WO2011007868A1 - Fruit and vegetable cultivation method using illumination by green light, and green light illumination system - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a method for cultivating fruits and vegetables, said method being capable of promoting growth of fruits and vegetables, increasing for example the number of fruits or vegetables produced or the sugar/acid ratio thereof, without using chemical treatments such as auxin or chemical fertilizers. Also provided is a green light illumination system. Formation and enlargement of fruits and vegetables are promoted by using green light to illuminate said fruits and vegetables when dark.

Description

Green vegetable irradiation method and green light irradiation system using green light irradiation

The present invention relates to a method for cultivating fruit vegetables that irradiates fruit vegetables with green light and a green light irradiation system.

In recent years, it has become possible to cultivate various crops year-round by using agricultural facilities such as houses. On the other hand, outdoor cultivation of plants is also carried out every season.

In many fruits and vegetables, fruit enlargement is influenced by the number of fruit cells that are generally determined at the time of flowering and subsequent cell enlargement, so by increasing the number of fruit cells at the time of flowering and further smoothing the subsequent cell enlargement Large fruit is obtained. *

For example, in strawberry, it is known that fruit grows under the influence of fruit (so-called strawberry fruit surface seed), and the fruit weight increases as the number of fruit increases (see Non-Patent Document 1). . *

That is, the size of the strawberry fruit is determined by the number of fruit pieces on the fruit fruit and the fruit enlargement rate due to the influence of individual fruit. Of course, in order to achieve fruit enlargement, it is necessary to have nutrients commensurate with it. *

The main substances involved in fruit enlargement are sugars that are biosynthesized by photosynthesis. As a method for promoting fruit enlargement, the photosynthesis of the leaves, which are the source organs of sugars, is promoted in a cultivated environment with a large amount of solar radiation. It is desirable to promote the translocation of sugars to the fruit, which is the sink organ.

Various efforts have been made for fruit enlargement. For fruit enlargement, various nutrients absorbed from the root, such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, and minerals such as Ca, Mg, Fe, S, B, Mn, Cu, Zn, Mo, and Cl , Si, Na, etc. are also necessary. These chemical fertilizers are applied in the form of original fertilizer or top fertilization, or liquid fertilizer is diluted and given by soil irrigation or foliar application.

In strawberry, it is known that the number of fruits increases as the treatment temperature decreases during flower bud differentiation, and the fruit weight increases accordingly (see Non-Patent Document 2).

In addition, growth regulators such as 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (4-CPA) solution and cloxyphonac solution are used in tomatoes and eggplants to promote fruit enlargement and fruit set of fruit vegetables (non-patent literature). 3).
By the way, as a method for cultivating plants, there is known a method in which a light source that emits a monochromatic wavelength such as a green LED is provided in a room, an ornamental plant is arranged in a range where green light hits, and green light is irradiated at night time. (See Patent Document 1).
Separately from this, a method of irradiating wheat with white light and green light in wheat cultivation is known, and it has been reported that the growth promotion effect of wheat can be obtained by this method (see Non-Patent Document 4). ).

JP-A-6-276858

However, the thing of the conventional patent document 1 uses each green light which is not so much used for photosynthesis of a plant like red light and blue light as a nighttime safety light which illuminates the inside of a building, Each ornament in a building The plant used to prevent photosynthesis during the night, so that the nutrients obtained during daytime photosynthesis were transferred to each part of the plant so that the growth of ornamental plants was not adversely affected. Is. In other words, it cannot be expected to promote fruit set and fruit enlargement.
The non-patent document 4 is a combination of green light and white light that increases the number of main shoots of wheat and promotes the growth of the heading time. Not a thing.

In the method using chemical fertilizer, when the chemical fertilizer component exceeds a predetermined concentration, the chemical fertilizer does not contribute to the fruit growth of the plant, but rather causes excessive damage.

In the method using a growth regulator such as 4-CPA, if the number of sprays and the spray concentration of the drug are not appropriate, or if sprayed to parts other than the inflorescence, severe chemical damage may occur. There is a limit. At the same time, chemicals sprayed on and near the cultivation site may flow out and cause environmental pollution.

In general, in the cultivation of fruit vegetables, it is desired to increase the yield per unit area by promoting the growth of the stock, promoting fruit fruiting and hypertrophy.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and promotes the growth of fruit and vegetables such as fruit set, fruit enlargement, and increase in the number of results without processing chemicals such as auxin and chemical fertilizer. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for cultivating fruit vegetables and a green light irradiation system.

In order to achieve this object, the method for cultivating fruit vegetables according to the present invention is characterized in that the fruit vegetables are irradiated with green light in the dark to promote fruiting and fruit enlargement of the fruit vegetables. Furthermore, in the method for cultivating fruit vegetables, the irradiation can be performed periodically during the growing period from flower bud formation to pollination of the fruit vegetables.
Furthermore, the irradiation can be performed periodically during the growing period and during the growing period of the fruits and vegetables from the pollination until the fruit sets.

