WO2011079527A1

WO2011079527A1 - Solar collecting panel of composite ceramic material and solar fluted air duct

Info

Publication number: WO2011079527A1
Application number: PCT/CN2010/002247
Authority: WO
Inventors: 曹树梁; 许建华; 蔡滨; 王启春; 石延岭; 许建丽; 杨玉国; 修大鹏; 谷胜利
Original assignee: 山东天虹弧板有限公司
Priority date: 2010-01-04
Filing date: 2010-12-31
Publication date: 2011-07-07
Also published as: CN201992891U; CN102062486B; CN102062486A

Abstract

A solar collecting panel of composite ceramic material and a solar fluted air duct are provided. The solar collecting panel has a rectangular shape and is constituted of a common ceramic solid flat plate and a sintered black ceramic layer covering the flat plate. The black ceramic layer is vanadium-titanium black ceramic layer, waste residue black ceramic layer or ores black ceramic layer, whose surface is coarse and distributed with tiny holes. Two sides along the longitude direction of the solar collecting panel are provided with side plates respectively to form a solar collecting fluted plate. The bottom and the outsides of lateral sides of the fluted plate are provided with a bottom plate and two side plates respectively, and a transparent plate is provided on the top of the two side plates to form a solar collecting fluted channel with a front and back end opened. The solar fluted air duct is formed of multiple solar collecting fluted channels, which are connected with one another end to end.

Description

Composite ceramic solar collector plate and solar trough air duct

Technical field

The invention relates to a solar energy utilization technology, and is a composite ceramic solar heat collecting plate and a solar trough air duct. Specifically, it is a low-cost, long-life, solid-state ceramic solid plate or a common ceramic solid groove plate made of industrial waste, natural minerals and common ceramic raw materials rich in the fourth-period transition metal element. The heat collecting plate generates a hot air by using a solar trough air duct manufactured by a solar heat collecting plate. The hot air supplies heat to the building or is used to heat the air on a large scale on the slopes and deserts, and drives the turbine to generate electricity by the rising hot air flow. Background technique

In recent years, some countries have developed a research experiment on solar thermal power generation called “solar greenhouse chimney”. The solar greenhouse chimney power generation system is mainly composed of a chimney, a greenhouse and a generator and an energy storage device. The greenhouse is the same as the ordinary cultivated greenhouse, and the air heated by the greenhouse flows through the chimney in the center of the greenhouse to generate an air flow, which drives the air turbine to drive the generator. Power generation. The "solar greenhouse chimney" has a large investment, the hot air temperature obtained by heating the greenhouse is relatively low, and the power generation system is not efficient.

Another black ceramic surface layer of the composite ceramic solar hollow heat collecting plate absorbs sunlight energy, heats the air in the cavity of the hollow plate, and uses the heat energy of the hot air and the kinetic energy of the hot air to provide heat energy to the building or drive the air turbine. Drive the generator to generate electricity.

The use of composite ceramic solar hollow panels to make solar air ducts has many advantages, but it has been found through trial and error and continuous research by the inventors that it still lacks: When building ceramic solar wind tunnels in desert areas, it is necessary to build large-scale solar winds. Road, composite ceramic solar hollow board is limited by the ceramic production process. The height and width of the tunnel are generally between 20 and 50 mm, which cannot meet the requirements. The manufacturing process of manufacturing large-channel composite ceramic solar hollow board is very complicated and difficult in process. At the same time, the composite ceramic solar hollow plate has a large heat capacity, and absorbs a large amount of heat energy in the solar air channel, thereby consuming energy in the solar air channel and affecting the wind power of the solar air channel. The above-mentioned deficiencies make the production cost of the solar air duct relatively high, and the technical implementation scheme is quite complicated and low in efficiency.

