Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D88/00—Large containers
  • B65D88/26—Hoppers, i.e. containers having funnel-shaped discharge sections
  • B65D88/28—Construction or shape of discharge section
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
  • B65D83/06—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for dispensing powdered or granular material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D88/00—Large containers
  • B65D88/54—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying
  • B65D88/64—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying preventing bridge formation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D88/00—Large containers
  • B65D88/54—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying
  • B65D88/72—Fluidising devices

Definitions

• thermal conversion of solid fuels such as different coal, peat, hydrogenation residues, residues, waste, biomass and fly ash or a mixture of these substances is often carried out under elevated pressure and high temperature with the aim of a synthesis raw gas with high energy content and / or with a composition favorable for further chemical syntheses.
• Possible thermal conversion processes may be, for example, the pressure combustion or the pressure gasification by the fluidized bed or entrained flow process.
• the solids bed can be converted into the fluidized bed state by gas supply against gravity.
• the fluidized bed behaves then similar to a liquid and can leak through outlet openings, side nozzles, etc.
• the disadvantage is that large amounts of gas are needed. To complicate matters, it is very difficult to convert very fine particles into a homogeneous fluidized bed.
• a further possibility to enable the discharge of solids from a container is to take into account the bulk material properties. to provide for outlet geometries.
• the solids discharge from a cone can be assisted by adding gas over or to the cone walls.
• the amount of gas is typically less than the amount that would be required for fluidization, but sufficient to remove the wall friction of the bulk material and / or to prevent localized bridging approaches.
• the state of the art is to supply gas via porous elements into the discharge cosine.
• the porous elements are preferably made of sintered metal, but may also consist of other porous media.
• the use of porous materials has some procedural and operational disadvantages:
• the permissible pore size is based on the solid to be handled or on its particle size distribution.
• the pore size can only be reduced to a reasonable level, which results from the desired retained particle size and the fürströmungstik confuse.
• the porous medium becomes clogged over time.
• the finely ground fuel to be handled always has a particle size distribution, in which even the finest particles are present, which can be put into the pores.
• abrasion effects of the fuel within the container and during handling lead to the formation of extremely fine particles which would also clog the pores. While attempts are made to counteract the clogging of the porous media by permanently giving off a gas flow, the practice shows that this can only extend the life of the porous elements, but the fundamental problem remains.
• Porous material inevitably has a lower strength than comparable solid material and may therefore only be operated with gas so that a maximum allowable pressure drop over the porous material, ie a mechanically acting force resulting from the pressure difference and the overstretched area, is not exceeded. Improper handling or unsecured pressure increases during operation can therefore lead to destruction of the porous material.
• porous materials may only be charged with particle-free gas. It is not possible e.g. to use gas generated from vessel depressions and particle-contaminated gas, since the porous materials would clog up from the gas feed side.
• gas supply elements are introduced in the conical part of a pressure pot to achieve a fluidization of the solid bed, with the aim to accomplish a pneumatic delivery from the pressure pot out.
• These pipe elements are mounted on the inner sides of the cone, which are equipped with holes for gas supply.
• WO 2004/085578 A1 a lock container is presented, which provides inside the conical container part gas supply elements over which the container is brought to target pressure.
• the elements are provided with porous elements through which the gas is supplied.
• US 2006/013660 A1 describes in detail a fluidizing cone including the required connecting flanges, which is attached to a container.
• the conical inner walls are according to the description of porous material.
• CH 209 788 describes a reservoir for dusty goods with opening into a downcomer funnel, in which a thin layer of air migrates to the funnel wall against the down pipe, without approaching the funnel center, while rising through the center of the funnel upwards Air pushes the dust out to the funnel wall and prevents the formation of bridges.
• the container has a discharge cone in the lower region
• Means are provided for fluidizing or loosening the solid
• the discharge cone has at least one offset in the form of a gap, A gas can be fed through each of the openings of the gap-shaped offsets,
• Each of the gap-shaped offsets is concealed towards the center axis of the discharge cone
• the gaps of the gap-shaped offsets are closed by cover plates which have round or slot-shaped openings,
• the gaps are formed by laterally overlapping cone sectors. In further embodiments, it is provided that the gaps run in an oblique direction and the gas outlet side is aligned in a spiral manner in both the tangential and in the direction of the outlet opening, and therefore also has a radial-vertical component. It can further be provided that the gaps are formed by overlapping portions in the form of oblique conic sections.
• the gaps may be closed by cover plates having round or slot-shaped openings.
• the openings may also be formed in a nozzle shape.
• the openings are larger than the largest particle diameter of the solid in the discharge cone.
• the thickness of the cover sheets may be selected to be 3 times larger than the bore diameter to impart a direction to the gas jet.
