orifice type rectifying wall (8), and a wet mixing module (10). Inject each medicine or install two or more cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module (3) and install the orifice type rectifying wall (8) and the water mixing module (10) one by one.
또한, 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈(3)의 응집용약품주입파이프(5)에 설치된 구멍이나 노즐(6)은 선행 응집제 주입방식에서와 같이 폐색 가능성을 완전히 배제할 수는 없다. 이는 작은 구멍을 응집제가 지속적으로 통과하면서 처리대상수와 최초 접촉하는 부위에 침전물 입자가 달라붙는 자연적 현상으로써 주기적인 점검과 함께 수처리의 중단없이 손쉽게 탈착하여 부착된 침전물을 제거하는 등의 유지관리를 할 수 있어야 한다. 대부분의 선행기술은 이 부분이 매우 취약한 단점이 있으므로 이를 개선하기 위해 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈(3)을 2개 설치하거나 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈 삽입 및 고정 구조물(7) 1개를 추가로 설치해 놓고 예비 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈을 준비하여 기존에 운영중인 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈(3)을 탈착하기 전에 예비 모듈을 부착한 후 운영중인 모듈을 탈착하면 수처리의 중단 없는 유지관리가 가능하다. In addition, the hole or nozzle 6 provided in the flocculation chemical injection pipe 5 of the cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module 3 cannot completely exclude the possibility of clogging as in the prior flocculant injection method. This is a natural phenomenon in which sediment particles adhere to the area where water is first contacted with the flocculant as it continuously passes through small holes.It is a periodic inspection and maintenance such as easy removal and removal of attached deposits without interruption of water treatment. You should be able to. Most of the prior art has a weak point that this part is very weak, in order to improve this, install two cartridge type flocculant injection module (3) or add one cartridge type flocculant injection module and fixing structure (7). After installation, prepare the preliminary cartridge type coagulant injection module and attach the preliminary module before removing the cartridge type coagulant injection module (3). Is possible.
처리대상수의 유량은 여러 가지 요인에 의해 가변적이다. 이러한 시간적 유량변화에 대하여 혼화장치를 통과하는 수위는 일정하게 하거나 조절 가능해야 하며 혼화장치의 통과유속 및 손실수두가 변화하는 것은 어느정도 불가피하다. 패들이나 임펠러의 회전속도를 조절할 수 있는 기계식 혼화장치를 제외하고는 교반강도의 조절은 거의 할 수 없게 되어있다. 일반적으로, 일정교반강도(G값, 300sec-1) 이상이면 혼화효과는 충분한 것으로 알려져 있으므로 혼화장치에서의 교반강도 조절은 하지 않는 경우가 대부분이다. 본 발명에서는 최저유량 또는 최저수위(LWL), 최고유량 또는 최고수위(HWL) 범위에서 혼화장치를 통과하는 수위를 일정하게 하거나 조절이 가능하도록 최저수위를 기준으로 수위조절용 정류벽(17)을 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈(3) 앞에 두되, 탈부착을 손쉽게 하거나 전동식 수문으로 하여 높이조절이 가능한 형태로 설치하였다. The flow rate of the water to be treated varies depending on various factors. For this temporal flow change, the water level passing through the admixture must be constant or adjustable, and it is inevitable that the flow rate and loss head of the admixture change. Except for the mechanical mixing device that can adjust the rotational speed of the paddles or impellers, it is almost impossible to control the agitation strength. In general, the mixing effect is known to be sufficient if the constant stirring strength (G value, 300 sec-1) or more, the stirring strength in the mixing apparatus is not controlled in most cases. In the present invention, the water level control rectifying wall 17 is cartridge based on the lowest water level so that the water level passing through the mixing device in the lowest flow rate or the lowest water level (LWL), the highest flow rate or the highest water level (HWL) is constant or adjustable. In front of the type coagulant injection module (3), it was installed in a form that can be easily attached or detached or height-adjusted by an electric water gate.
다음은 본 발명의 플록형성지에 대하여 도 1, 도 5, 도 6, 도 7 및 도 8을 참조하며 자세히 설명한다. 상수원수 또는 하폐수 중의 콜로이드성 미세입자물질, 인, 미생물, 용존성 유기 및 무기물질 처리를 목적으로 채택하는 침전이나 여과의 효율을 높이기 위해 필요한 크고 무거운 플록(Floc)을 형성하는데 있어서, 최소한의 구조물 크기, 짧은 플록형성시간, 그리고 에너지 절감을 달성하기 위하여 개발된 상수 및 하폐수 처리용 플록형성지로서, 처리대상수는 혼화장치로부터 플록형성을 위한 반응조 즉 플록형성지(Flocculation basin)로 유입된다. 처리대상수의 특성과 처리목표 수질에 따라 응집제를 투여하지 않고 처리대상수를 직접 플록형성지(Flocculation basin)로 유입시킬 수도 있다. Next, the floc forming paper of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8. Minimal structure to form large and heavy flocs necessary for increasing the efficiency of sedimentation or filtration adopted for the treatment of colloidal microparticles, phosphorus, microorganisms, dissolved organic and inorganic substances in drinking water or sewage water. As a flocculent for constant and sewage treatment, which has been developed to achieve size, short flocculization time, and energy saving, the treated water flows from the mixing apparatus into a reactor for floc formation, or floculation basin. Depending on the nature of the water to be treated and the target water quality, the water to be treated may be directly introduced into the floculation basin without administering a flocculant.
도 1 및 도 5에 예시한 바와 같이 본 발명의 전체구조체인 플록형성지(18)는 여과식플록형성모듈(19), 우류식교반플록형성모듈(20), 상향층류식플록형성모듈(21), 기계식교반플록형성모듈(22)을 선택적으로 조합하여 구성된다. 상기 플록형성모듈 내에서 일어나는 플록형성기작(Flocculation mechanism)은 각기 다른 특성을 가지고 있으므로 플록을 점차 크게 만들어야 한다는 원칙에 부합되도록 배치한다. As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 5, the floc forming paper 18, which is the overall structure of the present invention, includes a filtration floc forming module 19, a wet stir floc forming module 20, and an upward laminar flow floc forming module 21. ), A mechanical stirring floc forming module 22 is selectively combined. The floculation mechanism occurring in the floc forming module has different characteristics and is arranged in accordance with the principle of making the floc gradually larger.
