WO2011033324A1 - Thermo-frame element, and heat-radiating, radiant heat absorbing, air-heating and air-recooling bordering surfaces formed with this thermo-frame element - Google Patents

Thermo-frame element, and heat-radiating, radiant heat absorbing, air-heating and air-recooling bordering surfaces formed with this thermo-frame element Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011033324A1
WO2011033324A1 PCT/HU2009/000083 HU2009000083W WO2011033324A1 WO 2011033324 A1 WO2011033324 A1 WO 2011033324A1 HU 2009000083 W HU2009000083 W HU 2009000083W WO 2011033324 A1 WO2011033324 A1 WO 2011033324A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
thermo
frame element
heat
frame
pipeline
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/HU2009/000083
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Béla BOLDOGHY
József KUMMERT
György KOCSIS
Original Assignee
Boldoghy Bela
Kummert Jozsef
Kocsis Gyoergy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by Boldoghy Bela, Kummert Jozsef, Kocsis Gyoergy filed Critical Boldoghy Bela
Publication of WO2011033324A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011033324A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0089—Systems using radiation from walls or panels
    • F24F5/0092—Systems using radiation from walls or panels ceilings, e.g. cool ceilings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/12—Tube and panel arrangements for ceiling, wall, or underfloor heating
    • F24D3/16—Tube and panel arrangements for ceiling, wall, or underfloor heating mounted on, or adjacent to, a ceiling, wall or floor
    • F24D3/165—Suspended radiant heating ceiling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0089—Systems using radiation from walls or panels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Definitions

  • thermo-frame element and heat-radiating, radiant heat absorbing, air-heating and air-recooling bordering surfaces formed with this thermo-frame element
  • thermo-frame element and heat-radiating, radiant heat absorbing, air-heating and air-recooling bordering surfaces formed with this thermo- frame element.
  • the formation has a surface radiating function, and beside this it has a self-supporting and load-bearing function as well, this way in case of the application of the thermo-frame element according to the invention there is no need to apply a main frame or auxiliary frame and also damage free subsequent fixing work can be provided with the help of thermo-frame element, and the fixing boards attached to the thermo- frame elements.
  • the thermo-frame element is suitable for forming thermo-frame elements of optional shapes.
  • the most common form of ensuring the suitable temperature is the use of various heat emission devices, ovens, central heating etc. to ensure the suitable temperature of the living space in the winter season, whereas in summer the cooling of the living space to the suitable temperature takes place with the use of air-conditioning systems.
  • the radiating surface heatings, surface radiating panels, suitable for heat transfer have come up, that is one unit is suitable both for cooling and heating according to demand in order to ensure the suitable temperature of the living space, depending on whether heat addition or heat extraction is needed in the given period of time. Till up these solutions could be created by two ways: either with on-site applied technology, e.g.
  • the carrying structure is the load-bearing structure and the surface-radiating panel is fixed to it by a mechanical fastener. So for example on a ferro-concrete slab or onto its ribs - namely onto the frame structure - is fixed a suspended metal structure: the auxiliary frame, and the thermo-radiating panel is fixed onto this auxiliary frame.
  • the subject of the HU 221 757 Hungarian patent description is a pre-fabricated building element, a slab element, wall element or the like, which is for example made of concrete and serves for the air-conditioning of spaces.
  • small diameter pipes conducting heating or cooling agents are integrated into the building element.
  • the pipes are fixed into pipe-clamps, which have distance-keeping supports and extendable stubs toward the back on the bordering side of the room to promote fixing jobs necessary later.
  • the HU 210 628 Hungarian patent description makes known a pre-fabricated board- element for surface air-conditioning system, which has an insulating layer, which is arranged in raster, it has grooves to house the pipes of the carrying agent, whereas the upper part of the insulating layer is connected to the grooves with a heat-conducting layer.
  • the essence of the invention is, that above the insulating layer and/or the heat- conducting layer there is a load-distributing layer connected to them, with a thickness of (D 2 ) which is lower than the thickness (Di) of the insulating layer.
  • the grooves are formed in such a way, that there is insulation between the pipe and the load-distributing layer.
  • the structural wall panels advantageously include a fluid conduit disposed within an interior concrete layer of the structural wall panel where the conduit is adapted to convey a thermal transfer fluid through the interior concrete layer.
  • a thermal insulation layer is provided between the first concrete layer and a second concrete layer, which can be disposed on an exterior surface of the wall.
  • the thermal transfer fluid can be heated and/or cooled to regulate the temperature of the interior concrete layer and thereby control the temperature of the interior of the building.
  • the first concrete layer can have a high thermal mass to increase the efficiency of the system.
  • Platelike heating and/or cooling system for installation in floors, walls and ceilings is provided in the patent application published on 12. December 1979 on the publication number EP 000 5774.
  • This system contains heating and/or cooling pipes running in loops and embedded in channels on the top side of the heat-insulating base plate, this base plate being covered with a heat-conductive layer with a plastic coating on its upper surface, characterized by the fact that the heat-conductive layer is corrosion-proof and vapour-permeable and that dehumidifying channels are arranged on the upper side of the base plate which runs from the channels to the edges of the adjacent building structures or characterized by the fact that a second heat-conductive layer is arranged above the plastic-coated heat-conductive layer, both heat-conductive layers being corrosion-proof and vapour-permeable, that the cover plates; of the heating and/or cooling system, which are made of mineral material, are moisture-proof and vapour-permeable and that the second heat-conductive layer is equipped with openings.
  • the US 406 9973 patent application published on 24. January 1978 makes known an apparatus for the storage of thermal energy and for the distribution of such thermal energy to the interior of a building.
  • the preferred system utilizes prestressed, precast concrete decking panels with hollow cores through which a fluid conducting conduit extends to form a grid within the decking panels. Selected cores have spaced ports communicating with face surfaces of the panels to provide an air flow passage through the selected cores. Fluid from a primary heat storage is controllably circulated through the conduit so that the fluid and the panels provide a secondary storage as well as a heat radiator for continuous even heating while the air flow passages permit forced or gravity flow heating of air for rapidly compensating for an extreme or sudden heat loss.
  • the GB 142 9745 patent application published on 24. March 1976 makes known a unit used in the construction of the exterior wall of a building has a body portion and a boxlike portion formed on a suitable part of its interior wall surface defining a space of suitable size to house an air treating system.
  • the box-like portion has openings and for the passage of indoor air, while the exterior wall has an opening communicating with the space to exhaust indoor air or take in outdoor air.
  • a heating and cooling system of the heat pump type may be installed in the space.
  • the unit may be constructed so that the body portion is above the bo -like portion.
  • a window may be fitted above the unit.
  • a building panel comprises a hollow body for forming a wall or roof of a room and whose principal surfaces are intended to face zones at different temperatures so that one wall of the body acts a heat sink and the other as a heat emitting source.
  • the interior of the panel which is totally enclosed is filled with a heat-carrier vapour or fluid medium.
  • the GB 141 3675 patent application published on 12. November 1975 makes known building panels for the absorption and emission of thermal radiation.
  • These building panels consist of two surface elements each providing a surface for the emission and/or absorption of thermal radiation which are insulated from each other, each surface element being thermally connected to heat storage means, at least one surface element being connected to said storage means by heat pipes containing a vaporizable- condensible heat carrying fluid.
  • the surface elements are in the form of building panels for the roof, wall or ceiling structure.
  • the DE 1035 5884 patent application published on 07. July 2005 makes known structural panels which are fitted through a supporting structure to a building ceiling or wall or floor incorporate heat exchanger pipes for passing through a heating or cooling medium.
  • the pipes are connected through couplings each comprising two halves of which those connected to the supply and discharge pipes are fixed secure or displaceable on the support structure, and those which are connected to the heat exchanger pipes are fixed secure or displaceable on the structural panels.
  • the supporting structure and structural panels have complementary centring elements for mutually correct positioning.
  • the US 476 6951 patent application published on 30. August 1988 makes known a linear panel unit for use on walls or ceilings capable of providing radiant heating and/or cooling.
  • the panels have an external panel shell, which itself can be used as a passive panel, an extruded aluminum radiator panel resting in the shell with outward side in contact with the shell and an inward side in contact with a copper tube capable of containing fluids of varying temperature. Clips between bilateral troughs in the sidewall of the panel shell and the inward side of the radiator panel secure contact between radiator panel and the shell.
  • the copper tubes of the active radiant panel units communicating with one another.
  • EP patent application published on 29. July 1992, on the publication number EP 049 6714 makes known heating- and/or cooling baffle, shaped as panels of that stroke which includes, at least a pipeline for a heat-emiting or heat-absorbing flow medium.
  • the pipeline is in heat conducting contact with, from this protruding, longitudinal flanges, whereby at least some of the panels are provided with transverse gill-shaped slits.
