WO2011056607A1 - COORDINATED MULTI-POINT (CoMP) NETWORK AND PROTOCOL ARCHITECTURE - Google Patents
COORDINATED MULTI-POINT (CoMP) NETWORK AND PROTOCOL ARCHITECTURE Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011056607A1 WO2011056607A1 PCT/US2010/054162 US2010054162W WO2011056607A1 WO 2011056607 A1 WO2011056607 A1 WO 2011056607A1 US 2010054162 W US2010054162 W US 2010054162W WO 2011056607 A1 WO2011056607 A1 WO 2011056607A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/022—Site diversity; Macro-diversity
- H04B7/024—Co-operative use of antennas of several sites, e.g. in co-ordinated multipoint or co-operative multiple-input multiple-output [MIMO] systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
- H04W72/27—Control channels or signalling for resource management between access points
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
- H04B7/0621—Feedback content
- H04B7/063—Parameters other than those covered in groups H04B7/0623 - H04B7/0634, e.g. channel matrix rank or transmit mode selection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
- H04B7/0621—Feedback content
- H04B7/0632—Channel quality parameters, e.g. channel quality indicator [CQI]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
- H04B7/0636—Feedback format
- H04B7/0639—Using selective indices, e.g. of a codebook, e.g. pre-distortion matrix index [PMI] or for beam selection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
- H04W92/16—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices
- H04W92/20—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices between access points
Definitions
- aspects of the present disclosure relate generally to wireless communication systems, and more particularly to a coordinated multi-point network and protocol architecture.
- CDMA code division multiple access
- TDMA time division multiple access
- FDMA frequency division multiple access
- 3 GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
- LTE Long Term Evolution
- OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
- a wireless multiple-access communication system can simultaneously
- the forward link refers to the communication link from the base stations to the terminals
- the reverse link refers to the communication link from the terminals to the base stations.
- This communication link may be established via a single- input single-output (SISO), multiple-input single -output (MISO) or a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system.
- SISO single- input single-output
- MISO multiple-input single -output
- MIMO multiple-input multiple-output
- a MIMO system employs multiple (NT) transmit antennas and multiple (NR) receive antennas for data transmission.
- a MIMO channel formed by the NT transmit and NR receive antennas may be decomposed into NS independent channels, which are also referred to as spatial channels, where ⁇ s ⁇ mm ⁇ r ' N R ⁇ j? acn 0 f me - ⁇ g independent channels corresponds to a dimension.
- the MIMO system can provide improved performance (e.g., higher throughput and/or greater reliability) if the additional dimensionalities created by the multiple transmit and receive antennas are utilized.
- a MIMO system supports time division duplex (TDD) and frequency division duplex
- FDD frequency division duplex
- the forward and reverse link transmissions are on the same frequency region so that the reciprocity principle allows the estimation of the forward link channel from the reverse link channel. This enables the access point to extract transmit beamforming gain on the forward link when multiple antennas are available at the access point.
- a method of wireless communication includes receiving a measurement report from a user equipment (UE). The method also includes transmitting a coordinated multi point (CoMP) control message from a first evolved nodeB (eNodeB) to a second eNodeB at a medium access control (MAC) layer in response to the received measurement report.
- CoMP coordinated multi point
- an apparatus for wireless communication is disclosed.
- apparatus includes means for receiving a measurement report from a UE and means for transmitting CoMP control messages from a first eNodeB to a second eNodeB in response to the received measurement report.
- the CoMP control messages can be transmitted at a MAC layer of the first eNodeB and in connection with scheduling decisions of the first eNodeB.
- a computer program product for wireless communications in a wireless network has program code recorded thereon which, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations of receiving a measurement report transmitted by a UE.
- the program code also causes the one or more processors to generate, in response to the received measurement report, CoMP control messages which are transmitted from a first eNodeB to a second eNodeB at a MAC layer.
- An apparatus for wireless communication having a memory and at least one processor coupled to the memory is disclosed in a further embodiment.
- the one or more processors are configured to receive a measurement report from a UE and to transmit CoMP control messages from a first eNodeB to a second eNodeB in response to the received measurement report
- the CoMP control messages can be transmitted at a MAC layer of the first eNodeB and in connection with scheduling decisions of the first eNodeB.
- FIGURE 1 illustrates an example multiple access wireless communication system
- FIGURE 2 illustrates an example block diagram of a transmitter and a receiver in a wireless communication system.
- FIGURE 3 shows aspects of a coordinated multi-point (CoMP) transmission in which multiple eNodeBs transmit to a user equipment.
- FIGURE 4 illustrates an exemplary CoMP network architecture.
- FIGURE 5 illustrates an exemplary CoMP transmission with coordinated
- FIGURE 6 illustrates an exemplary CoMP transmission with dynamic cell selection.
- FIGURE 7 illustrates a further exemplary CoMP transmission with dynamic cell
- FIGURE 8 illustrates an exemplary CoMP transmission with joint transmission.
- FIGURE 9 illustrates a CoMP transmission procedure with joint transmission (JT).
- FIGURE 10A illustrates a CoMP transmission procedure with dynamic cell selection (DCS) from a serving cell.
- DCS dynamic cell selection
- FIGURE 10B illustrates a CoMP transmission procedure with dynamic cell selection (DCS) from a non-serving cell.
- DCS dynamic cell selection
- FIGURE 11 illustrates a downlink CoMP transmission procedure with coordinated scheduling/beamforming.
- FIGURE 12 illustrates an example X2 interface protocol architecture for the control plane with CoMP (X2-DL-CoMP-C).
- FIGURE 13 illustrates an example X2 interface protocol architecture for the user plane with CoMP (X2-DL-CoMP-U).
- FIGURE 14 illustrates an example control frame header structure for a DL-SCH frame protocol.
- FIGURE 15 illustrates an example control frame structure for a DL-SCH frame
- FIGURE 16 illustrates an example data frame structure for a DL-SCH frame protocol.