In the method for cultivating fruits and vegetables, the irradiation intensity of the green light is at least 5 μmol / m ² / s, preferably 60 to 80 μmol / m ² / s, and the irradiation time is about 2 hours, the irradiation frequency Can be set to once every three days.
In order to achieve the above object, a green light irradiation system of the present invention includes a light emitting unit that emits green light and a control unit that controls light emission of the light emitter, and the control unit causes the light emitting unit to emit light. The green vegetables are irradiated with the green light in the dark.
Here, the green light irradiation system is provided with moving means provided so as to be movable along the row of planted fruits and vegetables, the light emitting means is provided in the moving means, and a predetermined position for irradiating the fruits and vegetables It is also possible to perform the irradiation by moving the moving means.
Further, the cultivation bed is provided in a facility for cultivating the fruit vegetables, a traveling rail extending along the row of the fruit vegetables is provided in a dead space in the facility above the cultivation bed, and the moving means is provided. It can also be moved on the traveling rail.

According to the method for cultivating fruit vegetables according to the present invention, it is possible to promote the growth of fruit vegetables such as fruiting, fruit enlargement, and increase in the number of results without treatment with chemicals such as auxin and chemical fertilizer. .

Furthermore, by performing the irradiation periodically during the growth period from flower bud formation to pollination of the fruit vegetables, the growth of the results (fruits) and fruit enlargement of the fruit vegetables can be more reliably promoted. it can.
Moreover, if the said irradiation is performed also during the growth period and the period when the fruit of the said fruit vegetables is grown from pollination to fruiting, the growth of the said fruit vegetables can be promoted further.

In addition, if the irradiation intensity of the green light is at least 5 μmol / m ² / s or more, the predetermined irradiation time is about 2 hours, and the irradiation frequency is at least once every 3 days, at least the growth of the fruits and vegetables is promoted. An effect is obtained.

Furthermore, when the irradiation intensity of the green light is 60 to 80 μmol / m ² / s, a greater effect of promoting the growth of the fruits and vegetables can be obtained.
According to the green light irradiation system of this invention, the green light irradiation system which can implement the cultivation method of the said fruit vegetables can be provided.
In this green light irradiation system, a moving means is movably provided along the row of the planted fruits and vegetables, and the light emitting means is provided on the moving means, so that the irradiation possible position of the fruits and vegetables to be irradiated (predetermined) The light emitting means can be easily moved to (position). For this reason, the labor of green light irradiation is reduced.
In addition, since the moving means moves along the row of fruit vegetables, the irradiation position of the moving means for the fruit vegetables is determined to some extent, and it becomes easy to align the irradiation conditions for each irradiation.
Further, the cultivation bed is provided in a facility for cultivating the fruit vegetables, a traveling rail extending along the row of the fruit vegetables is provided in a dead space in the facility above the cultivation bed, and the moving means is provided. The dead space in the facility can be reduced even if the light-emission means cannot be provided in the periphery of the ceiling by moving the traveling rail on the ceiling in the facility. By utilizing this, a green light irradiation system can be provided in the facility.

