WO2011043292A1 - Speaker-type vibration apparatus, and electronic apparatus provided with vibration function - Google Patents

Speaker-type vibration apparatus, and electronic apparatus provided with vibration function Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011043292A1
WO2011043292A1 PCT/JP2010/067362 JP2010067362W WO2011043292A1 WO 2011043292 A1 WO2011043292 A1 WO 2011043292A1 JP 2010067362 W JP2010067362 W JP 2010067362W WO 2011043292 A1 WO2011043292 A1 WO 2011043292A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
speaker
vibration
diaphragm
signal
voice coil
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PCT/JP2010/067362
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
瀧 良博
義孝 中嶋
桐田 洋
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株式会社コト
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Publication of WO2011043292A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011043292A1/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a speaker-type vibration device and an electronic apparatus with a vibration function including the same.
  • the eccentric motor has a delay of several tens of milliseconds with respect to the response to the signal, and the response to the strength of the signal is not good.
  • the vibration delayed by 5 milliseconds or more does not harmonize the audio and the vibration and only gives an unpleasant feeling.
  • the vibration device used in the so-called body acoustic device is expensive and heavy, and thus cannot be used for a portable device or a game machine.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vibration device that is suitable for electronic equipment, has excellent responsiveness, is inexpensive, lightweight, and compact.
  • a speaker-type vibration device includes a magnetic circuit having a magnetic gap, a voice coil disposed in the magnetic gap, and a diaphragm fixed to the voice coil, and a weight is provided on the diaphragm. It is what was done.
  • Another speaker-type vibration device includes a magnetic circuit having a magnetic gap, a voice coil disposed in the magnetic gap, and a diaphragm fixed to the voice coil, and the diaphragm has a hole. Is formed.
  • An electronic device with a vibration function includes a speaker including a magnetic circuit having a magnetic gap, a voice coil disposed in the magnetic gap, a diaphragm fixed to the voice coil, and the speaker-type vibration. And a signal processing circuit that receives an input signal related to sound and outputs a signal to each voice coil of the speaker and the speaker-type vibration device in accordance with the input signal.
  • the signal processing circuit outputs another signal for audio based on the input signal that is the same as or based on the input signal to the voice coil of the speaker, and includes a frequency component of 30 Hz to 300 Hz from the input signal and the input signal.
  • a signal synchronized with the signal is extracted or generated, and the signal is output to the voice coil of the speaker type vibration device.
  • a vibration device that is suitable for electronic equipment, has excellent responsiveness, is inexpensive, lightweight, and compact.
  • an electronic device with a vibration function including a vibration device with excellent response it is possible to realize an electronic device with a vibration function including a vibration device with excellent response.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an electronic device with a vibration function according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. (A) is a plan view of the speaker-type vibration device, and (b) is a sectional view taken along line IIb-IIb in (a). It is a top view of the diaphragm which concerns on a modification. It is sectional drawing of the speaker-type vibration apparatus which concerns on a modification. It is a graph showing the vibration characteristic of a speaker and a speaker type vibration apparatus. It is a graph showing the sound pressure characteristic of a speaker and a speaker type vibration apparatus. It is explanatory drawing of a signal processing circuit. It is a block diagram which shows an example of a signal processing circuit.
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of an electronic device with a vibration function according to a fourth embodiment.
  • (A) is a waveform diagram of a PWM signal generated by the signal processing circuit
  • (b) and (c) are waveform diagrams of a drive signal supplied to the voice coil.
  • (A) is a graph showing the sensitivity characteristics of the pachini body
  • (b) is a graph showing the vibration characteristics of the entire electronic device
  • (c) is a graph showing the sensitivity characteristics that the user receives from the electronic device. It is a figure explaining the use condition of the electronic device with a vibration function which concerns on Embodiment 5.
  • FIG. 5 is a figure explaining the use condition of the electronic device with a vibration function which concerns on Embodiment 5.
  • an electronic device with a vibration function (hereinafter simply referred to as an electronic device) 1 includes a housing 2 that can be held, a speaker 3, and a speaker-type vibration device (hereinafter simply referred to as a vibration device) 4.
  • a vibration device a speaker-type vibration device
  • “grasping is possible” means that a human can hold it with one hand.
  • the electronic device 1 is not limited to the one used in a gripped state, and may be used in a state of being stored in a breast pocket or the like.
  • the speaker 3 and the vibration device 4 are attached inside the housing 2.
  • the housing 2 is provided with a display device 5 and an input device 6 composed of a plurality of buttons.
  • the type of the display device 5 is not limited at all, and for example, a liquid crystal display device, an organic EL display device, or the like can be used.
  • the type of the input device 6 is not limited at all, and may be a device other than a button. For example, a touch pad, a joystick or the like can be used as the input device 6.
  • the input device 6 may be integrated with the display device 5 as a touch panel.
  • the electronic device 1 is only an example of the electronic device with a vibration function of the present invention.
  • the electronic device with a vibration function according to the present invention may not include a display device and may not include an input device.
  • the use of the electronic device with a vibration function is not limited at all, and may be a portable electronic device such as a portable game machine, a portable phone, and a portable music player, and connected to the game main body so that it can be wired or wirelessly communicated. It may be a game controller or the like.
  • the vibration device 4 generates low-frequency vibration while suppressing generation of sound by improving the diaphragm of the speaker.
  • 2A is a plan view of the vibration device 4, and
  • FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the vibration device 4.
  • FIG. The vibration device 4 includes a frame 11, a magnet 12 disposed at the bottom of the frame 11, and a center pole 13 placed on the magnet 12.
  • the magnet 12 and the center pole 13 are formed in a disk shape.
  • the frame 11 and the center pole 13 are made of pure iron, and a magnetic gap 14 is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the frame 11 and the outer peripheral surface of the center pole 13.
  • the frame 11, the magnet 12, and the center pole 13 constitute a magnetic circuit having a magnetic gap 14.
  • a voice coil 16 wound around a bobbin 15 is disposed in the magnetic gap 14.
  • the voice coil 16 is fixed to the diaphragm 20 via the bobbin 15.
  • a ring member 17 is fitted into the frame 11, and a peripheral edge portion 20 a of the diaphragm 20 is sandwiched between the ring member 17 and the frame 11. Thereby, the diaphragm 20 is fixed to the frame 11.
  • the diaphragm 20 has a plurality of holes 20b.
  • the position, size, number, and the like of the holes 20b are not particularly limited. In the present embodiment, twelve round holes 20b are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction inside the peripheral edge 20a. The shape and dimensions of each hole 20b are the same, but they may be different.
  • the diaphragm 20 has a flat plate-shaped central portion 20c and a mountain-shaped damper portion 20d located between the central portion 20c and the peripheral edge portion 20a.
  • the hole 20b is formed in the damper portion 20d.
  • the diaphragm 20 is formed in a substantially flat plate shape with the peripheral edge 20a supported.
  • the hole 20b of the diaphragm 20 is formed for the purpose of shifting the resonance frequency to a low frequency band and suppressing the generation of sound pressure.
  • the Pacini body and the Meissner body are receptors that react quickly, and in particular, the Meissner body is known to have high sensitivity in the vicinity of 30 Hz, and the Pacini body has a high sensitivity in a low frequency band of 100 Hz to 300 Hz. .
  • the Pacini body has a high sensitivity in a low frequency band of 100 Hz to 300 Hz.
  • applying a 30 Hz to 300 Hz vibration can effectively stimulate a rapidly responding receptor. It has been difficult to effectively output such a low frequency with a conventional speaker mounted on a portable electronic device or the like.
  • the resonance frequency can be lowered by forming the hole 20 b in the diaphragm 20 or attaching a weight, so that the Patini body and the Meissner body are effectively stimulated. It has become possible to sufficiently output the low frequency that can be used. Specifically, it has become possible to sufficiently output a low frequency of 30 Hz to 300 Hz, which is said to effectively stimulate the Meissner body or Patini body.
  • the resonance frequency is lowered by providing the diaphragm 20 with the round hole 20b.
  • a slit hole 20e may be provided in the diaphragm 20 instead of the round hole 20b.
  • slit holes 20 e extending radially are formed in the damper portion 20 d of the diaphragm 20.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the diaphragm 20 is the same as that of the diaphragm 20 shown in FIG.
  • the weight 18 may be fixed to the diaphragm 20 without providing the hole 20b.
  • a disk-shaped weight 18 is fixed on the central portion 20 c of the diaphragm 20.
  • the fixing method of the weight 18 is not limited at all.
  • the weight 18 may be bonded to the diaphragm 20 or may be fitted into the diaphragm 20.
  • the diaphragm 20 may be provided with a hole 20b and the weight 18 may be fixed.
  • the “hole” in the present specification is not limited to a hole surrounded by the periphery, and may be a hole in which a part of the periphery is opened. A hole may be formed in the weight 18.
  • the weight 18 and the diaphragm 20 may be provided with holes penetrating them, and air may be allowed to flow between the upper side of the weight 18 and the lower side of the diaphragm 20 through these holes. That is, air escape holes may be formed in the weight 18 and the diaphragm 20.
  • the hole 20b has a large effect of suppressing air vibrations, and thus has a large effect of suppressing sounds in the middle and high range.
  • the diaphragm 20 needs to swing greatly.
  • a soft material that exhibits a damper effect is used around the diaphragm.
  • the vibration device 4 of the present embodiment uses an inexpensive and compact speaker, the diaphragm 20 is made of a single material, and the central portion 20c, the damper portion 20d, and the peripheral portion 20a are the same material. It is formed with.
  • the diaphragm 20 needs to be softened or thinned. However, if the diaphragm 20 is too soft, the diaphragm 20 may not vibrate well. Further, if the diaphragm 20 is to be thinned, the diaphragm 20 tends to be expensive. Therefore, in this embodiment, by adopting a simple method of forming the hole 20b in the diaphragm 20, the resonance frequency is lowered and the amplitude of the diaphragm 20 is gained.
  • the diaphragm 20 is made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate).
  • the diaphragm 20 may be formed of other materials such as cotton impregnated with PEI (polyetherimide), paper, and phenol resin.
  • the material of the diaphragm 20 is not particularly limited.
  • the material of the weight 18 is not particularly limited.
  • a metal or the like can be used as the material of the weight 18.
  • the weight 18 is made of metal
  • the diaphragm 20 is made of resin
  • the weight 18 and the diaphragm 20 are separate.
  • the weight 18 may be integrated with the diaphragm 20.
  • the weight 18 and the diaphragm 20 may be formed from the same material.
  • the weight 18 and the diaphragm 20 may be integrally formed.
  • the speaker 3 is the same as the above-described vibration device 4 in which the diaphragm 20 is not provided with the hole 20b. Since the configuration other than the diaphragm 20 is the same as that of the vibration device 4, a detailed description of the speaker 3 is omitted.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing the vibration characteristics of the speaker 3 and the vibration device 4.
  • the horizontal axis of the graph of FIG. 5 represents the frequency, with 30 Hz to 300 Hz being 10 Hz intervals, 300 Hz to 1 kHz being 100 Hz intervals, and 1 kHz to 10 kHz being 1 kHz intervals.
  • the vertical axis represents the amplitude level.
  • A shows the speaker 3
  • B shows the vibration device 4 in which the weight 18 is fixed to the vibration plate 20
  • C shows the vibration device 4 in which the hole 20 b is formed in the vibration plate 20 and the weight 18 is fixed. From FIG. 5, it can be seen that, in the frequency band of 30 Hz to 300 Hz, the speaker 3 does not vibrate substantially while the vibration device 4 vibrates.
  • the resonance frequency of B is about 210 Hz
  • the resonance frequency of C is about 190 Hz
  • FIG. 6 is a graph showing the sound pressure characteristics of the speaker 3 and the vibration device 4.
  • the horizontal axis of the graph in FIG. 6 represents frequency, and the vertical axis represents sound pressure.
  • A indicates the speaker 3
  • B indicates the vibration device 4 in which the weight 18 is fixed to the vibration plate 20
  • C indicates the vibration device 4 in which the hole 20 b is formed in the vibration plate 20 and the weight 18 is fixed.