Summary of the invention

One of the present inventions 1 provides a composite ceramic solar heat collecting plate, and the second object of the present invention is to provide A composite ceramic solar trough air duct, which can solve the deficiencies in the prior art, greatly reduce the manufacturing cost of the solar air duct, and make the solar air duct have a long service life and high efficiency.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a composite ceramic solar collector plate having a rectangular shape, the base of which is a solid ceramic solid plate, and a flat surface of a common ceramic solid plate covered with a sintered black porcelain layer. The ordinary ceramic solid plate and the black ceramic layer sintered on the surface constitute a composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate. The black ceramic layer covered by the ordinary ceramic solid plate is a vanadium titanium black porcelain layer with a rough surface, covered with tiny holes or black slag. The layer is either a mineral black porcelain layer. The composite ceramic solar collector solid plate has side plates on both sides in the longitudinal direction, and the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate is integrated with the side plates on both sides in the longitudinal direction thereof, and the cross section is groove-shaped, and the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate is integrated. And the side plates on both sides in the longitudinal direction thereof constitute a composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid groove plate. 5毫米。 The thickness of the thickness of the ceramic layer is 0. 05-0. 5 mm. The method for preparing the composite ceramic solar heat collecting plate comprises covering the vanadium tailings or other industrial wastes other than the vanadium tailings or the mixed slurry of the industrial minerals and the ceramic raw materials in a conventional ceramic forming method. One side of the ceramic plate blank is dried and fired to form a base ceramic which is a common ceramic, and the surface layer is a vanadium-titanium black porcelain layer or a waste black ceramic layer or a mineral black ceramic layer composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate. The composite ceramic solar trough air duct produced by the composite ceramic solar collector plate is provided with a non-ceramic material bottom plate under the bottom plane of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate, and the first side plate is respectively disposed on both sides of the bottom plate length direction. And a second side plate, a transparent plate is mounted on the top of the first side plate and the second side plate, and the bottom plate, the first side plate, the second side plate and the transparent plate made of non-ceramic materials are connected to each other to form upper, lower, left and right closed, front and rear ends In the open solar heat collecting trough channel, the bottom plane of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate is in close contact with the bottom plate, and the two sides of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate are in close contact with the first side plate and the second side plate, respectively. The front end opening and the rear end opening of the plurality of composite ceramic solar heat collecting trough channels are connected to each other to form a composite ceramic solar trough air duct. A transparent plate is mounted on the top plates of the two sides of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid groove plate, and the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid groove plate and the transparent plate are formed to be closed up and down and left and right, and the front and rear ends are open solar heat collecting trough channels, A plurality of composite ceramic solar heat collecting trough channel front end openings and rear end openings are connected to each other to form a composite ceramic solar trough air duct. The bottom plate, the first side plate and the second side plate made of the non-ceramic material are integrated, and the cross section is groove-shaped, and the gold is used. The plate is pressed and formed. The transparent plate is a tempered glass plate. The composite ceramic solar trough air duct construction method of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting plate installs the composite ceramic solar trough air duct on the slope or the desert with a certain slope, and the sunlight passes through the transparent cover plate. The dark or black underside and/or inner side of the composite ceramic solar collector plate absorbs sunlight and heats the air in the channel plate, propelling the turbine to generate electricity with a rising flow of hot air. The composite ceramic solar trough air duct is installed on the roof of the building or the air is heated on the sunny wall to provide hot air into the building.

Spraying a slurry of vanadium tailings or other industrial wastes rich in fourth-cycle transition metal elements or a mixture of industrial minerals rich in fourth-cycle transition metal elements and other ceramic raw materials in a dry state One side of the ordinary ceramic solid plate blank or sprayed on the inner bottom surface and the inner side surface of the dried ordinary ceramic solid concave groove plate blank, dried and fired, the base is ordinary ceramic, the surface layer or the inner surface layer of the groove It is a composite ceramic solar collector solid plate or composite ceramic solar collector solid groove plate which is rough, covered with tiny holes, vanadium-titanium black porcelain layer or waste black ceramic layer or mineral black porcelain layer. The slurry is sprayed on the dried green body to form a rough surface with irregularities, and the rough surface is covered with capillary pores, and is fired into a rough, surface layer covered with tiny holes, and the sunlight is irradiated on the rough surface and into the minute holes. It is difficult to escape, forming a sun trap and increasing the sun absorption ratio.

A transparent plate is installed on the top plates of the two sides of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid groove plate, and the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid groove plate and the transparent plate are formed to be closed up and down, left and right, and the front and rear ends are open solar heat collecting channels, and the plurality of pieces are The front end opening and the rear end opening of the solar heat collecting channel are connected to each other to form a composite ceramic solar trough air duct, or a composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid flat plate is mounted on the inner bottom surface of the solid groove plate made of non-ceramic material. The solid groove plate made of ceramic material is provided with a transparent plate at the top of both sides of the plate, a solid groove plate made of non-ceramic material, a composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate and a transparent plate are formed to be closed up and down, left and right, and the front and rear ends are open solar collectors. The hot channel connects the front end openings and the rear end openings of the plurality of solar heat collecting channels to each other to form a composite ceramic solar trough air duct.