  • a number of panels along the side-edges of the flanges are connected to each other, forming the walls in a baffle-barrel.
  • the invention is a thermo-frame element, and heat-radiating, radiant heat absorbing, and air-heating and air-recooling bordering surfaces formed with this thermo-frame element, which contains a pipeline placed in grooves formed in thermal insulating material, which is characterized by that, in one side of the load-bearing and thermal insulating material (2) shaped according to demand flaring-in trapezoid grooves (6) suitable for housing a pipeline (5) are formed and a heat-exchanging crust (4) is formed in the grooves (6) with the use of heat-conducting mortar (20) comprising of a metal mesh (7) enclosing the pipeline (5), and the edges of the loadbearing and thermal insulating material (2) parallel with the pipeline (5) are formed in such a rim (10) formation way, that ensures, that plane, or shaped assembly panels (11) are fastened between the two thermo-frame elements (1) to the rims (10) of the thermo-frame element (1).
  • a back-crust (3) is formed on the surface opposite to the heat-exchanging crust (4) of the load-bearing and thermal insulating material (2) of the thermo-frame element (1).
  • the metal mesh (7) placed in the heat-exchanging crust (4) of the thermo-frame element (1) is parallel with the surface formed by the load-bearing and thermal insulating material (2).
  • the metal mesh (7) placed in the heat-exchanging crust (4) of the thermo-frame element (1) is parallel with the surface formed by the load-bearing and thermal insulating material (2) in such a way, that the pipeline (5) placed in the trapezoid grooves (6) shaped in the load-bearing and thermal insulating material (2) is surrounded by the metal mesh (7) from the inner side of the trapezoid grooves (6).
  • thermo-frame element (1) In a further preferred embodiement of the solution according to the invention a back- crust (3) of great strength taking up the tensile force is formed on the opposite side of the direction of heat-radiation of the thermo-frame element (1), it is needed, because the moving, and building-in of the thermo-frame element (1) take place with the help of several statical supports, and then the change of moment results in the change of tensile forces on the upper part of the thermo-frame element (1), so without this back-crust (3) the thermo-frame element (1) would crack during delivery, or installing.
  • thermo-frame element (1) in a further preferred embodiement of the solution according to the invention can take place by direct screwing on to the structure of the bearing building, and taking into consideration the circumstances it is practical here to use thermal screwing.
  • thermo-frame element (1) can take place by direct suspension, by concealed suspension, or by direct, distance ensuring suspension.
  • thermo-frame element (1) in a further preferred embodiement of the solution according to the invention can take place by direct sticking, practically the silicate surface can be stuck on to the side wall, to the ceiling, in given case additional local screwing is needed to reinforce sticking.
  • thermo-frame element (1) can take place by fastening it onto an auxiliary frame, correcting at the same time the plane of the surface with the auxiliary frame.
  • the material of the auxiliary frame can be wood, metal, plastic, or paper.
  • the Fig 1 shows one of the possible preferable realizations of the thermo-frame element according to the invention in A-A section according to the Fig 2.
  • the Fig 2 shows another possible preferable realization of the thermo-frame element, in section.
  • the Fig 3 shows a further possible preferable realization of the thermo-frame element according to the invention, in section.
  • the Fig 4 shows the realization of the thermo-frame element according to the invention shown in the Fig 1, in top view.
  • the Fig 5 shows the realization of a heat-radiating surface formed with the thermo- frame element according to the invention and two methods of its fixing.
  • the Fig 6 shows a possible realization of the rim formation of the thermo-frame element.
  • thermo-frame element shows another possible realization of the rim formation of the thermo-frame element.
  • the Fig 8 shows a further possible realization of the rim formation of the thermo-frame element.
  • thermo-frame element with a snap-on support placed inside.
  • the Fig 10 shows the formation of the thermo-frame element of arch shape.
  • the Fig 11 shows another possible realization of the thermo-frame element of arch shape.
  • the Fig 12 shows a radiating surface formed with the thermo-frame element of arch shape.
  • the Fig 13 shows the location of the feeding pipeline and outgoing pipeline of the heat- radiating surface formed with the thermo-frame elements.
  • the Fig 1 shows one of the possible preferable realizations of the thermo-frame element according to the invention in A-A section according to the Fig 2.
  • the load- bearing and thermal insulating material 2 of the thermo-frame element 1 can be seen with the back-crust 3 on one surface.
  • the flaring-in trapezoid grooves 6 are formed on the opposite side of the back-crust 3 of the load-bearing and thermal insulating material 2 with the pipeline 5.
  • the pipeline 5 placed into the flaring-in trapezoid grooves 6 is totally enclosed by the heat-conducting mortar 20 ensuring the proper heat transfer.
  • the metal mesh 7 placed into the heat-conducting mortar 20 together with the metal mesh 7 placed into the heat-conducting mortar 20 as well they form the heat-exchanging crust 4.
  • the rims 10 formed along the edges of the thermo-frame element 1 parallel with the pipeline 5 can be seen in the figure as well.
  • thermo-frame element 1 shown in the Fig 1 shows another possible preferable realization of the thermo-frame element, in section.
  • thermo-frame element 1 shown in the Fig 1 a similar formation of thermo-frame element 1 shown in the Fig 1 can be seen with the difference, that this case the back-crust 3 was not formed.
  • This solution, namely the omission of the back-crust 3 can be applied only in case the material of the load-bearing and thermal insulating material 2 can form an appropriate heat shield and appropriate to the tensile and compressive stresses, as otherwise this side can crack.
  • thermo-frame element 1 shown in the Fig 1
  • metal mesh 7 in the heat-exchanging crust 4 is situated in such a way that metal mesh 7 encloses the pipeline 5 from the inner side of the trapezoid groove.
  • the Fig 4 shows the realization of the thermo-frame element according to the invention shown in the Fig 1, in top view.
  • the pipeline 5 placed in the thermo-frame element 1 and the rims 10 can be seen in the figure.
  • the Fig 5 shows the realization of a heat-radiating surface formed with the thermo- frame element according to the invention and two methods of its fixing.
  • the formation of the heat-radiating surface with the help of the thermo-frame elements 1 can be seen in the figure. It takes place in such a way, that the assembly panels 11 are fastened in a common way to the rim 10 of the thermo-frame elements 1 placed in the required distance with the help of screws 9 for example.
  • the fixing and suspension of the heat- radiating surface formed from the thermo-frame elements 1 can take place directly to the slab 8 in such a way, that the thermo-frame element 1 itself is fastened to the slab 8 near its rims 10 through the screw 9 and suspension device 15.
  • thermo-frame elements 1 The fixing and suspension of the heat-radiating surface formed from the thermo-frame elements 1 to the slab 8 can take place in such a way, that a suspension distributing frame 14 is fastened to the slab 8 through a suspension device 15 and the thermo-frame element 1 is fastened to it with the help of screws 9.
  • the assembly space 12 situated between the slab 8 and the thermo- frame element 1, as well as the space between the two thermo-frame elements 1, and the assembly zone 13 can be seen in the figure.
  • the assembly zone 13 ensures easy access to the assembly zone 13 and the assembly space 12 by unscrewing the assembly panel 11.
  • the mechanical engineering devices are placed in the assembly space 12.
  • thermo-frame element 1 shows a possible realization of the rim formation of the thermo-frame element. It can be seen in the figure, that this case the assembly panel 11 is a plane plate fastened to the rims 10 of the thermo-frame elements 1 with screws. This case the rims 10 of the thermo-frame elements 1 are formed in such a way that during mounting the assembly panels 11, the lower plane of the thermo-frame element 1 is identical with the lower plane of the assembly panel 11.
  • the Fig 7 shows another possible realization of the rim formation of the thermo-frame element. It can be seen in the figure, that the assembly panel 11 is a plane plate fastened to the rims 10 of the thermo-frame elements 1 with screwing. This case the rims 10 of the thermo-frame elements 1 are formed in such a way that during the mounting of the assembly panel 11 the lower plane of the assembly panel 11 is higher than the lower plane of the thermo-frame element 1.
  • the Fig 8 shows a further possible realization of the rim formation of the thermo-frame element.
  • the assembly panel 11 is an arch shape plate fastened to the rims 10 of the thermo-frame elements 1 with screwing.
  • the rims 10 of the thermo-frame elements 1 are formed in such a way, that they follow the arch-like form of the assembly panel 11.
  • the Fig 9 shows another possible realization of the rim formation of the thermo-frame element with a snap-on support placed inside.
  • this case a snap-on support 16 is fixed onto the rims 10 of the thermo-frame element 1.
  • the rims 10 were formed in such a way, that they hold the snap-on support 16.
  • no other fastening is needed, as the rims hold the snap-on support 16 and the lamp element 17 fixed to it.
  • thermo-frame element of arch shape shows the formation of the thermo-frame element of arch shape. It can be seen in the figure, that in case of such a formation of the thermo-frame element 1 of arch shape, the heat-exchanging crust 4 is placed on a surface of lesser arch surface, so it radiates inward.
