WO2011113331A1 - 一种影片文件下载装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种影片文件下载装置及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011113331A1
WO2011113331A1 PCT/CN2011/071747 CN2011071747W WO2011113331A1 WO 2011113331 A1 WO2011113331 A1 WO 2011113331A1 CN 2011071747 W CN2011071747 W CN 2011071747W WO 2011113331 A1 WO2011113331 A1 WO 2011113331A1
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Prior art keywords
file
module
movie
data
downloading
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PCT/CN2011/071747
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘俊
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Tencent Technology Shenzhen Co Ltd
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Tencent Technology Shenzhen Co Ltd
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Priority to RU2012143717/07A priority Critical patent/RU2551111C2/ru
Priority to SG2012066270A priority patent/SG183571A1/en
Priority to BR112012023304A priority patent/BR112012023304A2/pt
Publication of WO2011113331A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011113331A1/zh
Priority to US13/610,255 priority patent/US20130031219A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/83Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
    • H04N21/845Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
    • H04N21/8456Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments by decomposing the content in the time domain, e.g. in time segments
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/234Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/47End-user applications
    • H04N21/472End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content
    • H04N21/47202End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content for requesting content on demand, e.g. video on demand
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/85Assembly of content; Generation of multimedia applications
    • H04N21/854Content authoring
    • H04N21/8549Creating video summaries, e.g. movie trailer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a film file processing technology, in particular to a film file downloading device and method. Background technique
  • HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol
  • FTP File Transfer Protocol
  • BT Bit Comet
  • ED2K eMule
  • HTTP and FTP are traditional file transfer protocols.
  • the BT and ED2K (eMule) protocols are emerging peer-to-peer (P2P, Peer-to-Peer) protocols.
  • P2P is also known as peer-to-peer Internet technology.
  • MMS and RTSP are streaming media transmission protocols for transmitting real-time media streams published by streaming media servers such as Windows Media.
  • FIG 1 is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the existing general download software, as shown in Figure 1, the network download module is based on the file. The file fragmentation information provided by the fragmentation module, and the file data is downloaded to a local file.
  • the existing download software generally does not have a special processing for the movie file, but divides the movie file into equal divisions as the ordinary file (for example, 512 KB is a basic unit).
  • the download client can download data pieces of different locations from multiple nodes in the node network at the same time, but this download mechanism will cause the downloaded data pieces to be discontinuous in the file location, and the video editing
  • the principle of decoding is that it is not possible to play back discrete data blocks. Therefore, the traditional downloading software often needs to download the movie completely before it can be viewed. In this way, the user needs to wait for a long time, and can not pre-determine whether the content of the movie meets its own needs or preview the highlight of the movie in advance.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a video file downloading apparatus and method, which can realize quick preview of movie content and avoid wasteful downloading time.
  • a video file downloading device comprising a file parsing module, a file slicing module, a network downloading module, and a preview playing module, wherein
  • a file parsing module configured to send a first indication to the network download module according to the downloaded video file type, receive the feature data from the download module, and obtain key frame position information of the movie file to be downloaded from the feature data, and the obtained The key frame position information is output to the file fragmentation module; and the second indication is sent to the network download module;
  • a file fragmentation module configured to receive key frame position information from the file parsing module, segment the movie file according to the received key frame position information, and output the file fragmentation information to the network download module;
  • a network downloading module configured to establish a network connection with the download server or the downloading node, for receiving the first indication, downloading the feature data of the file header and the file end; receiving the second indication, downloading according to the file fragmentation information from the file fragmentation module Film file data;
  • the preview playing module is further configured to send a third indication to the network downloading module according to the data location being previewed for playing; correspondingly, the network downloading module is further configured to download the playing station according to the third instruction from the preview playing module. Required data.
  • the network downloading module is further configured to store the downloaded file data into a local file.
  • the network download module includes a P2P download mode, a sequential download mode, or a preview download mode.