- FIGURE 17 illustrates an example Evolved Packet System (EPS) bearer architecture.
- FIGURE 18 illustrates an example Evolved Packet System (EPS) bearer architecture during downlink CoMP.
- EPS Evolved Packet System
- FIGURE 19 illustrates an example downlink CoMP MAC protocol data unit (PDU).
- PDU downlink CoMP MAC protocol data unit
- FIGURES 20A-B illustrate an example X2 DL CoMP Control Bearer Setup procedure between a serving eNodeB and a CCS eNodeB for two cases: successful operation and unsuccessful operation.
- FIGURES 21A-B illustrate an example X2 UE Initial DL CoMP Context Setup
- FIGURE 22 illustrates an example X2 UE DL CoMP Context Release procedure
- FIGURE 23 illustrates an example X2 UE DL CoMP Context Release procedure
- FIGURE 24 illustrates an example X2 DL CoMP E-RAB Addition procedure between a serving eNodeB and a CCS eNodeB for the case of a successful operation.
- FIGURE 25 illustrates an example X2 DL CoMP E-RAB Modify procedure between a serving eNodeB and a CCS eNodeB for the case of a successful operation.
- FIGURE 26 illustrates an example X2 DL CoMP E-RAB Release procedure, initiated by the serving eNodeB, for the case of a successful operation.
- FIGURE 27 illustrates an example X2 DL CoMP E-RAB Release Request procedure, initiated by a CCS eNodeB, for the case of a successful operation.
- FIGURE 28 illustrates an example Channel State Information procedure between a serving eNodeB and a CCS eNodeB.
- FIGURE 29 illustrates an example Scheduling Information procedure between a serving eNodeB and a CCS eNodeB.
- FIGURE 30 illustrates an example Resource Status Request procedure and an example Resource Status Indication procedure between a serving eNodeB and a CCS eNodeB.
- FIGURE 31 illustrates an example Data Transfer procedure between a serving eNodeB and a CCS eNodeB.
- FIGURE 32 is a block diagram illustrating a method of CoMP transmission.
- a CDMA network may implement a radio technology such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), CDMA2000, etc.
- UTRA includes Wideband-CDMA (W-CDMA) and Low Chip Rate (LCR).
- CDMA2000 covers IS-2000, IS-95 and IS-856 standards.
- a TDMA network may implement a radio technology such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM).
- GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
- An OFDMA network may implement a radio technology such as Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.16, IEEE 802.20, Flash- OFDM®, etc.
- E-UTRA, E-UTRA, and GSM are part of Universal Mobile
- LTE Long Term Evolution
- GSM Global System for Mobile communications
- UMTS Long Term Evolution
- LTE Long Term Evolution
- 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
- CDMA2000 is described in documents from an organization named “3rd Generation Partnership Project 2” (3GPP2).
- An access point 100 (AP) (also referred to as an evolved Node B (eNodeB, eNB)) includes multiple antenna groups, one group including antennas 104 and 106, another group including antennas 108 and 110, and an additional gropu including antennas 112 and 114. Each group of antennas and/or the area in which they are designed to communicate may be referred to as a cell. Although only one eNodeB is shown, communication system 10 may include multiple interconnected eNodeBs 100 which may be may exchange control information and data and may cooperate in the transmission of data to wireless devices.
- a user equipment (UE) 116 also referred to an Access Terminal (AT) is shown in
- communication links 118, 120, 124 and 126 may use different frequency for
- the downlink 120 may use a different frequency then that used by the uplink 118.
- the uplink 118 may use a different frequency then that used by the uplink 118.
- only one antenna is shown for each UE, one skilled in the art would understand that more than one antenna for each UE (116 and/or 122) may be used.
- the communication system 10 can be a Long Term Evolution (LTE)
- LTE is a next-generation of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), a worldwide standard for wireless communications.
- LTE systems may support coordinated multi point (CoMP). This feature can provide an interference mitigation technique for improving overall communication performance.
- CoMP coordinated multi point
- multiple eNodeBs 100 collaborate to transmit data on the downlink and/or to receive data on the uplink.
- the eNodeBs 100 can transmit the same information in parallel to one or more UEs thereby improving overall communication performance.
- FIGURE 2 shows a block diagram of a design of a base station/eNB 100 and a UE 116, which may be one of the eNodeBs and one of the UEs depicted in FIGURE 1.
- the base station 100 may be equipped with antennas 234a through 234t
- the UE 116 may be equipped with antennas 252a through 252r.
- a transmit processor 220 may receive data from a data source 212 and control information from a controller/processor 240.
- the control information may be transmitted on a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH).
- the data may be transmitted on a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), etc.
- the transmit processor 220 may process (e.g., encode and symbol map) the data and control information to obtain data symbols and control symbols, respectively.
- the transmit processor 220 may also generate reference symbols, e.g., for the PSS, SSS, and cell- specific reference signal.
- a transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple -output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, and/or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide output symbol streams to the modulators (MODs) 232a through 232t.
- Each modulator 232 may process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain an output sample stream.
- Each modulator 232 may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal.
- Downlink signals from modulators 232a through 232t may be transmitted via the antennas 234a through 234t, respectively.
- the antennas 252a through 252r receive the downlink signals from the base station 100 and can provide received signals to the demodulators (DEMODs) 254a through 254r, respectively.
- Each demodulator 254 may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) a respective received signal to obtain input samples.
- Each demodulator 254 may further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain received symbols.
- a MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from all the demodulators 254a through 254r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and provide detected symbols.
- a receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate, deinterleave, and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for the UE 116 to a data sink 260, and provide decoded control information to a controller/processor 280.
- a transmit processor 264 may receive and process data (e.g., for the PUSCH) from a data source 262 and control information (e.g., for the PUCCH) from the controller/processor 280.
- the processor 264 may also generate reference symbols for a reference signal.
- the symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 266 if applicable, further processed by the demodulators 254a through 254r (e.g., for SC-FDM, etc.), and transmitted to the base station 100.