  • the A speaker 3 does not generate sound pressure in the frequency band of about 300 Hz or less
  • the B vibration device 4 does not generate sound pressure in the frequency band of about 3 kHz or less
  • the C vibration device 4 has about 5 kHz. It can be seen that the sound pressure is suppressed in the following frequency bands. That is, it can be seen that the resonance frequency is lowered by providing the weight 18 on the diaphragm 20, the output of the midrange sound is suppressed, and the output of the midrange sound is further suppressed by providing the hole 20b.
  • a signal processing circuit 7 is provided inside the housing 2. As shown in FIG. 7, the signal processing circuit 7 receives an input signal S1 related to sound, and outputs a signal S2 to the speaker 3 (specifically, the voice coil 16 of the speaker 3) based on the input signal S1, and the vibration device 4 (specifically, the voice coil 16 of the vibration device 4) outputs a signal S3.
  • the signal S2 is a signal related to sound for generating sound from the speaker 3, and the signal S3 is a signal for vibrating the vibration device 4.
  • the signals S2 and S3 may be digital signals or analog signals.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an example of the signal processing circuit 7.
  • the input signal S1 is output to the speaker 3 as it is as the output signal S2.
  • the filter 32 extracts a component of a predetermined frequency band from the input signal S1, and the sound pressure measuring unit 33 measures the sound pressure per unit time (for example, average sound pressure) of the extracted component.
  • the component extracted by the filter 32 is a component in a frequency band desired to be transmitted as vibration, and can be set arbitrarily.
  • the type of the filter 32 is not limited at all. For example, a low-pass filter that extracts only components below a predetermined frequency, a specific frequency component decomposed by using FFT, or a plurality of frequency components is extracted. A filter or the like can be used.
  • the component extracted by the filter 32 may be output to the sound pressure measurement unit 33 after being amplified by an amplifier or the like.
  • components of a predetermined frequency band are extracted from the input signal S1, but instead of extraction by the filter 32, the frequency of the input signal S1 may be shifted to a predetermined frequency band.
  • the sound pressure measurement unit 33 measures the sound pressure of the frequency-shifted signal.
  • the low frequency transmitter 31 outputs a low frequency signal that effectively stimulates the Pachiny body and the Meissner body, that is, a signal of 30 Hz to 300 Hz.
  • the signal output from the low frequency transmitter 31 may be a sine wave signal or a rectangular wave signal.
  • the volume adjustment unit 34 adjusts the sound pressure of the signal output from the low-frequency transmitter 31 so as to be proportional to the sound pressure measured by the sound pressure measurement unit 33. Thereby, the adjusted signal S3 becomes a signal synchronized with the signal S2.
  • the adjustment method by the volume adjustment unit 34 is not limited to a method in which the sound pressure of the signal output from the low-frequency transmitter 31 is proportional to the sound pressure measured by the sound pressure measurement unit 33.
  • the sound pressure measurement unit Other methods such as a method of calculating the logarithm of the sound pressure measured at 33 and making it proportional thereto may be used.
  • FIG. 9A to 9C show examples of waveform diagrams of each signal
  • FIG. 9A shows an input signal S1
  • FIG. 9B shows a signal output from the low-frequency transmitter 31
  • FIG. 9 (c) represents the waveform of the output signal S3.
  • FIG. 9A shows the original waveform
  • FIG. 9B shows the vibration waveform
  • FIG. 9C shows the adjusted waveform.
  • the same signal as the input signal S1 is output to the speaker 3 as the output signal S2.
  • the signal S2 output to the speaker 3 may not be the same as the input signal S1, and may be a signal subjected to some processing. That is, the output signal S2 may be another audio signal based on the input signal S1.
  • the signal S3 synchronized with the signal S2 output to the speaker 3 is output to the vibration device 4, and the vibration device 4 generates vibration corresponding to the sound output from the speaker 3.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating another example of the signal processing circuit 7.
  • the input signal S1 is output to the speaker 3 as it is as the output signal S2.
  • the filter 35 extracts a component of a predetermined frequency band from the input signal S1, and amplifies it. That is, the input signal S1 is filtered.
  • the frequency shift unit 36 shifts the frequency of the filtered signal to near the resonance frequency of the vibration device 4.
  • the frequency-shifted signal S3 is output to the vibration device 4.
  • the signal S3 is a signal synchronized with the signal S2. Therefore, the vibration device 4 generates vibration corresponding to the sound output from the speaker 3.
  • FIG. 11A illustrates an example of a waveform diagram of the input signal S1
  • FIG. 11B illustrates an example of a waveform diagram of the output signal S3.
  • FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing another example of the signal processing circuit 7.
  • the input signal S1 is output to the speaker 3 as it is as the output signal S2.
  • the filter 35 performs filtering of the input signal S1 by selecting a part of the frequency band to be transmitted as vibration.
  • the input level measurement unit 37 measures the input level of the filtered signal, that is, the sound pressure.
  • the vibration generation unit 38 outputs an output signal S3 for vibration to the vibration device 4 with the sound pressure reaching a predetermined value or more as a trigger.
  • the vibration generation unit 38 may output a vibration signal prepared in advance regardless of the input signal S1 to the vibration device 4, and generates a vibration signal from the input signal S1 and outputs it to the vibration device 4. You may make it do.
  • the vibration device 4 when the input level of the filtered signal becomes a predetermined value or higher, the vibration device 4 is vibrated in synchronization with the input level.
  • vibration occurs at an interval when the low-pitched portion extracted by the filter 35 reaches a sound pressure of a certain value or more at a certain interval. Therefore, it is possible to generate vibration that matches the rhythm of the music.
  • the electronic device 1 includes the display device 5 (see FIG. 1).
  • the display device 5 displays an image synchronized with the sound output from the speaker 3. Since the sound of the speaker 3 and the vibration of the vibration device 4 are synchronized, the image of the display device 5, the sound of the speaker 3 and the vibration of the vibration device 4 are eventually synchronized with each other. For example, when an image in which a certain object collides with another object is displayed on the display device 5 as a moving image, a collision sound is output from the speaker 3 at the moment of the collision, and a vibration simulating the collision is applied from the vibration device 4. . Thereby, although it is the small electronic device 1, the expression full of the realism is realizable.
  • the vibration device 4 the low frequency (stimulating the Pacini body and the Meissner body while using the structure of an inexpensive and small speaker is devised by forming the hole 20 b in the diaphragm 20. For example, vibration of 30 Hz to 300 Hz) can be effectively generated. Since the vibration device 4 uses a speaker structure instead of an eccentric motor, the response to signal strength is high. Therefore, a vibration device that is small, light, inexpensive, and excellent in responsiveness can be realized.
  • the plurality of holes 20b are arranged in the circumferential direction inside the peripheral edge portion 20a of the diaphragm 20. As described above, by forming the plurality of holes 20b near the supported portion (that is, the peripheral edge portion 20a), it is possible to suppress the mid-range sound output from the diaphragm 20, and the diaphragm. By reducing the area of 20, the amplitude can be increased, and the resonance frequency can be shifted to a low frequency band with a stable configuration.
  • low-frequency vibration that stimulates the Pachiny body or the Meissner body is generated by a simple configuration in which a speaker with a small diameter is used and the weight 18 is added to the diaphragm 20. Can do. With such a configuration, it is possible to realize a vibration device that is small, lightweight, inexpensive, and excellent in responsiveness.
  • the weight 18 can be fixed to the center portion 20c of the diaphragm 20, the weight 18 can be disposed at a position relatively far from the support portion (that is, the peripheral edge portion 20a) of the diaphragm 20. Thereby, since the vibration of the diaphragm 20 is stably output without distortion, the resonance frequency can be shifted to a low frequency band with a simple configuration.
  • the sound from the speaker 3 and the vibration from the vibration device 4 can be synchronized, and a rich expression that cannot be realized only by sound can be realized.
  • a low frequency sound having a frequency of 300 Hz or less with a small speaker.
  • the speaker-type vibration device 4 the low frequency can be expressed in the form of vibration.
  • the user can actually feel not only the high and middle sound range but also the low frequency sound by vibration, and even with the small electronic device 1, a realistic expression is possible.
  • a voice of a bird that could not be grasped as a vibration until now, a stream of a stream, and the like can be expressed as vibrations, and these can be realized through human vibration nerves.
  • a completely new user interface can be realized.
  • the image on the display device 5 can be synchronized.
  • the sensation that humans are susceptible to is first visual, then tactile, and then auditory.
  • a sense of reality is increased by synchronizing the image and sound at the moment of hitting the ball and giving a highly responsive vibration to the hand.
  • the electronic device 8 with a vibration function according to the second embodiment is such that a speaker and a vibration device are each made stereo. That is, the electronic device 8 according to the present embodiment includes a left speaker 3L and a right speaker 3R, a left vibration device 4L, and a right vibration device 4R.
  • the configuration of each speaker 3L, 3R is the same as that of the speaker 3 of the first embodiment, and the configuration of each vibration device 4L, 4R is the same as that of the vibration device 4 of the first embodiment. Parts similar to those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
  • Stereo signals are input to the speakers 3L and 3R and the vibration devices 4L and 4R, respectively.
  • the “stereo signals” are a pair of signals synchronized with each other and input to the left and right speakers 3L, 3R, etc. for the purpose of producing a three-dimensional effect.
  • the left vibration device 4L generates vibration synchronized with the sound output from the left speaker 3L.
  • the right vibration device 4R generates vibrations synchronized with the sound output from the right speaker 3R.
  • the pair of left and right vibration devices 4L and 4R generate stereo-ized vibrations in the same manner as the pair of left and right speakers 3L and 3R output stereo sound.
  • the stereo effect can be obtained exclusively with respect to sound, but according to the present embodiment, the stereo effect can also be obtained with respect to vibration. Therefore, a stereo sense can be obtained in both auditory sense and tactile sense, and a more realistic expression is possible.
  • the electronic apparatus 8 includes the display device 5, the speakers 3L and 3R, and the vibration devices 4L and 4R.
  • the display device 5 is omitted, and the speakers 3L and 3R and the vibration device are included. Only 4L and 4R may be provided. Further, the display device 5 and the speakers 3L and 3R may be omitted, and only the vibration devices 4L and 4R may be provided.
  • the electronic device with a vibration function according to the third embodiment applies not only a simple vibration but also a pseudo inertial force to a human skin mechanical receptor.
  • the electronic apparatus according to this embodiment includes a signal processing circuit 41 and a drive circuit 42 that drives the vibration device 4.
  • the vibration device 4 the various vibration devices described in the first embodiment can be used. That is, a vibration device in which a hole is formed in the vibration plate 20, a vibration device in which the weight 18 is fixed to the vibration plate 20, or a vibration device in which a hole is formed in the vibration plate 20 and the weight 18 is fixed is used. Can do.
  • the drive circuit 42 includes four transistors Tr1, Tr2, Tr3, Tr4 made of FET (Field Effect Transistor) and the like, and an H-type bridge circuit is configured by these transistors Tr1, Tr2, Tr3, Tr4.
  • the direction of the current applied to the voice coil 16 of the vibration device 4 is determined by appropriately switching ON / OFF of the transistors Tr1, Tr2, Tr3, Tr4.
  • the signal processing circuit 41 receives a command from the CPU 40 and generates a PWM signal.
  • FIG. 15A shows an example of a PWM signal generated by the signal processing circuit 41.
  • the signal processing circuit 41 generates a plurality of pulses that gradually decrease after the pulse width gradually increases during one cycle.
  • the signal processing circuit 41 generates ten pulses P1 to P10 in one cycle.
  • the pulse width gradually increases.
  • the pulses P6 to P10 the pulse width gradually decreases.
  • FIG. 15C while the pulses P1 to P5 are output, the transistors Tr1 and Tr4 are turned off and the transistors Tr2 and Tr3 are turned on.
  • the voice coil 16 is attracted to one side, and the diaphragm 20 is deformed to one side.
  • the pulses P6 to P10 are output, the transistors Tr1 and Tr4 are turned on and the transistors Tr2 and Tr3 are turned off.
  • the voice coil 16 is attracted to the other side, and the diaphragm 20 is deformed to the other side.