여과식플록형성모듈(19)은 필터스펀지, 스펀지, 모래, 안스라사이트, 입상활성탄, 인공경량사, 폴리에틸렌 펠렛, 에이비에스수지 펠렛, 부직포, 섬유사, 극세사 직물, 폴리에스터솜, 목화솜, 초극세사섬유, 다겹방충망 등 다양한 여재 중 하나 또는 둘 이상을 조합하여 구성한다. 일반적인 수처리용 여과지에서와 같이 미세입자의 여재표면에의 부착 및 탈착, 여재 공극에서의 억류 및 이탈이 반복되면서 점진적 파과(Breakthrough)가 진행된다. 깨끗한 여과수를 얻고자하는 여과지에서는 파과에 따른 수질 저하시 역세척(Backwashing)을 수행하여 여재 내에 억류된 플록(Floc)을 세척하고 다시 여과를 진행하지만, 본 발명의 여과식플록형성모듈(19)에서는 플록의 제거가 목적이 아니라 미세입자를 플록으로 형성시키면서 파과를 유도하는 것이 목적이다. 따라서, 여재의 공극이 너무 작거나 또는 여재의 입경이 너무 작은 경우, 그리고 여재층의 두께가 너무 크면 플록의 파과 이전에 플록에 의한 공극의 막힘현상으로 손실수두가 과대해져 구조물의 높이가 증가하게 되므로 바람직하지 않다. The filter-type floc forming module 19 includes: filter sponge, sponge, sand, anthracite, granular activated carbon, artificial lightweight yarn, polyethylene pellets, ABS resin pellets, nonwoven fabric, fiber yarn, microfiber fabric, polyester cotton, cotton wool, Composed of one or two or more of a variety of media such as microfiber, multi-layered insect screen. As in the general filter paper for water treatment, gradual breakthrough proceeds as the fine particles are attached and detached to the media surface, the detention and separation from the media pores are repeated. In the filter paper to obtain clean filtered water, backwashing is performed when the water quality decreases due to breakthrough to wash the floc retained in the filter medium, and then perform filtration again. However, the filtered floc forming module 19 of the present invention is performed. Is not intended to remove flocs, but to induce breakthrough while forming fine particles into flocs. Therefore, if the gap of the media is too small or the particle size of the media is too small, and the thickness of the media is too large, the loss head becomes excessive due to clogging of the void by the floc before the breakage of the floc, resulting in an increase in the height of the structure. This is undesirable.
이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위해 여재층의 두께는 5~20cm 정도면 충분하며 상향류의 경우 여과식플록형성모듈(19)의 아래쪽에는 공극이 작은 여재를 그리고 위쪽에는 공극이 상대적으로 큰 여재를 조합하여 배치함으로써 미세입자의 부착효율을 증대시킴과 동시에 여과식플록형성모듈(19)을 상향으로 통과하는 동안 더 큰 플록(Floc)이 형성될 수 있도록 할 수 있다. In order to overcome this problem, the thickness of the media layer is sufficient to be about 5 to 20 cm, and in the case of upflow, the media having a small pore at the bottom of the filtration floc forming module 19 and the media having a relatively large pore at the top are combined. The arrangement may increase the adhesion efficiency of the microparticles and at the same time allow a larger floc to be formed while passing upward through the filtered floc forming module 19.
우류식교반플록형성모듈(20)은 하나 또는 둘 이상의 단위우류식교반플록형성모듈(26)로 구성된다. 도 6 및 도 7에 나타낸 바와 같이 단위우류식교반플록형성모듈(26)의 구조는 처리대상수 유입부 쪽은 열려있고 유입부 반대쪽은 벽면형태로 막혀있으며, 옆면은 부분적으로 열려있는 다면체형 또는 절단파이프형 등의 구조를 가짐으로써 처리대상수가 다음 단위우류식교반플록형성모듈(26)이나 다음단계의 플록형성모듈(21, 22)로 흐르는 통로역할을 하게 된다. 즉, 유입부에서 빠른 유속으로 단위우류식교반플록형성모듈(26) 내로 진입한 처리대상수는 1차적으로 벽면에 부딪히면서 와류(Eddy)가 형성되고 이 과정에서 교반이 일어나 입자간의 충돌을 유발하게 되고 플록이 형성된 후 옆면을 통하여 빠져나가는 구조이다. The wet stir flock forming module 20 is composed of one or more unit wet stir flock forming modules 26. 6 and 7, the structure of the unit flow type stirring floc forming module 26 has a polyhedron shape in which the inflow side of the water to be treated is open and the opposite side of the inflow is blocked in a wall form, and the side surface is partially open. By having a structure such as a cut pipe type, the object to be treated serves as a passage that flows to the next unit flow type stirring floc forming module 26 or the next floc forming modules 21 and 22. That is, the treated object water entering the unit flow type stirring floc forming module 26 at a high flow rate at the inlet part first hits the wall and forms eddy currents, and agitation occurs in this process to cause collision between particles. After the floc is formed and exits through the side.
도 5에 나타낸 바와 같이 우류식교반플록형성모듈(20)에서 단위우류식교반플록형성모듈(26)을 여러층으로 구성하면 플록형성이 매우 효과적이다. 처리대상수가 처음 유입되는 층의 단위우류식교반플록형성모듈(26)간의 간격은 좁게 하고 단위우류식교반플록형성모듈(26)의 높이는 작게하며, 흐름방향의 다음층으로 갈수록 상기 간격을 넓게하고 상기 높이를 크게 하므로써 흐름방향의 뒤쪽으로 갈수록 처리대상수의 모듈 내 실제유속, 와류형성정도와 교반강도를 점진적으로 작아지도록 하므로써 흐름이 진행될수록 기 생성된 플록이 깨지지 않도록 한다.  As shown in FIG. 5, when the unit type stirring floc forming module 26 is configured in multiple layers, the floc forming is very effective. The interval between the unit flow type stirring floc forming module 26 of the layer into which the treated water is first introduced is narrowed, and the height of the unit flow type stirring floc forming module 26 is small, and the gap is widened toward the next layer in the flow direction. By increasing the height, the actual flow rate, vortex formation degree, and agitation strength in the module of the water to be treated gradually become smaller toward the rear of the flow direction so that the generated floc is not broken as the flow progresses.
도 1, 도 5 및 도 8에 나타낸 바와 같이 상향층류식플록형성모듈(21)은 플록형성지 내의 빈공간의 일정거리를 처리대상수가 상향류로 흐르면서 플록의 크기나 밀도의 차이에 따른 상승속도 차이에 의해 충돌을 일으켜 플록이 커지는 원리를 이용한 것이다. 입자나 플록의 침강속도는 질량에 비례하므로 큰 플록일수록 침강속도는 빠르게 된다. 본 발명의 상향층류식플록형성모듈(21)에서는 상향류로 흐르기 때문에 작은 플록의 상승속도는 빠르게 되고 큰 플록의 상승속도는 느리게 되는 특징이 있다.  As shown in Figs. 1, 5 and 8, the upward laminar flow floc forming module 21 is a rising speed according to a difference in the size or density of the floc while the object to be flowed upward in a certain distance of the empty space in the floc forming region. It is based on the principle that the floc is large due to the collision caused by the difference. The settling velocity of particles or flocs is proportional to the mass, so the larger the floc, the faster the settling velocity. In the upward laminar flow floc forming module 21 of the present invention, the rising speed of a small floc is increased and the rising speed of a large floc is slow because it flows upward.