The solid concave groove plate made of the non-ceramic material is press-formed with a metal plate, especially by a corrosion-resistant color steel plate.

The transparent plate is a glass plate or a tempered glass plate or an organic material transparent plate. The composite ceramic solar trough air duct is installed on the slope or desert in a certain gradient, the sunlight passes through the transparent cover plate, and the dark or black bottom surface and/or the inner side of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting trough plate absorbs sunlight and is heated. The air in the trough plate drives the turbine to generate electricity with an elevated flow of hot air.

A composite ceramic solar channel is installed on the roof of a building or heated on a sunny wall to provide hot air into the building. ·

The composite ceramic solar collector plate of the invention adopts vanadium-titanium black porcelain or waste slag black porcelain or mineral black porcelain as the sunlight absorbing material, and the vanadium-titanium black porcelain is smelted by vanadium-titanium magnetite to obtain vanadium-containing molten iron, containing vanadium. The molten iron is blown to obtain vanadium slag. The residue remaining after extracting vanadium from the vanadium slag is the vanadium tailings, and the vanadium tailings are black or dark ceramics made of one of the raw materials or raw materials; Black porcelain is all industrial wastes other than vanadium tailings, which are more than 5% of the total amount of Fe, Mn, Ti, V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Co, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, W compounds. Or a black or dark ceramic made of one of the raw materials; the mineral black porcelain is a total of 5 compounds of Fe, Mn, Ti, V, Cr, Ni, CLU CO, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, W % of the metal mineral is a black or dark ceramic made from one of the raw materials or raw materials.

Other industrial wastes other than vanadium tailings according to the present invention include ferroalloy industrial waste residue, steel industry waste residue, non-ferrous metallurgical industry waste residue, and chemical industry waste residue. The ferroalloy industrial waste slag contains MnO 5-50%, FeO 0.2-2.5%, and the silicon chromium alloy slag contains Cr ₂ 0 _: , 0.1-5%, Cr 2-10.5%, SiC 4-22% , Si 7-8%, medium, low, micro carbon ferrochrome slag containing CrA 2-7%, FeO 1-3%, ferrosilicon slag containing FeO 3-7%, SiC 20-29%, Si 7-10% , tungsten iron slag contains MnO 20-25%, FeO 3-9%, molybdenum iron slag contains FeO 13-15%, metal chromium leaching slag contains Ci'A 2-7%, FeA8-13%, metal chromium smelting slag CrA 11-14%, electrolytic manganese slag containing MnSO., about 15%, Fe (OH) 30%, silicomanganese slag containing MnO 8-18%, FeO 0.2-2%, silicomanganese soot containing Mn0 ₂ 20 24%, The nickel-iron slag contains 40% FeO and 40% CrA. Steel slag in steel industry contains FeA 1.4-11%, FeO 7-21%, MnO 0.9-4.5%, and flat furnace steel slag contains Fe 0 _:1 1.7-7.4%, FeO 7-36%, MnO 0.6 3.9%, steel oxide oxidation The iron sheet contains Fe ₂ 0 _:1 close to 100%, the vanadium-titanium magnetite iron slag contains Ti0 ₂ 10- 17%, FeA about 4%, and the vanadium-titanium magnetite steelmaking slag contains 11_13% iron oxide, MnO 1-1.2 %, V.A2.3-2.9%, 2-2.9%. In the non-ferrous metallurgical industry, the electric furnace copper slag contains FeO 26-34%, the copper blast furnace water quenching slag is commonly called black sand) contains Fe0+ Fe A 40-50%, and the wet copper leaching slag contains Fe 50%, Cu 1. 13%, Pb 1.05%, Zn 0.2%, Bi 0.15%, Mn 0.04%, lead ashing furnace water quenching slag is a blast furnace that produces lead smelting Slag fuming furnace and then the recycling of lead, zinc spoil the contents of _{Fe 2 0 :, 38. 6- 38. 7} %, Pb 0. 06-0. 37%, Zn 0. 8-1. 3%, When the A1A is manufactured by the aluminum smelting plant, the waste sludge is discharged from the red mud containing FeA 8-10% and Ti0 ₂ 2.5%. The pyrite slag produced by the pyrite produced in the chemical industry waste slag contains Fe ₂ 0 _:i 41% to 49%, FeO 10-10. 4%, TiO 0. 4-0. 5%, MnO 0.1-1.5%, CuO 2-4%.