  • the diaphragm 20 is gradually deformed toward one side by receiving the pulses P1 to P5.
  • the transistors Tr1 to Tr4 are switched and the pulse P6 is received, the diaphragm 20 is rapidly deformed to the other side. That is, the vibration plate 20 changes the direction of deformation abruptly.
  • the pulses P6 to P10 cause the diaphragm 20 to gradually deform toward the other side while slowing the deformation speed.
  • the transistors Tr1 to Tr4 are switched again, and the diaphragm 20 receives the pulse P1 again. At this time, the vibration plate 20 changes the direction of deformation from the other side to the one side, but the change in the direction is performed gently.
  • the deformation of the diaphragm 20 from one side to the other side is abruptly performed, but the deformation from the other side to the one side is performed gently. Thereby, not only vibration but a pseudo inertial force toward the other side can be given to the user.
  • the signal given to the diaphragm 20 is not limited to the examples shown in FIGS. If the forward signal and the backward signal of the deformation are asymmetrical, a difference can be provided in the deformation mode of the diaphragm 20 between the forward route and the backward route. Thereby, it becomes possible to give a pseudo inertia force to the mechanical receptor of human skin.
  • the mechanoreceptors of human skin are sensitive to fast movements, but slow movements are difficult to perceive, so a sensory effect can be expected beyond this physical difference.
  • a continuous signal may be added to give a strong inertial force.
  • more effective stimulation can be given by making it possible to change the time for applying the inertial force. Specifically, for example, the operation of applying strong power when the voice coil moves to one side and applying weak power when moving the voice coil to the other side is repeated many times. Next, the operation of giving weak power when moving to one side and giving strong power when moving to the other side is repeated a few times. By repeating this, for example, it is possible to give the user a feeling of being pulled strongly after being pressed for a short time.
  • FIG. 16A is a graph showing an example of the sensitivity characteristic of the Pachiny body.
  • the Patini body has a very high sensitivity to vibration of a predetermined frequency (200 Hz in this example, hereinafter referred to as a peak frequency), but as the frequency deviates from the peak frequency, the sensitivity Decreases rapidly.
  • a flat vibration sensitivity characteristic is given to an electronic device with a vibration function.
  • FIG. 16B is a graph showing an example of the overall vibration characteristics of the electronic device 1 including the housing 2, and shows how the acceleration generated in the electronic device 1 changes depending on the vibration frequency.
  • the vibration characteristic waveform has peaks at a frequency smaller than 200 Hz and a frequency larger than 200 Hz. That is, the electronic device 1 has a resonance frequency smaller than 200 Hz and a resonance frequency larger than 200 Hz.
  • the natural frequency of the electronic device 1 can be adjusted and the vibration characteristics of the electronic device 1 can be set by appropriately selecting the weight 18, the shape, dimensions, or material of the housing 2. Can do.
  • the vibration sensitivity of the user is determined by both factors inherent in the human body (that is, how the human body reacts to vibration) and factors given from outside the human body (actual vibrations given from the outside). . Therefore, the vibration sensitivity of the user can be estimated by adding the sensitivity characteristics of the pachini body and the vibration characteristics of the electronic device 1 together.
  • a waveform K3 in FIG. 16C is obtained by adding the waveform K1 in FIG. 16A and the waveform K2 in FIG. 16B, and has a relatively wide frequency band including the peak frequency of the Pachiny body. It has the characteristic that it is flat.
  • the vibration characteristic is such that the acceleration is small in the peak frequency band (frequency band near 200 Hz) of the pachini body, and the acceleration is large in a frequency band smaller and larger than that frequency band (FIG. 16B).
  • the electronic device 1 that exhibits flat vibration sensitivity characteristics can be realized.
  • the electronic device according to the fifth embodiment gives vibration to the user by so-called bone conduction.
  • the electronic device 50 according to the fifth embodiment includes a pipe-shaped housing (hereinafter simply referred to as a pipe) 51 and the vibration device 4 attached to the pipe 51.
  • the vibration device 4 the vibration device 4 of each of the above-described embodiments can be used.
  • the electronic device 50 is used when the user sandwiches the pipe 51 with the teeth 55.
  • the vibration device 4 When the vibration device 4 generates vibration, the user feels the vibration through the teeth 55. For example, by generating a vibration simulating the vibration felt when chewing food from the vibration device 4, it is possible to give the user a sense of eating food.
  • the vibration device 4 by causing the vibration device 4 to generate vibrations that simulate vibrations that are felt when smoking cigarette smoke, the user can be given a sensation of smoking cigarettes.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a vibration apparatus which is suitable for an electronic apparatus, has excellent response characteristics and is low-cost, light-weight and compact. The speaker-type vibration apparatus (4) is provided with: a magnetic circuit having a magnetic space (14); a voice coil (16) disposed in the magnetic space (14); and a vibration plate (20) fixed to the voice coil (16). The vibrating plate (20) is provided with a hole (20b) and a weight (18) such that the resonance frequency is within a range of 30-300Hz.

Description

スピーカ型振動装置および振動機能付き電子機器Speaker type vibration device and electronic device with vibration function
 本発明は、スピーカ型振動装置およびそれを備えた振動機能付き電子機器に関する。 The present invention relates to a speaker-type vibration device and an electronic apparatus with a vibration function including the same.
 従来から、例えば携帯電話機等の携帯電子機器や、ゲーム機のコントローラ等において、振動を利用してユーザーに情報を提示することが行われている。振動機能を備えた従来の電子機器では、振動を発生させる装置として、偏心モータがよく用いられている(例えば特許文献1参照)。 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, information is presented to a user using vibration in a portable electronic device such as a mobile phone, a controller of a game machine, and the like. In a conventional electronic device having a vibration function, an eccentric motor is often used as a device for generating vibration (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
特開2009-206857号公報JP 2009-206857 A
 ところが、偏心モータは、偏心させた錘を回転させるという性質上、信号に対する応答性に関して数十ミリ秒ほどの遅延があり、また、信号の強弱に対する応答性も良くない。特に音声信号に対する応答性を考えた場合、5ミリ秒以上遅れた振動では、音声と振動とが調和せず、不快感を与えるのみである。また、いわゆる体感音響装置に使われている振動装置は、高価で大きく重たいため、携帯機器やゲーム機に使用することができなかった。 However, due to the nature of rotating the eccentric weight, the eccentric motor has a delay of several tens of milliseconds with respect to the response to the signal, and the response to the strength of the signal is not good. In particular, when considering the responsiveness to an audio signal, the vibration delayed by 5 milliseconds or more does not harmonize the audio and the vibration and only gives an unpleasant feeling. In addition, the vibration device used in the so-called body acoustic device is expensive and heavy, and thus cannot be used for a portable device or a game machine.
 本発明はかかる点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、電子機器にとって好適な、応答性に優れ、安価、軽量且つコンパクトな振動装置を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of such points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vibration device that is suitable for electronic equipment, has excellent responsiveness, is inexpensive, lightweight, and compact.
 本発明に係るスピーカ型振動装置は、磁気空隙を有する磁気回路と、前記磁気空隙に配置されたボイスコイルと、前記ボイスコイルに固定された振動板と、を備え、前記振動板に錘が設けられたものである。 A speaker-type vibration device according to the present invention includes a magnetic circuit having a magnetic gap, a voice coil disposed in the magnetic gap, and a diaphragm fixed to the voice coil, and a weight is provided on the diaphragm. It is what was done.
 本発明に係る他のスピーカ型振動装置は、磁気空隙を有する磁気回路と、前記磁気空隙に配置されたボイスコイルと、前記ボイスコイルに固定された振動板と、を備え、前記振動板に孔が形成されたものである。 Another speaker-type vibration device according to the present invention includes a magnetic circuit having a magnetic gap, a voice coil disposed in the magnetic gap, and a diaphragm fixed to the voice coil, and the diaphragm has a hole. Is formed.
 本発明に係る振動機能付き電子機器は、磁気空隙を有する磁気回路と、前記磁気空隙に配置されたボイスコイルと、前記ボイスコイルに固定された振動板とを備えたスピーカと、前記スピーカ型振動装置とを備え、さらに、音声に関する入力信号が入力され、当該入力信号に応じて前記スピーカおよび前記スピーカ型振動装置の各ボイスコイルに信号を出力する信号処理回路と、を備えたものである。前記信号処理回路は、前記入力信号と同一または前記入力信号に基づく音声用の他の信号を前記スピーカのボイスコイルに出力する一方、前記入力信号から、30Hz~300Hzの周波数成分を含み且つ前記入力信号と同期した信号を抽出または生成し、当該信号を前記スピーカ型振動装置のボイスコイルに出力する。 An electronic device with a vibration function according to the present invention includes a speaker including a magnetic circuit having a magnetic gap, a voice coil disposed in the magnetic gap, a diaphragm fixed to the voice coil, and the speaker-type vibration. And a signal processing circuit that receives an input signal related to sound and outputs a signal to each voice coil of the speaker and the speaker-type vibration device in accordance with the input signal. The signal processing circuit outputs another signal for audio based on the input signal that is the same as or based on the input signal to the voice coil of the speaker, and includes a frequency component of 30 Hz to 300 Hz from the input signal and the input signal. A signal synchronized with the signal is extracted or generated, and the signal is output to the voice coil of the speaker type vibration device.
 本発明によれば、電子機器にとって好適な、応答性に優れ、安価、軽量且つコンパクトな振動装置を提供することができる。また、応答性に優れた振動装置を備えた振動機能付き電子機器を実現することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a vibration device that is suitable for electronic equipment, has excellent responsiveness, is inexpensive, lightweight, and compact. In addition, it is possible to realize an electronic device with a vibration function including a vibration device with excellent response.
実施形態1に係る振動機能付き電子機器の斜視図である。1 is a perspective view of an electronic device with a vibration function according to Embodiment 1. FIG. (a)はスピーカ型振動装置の平面図、(b)は(a)のIIb-IIb線断面図である。(A) is a plan view of the speaker-type vibration device, and (b) is a sectional view taken along line IIb-IIb in (a). 変形例に係る振動板の平面図である。It is a top view of the diaphragm which concerns on a modification. 変形例に係るスピーカ型振動装置の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the speaker-type vibration apparatus which concerns on a modification. スピーカおよびスピーカ型振動装置の振動特性を表すグラフである。It is a graph showing the vibration characteristic of a speaker and a speaker type vibration apparatus. スピーカおよびスピーカ型振動装置の音圧特性を表すグラフである。It is a graph showing the sound pressure characteristic of a speaker and a speaker type vibration apparatus. 信号処理回路の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of a signal processing circuit. 信号処理回路の一例を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows an example of a signal processing circuit. (a)は入力信号の波形図、(b)は低周波発信器から出力される信号の波形図、(c)はスピーカ型振動装置に出力される出力信号の波形図である。(A) is a waveform diagram of an input signal, (b) is a waveform diagram of a signal output from a low frequency transmitter, and (c) is a waveform diagram of an output signal output to a speaker-type vibration device. 信号処理回路の他の例を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the other example of a signal processing circuit. (a)は入力信号の波形図、(b)はスピーカ型振動装置に出力される出力信号の波形図である。(A) is a waveform diagram of an input signal, and (b) is a waveform diagram of an output signal output to a speaker-type vibration device. 信号処理回路の他の例を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the other example of a signal processing circuit. 実施形態2に係る振動機能付き電子機器の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the electronic device with a vibration function which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG. 実施形態4に係る振動機能付き電子機器の回路図である。FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of an electronic device with a vibration function according to a fourth embodiment. (a)は信号処理回路が生成するPWM信号の波形図、(b)および(c)はボイスコイルに供給される駆動信号の波形図である。(A) is a waveform diagram of a PWM signal generated by the signal processing circuit, and (b) and (c) are waveform diagrams of a drive signal supplied to the voice coil. (a)はパチニ小体の感度特性を表すグラフ、(b)は電子機器の全体の振動特性を表すグラフ、(c)はユーザーが電子機器から受ける感度の特性を表すグラフである。(A) is a graph showing the sensitivity characteristics of the pachini body, (b) is a graph showing the vibration characteristics of the entire electronic device, and (c) is a graph showing the sensitivity characteristics that the user receives from the electronic device. 実施形態5に係る振動機能付き電子機器の使用状態を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the use condition of the electronic device with a vibration function which concerns on Embodiment 5. FIG.