  • thermo-frame element of arch shape shows another possible realization of the thermo-frame element of arch shape. It can be seen in the figure, that in case of such a formation of the thermo-frame element 1 of arch shape, the heat-exchanging crust 4 is placed on the external surface of a bigger arch surface, so it radiates outwards.
  • thermo-frame element of arch shape shows a radiating surface formed with the thermo-frame element of arch shape.
  • the application of this solution is practical in case of spaces of great headroom, when greater radiation must be ensured due to the headroom size.
  • the thermo-frame elements 1 of arch shape and the assembly panels 11 between them can be seen in the figure.
  • the Fig 13 shows the location of the feeding pipeline and outgoing pipeline of the heat- radiating surface formed with the thermo-frame elements. It can be seen in the figure, that the feeding pipeline 18 providing the feeding of the pipeline 5 placed into the thermo-frame elements 1 and the outgoing pipeline 19 are placed in the assembly space
  • thermo-frame elements 12 situated between the two thermo-frame elements 1, directly above the assembly zone
  • thermo-frame element 1 in case of the preferable realization of the solution according to the invention takes place during the following steps:
  • the first step is the cutting and forming of the foam material of the load-bearing and thermal insulating material 2 to the proper shape and size.
  • the trapezoid grooves 6, or other customized surfaces are formed in the solid sheet (3 m x 40 cm x 4 cm) of required thickness with the known technology. It can take place with a joinery industry milling head technology, joinery-like milling or a hot-wire cutting system, or hot pressing, or form-foaming.
  • the bonding bridge (mortar) is applied with brush, roller or spreading.
  • the covering layer namely the covering mortar is applied on basis of the principle sufresh on fresh"
  • the plate is turned round and depending on the pipe type, the pipe unit formed to accurate size keeping its form, is placed into the trapezoid grooves.
  • a plastic pipe is used, then previously it must be fixed on a net ensuring the shape, so it is placed together with the net.
  • the condition of placing any kind of pipeline is the positioning fixing in the head of the flaring-in trapezoid grooves, which guarantees, that the mortar providing the material of the heat- exchanging crust can everywhere enclose the pipes.
  • the bonding bridge is applied.
  • the heat-exchanging crust is applied with keeping of the principle of mecanicfresh on fresh" as well.
  • a reinforcing mesh is applied as well, then it must be done between the application of the bonding bridge and the micro-mortar.
  • a net of great mesh should be applied so that the micro-mortar can penetrate through the meshes to the flaring-in trapezoid grooves as well.
  • thermo-frame element is fixed directly on to the slab element, e.g. on a monolithe ferro-concrete plate, or on a ribbed ferro -concrete element, or steel structure in the traditional way.
  • thermo-frame element is fixed on to a slab of optional material and shape by suspension, that is an assembly space of optional size can be shaped between the slab and the back-crust of the thermo-frame element, where the mechanical engineering parts can be housed.
  • assembly space can be accessed through the assembly zone by the unscrewing of the assembly panel.
  • thermo-frame element 1 can be fastened to the side walls as well, and the space can be cooled or heated through this.
  • thermo-frame element must have proper statical loadbearing capacity, and must meet the criteria of the frame, which also means a statical loadbearing capacity (self-supporting, load-bearing) as well.
  • the thermo-frame element ensures a functional formation as well beside the statical conditions, that is, it ensures the connection of the thermo-frame element to the covering elements of the ceiling, or sidewall, which can be a plane, or any other, arch-like solution as well.
  • the rim of the thermo-frame element is shaped in such a way, that it can be fixed to a plane surface by a gypsum wallboard, OSB plate or any other covering board, in given case it can be screwed into a gypsum wallboard, so it is not necessary to fasten it to a separate frame.
  • the size of the assembly zone must be chosen so, that it is possible to access the assembly zone manually and different parts can be reached there, without having to dismantle the heat-radiating surface itself.
  • thermo-frame element By the application of the thermo-frame element according to the invention it is possible to ensure the proper heat transfer, that is, it makes possible transferring heat into the inner space, or carrying away heat from the inner space, so the direction of the thermal flow can be optionally chosen.
  • the heat is transferred in a linear way with the help of a pipeline, so it must be made sure, that the amount of heat can flow from the pipeline towards the required radiation direction.
  • the pipeline must be bedded in a material of good heat-conducting character, as it is very important, that the surface thermal irregularity of the heat-exchanging crust of the of the thermo-frame element is as low as possible. However it must be also ensured, that the heat can not leave toward the opposite side of the direction of the heat radiation.
  • thermal-insulating material is placed on the opposite side of the direction of the radiation, that is, the thermal insulating material is integrated as a structural element, having also structural supporting function as well.
  • the supporting structural part itself is a one- grade, rigid heat-insulating foam.
  • the connection between the heat-exchanging crust and the load-bearing and heat- insulating material can be ensured by a surface adhesion of the two materials, surface bonding by sticking the two surfaces together, and a shape-closing ensured by the trapezoid grooves.
  • the trapezoid grooves should be preferably shaped in such a way, that the trapezoid grooves are formed in cross way as well, creating a cassette-like system, into which no pipes are placed, but the cooperation of the two materials and the static hold of the thermo-frame element can be further improved.
  • thermo-frame element 1 With the help of the thermo-frame element 1 the given space can be cooled or heated in such a way, that in one hand it radiates the heat outwards, or in case the radiation coming from the given space (reflection of the sun radiation) results in a bigger heat, then the radiating heat is absorbed. Besides it heats or cools back the air interfacing the surface of the thermo-frame element 1.
  • thermo-frame element A back-crust of great stability taking up tensile force is placed on the side opposite to the direction of heat radiation of the thermo-frame element according to the invention. It is needed, because during moving, building-in the thermo-frame element, it takes place with the help of more statical supports, and the change of moment results in the change of tensile forces on the upper part of the thermo-frame element, so without this back- crust the thermo-frame element would crack during delivery, or assembly.
  • the formation of the back-crust ensures taking up of statical tensile-compressive force besides it ensures sealing of the suface of the load-bearing and thermal insulating material, moreover it ensures fixing technically as well, eg. fastening by screws, so the capacity of holding of the screw is considerably increased.
  • the fixing of the thermo-frame element can take place by direct screwing on the structure of the bearing building, and taking into consideration the circumstances it is practical here to use thermal screwing.
  • the fixing of the thermo-frame element can take place by direct suspension, by concealed suspension, or by direct, distance-ensuring suspension.
  • the fixing of the thermo-frame element can take place by direct sticking.
  • the silicate surface can be stuck on to the side wall. Sticking itself is not sufficient in case of ceilings because of the thermal agitations, this case additional local screwing is needed.
  • Besides the fixing of the thermo-frame element can take place by fastening onto an auxiliary frame, correcting at the same time the plane of the surface with the auxiliary frame.
  • the material of the auxiliary frame can be wood, metal, plastic, or paper.
  • both the back-crust and the heat-exchanging crust must be capable of holding the screw even by creating a thread.
  • the back-crust and the heat-exchanging crust allow fastening with screws from both sides, because the thicker screws stay in the cement crust.
  • Each rims of the thermo-frame element are formed in such a way, that a surface closing covering is fastened by screws relating to the plane of the thermo-frame element, on any optional surface.
  • the covering can be regarded as an architectural element. From the production side it can be ensured, that several forms of rims are made according to demand, for example if a lamp element should be placed into a die bed, or a given element is placed into it, which can be of different shape and into which the die bed and the lamp placed in it can be put.
  • the joint groove can be regarded as an architectural design system as well. In case of applications, when it is often needed to access the assembly opening, for example in case of suspended ceilings, it is preferable to use a snap-on fastening, where the assembly panel can be snapped on with the help of a metal or plastic structural element.
  • thermo-frame element It is possible to fasten by screwing or sticking gypsum boards, acoustical boards, a ceiling pattern on to the thermo-frame element, as their heat-damping effect is minimal, therefore can be varied optionally. It is possible to put objects of considerable weight on some points of the thermo-frame element, a lamp-element of bigger size can be directly fixed onto it.
  • thermo-frame element can be formed as a surface of different curvings, or as a shell body, too. It is possible to form positive or negative curvings from it as well. It can be arch-like lengthwise or crosswise, for example in case of a stave surface.
  • the thermo-frame element allows to follow the shape of existing structures, as polystyrene can be cut to optional forms, so it is possible to follow the shape of any existing structure.
  • the system can not only be built-in on land and interiors, but also in places of adverse weather conditions, or in the ground, as both crusts can be composed of materials meeting the demands of application, eg. it can be synthetic resin bonded by cement, in every field of building construction.
  • a wet cooling surface can be produced with it, on which water flows.