The metal mineral of the present invention refers to ordinary iron ore, maroon, containing Fe 0 _{: <} 30- 70%, chromite, dark red, containing Cr A 30-54%, FeO 12-17%, ilmenite , black purple, containing TiO 50-60%, FeO 22-35%, Fe ₂ 0 ₃ 7- 15%, MnO 0. 5-4%, manganese ore, dark brown, MnO, 40-78%, Mn _{: i} 0 „ 4-32%, Fe 1-18%, nickel-containing limonite, brown, containing Ni 1. 2-1. 4%, Co 0. 1-0. 2%, CrA 3%, Fe 35-50% , vanadium-titanium magnetite, black, containing V 0. 4-1. 8%, TiO, 9-34%, Fe ₂ 0 _: , 15- 50%, FeO 9-34%. MnO 0. 2-6% , Cr _z 0 ₃ 0. 1-0. 7%, coltan, black, containing NbA 9-68%, TaA 1-15%, TiO 1-3%, MnO 1-3%, SnO 2-5% FeO 12-20%, black tungsten ore, dark brown, containing W0 _: , 65- 67%, FeO 12-15%, MnO 8- 12%, Sn 0. 17 0. 8%. Use these rich transition elements The purpose of industrial waste and metal minerals is to provide a colored component to the ceramic solar panel body or surface layer, rendering the body or surface layer dark or black, allowing it to absorb more sunlight.

The composite ceramic solar collector plate and the composite ceramic solar trough air passage provided by the invention aim to reduce the cost of using solar energy, including energy cost, currency cost and environmental cost. Whether solar energy can be used on a large scale, the key problem to be solved is to reduce the cost of use. And this cost of use should be lower than the cost of using conventional energy. Otherwise, all technical solutions for solar energy to replace conventional energy sources are difficult to popularize. Therefore, the inventor of the present application has made further research from the aspects of the shape, structure, manufacturing process, raw materials and technical solutions of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting plate, and the technical solution of the present invention can solve the existing technology. Various shortcomings: Firstly, the manufacturing difficulty of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting plate is reduced, so that it becomes a solid flat plate, and the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced, so that the base material blank of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting plate can be subjected to a dry pressing forming method or a pair of rolls. The pressure forming method applies a dark or black ceramic layer material on the surface of the thin green sheet, and is sintered to form a composite ceramic solar heat collecting plate, and the thin plate having a large size can be manufactured by using the method, and the thinnest thickness can reach 2 Mm, this thickness is not available in all the composite ceramic solar collector plates in the prior art, therefore, the manufacturing cost of the composite ceramic solar collector plate according to the present invention is reduced to a low level limit; Low-density energy requires a large area of low-cost, long-life solar collectors. In order to collect a large amount of solar energy Converted into energy that is easy to use and becomes a large-scale alternative energy source. Therefore, the premise of realizing large-area solar collectors is that the solar collectors must have the characteristics of low manufacturing cost, long service life, easy manufacture and installation, and the composite ceramic solar heat collecting trough air duct of the present invention. The technical solution can fully possess the advantages of low manufacturing cost, long service life, easy availability of raw materials, easy manufacture and installation. Therefore, the technical scheme of the solar trough air duct of the present invention can be installed on the roof of the building and the sunny wall. Collecting solar energy on the surface, sending hot air into the room or heating the domestic water with solar energy or converting the hot air through the refrigeration unit for summer cooling, etc.; the technical scheme of the composite ceramic solar trough air passage according to the present invention can also be large The scale is used to heat the air on the barren slope or desert, and the generating heat is driven by the rising hot air. The comprehensive performance of the solar trough air duct technical scheme of the invention is superior to various existing schemes, and its own structure consumes extremely low energy. At present, the price of ceramic flat products as ordinary ceramic wall and floor tiles is 400 yuan per ton, ordinary steel per Tonnes 4,000 yuan, copper material is 70,000 yuan per ton. Ordinary ceramic products are one of the lowest cost and longest life engineering materials, and the cost of industrial waste is lower. The manufacturing cost of the device of the technical solution is only a fraction to a tens of the prior art, and the service life is 30-50 times higher than that of the prior art, so that the unit energy use cost is far lower than the prior art.