- the uplink signals from the UE 116 are received by antennas 234, processed by the modulators 232, detected by a MIMO detector 236 if applicable, and further processed by a receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information sent by the UE 116.
- the processor 238 may provide the decoded data to a data sink 239 and the decoded control information to the controller/processor 240.
- the controllers/processors 240 and 280 may direct the operation of the base station 100 and the UE 116, respectively.
- the processor 240 and/or other processors and modules at the base station 100 may perform or direct the execution of various processes for the techniques described herein.
- the processor 280 and/or other processors and modules at the UE 116 may also perform or direct the execution of the functional blocks illustrated in FIGURES 4-13, and/or other processes for the techniques described herein.
- the memories 242 and 282 may store data and program codes for the base station 100 and the UE 116, respectively.
- a scheduler 244 may schedule UEs for data transmission on the downlink and/or uplink.
- Base station 100 may also participate in a coordinated multi-point transmission to the UE 116 with other base stations.
- the controller 240 directs a downlink transmission which includes a reference signal (RS).
- the RS can be a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) transmitted on downlink resources determined according to a cell identifier of the base station 100, or it can be some other reference signal.
- the downlink transmission from the base station 100 is received at UE 116 which may also receive downlink transmissions from one or more neighboring base stations.
- the receive processor 258 at UE 116 can detect symbols for the reference signal (e.g,. the CRS) in the downlink transmissions and, based on the reference signals, the controller/processor 280 can determine channel information for each base station, including the base station 100. In some aspects, the UE controller/processor 280 determines channel direction information (CDI) and channel magnitude information (CMI) for the received signals, which can be wide-band or can be associated with specific sub-bands of the downlink transmission. The channel information may also include a measure of residual interference which may be normalized with respect to the signal from a serving base station (e.g., the base station 100).
- CDI channel direction information
- CMI channel magnitude information
- the controller/processor 280 can direct the UE 116 to transmit a measurement report including the channel state information, the residual interference measurements, etc. for each base station from which a downlink signal was received.
- the measurement report includes channel state information for each base station in a CoMP Cooperating Set (CCS) of the UE 116.
- CCS CoMP Cooperating Set
- the UE 116 may transmit the measurement report on the PUSCH either periodically, or when triggered by the base station 100.
- the base station 100 may generate one or more CoMP control messages.
- the CoMP control messages may include
- the CoMP control messages may relate to a joint transmission (JT) mode, a coordinated scheduling/coordinated beamforming mode (CS/CB), etc.
- the base station 100 can send the CoMP control messages to other base stations, for example, base stations in the CCS of the UE 116, over the X2 interface 241.
- the CoMP control messages are generated at a medium access control
- the CoMP control messages may be generated in connection with scheduling decisions of the scheduler 244 and may include scheduling information for use by other base stations, in addition to channel state information, beamforming information, joint transmission information, etc.
- the MAC layer in the serving eNodeB 100 can make a scheduling decision based upon UE measurement reports.
- the serving eNodeB MAC layer is also the entity that processes the UE's HARQ feedback (e.g., ACK/NACK) for the data transmitted on the downlink from the serving eNodeB (and/or CCS eNodeB(s)). Therefore, the serving eNodeB MAC layer may be responsible for scheduling MAC retransmissions as well.
- FIGURE 3 illustrates an example of a coordinated multi point (CoMP) system 300 with multiple eNodeBs transmitting to a user equipment 320.
- the multiple eNodeBs 310a, 310b, 310c, 31 Od can be as described in connection with FIGURES 1-2, and are capable of communicating with each other as indicated by the connecting lines. Communication between the multiple eNodeBs 310 can be over an X2 interface 241, or a backhaul connection.
- each eNodeB 310 can communicate with any of the other eNodeBs 310.
- the eNodeB 310a is capable of communicating with any of the eNodeBs 310b, 310c, and 3 lOd.
- the quantities of eNodeBs and UE shown are for illustration only and that other quantities are possible without limiting the scope or spirit of the present disclosure.
- CoMP transmission may be used to improve the received Signal-to-Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), and thus, data rate, through enhanced spatial multiplexing or interference reduction through coordinated action by multiple eNodeBs.
- SINR Signal-to-Interference plus Noise Ratio
- data rate may be improved through enhanced spatial multiplexing or interference reduction through coordinated action by multiple eNodeBs.
- SINR Signal-to-Interference plus Noise Ratio
- coordination typically requires tight synchronization and message exchanges among the coordinating eNodeBs.
- the eNodeBs 310 of the CoMP system 300 may be organized into a variety of sets.
- a CoMP Cooperating Set (CCS) is a set of geographically separated points directly or indirectly participating in PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel) transmission to the UE 320.
- the CCS may or may not be transparent to the UE.
- CoMP Transmission Points (CTPs) are a set of points which are actively transmitting the PDSCH to a UE.
- CTPs are a subset of CCS (i.e., not all members of the CCS may be actively transmitting).
- a CoMP Measurement Set is a set of cells for which channel state or statistical information related is reported by the UE 320.
- the CMS may be the same as the CCS.
- the CMS may be determined according to the UE measurement reports and some cells may be dropped based on the measurements.
- a RRM Measurement Set RRM
- RRM Radio Resource Management
- Feedback techniques for the support of downlink CoMP may be characterized into three categories: explicit feedback, implicit feedback and UE transmission of Sounding Reference Signals (SRS).
- explicit feedback information as observed by the receiver is sent back to the transmitter without assuming any transmitter or receiver processing.
- implicit feedback information is sent back to the transmitter that use hypotheses of different transmission and/or reception processing (e.g., channel quality indication (CQI), precoder matrix indication (PMI), and rank indication (RI)).
- CQI channel quality indication
- PMI precoder matrix indication
- RI rank indication
- SRS User equipment transmissions of Sounding Reference Signals
- CSI Channel State Information
- a cyclic prefix may be added to a transmission waveform.