  • the preview playing module is specifically configured to sequentially play a key frame image in the downloaded movie file data.
  • the preview playing module is further configured to sequentially play the movie by using the downloaded movie file data.
  • a method for downloading a movie file comprising:
  • the movie file data is downloaded according to the file segmentation information, and the downloaded movie file data is used for preview playback.
  • the key frame location information of the movie file that needs to be downloaded includes:
  • the feature data of the file header and the file end are downloaded, and the key frame position information of the movie file to be downloaded is obtained from the feature data.
  • the method further includes: downloading the file data according to the data location being previewed for playback.
  • the method further includes: sequentially playing key frame images in the downloaded movie file data.
  • the method further includes: playing the movie sequentially using the downloaded movie file data.
  • the file parsing module, the file slicing module, the network downloading module, and the preview playing module are included, and the file slicing module divides the video file according to the key frame position information parsed by the file parsing module.
  • the network download module downloads the file data according to the file fragmentation information, and the preview playback module uses the downloaded file data to perform a quick preview of the movie content.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture of an existing general download software
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a composition of a video file downloading apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for downloading a movie file of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of an RMVB file. detailed description
  • video coding frames include two types: I frames and P frames.
  • An I frame is also called an intra reference frame or a key frame.
  • the I frame only refers to the information in the image frame when encoding, so it can be independently decoded when decoding; and the P frame is also called the forward reference frame, and the frame is called When encoding, the information of the previous frame is referred to, so the frame of the previous frame is also required for decoding.
  • a key frame is usually inserted as an I frame, and the rest is a frame. Thus, decoding can be started from the key frame position, and other forward reference frames are decoded in sequence.
  • the key frame data Since the key frames can be decoded independently, the key frame data has a more important meaning in the movie file data.
  • the position of the key frame data in the file is recorded in the structure description information of the movie file, and the present invention utilizes these key frame position information.
  • the movie file is sliced, and the file data is downloaded according to the file segmentation information, and the downloaded file data is used to quickly preview the content of the movie. Help users quickly understand the summary content of the movie, as well as preview the pieces of interest in advance.
  • Key file data is stored at regular intervals in the movie file.
  • the time interval is T.
  • the data size of a key frame is N times that of a non-key frame.
  • the film frame rate is F. Then, in the movie file.
  • the ratio of key frame data to non-key frame data is N: (T*F - 1 ), and * means multiplication.
  • the key frame interval is 10 seconds
  • the frame rate is 25 frames/second
  • the key frame data size is 5 times that of the non-key frame.
  • the ratio of key frame data to non-key frame data is about 1: 50. That is, you can quickly sample the video content by extracting about 2% of the key frame data.
  • the sampled key frame data can be used to implement the preview playback of the present invention to help the user understand the summary content of the movie.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a video file downloading apparatus of the present invention.
  • the file parsing module is configured to send a first indication to the network downloading module according to the downloaded video file type, instructing the network downloading module to download the feature data of the file header and the file tail, and obtain the video file to be downloaded from the feature data.
  • Key frame position information output the obtained key frame position information to the file fragmentation module; send a second indication to the network download module.
  • the file fragmentation module is configured to receive key frame position information from the file parsing module, slice the movie file according to the received key frame position information, and output the file fragmentation information to the network download module.
  • a network downloading module configured to establish a network connection with the download server or the downloading node, to receive the first indication, and the downloading module downloads the feature data of the file header and the file tail; receiving the second indication, according to the file fragmentation from the file fragmentation module Information download video file data. Further used to store the downloaded movie file data into a local file.
  • Preview the playback module for preview playback using the downloaded movie file data is further configured to send a third indication to the network downloading module according to the data location being previewed for playing, instructing the network downloading module to preferentially download data required for playing.
  • the network download module is also used The file data is downloaded in accordance with a third instruction from the preview play module.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for downloading a movie file according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the method includes the following steps: Step 300: Obtain key frame position information of a movie file that needs to be downloaded.