 <実施形態1>
 図1に示すように、振動機能付き電子機器(以下、単に電子機器という)1は、把持可能な筐体2と、スピーカ3と、スピーカ型振動装置(以下、単に振動装置という)4とを備えている。ここで「把持可能」とは、人間が片手でつかめることを言う。ただし、電子機器1は、把持された状態で使用されるものに限定されず、胸ポケット等に収納した状態で使用されるものであってもよい。スピーカ3および振動装置4は、筐体2の内部に取り付けられている。筐体2には、表示装置5と、複数のボタンからなる入力装置6とが設けられている。表示装置5の種類は何ら限定されず、例えば液晶表示装置や有機EL表示装置等を用いることができる。入力装置6の種類も何ら限定されず、ボタン以外の装置であってもよい。例えば、入力装置6として、タッチパッド、ジョイスティック等を利用することも可能である。タッチパネルとして入力装置6が表示装置5と一体化されていてもよい。なお、この電子機器1は、本発明の振動機能付き電子機器の一例に過ぎない。本発明に係る振動機能付き電子機器は、表示装置を備えていなくてもよく、入力装置を備えていなくてもよい。振動機能付き電子機器の用途も何ら限定されず、例えば、携帯型ゲーム機、携帯型電話、携帯型音楽プレーヤ等の携帯電子機器であってもよく、ゲーム本体と有線または無線で通信可能に接続されたゲーム用コントローラ等であってもよい。
<Embodiment 1>
As shown in FIG. 1, an electronic device with a vibration function (hereinafter simply referred to as an electronic device) 1 includes a housing 2 that can be held, a speaker 3, and a speaker-type vibration device (hereinafter simply referred to as a vibration device) 4. I have. Here, “grasping is possible” means that a human can hold it with one hand. However, the electronic device 1 is not limited to the one used in a gripped state, and may be used in a state of being stored in a breast pocket or the like. The speaker 3 and the vibration device 4 are attached inside the housing 2. The housing 2 is provided with a display device 5 and an input device 6 composed of a plurality of buttons. The type of the display device 5 is not limited at all, and for example, a liquid crystal display device, an organic EL display device, or the like can be used. The type of the input device 6 is not limited at all, and may be a device other than a button. For example, a touch pad, a joystick or the like can be used as the input device 6. The input device 6 may be integrated with the display device 5 as a touch panel. The electronic device 1 is only an example of the electronic device with a vibration function of the present invention. The electronic device with a vibration function according to the present invention may not include a display device and may not include an input device. The use of the electronic device with a vibration function is not limited at all, and may be a portable electronic device such as a portable game machine, a portable phone, and a portable music player, and connected to the game main body so that it can be wired or wirelessly communicated. It may be a game controller or the like.
 振動装置4は、スピーカの振動板に改良を加えることにより、音の発生を抑制しつつ、低周波の振動を発生させるようにしたものである。図2(a)は振動装置4の平面図、図2(b)は振動装置4の断面図である。振動装置4は、フレーム11と、フレーム11の底部に配置された磁石12と、磁石12の上に置かれたセンターポール13とを備えている。磁石12およびセンターポール13は、円盤状に形成されている。フレーム11およびセンターポール13は純鉄で形成されており、フレーム11の内周面とセンターポール13の外周面との間に、磁気空隙14が形成されている。フレーム11、磁石12およびセンターポール13は、磁気空隙14を有する磁気回路を構成している。磁気空隙14には、ボビン15に巻かれたボイスコイル16が配置されている。ボイスコイル16は、ボビン15を介して振動板20に固定されている。フレーム11にはリング部材17が嵌め込まれており、振動板20の周縁部20aは、リング部材17とフレーム11との間に挟まれている。これにより、振動板20がフレーム11に固定されている。 The vibration device 4 generates low-frequency vibration while suppressing generation of sound by improving the diaphragm of the speaker. 2A is a plan view of the vibration device 4, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the vibration device 4. FIG. The vibration device 4 includes a frame 11, a magnet 12 disposed at the bottom of the frame 11, and a center pole 13 placed on the magnet 12. The magnet 12 and the center pole 13 are formed in a disk shape. The frame 11 and the center pole 13 are made of pure iron, and a magnetic gap 14 is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the frame 11 and the outer peripheral surface of the center pole 13. The frame 11, the magnet 12, and the center pole 13 constitute a magnetic circuit having a magnetic gap 14. A voice coil 16 wound around a bobbin 15 is disposed in the magnetic gap 14. The voice coil 16 is fixed to the diaphragm 20 via the bobbin 15. A ring member 17 is fitted into the frame 11, and a peripheral edge portion 20 a of the diaphragm 20 is sandwiched between the ring member 17 and the frame 11. Thereby, the diaphragm 20 is fixed to the frame 11.
 図2(a)に示すように、振動板20には複数の孔20bが形成されている。孔20bの位置、寸法、数等は特に限定されないが、本実施形態では、12個の丸い孔20bが、周縁部20aの内側にて周方向に均等に配置されている。各孔20bの形状および寸法は同一であるが、それらは異なっていてもよい。振動板20は、平板状の中心部20cと、中心部20cと周縁部20aとの間に位置する断面山型のダンパ部20dとを有している。孔20bはダンパ部20dに形成されている。振動板20は、周縁部20aが支持された略平板状に形成されている。振動板20の孔20bは、共振周波数を低い周波数帯域にシフトさせると共に、音圧の発生を抑制する目的で形成されている。 As shown in FIG. 2A, the diaphragm 20 has a plurality of holes 20b. The position, size, number, and the like of the holes 20b are not particularly limited. In the present embodiment, twelve round holes 20b are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction inside the peripheral edge 20a. The shape and dimensions of each hole 20b are the same, but they may be different. The diaphragm 20 has a flat plate-shaped central portion 20c and a mountain-shaped damper portion 20d located between the central portion 20c and the peripheral edge portion 20a. The hole 20b is formed in the damper portion 20d. The diaphragm 20 is formed in a substantially flat plate shape with the peripheral edge 20a supported. The hole 20b of the diaphragm 20 is formed for the purpose of shifting the resonance frequency to a low frequency band and suppressing the generation of sound pressure.
 ところで、人間の皮膚には機械受容器として、パチニ小体、マイスナー小体、メルケル盤、およびルフィニ小体が備わっていることが知られている。このうち、パチニ小体およびマイスナー小体は迅速に反応する受容器であり、特にマイスナー小体は30Hz近辺、パチニ小体は100Hz~300Hzの低周波帯域において高い感度を有することが知られている。30Hz~300Hzの振動を与えると、迅速に反応する受容器を効果的に刺激できることが経験的に分かっている。携帯電子機器等に搭載される従来のスピーカでは、このような低周波を効果的に出力することは困難であった。しかし、スピーカ型の振動装置4では、振動板20に孔20bが形成され、または錘を取り付けることにより、共振周波数を低くすることができるので、パチニ小体やマイスナー小体を効果的に刺激することのできる低周波を十分に出力することが可能となった。具体的には、マイスナー小体またはパチニ小体を効果的に刺激すると言われている30Hz~300Hzの低周波を十分に出力することが可能となった。 By the way, it is known that human skin is equipped with a Pacini body, a Meissner body, a Merkel board, and a Rufini body as mechanoreceptors. Among these, the Pacini body and the Meissner body are receptors that react quickly, and in particular, the Meissner body is known to have high sensitivity in the vicinity of 30 Hz, and the Pacini body has a high sensitivity in a low frequency band of 100 Hz to 300 Hz. . Experience has shown that applying a 30 Hz to 300 Hz vibration can effectively stimulate a rapidly responding receptor. It has been difficult to effectively output such a low frequency with a conventional speaker mounted on a portable electronic device or the like. However, in the speaker-type vibration device 4, the resonance frequency can be lowered by forming the hole 20 b in the diaphragm 20 or attaching a weight, so that the Patini body and the Meissner body are effectively stimulated. It has become possible to sufficiently output the low frequency that can be used. Specifically, it has become possible to sufficiently output a low frequency of 30 Hz to 300 Hz, which is said to effectively stimulate the Meissner body or Patini body.
 なお、本実施形態では、振動板20に丸い孔20bを設けることによって共振周波数を低くしたが、他の手法で同様の目的を達成することも可能である。例えば、図3に示すように、丸い孔20bの代わりに、振動板20にスリット孔20eを設けてもよい。図3に示す例では、振動板20のダンパ部20dに放射状に延びるスリット孔20eが形成されている。なお、振動板20の横断面形状は、図2(b)に示す前述の振動板20と同様である。また、振動板20自身を多孔質体で形成してもよい。言い換えると、振動板20に多数の小孔を設けるようにしてもよい。また、図4に示すように、孔20bを設けずに、振動板20に錘18を固定するようにしてもよい。図4に示す例では、円盤状の錘18が振動板20の中心部20cの上に固定されている。錘18の固定方法は何ら限定されない。例えば、錘18を振動板20に接着してもよく、振動板20に嵌め込むようにしてもよい。また、振動板20に孔20bを設けると共に、錘18を固定するようにしてもよい。なお、本明細書でいう「孔」は、周囲が囲まれた孔に限らず、周囲の一部が開放された孔であってもよい。錘18に孔を形成してもよい。錘18および振動板20にそれらを貫通する孔を設け、これらの孔を通じて、錘18の上方と振動板20の下方との間で空気が流通可能になっていてもよい。すなわち、錘18および振動板20に空気の逃がし孔が形成されていてもよい。 In this embodiment, the resonance frequency is lowered by providing the diaphragm 20 with the round hole 20b. However, the same object can be achieved by other methods. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, a slit hole 20e may be provided in the diaphragm 20 instead of the round hole 20b. In the example shown in FIG. 3, slit holes 20 e extending radially are formed in the damper portion 20 d of the diaphragm 20. The cross-sectional shape of the diaphragm 20 is the same as that of the diaphragm 20 shown in FIG. Moreover, you may form diaphragm 20 itself with a porous body. In other words, the diaphragm 20 may be provided with a large number of small holes. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the weight 18 may be fixed to the diaphragm 20 without providing the hole 20b. In the example shown in FIG. 4, a disk-shaped weight 18 is fixed on the central portion 20 c of the diaphragm 20. The fixing method of the weight 18 is not limited at all. For example, the weight 18 may be bonded to the diaphragm 20 or may be fitted into the diaphragm 20. Further, the diaphragm 20 may be provided with a hole 20b and the weight 18 may be fixed. In addition, the “hole” in the present specification is not limited to a hole surrounded by the periphery, and may be a hole in which a part of the periphery is opened. A hole may be formed in the weight 18. The weight 18 and the diaphragm 20 may be provided with holes penetrating them, and air may be allowed to flow between the upper side of the weight 18 and the lower side of the diaphragm 20 through these holes. That is, air escape holes may be formed in the weight 18 and the diaphragm 20.
 なお、孔20bは空気振動を抑制する効果が大きく、そのため、中高音域の音を抑制する効果が大きい。また、低音域では振幅が大きいため、振動板20が大きく振れる必要がある。通常のスピーカでは、振動板の周辺にはダンパ効果を発揮する軟らかい材料が用いられる。ところが、本実施形態の振動装置4は、安価且つコンパクトなスピーカを利用したものであるため、振動板20は単一の材料からなり、中心部20cもダンパ部20dも周縁部20aも同一の材料で形成されている。そのため、孔20b等を設けることなくダンパ効果を持たせるためには、振動板20を軟らかくするか、薄くする必要がある。しかし、振動板20が軟らかすぎると、振動板20がうまく振動しなくなるおそれがある。また、振動板20を薄くしようとすると、振動板20が高価になりがちである。そこで、本実施形態では、振動板20に孔20bを形成するという簡便な方法を採用することにより、共振周波数を下げると共に、振動板20の振幅を稼ぐこととした。 Note that the hole 20b has a large effect of suppressing air vibrations, and thus has a large effect of suppressing sounds in the middle and high range. In addition, since the amplitude is large in the low sound range, the diaphragm 20 needs to swing greatly. In a normal speaker, a soft material that exhibits a damper effect is used around the diaphragm. However, since the vibration device 4 of the present embodiment uses an inexpensive and compact speaker, the diaphragm 20 is made of a single material, and the central portion 20c, the damper portion 20d, and the peripheral portion 20a are the same material. It is formed with. Therefore, in order to provide a damper effect without providing the hole 20b or the like, the diaphragm 20 needs to be softened or thinned. However, if the diaphragm 20 is too soft, the diaphragm 20 may not vibrate well. Further, if the diaphragm 20 is to be thinned, the diaphragm 20 tends to be expensive. Therefore, in this embodiment, by adopting a simple method of forming the hole 20b in the diaphragm 20, the resonance frequency is lowered and the amplitude of the diaphragm 20 is gained.