도 5 및 도 8에 나타낸 바와 같이 기계식교반플록형성모듈(22)은 속도조절이 가능한 모터에 수직축 또는 수평축이 연결되고 패들(Paddle)을 포함한 다양한 형태의 교반기가 수직 또는 수평으로 구성된다. 교반기가 회전하면서 교반강도(G값)를 유발하고 입자간의 충돌이 일어나 플록이 형성된다. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 8, the mechanical stirring floc forming module 22 is connected to a vertical axis or a horizontal axis to a speed adjustable motor, and various types of agitators including paddles are configured vertically or horizontally. As the stirrer rotates, it induces agitation strength (G value) and collisions between particles form flocs.
다음은 여과식플록형성모듈(19), 우류식교반플록형성모듈(20), 상향층류식플록형성모듈(21), 기계식교반플록형성모듈(22)의 바람직한 조합 및 배치에 대하여 기술한다. 먼저 여과식플록형성모듈(19)에 대하여 플록형성기작에 기초하여 기술한다. 모든 미세입자는 여재내의 공극을 반드시 통과해야 하므로 미세입자간의 충돌 효율은 우수한 반면 공극크기 등의 제한으로 인하여 아주 큰 플록을 형성하는데는 한계가 있다. 따라서, 혼화지로부터 유입되는 맨 첫단계에 여과식플록형성모듈(19)을 배치하는 것이 바람직하다. 우류식교반플록형성모듈(20)은 단위우류식교반플록형성모듈(26)의 크기, 개수, 층수 그리고 형성시키고자 하는 플록(Floc)의 크기를 자유롭게 조절할 수 있으므로 단독 또는 타 플록형성모듈과 조합(하이브리드)하여 사용할 수 있다.  The following describes the preferred combination and arrangement of the filtration floc forming module 19, the storm stir floc forming module 20, the upward laminar floc forming module 21, and the mechanical stir floc forming module 22. FIG. First, the filtration floc forming module 19 will be described based on the floc forming mechanism. Since all the fine particles must pass through the pores in the media, the collision efficiency between the fine particles is excellent, but there is a limit to forming a very large floc due to the limitation of the pore size. Therefore, it is preferable to arrange the filtration floc forming module 19 at the first stage flowing from the mixed paper. The stirrer-type floc forming module 20 can freely adjust the size, number, layers, and size of the floc to be formed. (Hybrid) can be used.
상향층류식플록형성모듈(21)은 층류(Laminar flow)라는 흐름특성상 입자간의 충돌 효율은 상대적으로 낮은 편이므로 플록형성지 내에서 수위유지 등을 위한 빈공간이 있을 경우 적용하면 플록형성에 기여할 수 있다. Since the collision efficiency between particles is relatively low due to the flow characteristic of laminar flow, the upward laminar flow floc forming module 21 can contribute to floc formation if there is an empty space for maintaining the water level in the floc forming area. have.
기계식교반플록형성모듈(22)은 입자간의 충돌효율은 뛰어나나 에너지가 많이 소모되므로 마지막 단계에서 최소한의 숫자로 배치하는 것이 바람직하다. 침전수질목표와 플록의 침강특성 등을 고려하여 기계식교반플록형성모듈(22)은 생략할 수 있다.Mechanical stirring floc forming module 22 is excellent in the collision efficiency between the particles but consumes a lot of energy, it is preferable to arrange the minimum number in the last step. The mechanical stirring floc forming module 22 may be omitted in consideration of the sediment quality target and the flocculation characteristics.
다음은 침전, 여과 및 자외선 소독의 복합기능이 수행될 수 있도록 고안된 하이브리드 여과지에 대하여 도 1, 도 9 및 도 10를 참조하며 상세히 설명한다. 처리대상수를 응집제 투여 없이 그대로 침전 또는 여과할 수 있으나, 이 경우 침전이나 여과 효율이 낮으며, 혼화지(Rapid mixing tank)에서 응집제를 투여하면서 급속교반(Rapid mixing)한 후 입자상 물질을 침전(Sedimentation)하기 쉬운 큰 플록(Floc)으로 만들기 위해 플록형성지(Flocculation basin)를 거친다. 플록(Floc)이 형성되면 후속 침전지(Sedimentation basin)에서 대부분의 큰 플록(Floc)은 제거되고 잔류 미세플록이나 입자상 물질은 후속 여과지(Filter)에서 여과제거 됨으로써 탁도(Turbidity)에 관한 처리 목표수질이 달성된다. 여과, 침전, 자외선 소독 기능을 갖춘 본 발명의 장치에 유입되는 처리대상수의 공급원으로는 원수, 혼화지(Rapid mixing tank), 플록형성지(Flocculation basin), 침전지(Sedimentation basin) 유출수 등이며 처리대상 원수의 수질과 처리목표 수질에 따라 선택한다. Next, a hybrid filter paper designed to perform a combination function of precipitation, filtration, and ultraviolet disinfection will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1, 9, and 10. The treated water can be precipitated or filtered as it is without administering a flocculant, but in this case, the precipitation or filtration efficiency is low, and the particulate matter is precipitated after rapid mixing while administering a flocculant in a rapid mixing tank. Flocculation basin is used to make large flocs that are easy to sedimentation. Once flocs are formed, most of the large flocs are removed from the subsequent sedimentation basin and residual microflocs or particulate matter are filtered off from the subsequent filter, thereby reducing the target water quality for turbidity. Is achieved. Sources of the treated water flowing into the apparatus of the present invention with filtration, sedimentation, and ultraviolet disinfection functions include raw water, rapid mixing tanks, floculation basin, sedimentation basin effluent, and the like. Select according to the quality of water and target water quality.
도 1, 도 9 및 도 10에 예시한 바와 같이 본 발명의 전체 구조체인 여과지(27)는 여재층(28), 여재층 하부공간(29), 여재층 상부공간(30)으로 구분된다. As illustrated in FIGS. 1, 9, and 10, the filter paper 27, which is the overall structure of the present invention, is divided into a media layer 28, a media layer lower space 29, and a media layer upper space 30.
상기 여재층 하부공간(29)의 처리대상수 유입구로 처리대상수가 유입되면 여재층 하부공간(29)에 하나 또는 둘 이상을 조합하여 구성된 횡류식 침전지(31), 다단 수평판 침전지(40), 경사판 침전지(32), 경사관 침전지(32)를 거치면서 수중의 플록이 상당부분 침전 제거된다. When the treatment object water is introduced into the treatment object water inlet of the filter medium lower space 29, a cross-flow sedimentation basin 31, a multi-stage horizontal plate settler 40, which is formed by combining one or two or more of the filter media lower space 29, The floc in the water passes through the inclined plate settler 32, the inclined tube settler 32, and is removed.