It is a block diagram which shows the outline | summary of the green light irradiation system of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the vinyl greenhouse in which the irradiation apparatus which has a green fluorescent lamp was installed, and has shown the state which is irradiating green light to strawberry (fruit vegetables). It is a front view of the green light irradiation system provided in the cultivation bed and cultivation bed of a strawberry. It is the figure which expanded the attachment site | part of the wheel. It is a side view of Drawing 3A, and shows the green light irradiation system provided in the cultivation bed and cultivation bed of a strawberry. It is a conceptual diagram which shows an example of the method of irradiation to a strawberry. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the growth (area of the 3rd leaf) and the fruit weight (1st fruit) of the strawberry in the test groups 1 and 2 and the control group 1. In addition, the description of “first to third flower bunches” in the graph represents the time of flower bud formation. It is the table | surface which showed the growth (stalk length, leaf area, fruit weight, sugar acid ratio) of the strawberry in the test groups 1 and 2 and the control group 1. FIG. It is the table | surface which showed the result of having compared the growth (fruit weight, the number of fruits, and leaf area) of the strawberry in the test group 1 and the control group 1 by the Tukey multiple comparison method, respectively. It is the photograph which compared the leaf of the test group 1 and the control group 1. FIG. It is the photograph which compared the fruit of the test group 1 and the control group 1. FIG. The green light irradiation system 20 of Example 2 is shown. The other example of Example 2 is shown. Another example of the second embodiment will be described. Another example of the second embodiment will be described. 6 is a graph showing the growth (fruit rate) of tomatoes (fruit vegetables) in each flower (first to seventh flowers) of the first inflorescence in test group 3 and control group 2. It is the table | surface which showed the growth (total fruit volume, the number of fruits, average fruit volume) of the tomato of the test group 3 and the control group 2 in each growth investigation day. 5 is a frequency distribution graph showing the distribution of the fruit diameter of each of the first to third flowers in the first inflorescence of tomatoes in test group 3 and control group 2. 5 is a frequency distribution graph showing the distribution of the fruit diameter of each of the first to third flowers in the first inflorescence of tomatoes in test group 3 and control group 2. 5 is a frequency distribution graph showing the distribution of the fruit diameter of each of the first to third flowers in the first inflorescence of tomatoes in test group 3 and control group 2. 5 is a frequency distribution graph showing the distribution of the fruit diameter of each of the 4th to 6th flowers in the first inflorescence of tomatoes in test group 3 and control group 2. 5 is a frequency distribution graph showing the distribution of the fruit diameter of each of the 4th to 6th flowers in the first inflorescence of tomatoes in test group 3 and control group 2. 5 is a frequency distribution graph showing the distribution of the fruit diameter of each of the 4th to 6th flowers in the first inflorescence of tomatoes in test group 3 and control group 2. It is a table | surface which shows the result of having compared the growth (leaf length, leaf width) of the tomato in the test group 3 and the control group 2 by the Tukey multiple comparison method, respectively. It is a table | surface which shows the result of having compared the growth (the fresh weight of a leaf, the number of leaves) in the test group 3 and the control group 2 by the Tukey multiple comparison method, respectively. It is the table | surface which showed the result of the nutrient absorption (nitrate nitrogen) by the light irradiation to the strawberry in the test group 4 and the target groups 3-7. 7 is a table showing the results of nutrient absorption (phosphoric acid) by light irradiation on strawberries in test group 4 and target groups 3-7. 10 is a table showing the results of nutrient absorption (potassium) by light irradiation of each color on strawberries in test group 4 and target groups 3-7. 10 is a table showing the results of a root activity investigation by irradiating a strawberry with light of each color in test group 4 and target groups 3-7. 7 is a table showing the growth results (leaf area) of each color on a strawberry in test group 4 and target groups 3-7. 10 is a table showing the growth results (leaf width) of each strawberry irradiated with light in test group 4 and target groups 3-7. It is a table | surface which shows the growth result (lightening rate) by the light irradiation of each color to the strawberry in the test group 4 and the target groups 3-7. It is a table | surface which shows the growth result (strain diameter mm) of the strawberry "Sachinoka" in the test group 5 and the control group 8. FIG. It is a table | surface which shows the growth result (crown diameter mm) of the strawberry "Sachinoka" in the test group 5 and the control group 8. FIG. It is a table | surface which shows the growth result (stock weight g) of the strawberry "Sachinoka" in the test group 6 and the control group 9. FIG. It is a table | surface which shows the growth result (underground part weight g) of the strawberry "Sachinoka" in the test group 6 and the control group 9. FIG. It is a table | surface which shows the influence (stem diameter mm, total weight g of a stem) of the green light irradiation which has on the growth of a bell pepper. It is a table | surface which shows the influence (accumulated harvest fruit number, the accumulated weight g of a fruit) of the green light irradiation which has on the growth of a bell pepper.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In this embodiment, “fruit and vegetables” refers to fruiting plants such as vegetables and fruit trees.

The method for cultivating fruit vegetables according to the present invention comprises a step of irradiating a plant with green light having an action of promoting the growth of fruiting plants such as fruit vegetables for a predetermined time in the dark.

The green light is green light having a wavelength range of 480 nm to 560 nm, preferably green light having a wavelength range of 500 nm to 560 nm.

The irradiation site of the fruit vegetables of the present invention is basically the whole plant of fruit vegetables, but may be a part. For example, the green light irradiation time of the fruits and vegetables of the present invention is about 2 hours, the irradiation frequency is once every 3 days, and the irradiation intensity is at least 5 μmol / m ² / s. The effect of promoting the growth of fruit vegetables can be obtained.

As an example of the method for irradiating fruit vegetables of the present invention, the green light is irradiated as described above to fruit vegetables in facility cultivation such as a vinyl greenhouse, and seedlings and grafted seedlings grown in a nursery.

The light source used is a light source (light emitting means) that emits green light in the wavelength range of 480 nm to 560 nm, and various light sources can be used as this light source.

For example, when an artificial light source is used directly, a light emitting diode (LED), a fluorescent tube, a cold cathode tube, an arc lamp, a neon tube, an electroluminescence (EL), an electrodeless discharge lamp, a light bulb, a laser beam, or phosphorescence, The light is generated by a chemical reaction such as fluorescence.

Furthermore, a filter or the like that selectively allows green light in the above-mentioned wavelength range among white light such as sunlight may be provided, and the above-described green light irradiation may be performed.

The number of fruits and vegetables can be increased by performing the green light irradiation periodically on the fruits and vegetables at least during the growth period from the time of flower bud differentiation to pollination. Fruit fruits such as strawberries and tomatoes have almost the same number of fruit cells at the time of flowering.

In the case of strawberries, the size of the fruit is greatly influenced by the number of fruit (seed) on the fruit (flower) persimmon. This is thought to be because plant hormones (such as auxin) synthesized by the fruit of strawberry promote growth of the strawberry bud, that is, fruit development.
The formation of fruit is said to be affected by pistil differentiation, pollination and fertilization during flower bud differentiation.

Therefore, in order to promote the enlargement of strawberry fruits, (1) In the process from flower bud differentiation to pollination and fertilization, increase the number of fruit berries, increase the amount of auxin produced inside the fruit, and make a base that is easy to enlarge the fruit . (2) It is important to maintain vigorous growth of the strain, enhance the photosynthetic activity of the foliage that is the source organ, and promote the translocation of the assimilation product to the fruit that is the sink organ.

By irradiating the strawberry with the green light, the number of fruits is increased in the process from the time of flower bud differentiation to pollination and fertilization. Fruit enlargement is possible by keeping the vigorous and enlarging the area of the leaf, which is an organ that performs photosynthesis, further increasing photosynthesis, generating more assimilation products by photosynthesis and promoting translocation to fruits.

