WO2011087829A1 - Aqueous emulsions of alkylalkoxysilanes - Google Patents
Aqueous emulsions of alkylalkoxysilanes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011087829A1 WO2011087829A1 PCT/US2010/061739 US2010061739W WO2011087829A1 WO 2011087829 A1 WO2011087829 A1 WO 2011087829A1 US 2010061739 W US2010061739 W US 2010061739W WO 2011087829 A1 WO2011087829 A1 WO 2011087829A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- weight
- alkylalkoxysilane
- carbon atoms
- emulsion
- Prior art date
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- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 43
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000004530 micro-emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- -1 n-octyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrimethoxysilane Chemical group CO[Si](C)(OC)OC BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical group CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- MSRJTTSHWYDFIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyltriethoxysilane Chemical group CCCCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC MSRJTTSHWYDFIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[SiH](OC)OC YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 229960003493 octyltriethoxysilane Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- QQQSFSZALRVCSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[SiH](OCC)OCC QQQSFSZALRVCSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-7-one Chemical compound C1C2C(=O)OC1C=CC2 TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000005020 Acaciella glauca Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007798 antifreeze agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011455 calcium-silicate brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940060184 oil ingredients Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000003499 redwood Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- PUAQLLVFLMYYJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminopropiophenone Chemical compound CC(N)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PUAQLLVFLMYYJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000094 2-phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000243321 Cnidaria Species 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004890 Hydrophobing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000500881 Lepisma Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- XGZGKDQVCBHSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC XGZGKDQVCBHSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004218 chloromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DGPFXVBYDAVXLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl(diethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCC DGPFXVBYDAVXLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSYLGGHSEIWGJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl(dimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CC[Si](CC)(OC)OC VSYLGGHSEIWGJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYICXDQJFWXGTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihexyl(dimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)CCCCCC CYICXDQJFWXGTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JJQZDUKDJDQPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy(dimethyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(C)OC JJQZDUKDJDQPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHYFIJRXGOQNFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy-bis(2-methylpropyl)silane Chemical compound CC(C)C[Si](OC)(CC(C)C)OC NHYFIJRXGOQNFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- OGQYPPBGSLZBEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl(dioctadecyl)azanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC OGQYPPBGSLZBEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSFMFXQNYPNYGG-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyl-octadecyl-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)azanium;chloride Chemical group [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC WSFMFXQNYPNYGG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YYLGKUPAFFKGRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldiethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(C)OCC YYLGKUPAFFKGRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- SBRXLTRZCJVAPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC SBRXLTRZCJVAPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011210 fiber-reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CZWLNMOIEMTDJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC CZWLNMOIEMTDJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- RJMRIDVWCWSWFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(tripropoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCO[Si](C)(OCCC)OCCC RJMRIDVWCWSWFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011454 mudbrick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005375 organosiloxane group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004469 siloxy group Chemical group [SiH3]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GIHPVQDFBJMUAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy(ethyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](CC)(OCCCC)OCCCC GIHPVQDFBJMUAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALVYUZIFSCKIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(2-methylpropyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC(C)C)(OCC)OCC ALVYUZIFSCKIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)OCC CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYJRNCYWTVGEEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(2-methylpropyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CC(C)C XYJRNCYWTVGEEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
- C04B41/49—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes
- C04B41/4905—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon
- C04B41/4922—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon applied to the substrate as monomers, i.e. as organosilanes RnSiX4-n, e.g. alkyltrialkoxysilane, dialkyldialkoxysilane
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/40—Compounds containing silicon, titanium or zirconium or other organo-metallic compounds; Organo-clays; Organo-inorganic complexes
- C04B24/42—Organo-silicon compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
- C04B41/49—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
- C04B41/49—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes
- C04B41/4905—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon
- C04B41/495—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon applied to the substrate as oligomers or polymers
- C04B41/4961—Polyorganosiloxanes, i.e. polymers with a Si-O-Si-O-chain; "silicones"
- C04B41/4966—Polyorganosiloxanes, i.e. polymers with a Si-O-Si-O-chain; "silicones" containing silicon bound to hydroxy groups, i.e. OH-blocked polysiloxanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
- C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/62—Coating or impregnation with organic materials
- C04B41/64—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal of carbon-to-silicon linkages
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/22—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to organic groups containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
- C08G77/26—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to organic groups containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen nitrogen-containing groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to aqueous emulsions of certain alkylalkoxysilanes and cationic alkoxysilanes.
- the disclosed emulsions provide water proofing properties to a variety of substances, and in particular to masonry or concrete surfaces.