• Existing solar technology uses solar absorption film to absorb sunlight energy. The solar energy absorption film used in existing solar technology is a film formed by tiny particles at normal temperature or relatively low temperature, between particles, particles. The binding force formed between the substrate and the substrate is weak. At most, the molecular bond is weak. The bond energy of the molecular bond is weak and the structure is unstable. Under long-term sunlight, the sun absorption ratio is attenuated with the use time, and the effective use time is about 10 years. Generally less than 10 years. The dark or black porcelain layer of the present invention is a ceramic material formed together with a matrix at a high temperature, and is the strongest bonding ionic bond or atomic bond, the sunlight absorption ratio is not attenuated, and the effective use time is several More than a hundred years, even with a longer service life.

The solar trough air duct technical scheme of the invention is simple to manufacture and convenient in construction, and provides an easy and safe and reliable technical guarantee for laying large-scale solar collectors in deserts, barren slopes and the like. The technical solution of the invention can be made into a large-sized solar trough air duct, which can minimize the heat capacity of the composite ceramic solar collector panel and the composite ceramic solar collector trough panel in the solar air duct, and consume the energy drop in the air duct. At the minimum, the area occupied by the air duct is minimized, the system structure is simplified to a minimum, and the indirect heating is changed to direct heating, so that the efficiency of the solar air duct is at a high level. The solar greenhouse chimney power generation system mainly produces hot air from the greenhouse. The indoor and outdoor temperature difference is about 30 degrees. The solar trough air duct absorbs sunlight from the black porcelain layer, and generates hot air with the composite ceramic solar trough air duct. The temperature difference between the inner and outer air ducts is 60 degrees. Above, the generated wind speed, wind pressure, and power generation efficiency are much higher than the solar greenhouse chimney power generation system. DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic structural view of a composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate; FIG. 2 is a structural schematic view of a composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid groove plate; FIG. 3 is one embodiment of the solar heat collecting trough channel according to the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the second embodiment of the solar heat collecting trough channel according to the present invention; and FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the solar heat collecting trough air duct according to the present invention.

detailed description

The composite ceramic solar heat collecting plate of the present invention comprises two structures, one structure is as follows: as shown in FIG. 1, it is rectangular, and its base body is a common ceramic solid flat plate 1 on a flat surface of a common ceramic solid flat plate 1. Covering a layer of sintered black porcelain layer 2, the ordinary ceramic solid plate 1 and the black ceramic layer 2 sintered on the surface thereof constitute a composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate 3, and the black ceramic layer 2 covered on the ordinary ceramic solid plate 1 is rough surface, cloth The vanadium-titanium black ceramic layer filled with tiny holes is either a black slag layer or a mineral black porcelain layer. Another structure is as follows: As shown in FIG. 2, side plates are respectively disposed on both sides of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate 3 in the longitudinal direction, and the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate 3 is integrated with the side plates on both sides in the longitudinal direction thereof. The cross-section has a groove shape, and the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate 3 and the side plates on both sides in the longitudinal direction thereof constitute a composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid groove plate 4. The surface of the inner bottom surface and the inner side surface of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid groove plate 4 are covered with a sintered black porcelain layer 2, which is a vanadium titanium black ceramic layer having a rough surface, covered with minute holes or a black residue. The porcelain layer is either a mineral black porcelain layer.

The thickness of the thickness of the black ceramic layer 2 is 0. 05 mm, and the thickness of the black ceramic layer 2 is 0. 05. The thickness of the black ceramic layer 2 is preferably 0.5 mm, which is a solution capable of achieving the object of the present invention and achieving an optimum effect at a relatively inexpensive cost. A further preferred embodiment of the thickness of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate 3 of the present invention is 3 mm. The thickness of the composite ceramic solar collector solid groove plate 4 can also be 3-12 mm, which is a relatively cost-saving solution under the existing manufacturing process conditions, the composite ceramic solar collector solid The thickness of the groove plate 4 is preferably 5 mm. When the thickness of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate 3 and the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid groove plate 4 is larger, the manufacturing cost is relatively higher, and the thickness of the composite ceramic solar hollow heat collecting plate in the prior art is 25 More than a millimeter.

The composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate 3 and the black ceramic layer 2 on the surface of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid groove plate 4 of the invention are all made of industrial waste, and a scheme for reducing cost and better heat absorption effect is formed.

In order to accomplish the second object of the present invention, a composite ceramic solar trough air duct is fabricated by using a composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate 3 or a composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid groove plate 4.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, the composite ceramic solar trough air duct is made by using the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid flat plate 3: a bottom plate 5 made of non-ceramic material is installed under the bottom plane of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid flat plate 3, The first side plate 6 and the second side plate 7 are respectively disposed on both sides of the bottom plate 5 in the longitudinal direction, the transparent plate 8 is mounted on the top of the first side plate 6 and the second side plate 7, and the bottom plate 5 and the first side plate are made of non-ceramic material. 6. The second side plate 7 and the transparent plate 8 are connected to each other to form a solar heat collecting trough channel which is closed up, down, left and right, and has an open front and rear end. The bottom plane of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate 3 is in close contact with the bottom plate 5, and is composited. The two sides of the ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate 3 are in close contact with the side 6 and the second side plate 7, respectively, and the front end opening and the rear end of the plurality of composite ceramic solar heat collecting trough channels are interconnected to form a composite ceramic solar trough. Shaped airway, sunlight passes through transparent plate 8, sunlight energy is absorbed by black porcelain layer ^heats air, provides hot air to the building or drives air turbine with rising hot air flow Drive generators ΐ|

As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the composite ceramic solar trough air duct is made of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid groove plate 4: the transparent plate 8 is mounted on the top of the two sides of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid groove plate 4. The composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid groove plate 4 and the transparent plate 8 are formed to be closed up and down and left and right, and the front and rear ends are open solar heat collecting trough channels, and the front end and the rear end of the multi-component composite ceramic solar heat collecting trough channel are opened. The openings are connected to each other to form a composite ceramic solar channel, and the sunlight passes through the transparent plate 8. The sunlight energy is absorbed by the black porcelain layer and heats the air, providing hot air to the building or driving the air turbine with the rising hot air to drive electricity. Machine power generation.

The s. 5 meters and so on, so the front and rear ends of the solar heat collecting channel are connected to each other to form a composite ceramic solar trough air duct, as shown in Figure 5, so that it can be made A few tens of meters, even a few hundred meters in length, many composite ceramic solar trough air passages are parallel and juxtaposed, and their total width can reach several hundred meters, even several kilometers. In short, there is basically no limit according to design needs. . The technical solution described in the present invention has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, can be made into any size, long service life, easy to install, and easy to manufacture. Therefore, it can be laid in a large area, and the solar energy collected in a large area is used for indoor heating. , refrigeration, and various applications such as large-scale solar power generation in desert areas, can truly achieve the use of inexpensive devices to collect a large amount of solar energy to replace conventional energy sources.

The bottom plate 5, the first side plate 6 and the second side plate 7 made of the non-ceramic material according to the present invention are integrated, and have a groove shape in section, and are press-formed with a metal plate. In particular, the use of color steel sheet press molding, which is easy to manufacture and install, and has a relatively long service life, is one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and of course, it can also be made of concrete. The transparent plate 8 of the present invention is preferably a tempered glass plate.

The composite ceramic solar heat collecting plate according to the present invention is prepared by coating a vanadium tailings residue or other industrial waste residue other than the vanadium tailings residue or a slurry prepared by mixing industrial minerals and ceramic raw materials with a conventional ceramic forming method. Forming one side of the dried ceramic plate blank, and then drying it into a base material is a common ceramic, and the surface layer is a vanadium-titanium black porcelain layer or a waste black ceramic layer or a mineral black ceramic layer composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid. The flat plate, this manufacturing method has the lowest cost, simple manufacturing process and easy implementation.

In order to reduce the heat dissipation rate in the composite ceramic solar trough air duct, the present invention can cover the thermal insulation layer at the bottom and the outer side of the composite ceramic solar energy trough duct.

The construction method of the composite ceramic solar trough air duct made by the composite ceramic solar heat collecting plate of the invention is that the composite ceramic solar trough air duct is installed on the waste slope or the desert with a certain slope, and the sunlight passes through The transparent cover, the dark or black bottom surface and/or the inner side of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting trough plate absorbs sunlight and heats the air in the trough plate to drive the turbine to generate electricity with the rising hot air flow.