  • the step includes: downloading the feature data of the file header and the file end according to the type of the downloaded movie file, and obtaining the key frame position information of the movie file to be downloaded from the feature data.
  • Step 301 Fragment the movie file according to the obtained key frame position information.
  • Step 302 Download the movie file data according to the file fragmentation information, and use the downloaded movie file data to perform preview playback.
  • the method of the present invention further comprises: downloading the file data according to the location of the data being previewed for playback.
  • a general movie file consists of three parts, including the description of the file header ( HEAD ), the audio and video data ( DATA ) in the file, and the index data ( INDX ) at the end of the file.
  • the description information and index data at the beginning and end of the file are generally short.
  • the RMVB file has about 512 KB of header/tail data.
  • the file parsing module sends a first indication to the network download module, and the network download module first downloads the data of the file header and the file tail.
  • the length of the header and end data of different movie files is different, as shown in Table 1, so the length of the head and tail data that needs to be downloaded can be given based on the empirical value.
  • the file parsing module will instruct the network download module. First download the 512KB data of the file header and the 512KB INDX data at the end of the file.
  • the file parsing module will parse the key frame position information.
  • the key frame position information of the file is recorded in the trailing INDX data. Therefore, for the movie file containing the INDX data, the file parsing module will parse the position information of the key frame, with RM VB as
  • the parsing process generally includes:
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the RMVB file, as shown in Figure 4, through the file header '.RMF, TROP', MDPR', 'CONT' (where '.RMF indicates that the file is in Real format File, 'PROP' indicates file attributes, 'MDPR' indicates media stream attributes, 'CONT' indicates file content description)
  • '.RMF indicates that the file is in Real format File
  • 'PROP' indicates file attributes
  • 'MDPR' indicates media stream attributes
  • 'CONT' indicates file content description
  • indexRecord index record
  • Each index record corresponds to the location information of a key frame, where ptrFilePos indicates that the key frame is in the absolute position in the file, tStart indicates the file time corresponding to the key frame, and packet indicates that there is a key frame from the key frame to the next key frame. How many packets are there.
  • the file parsing module outputs the obtained index record list (IndexRecord List) to the file fragmentation module, and the file fragmentation module divides the file data block according to the key frame position, instead of being equal in length like the existing general downloader ( For example, 512KB) to segment the data block.
  • the advantage of segmenting according to the key frame position is: Each of the basic units can be played independently.
  • the specific implementation of the segmentation file has a plurality of methods, which are all technically used by those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail.
  • the present invention emphasizes that the file fragmentation module slices the movie file according to the key frame position.
  • the file fragmentation module transmits the file fragmentation information to the network download module, and the network download module The block downloads the corresponding piece of data according to the file fragmentation information.
  • the network download module can use three download modes: P2P download mode, sequential download mode, and preview download mode. among them,
  • the P2P download mode can simultaneously download data slices at different locations from multiple download nodes at the same time, because the data slices at different locations are separated by key frame positions, so video decoding can decode these data slices, so that each data
  • the films can be played independently, that is, the downloaded videos can be viewed without having to download the videos completely. The user does not need to wait for a long time to pre-determine whether the content of the videos meets their needs;
  • the sequential download mode downloads the data pieces from beginning to end in chronological order
  • the preview download mode preferentially downloads the first frame image data of each data piece.
  • the first frame key frame data starting from the download of each data piece only accounts for about 2% of the total file length, so in the preview download mode.
  • the preview playback module can start preview playback.
  • the preview playback module can first provide a story slideshow function, and the story slideshow function can play the downloaded movie file data in a sequence of time intervals.
  • the story slide allows the user to quickly understand the outline content of the entire movie.
  • the story slide function is a common technical means by those skilled in the art, and the specific implementation is not used to limit the scope of the present invention.
  • the downloaded key frame image is sequentially played at a certain time interval.