- Alkylalkoxysilanes are useful for rendering various surfaces hydrophobic or water repellant.
- long chain (>C4) alkylalkoxysilane do not readily disperse into water.
- they are often provided as aqueous emulsions.
- emulsions typically require the addition of surfactants along with an energy and equipment intensive shear mixing process for their formation.
- the presence of surfactants in the emulsion may limit the waterproofing ability of subsequent coatings formed from these emulsions. That is, the resulting coating will still contain "loose" surfactant.
- alkylalkoxysilanes and cationic alkoxysilanes that self-disperse into water to form an emulsion without the need to use co-surfactants, nor any type of energy intense emulsifying equipment.
- the present emulsions provide water proofing properties to a variety of substances, and in particular to masonry or concrete surfaces, without requiring the addition of cure catalysts.
- the present invention provides an aqueous emulsion comprising: a) 1 to 85% by weight of an alkylalkoxysilane of the formula
- R is a monovalent hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 20 carbons
- R1 is an alkyl group containing 1 to 30 carbon atoms
- R 2 and R 5 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl groups containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, CH3C(0)-,
- R 3 is an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbons
- R 4 is a monovalent hydrocarbon having at least one quaternary ammonium group substituent
- R 6 is an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydroxy group, a is 1 or 2,
- b 0, 1 or 2
- aqueous emulsion refers to emulsions having a water continuous phase.
- the present invention further relates to an aqueous microemulsion comprising:
- R 1 is an alkyl group containing 1 to 30 carbon atoms
- R 2 and R 5 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl groups containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, CH 3 C(0)-, CH 3 CH 2 C(0)-, HOCH 2 CH 2 -, CH 3 OCH 2 CH 2 -, and C 2 H 5 OCH 2 CH 2 -,
- R 3 is an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbons
- R 4 is a monovalent hydrocarbon having at least one quaternary ammonium group substituent
- a is 1 or 2
- b is 0, 1 or 2
- the combined weight of (a) and (b) is no greater than 95% of the microemulsion and,
- the emulsion is essentially free of any co-surfactants.
- microemulsion refers to a solution or an emulsion that is essentially clear or transparent to the naked eye. As such it encompasses two scientific meanings. In the first, a microemulsion is a system of water, oil, and amphiphile, which is a single optically isotropic and thermodynamically stable liquid solution (I. Danielsson, B. Lindman, “The Definition of Microemulsion", Colloids Surfaces 3, 1981 , 391 .) In the second, a microemulsion is an emulsion - a heterogeneous system where one liquid phase is dispersed in another liquid - with the dispersed phase having a particle size small enough that it does not scatter visible light or appears clear. For the latter, an emulsion having a particle size less than 10Onm typically appears transparent or translucent. "Microemulsion” in the present invention refers to either and both of these meanings.
- the present emulsions are essentially free of any co-surfactants. While not wishing to be bound by any theory, the present inventors believe the cationic alkoxysilane is able to function as a surfactant to form and stabilize an emulsion of the alkylalkoxysilane. As such, the addition of further surfactants or co-surfactants is not necessary. As used herein "essentially free of co-surfactant" means the exclusion of the purposeful addition of a surfactant or co-surfactant in quantities greater than 1000 ppm to the present emulsions. It is recognized some minor quantities of co-surfactant may be present in the inventive compositions due to impurities or by addition of such for other unintended uses. a) The Alkylalkoxysilane
- Component a) is an alkylalkoxysilane of the formula
- Rl a Si(OR2) 4 _a where R 1 is an alkyl group containing 1 to 30 carbon atoms, R 2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl groups containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms,
- Rl represents an alkyl group having 1 -30 carbon atoms, alternatively 1 -12 carbon atoms, alternatively 3-10 carbon atoms, alternatively 6-9 carbon atoms, or alternatively 8 carbon atoms.
- Component a) may be a single alkylalkoxysilane or a mixture of
- alkylalkoxysilanes as described above.
- Some suitable alkoxysilanes are
- alkylalkoxysilanes are known and are commercially available.
- R 1 is n-octyl
- R 2 is ethyl, that is component a) is n-octyl triethoxysilane.
- R 1 and R 2 is methyl, that is component a) is methyltrimethoxysilane.
- R 1 is propyl and R 2 is methyl, that is component a) is propyltrimethoxysilane.