 本実施形態では、振動板20はPET(ポリエチレンテレフタレート)からなっている。ただし、振動板20はPEI(ポリエーテルイミド)、紙、フェノール樹脂を含浸させた木綿等の他の材料で形成されていてもよい。振動板20の材料は特に限定されない。錘18の材料も特に限定されない。錘18の材料として、例えば金属等を用いることができる。本実施形態では、錘18は金属製であり、振動板20は樹脂製であり、錘18と振動板20とは別体である。ただし、錘18が振動板20と一体化されていてもよい。錘18と振動板20とは同一材料から形成されていてもよい。錘18と振動板20とは一体成型されていてもよい。 In this embodiment, the diaphragm 20 is made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate). However, the diaphragm 20 may be formed of other materials such as cotton impregnated with PEI (polyetherimide), paper, and phenol resin. The material of the diaphragm 20 is not particularly limited. The material of the weight 18 is not particularly limited. For example, a metal or the like can be used as the material of the weight 18. In this embodiment, the weight 18 is made of metal, the diaphragm 20 is made of resin, and the weight 18 and the diaphragm 20 are separate. However, the weight 18 may be integrated with the diaphragm 20. The weight 18 and the diaphragm 20 may be formed from the same material. The weight 18 and the diaphragm 20 may be integrally formed.
 スピーカ3は、上述の振動装置4において、振動板20に孔20bが設けられていないものと同一である。振動板20以外の構成は振動装置4と同様であるので、スピーカ3の詳細な説明は省略する。 The speaker 3 is the same as the above-described vibration device 4 in which the diaphragm 20 is not provided with the hole 20b. Since the configuration other than the diaphragm 20 is the same as that of the vibration device 4, a detailed description of the speaker 3 is omitted.
 図5は、スピーカ3および振動装置4の振動特性を表すグラフである。図5のグラフの横軸は周波数を表し、30Hzから300Hzまでは10Hz間隔、300Hzから1kHzまでは100Hz間隔、1kHzから10kHzまでは1kHz間隔である。また、縦軸は振幅のレベルを表す。Aはスピーカ3、Bは振動板20に錘18が固定された振動装置4、Cは振動板20に孔20bが形成され且つ錘18が固定された振動装置4をそれぞれ示す。図5から、30Hz~300Hzの周波数帯域において、スピーカ3は実質的に振動しない一方、振動装置4は振動することが分かる。Bの共振周波数は約210Hz、Cの共振周波数は約190Hzであり、錘18が固定された振動板20に更に孔20bを設けることによって、共振周波数がより低い周波数にシフトしていることが分かる。 FIG. 5 is a graph showing the vibration characteristics of the speaker 3 and the vibration device 4. The horizontal axis of the graph of FIG. 5 represents the frequency, with 30 Hz to 300 Hz being 10 Hz intervals, 300 Hz to 1 kHz being 100 Hz intervals, and 1 kHz to 10 kHz being 1 kHz intervals. The vertical axis represents the amplitude level. A shows the speaker 3, B shows the vibration device 4 in which the weight 18 is fixed to the vibration plate 20, and C shows the vibration device 4 in which the hole 20 b is formed in the vibration plate 20 and the weight 18 is fixed. From FIG. 5, it can be seen that, in the frequency band of 30 Hz to 300 Hz, the speaker 3 does not vibrate substantially while the vibration device 4 vibrates. The resonance frequency of B is about 210 Hz, the resonance frequency of C is about 190 Hz, and it can be seen that the resonance frequency is shifted to a lower frequency by further providing a hole 20 b in the diaphragm 20 to which the weight 18 is fixed. .
 図6は、スピーカ3および振動装置4の音圧特性を表すグラフである。図6のグラフの横軸は周波数を表し、縦軸は音圧を表す。図5と同様、Aはスピーカ3、Bは振動板20に錘18が固定された振動装置4、Cは振動板20に孔20bが形成され且つ錘18が固定された振動装置4をそれぞれ示す。図6から、Aのスピーカ3では、300Hzを超えた辺りから音圧が上昇し、比較的広い周波数帯域で音圧が発生することが分かる。また、Aのスピーカ3では約300Hz以下の周波数帯域では音圧が発生せず、Bの振動装置4では約3kHz以下の周波数帯域で音圧が発生せず、さらにCの振動装置4では約5kHz以下の周波数帯域で音圧が抑制されていることが分かる。すなわち、振動板20に錘18を設けることで共振周波数が下がり、中音域の音声の出力が抑制され、更に孔20bを設けることにより、中音域音声の出力がより一層抑制されることが分かる。 FIG. 6 is a graph showing the sound pressure characteristics of the speaker 3 and the vibration device 4. The horizontal axis of the graph in FIG. 6 represents frequency, and the vertical axis represents sound pressure. As in FIG. 5, A indicates the speaker 3, B indicates the vibration device 4 in which the weight 18 is fixed to the vibration plate 20, and C indicates the vibration device 4 in which the hole 20 b is formed in the vibration plate 20 and the weight 18 is fixed. . From FIG. 6, it can be seen that in the speaker 3 of A, the sound pressure rises from above 300 Hz, and the sound pressure is generated in a relatively wide frequency band. The A speaker 3 does not generate sound pressure in the frequency band of about 300 Hz or less, the B vibration device 4 does not generate sound pressure in the frequency band of about 3 kHz or less, and the C vibration device 4 has about 5 kHz. It can be seen that the sound pressure is suppressed in the following frequency bands. That is, it can be seen that the resonance frequency is lowered by providing the weight 18 on the diaphragm 20, the output of the midrange sound is suppressed, and the output of the midrange sound is further suppressed by providing the hole 20b.
 筐体2の内部には、信号処理回路7が設けられている。図7に示すように、信号処理回路7は、音声に関する入力信号S1を受け取り、この入力信号S1に基づいて、スピーカ3(詳しくはスピーカ3のボイスコイル16)に信号S2を出力し、振動装置4(詳しくは振動装置4のボイスコイル16)に信号S3を出力する。信号S2はスピーカ3から音声を発生させるための音声に関する信号であり、信号S3は振動装置4を振動させるための信号である。信号S2およびS3は、デジタル信号でもよく、アナログ信号であってもよい。 A signal processing circuit 7 is provided inside the housing 2. As shown in FIG. 7, the signal processing circuit 7 receives an input signal S1 related to sound, and outputs a signal S2 to the speaker 3 (specifically, the voice coil 16 of the speaker 3) based on the input signal S1, and the vibration device 4 (specifically, the voice coil 16 of the vibration device 4) outputs a signal S3. The signal S2 is a signal related to sound for generating sound from the speaker 3, and the signal S3 is a signal for vibrating the vibration device 4. The signals S2 and S3 may be digital signals or analog signals.
 図8は、信号処理回路7の一例を表すブロック図である。この例では、入力信号S1は出力信号S2として、そのままスピーカ3に出力される。 FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an example of the signal processing circuit 7. In this example, the input signal S1 is output to the speaker 3 as it is as the output signal S2.
 一方、フィルタ32は入力信号S1から所定の周波数帯域の成分を抽出し、音圧測定部33は抽出された成分の単位時間当たりの音圧(例えば平均の音圧)を測定する。フィルタ32が抽出する成分は、振動として伝えたい周波数帯域の成分であり、任意に設定することができる。フィルタ32の種類は何ら限定されないが、例えば、所定の周波数以下の成分だけを抽出するローパスフィルタ等や、FFTなどを用いて分解された特定の周波数成分、または複数の周波数成分を勘案して抽出するフィルタ等を用いることができる。なお、フィルタ32で抽出された成分は、アンプ等で増幅されてから音圧測定部33に出力されてもよい。本実施形態では、入力信号S1から所定の周波数帯域の成分を抽出することとしているが、フィルタ32による抽出の代わりに、入力信号S1の周波数を所定の周波数帯域にシフトさせるようにしてもよい。この場合、音圧測定部33は、周波数シフトされた信号の音圧を測定する。 On the other hand, the filter 32 extracts a component of a predetermined frequency band from the input signal S1, and the sound pressure measuring unit 33 measures the sound pressure per unit time (for example, average sound pressure) of the extracted component. The component extracted by the filter 32 is a component in a frequency band desired to be transmitted as vibration, and can be set arbitrarily. The type of the filter 32 is not limited at all. For example, a low-pass filter that extracts only components below a predetermined frequency, a specific frequency component decomposed by using FFT, or a plurality of frequency components is extracted. A filter or the like can be used. The component extracted by the filter 32 may be output to the sound pressure measurement unit 33 after being amplified by an amplifier or the like. In the present embodiment, components of a predetermined frequency band are extracted from the input signal S1, but instead of extraction by the filter 32, the frequency of the input signal S1 may be shifted to a predetermined frequency band. In this case, the sound pressure measurement unit 33 measures the sound pressure of the frequency-shifted signal.
 低周波発信器31は、パチニ小体やマイスナー小体を効果的に刺激する低周波、すなわち30Hz~300Hzの信号を出力する。なお、低周波発信器31から出力される信号は、正弦波の信号であってもよく、矩形波の信号であってもよい。 The low frequency transmitter 31 outputs a low frequency signal that effectively stimulates the Pachiny body and the Meissner body, that is, a signal of 30 Hz to 300 Hz. The signal output from the low frequency transmitter 31 may be a sine wave signal or a rectangular wave signal.
 ボリューム調整部34は、低周波発信器31から出力される信号の音圧を、音圧測定部33で測定された音圧に比例するように調整する。これにより、調整後の信号S3は、信号S2と同期した信号となる。なお、ボリューム調整部34による調整方法は、低周波発信器31から出力される信号の音圧を音圧測定部33で測定された音圧に比例させる方法に限らず、例えば、音圧測定部33で測定された音圧の対数を計算し、それに比例させる方法等、他の方法であってもよい。 The volume adjustment unit 34 adjusts the sound pressure of the signal output from the low-frequency transmitter 31 so as to be proportional to the sound pressure measured by the sound pressure measurement unit 33. Thereby, the adjusted signal S3 becomes a signal synchronized with the signal S2. Note that the adjustment method by the volume adjustment unit 34 is not limited to a method in which the sound pressure of the signal output from the low-frequency transmitter 31 is proportional to the sound pressure measured by the sound pressure measurement unit 33. For example, the sound pressure measurement unit Other methods such as a method of calculating the logarithm of the sound pressure measured at 33 and making it proportional thereto may be used.
 図9(a)~(c)は各信号の波形図の例を表しており、図9(a)は入力信号S1、図9(b)は低周波発信器31から出力される信号、図9(c)は出力信号S3の波形をそれぞれ表している。言い換えると、図9(a)は原波形、図9(b)は振動用波形、図9(c)は調整後の波形をそれぞれ表している。 9A to 9C show examples of waveform diagrams of each signal, FIG. 9A shows an input signal S1, FIG. 9B shows a signal output from the low-frequency transmitter 31, and FIG. 9 (c) represents the waveform of the output signal S3. In other words, FIG. 9A shows the original waveform, FIG. 9B shows the vibration waveform, and FIG. 9C shows the adjusted waveform.