The composite ceramic solar trough air duct constructed by the composite ceramic solar collector board according to the present invention is constructed by installing a composite ceramic solar trough air duct on the roof of a building or heating the air on the sunny wall surface. Hot air is provided inside the building.

The base body of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate 3 and the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid groove plate according to the present invention adopts ordinary ceramic raw materials without whiteness requirement, and is pressed into ceramics according to design dimensions by dry pressing molding. The flat plate is made of ceramic, or the ceramic green plate is made by the grooved roll-to-roll method, and 65% of the vanadium tailings and 35% of the common porcelain are extracted by weight, and the slurry is added with water to obtain the ferromanganese. 45% of slag, 20% of pyrite cinder and 35% of ordinary china clay, add water to grind mud, or take 50% of manganese ore, 10% of black tungsten ore and 40% of ordinary china clay by weight ratio, add water to grind mud, spray mud On the upper surface of the dried ceramic slab blank or the upper surface of the bottom plate of the ceramic slab blank and the inner surface of the side plate, dried and fired to form a composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate or a composite ceramic solar collector solid groove plate 4.

The composite ceramic solar trough air passage of the invention can be installed in the northwestern part of China to find a mountain range with a height of about 800 meters and a hillside with a wide slope. The mountain ridge is extended to the top of the mountain to construct a wind tunnel with a diameter of 40 meters, and 80 square kilometers is installed on the hillside. That is, 80 million square meters of composite ceramic solar collector trough air duct, air duct installed in the air duct, under the sun, hot air pushes the air turbine to drive the generator to generate electricity with a power of about 500,000 kilowatts.

Looking for a mountain range of about 800 meters in the Sahara Desert, a "chimney" with a diameter of 50 meters and a height of 200 meters is built on the top of the mountain. Several air passages with a diameter of 10-20 meters are connected to the "chimney" to trim the desert south of the mountain. As a slope, a simple factory was built on site, and a roll of color steel plate with a thickness of 1.5 mm was pressed into a width of 1000 mm and a height of 200 mm, 400 mm, and 600 mm by continuous roll forming. A concave groove plate with a length of 1000 m. A composite ceramic solar collector solid plate 3 with a length of 1000 mm, a width of 1000 mm and a thickness of 3 mm is mounted on the inner bottom surface of the concave groove plate, and is mounted on the top of both sides of the concave groove plate. The tempered glass plate with a thickness of 4 mm forms a solar heat collecting channel, and the front end opening and the rear end opening of the solar heat collecting channel with the groove height of 200 mm, 400 mm and 600 mm are connected to each other to form a composite ceramic solar trough with a total length of 3000 m. The air duct has a large cross-sectional area communicating with the air passage, and a plurality of such composite ceramic solar trough air passages are arranged in parallel and communicate with the air passage, with a total area of 300 square meters. In the air duct and the bottom of the "chimney", an air turbine is installed. Under the sunlight, the hot air pushes the air turbine to drive the generator to generate electricity with a power of about 2 million kilowatts. The wind speed of hot air is determined by the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the air duct, and the power generation is proportional to the cube of the wind speed. The Sahara Desert covers an area of 9.6 million square kilometers and is 15-30 degrees north latitude. It is extremely dry and is the most intense area on the earth. The energy per square meter is equivalent to the average energy consumption of ordinary Chinese households. The desert area is very dry, and the color steel plate is not easily corroded. The above air duct can have a long service life. The deserts of North America are mountainous. In the North American desert, we look for a series of barren beaches, barren slopes and peaks. The height difference from the lowest point to the highest point is about 1200 meters. The air passages with a diameter of 10 meters to 40 meters are gradually enlarged. From the barren beach to the top of the mountain, a composite ceramic solar collector solid groove plate 4 with a length of 1200 mm, a width of 800 mm, a groove height of 150 mm and a wall thickness of 5 mm is used on both sides of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid groove plate 4. A tempered glass plate with a thickness of 4 mm is installed on the top of the plate to form a solar heat collecting channel. The channel is connected end to end to a length of 500 meters. The air passages are arranged in parallel with the air passage, with a total area of 100 square kilometers. An air turbine is installed in the air passage. Under the sunlight, the hot air drives the air turbine to drive the generator to generate electricity with a power of about 600,000 kilowatts.