- Component b) is a cationic alkoxysilane of the formula where; R 3 is an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbons, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, or butyl,
- R 4 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having at least one quaternary ammonium group substituent
- R 5 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl groups containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, CH 3 C(0)-, CH 3 CH 2 C(0)-, HOCH 2 CH 2 -, CH 3 OCH 2 CH 2 -, and
- the monovalent hydrocarbon group R 4 in the cationic alkoxysilane formula may have the formula -R 7 N+R 8 R 9 R 10 X, where; R 7 links to the silicon atom of the cationic alkoxysilane formula and is a linear or branched alkylene group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such methylene, ethylene, propylene, butylene, or isobutylene. Alternatively, R 7 is propylene or isobutylene,
- R 8 , R9, and Rl° are independently selected from hydrocarbon groups containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms, providing the total number of carbon atoms from
- R 8 , R 9 , and R 10 is at least 6 carbon atoms
- X is selected from a halide; such as fluoride, chloride, bromide, or iodide, acetate, or tosylate.
- R 4 substituent include; -(CH 2 )3N+(C 4 H9)3CI-
- Cationic alkoxysilanes are known and many are available commercially. Exemplary commercial examples include; Dow Corning ® 5700, 5772, and Q9-6346.
- R 3 and R 5 are methyl and R 4 is
- Component c) is an organopolysiloxane comprising the formula
- R is a monovalent hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 20 carbons
- R 6 is an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydroxy group, and v > 0, x > 0, y > 0 , with the proviso that not all v, x, and y are zero in the same formula.
- R may be a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbyl.
- Monovalent unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbyls are exemplified by, but not limited to alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, pentyl, octyl, undecyl, and octadecyl and cycloalkyl groups such as cyclohexyl.
- Monovalent substituted aliphatic hydrocarbyls are exemplified by, but not limited to halogenated alkyl groups such as chloromethyl, 3-chloropropyl, and 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon group is exemplified by, but not limited to, phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, benzyl, styryl, and 2- phenylethyl.
- the organopolysiloxane is a hydroxy terminated
- polydimethylsiloxane of the formula (Me2(OH)SiOi/2)(Me2Si02/2) x (Me2(OH)SiOi/2) having a degree of polymerization (x) from 1 to 500, alternatively, from 5 to 200, or alternatively from 10 to 100.
- the organopolysiloxane may be a "DT"
- organopolysiloxane containing siloxy units having the general formula (R2Si02/2)x(RSi03/2) y where R, x and y are as defined above.
- R is typically methyl and x ranges from 1 to 500, alternatively, from 1 0 to 200, and y ranges from 1 to 200, alternatively, from 5 to 1 00.
- the amounts of components (a) , (b), and (c) in the emulsion composition are such that the weight ratio of components a/b is > 4 and the combined weight of (a), (b) and (c) is no greater than 95% of the emulsion, with the remaining balance of the emulsion being water or an aqueous based solution.
- the weight ratio of components a/b is > 5, alternatively a/b is > 1 0, alternatively a/b is > 20, alternatively a/b is > 30, or alternatively a/b is > 40.
- additives can also be incorporated in the emulsion, such as fillers, foam control agents; anti-freeze agents and biocides.
- present emulsions may be prepared according to the process of the present disclosure as described below.
- the present disclosure further provides a process comprising; I) forming a mixture comprising; a) 80 to 99.9% by weight of an alkylalkoxysilane of the formula
- R is a monovalent hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 20 carbons
- R1 is an alkyl group containing 1 to 30 carbon atoms
- R 2 and R 5 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl groups containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, CH3C(0)-,
- R 3 is an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbons
- R 4 is a monovalent hydrocarbon having at least one quaternary ammonium group substituent
- R 6 is an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydroxy group, a is 1 or 2,
- b 0, 1 or 2
- step II combining 5 to 95 wt% of the mixture of step I) with 5 to 95 wt% of water to form an aqueous emulsion.
- components a), b), and c) are the same as described previously in this disclosure. They are combined in step I to form a mixture. Simple stirring or mixing may be used to form the mixture of step I. Then, 5 to 95 wt% of the resulting mixture is combined with 5 to 95 wt% of water to form an aqueous emulsion.