 なお、上述した信号処理回路7の例では、入力信号S1と同一の信号が出力信号S2としてスピーカ3に出力される。ただし、スピーカ3に出力される信号S2は入力信号S1と同一でなくてもよく、何らかの処理が施された信号であってもよい。すなわち、出力信号S2は入力信号S1に基づく他の音声用の信号であってもよい。 In the example of the signal processing circuit 7 described above, the same signal as the input signal S1 is output to the speaker 3 as the output signal S2. However, the signal S2 output to the speaker 3 may not be the same as the input signal S1, and may be a signal subjected to some processing. That is, the output signal S2 may be another audio signal based on the input signal S1.
 以上により、振動装置4には、スピーカ3に出力される信号S2と同期した信号S3が出力され、振動装置4はスピーカ3から出力される音声に対応した振動を発生することになる。 As described above, the signal S3 synchronized with the signal S2 output to the speaker 3 is output to the vibration device 4, and the vibration device 4 generates vibration corresponding to the sound output from the speaker 3.
 なお、信号処理回路7の構成は上記例に限定されない。図10は、信号処理回路7の他の例を示すブロック図である。本例においても、入力信号S1は出力信号S2として、そのままスピーカ3に出力される。フィルタ35は、入力信号S1から所定の周波数帯域の成分を抽出し、それを増幅する。すなわち、入力信号S1のフィルタリングを行う。周波数シフト部36は、フィルタリングされた信号の周波数を、振動装置4の共振周波数付近にまでシフトする。そして、周波数シフトされた信号S3が振動装置4に出力される。信号S3は信号S2と同期した信号である。そのため、振動装置4はスピーカ3から出力される音声に対応した振動を発生することになる。図11(a)は入力信号S1の波形図、図11(b)は出力信号S3の波形図の例をそれぞれ表している。 The configuration of the signal processing circuit 7 is not limited to the above example. FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating another example of the signal processing circuit 7. Also in this example, the input signal S1 is output to the speaker 3 as it is as the output signal S2. The filter 35 extracts a component of a predetermined frequency band from the input signal S1, and amplifies it. That is, the input signal S1 is filtered. The frequency shift unit 36 shifts the frequency of the filtered signal to near the resonance frequency of the vibration device 4. Then, the frequency-shifted signal S3 is output to the vibration device 4. The signal S3 is a signal synchronized with the signal S2. Therefore, the vibration device 4 generates vibration corresponding to the sound output from the speaker 3. FIG. 11A illustrates an example of a waveform diagram of the input signal S1, and FIG. 11B illustrates an example of a waveform diagram of the output signal S3.
 図12は、信号処理回路7の他の例を示すブロック図である。本例においても、入力信号S1は出力信号S2として、そのままスピーカ3に出力される。フィルタ35は、振動として伝えたい部分の周波数帯を選んで、入力信号S1のフィルタリングを行う。入力レベル計測部37は、フィルタリングされた信号の入力レベル、すなわち音圧を計測する。振動生成部38は、音圧が所定値以上に達したことをトリガーとして、振動装置4に振動用の出力信号S3を出力する。振動生成部38は、入力信号S1とは無関係に予め用意した振動用の信号を振動装置4に出力してもよく、入力信号S1から振動用の信号を生成し、それを振動装置4に出力するようにしてもよい。このように、本例では、フィルタリングされた信号の入力レベルが所定値以上になったときに、それと同期して振動装置4を振動させる。なお、本例によれば、入力信号S1として楽曲の信号が入力される場合、フィルタ35で抽出した低音部分がある間隔で一定値以上の音圧に達するのであれば、その間隔で振動が発生するので、楽曲のリズムに合った振動を発生させることが可能である。 FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing another example of the signal processing circuit 7. Also in this example, the input signal S1 is output to the speaker 3 as it is as the output signal S2. The filter 35 performs filtering of the input signal S1 by selecting a part of the frequency band to be transmitted as vibration. The input level measurement unit 37 measures the input level of the filtered signal, that is, the sound pressure. The vibration generation unit 38 outputs an output signal S3 for vibration to the vibration device 4 with the sound pressure reaching a predetermined value or more as a trigger. The vibration generation unit 38 may output a vibration signal prepared in advance regardless of the input signal S1 to the vibration device 4, and generates a vibration signal from the input signal S1 and outputs it to the vibration device 4. You may make it do. Thus, in this example, when the input level of the filtered signal becomes a predetermined value or higher, the vibration device 4 is vibrated in synchronization with the input level. According to this example, when a music signal is input as the input signal S1, vibration occurs at an interval when the low-pitched portion extracted by the filter 35 reaches a sound pressure of a certain value or more at a certain interval. Therefore, it is possible to generate vibration that matches the rhythm of the music.
 前述したように、電子機器1は表示装置5を備えている(図1参照)。表示装置5には、スピーカ3から出力される音声と同期した画像が表示される。スピーカ3の音声と振動装置4の振動とは同期するので、結局、表示装置5の画像とスピーカ3の音声と振動装置4の振動とは、互いに同期することになる。例えば、表示装置5において、ある物体が他の物体と衝突する画像が動画として表示される場合、衝突した瞬間にスピーカ3から衝突音が出力され、振動装置4から衝突を模擬した振動が加えられる。これにより、小型の電子機器1でありながら、臨場感に溢れた表現が実現できる。 As described above, the electronic device 1 includes the display device 5 (see FIG. 1). The display device 5 displays an image synchronized with the sound output from the speaker 3. Since the sound of the speaker 3 and the vibration of the vibration device 4 are synchronized, the image of the display device 5, the sound of the speaker 3 and the vibration of the vibration device 4 are eventually synchronized with each other. For example, when an image in which a certain object collides with another object is displayed on the display device 5 as a moving image, a collision sound is output from the speaker 3 at the moment of the collision, and a vibration simulating the collision is applied from the vibration device 4. . Thereby, although it is the small electronic device 1, the expression full of the realism is realizable.
 以上のように、振動装置4によれば、振動板20に孔20bを形成するという工夫により、安価且つ小型のスピーカの構造を利用しつつ、パチニ小体やマイスナー小体を刺激する低周波(例えば30Hz~300Hz)の振動を効果的に発生させることができる。振動装置4は、偏心モータではなくスピーカの構造を利用しているので、信号の強弱に対する応答性が高い。よって、小型、軽量、且つ安価で応答性に優れた振動装置を実現することができる。 As described above, according to the vibration device 4, the low frequency (stimulating the Pacini body and the Meissner body while using the structure of an inexpensive and small speaker is devised by forming the hole 20 b in the diaphragm 20. For example, vibration of 30 Hz to 300 Hz) can be effectively generated. Since the vibration device 4 uses a speaker structure instead of an eccentric motor, the response to signal strength is high. Therefore, a vibration device that is small, light, inexpensive, and excellent in responsiveness can be realized.
 本実施形態に係る振動装置4では、複数の孔20bが、振動板20の周縁部20aの内側にて、周方向に並んでいる。このように、支持された部分(すなわち周縁部20a)の近くに複数の孔20bを形成することにより、振動板20から出力される中音域の音を抑制することができ、尚且つ、振動板20の面積が減ることにより、振幅を大きくでき、安定した構成で共振周波数を低周波数帯域にシフトすることができる。 In the vibration device 4 according to the present embodiment, the plurality of holes 20b are arranged in the circumferential direction inside the peripheral edge portion 20a of the diaphragm 20. As described above, by forming the plurality of holes 20b near the supported portion (that is, the peripheral edge portion 20a), it is possible to suppress the mid-range sound output from the diaphragm 20, and the diaphragm. By reducing the area of 20, the amplitude can be increased, and the resonance frequency can be shifted to a low frequency band with a stable configuration.
 また、本実施形態によれば、小さな口径のスピーカを利用し、振動板20に錘18を付加するという簡易な構成により、パチニ小体やマイスナー小体を刺激する低周波の振動を発生させることができる。このような構成によっても、小型、軽量、且つ安価で応答性に優れた振動装置を実現することができる。 Further, according to the present embodiment, low-frequency vibration that stimulates the Pachiny body or the Meissner body is generated by a simple configuration in which a speaker with a small diameter is used and the weight 18 is added to the diaphragm 20. Can do. With such a configuration, it is possible to realize a vibration device that is small, lightweight, inexpensive, and excellent in responsiveness.
 錘18を振動板20の中心部20cに固定することとすれば、振動板20の支持部分(すなわち周縁部20a)から比較的遠く離れた位置に錘18を配置することができる。これにより、振動板20の振動が、歪みなく安定して出力されるため、簡単な構成で共振周波数を低周波数帯域にシフトすることができる。 If the weight 18 is fixed to the center portion 20c of the diaphragm 20, the weight 18 can be disposed at a position relatively far from the support portion (that is, the peripheral edge portion 20a) of the diaphragm 20. Thereby, since the vibration of the diaphragm 20 is stably output without distortion, the resonance frequency can be shifted to a low frequency band with a simple configuration.
 本実施形態に係る電子機器1によれば、スピーカ3からの音声と振動装置4からの振動とを同期させることができ、音声だけでは実現できないような豊かな表現が実現できる。また、従来、周波数が300Hz以下の低周波音は小さなスピーカで表現することは困難であった。しかし、スピーカ型振動装置4を利用することにより、その低周波を振動という形で表現することが可能となった。それにより、ユーザーが高中音域だけでなく低周波音も振動で実感できるようになり、小型の電子機器1であっても臨場感のある表現が可能となる。また、例えば今まで振動として捉えることができなかった鳥の声や、小川のせせらぎなどを振動として表現することができ、人間の振動神経を通してそれらが実感できるようになる。本実施形態に係る電子機器1によれば、全く新しいユーザーインターフェースを実現することができる。 According to the electronic apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the sound from the speaker 3 and the vibration from the vibration device 4 can be synchronized, and a rich expression that cannot be realized only by sound can be realized. Conventionally, it has been difficult to express a low frequency sound having a frequency of 300 Hz or less with a small speaker. However, by using the speaker-type vibration device 4, the low frequency can be expressed in the form of vibration. As a result, the user can actually feel not only the high and middle sound range but also the low frequency sound by vibration, and even with the small electronic device 1, a realistic expression is possible. In addition, for example, a voice of a bird that could not be grasped as a vibration until now, a stream of a stream, and the like can be expressed as vibrations, and these can be realized through human vibration nerves. According to the electronic apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, a completely new user interface can be realized.
 また、本実施形態に係る電子機器1によれば、スピーカ3からの音声および振動装置4からの振動に加え、表示装置5における画像も同期させることができる。人間にとって刺激を受けやすい感覚は、第一に視覚であり、次に触覚、続いて聴覚である。例えばゴルフゲームを電子機器1で行った場合、ボールを打った瞬間の映像と音に同期させ、応答性の良い振動を手に与えることにより、臨場感が増す。この三種の感覚を同期させることにより、携帯電子機器やゲームのコントローラ等において、新しいユーザーインターフェースを実現することができる。 Further, according to the electronic apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, in addition to the sound from the speaker 3 and the vibration from the vibration device 4, the image on the display device 5 can be synchronized. The sensation that humans are susceptible to is first visual, then tactile, and then auditory. For example, when a golf game is played with the electronic device 1, a sense of reality is increased by synchronizing the image and sound at the moment of hitting the ball and giving a highly responsive vibration to the hand. By synchronizing these three types of feelings, a new user interface can be realized in portable electronic devices, game controllers, and the like.