  • the preview play module also provides a highlight preview function and a side-by-side broadcast function, wherein when the story slide is played to a scene of interest to the user, the user can click the play button to start watching the highlight from the position of the file,
  • the preview play module sends a third indication to the network download module to instruct the network download module to preferentially download the data piece required for playback; and the side broadcast function can start from the beginning of the file, and sequentially download the data piece required for playback.
  • the preview playback module can use this data to start a full movie playback.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Television Signal Processing For Recording (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种影片文件下载装置及方法,装置包括:文件解析模块、文件分片模块、网络下载模块和预览播放模块,文件分片模块按照文件解析模块接收得到的关键帧信息对影片文件进行分片,网络下载模块按照文件分片信息下载文件数据,而预览播放模块利用这些信息来进行影片内容的快速预览。通过本发明提供的方案,帮助用户快速了解了影片的概要内容,实现了提前预览感兴趣的内容片段的目的,避免了对下载时间的浪费。

Description

一种影片文件下载装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及影片文件处理技术, 尤指一种影片文件下载装置及方法。 背景技术
随着宽带互联网的发展, 互联网上提供的网络影视资源越来越丰富, 从互联网上下载影片已是非常普遍的需求, 目前, 有很多的下载软件能够 满足用户下载影片文件的需求。
一般的下载软件支持的协议包括超文本传输协议(HTTP , HyperText Transfer Protocol )、 文件传输协议(FTP, File Transfer Protocol )、 比特彗星 ( BT , Bit Comet ) 下载协议文件共享网络 ( ED2K(eMule) , 也称为 "eDoiikey2000 network" )协议, 多媒体信息 (MMS, Multimedia Message ) 协议、 实时流协议( RTSP , Real Time Streaming Protocol )等。 不同的下载 协议具有不同的下载特点, 其中, HTTP和 FTP是传统的文件传输协议, 基于客户端 /服务器(Client/Server )架构, 客户端下载软件从服务器上顺序 拉取要下载的文件内容。 BT和 ED2K(eMule)协议是新兴的点对点 ( P2P , Peer-to-Peer )协议, P2P又称为对等互联网技术, 与传统的 Client/Server架 构不同, P2P技术中将参与下载的客户端组成一个节点网络,一个客户端可 以从网络中的其他任意客户端获取到要下载的文件数据, 而不是全部依赖 于服务器。 MMS、 RTSP是流媒体的传输协议, 用于传输 Windows Media 等流媒体服务器发布的实时媒体流。