- the mixture of these components is typically subjected to mixing or shear in devices such as a rotor stator mixer, a homogenizer, a sonolator, a microfluidizer, a colloid mill, mixing vessels equipped with high speed spinning or with blades imparting high shear, or sonication to effect the formation of the emulsion. While energy-intense mixing or high shear is helpful, one advantage of the present invention is that it is not absolutely required. Low-energy mixing or gentle stir often suffice to achieve an emulsion of the present invention stable for
- the present microemulsions may be prepared by combining components a), b), and water in various proportions followed by mild mixing. Mixing may be effected by simple stirring or shaking. In some instances, a microemulsion is formed immediately, while in other instances the microemulsion forms upon standing for a period of time. While not wishing to be bound by any theory, the present inventors believe the alkylalkoxysilane and the cationic alkoxysilane may react after mixing in water to form an organosiloxane resinous structure having improved emulsifying abilities vs the alkoxysilane alone, or hydrolyzed version of the silane. Thus, it is sometimes advantageous to mix components a) and b) with water, and allow the resulting mixture to stand for a period of time. Upon standing and optionally remixing of the mixture, a microemulsion forms.
- the present microemulsions may be prepared by;
- R 1 is an alkyl group containing 1 to 30 carbon atoms
- R 2 and R 5 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl groups containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, CH 3 C(O)-, CH 3 CH 2 C(O)-, HOCH2CH2-, CH3OCH2CH2-, and C2H5OCH2CH2-,
- R 3 is an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbons
- R 4 is a monovalent hydrocarbon having at least one quaternary ammonium group substituent
- a 1 or 2
- b 0, 1 or 2
- step II combining 5 to 95 wt% of the mixture of step I) with 5 to 95 wt% of water to form an aqueous microemulsion.
- the mixture formed in step I) consists essentially of components a) and b).
- microemulsion compositions can be employed in the treatment of various surfaces encompassing concrete and masonry products, textiles, paper, paperboard, leather products, and cellulosic materials.
- the present emulsions are applied or incorporated into various articles or materials. Examples of leather products are garments, shoes and boots. Textiles include awnings, tents, tarpaulins, rainwear, covers, slickers, canvas, asbestos, fiberglass, natural fibers, peat moss, natural and synthetic yarns, woven and nonwoven materials, carpets and carpet fibers.
- Cellulosic materials contemplated herein for treatment include wood, wood products, fiberboard, cedar, redwood, firs, plywood, and structural timbers.
- Concrete and masonry surfaces which may be treated include products and surfaces of heavy and light weight concrete, gypsum, concrete blocks, cinder blocks, soft mud bricks, sand lime bricks, drain tiles, ceramic tiles, sandstone, plaster, clay bricks, natural stones and rocks, roofing tiles, calcium silicate bricks, asbestos cement, slag stones and bricks, stucco, limestone, macadam, marble, grout, mortar, terrazzo, clinker, pumice, terra cotta, porcelain, adobe, coral, dolomite and asphalt.
- Noncementitious surfaces may be treated with the compositions of the present invention including perlite, cellular glass, vermiculite, mica and diatomaceous earth.
- perlite cellular glass
- vermiculite vermiculite
- mica diatomaceous earth.
- Representative of such materials in the examples set forth below are (i) a neutral cementitious sandstone; (ii) a basic cementitious material which was grout; and (iii) a cellulosic material which was wood in the form of pine, redwood and cedar.
- the aqueous emulsion is applied by injecting the emulsion into the construction material.
- the emulsion may be admixed in the process for preparing the construction material.
- Alkylalkoxysilane 1 n-octyltriethoxysilane, using Dow Corning ® Z-6341 as provided (Dow Corning Corporation, Midland Ml).
- Alkylalkoxysilane 2 methyltrimethoxysilane, using Dow Corning ® Z-6070 as provided (Dow Corning Corporation, Midland Ml).
- Alkylalkoxysilane 3 propyltrimethoxysilane using Dow Corning ® Z- 6264 as provided (Dow Corning Corporation, Midland Ml).
- Cationic alkoxysilane 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride using Dow Corning ® 5700 (example 1 ,2), 5772 or 6346 as provided (Dow Corning Corporation, Midland Ml).
- Organopolysiloxane 1 Dow Corning ® 3037 Intermediate, (Dow Corning
- Organopolysiloxane 2 Dow Corning ® 1 -3563 Fluid , (Dow Corning Corporation, Midland Ml) a hydroxy terminated polydimethylsiloxane having an average viscosity of 72 mm2/s at 25 Q C.
- Organopolysiloxane 3 Dow Corning ® 4-2737 Fluid(Dow Corning Corporation, Midland Ml) a hydroxy terminated polydimethylsiloxane having an average viscosity of 42 mm 2 /s at 25 Q C.
- Example 1 Dow Corning ® 4-2737 Fluid(Dow Corning Corporation, Midland Ml) a hydroxy terminated polydimethylsiloxane having an average viscosity of 42 mm 2 /s at 25 Q C.