In addition, in the case of tomatoes, by irradiating the tomatoes with the green light, the fruit bearing ability (the ability to add fruit to enlarge) can be improved, and fruit set after flowering can be prevented and fruit set can be promoted.

Tomatoes must be fully pollinated and fertilized in order for the fruit to bear fruit and enlargement to form seeds, and plant hormones such as auxin must be produced in the ovary.

Tomatoes have the property of participatory results, but the fruit of participatory results is said to have the property of being difficult to enlarge because there are few seeds and the plant hormone concentration in the fruits is low.

Also, incomplete pollination and fertilization, low illuminance, high temperature cultivation environment, drop in fruit bearing ability and lack of nutrients often cause fruit fall, resulting in unstable fruit setting and productivity. descend.

Irradiating the tomato with the green light during the growth period promotes the growth of tomato, improves fruit bearing ability without relying on drugs such as auxin, prevents fruit fall after flowering, and promotes fruit set.

Examples of fruits and vegetables that can be expected to promote fruit enlargement and fruit set by irradiation with green light include cucumber, cucumber, pumpkin, watermelon, melon, red pepper, tomato, eggplant, pepper, paprika, pepper, strawberry, strawberry , Okra, green beans, broad beans, peas, green beans, corn, and the like.

By the way, when irradiating green light with a wavelength range of 480 nm to 560 nm, the entire vinyl greenhouse may be covered with a black sheet or the like. If the plant body is irradiated in the dark so that light in other wavelength regions (other than 480 nm to 560 nm) hardly reaches the fruits and vegetables, the growth promotion effect of the fruits and vegetables by the green light is enhanced.

Further, as in WO2007 / 105599, fruit vegetables may be irradiated by a method of sequentially irradiating fruit vegetables with a mobile light source or a method using a mirror ball type reflected light. It can select according to a form and a cultivation place.
Example 1
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of a green light irradiation system for carrying out a method for growing fruit vegetables according to the present invention. The left side of the house greenhouse (facility) shown in FIG. 2 shows an explanatory diagram of a state in which strawberry seedling is being grown on the nursery shelf, and the right side of the house greenhouse is in the state in which strawberry cultivation is being performed on the cultivation bed. An explanatory diagram is shown. 3 and 4 show a green light irradiation system provided in a cultivation bed for strawberries.
<Cultivation bed>
The cultivation bed 6 in the house greenhouse 101 is publicly known, and as shown in FIG. 3A, has a housing 6B for cultivation of fruit vegetables having an open upper end and a leg portion 6A that supports the housing 6B. Yes.

In the main field cultivation as shown on the right side of the house greenhouse in FIG. 2, the cultivation beds 6 are provided in two rows, and the strawberries P1 are formed using rock wool slabs, polyester mats, nonwoven fabrics, etc. in the housing 6B of each cultivation bed 6. Plant.
<Green light irradiation system>
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the green light irradiation system 1 includes a pair of rails 4 and 4 installed above the cultivation bed 6 along the cultivation bed 6 for each row, wheels 7 and a green fluorescent lamp FL. ,..., Movable green light irradiation units (moving means) 3, 3, a control device 2 that controls the green fluorescent lamp FL of each green light irradiation unit 3, rails (traveling rails) 4,. 4 have support columns 5A,.

These support | pillars 5A and ... are being fixed to the leg parts 6A and 6A of the cultivation bed 6 by the fixing member 12 (refer FIG. 3A and FIG. 4).
<Green light irradiation unit>
As shown in FIGS. 3A and 4, the green light irradiation unit 3 crosses the cultivation bed 6 with the long tubes 17 </ b> A and 17 </ b> A and the long tubes 17 </ b> B and 17 </ b> B extending to the left and right (in FIG. 4) along the cultivation bed 6. The short pipes 3A, 3A, 3A (partially not shown) spanned between the long pipes 17A, 17A in the direction to be crossed, and the middle of the short pipes 3A, 3A, 3A along the cultivation bed 6 The long tube 17C passed, the green fluorescent lamp FL suspended by the chains 11, 11 at equal intervals on the long tube 17C, and a plurality of legs 3B provided at equal intervals on the long tube 17B. The wheel portion 7A provided at the tip of each leg portion 3B is provided.

As shown in FIG. 3B, the wheel portion 7A has a wheel receiver 9 provided at the tip of the leg portion 3B,... And a wheel 7 rotatably attached to the axle 8 of the wheel receiver 9. ing. The short pipe 3A, the leg 3B, and the long pipe 17A are connected by a connecting pipe 18.
Similarly, the long pipe 17C and the short pipe 3A are connected, and the short pipe 3A and the long pipe 17A are connected by the connecting pipe 18 (see FIGS. 3A and 4). The green light irradiation unit 3 travels on the rails 4 and 4 and can move to a predetermined position of the cultivation bed 6 (see FIGS. 4 and 5).
The green fluorescent lamp FL is a light emitting means that emits green light of 480 nm to 560 nm, and the height position of the green fluorescent lamp FL can be adjusted according to the height of each strawberry P1,. It has become.
For example, in the present embodiment, a hook (not shown) is provided on the upper portion of the green fluorescent lamp FL, and the hook of the green fluorescent lamp FL is hung on the chain 11 hanging at an arbitrary height position. The height position can be adjusted.