다단 수평판 침전지(31)의 경사각은 0˚이며 경사판 침전지나 경사관 침전지의 경사각은 60˚보다 작게한다. 수평으로 갈수록 침전 제거 효율이 우수함은 자명하다. 기존의 선행기술에서는 경사판에 침전 퇴적된 슬러지가 중력 하향으로 미끄러져 경사판 침전지 하부공간으로 낙하되는 원리를 이용하고 있으므로 60˚보다 작게 되면 미끄러지지 않게 되어 슬러지를 제거할 방법이 없게 된다. 그러나 본 발명에서는 세척수를 이용하여 세척하는 원리를 이용하므로 경사각은 제한 받지 않는다. 단, 경사판의 간격이나 경사관의 직경은 침전 슬러지의 퇴적심도 및 세척 시 손실수두 최소화를 위해 2㎝ 이상으로 한다. The inclination angle of the multi-stage horizontal plate settler 31 is 0 degrees and the inclination angle of the inclined plate settler or the inclined tube settler is less than 60 degrees. Obviously, the greater the level, the better the sediment removal efficiency. In the conventional prior art, since the sludge deposited on the inclined plate slides down gravity and falls into the space below the inclined plate sedimentation basin, when the sludge is smaller than 60 °, there is no way to remove the sludge. However, since the present invention uses the principle of washing using the washing water, the inclination angle is not limited. However, the spacing of the inclined plate or the diameter of the inclined tube is 2 cm or more for the depth of sedimentation sludge and the minimization of head loss during washing.
다음엔 여재층(28)에 대하여 구체적으로 설명한다. 본 발명에서의 여재층(28)을 구성하는 여재의 종류는 제한받지 않는다. 필터 스펀지(Filter sponge), 스펀지(Sponge), 모래, 안스라사이트, 입상활성탄, 인공경량사, 폴리에틸렌 펠렛(PE pellet), 에이비에스 수지 펠렛(ABS pellet), 부직포, 섬유사, 극세사 직물, 폴리에스터솜, 목화솜, 아크릴섬유, 초극세사 섬유, 다겹 방충망(Mesh)과 같은 여재를 하나 또는 둘 이상을 조합하여 쌓아 여재층을 구성할 수 있다. 필터 스펀지, 스펀지와 같은 여재는 여재를 블록(Block)모양으로 재단하여 간단한 지지구조물(38) 위에 올려놓음 으로써 여재층이 구성되고 모래, 폴리에틸렌 펠렛과 같은 입상여재는 얇은 두께의 필터 스펀지 위에 일정 두께로 포설함으로써 하부집수장치 없이 여재층 구성이 가능하도록 한다. 여재층(28)은 여과지(27) 전체 면적에 대하여 빈틈없이 수평으로 설치한다. 이는 여과가 진행되는 동안 여재 이외에 빈 공간 또는 틈이 있을 경우 물의 흐름이 우회하는 단락류가 발생하여 처리수질 저하가 일어나게 되기 때문이다. 상기 여재층 하부공간(29)에 구성된 침전지를 거친 처리대상수가 상향류 방식으로 흐르면서 여과(Filtration)가 이루어져 처리대상수 중의 입자상 물질이나 플록(Floc)이 추가적으로 제거되면서 처리목표 수질을 달성한다. 여재층(28)의 두께는 여재의 종류과 처리대상수 및 처리목표 수질에 따라 달라질 수 있으나 하향류식 세척 시 손실수두를 최소화해야 세척유속의 극대화가 가능하므로 수 ㎝~수 십 ㎝ 정도가 적절하다. 전술한 바와 같이 세척수의 균등공급이나 공기세척 문제는 없으므로 하향류 입상여재 사용 시 필요한 고가의 하부집수장치는 본 발명에서는 불필요하다. Next, the mediator layer 28 is demonstrated concretely. The kind of the media which comprises the media layer 28 in this invention is not restrict | limited. Filter sponge, sponge, sand, anthracite, granular activated carbon, artificial lightweight yarn, polyethylene pellets, ABS pellets, nonwoven fabric, fiber yarn, microfiber fabric, poly Media such as ester cotton, cotton wool, acrylic fibers, microfiber fibers, mesh (Mesh) can be stacked by combining one or two or more media to form a media layer. Filter media such as filter sponges and sponges are formed by cutting the media into block shapes and placing them on a simple support structure 38 so that the media layer is formed. The granular media such as sand and polyethylene pellets have a certain thickness on a thin filter sponge. By laying it as possible, it is possible to configure the filter bed without the bottom collecting device. The filter medium layer 28 is installed horizontally with respect to the whole area of the filter paper 27. This is because, if there are empty spaces or gaps in addition to the media during filtration, short-circuit flows in which the water flow is diverted occur, resulting in deterioration of treated water quality. Filtration is performed while the treated water flowing through the sedimentation basin formed in the filter medium lower space 29 flows in an upflow manner, thereby additionally removing particulate matter or floc in the treated water to achieve the target water quality. The thickness of the filter media layer 28 may vary depending on the type of filter media, the number of treatment targets, and the target water quality. However, several centimeters to tens of centimeters are appropriate because the maximum head flow rate is maximized when the loss head is minimized during downflow cleaning. As described above, there is no problem of equal supply of washing water or air washing, and thus, an expensive lower collecting device required when using the downflow particulate material is unnecessary in the present invention.
여재층 상부공간(30)에서는 처리수의 저류 및 배출, 세척수 확보, 세척시 수압 및 세척유속 제공, 시동방수(Filter to waste), 자외선 소독(Ultraviolet radiation disinfection, UV disinfection)과 같은 복합기능이 수행된다. 처리수 배출구(34)의 높이가 처리수의 월류 배출 수위가 되면서 처리수 저류량을 결정하고 이 처리수 저류량이 세척시 세척수량이 된다. 또한 처리수 배출구(34)가 높을수록 세척시 여재층(28)과 여재층 하부공간(29)에 구성된 침전지(31, 32, 40)에 가하는 압력과 세척유속이 크게 된다. 처리수 저류량에 따라 처리수의 여재층 상부공간(30)에서의 체류시간이 결정되고 이 체류시간이 자외선 램프(35)에 의한 자외선 조사시간이 된다. 따라서 상기 처리수 배출구(34)의 높낮이를 조절함으로써 처리수 저류량, 세척수 확보량, 세척시 수압 및 세척유속, 자외선 소독을 위한 자외선 조사시간이 조절될 수 있는 특징이 있다. 여재를 세척한 후에 여과를 재개할 때 일시적으로 여과수의 수질은 악화된다. 이는 세척 시 여재층에 잔류하는 소량의 플록이 여과 초기에 유출되기 때문이다. 따라서, 세척 후 초기 여과수를 배출하여 버리도록 하기 위하여 시동방수구(Filter to waste valve)(41)를 여재층 상부와 처리수 배출구(34) 사이에 설치하고 세척 후 시동방수 필요 시 시동방수구(41)를 개방하고 처리대상수의 여과를 진행하면 처리수가 처리수 배출구(34)로 유출되지 않고 시동방수구로 배출되므로 시동방수가 편리하게 이루어진다. 시동방수가 종료된 후에 시동방수구를 폐쇄하면 여과수는 자동적으로 처리수 배출구(34)로 유출된다. In the upper space 30 of the filter media layer, complex functions such as storage and discharge of treated water, securing washing water, providing water pressure and washing flow rate during cleaning, filter to waste, and ultraviolet radiation disinfection and UV disinfection are performed. do. As the height of the treated water outlet 34 becomes the monthly discharge level of the treated water, the treated water storage amount is determined, and the treated water storage amount becomes the washing water amount when washing. In addition, the higher the treated water outlet 34, the greater the pressure and washing flow rate applied to the settling basins 31, 32, and 40 formed in the filter medium layer 28 and the filter medium layer lower space 29 during washing. The residence time in the upper space 30 of the media layer of the treated water is determined according to the amount of treated water stored, and this residence time is the ultraviolet irradiation time by the ultraviolet lamp 35. Therefore, by adjusting the height of the treated water outlet 34, the amount of treated water storage, the amount of washing water secured, the water pressure and washing flow rate during washing, and the ultraviolet irradiation time for ultraviolet disinfection may be controlled. Temporarily deteriorating the water quality of the filtrate when filtration is resumed after washing the media. This is because a small amount of floc remaining in the filter media flows out at the beginning of the filtration upon washing. Therefore, in order to discharge the initial filtered water after washing, a filter to waste valve 41 is installed between the upper portion of the filter bed and the treated water outlet 34, and when the starting water is required after washing, the starting drain 41 Opening and proceeding the filtration of the water to be treated, since the treated water is not discharged to the treated water outlet 34, but discharged to the starting drain, it is convenient to start the waterproof. When the start drain is closed after the start water is finished, the filtered water is automatically discharged to the treated water outlet 34.