 <実施形態2>
 図13に示すように、実施形態2に係る振動機能付き電子機器8は、スピーカおよび振動装置がそれぞれステレオ化されているものである。すなわち、本実施形態に係る電子機器8は、左側のスピーカ3Lおよび右側のスピーカ3Rと、左側の振動装置4Lおよび右側の振動装置4Rとを備えている。各スピーカ3L,3Rの構成は実施形態1のスピーカ3と同様であり、各振動装置4L,4Rの構成は実施形態1の振動装置4と同様である。実施形態1と同様の部分には同様の符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
<Embodiment 2>
As shown in FIG. 13, the electronic device 8 with a vibration function according to the second embodiment is such that a speaker and a vibration device are each made stereo. That is, the electronic device 8 according to the present embodiment includes a left speaker 3L and a right speaker 3R, a left vibration device 4L, and a right vibration device 4R. The configuration of each speaker 3L, 3R is the same as that of the speaker 3 of the first embodiment, and the configuration of each vibration device 4L, 4R is the same as that of the vibration device 4 of the first embodiment. Parts similar to those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
 スピーカ3L,3Rおよび振動装置4L,4Rには、それぞれステレオ信号が入力される。ここで「ステレオ信号」とは、立体感を醸し出すことを目的として、左右のスピーカ3L,3R等に入力される互いに同期した一対の信号のことである。また、左側の振動装置4Lは、左側のスピーカ3Lから出力される音声と同期した振動を発生させる。右側の振動装置4Rは、右側のスピーカ3Rから出力される音声と同期した振動を発生させる。そのため、左右一対のスピーカ3L,3Rがステレオ音声を出力するのと同様に、左右一対の振動装置4L,4Rは、ステレオ化された振動を発生させることになる。 Stereo signals are input to the speakers 3L and 3R and the vibration devices 4L and 4R, respectively. Here, the “stereo signals” are a pair of signals synchronized with each other and input to the left and right speakers 3L, 3R, etc. for the purpose of producing a three-dimensional effect. The left vibration device 4L generates vibration synchronized with the sound output from the left speaker 3L. The right vibration device 4R generates vibrations synchronized with the sound output from the right speaker 3R. For this reason, the pair of left and right vibration devices 4L and 4R generate stereo-ized vibrations in the same manner as the pair of left and right speakers 3L and 3R output stereo sound.
 従来の電子機器では、ステレオ効果は専ら音声に関して得られるものであったが、本実施形態によれば、振動に関してもステレオ効果を得ることができる。したがって、聴覚と触覚の両方において、ステレオ感を得ることができ、より臨場感のある表現が可能となる。 In conventional electronic devices, the stereo effect can be obtained exclusively with respect to sound, but according to the present embodiment, the stereo effect can also be obtained with respect to vibration. Therefore, a stereo sense can be obtained in both auditory sense and tactile sense, and a more realistic expression is possible.
 なお、本実施形態に係る電子機器8は、表示装置5とスピーカ3L,3Rと振動装置4L,4Rとを備えたものであったが、表示装置5を省略し、スピーカ3L,3Rおよび振動装置4L,4Rのみを備えたものであってもよい。また、表示装置5およびスピーカ3L,3Rを省略し、振動装置4L,4Rのみを備えたものであってもよい。 The electronic apparatus 8 according to the present embodiment includes the display device 5, the speakers 3L and 3R, and the vibration devices 4L and 4R. However, the display device 5 is omitted, and the speakers 3L and 3R and the vibration device are included. Only 4L and 4R may be provided. Further, the display device 5 and the speakers 3L and 3R may be omitted, and only the vibration devices 4L and 4R may be provided.
 <実施形態3>
 実施形態3に係る振動機能付き電子機器は、人間の皮膚の機械的受容器に対して単なる振動だけでなく、擬似的な慣性力を与えるものである。図14に示すように、本実施形態に係る電子機器は、信号処理回路41と、振動装置4を駆動する駆動回路42とを備えている。振動装置4には、実施形態1で説明した各種の振動装置を用いることができる。すなわち、振動板20に孔が形成された振動装置、振動板20に錘18が固定された振動装置、または振動板20に孔が形成されると共に錘18が固定された振動装置等を用いることができる。
<Embodiment 3>
The electronic device with a vibration function according to the third embodiment applies not only a simple vibration but also a pseudo inertial force to a human skin mechanical receptor. As shown in FIG. 14, the electronic apparatus according to this embodiment includes a signal processing circuit 41 and a drive circuit 42 that drives the vibration device 4. As the vibration device 4, the various vibration devices described in the first embodiment can be used. That is, a vibration device in which a hole is formed in the vibration plate 20, a vibration device in which the weight 18 is fixed to the vibration plate 20, or a vibration device in which a hole is formed in the vibration plate 20 and the weight 18 is fixed is used. Can do.
 駆動回路42は、FET(Field Effect Transistor)等からなる4つのトランジスタTr1,Tr2,Tr3,Tr4を備え、それらのトランジスタTr1,Tr2,Tr3,Tr4によってH型のブリッジ回路が構成されている。トランジスタTr1,Tr2,Tr3,Tr4のON/OFFが適宜切り替えられることにより、振動装置4のボイスコイル16に与えられる電流の方向が定められる。 The drive circuit 42 includes four transistors Tr1, Tr2, Tr3, Tr4 made of FET (Field Effect Transistor) and the like, and an H-type bridge circuit is configured by these transistors Tr1, Tr2, Tr3, Tr4. The direction of the current applied to the voice coil 16 of the vibration device 4 is determined by appropriately switching ON / OFF of the transistors Tr1, Tr2, Tr3, Tr4.
 信号処理回路41は、CPU40からの命令を受け、PWM信号を生成する。図15(a)は、信号処理回路41が生成するPWM信号の一例を示している。信号処理回路41は、1周期中に、パルス幅が徐々に大きくなった後、徐々に小さくなるような複数のパルスを生成する。ここでは、信号処理回路41は、1周期の間に10個のパルスP1~P10を生成する。パルスP1~P5では、パルス幅が徐々に大きくなる。一方、パルスP6~P10では、パルス幅が徐々に小さくなる。図15(c)に示すように、パルスP1~P5が出力される間、トランジスタTr1およびTr4はOFFとなり、トランジスタTr2およびTr3はONとなる。その結果、ボイスコイル16は一方の側へ吸引され、振動板20は一方の側へ変形する。これに対し、図15(b)に示すように、パルスP6~P10が出力される間、トランジスタTr1およびTr4はONとなり、トランジスタTr2およびTr3はOFFとなる。その結果、ボイスコイル16は他方の側へ吸引され、振動板20は他方の側へ変形する。 The signal processing circuit 41 receives a command from the CPU 40 and generates a PWM signal. FIG. 15A shows an example of a PWM signal generated by the signal processing circuit 41. The signal processing circuit 41 generates a plurality of pulses that gradually decrease after the pulse width gradually increases during one cycle. Here, the signal processing circuit 41 generates ten pulses P1 to P10 in one cycle. In the pulses P1 to P5, the pulse width gradually increases. On the other hand, in the pulses P6 to P10, the pulse width gradually decreases. As shown in FIG. 15C, while the pulses P1 to P5 are output, the transistors Tr1 and Tr4 are turned off and the transistors Tr2 and Tr3 are turned on. As a result, the voice coil 16 is attracted to one side, and the diaphragm 20 is deformed to one side. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 15B, while the pulses P6 to P10 are output, the transistors Tr1 and Tr4 are turned on and the transistors Tr2 and Tr3 are turned off. As a result, the voice coil 16 is attracted to the other side, and the diaphragm 20 is deformed to the other side.
 振動板20は、パルスP1~P5を受けることによって一方側へ向かって徐々に速く変形するが、トランジスタTr1~Tr4が切り替えられると共にパルスP6を受けると、急激に他方側へ向かって変形する。すなわち、振動板20は、急激に変形の向きを変える。そして、パルスP6~P10により、振動板20は、変形の速度を弛めながら他方側に向かって徐々に変形する。パルスP10の後、トランジスタTr1~Tr4が再び切り替えられ、振動板20は再びパルスP1を受ける。この際、振動板20は、他方側から一方側へ変形の向きを変えるが、その向きの変化は穏やかに行われる。 The diaphragm 20 is gradually deformed toward one side by receiving the pulses P1 to P5. However, when the transistors Tr1 to Tr4 are switched and the pulse P6 is received, the diaphragm 20 is rapidly deformed to the other side. That is, the vibration plate 20 changes the direction of deformation abruptly. Then, the pulses P6 to P10 cause the diaphragm 20 to gradually deform toward the other side while slowing the deformation speed. After the pulse P10, the transistors Tr1 to Tr4 are switched again, and the diaphragm 20 receives the pulse P1 again. At this time, the vibration plate 20 changes the direction of deformation from the other side to the one side, but the change in the direction is performed gently.
 このように、本実施形態によれば、振動板20の一方側から他方側への変形は急激に行われるが、他方側から一方側への変形は穏やかに行われる。これにより、ユーザーに対して、振動だけでなく、他方側に向かう擬似的な慣性力を与えることができる。 As described above, according to the present embodiment, the deformation of the diaphragm 20 from one side to the other side is abruptly performed, but the deformation from the other side to the one side is performed gently. Thereby, not only vibration but a pseudo inertial force toward the other side can be given to the user.
 なお、振動板20に与える信号は、図15(a)~(c)に示す例に限られない。変形の往路の信号と復路の信号とが非対称であれば、往路と復路とで振動板20の変形の態様に差を設けることができる。これにより、人間の皮膚の機械的受容器に擬似的な慣性力を与えることが可能となる。人間の皮膚の機械的受容器は速い動きには敏感である一方、遅い動きは知覚しにくいため、この物理的差異以上に感覚的効果が期待できる。 Note that the signal given to the diaphragm 20 is not limited to the examples shown in FIGS. If the forward signal and the backward signal of the deformation are asymmetrical, a difference can be provided in the deformation mode of the diaphragm 20 between the forward route and the backward route. Thereby, it becomes possible to give a pseudo inertia force to the mechanical receptor of human skin. The mechanoreceptors of human skin are sensitive to fast movements, but slow movements are difficult to perceive, so a sensory effect can be expected beyond this physical difference.
 なお、より強い慣性力を与えるためには、パチニ小体やマイスナー小体を効果的に刺激する低周波、すなわち30Hz~300Hzの繰り返し信号による駆動が効果的である。装置の具体的構成に応じて、非対称性を強調できるような周波数を選択することが好ましい。ただし、振動装置4の応答性が悪くて30Hz~300Hzで非対称的に駆動させることができない場合には、30Hz未満の周波数を用いるようにしてもよい。 In order to give a stronger inertial force, it is effective to drive with a low frequency that effectively stimulates the Pacini body and the Meissner body, that is, 30 Hz to 300 Hz. Depending on the specific configuration of the apparatus, it is preferable to select a frequency that can enhance the asymmetry. However, when the vibration device 4 has poor responsiveness and cannot be driven asymmetrically at 30 Hz to 300 Hz, a frequency of less than 30 Hz may be used.
 また、強い慣性力を与えるために、連続的な信号を加えるようにしてもよい。更に、慣性力を与える時間を変更可能にすることにより、より効果的な刺激を与えることもできる。具体的には、例えば、ボイスコイルが一方側に移動する際に強い電力を与え、他方側に移動する際に弱い電力を与えるという動作を多数回繰り返す。次に、一方側に移動する際に弱い電力を与え、他方側に移動する際に強い電力を与えるという動作を少数回繰り返す。これを繰り返すことにより、例えば、短時間押された後、強く引かれるような感覚をユーザーに与えることができる。 Also, a continuous signal may be added to give a strong inertial force. Furthermore, more effective stimulation can be given by making it possible to change the time for applying the inertial force. Specifically, for example, the operation of applying strong power when the voice coil moves to one side and applying weak power when moving the voice coil to the other side is repeated many times. Next, the operation of giving weak power when moving to one side and giving strong power when moving to the other side is repeated a few times. By repeating this, for example, it is possible to give the user a feeling of being pulled strongly after being pressed for a short time.
 <実施形態4>
 図16(a)はパチニ小体の感度特性の一例を表すグラフである。図16(a)から分かるように、パチニ小体は所定周波数(本例では200Hz。以下、ピーク周波数という)の振動に対して非常に高い感度を示すが、周波数がピーク周波数からずれるに従って、感度が急激に低下する。電子機器の用途によっては、比較的広い周波数範囲に渡って、感度を保ちたい場合がある。実施形態4は、振動機能付き電子機器にフラットな振動感度特性を持たせるようにしたものである。
<Embodiment 4>
FIG. 16A is a graph showing an example of the sensitivity characteristic of the Pachiny body. As can be seen from FIG. 16 (a), the Patini body has a very high sensitivity to vibration of a predetermined frequency (200 Hz in this example, hereinafter referred to as a peak frequency), but as the frequency deviates from the peak frequency, the sensitivity Decreases rapidly. Depending on the application of the electronic device, it may be desired to maintain sensitivity over a relatively wide frequency range. In the fourth embodiment, a flat vibration sensitivity characteristic is given to an electronic device with a vibration function.