In addition, the height position of the green fluorescent lamp FL can be adjusted by winding the chain 11 around the short tube 3A and winding up or down the green fluorescent lamp FL like a reel. The control device 2 controls the lighting of the green fluorescent lamps FL of the green light irradiation unit 3.
For example, the green fluorescent lamp FL is turned on for a predetermined time (for example, 2 hours) and then turned off for a predetermined time (22 hours), and this process is repeated to intermittently emit green light emitted from the green fluorescent lamp FL to the strawberry P1. , ... are irradiated.

The time zone for irradiating the green light is set in the dark, for example, from 22:00 to 24:00 at night, when sunlight and light are not applied to the strawberry P1 and tomato P2 (described later). As described above, this irradiation irradiates the entire strawberry P1,..., But may irradiate a part of the plant body of the strawberry P1,. .
Moreover, although the strawberry P1, ... is irradiated with the green fluorescent lamp FL, it is not restricted to this, For example, a green light emitting diode etc. which light-emit green light etc. may be sufficient.
When this irradiation is performed once every three days, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, by arranging a plurality of cultivation beds 6,... In series, etc., a plurality of cultivation beds 6,. If the total length is approximately three times the length S of the green light irradiation unit 3 and the first to third days are irradiated with the position of the green light irradiation unit 3 changed as shown in FIG. , The operator can easily perform the irradiation work, and the management thereof is also easy.
Since the growth period of the strawberries P1,... Extends over a long period of time, the irradiation position is returned from the irradiation position on the third day to the irradiation position on the first day, and the irradiation position is similarly changed every day. The height position of the green fluorescent lamp FL is not limited to the above-described configuration, but may be adjusted by winding and unwinding the chain 11 by providing a winding device (not shown) in the green light irradiation unit 3. Good.
Further, the winding device may be controlled by the control device 2. Further, a driving device (not shown) for rotating the wheel 7 is provided in the green light irradiation system 1, and the position of the green light irradiation unit 3, the height position of the green fluorescent light FL, and the lighting of the green fluorescent light FL are controlled by the control device 2. Etc. may be controlled to fully automate the irradiation itself.
Hereinafter, the effect about the green light irradiation system of Example 1 is demonstrated.
According to the green light irradiation system of the present invention, the cultivation method of fruit vegetables explained in the embodiment can be applied to cultivation of strawberry P1. Moreover, since the green light irradiation unit 3 is movable along the row | line | column of the strawberry P1, the green light irradiation unit 3 can be easily moved to the predetermined position for irradiating the strawberry P1 to be irradiated. For this reason, an operator's labor of irradiation of green light is reduced.
In addition, since the green light irradiation unit 3 moves along the row of strawberries P1, the irradiation position of the green light irradiation unit 3 with respect to the strawberry P1 is determined to some extent, and the irradiation conditions for each irradiation are aligned. This makes it easier to irradiate the strawberry P1 with an appropriate amount of green light with good reproducibility.
In the facility cultivation in the vinyl greenhouse 101 or the like as shown in FIG. 2, since there are many interfering objects such as a heat insulating curtain 102, a light shielding curtain (not shown) and a control spray 100 above the cultivation bed 6, light emission that emits green light. It is difficult to suspend and move the means on the house aggregate or the like.
Further, in this case, the strength of the house aggregate also becomes a problem, but according to the green light irradiation system 1 of the first embodiment, it is bridged on the upper portion of the support 5A for the green light irradiation unit 3. Since the green light irradiation unit 3 moves on the rails 4 and 4 and this moving space is a dead space in the vinyl greenhouse where the above-mentioned interference does not exist, the above-described problems do not occur.
Furthermore, since a general-purpose pipe material can be used as the above-mentioned support 5A, the producer can easily perform the construction. Since the green light irradiation unit 3 is only on the rails 4 and 4 by the wheels 7,..., The removal of the green light irradiation unit 3 is very easy.
Moreover, since the support | pillar 5A is being fixed to the cultivation bed 6 so that attachment or detachment is possible by the fixing member 6C (refer FIG. 3A and FIG. 4), attachment and removal of the rails 4 and 4 are also easy. For this reason, attachment to the arbitrary cultivation bed 6 and removal can be performed as needed.

[Test 1]
Cultivation was conducted while irradiating green light in seedling cultivation (see FIG. 2) from seedlings using strawberries, and the effect of green light irradiation on growth and fruit enlargement was investigated.
[Materials and methods]
(material)
The strawberry varieties used were “Sachinoka”. The offspring grown from the parent strain was received in a pot filled with a known medium for growing strawberry seedlings (rock wool, peat moss, coconut husk mixed medium, etc.) and used for raising seedlings.
(Test conditions for seedling period)
(Cultivation)
The test group 1 (300 strains), the test group 2 (300 strains) and the control group 1 (300 strains) were grown in a vinyl greenhouse with 2 to 3 strawberry leaves as one strain. Other cultivation conditions were the same in the test groups 1 and 2 and the control group 1, and a known seedling raising method was followed.
(Test conditions for mainland cultivation)
As shown in FIG. 2, the grown strawberries were transferred to a hydroponic cultivation field, and the strawberries of each section were planted in a hydroponic cultivation bed in a vinyl greenhouse to start mainland cultivation. The green light irradiation was performed by the green light irradiation system installed on the cultivation beds in the test sections 1 and 2.