In the figure, 9 is the front end opening of the solar heat collecting trough channel, and 10 is the rear end opening of the solar heat collecting trough channel.

Claims

1. Composite ceramic solar collector plate, characterized in that: it is rectangular, the base is a common ceramic solid plate (1), and a flat surface of a common ceramic solid plate (1) is covered with a layer of sintered black porcelain ( 2), ordinary ceramic solid plate (1) black ceramic layer sintered on its surface (2) constitutes a composite ceramic solar collector solid plate (3), ordinary ceramic solid plate (1) covered with black porcelain layer (2) is the surface Rough, vanadium-titanium black ceramic layer covered with tiny holes or black slag layer or mineral black porcelain layer.

2. The composite ceramic solar heat collecting plate according to claim 1, wherein: the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate (3) is provided with side plates on both sides in the longitudinal direction, and a composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate (3) The side plate on both sides of the length direction is a unitary structure, and the cross section is groove-shaped. The composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate (3) and the side plates on both sides of the longitudinal direction form a composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid groove plate (4) ).

3. The composite ceramic solar collector plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: a composite ceramic solid plate (3) or a composite ceramic solar collector solid groove plate (4) of a common ceramic solid plate (1) The thickness of the black porcelain layer (2) is 0.05-0.5 mm.

The method for manufacturing a composite ceramic solar heat collecting plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vanadium tailings or other industrial wastes other than the vanadium tailings or the slurry of industrial minerals and ceramic raw materials are mixed and ground. In the conventional ceramic molding method, the dried ceramic plate blank is molded, and then dried and fired to form a matrix which is a common ceramic, and the surface layer is a vanadium-titanium black porcelain layer or a waste black ceramic layer or a mineral black porcelain layer. Composite ceramic solar collector solid plate (3).

The composite ceramic solar channel air duct produced by the composite ceramic solar heat collecting plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the non-installation of the bottom surface of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate (3) a bottom plate (5) made of a ceramic material, a first side plate (6) and a second side plate (7), a first side plate (6) and a second side plate (7) respectively disposed on both sides of the bottom plate (5) in the longitudinal direction The top is mounted with a transparent plate (8), the bottom plate (5) made of non-ceramic material, the first side plate (6), the second side plate (7) and the transparent plate (8) are connected to each other to form an upper, lower, left and right closed front and rear end. For the open solar heat collecting trough channel, the bottom plane of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate (3) is in close contact with the bottom plate (5), and the two sides of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid plate (3) are respectively separated from the first side The plate (6) and the second side plate (7) are in close contact, and the front end opening and the rear end opening of the plurality of composite ceramic solar heat collecting trough channels are connected to each other to form a composite ceramic solar trough air duct.

6. The composite ceramic solar trough air duct produced by the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid trough plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: the top of the two sides of the composite ceramic solar heat collecting solid groove plate (4) is installed. The transparent plate (8), the composite ceramic solar collector solid groove plate (4) and the transparent plate (8) are formed by upper and lower left and right sides, and the front and rear ends are open solar heat collecting trough channels, and the multiple composite ceramic solar collectors are collected. The front end opening and the rear end opening of the trough channel are connected to each other to form a composite ceramic solar trough air duct.

7. The composite ceramic solar trough air duct produced by the composite ceramic solar heat collecting plate according to claim 5, wherein: the non-ceramic material is made of a bottom plate (5), a first side plate (6), and The second side plate (7) is integrated and has a groove shape in section, and is press-formed with a metal plate.

The composite ceramic solar channel air duct produced by the composite ceramic solar heat collecting plate according to claim 5, wherein the transparent plate (8) is a tempered glass plate.

The composite ceramic solar trough air duct construction method according to any one of claims 5, 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that: the composite ceramic solar trough air duct is A certain slope is installed on the slope or on the desert. The sunlight passes through the transparent cover. The dark or black bottom surface and/or the inner side of the composite ceramic solar collector plate absorbs sunlight and heats the air in the groove plate to rise. The hot air stream drives the turbine to generate electricity.

10. The method for constructing a composite ceramic solar trough air duct produced by the composite ceramic solar heat collecting plate according to any one of claims 5, 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that: the composite ceramic solar trough air duct is installed Heat the air on the roof of the building or on the sunny wall to provide hot air to the building.