从以上的协议分类可以看出, 除了 MMS、 RTSP是专门为网络媒体制 定的协议之外, 其他协议都是将影片文件作为普通文件来下载。 图 1 为现 有一般下载软件的系统架构示意图, 如图 1 所示, 网络下载模块根据文件 分片模块提供的文件分片信息, 下载文件数据到本地文件中。 现有的下载 软件对于影片文件一般没有专门的处理, 而是将影片文件和普通文件一样 进行等分的切割(例如 512KB为一个基本单元)。 为了提高下载效率, 下载 客户端可以同时从节点网络中的多个节点下载不同位置的数据片, 但是, 这种下载机制会造成已经下载的数据片在文件位置上是不连续的, 而视频 编解码的原理是无法对不连续的数据块进行播放的。 因此, 传统的下载软 件往往需要将影片完整下载后才能够进行观看, 这样, 用户需要等待较长 的时间, 而且无法预先判断影片内容是否符合自身的需要, 也无法提前预 览影片的精彩片段。
从现有文件切割方法来看, 影片中的一帧视频帧数据往往会被分割成 两个单元, 同时无法定位从哪个数据片开始是关键帧的位置, 因此, 未下 载完成的影片文件是难以解码出完整的视频帧的, 从而无法实现对影片文 件的预览功能, 用户必须进行顺序预览或者下载完整的影片文件后才能进 行观看, 这样, 造成了等待时间很长; 或者由于下载完的影片实际不能满 足用户的需求, 造成了下载时间的浪费。 发明内容
有鉴于此, 本发明的主要目的在于提供一种影片文件下载装置及方法, 能够实现影片内容的快速预览, 避免浪费下载时间。
为达到上述目的, 本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
一种影片文件下载装置, 包括文件解析模块、 文件分片模块、 网络下 载模块和预览播放模块, 其中,
文件解析模块, 用于根据下载的影片文件类型, 向网络下载模块下发 第一指示, 接收来自下载模块的特征数据; 从特征数据中获取需要下载的 影片文件的关键帧位置信息, 将得到的关键帧位置信息输出给文件分片模 块; 向网络下载模块发送第二指示; 文件分片模块, 用于接收来自文件解析模块的关键帧位置信息, 按照 接收到的关键帧位置信息对影片文件进行分片, 将文件分片信息输出给网 络下载模块;
网络下载模块, 与下载服务器或下载节点建立网络连接, 用于接收到 第一指示, 下载文件头和文件尾的特征数据; 接收到第二指示, 按照来自 文件分片模块的文件分片信息下载影片文件数据;
预览播放模块, 用于利用已下载的影片文件数据进行预览播放。
所述预览播放模块, 进一步用于根据正在预览播放的数据位置, 向网 络下载模块发送第三指示; 相应地, 所述网络下载模块, 还用于按照来自 预览播放模块的第三指示下载播放所需的数据。
所述网络下载模块, 进一步用于将下载的文件数据存储到本地文件中。 所述网络下载模块包括 P2P下载模式、顺序下载模式或预览下载模式。 所述预览播放模块, 具体用于顺序播放已下载的影片文件数据中的关 键帧图像。
所述预览播放模块, 还用于利用已下载的影片文件数据顺序播放影片。 一种影片文件下载方法, 该方法包括:
获取需要下载的影片文件的关键帧位置信息;
按照获得的关键帧位置信息对影片文件进行分片;
按照文件分片信息下载影片文件数据, 利用已下载的影片文件数据进 行预览播放。
所述获取需要下载的影片文件的关键帧位置信息包括:
根据所述需要下载的影片文件的类型, 下载文件头和文件尾的特征数 据, 从特征数据中获取需要下载的影片文件的关键帧位置信息。
该方法还包括: 根据所述正在预览播放的数据位置, 下载文件数据。 该方法还包括: 顺序播放已下载的影片文件数据中的关键帧图像。 该方法还包括: 利用所述已下载的影片文件数据顺序播放影片。
从上述本发明提供的技术方案可以看出, 包括文件解析模块、 文件分 片模块、 网络下载模块和预览播放模块, 文件分片模块按照文件解析模块 解析得到的关键帧位置信息对影片文件进行分片, 网络下载模块按照文件 分片信息下载文件数据, 而预览播放模块利用下载的文件数据来进行影片 内容的快速预览。 通过本发明提供的方案, 帮助用户快速了解了影片的概 要内容, 实现了提前预览感兴趣的内容片段的目的, 避免了对下载时间的 浪费。 附图说明
图 1为现有一般下载软件的系统架构示意图;
图 2为本发明的影片文件下载装置的组成结构示意图;
图 3是本发明的影片文件下载方法的流程图;
图 4为 RMVB文件的组成结构示意图。 具体实施方式