- the emulsion were applied on the 6 faces of pieces of Fiber Reinforced Concrete boards (FRC)(5cm * 5cm * 1 cm). After complete cure of the treatment, the pieces of boards were immersed under water. One untreated sample used as reference was tested as well.
- FRC Fiber Reinforced Concrete boards
- a mixture of 54g of sand, 18g of cement was introduced into a plastic cup and mixed with a laboratory mixer to homogenize the powder blend. From 0.05 up to 0.2% of liquid additive above (per dry cement+sand weight) were mixed in 9g of water before introduction into the mixture. The mixing was continued for a further 2 minutes.
- the dry cementitious powder mixture which had been prepared had sufficient water added thereto and the resulting aqueous mixture for each sample was then poured into a pre-prepared test piece mould.
- the test piece was removed from the mould after 24 hours and allowed to cure in the lab for a further period of 7 days at a temperature of between 16 to 24°C and at 100% relative humidity.
- test pieces were dried. Dry blocks were weighed (W ⁇ y) and then immersed for a period of one hour in water, with the top surface of the block at a depth of 3cm below the water surface. After one hours the block was reweighed (W we t). The blocks were then re-immersed for 2 additional hours (to reach an immersion time of 3 hours), and reweighed. The same sequence is then re-applied to reach immersion time of 24 hours.
- Figure 2 shows the evolution of the water uptake as a function of the immersion time (First and third cycle).
- the decreased water uptake shows the effective hydrophobic treatment of the mortar when the described formulations are used as admixture.
- silane/Q9-6346/water blends were used in damp proof coursing application.
- 1 -6184 is a commercially available water repellent used for Damp Proof Coarsing to produce chemical barrier against rising damp in construction, and was tested along with the silane/Q9-6346/water blends for comparison.
- Some commercial clay-based bricks were broken into two pieces such as to reach dimension of 10106 cm, drilled with holes of either 4 or 7 mm of diameter.
- bricks were left for 1 month at room temperature to allow proper diffusion and reaction of the silane into the bricks.
- bricks were dried overnight at 40 °C to insure they are dried before the water uptake experiments. Bricks were then placed in a basin filled with 0.5 cm of water. This is enough water to insure capillarity rise through the bricks.
- Dry bricks were weighed (Wdry) and then immersed for different period of time in a basin filled with 0.5 cm water, with the top surface of the bricks (with the holes) directing upward. After different duration, the bricks were reweighed (Wwet). The bricks were then re-immersed for additional hours (to reach immersion contact time with water as given in the table), and reweighed. The same sequence is then reapplied to reach contact time up to 24 hours.
- the percentage water pick up was obtained by use of the following equation:
- solution/microemulsion means a single phase clear liquid
- creamed or phase separated means that the mixture displays two layers with a visible interface where each layer can be either clear or cloudy.
Abstract
Description
Claims
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KR1020127018921A KR101830289B1 (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2010-12-22 | Aqueous emulsions of alkylalkoxysilanes |
JP2012546186A JP5602245B2 (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2010-12-22 | Aqueous emulsion of alkylalkoxysilane |
EP10801769.0A EP2516354B1 (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2010-12-22 | Aqueous emulsions of alkylalkoxysilanes |
US13/515,321 US9051221B2 (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2010-12-22 | Aqueous emulsions of alkylalkoxysilanes |
CN2010800553457A CN102652120A (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2010-12-22 | Aqueous emulsions of alkylalkoxysilanes |
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US9232363B2 (en) | 2010-10-25 | 2016-01-05 | Sca Ipla Holdings Inc. | Communications systems and method |
CN103205197A (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2013-07-17 | 徐州彭禾节能环保科技有限公司 | Organosilicon water-proofing agent for perlite insulation board |
WO2017064624A1 (en) | 2015-10-12 | 2017-04-20 | Wacker Metroark Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. | Self-dispersible mixture silicon additive composition, its emulsion and its use thereof |
US10766825B2 (en) | 2015-10-12 | 2020-09-08 | Wacker Metroark Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. | Self-dispersible mixture silicon additive composition, its emulsion and its use thereof |
Also Published As
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KR101830289B1 (en) | 2018-02-20 |
JP2013515161A (en) | 2013-05-02 |
EP2516354A1 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
KR20120104612A (en) | 2012-09-21 |
US20120247363A1 (en) | 2012-10-04 |
EP2516354B1 (en) | 2017-11-15 |
US9051221B2 (en) | 2015-06-09 |
CN102652120A (en) | 2012-08-29 |
JP5602245B2 (en) | 2014-10-08 |
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