다음은 세척에 대하여 상세히 설명한다. 수처리가 진행되면서 여재층(28)과 여재층 하부공간(29)에 구성된 침전지(31, 32, 40)에 억류되거나 퇴적된 플록이나 플록 덩어리, 즉 슬러지(Sludge)를 주기적으로 세척, 배출함으로써 침전과 여과기능이 회복된다. 이를 위하여 여재층 하부공간(29) 바닥이나 옆면에 밸브(36)나 수문을 설치하고 세척 시 이 밸브나 수문을 동시에 빠른 속도로 개방함으로써 여재층 상부공간에 저류된 처리수를 중력에 의한 자연유하 방식의 하향류로 여재층(28) 사이를 빠르게 흐르도록 하여 즉, 여재팽창 없는 비팽창 세척방식으로 여재층에 억류된 플록을 탈리, 세척하여 여재층 하부공간(39)으로 이동시키고, 여재층 하부공간(29)에 구성된 침전지(31, 32, 40)에 쌓인 슬러지를 동시에 세척하면서 개방된 밸브(36)나 수문을 통하여 여과지(27) 외부로 배출하고 이 배출된 세척수 및 슬러지는 배수조(37)를 통하여 슬러지 처리조로 가게 된다. 본 발명은 여과지 세척시마다 여과지(27) 내 물의 전체 또는 일부를 슬러지와 함께 배출시키는 구조적 특징이 있다. 상기 밸브(36)나 수문은 전동개폐식으로 하여 세척 시 통제장치를 이용하여 동시에 빠른 속도로 일시에 개방하면 빠른 세척유속이 효과적으로 달성된다. 예로, 수심 수 십 ㎝의 수체를 자유낙하할 경우 1초 이내에 배수가 가능하지만 여재층, 밸브, 침전지, 억류된 플록 등에 의한 손실수두(Head loss)에 의해 자유낙하 속도보다는 느리나 여과속도의 수 십 내지는 수 백 배의 하향세척 유속은 쉽게 달성된다. 또한 상기 전동개폐식 밸브나 수문의 개수, 크기, 여닫기 정도를 조절함으로써 세척수의 여재층 통과 유속을 조절한다. 세척유속은 상기 밸브(36)나 수문에 고성능 흡입펌프(39)를 부착하여 증가시킬 수 있다. Next, the washing will be described in detail. As the water treatment proceeds, the floc or floc lumps or sludges detained or deposited in the sedimentation basins 31, 32, and 40 formed in the median layer 28 and the lower layer 29 of the medial layer are periodically washed and discharged. And filtration function is restored. To this end, by installing a valve 36 or a water gate at the bottom or side of the lower layer of the median layer 29 and opening the valve or the gate at a high speed at the time of washing, the treated water stored in the upper layer of the median layer is naturally discharged by gravity. It flows quickly between the media layers 28 by the downward flow of the method, that is, the flocs detained in the media layer by the non-expansion cleaning method without media expansion, detached and washed to move to the media layer lower space 39, media layer Simultaneously washing the sludge accumulated in the sedimentation basins 31, 32, and 40 constituted in the lower space 29 and discharging it to the outside of the filter paper 27 through an open valve 36 or a water gate, and the discharged washing water and sludge are drained ( 37) to the sludge treatment tank. The present invention has a structural feature that discharges all or part of the water in the filter paper 27 together with the sludge every time the filter paper is washed. When the valve 36 or the sluice is opened and closed at a high speed at the same time by using a control device at the time of the electric opening and closing, the fast cleaning flow rate is effectively achieved. For example, if a water body of several ten centimeters free falls, it can be drained within 1 second, but it is slower than the free fall speed due to head loss caused by media layers, valves, settling basins, and detained flocs. Downwash flow rates of ten to several hundred times are easily achieved. In addition, by adjusting the number, size, opening and closing degree of the electro-opening valve or the sluice to regulate the flow rate of the media layer of the wash water. The cleaning flow rate may be increased by attaching a high performance suction pump 39 to the valve 36 or the hydrologic gate.