通常, 视频编码帧包括两种类型: I帧和 P帧。 I帧又称为帧内参考帧 或者关键帧, I帧在编码时仅参考本图像帧内的信息, 因此在解码时是可以 独立解码的;而 P帧又称为前向参考帧,Ρ帧在编码时会参考前一帧的信息, 因此在解码时 Ρ帧也需要有前一帧的数据。 在编码影片文件时一般间隔若 干秒会插入一个关键帧即 I帧, 其余则为 Ρ帧, 这样, 从关键帧位置可以开 始解码播放, 顺序往后解码出其他前向参考帧。
由于关键帧可以独立解码, 关键帧数据在影片文件数据中有更重要的 意义, 一般, 在影片文件的结构描述信息中会记录关键帧数据在文件中的 位置, 本发明利用这些关键帧位置信息对影片文件进行分片, 并按照文件 分片信息下载文件数据, 通过下载的文件数据来进行影片内容的快速预览, 帮助用户快速了解影片的概要内容, 以及提前预览感兴趣的内容片段。 影 片文件中每隔一定的时间间隔会存有关键帧数据,假设时间间隔为 T,一个 关键帧的数据大小平均为一个非关键帧的 N倍, 影片帧率为 F, 那么, 影 片文件中的关键帧数据与非关键帧数据的比例为 N: (T*F - 1 ) , *表示相乘。 根据经验数据, 以关键帧间隔为 10秒, 帧率为 25帧 /秒, 关键帧的数据大 小为非关键帧的 5倍为例, 关键帧数据与非关键帧数据的比例约为 1 : 50, 也就是说, 可以通过提取 2%左右的关键帧数据来实现对影片内容的快速抽 样。 抽样出的关键帧数据可以用于实现本发明的预览播放, 以帮助用户了 解影片的概要内容。
图 2为本发明的影片文件下载装置的组成结构示意图, 如图 2所示, 包括文件解析模块、 文件分片模块、 网络下载模块和预览播放模块。 其中, 文件解析模块, 用于根据下载的影片文件类型, 向网络下载模块下发 第一指示, 指示网络下载模块下载文件头和文件尾的特征数据, 从特征数 据中获取需要下载的影片文件的关键帧位置信息, 将得到的关键帧位置信 息输出给文件分片模块; 向网络下载模块发送第二指示。
文件分片模块, 用于接收来自文件解析模块的关键帧位置信息, 按照 接收到的关键帧位置信息对影片文件进行分片, 将文件分片信息输出给网 络下载模块。
网络下载模块, 与下载服务器或下载节点建立网络连接, 用于接收到 第一指示, 下载模块下载文件头和文件尾的特征数据; 接收到第二指示, 按照来自文件分片模块的文件分片信息下载影片文件数据。 进一步用于将 下载的影片文件数据存储到本地文件中。
预览播放模块, 用于利用已下载的影片文件数据进行预览播放。 进一 步用于根据正在预览播放的数据位置, 向网络下载模块发送第三指示, 指 示网络下载模块优先下载播放所需的数据。 相应地, 网络下载模块, 还用 于按照来自预览播放模块的第三指示下载文件数据。
图 3是本发明的影片文件下载方法的流程图, 如图 3所示, 包括: 步骤 300: 获取需要下载的影片文件的关键帧位置信息。
本步骤包括: 根据下载的影片文件的类型, 下载文件头和文件尾的特 征数据, 从特征数据中获取需要下载的影片文件的关键帧位置信息。
步骤 301 : 按照获得的关键帧位置信息对影片文件进行分片。
步骤 302: 按照文件分片信息下载影片文件数据, 利用已下载的影片文 件数据进行预览播放。
进一步地, 本发明方法还包括: 根据正在预览播放的数据位置, 下载 文件数据。
由于不同影片文件格式的文件结构有所不同, 下面结合具体实例, 对 本发明图 2所示的影片文件下载装置各组成模块的功能及图 3所示的影片 文件下载方法进行详细描述。 以 RMVB视频文件格式的文件为例。
首先, 启动影片下载。 一般的影片文件由三个部分组成, 包括文件头 的描述信息( HEAD )、 文件中的音视频数据 ( DATA )和文件尾的索引数据 ( INDX )。 文件头尾的描述信息和索引数据一般较短, 例如 RMVB文件大 约 512KB左右的头 /尾数据。 文件解析模块向网络下载模块发送第一指示, 网络下载模块首先下载文件头和文件尾的数据。 不同影片文件的头尾数据 长度不一样, 如表 1 所示, 因此, 可以根据经验值来给出需要下载的头尾 数据长度。
Figure imgf000008_0001
表 1
如表 1所示, 以 RMVB格式为例, 文件解析模块将指示网络下载模块 先下载文件头部的 512KB数据以及文件尾部的 512KB的 INDX数据。
接着, 文件解析模块将解析出关键帧位置信息。 对于大部分的影片文 件容器格式, 在尾部的 INDX数据中会记录文件的关键帧位置信息, 因此, 对于包含 INDX数据的影片文件, 文件解析模块将解析出关键帧的位置信 息, 以 RM VB为例, 解析过程大致包括:
1 ) 图 4为 RMVB文件的组成结构示意图, 如图 4所示, 通过文件头 部的' .RMF、 TROP'、 ,MDPR'、 'CONT' (其中, '.RMF表示该文件是 Real 格式的文件, 'PROP'表示文件属性, 'MDPR'表示媒体流的属性, 'CONT'表 示文件内容描述) 几个关键字解析出文件的描述信息, 例如文件时长、 音 视频流的数量、 音视频编码类型、 音视频码率等, 具体信息可参考相关已 公开的文档, 属于本领域技术人员容易获得的, 这里不再详述。
2 )解析出文件尾部的 'INDX'数据块, 该' INDX'数据块的主要信息由多 条索引记录 IndexRecord组成, 每条索引记录可以用以下结构体表示:
struct {UINT32 tStart, ptrFilePos , packet; } IndexRecord;
每条索引记录对应一个关键帧的位置信息, 其中, ptrFilePos表示该关 键帧位于文件中的绝对位置, tStart表示该关键帧对应的文件时间, packet 表示从该关键帧到下一个关键帧之间有多少个数据包。
之后, 文件解析模块将获得的索引记录列表(IndexRecord List )输出 给文件分片模块, 文件分片模块根据关键帧位置切分文件数据块, 而不是 像现有一般的下载器那样按等长(例如 512KB )来切分数据块。 本发明中, 按照关键帧位置切分的好处是: 每一个基本单元都可以独立进行播放。 这 里切分文件的具体实现有多种方法, 均属于本领域技术人员惯用技术手段, 不再详述, 本发明强调的是, 文件分片模块按照关键帧位置对影片文件进 行分片。
然后, 文件分片模块将文件分片信息传给网络下载模块, 网络下载模 块根据文件分片信息下载相应的数据片。 网络下载模块可以釆用三种下载 模式: P2P下载模式、 顺序下载模式和预览下载模式。 其中,
P2P下载模式可以同时从多个下载节点同时下载不同位置的数据片,因 为不同位置的数据片是以关键帧位置分割的, 因此, 视频解码是可以对这 些数据片进行解码的, 这样, 各数据片都是可以独立播放的, 也就是说, 不需要将影片完整下载就可以观看已下载的影片了, 用户不需要等待较长 的时间, 就能预先判断影片内容是否符合自身的需要;
顺序下载模式则按照时间顺序从头至尾下载数据片;
预览下载模式则优先下载每个数据片的第一帧图像数据, 根据经验值, 下载每一个数据片起始的第一帧关键帧数据只占总文件长度的 2%左右, 因 此在预览下载模式下, 通过下载关键帧数据, 实现了影片文件的快速下载, 而且提前预览影片的精彩片段。
最后, 关键帧数据下载阶段开始后, 预览播放模块就可以开始进行预 览播放了, 预览播放模块首先可以提供剧情幻灯片功能, 剧情幻灯片功能 可以按一定的时间间隔顺序播放已下载的影片文件数据中的关键帧图像, 由于关键帧图像比较均匀地散布在完整的文件区间上, 因此, 剧情幻灯片 让用户较快速地了解到了整个影片的概要内容。 这里剧情幻灯片功能属于 本领域技术人员的惯用技术手段, 具体实现不用于限定本发明的保护范围, 这里强调的是, 按一定的时间间隔顺序播放已下载的关键帧图像。
此外, 预览播放模块还提供精彩片段预览功能和边下边播功能, 其中, 当剧情幻灯片播放到某个用户感兴趣的场景时, 用户可以点击播放按钮从 文件的该位置开始观看精彩片段, 此时, 预览播放模块会向网络下载模块 发送第三指示, 以指示网络下载模块优先下载播放所需的数据片; 而边下 边播功能则可以从文件开头位置开始, 顺序下载播放所需的数据片, 预览 播放模块可以利用这些数据开始进行完整的影片播放。 以上所述, 仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并非用于限定本发明的保 护范围, 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、 等同替换和改进 等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种影片文件下载装置, 其特征在于, 包括文件解析模块、 文件分 片模块、 网络下载模块和预览播放模块, 其中,