- a cyclic prefix is a redundant copy of an ending portion of a transmission waveform which is placed at a beginning portion of a transmission waveform to protect against multipath distortion at the receiver.
- the addition of a cyclic prefix to a transmission waveform may not always protect the useful portion of a received signal.
- the useful portion is that part of the received signal which contains the desired information bits. For example, if the useful portion of a received signal lies beyond the span of the cyclic prefix, significant performance degradation may result.
- the useful portions of a plurality of received signals must be aligned in time within a cyclic prefix window to obtain full performance benefit from CoMP.
- CoMP transmissions in the system 300 may be divided into three categories:
- coordinated scheduling/beamforming (CS/CB), dynamic Cell selection (DCS), and joint transmission (JT).
- CCS CoMP Cooperating Set
- Dynamic cell selection and joint transmission are both a type of joint processing.
- DCS dynamic cell selection
- the PDSCH transmission is from one point at a time within a CoMP cooperating set (CCS).
- CCS CoMP cooperating set
- joint transmission the PDSCH transmission is from multiple points (part of a n entire CoMP cooperating set) at a time. More particularly, data to a single UE is simultaneously transmitted from multiple transmission points.
- eNBs 310 employ an efficient network and protocol architecture to facilitate exchange of a large amount of real-time information.
- this information exchange is particularly applicable to downlink CoMP joint processing (JP) schemes such as joint transmission and dynamic cell selection.
- JP downlink CoMP joint processing
- This information is also applicable to the downlink CoMP scheme known as Coordinated
- JT involves simultaneous PDSCH transmission from multiple points at a time, where the multiple points are part of or the entire CoMP Cooperating Set (CCS). JT may be used, for example, to improve the received signal quality and/or to cancel active interference to other UEs.
- DCS involves PDSCH transmission from one point at a time within a CoMP Cooperating Set (CCS).
- CS/CB involves user scheduling or beamforming decisions coordinated among eNodeBs of the CCS.
- eNodeBs 310 may implement a protocol referred to herein as a downlink shared channel (DL-SCH) Frame Protocol (FP).
- This protocol carries both control information and data/control information, which are defined as two separate types of Frame Type in the header of the actual downlink CoMP DL-SCH messages.
- MAC Medium Access Control
- the serving eNodeB e.g., 310a
- the other eNodeBs 310b-310d will receive another downlink CoMP DL-SCH FP message which contains MAC PDUs for the HARQ retransmission.
- FIGURE 4 illustrates an example LTE downlink CoMP network architecture 400 which may operate in the manner described in connection with FIGURE 3.
- the example is illustrated for downlink CoMP transmission, however those skilled in the art will appreciate that uplink CoMP transmission may be implemented as well.
- Shown in this figure are two eNodeBs, 310a and 310b, which handle bidirectional wireless
- the eNodeBs 310a and 310b may also handle connections to personal computers 416 and 420.
- the eNodeBs 310a and 310b are interconnected over an X2 interface for both user plane and control plane exchanges between eNodeBs.
- the eNodeBs 410 and 412 may exchange information via a SI interface via the MME 422, or any other interface known to those skilled in the art. For purpose of illustration only, the following examples are described with respect to an X2 interface.
- eNodeBs 310 are connected to a Mobile Management Entity (MME) 422 over a SI -MME interface and to a Serving Gateway (SGW) 424 over an Sl-U interface.
- MME Mobile Management Entity
- SGW Serving Gateway
- the MME 422 and SGW 424 are connected by a SI 1 interface and the MME 422 is connected to a Home Subscriber Server (HSS) 428 over an S6a interface.
- HSS Home Subscriber Server
- the SGW 424 in turn is connected to a Packet Data Network Gateway (PDNGW) 426 over an S5 interface, and the PDNGW 426 is connected to an Intranet 430, Internet 432, or other application specific network architectures 434 over a SGi interface.
- PDNGW Packet Data Network Gateway
- the SGW or PDNGW serves as a mobility anchor for data bearers when the UE moves between different eNodeBs (where the SGW may change due to inter- SGW handover).
- the MME serves as a control entity for managing the signaling between the UE and the core network (CN) (where the MME may change due to inter-MME handover).
- the SGW interfaces with the packet data network gateway (PDNGW), which functions as an LTE portal to the global Internet, for example.
- the PDNGW also allocates IP addresses for the UE and enforces quality of service (QoS) based on policy rules.
- QoS quality of service
- FIGURE 5 illustrates an example downlink CoMP transmission scenario
- eNodeBs 310a and 310b transmission is provided by eNodeBs 310a and 310b to UEs 514 and 518 respectively.
- only control information is transmitted between the two eNodeBs 310.
- scheduling data for the UEs 514 and 518 is sent back and forth between the eNodeBs 310 in order to determine the appropriate beam formation. For example, this allows for narrow beam configuration to reduce or minimize interference.
- FIGURES 6 and 7 illustrates examples of downlink CoMP transmission with dynamic cell selection (DCS).
- DCS dynamic cell selection
- control information is exchanged between eNodeB 310a and eNodeB 310b to determine which cell is better suited to send data to the UE.
- the eNodeB 310a is transmitting to the UE 514 via a serving cell tower 516, because it was determined the serving cell tower 516 can obtain the best directed beam.
- the eNodeB 310b is providing transmission to the UE 514 via the cell tower 520, rather than utilizing the eNodeB 310a and the serving cell tower 516.
- both control and data messaging occurs between the eNodeBs 310, whereas in FIGURE 6 only control messaging occurs between the eNodeBs.
- Joint transmission refers to multiple downlink physical layer transmissions at a time from multiple transmission points to one or several UEs.
- joint transmission is provided by two eNodeBs 310a, 310b to two UEs 514 and 518.
- the joint transmission may provide improved transmission performance by enhanced spatial multiplexing or interference reduction through coordinated action by multiple eNodeBs.
- the other illustrated eNodeBs 310c and 3 lOd are not involved in the transmissions.
- FIGURE 9 illustrates another example of a downlink CoMP transmission procedure with joint transmission.