As described above, the irradiation of the green light in the test sections 1 and 2 was performed in the dark when the sunshine P or the illumination was not applied to the strawberry P1, for example, at 22:00 to 24:00 at night. About this irradiation, it irradiated in the substantially same time slot | zone for every irradiation day.

In test group 1, the entire exposed portion of the strawberry was irradiated, and the irradiation intensity of the green light was 60 to 80 μmol / m ² / s, the irradiation time was 2 hours / time, and the irradiation frequency was 1 time / 3 days.

In the test group 2, the green light is irradiated on the entire exposed part of the strawberry, the irradiation intensity of the green light: 4.5 to 5 μmol / m ² / s, the irradiation time: 2 hours / time, the irradiation frequency: once / 3 days. In the control group 1, the green light was not irradiated.

Other cultivation conditions are the same in the test plots 1 and 2 and the control plot 1 such as a cultivation temperature of 10 to 25 ° C. and natural day length (lighting from November to February), and follow the known hydroponic cultivation method. It was.
(Survey item)
During each period (15 strains) during the seedling raising period and the main cultivation period, growth investigation (pete length, leaf area, leaf length, leaf width), fruit investigation (fruit weight, fruit diameter, fruit length, number of fruits) The quality analysis (sugar content, acidity) of each fruit was conducted.
(Investigation result)
FIG. 6 shows the results of the investigation of the leaf area of the third leaf and the fruit weight of the first fruit in the test groups 1 and 2 and the control group 1 on each growth survey date.

As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 9A, in the test groups 1 and 2 irradiated with the green light, the third leaf was significantly more significant than the control group 1 in the initial to middle growth period of 9/17 to 12/25. The leaf area increased significantly. In the first fruit 2 months after planting, the test group 1 had a fruit weight approximately twice that of the control group 1.

FIG. 7 shows the results of investigations on the petiole length, leaf area, fruit weight, and sugar acid ratio in the first to third inflorescences of Test Zones 1 and 2 and Control Zone 1 on each growth survey date. In addition, the numerical value in a column is an average value +/- standard deviation, and the number in the parenthesis in the survey result column shown in FIG. 7 is a relative value when the average value of the target section 1 is 100.

As shown in FIG. 7, in the test group 1 where the green light irradiation (60 to 80 μmol / m ² / s) was performed, the petiole length, leaf area, fruit weight, A high value was shown in all the survey items of sugar acid ratio.

That is, in the test groups 1 and 2, compared to the control group 1, the growth of strawberries after planting is significantly promoted and the fruit is enlarged, and the growth promotion effect and quality improvement effect (increased sugar acid ratio) by the green light irradiation, etc. It has been shown.

Moreover, this fruit enlargement was confirmed up to the third inflorescence. These effects are highest in the test group 1 having a light intensity of 60 to 80 μmol / m ² / s in the first and ^second inflorescences, followed by a light intensity of 4.5 to 5 μmol / m ² / s. Since it was a certain test plot 2, it was shown that the growth of strawberries was promoted in the first and second inflorescences depending on the irradiation intensity of the green light.

On the other hand, in the third inflorescence, the values in all of the items in the test group 2 were higher than those in the test group 1, so that in the third inflorescence, 60-80 μmol / m ² / s. It was shown that irradiation with 4.5 to 5 μmol / m ² / s promotes strawberry growth rather than irradiation.

As shown in FIG. 8, in the test group 1 irradiated with the green light, the fruit weight, the number of fruits, and the leaf area increased by 5% (by the Tukey multiple comparison method) compared to the control group 1.

The photosynthesis is promoted by increasing the leaf area of the strawberry, and the increase in the number of fruits increases the production amount of plant hormones for the reasons described above, and these synergistic effects promote the fruit enlargement of the strawberry. Inferred (see FIG. 9B).

From these results, it was found that the green light, which has been considered not so much used for the growth of plants, has the effect of promoting the growth of strawberry, fruit enlargement and quality improvement.
(Example 2)
FIG. 10A shows the green light irradiation system 20 of the second embodiment.
The code | symbol 15 is the rock wool slab for planting tomato P2, .... The green light irradiation system 20 includes a plurality of columns 5B... Provided at equal intervals along both sides of the rock wool slab 15, and a plurality of attracting beams spanned on the respective upper portions of the columns 5B and 5B facing each other. 16,..., The rails 4, 4 laid over the attracting beams 16,... Along the rock wool slab 15, and the green light irradiation unit movably provided on the rails 4, 4 3 and the control device 2 or the like. The green fluorescent lamps FL,... Can change the height position as described in the first embodiment.
Since other members are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted. Since the control, irradiation method and the like regarding the irradiation of green light to the tomato P2 are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.
According to Example 2, the cultivation method of fruit vegetables explained in the embodiment can be applied to cultivation of tomato P2, and in addition to the effect of Example 1, the green light irradiation used for irradiation of strawberry P1 of Example 1 Tomato P2 can be irradiated with green light using unit 3.
FIG. 10B shows another example of Example 2 in which tomatoes P2,... Are planted on the cocoon 15A and the green light irradiation system 20 of Example 2 is applied. In other examples, the irradiation control, the irradiation method, and the like are the same as those in the second embodiment. According to another example, the present system can be applied to soil cultivation such as outdoor cultivation.