  • the bonding material (cement, synthetic resin) of the mortar the system is insensitive to condensation of cooling processes, it works even under conditions of high condensation.
  • the heat-exchanging crust of the thermo-frame element is suitable for fastening cold covering on it, resulting from the material it is made of.
  • thermo-frame element 1 as a system element is suitable to be heated above the usual 40°C, namely beyond the low temperature radiation, as an embossed surface radiator adequate to the formation of the surface, and work eg. at a higher surface temperature, at 70°C-90°C.
  • an embossed surface radiator adequate to the formation of the surface, and work eg. at a higher surface temperature, at 70°C-90°C.
  • polystyrene In case of applying polyurethane this temperature can be as high as 90°C.
  • the thermo-frame element 1 must be embossed this case, because in case of hanging it into a space of greater headroom and positioned not too densely it can be ensured, that it radiates to every direction.
  • thermo-frame element 1 it is possible to form any geometrical shape, as the load-bearing and thermal insulating material 2 can be formed to optional shape and the trapezoid grooves 6 can be formed accordingly in it and the pipeline 5 can be placed in it as well, so the shape can be: plane, stave (curved lengthwise) arch-like (curved crosswise), spherical item, cylinder jacket, cone jacket, fractional surce, (V- shape, or zigzag shape).
  • the shape of the surface can be rod, rectangle, square, circle (top view base) or any plane figure: polygonal, amorphous, depending on how the polystyrene is cut. It depends on your choice how to insert the pipes.
  • the outgoing of the pipes from the thermo-frame towards the feeding direction takes always place toward the back surface of the frame. In case of plane surface linear joint is possible.
  • thermo-frame element In case of application of the thermo-frame element according to the invention the assembly zone can be opened any time subsequently along the thermo-frame elements without touching the main frame, so the constructional and assembly jobs are easier.
  • the thermo-frame element must meet with requirments, which are not required of surface-radiating panels.
  • the metal mesh 7 placed in the heat-exchanging crust of the thermo-frame element 1 can be left out only if the heat-conducting mortar 20 has such heat-conducting capacity and tensile strength as the metal mesh 7.
  • Metal, carbon, plastic, glass filaments can be mixed into the heat-conducting mortar 20 according to demand.
  • the preferable length size of the thermo-frame element according to the invention is 3 m x 40 cm x 4 cm, its weight is 20-25 kg.
  • the material of the heat-exchanging crust is: mortar of micro-particles made with synthetic resin and other modifying chemicals, a mortar of relative high strength, which in given case can be reinforced by fibre or mesh. With the application of this material, we can achieve to form a bond of high strength between the heat-exchanging crust and the load-bearing and thermal insulating material through the bonding bridge.
  • the material of the load-bearing and thermal insulating material 2 is polystyrene, polystyrene with graphite, polyurethane, plastic foams, light concrete of cement setting supplemented with synthetic resin with additives like sand, ground brick, glass, nano bulb, or wood derivative.
  • the material of the back-crust 3 is glass-fibre or glass-mesh reinforced cement and/or mortar of plastic bonding, several foils applied as heat reflector.
  • the material of the heat-exchanging crust is micro-mortar with bonding material of cement, lime, gypsum, possibly synthetic resin, or different composites of these, for example lime with gypsum, cement with lime.
  • the filling material of the mortar can be chosen depending on the constructional function, is a micro-particle material Dmax: 0.5 mm. Its material is quartz or rock eg. limestone, marble etc. The outer appearance of the heat-radiating layer can be refined surface, can be cast stone, or rock.
  • the material of the mesh can be metal, glass or material of carbon fibre depending on the requirements of heat power engineering.
  • the material of the pipeline is plastic or copper.
  • the material of the assembly panel can be gypsum board, or other material, wood, plastic etc.
  • the material of the metal mesh steel, galvanized steel, copper, aluminium or other metal.
  • thermo-frame element the assembly zone can be opened subsequently any time along the thermo- frame elements without having to touch the main frame, so constructional and assembly jobs are easier.
  • thermo-frame element 1 - thermo-frame element

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Abstract

The subject of the invention is a thermo-frame element, and heat-radiating, radiant heat absorbing, air-heating and air-recooling bordering surfaces formed with this thermo- frame element. The formation has a surface radiating function, and beside this it has a self-supporting and load-bearing function as well, this way in case of the application of the thermo-frame element according to the invention there is no need to apply a main frame or auxiliary frame and also damage free subsequent fixing work can be provided with the help of thermo-frame element, and the fixing boards attached to the thermo- frame elements. Furthermore, in consequence of its material, the thermo-frame element is suitable for forming thermo-frame elements of optional shapes. The thermo-frame element, and heat-radiating, radiant heat absorbing, and air-heating and air-recooling bordering surfaces formed with this thermo-frame element contains a pipeline placed in grooves formed in thermal insulating material. In one side of the load- bearing and thermal insulating material (2) shaped according to demand flaring-in trapezoid grooves (6) suitable for housing a pipeline (5) are formed and a heat- exchanging crust (4) is formed in the grooves (6) with the use of heat-conducting mortar (20) comprising of a metal mesh (7) enclosing the pipeline (5), and the edges of the loadbearing and thermal insulating material (2) parallel with the pipeline (5) are formed in such a rim (10) formation way, that ensures, that plane, or shaped assembly panels (11) are fastened between the two thermo-frame elements (1) to the rims (10) of the thermo-frame element (1).

Description

Thermo-frame element, and heat-radiating, radiant heat absorbing, air-heating and air-recooling bordering surfaces formed with this thermo-frame element
The subject of the invention is a thermo-frame element, and heat-radiating, radiant heat absorbing, air-heating and air-recooling bordering surfaces formed with this thermo- frame element. The formation has a surface radiating function, and beside this it has a self-supporting and load-bearing function as well, this way in case of the application of the thermo-frame element according to the invention there is no need to apply a main frame or auxiliary frame and also damage free subsequent fixing work can be provided with the help of thermo-frame element, and the fixing boards attached to the thermo- frame elements. Furthermore, in consequence of its material, the thermo-frame element is suitable for forming thermo-frame elements of optional shapes.
In the interior of the living space the most common form of ensuring the suitable temperature is the use of various heat emission devices, ovens, central heating etc. to ensure the suitable temperature of the living space in the winter season, whereas in summer the cooling of the living space to the suitable temperature takes place with the use of air-conditioning systems. With the advance of technology the radiating surface heatings, surface radiating panels, suitable for heat transfer have come up, that is one unit is suitable both for cooling and heating according to demand in order to ensure the suitable temperature of the living space, depending on whether heat addition or heat extraction is needed in the given period of time. Till up these solutions could be created by two ways: either with on-site applied technology, e.g. with the help of a network of a pipeline sunk into the plaster, or with a pre-fabricated technology, when pre-fabricated surface-radiating panels were fixed in a certain structural system with the help of a certain carrying structure, with sandwiching a main frame and an auxiliary frame. This case the carrying structure is the load-bearing structure and the surface-radiating panel is fixed to it by a mechanical fastener. So for example on a ferro-concrete slab or onto its ribs - namely onto the frame structure - is fixed a suspended metal structure: the auxiliary frame, and the thermo-radiating panel is fixed onto this auxiliary frame.
In the state of the art, the subject of the HU 221 757 Hungarian patent description is a pre-fabricated building element, a slab element, wall element or the like, which is for example made of concrete and serves for the air-conditioning of spaces. During the fabrication pipelines of thin-wall, small diameter pipes conducting heating or cooling agents are integrated into the building element. The pipes are fixed into pipe-clamps, which have distance-keeping supports and extendable stubs toward the back on the bordering side of the room to promote fixing jobs necessary later.
The HU 210 628 Hungarian patent description makes known a pre-fabricated board- element for surface air-conditioning system, which has an insulating layer, which is arranged in raster, it has grooves to house the pipes of the carrying agent, whereas the upper part of the insulating layer is connected to the grooves with a heat-conducting layer. The essence of the invention is, that above the insulating layer and/or the heat- conducting layer there is a load-distributing layer connected to them, with a thickness of (D2) which is lower than the thickness (Di) of the insulating layer. The grooves are formed in such a way, that there is insulation between the pipe and the load-distributing layer.
Structural wall panels and methods and systems for controlling the interior temperature of a building are provided in the international patent application published on 08. January 2009 on the publication number WO 2009 006 343. The structural wall panels advantageously include a fluid conduit disposed within an interior concrete layer of the structural wall panel where the conduit is adapted to convey a thermal transfer fluid through the interior concrete layer. A thermal insulation layer is provided between the first concrete layer and a second concrete layer, which can be disposed on an exterior surface of the wall. The thermal transfer fluid can be heated and/or cooled to regulate the temperature of the interior concrete layer and thereby control the temperature of the interior of the building. The first concrete layer can have a high thermal mass to increase the efficiency of the system.