- the channel reports from the UEs 514 and 518 include composite propagation channel transfer functions between the eNodeBs 310a and 310b and the UEs 514 and 518 may be represented by a complex transmission or CSI matrix
- hn transfer function between the first eNodeB 310a and the first UE
- h 21 transfer function between the first eNodeB 310a and the second UE 514
- h 12 transfer function between the second eNodeB 310b and the first UE 514
- h 22 transfer function between the second eNodeB 310b and the second UE
- the downlink CoMP transmission procedure begins at steps la-d with initial reference signal transmissions (which may or may not include data transmissions) from both eNodeBs 310a, 310b to both UEs 514, 518, where each initial reference signal transmission received can be affected by one of the four elements of the complex transmission matrix H.
- initial reference signal transmissions which may or may not include data transmissions
- the first UE 514 may estimate and report back to the first eNodeB 310a the transfer functions hi 1 and hi 2.
- the second UE 518 may estimate and report back to the second eNodeB 310b the transfer functions h21 and h22.
- the eNodeBs 310a, 310b exchange their individual reported transfer functions with each other so that each eNodeB may construct an estimated complex transmission matrix H'.
- UE scheduling information may also be included a single message exchanged between the eNodeBs 310a and 310b.
- the UE scheduling information includes subframe number and physical resource
- the eNodeB 310a computes weight (i.e., precoding) wl 1 and weight w21 for the UE 514.
- the eNodeB 310b computes weight (i.e., precoding) wl2 and weight w22 for UE 518.
- the eNodeB 310a reports weight w21 via the UE 514 MAC PDU and resource/scheduling information to the eNodeB 310b.
- the eNodeB 310b reports weight wl2 via UE 518 MAC PDU and resource/scheduling information to the eNodeB 310a.
- the UE scheduling information is the same as the UE scheduling information communicated between eNodeBs in a previous block, although an efficient mapping/compression scheme may be used to convey this information.
- the eNodeB 310a transmits a weighted transmit signal wl lsl + wl2s2 and the eNodeB 310b transmits a weighted signal w21sl + w22s2.
- ni additive noise at UE 514
- n 2 additive noise at UE 518.
- the MAC PDUs are not exchanged. In other words, no data messaging occurs between the eNodeBs 310a and 310b.
- the transmission delay due to the X2 interface is small relative to the channel delay spread and the time required for the eNodeBs to exchange control information and data, then, ideally, for rl, the term (hi lwl2 + hl2w22)s2 will approach zero. Likewise, for r2, the term (h21wl 1 + h22w21)sl will approach zero.
- FIGURE 10A illustrates another example of a downlink CoMP transmission procedure with dynamic cell selection (DCS) from a serving cell 516.
- DCS dynamic cell selection
- the channel reports from the UEs 514 and 518 include composite propagation channel transfer functions between the eNodeBs 310a and 310b and the UEs 514 and 518 may be represented by a complex transmission or CSI matrix .
- the downlink CoMP transmission procedure begins at steps la-d with initial reference signal transmissions (which may or may not include data transmissions) from both eNodeBs 310, to both UEs 514, 518, where each initial reference signal transmission received is affected by one of the four elements of the complex transmission matrix H.
- initial reference signal transmissions which may or may not include data transmissions
- the first UE 514 may estimate and report back to the first eNodeB 310a the transfer functions hi 1 and hl2.
- the second UE 518 may estimate and report back to the second eNodeB 310b the transfer functions h21 and h22..
- the eNodeBs 310a, 310b exchange their individual reported transfer functions with each other so that each eNodeB may construct an estimated complex transmission matrix FT.
- UE scheduling information may also include a single message exchanged between the eNodeBs 310.
- the UE scheduling information includes subframe number and physical resource blocks to be allocated for a UE data transmission.
- the eNodeB 310a computes weight (i.e., precoding) wl 1 for the UE 514.
- the eNodeB 310b computes weight (i.e., precoding) w22 for UE 518.
- the eNodeB 310a reports weight wl 1 and resource/scheduling information to the eNodeB 310b.
- the eNodeB 310b reports weight w22 and resource/scheduling information to the eNodeB 310a.
- the UE scheduling information is the same as the UE scheduling information communicated between eNodeBs in a previous block, although an efficient mapping/compression scheme may be used to convey this information.
- the eNodeB 310a transmits a weighted transmit signal wl lsl and the eNodeB 310b transmits a weighted signal w22s2.
- ni additive noise at UE 514
- n 2 additive noise at UE 518
- FIGURE 10B illustrates another example of a downlink CoMP transmission procedure with dynamic cell selection at a non-serving cell.
- the channel reports from the UEs 514 and 518 include composite propagation channel transfer functions between the eNodeBs 310 and the UEs 514 and 518 may be represented by a complex transmission or CSI matrix.
- the downlink CoMP transmission procedure begins at steps la-d with initial reference signal transmissions from both eNodeBs 310 to both UEs 514, 518, where each initial reference signal transmission received is affected by one of the four elements of the complex transmission matrix H.
- the first UE 514 may estimate and report back to the first eNodeB 310a the transfer functions hi 1 and hi 2.
- the second UE 518 may estimate and report back to the second eNodeB 310b the transfer functions h21 and h22 in block 2.
- the eNodeBs 310a and 310b exchange their individual reported transfer functions with each other so that each eNodeB may construct an estimated complex transmission matrix FT.
- UE scheduling information may also include a single message exchanged between the eNodeBs 310.
- the UE scheduling information may include a subframe number and physical resource blocks to be allocated for a UE data transmission.
- the eNodeB 310a computes weight (i.e., precoding) w21 for the UE 514.
- the eNodeB 310b computes weight (i.e., precoding) wl2 for UE 518.
- the eNodeB 310a reports weight w21 via the UE 514 MAC PDU and resource/scheduling information to the eNodeB 310b.
- the eNodeB 310b reports weight wl2 via UE 518 MAC PDU and resource/scheduling information to the eNodeB 310a.