Claims (19)

  1. 수위조절용 정류벽, 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈, 오리피스형 정류벽, 우류식 Water level control rectifier wall, cartridge type coagulant injection module, orifice type rectifier wall, right type
    혼화모듈로 구성된 혼화장치, 여과식플록형성모듈, 우류식교반플록형성모듈, 상향층류식플록형성모듈, 기계식교반플록형성모듈로 구성된 플록형성지, 침전지, 여재층, 여재층상부공간, 세척용 밸브로 구성된 하이브리드여과지가 형성되고, 상기 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈을 통하여 처리대상수에 응집용 약품이 주입되면 주입된 응집용 약품과 처리대상수는 오리피스형 정류벽을 통과하면서 유속이 더욱 빨라진 상태로 우류식혼화모듈로 진입한 후 우류식혼화모듈 내에서 발생하는 수류의 충돌, 와류 및 난류를 통하여 혼화가 이루어지며, 상기 플록형성지를 처리대상수가 통과함에 따라 처리대상수에 함유된 미세입자의 플록화를 촉진시키면서 플록이 점차 커지도록 하고, 상기 침전지에서 플록이나 입자상 물질이 침전제거된 후 처리대상수가 여재층을 통과하면서 처리대상수 중의 플록이나 입자상물질이 추가적으로 제거되며, 상기 여재층 상부공간에서는 처리수 저류 및 배출, 세척수 확보, 세척 시 수압 및 세척유속 제공, 시동방수, 자외선소독과 같은 복합기능이 수행되고, 세척 시에는 상기 여재층 하부공간 바닥이나 옆면에 설치된 세척용 밸브나 수문의 동시 개방을 통하여 여재층 상부공간에 저류된 처리수를 중력에 의한 자연유하 방식Admixture composed of admixture module, filtration floc forming module, upflow stir floculation module, upflow laminar floc forming module, floc forming paper consisting of mechanical stir floc forming module, sedimentation basin, media layer, upper media layer space, washing The hybrid filter paper formed of a valve is formed, and when the coagulant drug is injected into the water to be treated through the cartridge type coagulant injection module, the injected coagulant and the water to be treated flow through the orifice-type rectifying wall, thereby increasing the flow velocity. After entering the milk mixing module in the state, the mixing occurs through collision, vortex and turbulence of the water flow generated in the milk mixing module, and the fine particles contained in the water to be treated as the floc forming water passes. The floc gradually increases while promoting flocculation of the flocculant, and the floc or particulate matter is precipitated and removed from the sedimentation basin. The floc or particulate matter in the water to be treated is additionally removed while passing through the filter media layer.In the upper space of the filter media layer, complex functions such as storage and discharge of the treated water, securing the wash water, providing water pressure and cleaning flow rate during cleaning, starting waterproofing, and UV disinfection When the washing is carried out, a natural flow method by gravity of the treated water stored in the upper layer of the media layer layer through the simultaneous opening of the valve or the water gate installed on the bottom or side of the lower layer of the media layer layer
    의 하향류로 여재층 사이를 빠르게 흐르도록 함으로써, 여재층에 억류된 플록을 여재 비팽창 세척방식으로 탈리, 세척하여 여재층 하부공간으로 이동시키고, 여재층 하부공간에 구성된 상기 침전지에 쌓인 슬러지를 동시에 세척하여 여과지 세척시마다 여과지 내 물의 전체 또는 일부를 슬러지와 함께 배출시키는 구조적 특징을 갖는 상수 및 하폐수 처리장치.By rapidly flowing between the media layers in a downward flow of the, the floc detained in the media layer is removed and washed by the media non-expansion washing method to move to the media layer lower space, sludge accumulated in the sedimentation basin configured in the media layer below A constant and sewage treatment apparatus having a structural feature that simultaneously washes and discharges all or part of the water in the filter paper with sludge every time the filter paper is washed.
  2. 제 1항에 있어서, The method of claim 1,
    상기 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈은 상부에 응집용약품저류조와 하부에 응집용약품주입유공파이프가 일체화 되어 혼화용 수로 구조체에 삽입식으로 부착 및 탈착이 될 수 있도록 카트리지형으로 제작되며, 응집용 약품은 응집용 약품저장탱크로부터 응집용약품저류조로 유입된 후 중력에 의해 응집용약품주입유공파이프로 이동하고 응집용약품주입유공파이프에 설치된 구멍이나 노즐을 통하여 응집용 약품이 응집용약품주입유공파이프 주변을 흐르는 처리대상수에 골고루 주입되는 구조를 갖는 상수 및 하폐수 처리장치.The cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module is manufactured in a cartridge type so that the flocculation chemical storage tank at the top and the flocculation chemical injection hole pipe at the bottom are integrated to be attached and detached to the mixing channel structure. The chemicals flow into the flocculation chemical storage tank from the flocculation chemical storage tank and then move to the flocculation chemical injection hole pipe by gravity and the flocculation chemical injection oil flows through the holes or nozzles installed in the flocculation chemical injection hole pipe. Water and sewage treatment apparatus having a structure that is evenly injected into the treated water flowing around the pipe.
  3. 제 1항 또는 제 2항에 있어서, The method according to claim 1 or 2,
    상기 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈을 구성하는 응집용약품주입유공파이프는 혼화용 수로 구조체의 바닥면에 대하여 수직 또는 수평으로 설치되며, 응집용약품주입유공파이프에 설치되는 구멍이나 노즐의 크기는 혼화용 수로 내를 흐르는 처리대상수에 응집용 약품이 균등한 농도로 주입될 수 있도록 수심 및 혼화용 수로의 벽체로부터의 이격거리에 따라 결정되는 구조적 특징을 갖는 상수 및 하폐수 처리장치.The flocculation chemical injection pipes constituting the cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module are installed vertically or horizontally with respect to the bottom surface of the mixing channel structure, and the size of the holes or nozzles installed in the flocculation chemical injection pipes is mixed. An apparatus for treating wastewater and sewage water having structural features determined according to the separation distance from the wall of the water channel and the mixing channel so that the flocculating chemicals can be injected at equal concentrations into the treated water flowing in the water channel.
  4. 제 1항에 있어서, The method of claim 1,
    상기 오리피스형 정류벽의 열린부분은 혼화용 수로 구조체의 바닥면에 대하여 평행 또는 수직으로 형성되며 응집용약품주입유공파이프와 동일선상 또는 전후방에 설치됨으로써 상기 열린부분의 수와 응집용약품주입유공파이프의 수가 동일하게 되고, 오리피스의 열린부분의 폭은 오리피스를 통과할 때 얻고자하는 유속의 빠르기에 따라 결정되는 구조적 특징을 갖는 상수 및 하폐수 처리장치.The open part of the orifice-type rectifying wall is formed parallel or perpendicular to the bottom surface of the mixing channel structure, and is installed in the same line as or forward and backward with the coagulant injection hole pipe, so that the number of the open part and the coagulant injection hole pipe are formed. A constant and sewage treatment apparatus having structural features determined by the same number of times, and the width of the open portion of the orifice being determined by the speed of the flow rate to be obtained when passing through the orifice.
  5. 제 1항에 있어서, The method of claim 1,
    상기 우류식혼화모듈은 하나 또는 둘 이상의 단위우류식혼화모듈로 구성되며, 단위우류식혼화모듈은 처리대상수 유입부 쪽은 열려있고 유입부 반대쪽과 옆면은 막혀있는 벽면으로 구성되고, 오리피스형 정류벽의 열린부분을 빠른 유속으로 통과한 응집용 약품이 주입된 처리대상수가 단위우류식혼화모듈로 유입되면 단위우류식혼화모듈의 유입부 반대쪽 벽면에 강하게 부딪히면서 와류와 난류가 형성되고 급속교반이 일어나면서 응집용 약품과 처리대상수가 혼화된 후 단위우류식혼화모듈 사이를 통과하여 다음 단의 단위우류식혼화모듈로 유입됨을 반복하는 구조적 특징을 갖는 상수 및 하폐수 처리장치.The milk mixing module is composed of one or more unit milk mixing module, the unit mixing type is composed of a wall surface that is open to the inlet side of the water to be treated, the opposite side and the side surface is blocked, orifice type rectification When the treated water injected with the flocculating chemicals passing through the open part of the wall at high flow rate flows into the unit type mixing module, it strongly hits the wall opposite the inlet of the unit type mixing module, and vortex and turbulence are formed and rapid stirring occurs. And the condensation agent and the treated water are mixed, and then passed between the unit-class mixing module and flows into the unit-type mixing module of the next stage.