Platelike heating and/or cooling system for installation in floors, walls and ceilings is provided in the patent application published on 12. December 1979 on the publication number EP 000 5774. This system contains heating and/or cooling pipes running in loops and embedded in channels on the top side of the heat-insulating base plate, this base plate being covered with a heat-conductive layer with a plastic coating on its upper surface, characterized by the fact that the heat-conductive layer is corrosion-proof and vapour-permeable and that dehumidifying channels are arranged on the upper side of the base plate which runs from the channels to the edges of the adjacent building structures or characterized by the fact that a second heat-conductive layer is arranged above the plastic-coated heat-conductive layer, both heat-conductive layers being corrosion-proof and vapour-permeable, that the cover plates; of the heating and/or cooling system, which are made of mineral material, are moisture-proof and vapour-permeable and that the second heat-conductive layer is equipped with openings.
The US 406 9973 patent application published on 24. January 1978 makes known an apparatus for the storage of thermal energy and for the distribution of such thermal energy to the interior of a building. The preferred system utilizes prestressed, precast concrete decking panels with hollow cores through which a fluid conducting conduit extends to form a grid within the decking panels. Selected cores have spaced ports communicating with face surfaces of the panels to provide an air flow passage through the selected cores. Fluid from a primary heat storage is controllably circulated through the conduit so that the fluid and the panels provide a secondary storage as well as a heat radiator for continuous even heating while the air flow passages permit forced or gravity flow heating of air for rapidly compensating for an extreme or sudden heat loss.
The GB 142 9745 patent application published on 24. March 1976 makes known a unit used in the construction of the exterior wall of a building has a body portion and a boxlike portion formed on a suitable part of its interior wall surface defining a space of suitable size to house an air treating system. The box-like portion has openings and for the passage of indoor air, while the exterior wall has an opening communicating with the space to exhaust indoor air or take in outdoor air. A heating and cooling system of the heat pump type may be installed in the space. The unit may be constructed so that the body portion is above the bo -like portion. A window may be fitted above the unit.
The GB 130 2840 patent application published on 10. January 1973 makes known a building panel comprises a hollow body for forming a wall or roof of a room and whose principal surfaces are intended to face zones at different temperatures so that one wall of the body acts a heat sink and the other as a heat emitting source. The interior of the panel which is totally enclosed is filled with a heat-carrier vapour or fluid medium.
The GB 141 3675 patent application published on 12. November 1975 makes known building panels for the absorption and emission of thermal radiation. These building panels consist of two surface elements each providing a surface for the emission and/or absorption of thermal radiation which are insulated from each other, each surface element being thermally connected to heat storage means, at least one surface element being connected to said storage means by heat pipes containing a vaporizable- condensible heat carrying fluid. As shown the surface elements are in the form of building panels for the roof, wall or ceiling structure.
The DE 1035 5884 patent application published on 07. July 2005 makes known structural panels which are fitted through a supporting structure to a building ceiling or wall or floor incorporate heat exchanger pipes for passing through a heating or cooling medium. The pipes are connected through couplings each comprising two halves of which those connected to the supply and discharge pipes are fixed secure or displaceable on the support structure, and those which are connected to the heat exchanger pipes are fixed secure or displaceable on the structural panels. The supporting structure and structural panels have complementary centring elements for mutually correct positioning.
The US 476 6951 patent application published on 30. August 1988 makes known a linear panel unit for use on walls or ceilings capable of providing radiant heating and/or cooling. The panels have an external panel shell, which itself can be used as a passive panel, an extruded aluminum radiator panel resting in the shell with outward side in contact with the shell and an inward side in contact with a copper tube capable of containing fluids of varying temperature. Clips between bilateral troughs in the sidewall of the panel shell and the inward side of the radiator panel secure contact between radiator panel and the shell. The copper tubes of the active radiant panel units communicating with one another.
The EP patent application published on 29. July 1992, on the publication number EP 049 6714 makes known heating- and/or cooling baffle, shaped as panels of that stroke which includes, at least a pipeline for a heat-emiting or heat-absorbing flow medium. The pipeline is in heat conducting contact with, from this protruding, longitudinal flanges, whereby at least some of the panels are provided with transverse gill-shaped slits. A number of panels along the side-edges of the flanges are connected to each other, forming the walls in a baffle-barrel. The drawbacks of the above mentioned solutions used in practice are, that the heat- radiating panel is not self-supporting and load-bearing, so a main frame and an auxiliary frame is needed for their fixing. Due to their material and formation they are not suitable for forming geometrical surfaces other than plane surfaces, moreover none of the solutions is suitable for getting access to the part above the suspended ceiling without causing damage in case of any subsequent mounting or repair, as in case of such subsequent mounting the heat radiating panel and the network providing fluid supply should be dismantled.
When working out the solution according to the invention, we aimed to create such a surface radiating panel, that has a self-supporting and load-bearing function beside its surface radiating function, and its formation makes possible creating optional shapes in addition to plane shapes, furthermore it also ensures easy and quick exchange, supplement and repair of the engineering and other networks and other fittings after its first installation as well.
When creating the solution according to the invention, we realized, that in case the one side of a panel with heat-insulating and loadbearing character of the required shape is provided with a back-crust and grooves of trapezoid shape flaring inward suitable for housing a pipeline on the opposite side of the back-crust is formed, and after installing the pipeline, heat-conducting mortar is poured in it enclosing the pipeline, and a metal mesh is put into the heat-conducting mortar forming so a heat-exchanging crust, furthermore the rims of the heat-insulating and load-bearing panel parallel with the pipeline are formed in such a way, that ensures fixing of plane panels, or in given case panels of different shapes meeting with requirements into the rim between the panels formed on basis of the abovementioned facts, placed beside each other in the required distance, then the set aim can be achieved.
The invention is a thermo-frame element, and heat-radiating, radiant heat absorbing, and air-heating and air-recooling bordering surfaces formed with this thermo-frame element, which contains a pipeline placed in grooves formed in thermal insulating material, which is characterized by that, in one side of the load-bearing and thermal insulating material (2) shaped according to demand flaring-in trapezoid grooves (6) suitable for housing a pipeline (5) are formed and a heat-exchanging crust (4) is formed in the grooves (6) with the use of heat-conducting mortar (20) comprising of a metal mesh (7) enclosing the pipeline (5), and the edges of the loadbearing and thermal insulating material (2) parallel with the pipeline (5) are formed in such a rim (10) formation way, that ensures, that plane, or shaped assembly panels (11) are fastened between the two thermo-frame elements (1) to the rims (10) of the thermo-frame element (1).
In one preferred embodiement of the solution according to the invention a back-crust (3) is formed on the surface opposite to the heat-exchanging crust (4) of the load-bearing and thermal insulating material (2) of the thermo-frame element (1). In another preferred embodiement of the solution according to the invention the metal mesh (7) placed in the heat-exchanging crust (4) of the thermo-frame element (1) is parallel with the surface formed by the load-bearing and thermal insulating material (2).
In a further preferred embodiement of the solution according to the invention the metal mesh (7) placed in the heat-exchanging crust (4) of the thermo-frame element (1) is parallel with the surface formed by the load-bearing and thermal insulating material (2) in such a way, that the pipeline (5) placed in the trapezoid grooves (6) shaped in the load-bearing and thermal insulating material (2) is surrounded by the metal mesh (7) from the inner side of the trapezoid grooves (6).
In a further preferred embodiement of the solution according to the invention a back- crust (3) of great strength taking up the tensile force is formed on the opposite side of the direction of heat-radiation of the thermo-frame element (1), it is needed, because the moving, and building-in of the thermo-frame element (1) take place with the help of several statical supports, and then the change of moment results in the change of tensile forces on the upper part of the thermo-frame element (1), so without this back-crust (3) the thermo-frame element (1) would crack during delivery, or installing.
In a further preferred embodiement of the solution according to the invention the fixing of the thermo-frame element (1) can take place by direct screwing on to the structure of the bearing building, and taking into consideration the circumstances it is practical here to use thermal screwing.
In a further preferred embodiement of the solution according to the invention the fixing of the thermo-frame element (1) can take place by direct suspension, by concealed suspension, or by direct, distance ensuring suspension.
In a further preferred embodiement of the solution according to the invention the fixing of the thermo-frame element (1) can take place by direct sticking, practically the silicate surface can be stuck on to the side wall, to the ceiling, in given case additional local screwing is needed to reinforce sticking.
In a further preferred embodiement of the solution according to the invention the fixing of the thermo-frame element (1) can take place by fastening it onto an auxiliary frame, correcting at the same time the plane of the surface with the auxiliary frame.
In a further preferred embodiement of the solution according to the invention the material of the auxiliary frame can be wood, metal, plastic, or paper.