- the UE scheduling information is the same as the UE scheduling information communicated between eNodeBs in a previous block, although an efficient
- mapping/compression scheme may be used to convey this information.
- the eNodeB 310a transmits a weighted transmit signal wl2s2 and the eNodeB 310b transmits a weighted signal w21sl .
- ni additive noise at UE 514
- n 2 additive noise at UE 518.
- FIGURE 11 illustrates another example of a downlink CoMP transmission procedure with coordinated scheduling and beamforming (CS/CB).
- CS/CB coordinated scheduling and beamforming
- the channel reports from the UEs 514 and 518 include composite propagation channel transfer functions between the eNodeBs 310 and the UEs 514 and 518 may be represented by a complex transmission or CSI matrix
- the downlink CoMP transmission procedure begins at steps la-d with initial reference signal transmissions (which may or may not include data transmissions) from both eNodeBs 310 to both UEs 514, 518, where each initial reference signal transmission received is affected by one of the four elements of the complex transmission matrix H.
- initial reference signal transmissions which may or may not include data transmissions
- the first UE 514 may estimate and report back to the first eNodeB 310a the transfer functions hi 1 and hi 2.
- the second UE 518 may estimate and report back to the second eNodeB 310b the transfer functions h21 and h22 in block 2.
- eNodeBs 310 exchange their individual reported transfer functions with each other so that each eNodeB may construct an estimated complex transmission matrix FT.
- UE scheduling information may also include a single message exchanged between the eNodeBs 310. .
- the UE scheduling information may include a subframe number and physical resource blocks to be allocated for a UE data transmission.
- the eNodeB 310a computes weight (i.e., precoding) wl 1 for UE 514.
- the eNodeB 310b computes weight (i.e., precoding) w22 for UE 518.
- the UE scheduling information is the same as the UE scheduling information communicated between eNodeBs in a previous block, although an efficient mapping/compression scheme may be used to convey this information.
- the eNodeB 310a transmits a weighted transmit signal wl lsl and the eNodeB 512 transmits a weighted signal w22s2.
- ni additive noise at UE 514
- n 2 additive noise at UE 518.
- FIGURE 12 illustrates an example X2 interface protocol architecture for the control plane with downlink CoMP (X2-DL-CoMP-C).
- the figure shows peer-to-peer control plane communication using a downlink shared channel frame protocol (DL-SCH FP) between a serving eNodeB 710 and a CoMP coordinating set (CCS) eNodeB 712 which may be eNBs 100 as described in FIGURE 2.
- DL-SCH FP contains a frame type (FT) label of 0 in this case to indicate a control data message.
- FT frame type
- the DL-SCH messaging is transported by a layered protocol stack such as UDP/IPv4/L2/Ll, with the IEEE 802.3z Gigabit Ethernet protocol as one example L2/L1 protocol set.
- the control messaging occurs at the MAC layer.
- the control messages can be generated by the
- controller/processor 240 and the scheduler 244 and transmitted via the X2 interface 241.
- the MAC layer in the serving eNodeB 710 makes a scheduling decision based upon UE measurement reports.
- the serving eNodeB MAC layer is also the entity that processes the UE's HARQ ACK/NACKs for the data transmitted on the downlink from the serving eNodeB 710 (and/or CCS eNodeB(s)). Therefore, the serving eNodeB MAC layer is the entity that will schedule MAC retransmissions as well.
- the CCS eNodeB MAC layer scheduler only receives the scheduling information (and data) from the serving eNodeB 710 and is concerned only with scheduling UE's for which it is the serving eNodeB (in conjunction with using the scheduling information sent from the serving eNodeB to the CCS eNodeB).
- FIGURE 13 illustrates an example X2 interface protocol architecture for the user plane with CoMP (X2-DL-CoMP-U). The figure shows peer-to-peer user plane
- the DL-SCH FP contains a frame type (FT) label of 1 in this case to indicate a user data message.
- the DL-SCH messaging is transported by a layered protocol stack such as UDP/IPv4/L2/Ll, with the IEEE 802.3z Gigabit Ethernet protocol as one example L2/L1 protocol set. The data messaging occurs at the MAC layer. Additionally, scheduling decisions occur at the MAC layer and PDUs are formulated there as well.
- control messages are sent with the PDUs to allow for faster transmission and to avoid retransmission of the information. This allows the information to be relayed to other eNodeBs while the information is still accurate.
- the control messages can be generated by the controller/processor 240 and the scheduler 244 and transmitted via the X2 interface 241.
- a control frame header structure for a DL-SCH frame protocol is shown in FIGURE 14.
- the frame type (FT) label 0 to designate control data.
- the control frame structure could include several values to indicate the type of transported control information.
- a Channel State Information message may indicated with a value of 0.
- the Channel State Information message would contain scheduling information in addition to channel state information (CSI) if a "coupled" mode of operation is used.
- a Scheduling Information message could be indicated with a value of 01.
- the Scheduling Information message would be used if a "decoupled” mode of operation is used.
- flow control information such as Resource Status Request message and Resource Status Indication message may be indicated with values of 10 and 11.
- the Resource Status Request message would be used by a serving eNodeB to query a CCS eNodeB about the status of the X2-CoMP-U interface backhaul throughput and delay in addition to radio resource availability.
- the Resource Status Indication message would be used by a CCS eNodeB to inform a serving eNodeB about the status of the X2-CoMP-U interface backhaul throughput and delay in addition to radio resource availability.
- This message may be sent autonomously (i.e., without receiving a Resource Status Request message beforehand).
- a Beamforming Vector Information message may be indicated with a value of 100.
- the Beamforming Vector Information message would communicate weight (wij) information between CCS eNodeBs. Of course, other control data could be communicated and indicated in the control frame header.
- a control frame structure for a DL-SCH frame protocol is
- control frame type message discussed above has a fixed size of one byte within a fixed header field size of 2 bytes.
- the payload field follows the header field and has a variable length size.