  6. 제 1항 또는 제 5항에 있어서, The method according to claim 1 or 5,
    상기 우류식혼화모듈을 구성하는 단위우류식혼화모듈의 높이와 인접 단위우류식혼화모듈과의 간격에 따라 처리대상수의 우류식혼화모듈 내 통과유속, 수류의 충돌강도, 와류 및 난류의 형성정도 및 급속교반 정도가 결정되며 단위우류식혼화모듈의 처리대상수 흐름방향으로의 단 수에 따라 혼화지속시간 및 혼화정도가 조절되는 구조적 특징을 갖는 상수 및 하폐수 처리장치.Depending on the height of the unit type mixing module constituting the milk type mixing module and the distance between the adjacent unit type mixing type module, the flow velocity of the object to be processed, the collision strength of the water flow, the vortex and turbulence formation degree And a rapid agitation degree, and a constant and sewage water treatment apparatus having a structural feature that adjusts the mixing duration and the degree of mixing according to the number of stages in the flow direction of the water treatment unit of the unit-class mixing module.
  7. 제 1항에 있어서, The method of claim 1,
    상기 오리피스형 정류벽과 우류식혼화모듈을 조합하여, 또는 우류식혼화모듈만을 기계식혼화방식, 가압수확산에 의한 혼화방식, 인라인 고정식혼화방식, 인라인 기계식혼화방식, 파이프격자형 혼화방식, 파샬플룸, 벤투리미터, 위어 등을 이용한 수류식 혼화방식과 같은 혼화방식을 채택하는 혼화설비에 추가로 장착하여 혼화효율을 향상시키는 상수 및 하폐수 처리장치.Combining the orifice type rectifying wall and the wet mixing module, or only the wet mixing module is a mechanical mixing method, a mixing method by pressurized water diffusion, an inline fixed mixing method, an inline mechanical mixing method, a pipe lattice mixing method, a partial plum Water and sewage water treatment system that is additionally installed in the mixing equipment adopting a mixing method such as a water flow mixing method using a ventilometer, a weir, and the like.
  8. 제1항에 있어서, The method of claim 1,
    상기 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈은 응집용약품주입펌프와 응집용약품주입유공파이프로 구성되어 압력이 있는 관형의 혼화용 수로에 응집용 약품주입펌프로 응집용 약품을 주입하는 구조적 특징이 있는 상수 및 하폐수 처리장치.The cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module is composed of a flocculation chemical injection pump and a flocculation chemical injection hole pipe, and has a structural characteristic of injecting a flocculation chemical into a flocculation chemical injection pump into a tubular mixing channel with pressure. And sewage water treatment apparatus.
  9. 제 1항에 있어서, The method of claim 1,
    상기 혼화장치에 응집용 약품을 2종류 이상 주입할 경우 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈, 오리피스형 정류벽, 우류식혼화모듈로 구성된 혼화장치를 2개 이상 연속하여 설치하거나, 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈을 2개 이상 설치하고 오리피스형 정류벽, 우류식혼화모듈을 후단에 설치하며, 수처리의 중단없이 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈을 탈착하고 부착할 경우 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈을 2개 설치하고 오리피스형 정류벽, 우류식혼화모듈을 후단에 설치하거나 카트리지형 응집용약품주입모듈 삽입 및 고정 구조물 1개를 추가로 설치하는 구조적 특징이 있는 상수 및 하폐수 처리장치.When two or more types of flocculating chemicals are injected into the admixture, two or more mixing apparatuses consisting of a cartridge type flocculation chemical injection module, an orifice type rectifying wall and a flow type mixing module are continuously installed, or a cartridge type flocculation chemical injection is performed. Install two or more modules and install the orifice type rectifying wall and the water mixing module in the rear stage.If the cartridge type coagulant injection module is removed and attached without interrupting water treatment, install two cartridge type coagulant injection modules. And orifice type rectifying wall, a storm mixing module installed at the rear end, or a cartridge type coagulant injection module and a fixed structure to install one additional structure.
  10. 제 1항에 있어서, The method of claim 1,
    상기 여과식플록형성모듈은 필터스펀지, 스펀지, 모래, 안스라사이트, 입상활성탄, 인공경량사, 폴리에틸렌펠렛, 에이비에스수지 펠렛, 부직포, 섬유사, 극세사직물, 폴리에스터솜, 목화솜, 초극세사섬유, 다겹 방충망과 같은 여재 중 하나 또는 둘 이상을 조합하여 구성하며, 처리 대상수가 상기 여과식플록형성모듈을 통과할 때 처리대상수에 함유된 미세입자가 상기 여재 표면에 부착 및 탈착을 반복하고, 여재 공극에서 억류 및 이탈을 반복하면서 플록화가 촉진되고 플록의 크기가 점차 커지도록 함으로 특징으로 하는 상수 및 하폐수 처리장치.The filter-type floc forming module is a filter sponge, sponge, sand, anthracite, granular activated carbon, artificial lightweight yarn, polyethylene pellets, ABS resin pellets, nonwoven fabric, fiber yarn, microfiber fabric, polyester cotton, cotton wool, ultra-fine fiber Composed of one or two or more of the filter medium, such as a multi-layer screen, when the treated water passes through the filter-type floc forming module, the fine particles contained in the water to be treated are repeatedly attached to and detached from the surface of the filter medium, A constant and sewage treatment apparatus, characterized in that flocking is promoted and the size of the floc is gradually increased while repeating detention and escape from the media gap.
  11. 제 1항에 있어서, The method of claim 1,
    상기 우류식교반플록형성모듈은 하나 또는 둘 이상의 단위우류식교반플록형성모듈로 구성되며, 상기 단위우류식교반플록형성모듈은 처리대상수 유입부 쪽은 열려있고 유입부 반대쪽은 막혀있는 벽면으로 구성되며 옆면은 처리대상수가 다음 단위우류식교반플록형성모듈이나 다음단계의 플록형성모듈로 흐르는 통로가 되도록 부분열림 구조를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 상수 및 하폐수 처리장치.The wet stir flock forming module is composed of one or more unit wet stir flock forming modules, and the unit flow stir flock forming module is composed of a wall surface in which an inflow side of the water to be treated is opened and the opposite side of the inflow portion is blocked. The side surface is a constant and sewage water treatment apparatus, characterized in that it has a partial opening structure so that the water to be treated flows to the next unit flow type stirring floc forming module or the floc forming module of the next step.