The solution according to the invention furthermore will be set forth by the enclosed drawings as follows:
The Fig 1 shows one of the possible preferable realizations of the thermo-frame element according to the invention in A-A section according to the Fig 2.
The Fig 2 shows another possible preferable realization of the thermo-frame element, in section. The Fig 3 shows a further possible preferable realization of the thermo-frame element according to the invention, in section.
The Fig 4 shows the realization of the thermo-frame element according to the invention shown in the Fig 1, in top view.
The Fig 5 shows the realization of a heat-radiating surface formed with the thermo- frame element according to the invention and two methods of its fixing.
The Fig 6 shows a possible realization of the rim formation of the thermo-frame element.
The Fig 7 shows another possible realization of the rim formation of the thermo-frame element.
The Fig 8 shows a further possible realization of the rim formation of the thermo-frame element.
The Fig 9 shows another possible realization of the rim formation of the thermo-frame element with a snap-on support placed inside.
The Fig 10 shows the formation of the thermo-frame element of arch shape.
The Fig 11 shows another possible realization of the thermo-frame element of arch shape.
The Fig 12 shows a radiating surface formed with the thermo-frame element of arch shape.
The Fig 13 shows the location of the feeding pipeline and outgoing pipeline of the heat- radiating surface formed with the thermo-frame elements.
The Fig 1 shows one of the possible preferable realizations of the thermo-frame element according to the invention in A-A section according to the Fig 2. In the figure the load- bearing and thermal insulating material 2 of the thermo-frame element 1 can be seen with the back-crust 3 on one surface. On the opposite side of the back-crust 3 of the load-bearing and thermal insulating material 2 are formed the flaring-in trapezoid grooves 6 with the pipeline 5. It can be seen well in the figure, that the pipeline 5 placed into the flaring-in trapezoid grooves 6 is totally enclosed by the heat-conducting mortar 20 ensuring the proper heat transfer. Together with the metal mesh 7 placed into the heat-conducting mortar 20 as well they form the heat-exchanging crust 4. The rims 10 formed along the edges of the thermo-frame element 1 parallel with the pipeline 5 can be seen in the figure as well.
The Fig 2 shows another possible preferable realization of the thermo-frame element, in section. In the figure a similar formation of thermo-frame element 1 shown in the Fig 1 can be seen with the difference, that this case the back-crust 3 was not formed. This solution, namely the omission of the back-crust 3 can be applied only in case the material of the load-bearing and thermal insulating material 2 can form an appropriate heat shield and appropriate to the tensile and compressive stresses, as otherwise this side can crack.
The Fig 3 shows a further possible preferable realization of the thermo-frame element according to the invention, in section. In the figure a similar formation of the thermo- frame element 1 shown in the Fig 1 can be seen with the difference, that this case the metal mesh 7 in the heat-exchanging crust 4 is situated in such a way that metal mesh 7 encloses the pipeline 5 from the inner side of the trapezoid groove.
The Fig 4 shows the realization of the thermo-frame element according to the invention shown in the Fig 1, in top view. The pipeline 5 placed in the thermo-frame element 1 and the rims 10 can be seen in the figure.
The Fig 5 shows the realization of a heat-radiating surface formed with the thermo- frame element according to the invention and two methods of its fixing. The formation of the heat-radiating surface with the help of the thermo-frame elements 1 can be seen in the figure. It takes place in such a way, that the assembly panels 11 are fastened in a common way to the rim 10 of the thermo-frame elements 1 placed in the required distance with the help of screws 9 for example. The fixing and suspension of the heat- radiating surface formed from the thermo-frame elements 1 can take place directly to the slab 8 in such a way, that the thermo-frame element 1 itself is fastened to the slab 8 near its rims 10 through the screw 9 and suspension device 15. The fixing and suspension of the heat-radiating surface formed from the thermo-frame elements 1 to the slab 8 can take place in such a way, that a suspension distributing frame 14 is fastened to the slab 8 through a suspension device 15 and the thermo-frame element 1 is fastened to it with the help of screws 9. The assembly space 12 situated between the slab 8 and the thermo- frame element 1, as well as the space between the two thermo-frame elements 1, and the assembly zone 13 can be seen in the figure. The assembly zone 13 ensures easy access to the assembly zone 13 and the assembly space 12 by unscrewing the assembly panel 11. The mechanical engineering devices are placed in the assembly space 12.
The Fig 6 shows a possible realization of the rim formation of the thermo-frame element. It can be seen in the figure, that this case the assembly panel 11 is a plane plate fastened to the rims 10 of the thermo-frame elements 1 with screws. This case the rims 10 of the thermo-frame elements 1 are formed in such a way that during mounting the assembly panels 11, the lower plane of the thermo-frame element 1 is identical with the lower plane of the assembly panel 11.
The Fig 7 shows another possible realization of the rim formation of the thermo-frame element. It can be seen in the figure, that the assembly panel 11 is a plane plate fastened to the rims 10 of the thermo-frame elements 1 with screwing. This case the rims 10 of the thermo-frame elements 1 are formed in such a way that during the mounting of the assembly panel 11 the lower plane of the assembly panel 11 is higher than the lower plane of the thermo-frame element 1.
The Fig 8 shows a further possible realization of the rim formation of the thermo-frame element. It can be seen in the figure, that this case the assembly panel 11 is an arch shape plate fastened to the rims 10 of the thermo-frame elements 1 with screwing. This case the rims 10 of the thermo-frame elements 1 are formed in such a way, that they follow the arch-like form of the assembly panel 11. The Fig 9 shows another possible realization of the rim formation of the thermo-frame element with a snap-on support placed inside. It can be seen in the figure, that instead of using an assembly panel 11, this case a snap-on support 16 is fixed onto the rims 10 of the thermo-frame element 1. This case the rims 10 were formed in such a way, that they hold the snap-on support 16. This case no other fastening is needed, as the rims hold the snap-on support 16 and the lamp element 17 fixed to it.
The Fig 10 shows the formation of the thermo-frame element of arch shape. It can be seen in the figure, that in case of such a formation of the thermo-frame element 1 of arch shape, the heat-exchanging crust 4 is placed on a surface of lesser arch surface, so it radiates inward.
The Fig 11 shows another possible realization of the thermo-frame element of arch shape. It can be seen in the figure, that in case of such a formation of the thermo-frame element 1 of arch shape, the heat-exchanging crust 4 is placed on the external surface of a bigger arch surface, so it radiates outwards.
The Fig 12 shows a radiating surface formed with the thermo-frame element of arch shape. The application of this solution is practical in case of spaces of great headroom, when greater radiation must be ensured due to the headroom size. The thermo-frame elements 1 of arch shape and the assembly panels 11 between them can be seen in the figure.
The Fig 13 shows the location of the feeding pipeline and outgoing pipeline of the heat- radiating surface formed with the thermo-frame elements. It can be seen in the figure, that the feeding pipeline 18 providing the feeding of the pipeline 5 placed into the thermo-frame elements 1 and the outgoing pipeline 19 are placed in the assembly space
12 situated between the two thermo-frame elements 1, directly above the assembly zone
13 and the assembly panel 11.
The making of the thermo-frame element 1 in case of the preferable realization of the solution according to the invention takes place during the following steps:
The first step is the cutting and forming of the foam material of the load-bearing and thermal insulating material 2 to the proper shape and size. The trapezoid grooves 6, or other customized surfaces are formed in the solid sheet (3 m x 40 cm x 4 cm) of required thickness with the known technology. It can take place with a joinery industry milling head technology, joinery-like milling or a hot-wire cutting system, or hot pressing, or form-foaming.
Following this the pouring of the back-crust takes place in several phases. First the bonding bridge (mortar) is applied with brush, roller or spreading. In case a reinforcing mesh is applied as well, then the next step is the fixing of it, then the covering layer, namely the covering mortar is applied on basis of the principle„fresh on fresh", that is the bonding material must not dry. Afterwards the plate is turned round and depending on the pipe type, the pipe unit formed to accurate size keeping its form, is placed into the trapezoid grooves. In case a plastic pipe is used, then previously it must be fixed on a net ensuring the shape, so it is placed together with the net. The condition of placing any kind of pipeline is the positioning fixing in the head of the flaring-in trapezoid grooves, which guarantees, that the mortar providing the material of the heat- exchanging crust can everywhere enclose the pipes. After placing the pipe, the bonding bridge is applied. The heat-exchanging crust is applied with keeping of the principle of „fresh on fresh" as well. In case a reinforcing mesh is applied as well, then it must be done between the application of the bonding bridge and the micro-mortar. A net of great mesh should be applied so that the micro-mortar can penetrate through the meshes to the flaring-in trapezoid grooves as well.
In one case of a preferable specific application of the solution according to the invention, the thermo-frame element is fixed directly on to the slab element, e.g. on a monolithe ferro-concrete plate, or on a ribbed ferro -concrete element, or steel structure in the traditional way.