• the openings can be provided at smaller intervals in the upper area of the column than in the lower area of the column.
• the holes in the upper region may also have larger cross sections than in the lower region, so that a gas flow which is related to the cone cross-sectional area and adapted to the respective height can be supplied.
• outlet pipes or the outlet nozzles can be used in further advantageous embodiments, wherein the spatial angle at which the gas jet enters the discharge cone, are selectable. Ideal are - depending on the material to be picked - angle to the horizontal from 30 degrees upwards or directed downwards, and directed up to 45 degrees in the horizontal plane, measured from the circular tangent abutting the gas exit point, inwardly toward the center axis of the discharge cone.
• FIG. 1 shows a storage container 1 with a discharge cone 5 according to the invention
• Fig. 4 shows a variant with modified inlet openings
• Fig. 5 shows a Austragskonus with columns having an oblique angle to the central axis.
• Fig. 1 shows a storage container 1 with a discharge cone 5 according to the invention, in which the finely ground fuel 2 is conveyed pneumatically or gravimetrically.
• the gas 3 leaves the storage container 1 via the gas filter 4, while the finely ground fuel reaches the storage container 1, where it sinks into the discharge cone 5.
• the gas 3 is in the case of a pneumatic filling of the storage container 1 from the conveying gas and from the gas, which is displaced by the introduced solid in the container.
• the gas 3 consists essentially of displaced gas.
• the discharge cone 5 encloses a pressure jacket 6, which is acted upon by compressed gas 7.
• the deduction 9 of the finely ground fuel takes place through the lock 8.
• FIG. 2 and 3 each show a Austragskonus 5 with columns 10 which extend in the vertical direction, and from which the gas 3 flows in the tangential direction.
• Fig. 2 also shows half the opening angle ⁇ of the discharge cone. The gaps are closed with sheets 11, in which bores 12 are introduced, can be introduced through the compressed gas 7 from the pressure jacket 6 in the discharge cone 5.
• FIG. 3 shows columns 10 which are concealed, as viewed from the center line, and have a step 13, the columns 10 shown in FIG. 2 are open.
• the variant shown in FIG. 3 has the advantage that no bulk cone can build up in front of the bores 12 and a backflow of finely ground fuel 2 through the holes 12 into the pressure jacket 6 is then omitted, when no gas pressure is being applied there, such as intermittent operation.
• the variant in Fig. 3 is somewhat more expensive to build.
• Fig. 4 shows the variant shown in Fig. 3 with modified inlet openings to reduce the high stress of the cone wall by the tangential outflow of the gas jet from the opening in the gap 10.
• the inlet openings are here modified so that the beam direction of the exiting gas jet can be spatially aligned.
• This can be achieved structurally by making the sheets 11 (not shown in FIG. 4) in the columns 10 very solid and correspondingly fine holes 12 provides that are embedded in defined angles in the sheets 11, or by thin sheets 11 provides, on which thin outlet pipes or outlet nozzles 14 are mounted, the example can be aligned by simply bending in the right direction.
• such outlet tubes or outlet nozzles 14 are mounted flush on the inner side of the cone and thereby projecting on the side facing the outer space, so that it is possible to align the jet direction with simple means on the projecting side.
• the following angles are advantageously established. This is based on a Cartesian coordinate system having its point of origin in the puncture point, whose one vertical y-z plane is parallel to the cone central axis and whose other vertical x-y plane intersects the cone central axis, and whose third x-z plane is the horizontal plane. 4, the angles of the axis of the outlet tubes and the outlet nozzles 14 on the outside of the discharge cone, where they can be easily measured in the mounted state. The same applies analogously to the corresponding gas outlet angles into the discharge cone.
• Fig. 5 shows a further discharge cone with downward columns 10, which extend in a spiral direction.
• the columns 10 are also closed with sheets 11, in which holes 12 are recessed, can be introduced through the compressed gas 7 from the pressure jacket 6 in the discharge cone 5. Due to the spiral arrangement, a discharge behavior of the finely ground fuel can be achieved as in a liquid nozzle.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
• Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
• Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
• Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
• Nozzles (AREA)
• Air Transport Of Granular Materials (AREA)

Priority Applications (10)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (13)

Cited By (1)

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Citations (11)

Family Cites Families (11)

• 2010
  • 2010-04-29 DE DE102010018841A patent/DE102010018841A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2011
  • 2011-04-08 UA UAA201212286A patent/UA107828C2/uk unknown
  • 2011-04-08 AU AU2011247444A patent/AU2011247444A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2011-04-08 WO PCT/EP2011/001747 patent/WO2011134594A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2011-04-08 KR KR1020127031053A patent/KR20130113924A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2011-04-08 CN CN2011800200981A patent/CN102892689A/zh active Pending
  • 2011-04-08 US US13/643,677 patent/US20130202369A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2011-04-08 BR BR112012027426A patent/BR112012027426A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2011-04-08 CA CA2796528A patent/CA2796528A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2011-04-08 RU RU2012146438/12A patent/RU2012146438A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2011-04-08 EP EP11716479.8A patent/EP2563692B1/de not_active Not-in-force
  • 2011-04-28 TW TW100114846A patent/TW201201897A/zh unknown
• 2012
  • 2012-11-27 ZA ZA2012/08938A patent/ZA201208938B/en unknown

Patent Citations (12)

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