 図16(b)は、筐体2を含めた電子機器1の全体の振動特性の一例を示すグラフであり、電子機器1に生じる加速度が振動周波数によってどのように変化するかを表している。図16(b)に示す例では、振動特性波形は、200Hzよりも小さい周波数と200Hzよりも大きい周波数とにおいて、ピークを有している。すなわち、電子機器1は、200Hzよりも小さな共振周波数と、200Hzよりも大きな共振周波数とを有している。例えば、錘18の重量や、筐体2の形状、寸法、または材料等を適宜選択することにより、電子機器1の固有振動数を調整することができ、電子機器1の振動特性を設定することができる。 FIG. 16B is a graph showing an example of the overall vibration characteristics of the electronic device 1 including the housing 2, and shows how the acceleration generated in the electronic device 1 changes depending on the vibration frequency. In the example shown in FIG. 16B, the vibration characteristic waveform has peaks at a frequency smaller than 200 Hz and a frequency larger than 200 Hz. That is, the electronic device 1 has a resonance frequency smaller than 200 Hz and a resonance frequency larger than 200 Hz. For example, the natural frequency of the electronic device 1 can be adjusted and the vibration characteristics of the electronic device 1 can be set by appropriately selecting the weight 18, the shape, dimensions, or material of the housing 2. Can do.
 ユーザーの振動感度は、人体に内在する要因(すなわち、振動に対して人体がどのように反応するか)と、人体の外部から与えられる要因(外部から与えられる実際の振動)との両方で定まる。そこで、パチニ小体の感度特性と電子機器1の振動特性とを足し合わせることによって、ユーザーの振動感度を推定することができる。図16(c)の波形K3は、図16(a)の波形K1と図16(b)の波形K2とを足し合わせたものであり、パチニ小体のピーク周波数を含めた比較的広い周波数帯域にわたってフラットであるという特性を有している。 The vibration sensitivity of the user is determined by both factors inherent in the human body (that is, how the human body reacts to vibration) and factors given from outside the human body (actual vibrations given from the outside). . Therefore, the vibration sensitivity of the user can be estimated by adding the sensitivity characteristics of the pachini body and the vibration characteristics of the electronic device 1 together. A waveform K3 in FIG. 16C is obtained by adding the waveform K1 in FIG. 16A and the waveform K2 in FIG. 16B, and has a relatively wide frequency band including the peak frequency of the Pachiny body. It has the characteristic that it is flat.
 このように、電子機器1の振動特性(図16(b)参照)を予め適宜に設定しておくことにより、パチニ小体のピーク周波数を含めた広い周波数帯域にわたって感度を高く維持することが可能となる。詳しくは、パチニ小体のピーク周波数帯域(200Hz付近の周波数帯域)では加速度が小さくなり、その周波数帯域よりも小さな周波数帯域および大きな周波数帯域では加速度が大きくなるような振動特性(図16(b)参照)を持たせることによって、フラットな振動感度特性(図16(c)参照)を示す電子機器1を実現することができる。 Thus, by setting the vibration characteristics (see FIG. 16B) of the electronic apparatus 1 appropriately in advance, it is possible to maintain high sensitivity over a wide frequency band including the peak frequency of the pachini body. It becomes. Specifically, the vibration characteristic is such that the acceleration is small in the peak frequency band (frequency band near 200 Hz) of the pachini body, and the acceleration is large in a frequency band smaller and larger than that frequency band (FIG. 16B). The electronic device 1 that exhibits flat vibration sensitivity characteristics (see FIG. 16C) can be realized.
 <実施形態5>
 実施形態5に係る電子機器は、いわゆる骨伝導によってユーザーに振動を与えるものである。図17に示すように、実施形態5に係る電子機器50は、パイプ状の筐体(以下、単にパイプという)51と、パイプ51に取り付けられた振動装置4とを備えている。なお、振動装置4としては、前述の各実施形態の振動装置4を用いることができる。
<Embodiment 5>
The electronic device according to the fifth embodiment gives vibration to the user by so-called bone conduction. As illustrated in FIG. 17, the electronic device 50 according to the fifth embodiment includes a pipe-shaped housing (hereinafter simply referred to as a pipe) 51 and the vibration device 4 attached to the pipe 51. As the vibration device 4, the vibration device 4 of each of the above-described embodiments can be used.
 本実施形態の電子機器50は、ユーザーがパイプ51を歯55で挟み込むことによって使用される。振動装置4が振動を発生させると、ユーザーは歯55を通じてその振動を感じることになる。例えば、食べ物を噛む時に感じる振動を模擬した振動を振動装置4から発生させることにより、ユーザーに食べ物を食べているような感覚を与えることができる。また、タバコの煙を吸い込むときに感じる振動を模擬した振動を振動装置4に発生させることにより、ユーザーにタバコを吸っているような感覚を与えることができる。 The electronic device 50 according to the present embodiment is used when the user sandwiches the pipe 51 with the teeth 55. When the vibration device 4 generates vibration, the user feels the vibration through the teeth 55. For example, by generating a vibration simulating the vibration felt when chewing food from the vibration device 4, it is possible to give the user a sense of eating food. In addition, by causing the vibration device 4 to generate vibrations that simulate vibrations that are felt when smoking cigarette smoke, the user can be given a sensation of smoking cigarettes.
 1,8  振動機能付き電子機器
 2    筐体
 3    スピーカ
 4    スピーカ型振動装置
 5    表示装置
 6    入力装置
 7    信号処理回路
 14   磁気空隙
 16   ボイスコイル
 18   錘
 20   振動板
 20a  孔
 20e  スリット
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,8 Electronic device with a vibration function 2 Case 3 Speaker 4 Speaker type vibration device 5 Display device 6 Input device 7 Signal processing circuit 14 Magnetic gap 16 Voice coil 18 Weight 20 Diaphragm 20a Hole 20e Slit

Claims (11)

  1.  磁気空隙を有する磁気回路と、前記磁気空隙に配置されたボイスコイルと、前記ボイスコイルに固定された振動板と、を備え、
     前記振動板に錘が設けられていることを特徴とするスピーカ型振動装置。
    A magnetic circuit having a magnetic gap, a voice coil disposed in the magnetic gap, and a diaphragm fixed to the voice coil,
    A speaker-type vibration device, wherein a weight is provided on the diaphragm.
  2.  前記振動板は、周縁部が支持された略平板状に形成され、
     前記振動板の中心に前記錘が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のスピーカ型振動装置。
    The diaphragm is formed in a substantially flat plate shape with a peripheral edge supported.
    The speaker-type vibration device according to claim 1, wherein the weight is provided at a center of the diaphragm.
  3.  磁気空隙を有する磁気回路と、前記磁気空隙に配置されたボイスコイルと、前記ボイスコイルに固定された振動板と、を備え、
     前記振動板に孔が形成され且つ錘が設けられていることを特徴とするスピーカ型振動装置。
    A magnetic circuit having a magnetic gap, a voice coil disposed in the magnetic gap, and a diaphragm fixed to the voice coil,
    A speaker-type vibration device, wherein a hole is formed in the diaphragm and a weight is provided.
  4.  磁気空隙を有する磁気回路と、前記磁気空隙に配置されたボイスコイルと、前記ボイスコイルに固定された振動板と、を備え、
     前記振動板に孔が形成されていることを特徴とするスピーカ型振動装置。
    A magnetic circuit having a magnetic gap, a voice coil disposed in the magnetic gap, and a diaphragm fixed to the voice coil,
    A speaker-type vibration device, wherein a hole is formed in the diaphragm.
  5.  前記振動板は、周縁部が支持された略平板状に形成され、
     前記振動板には、前記周縁部の内側にて周方向に並んだ複数の孔が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のスピーカ型振動装置。
    The diaphragm is formed in a substantially flat plate shape with a peripheral edge supported.
    The speaker-type vibration device according to claim 4, wherein the diaphragm is formed with a plurality of holes arranged in a circumferential direction inside the peripheral edge.
  6.  共振周波数が30Hz~300Hzとなるように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか一つに記載のスピーカ型振動装置。 6. The loudspeaker type vibration device according to claim 1, wherein the resonance frequency is 30 Hz to 300 Hz.
  7.  請求項1~6のいずれか一つに記載のスピーカ型振動装置と、
     磁気空隙を有する磁気回路と、前記磁気空隙に配置されたボイスコイルと、前記ボイスコイルに固定された振動板とを備えたスピーカと、
     音声に関する入力信号が入力され、当該入力信号に応じて前記スピーカおよび前記スピーカ型振動装置の各ボイスコイルに信号を出力する信号処理回路と、を備え、
     前記信号処理回路は、
      前記入力信号と同一または前記入力信号に基づく音声用の他の信号を前記スピーカのボイスコイルに出力する一方、
      前記入力信号から、30Hz~300Hzの周波数成分を含み且つ前記入力信号と同期した信号を抽出または生成し、当該信号を前記スピーカ型振動装置のボイスコイルに出力する、
    ことを特徴とする振動機能付き電子機器。
    A speaker-type vibration device according to any one of claims 1 to 6;
    A speaker including a magnetic circuit having a magnetic gap, a voice coil disposed in the magnetic gap, and a diaphragm fixed to the voice coil;
    A signal processing circuit that receives an input signal related to sound and outputs a signal to each voice coil of the speaker and the speaker-type vibration device according to the input signal;
    The signal processing circuit includes:
    While outputting the other signal for voice based on the same or the input signal to the voice coil of the speaker,
    Extracting or generating a signal including a frequency component of 30 Hz to 300 Hz and synchronized with the input signal from the input signal, and outputting the signal to the voice coil of the speaker-type vibration device.
    An electronic device with a vibration function.
  8.  前記スピーカおよび前記スピーカ型振動装置は、それぞれ一対設けられ、
     前記両スピーカおよび前記両スピーカ型振動装置に、それぞれステレオ信号が入力されることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の振動機能付き電子機器。
    A pair of each of the speaker and the speaker-type vibration device is provided,
    The electronic device with a vibration function according to claim 7, wherein stereo signals are respectively input to the both speakers and the both-speaker type vibration device.
  9.  把持可能な筐体を備え、
     前記スピーカ型振動装置および前記スピーカが前記筐体に取り付けられ、前記信号処理回路が前記筐体の内部に収納されていることを特徴とする請求項7または8に記載の振動機能付き電子機器。
    With a grippable housing,
    The electronic apparatus with a vibration function according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the speaker-type vibration device and the speaker are attached to the housing, and the signal processing circuit is housed in the housing.
  10.  画像を表示する表示装置を備え、
     前記信号処理回路は、前記スピーカから出力する音声と前記スピーカ型振動装置から出力する振動とに同期した画像を前記表示装置に表示させることを特徴とする請求項7~9のいずれか一つに記載の振動機能付き電子機器。
    A display device for displaying images;
    The signal processing circuit causes the display device to display an image synchronized with sound output from the speaker and vibration output from the speaker-type vibration device. Electronic equipment with vibration function as described.
  11.  請求項1~6のいずれか一つに記載のスピーカ型振動装置と、
     前記ボイスコイルが往復移動するように前記ボイスコイルに駆動信号を供給する信号供給装置と、を備え、
     前記ボイスコイルを一方の側へ移動させる駆動信号と、前記ボイスコイルを他方の側へ移動させる駆動信号とが、異なっていることを特徴とする振動機能付き電子機器。
    A speaker-type vibration device according to any one of claims 1 to 6;
    A signal supply device that supplies a drive signal to the voice coil so that the voice coil reciprocates,
    An electronic device with a vibration function, wherein a drive signal for moving the voice coil to one side is different from a drive signal for moving the voice coil to the other side.
PCT/JP2010/067362 2009-10-06 2010-10-04 Speaker-type vibration apparatus, and electronic apparatus provided with vibration function WO2011043292A1 (en)

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