In case of another preferable specific application of the solution according to the invention, the thermo-frame element is fixed on to a slab of optional material and shape by suspension, that is an assembly space of optional size can be shaped between the slab and the back-crust of the thermo-frame element, where the mechanical engineering parts can be housed. This case the assembly space can be accessed through the assembly zone by the unscrewing of the assembly panel.
The thermo-frame element 1 according to the invention can be fastened to the side walls as well, and the space can be cooled or heated through this.
The thermo-frame element according to the invention must have proper statical loadbearing capacity, and must meet the criteria of the frame, which also means a statical loadbearing capacity (self-supporting, load-bearing) as well. The thermo-frame element ensures a functional formation as well beside the statical conditions, that is, it ensures the connection of the thermo-frame element to the covering elements of the ceiling, or sidewall, which can be a plane, or any other, arch-like solution as well. In case of a thermo-frame element of plane surface, the rim of the thermo-frame element is shaped in such a way, that it can be fixed to a plane surface by a gypsum wallboard, OSB plate or any other covering board, in given case it can be screwed into a gypsum wallboard, so it is not necessary to fasten it to a separate frame. The size of the assembly zone must be chosen so, that it is possible to access the assembly zone manually and different parts can be reached there, without having to dismantle the heat-radiating surface itself.
By the application of the thermo-frame element according to the invention it is possible to ensure the proper heat transfer, that is, it makes possible transferring heat into the inner space, or carrying away heat from the inner space, so the direction of the thermal flow can be optionally chosen. As the heat is transferred in a linear way with the help of a pipeline, so it must be made sure, that the amount of heat can flow from the pipeline towards the required radiation direction. To ensure this the pipeline must be bedded in a material of good heat-conducting character, as it is very important, that the surface thermal irregularity of the heat-exchanging crust of the of the thermo-frame element is as low as possible. However it must be also ensured, that the heat can not leave toward the opposite side of the direction of the heat radiation. It can be solved in such a way, that a proper thermal- insulating material is placed on the opposite side of the direction of the radiation, that is, the thermal insulating material is integrated as a structural element, having also structural supporting function as well. The supporting structural part itself is a one- grade, rigid heat-insulating foam.
The connection between the heat-exchanging crust and the load-bearing and heat- insulating material can be ensured by a surface adhesion of the two materials, surface bonding by sticking the two surfaces together, and a shape-closing ensured by the trapezoid grooves. The trapezoid grooves should be preferably shaped in such a way, that the trapezoid grooves are formed in cross way as well, creating a cassette-like system, into which no pipes are placed, but the cooperation of the two materials and the static hold of the thermo-frame element can be further improved.
With the help of the thermo-frame element 1 the given space can be cooled or heated in such a way, that in one hand it radiates the heat outwards, or in case the radiation coming from the given space (reflection of the sun radiation) results in a bigger heat, then the radiating heat is absorbed. Besides it heats or cools back the air interfacing the surface of the thermo-frame element 1.
When deciding which material to choose as the load-bearing and heat-insulating material, it must be taken into consideration that during the heat transfer not only heat insulation must be ensured, but the inhibition of the radiation heat as well. Polystyrene is suitable for this purpose, but even more preferable is the application of graphitic polystyrene, as this material has a 25% more heat-insulating capacity, as due to its graphite content this material absorbs radiation and blocks outgoing radiation.
A back-crust of great stability taking up tensile force is placed on the side opposite to the direction of heat radiation of the thermo-frame element according to the invention. It is needed, because during moving, building-in the thermo-frame element, it takes place with the help of more statical supports, and the change of moment results in the change of tensile forces on the upper part of the thermo-frame element, so without this back- crust the thermo-frame element would crack during delivery, or assembly. The formation of the back-crust ensures taking up of statical tensile-compressive force besides it ensures sealing of the suface of the load-bearing and thermal insulating material, moreover it ensures fixing technically as well, eg. fastening by screws, so the capacity of holding of the screw is considerably increased.
The fixing of the thermo-frame element can take place by direct screwing on the structure of the bearing building, and taking into consideration the circumstances it is practical here to use thermal screwing. The fixing of the thermo-frame element can take place by direct suspension, by concealed suspension, or by direct, distance-ensuring suspension. The fixing of the thermo-frame element can take place by direct sticking. The silicate surface can be stuck on to the side wall. Sticking itself is not sufficient in case of ceilings because of the thermal agitations, this case additional local screwing is needed. Besides the fixing of the thermo-frame element can take place by fastening onto an auxiliary frame, correcting at the same time the plane of the surface with the auxiliary frame. The material of the auxiliary frame can be wood, metal, plastic, or paper.
When fastening takes place with screwing, then the strength of the thermal-insulating foam, constituent the load-bearing and thermal insulating material is low, however both the back-crust and the heat-exchanging crust must be capable of holding the screw even by creating a thread. During the application of the thermo-frame element the back-crust and the heat-exchanging crust allow fastening with screws from both sides, because the thicker screws stay in the cement crust.
Each rims of the thermo-frame element are formed in such a way, that a surface closing covering is fastened by screws relating to the plane of the thermo-frame element, on any optional surface. The covering can be regarded as an architectural element. From the production side it can be ensured, that several forms of rims are made according to demand, for example if a lamp element should be placed into a die bed, or a given element is placed into it, which can be of different shape and into which the die bed and the lamp placed in it can be put. The joint groove can be regarded as an architectural design system as well. In case of applications, when it is often needed to access the assembly opening, for example in case of suspended ceilings, it is preferable to use a snap-on fastening, where the assembly panel can be snapped on with the help of a metal or plastic structural element.
It is possible to fasten by screwing or sticking gypsum boards, acoustical boards, a ceiling pattern on to the thermo-frame element, as their heat-damping effect is minimal, therefore can be varied optionally. It is possible to put objects of considerable weight on some points of the thermo-frame element, a lamp-element of bigger size can be directly fixed onto it.
Beyond the plane surface, this thermo-frame element can be formed as a surface of different curvings, or as a shell body, too. It is possible to form positive or negative curvings from it as well. It can be arch-like lengthwise or crosswise, for example in case of a stave surface. The thermo-frame element allows to follow the shape of existing structures, as polystyrene can be cut to optional forms, so it is possible to follow the shape of any existing structure.
The system can not only be built-in on land and interiors, but also in places of adverse weather conditions, or in the ground, as both crusts can be composed of materials meeting the demands of application, eg. it can be synthetic resin bonded by cement, in every field of building construction. A wet cooling surface can be produced with it, on which water flows. Depending on the bonding material (cement, synthetic resin) of the mortar the system is insensitive to condensation of cooling processes, it works even under conditions of high condensation. The heat-exchanging crust of the thermo-frame element is suitable for fastening cold covering on it, resulting from the material it is made of. The thermo-frame element 1 as a system element is suitable to be heated above the usual 40°C, namely beyond the low temperature radiation, as an embossed surface radiator adequate to the formation of the surface, and work eg. at a higher surface temperature, at 70°C-90°C. Corresponding with the shape of the surface with an embossed radiating shape with 70°C forward heat, it is ensured by polystyrene. In case of applying polyurethane this temperature can be as high as 90°C. The thermo-frame element 1 must be embossed this case, because in case of hanging it into a space of greater headroom and positioned not too densely it can be ensured, that it radiates to every direction.
With the help of the thermo-frame element 1 it is possible to form any geometrical shape, as the load-bearing and thermal insulating material 2 can be formed to optional shape and the trapezoid grooves 6 can be formed accordingly in it and the pipeline 5 can be placed in it as well, so the shape can be: plane, stave (curved lengthwise) arch-like (curved crosswise), spherical item, cylinder jacket, cone jacket, fractional surce, (V- shape, or zigzag shape).
The shape of the surface can be rod, rectangle, square, circle (top view base) or any plane figure: polygonal, amorphous, depending on how the polystyrene is cut. It depends on your choice how to insert the pipes. The outgoing of the pipes from the thermo-frame towards the feeding direction takes always place toward the back surface of the frame. In case of plane surface linear joint is possible.
In case of application of the thermo-frame element according to the invention the assembly zone can be opened any time subsequently along the thermo-frame elements without touching the main frame, so the constructional and assembly jobs are easier. The thermo-frame element must meet with requirments, which are not required of surface-radiating panels. The metal mesh 7 placed in the heat-exchanging crust of the thermo-frame element 1 can be left out only if the heat-conducting mortar 20 has such heat-conducting capacity and tensile strength as the metal mesh 7. Metal, carbon, plastic, glass filaments can be mixed into the heat-conducting mortar 20 according to demand. The preferable length size of the thermo-frame element according to the invention is 3 m x 40 cm x 4 cm, its weight is 20-25 kg.