FIG. 11 shows another example of the second embodiment.

In this green light irradiation system 20B, as shown in FIG. 11, long tubes 19A, 19B, 19C are juxtaposed on the guiding beam 16,..., And a green fluorescent lamp FL. It is suspended by a chain 11. Other control of irradiation and the manner of irradiation are the same as in the second embodiment.
According to another example of the second embodiment, the green fluorescent lamp FL is suspended from the long tube 19B, and the tomato P2 is irradiated with green light. The method can be applied to cultivation of tomato P2.

[Test 2]
Cultivation was performed using tomatoes while irradiating with green light, and the effects of irradiation light irradiation on growth and fruit growth were investigated.
[Materials and methods]
(material)
The tomato variety “Momotaro 8” was used as the tomato. The tomato seeds were sown in a known medium (such as rock wool medium) and used for raising seedlings by a conventional method.
(Cultivation test conditions)
(Cultivation)
The tomatoes were grown in rock wool cubes in a vinyl greenhouse as test group 3 (300 strains) and control group 2 (300 strains).

Other cultivation conditions were the same in the test group 3 and the control group 2, and a known seedling raising method was followed.
(Test conditions for mainland cultivation)
Thereafter, the tomatoes in each section in the vinyl greenhouse were planted using rock wool slabs in the vinyl greenhouse as shown in FIGS. The green light irradiation was performed by the green light irradiation system 20 of the cultivation bed in the test section 3.

As described above, the irradiation of the green light in the test section 3 was performed in the dark when the tomato P2 was not exposed to sunlight or light, for example, from 22:00 to 24:00 at night. About this irradiation, it irradiated in the substantially same time slot | zone for every irradiation day.
In test group 3, the entire exposed part of the tomato was irradiated, and the green light irradiation intensity was 10 to 100 μmol / m ² / s, the irradiation time was 2 hours / time, and the irradiation frequency was 1 time / 3 days. In control group 2, green light was not irradiated.

The other cultivation conditions were the same in the test group 3 and the control group 2 and were according to a known hydroponic cultivation method.
(Survey item)
During the seedling period and the main cultivation period, in the first inflorescence of each ward, fruit investigation (total fruit volume, number of fruits, average fruit volume) is conducted, and growth investigation (leaf length, leaf width) of each ward (15 strains) , Leaf number).
(Investigation result)
FIG. 12 shows the fruit set rates in the first to seventh flowers of the first inflorescence in the test group 3 and the control group 2. As shown in FIG. 12, in the first to seventh flowers of the first inflorescence, the fruit set rate in the test group 3 irradiated with green light was higher than that in the non-irradiated control group 2, and the first inflorescence of the first inflorescence was irradiated with green light. The number of fruits increased with each flower.

In particular, the fruit that reaches the flower at the tip of the inflorescence (6th, 7th flower, etc.) has little nutrient distribution in the inflorescence and is difficult to reach, but this 6th, 7th flower is fruited in the control group 2. Although there was no fruit, it was fruited in the test section 3, and fruiting was promoted by the flower at the tip of the inflorescence by irradiating with green light.

FIG. 13 shows the total fruit volume, the number of fruits, and the average fruit volume of the first inflorescence in test group 3 and control group 2 on each growth survey date. The numbers in parentheses in the survey result column shown in FIG. 13 are relative values when the target section 2 is 100.

As shown in FIG. 13, in the test group 3, the total fruit volume, the number of fruits, and the average fruit volume increased in the first inflorescence of tomato compared to the control group 2 (see relative values in parentheses).
The average fruit volume in Test Group 3 was slightly lower to equivalent to that in Control Group 2 because the number of fruits increased due to green light irradiation.
About this, although the number of fruits increased in each strain of the test area 3 by the said green light irradiation, the commutation per fruit decreased that much, but the formation of a leaf was accelerated | stimulated simultaneously and leaf area increased. Thus, the amount of photosynthesis increased, and the final average fruit weight was considered to be slightly lower to almost the same group compared to the control group 2.

FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 show the frequency distribution of the fruit diameter of the first inflorescence (first to sixth flowers) in the test group 3 and the control group 2 on each growth survey day. As shown in FIGS. 14B and 14C, in the second to third flowers, test group 3 promoted fruit enlargement more than control group 2. This supports the result of FIG. 12 in which commutation to the fruit at the tip end of the inflorescence is promoted by green light irradiation.