- the frame type (FT) label 1 to designate user data.
- the data frame consists of a header field with the FT label as well as control information.
- the data frame also consists of a payload field of variable length which consists of MAC protocol data units (PDUs).
- the control information would indicate the length and number of MAC PDUs in addition to weight information and resource/scheduling information. It is noted that the MAC PDUs according to one aspect of the present disclosure do not include MAC control elements, as would traditionally be included.
- FIGURE 17 illustrates an example Evolved Packet System (EPS) bearer
- downlink service data flows from the application/service layer to enter a downlink traffic flow template (DL-TFT) in the PDNGW 426 and is then transported to the SGW 424 over a S5 bearer, onto the eNodeB 410 over a SI bearer, and then onto the UE 414 over a radio bearer.
- the S5 and SI bearer comprise UE IP packets which are tunneled using GTP/UDP/IP encapsulation.
- the radio bearer comprises a MAC PDU which carries an RLC PDU(s) which in turn carry an IP packet(s) or a segment of an IP packet(s).
- uplink service data flows from the application/service layer enter an uplink traffic flow template (UL-TFT) in the UE 414 and are transported to the eNodeB 410 over a radio bearer, onto the SGW 424 over a SI bearer, and then onto the PDNGW 426 over a S5 bearer.
- U-TFT uplink traffic flow template
- FIGURE 18 illustrates an example Evolved Packet System (EPS) bearer architecture during downlink CoMP.
- EPS Evolved Packet System
- downlink service data flows are transported between eNodeBs 310a and 310b over an X2 DL CoMP data bearer.
- the X2 DL CoMP data bearer includes a MAC PDU(s) with resource/scheduling information encapsulated in a DL-SCH FP data frame.
- DL-SCH FP control frames are transported between eNodeBs 310 over an X2 DL CoMP control bearer.
- a prior art MAC PDU consists of a MAC header, zero or more MAC service data units (SDUs), zero or more MAC control elements, and optional padding.
- the MAC SDUs may contain RLC PDUs for Signaling Radio Bearers (SRBs) or Data Radio Bearers (DRBs) (i.e., EPS bearers).
- a downlink CoMP MAC PDU consists of a MAC header, one or more MAC SDUs and optional padding, as shown in FIGURE 19.
- the serving eNodeB MAC scheduler generally tries not to schedule MAC Control elements or SRBs with DRBs that are configured for DL CoMP service.
- the Downlink CoMP protocol consists of several X2-AP
- the procedures may relate to either CoMP X2 non UE-associated services or UE-associated services.
- the non UE-associated services are used to establish, manage and teardown an X2 DL CoMP control bearer between a serving eNodeB/CCS eNodeB pair.
- the UE-associated services are used to establish, manage and teardown X2 DL CoMP data bearers per UE.
- non UE-associated services include: X2 DL CoMP Control Bearer Setup, X2 DL CoMP Control Bearer Modify, and X2 DL CoMP Control Bearer Release procedures.
- FIGURES 20A-B illustrate an example X2 DL CoMP Control Bearer Setup
- This procedure sets up the X2 DL CoMP control bearer shown in FIGURE 18 (where there is one X2 DL CoMP control bearer per serving eNodeB/CCS eNodeB pair).
- the procedure involves allocating a UDP port number(s) and IP address(es) to be used for the X2 DL CoMP control bearer in addition to admission control and allocation of a unique ID per UE.
- the procedure includes exchanges of a control bearer setup request message and a control bearer setup response message.
- the procedure includes a control bearer setup response message and a control bearer setup failure message.
- FIGURES 21A-B illustrate an example X2 UE Initial DL CoMP Context Setup procedure (which is a UE-associated service) between a serving eNodeB 310a and a CCS eNodeB 310b, for two cases: successful operation and unsuccessful operation.
- This procedure sets up the X2 DL CoMP data bearer shown in FIGURE 18 (where there is one X2 DL CoMP data bearer for each UE for which DL CoMP service is
- the serving eNodeB 310a sends an X2 UE INITIAL CoMP CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message to the CCS eNodeB 310b.
- the CCS eNodeB 310b decides that it can establish the X2 UE CoMP context and then sends an X2 UE INITIAL CoMP
- the serving eNodeB 310a sends an X2 UE INITIAL CoMP CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message to the CCS eNodeB 310b.
- the CCS eNodeB 310b decides that it cannot establish the X2 UE CoMP context and sends an X2 UE INITIAL CoMP CONTEXT SETUP FAILURE message.
- FIGURE 22 illustrates an example X2 UE DL CoMP Context Release procedure
- An X2 UE DL CoMP CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND is sent by the serving eNodeB 310a to the CCS eNodeB 310b.
- the CCS eNodeB then sends an X2 UE DL CoMP CONTEXT RELEASE RESPONSE. This procedure tearsdown the X2 DL CoMP data bearer for a UE.
- FIGURE 23 illustrates an example X2 UE DL CoMP Context Release procedure, initiated by the CCS eNodeB 310b, for the case of a successful procedure.
- the CCS eNodeB 310b sends an X2 UE DL CoMP CONTEXT RELEASE REQUEST message to the serving eNodeB 310a.
- the serving eNodeB 310a sends an X2 UE DL CoMP CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND message to the eNodeB 310b.
- the eNodeB 310b then sends an X2 UE DL CoMP CONTEXT RELEASE RESPONSE message.
- FIGURE 24 illustrates an example X2 DL CoMP E-RAB (Evolved-Radio Access Bearer) Addition procedure (which is a UE-associated service) between a serving eNodeB 310a and a CCS eNodeB 310b.
- This procedure involves admission control.
- the serving eNodeB 310a sends an X2 CoMP E-RAB ADDITION REQUEST message to the CCS eNodeB 310b.
- the CCS eNodeB 310b Upon receiving the X2 CoMP E-RAB ADDITION REQUEST message from the serving eNodeB 310a, the CCS eNodeB 310b decides that it either can or cannot add one or more of the E-RABs.