The material of the heat-exchanging crust is: mortar of micro-particles made with synthetic resin and other modifying chemicals, a mortar of relative high strength, which in given case can be reinforced by fibre or mesh. With the application of this material, we can achieve to form a bond of high strength between the heat-exchanging crust and the load-bearing and thermal insulating material through the bonding bridge.
The material of the load-bearing and thermal insulating material 2 is polystyrene, polystyrene with graphite, polyurethane, plastic foams, light concrete of cement setting supplemented with synthetic resin with additives like sand, ground brick, glass, nano bulb, or wood derivative. The material of the back-crust 3 is glass-fibre or glass-mesh reinforced cement and/or mortar of plastic bonding, several foils applied as heat reflector. The material of the heat-exchanging crust is micro-mortar with bonding material of cement, lime, gypsum, possibly synthetic resin, or different composites of these, for example lime with gypsum, cement with lime. The filling material of the mortar can be chosen depending on the constructional function, is a micro-particle material Dmax: 0.5 mm. Its material is quartz or rock eg. limestone, marble etc. The outer appearance of the heat-radiating layer can be refined surface, can be cast stone, or rock. The material of the mesh can be metal, glass or material of carbon fibre depending on the requirements of heat power engineering. The material of the pipeline is plastic or copper. The material of the assembly panel can be gypsum board, or other material, wood, plastic etc. The material of the metal mesh: steel, galvanized steel, copper, aluminium or other metal.
The advantage of the solution according to the invention is, that a considerable part of the load-bearing frame is a surface-radiating element, on any point of which other elements can be fixed, for example in case of ceilings, a chandelier, in case of a vertical wall, picture, frames etc. In case of applying the thermo-frame element according to the invention the assembly zone can be opened subsequently any time along the thermo- frame elements without having to touch the main frame, so constructional and assembly jobs are easier.
List of references:
1 - thermo-frame element
2 - load-bearing and thermal insulating material
3 - back-crust
4 - heat-exchanging crust
5 - pipeline
6 - flaring-in trapezoid groove
7 - metal mesh
8 - slab
9 - screw
10 - rim
11 - assembly panel
12 - assembly space
13 - assembly zone
14 - suspension distributing frame
15 - suspension device
16 - snap-on support
17 - lamp element
18 - feeding pipeline
19 - outgoing pipeline
20 - heat-conducting mortar

Claims

CLAIMS:
1. Thermo-frame element, and heat-radiating, radiant heat absorbing, and air-heating and air-recooling bordering surfaces formed with this thermo-frame element, which contains a pipeline placed in grooves formed in thermal insulating material, characterized by that, in one side of the load-bearing and thermal insulating material (2) shaped according to demand flaring-in trapezoid grooves (6) suitable for housing a pipeline (5) are formed and a heat-exchanging crust (4) is formed in the grooves (6) with the use of heat- conducting mortar (20) comprising of a metal mesh (7) enclosing the pipeline (5), and the edges of the loadbearing and thermal insulating material (2) parallel with the pipeline (5) are formed in such a rim (10) formation way, that ensures, that plane, or shaped assembly panels (11) are fastened between the two thermo-frame elements (1) to the rims (10) of the thermo-frame element (1).
2. Thermo-frame element according to claim 1 characterized by that, a back-crust (3) is formed on the surface opposite to the heat-exchanging crust (4) of the load-bearing and thermal insulating material (2) of the thermo-frame element (1).
3. Thermo-frame element according to claims 1 or 2, characterized by that, the metal mesh (7) placed in the heat-exchanging crust (4) of the thermo-frame element (1) is parallel with the surface formed by the load-bearing and thermal insulating material (2).
4. Thermo-frame element according to any of the claims 1-3, characterized by that, the metal mesh (7) placed in the heat-exchanging crust (4) of the thermo-frame element (1) is parallel with the surface formed by the load-bearing and thermal insulating material (2) in such a way, that the pipeline (5) placed in the trapezoid grooves (6) shaped in the load-bearing and thermal insulating material (2) is surrounded by the metal mesh (7) from the inner side of the trapezoid grooves (6).
5. Thermo-frame element according to any of the claims 1-4, characterized by that, a back-crust (3) of great strength taking up the tensile force is formed on the opposite side of the direction of heat-radiation of the thermo-frame element (1), it is needed, because the moving, and building-in of the thermo-frame element (1) take place with the help of several statical supports, and then the change of moment results in the change of tensile forces on the upper part of the thermo-frame element (1), so without this back-crust (3) the thermo-frame element (1) would crack during delivery, or installing.
6. Thermo-frame element according to any of the claims 1-5, characterized by that, the fixing of the thermo-frame element (1) can take place by direct screwing on to the structure of the bearing building, and taking into consideration the circumstances it is practical here to use thermal screwing.
7. Thermo-frame element according to any of the claims 1-6, characterized by that, the fixing of the thermo-frame element (1) can take place by direct suspension, by concealed suspension, or by direct, distance ensuring suspension.
8. Thermo-frame element according to any of the claims 1-7, characterized by that, the fixing of the thermo-frame element (1) can take place by direct sticking, practically the silicate surface can be stuck on to the side wall, to the ceiling, in given case additional local screwing is needed to reinforce sticking.
9. Thermo-frame element according to any of the claims 1-8, characterized by that, the fixing of the thermo-frame element (1) can take place by fastening it onto an auxiliary frame, correcting at the same time the plane of the surface with the auxiliary frame.
10. Thermo-frame element according to any of the claims 1-9, characterized by that, the material of the auxiliary frame can be wood, metal, plastic, or paper.
PCT/HU2009/000083 2009-09-15 2009-09-30 Thermo-frame element, and heat-radiating, radiant heat absorbing, air-heating and air-recooling bordering surfaces formed with this thermo-frame element WO2011033324A1 (en)

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HU0900577A HUP0900577A2 (en) 2009-09-15 2009-09-15 Heatframe element, and bordering surfaces of heat-discharger therewith, radiation heat absorber, and air heater as well as recooler
HUP0900577 2009-09-15

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WO2012034207A1 (en) * 2010-09-17 2012-03-22 Urbanetics Inc. Composite building module with a thermal mass radiator
ITMI20130888A1 (en) * 2013-05-31 2014-12-01 Studio Dbm Srl SYSTEM FOR THERMAL CONDITIONING AN ENVIRONMENT INSIDE A BUILDING
JP2015503077A (en) * 2011-12-07 2015-01-29 ユ ワー リー Temperature control module
EP2960585A1 (en) * 2013-03-22 2015-12-30 Armin Bühler Wall or ceiling cladding
WO2017042431A1 (en) * 2015-09-09 2017-03-16 Wenda Oy A heating module and method of manufacturing thereof
US20200115897A1 (en) * 2017-06-28 2020-04-16 Kvadrat Soft Cells A/S Thermally activated building panel
EP4328498A1 (en) * 2022-08-19 2024-02-28 Lindner Se Ceiling element for building with heating/cooling element and integrated frame part

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JPS59225229A (en) * 1983-06-06 1984-12-18 Showa Alum Corp How to manufacture floor heating panels
DE3722017A1 (en) * 1987-02-13 1988-08-25 Hans Josef May Structural element for radiant panel heating or cooling systems (concealed heating or cooling systems)
RU28224U1 (en) * 2002-05-28 2003-03-10 Главатских Олег Иванович ROOM HEATING PANEL
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Cited By (12)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012034207A1 (en) * 2010-09-17 2012-03-22 Urbanetics Inc. Composite building module with a thermal mass radiator
JP2015503077A (en) * 2011-12-07 2015-01-29 ユ ワー リー Temperature control module
EP2960585A1 (en) * 2013-03-22 2015-12-30 Armin Bühler Wall or ceiling cladding
ITMI20130888A1 (en) * 2013-05-31 2014-12-01 Studio Dbm Srl SYSTEM FOR THERMAL CONDITIONING AN ENVIRONMENT INSIDE A BUILDING
WO2014192033A1 (en) * 2013-05-31 2014-12-04 Studio Dbm Srl System for thermally conditioning a room inside a building
WO2017042431A1 (en) * 2015-09-09 2017-03-16 Wenda Oy A heating module and method of manufacturing thereof
CN108027147A (en) * 2015-09-09 2018-05-11 文达有限公司 Heating module and the method for manufacturing the heating module
US10378778B2 (en) 2015-09-09 2019-08-13 Wenda Oy Heating module and method of manufacturing thereof
RU2713779C2 (en) * 2015-09-09 2020-02-07 Венда Ой Heating module and method for production thereof
US20200115897A1 (en) * 2017-06-28 2020-04-16 Kvadrat Soft Cells A/S Thermally activated building panel
US11649630B2 (en) * 2017-06-28 2023-05-16 Kvadrat Soft Cells A/S Thermally activated building panel
EP4328498A1 (en) * 2022-08-19 2024-02-28 Lindner Se Ceiling element for building with heating/cooling element and integrated frame part

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