  12. 제 1항 또는 제 11항에 있어서, The method according to claim 1 or 11, wherein
    상기 우류식교반플록형성모듈의 단위우류식교반플록형성모듈에 처리대상수가 유입되면 단위우류식교반플록형성모듈의 유입부 반대쪽 벽면에 부딪히면서 와류가 형성되고 교반이 일어나면서 입자간에 충돌을 유발시켜 플록이 형성된 후 단위우류식교반플록형성모듈의 옆면을 통하여 단위우류식교반플록형성모듈을 빠져나가는 구조적 특징을 갖는 상수 및 하폐수 처리장치.When the water to be treated flows into the unit-type stirring floc forming module of the wet-type stirring floc-forming module, it hits the wall opposite to the inlet of the unit-type stirring floc-forming module and forms a vortex and causes stirring to cause collision between particles. The water and sewage treatment apparatus having a structural feature that exits the unit stirred type floc forming module through the side surface of the unit type stirred floc forming module after the formation.
  13. 제 1항 또는 제 11항에 있어서, The method according to claim 1 or 11, wherein
    상기 우류식교반플록형성모듈의 단위우류식 플록형성모듈을 여러층으로 구성함에 있어서, 처리대상수가 처음 유입되는 층의 단위우류식교반플록형성모듈 간의 간격은 좁게하고 단위우류식교반플록형성모듈의 높이는 작게하며, 흐름방향의 다음 층으로 갈수록 단위우류식교반플록형성모듈간의 간격을 넓게 하고 단위우류식교반플록형성모듈의 높이를 크게 함으로써 흐름 방향의 뒤쪽으로 갈수록 처리대상수의 모듈 내 실제 유속, 와류형성 정도 및 교반 강도가 작아지도록 하는 구조적 특징을 갖는 상수 및 하폐수 처리장치.In configuring the unit flow type floc forming module of the flow type stirring floc forming module in multiple layers, the interval between the unit flow type stirring floc forming module of the layer into which the water to be treated is first introduced is narrowed and the unit flow type mixing floc forming module is formed. The height is small, and the distance between the unit flow type stirring floc forming modules is increased to the next layer in the flow direction, and the height of the unit flow type stirring floc forming module is increased to increase the height of the unit flow type stirring floc forming module. A constant and sewage treatment apparatus having structural features such that the degree of vortex formation and the stirring strength are reduced.
  14. 제 1항에 있어서, The method of claim 1,
    상기 상향 층류식 플록형성모듈은 플록형성지 내 빈 공간의 일정거리를 처리대상수가 상향류로 흐르면서 플록의 크기나 밀도의 차이에 따른 상승속도 차이에 의해 충돌을 일으켜 플록이 커지는 구조적 특징을 갖는 상수 및 하폐수 처리장치.The upward laminar flow floc forming module has a constant structural characteristic in that the floc grows due to the difference in ascending speed depending on the size or density of the floc as the object flows upward through a certain distance of the empty space in the floc forming region. And sewage water treatment apparatus.
  15. 제 1항에 있어서, The method of claim 1,
    상기 기계식교반플록형성모듈은 속도조절이 가능한 모터와 수평축 또는 수직축 교반기로 구성됨을 특징으로 하는 상수 및 하폐수 처리장치.The mechanical stirring floc forming module is a constant and sewage water treatment apparatus, characterized in that the motor is configured with a speed control and horizontal or vertical axis stirrer.
  16. 제 1항에 있어서, The method of claim 1,
    상기 여재층은 필터스펀지, 스펀지, 모래, 안스라사이트, 입상활성탄, 인공경량사, 폴리에틸렌 펠렛, 에이비에스 수지 펠렛, 부직포, 섬유사, 극세사 직물, 폴리에스터솜, 목화솜, 아크릴섬유, 초극세사 섬유, 다겹 방충망과 같은 여재 중 하나 또는 The filter layer is filter sponge, sponge, sand, anthracite, granular activated carbon, artificial lightweight yarn, polyethylene pellets, ABS resin pellets, nonwoven fabric, fiber yarn, microfiber fabric, polyester cotton, cotton wool, acrylic fiber, ultra-fine fiber One of the media, such as a multi-layered screen, or
    둘 이상을 조합하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 상수 및 하폐수 처리장치.Water and sewage treatment apparatus, characterized in that configured by combining two or more.
  17. 제 1항에 있어서, The method of claim 1,
    상기 침전지는 횡류식침전지, 다단수평판침전지, 경사판침전지 중 하나 또는 둘 이상을 조합하여 구성함을 특징으로 하는 상수 및 하폐수 처리장치.The sedimentation basin is a constant flow and sewage treatment device, characterized in that configured by combining one or two or more of the cross-flow type needle battery, multi-stage horizontal plate needle battery, inclined plate needle battery.
  18. 제 1항에 있어서, The method of claim 1,
    상기 세척용 밸브는 하나 또는 둘 이상 설치하고 전동개폐식으로 하여 세척 시 통제장치를 이용하여 동시에 빠른 속도로 개방할 수 있는 구조적 특징을 갖는 상수 및 하폐수 처리장치.The washing valve is a constant and sewage water treatment device having one or more structural features that can be opened at a high speed at the same time by using a control device at the time of cleaning by the electric opening and closing.
  19. 제 1항에 있어서, The method of claim 1,
    상기 시동방수는 여재층 상부와 처리수 배출구 사이의 여재층 상부공간에 구비된 시동방수구를 통하여 이루어짐을 특징으로 하는 상수 및 하폐수 처리장치.The start water and the wastewater treatment system, characterized in that made through the starter is provided in the upper space of the filter medium layer between the upper filter medium and the treated water outlet.
PCT/KR2011/003336 2010-05-06 2011-05-04 Energy-saving natural downflow type of clean-water and sewage/wastewater treatment device WO2011139089A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR10-2010-0042262 2010-05-06
KR1020100042262A KR100990196B1 (en) 2010-05-06 2010-05-06 Hybrid filter for treatment of drinking water and wastewater with easy sludge washing system
KR10-2010-0051520 2010-06-01
KR1020100051520A KR100988474B1 (en) 2010-06-01 2010-06-01 Flocculation basin for treatment of drinking water and wastewater
KR10-2010-0058767 2010-06-21
KR1020100058767A KR100989889B1 (en) 2010-06-21 2010-06-21 Rapid mixing equipment for treatment of drinking water and wastewater

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WO2011139089A3 WO2011139089A3 (en) 2012-04-19
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CN109440912A (en) * 2018-12-17 2019-03-08 宁波市政工程建设集团股份有限公司 A kind of construction site rainwater recycle utilizes method
CN110734143A (en) * 2019-10-28 2020-01-31 福建永前生态环境技术有限公司 Pond ecological water treatment system
US10550018B2 (en) 2015-05-04 2020-02-04 DOOSAN Heavy Industries Construction Co., LTD Media filter having nonpowered mixing and coagulation basin, and seawater desalination plant and dissolved air floatation apparatus using same
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