- the CCS eNodeB 310b sends an X2 CoMP E-RAB ADDITION RESPONSE message to the serving eNodeB 310a with its decision.
- FIGURE 25 illustrates an example X2 DL CoMP E-RAB Modify procedure (which is a UE-associated service) between a serving eNodeB 310a and a CCS eNodeB 310b.
- This procedure involves admission control if the QoS of the modified X2 DL CoMP E- RAB bearer is upgraded.
- the serving eNodeB 310a sends an X2 CoMP E-RAB MODIFY REQUEST message to the CCS eNodeB 310b.
- the CCS eNodeB 310b Upon receiving the X2 CoMP E-RAB MODIFY REQUEST message from the serving eNodeB 310a, the CCS eNodeB 310b decides that it either can or cannot modify one or more of the E-RABs. The CCS eNodeB 310b then sends an X2 CoMP E-RAB MODIFY RESPONSE message to the serving eNodeB 310a with its decision.
- FIGURE 26 illustrates an example X2 DL CoMP E-RAB Release procedure (which is a UE-associated service), initiated by the serving eNodeB 310a, for the case of a successful operation.
- the serving eNodeB 310a sends an X2 DL CoMP E-RAB RELEASE COMMAND message to the CCS eNodeB 310b.
- the CCS eNodeB 310b Upon receiving the message, the CCS eNodeB 310b sends an X2 DL CoMP E-RAB RELEASE
- FIGURE 27 illustrates an example X2 DL CoMP E-RAB Release Request
- the CCS eNodeB 310b sends an X2 DL CoMP E-RAB RELEASE REQUEST message to the serving eNodeB 310a.
- the serving eNodeB 310a Upon receiving the message, the serving eNodeB 310a sends an X2 DL CoMP E-RAB RELEASE COMMAND message to the CCS eNodeB 310b.
- the CCS eNodeB 310b sends a X2 DL CoMP E-RAB RELEASE
- the X2 DL-SCH Frame Protocol (FP) consists of several
- FIGURE 28 An example Channel State Information procedure between a serving eNodeB 310a and a CCS eNodeB 310b is illustrated in FIGURE 28.
- channel state information messages are exchanged between the eNodeB 310a and the eNodeB 310b.
- the Channel State Information message contains transmission matrix H information for one or more UEs in addition to scheduling information if couple mode is used.
- the UEs are identified by a unique ID allocated during the X2 DL CoMP Control Bearer Setup or Modify procedures.
- FIGURE 29 An example Scheduling Information procedure between a serving eNodeB 310a and a CCS eNodeB 310b is illustrated in FIGURE 29.
- a scheduling information messages are exchanged between the eNodeB 310a and the eNodeB 310b.
- the Scheduling Information message contains scheduling information for one or more UEs if decoupled mode is used.
- the UEs are identified by a unique ID allocated during the X2 DL CoMP Control Bearer Setup or Modify procedure.
- FIGURE 30 An example Resource Status Request procedure and an example Resource Status Indication procedure between a serving eNodeB 310a and a CCS eNodeB 310b are illustrated in FIGURE 30.
- a Resource Status Request message is sent by a serving eNodeB 310a to the CCS eNodeB 310b, and in response, a Resource Status Indication message is returned from the CCS eNodeB 310b to the serving eNodeB 310a.
- a Resource Status Indication message is sent from the CCS eNodeB 310b to the serving eNodeB 310a without any initiating request.
- These messages can be used by the serving eNodeB and CCS eNodeB(s) in order to determine the delay on the X2 DL-CoMP-C and X2 DL-CoMP-U interfaces connecting them (e.g., if the DL-SCH FP control frames or DL-SCH FP data frames are arriving too late, then they are of no use to DL CoMP operation).
- FIGURE 31 An example Data Transfer procedure between a serving eNodeB 310a and a CCS eNodeB 310b is illustrated in FIGURE 31.
- a DL-SCH data frame message is sent by the serving eNodeB 310a to the CCS eNodeB 310b or vice versa (not shown) for user plane communications. This is applicable for DL CoMP DCS or JT.
- FIGURE 32 is an example block diagram illustrating a method of CoMP
- an eNodeB 310a receives a measurement report from a UE at block 810.
- the eNodeB transmits coordinated multi point (CoMP) control messages from a first evolved nodeB (eNodeB) 310a to a second eNodeB 310b at a medium access control (MAC) layer in response to the received measurement report.
- CoMP coordinated multi point
- the eNodeB 100 is configured for wireless communication including a means for receiving a measurement report.
- the receiving means may be the processor(s), the controller/processor 240, the memory 242, the receive processor 238, the MIMO detector 236, the demodulators 232A and 232T, and the antennas 234A and 234T, configured to perform the functions recited by the receiving means.
- the eNodeB 100 also includes a means for transmitting coordinated multipoint control messages from a first eNodeB to a second eNodeB at a MAC layer.
- the transmitting means may be the processor(s), the controller/processor 240, the memory 242, and the X2 interface 241 configured to perform the functions recited by the transmitting means.
- the aforementioned means may be a module or any apparatus configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means.
- DSP digital signal processor
- ASIC application specific integrated circuit
- FPGA field programmable gate array
- a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine.
- a processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
- a software module may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
- An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium.
- the storage medium may be integral to the processor.
- the processor and the storage medium may reside in an ASIC.
- the ASIC may reside in a user terminal.
- the processor and the storage medium may reside as discrete components in a user terminal.
- the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium.
- Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another.
- a storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer.
- such computer-readable media can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer- readable medium.
- Disk and disc includes compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2013509137A (en) | 2013-03-07 |
TW201138346A (en) | 2011-11-01 |
EP2494833A1 (en) | 2012-09-05 |
US20110268007A1 (en) | 2011-11-03 |
KR20120099705A (en) | 2012-09-11 |
US8570963B2 (en) | 2013-10-29 |
CN102668664A (en) | 2012-09-12 |
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