文件解析模块, 用于根据下载的影片文件类型, 向网络下载模块下发 第一指示, 接收来自下载模块的特征数据; 从特征数据中获取需要下载的 影片文件的关键帧位置信息, 将得到的关键帧位置信息输出给文件分片模 块; 向网络下载模块发送第二指示;
文件分片模块, 用于接收来自文件解析模块的关键帧位置信息, 按照 接收到的关键帧位置信息对影片文件进行分片, 将文件分片信息输出给网 络下载模块;
网络下载模块, 与下载服务器或下载节点建立网络连接, 用于接收到 第一指示, 下载文件头和文件尾的特征数据; 接收到第二指示, 按照来自 文件分片模块的文件分片信息下载影片文件数据;
预览播放模块, 用于利用已下载的影片文件数据进行预览播放。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的影片文件下载装置, 其特征在于, 所述预览 播放模块, 进一步用于根据正在预览播放的数据位置, 向网络下载模块发 送第三指示; 相应地, 所述网络下载模块, 还用于按照来自预览播放模块 的第三指示下载播放所需的数据。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的影片文件下载装置, 其特征在于, 所述 网络下载模块, 进一步用于将下载的文件数据存储到本地文件中。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的影片文件下载装置, 其特征在于, 所述网络 下载模块包括 P2P下载模式、 顺序下载模式或预览下载模式。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的影片文件下载装置, 其特征在于, 所述预览 播放模块, 具体用于顺序播放已下载的影片文件数据中的关键帧图像。
6、 根据权利要求 1或 5所述的影片文件下载装置, 其特征在于, 所述 预览播放模块, 还用于利用已下载的影片文件数据顺序播放影片。
7、 一种影片文件下载方法, 其特征在于, 该方法包括:
获取需要下载的影片文件的关键帧位置信息;
按照获得的关键帧位置信息对影片文件进行分片;
按照文件分片信息下载影片文件数据, 利用已下载的影片文件数据进 行预览播放。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的影片文件下载方法, 其特征在于, 所述获取 需要下载的影片文件的关键帧位置信息包括:
根据所述需要下载的影片文件的类型, 下载文件头和文件尾的特征数 据, 从特征数据中获取需要下载的影片文件的关键帧位置信息。
9、 根据权利要求 7或 8所述的影片文件下载方法, 其特征在于, 该方 法还包括: 根据所述正在预览播放的数据位置, 下载文件数据。
10、 根据权利要求 7或 8所述的影片文件下载方法, 其特征在于, 该 方法还包括: 顺序播放已下载的影片文件数据中的关键帧图像。
11、 根据权利要求 7 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 该方法还包括: 利用 所述已下载的影片文件数据顺序播放影片。
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CN101282472A (zh) * 2008-05-14 2008-10-08 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种终端及其快速预览手机电视频道方法
CN101287107A (zh) * 2008-05-29 2008-10-15 腾讯科技(深圳)有限公司 媒体文件的点播方法、系统和设备

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CN104683416A (zh) * 2013-12-02 2015-06-03 乐视网信息技术(北京)股份有限公司 一种p2p网络中数据下载方法及装置

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CN102196001A (zh) 2011-09-21
RU2012143717A (ru) 2014-04-27
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