FIG. 16 shows the leaf length and leaf width of the 20th node leaf of each tomato in the test group 3 and the control group 2 irradiated with green light. As shown in FIG. 16, in the test group 3, the leaf length (cm) increased by a 5% significant difference (by the Tukey multiple comparison method) compared to the control group 2.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 17, the number of leaves per strain in test group 3 was almost the same as that in control group 2, but the fresh weight of leaves per strain was significantly different (Tukey multiple). Increased by comparison method). By irradiating the tomato with green light, the tomato leaves grew vigorously and the amount of photosynthesis was increased, and the growth of the stem was also promoted, and the amount of nutrients absorbed from the soil was also increased.
In addition, the richness of nutrients from the roots and leaves promoted flowering (fruits) and increased the number of fruits. As the number of fruits increased, competition for nutrients in each fruit increased, but the growth of leaves, stems and roots further promoted the growth of leaves, stems and roots. The supply amount to one fruit from the roots and leaves increased, and the competition of the assimilation products was alleviated. For this reason, the fruit set in each flower was stable, and the nutrients were sufficiently transferred to the fruit at the end of the fruit bunches where the nutrients were difficult to transfer, and the enlargement of the fruit at the end of the fruit bunches was promoted.
[Test 4]
In Test 4, strawberry cultivation was performed while irradiating light of each wavelength of white, green, red, blue and yellow, and a field cultivation test was conducted to investigate the influence of light irradiation of each wavelength on growth.
The wavelength ranges of the irradiation light used below are 400 to 700 nm for white light, 500 to 570 nm for green light, 590 to 710 nm for red light, 380 to 550 nm for blue light, and 540 to 630 nm for yellow light. Using.
[Materials and methods]
(material)
The strawberry varieties used were “Sachinoka”. Strawberry seedlings grown from the parent strain were received in pots filled with a known medium for growing strawberry seedlings (rock wool, peat moss, coconut husk mixed medium, etc.), and strawberry seedlings grown by a known seedling raising method were used.
(Test conditions for mainland cultivation)
The grown strawberry seedlings were transferred to a hydroponic cultivation field, and strawberry was planted in a hydroponic cultivation bed in a vinyl greenhouse to start mainland cultivation (late September last year). At the time of this planting, it classified according to the color of irradiation light. In addition, a fluorescent lamp of the corresponding color is installed on the cultivation bed in each color irradiation section (green irradiation light test section 4, followed by white, red, blue, yellow irradiation light control sections 4-7), During the main office cultivation period, irradiation was performed by changing only the wavelength of irradiation light in each irradiation section.
In each irradiation section, the entire exposed part of the strawberry is irradiated with irradiation light of a predetermined color, the light irradiation intensity: 60 to 80 μmol / m ² / s, the irradiation time: 2 hours / time, the irradiation frequency: once / 3 days. The light irradiation was performed in the dark when no sunshine or electric light was applied to the strawberry, for example, at 22:00 to 24:00 at night. About this irradiation, it irradiated in the substantially same time slot | zone for every irradiation day. On the other hand, in the non-irradiated group (control group 3), the irradiation was not performed.
As for the cultivation conditions of strawberries, the cultivation temperature is 10-25 ° C., the natural day length (lighting from November to February), etc. The irradiation zone of each color (Test Zone 4, Control Zone 4-7) Test Zone and no irradiation It was the same in the ward (control ward 3), and a known hydroponics method was followed.
(Survey item)
During the cultivation period in this field, the growth survey was conducted with 7 strains in each group (n = 7) in the irradiation group of each color (test group 4 and control group 4-7) and non-irradiated group (control group 3). (Leaf length, leaf area, leaf length, leaf width, brewing date, brewing rate), nutrient absorption investigation (nitrate nitrogen, phosphate, potassium), root activity investigation by TTC (triphenyltetrazolium chloride) staining method Went. After the TTC-stained root tissue was ground with ethyl acetate, the absorbance of the extract at 480 nm was measured for quantitative evaluation.
As for the survey of buds, after planting (2/23), the buds of the first inflorescence were confirmed visually every 3 to 4 days in the period from 4/30 to 5/18.
For nutrient absorption studies (nitrate nitrogen, phosphate, potassium), the developed third leaf petiole (n = 7) was used as a sample. A 10-fold amount of pure water was added to the sample, pulverized and stirred with a Waring blender, and then filtered using a filter paper to obtain a measurement sample. In the analysis, NO ₃ ⁻ , K ⁺ and PO ₄ ³⁻ were measured using a small reflection color photometer “RQ Flex” (manufactured by Merck) and converted to nitrate nitrogen concentration, potassium concentration and phosphoric acid concentration.
Regarding the method of collecting roots, the strain was dug up during the sampling survey, the root was washed with water, and then a certain amount was collected from each individual using the survey strain as a control.
The TTC staining method uses a reaction in which TTC is reduced with hydrogen and generates red TPF (triphenylformazan) insoluble in water. Live cells with higher intracellular dehydrogenase activity are used. Colored red and dead cells with lower enzyme activity are less likely to develop color.
Therefore, when TTC staining is performed, the color develops in red in proportion to the activity of the stained plant (the number of living cells, the activity of each cell, etc.).
(Investigation result)
The strawberry “Sachinoka” was irradiated with fluorescent light (white, green, red, blue and yellow) in different wavelength ranges, and the effect of light quality on growth and flower bud development was investigated.
<Nitrate nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium absorption activity>
18 to 20 show the concentrations of nitrate nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium in the strawberry petioles after one month of planting (from the start of cultivation in this field), respectively.
As shown in FIGS. 18 to 20, the nitrate nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium concentrations showed the highest values in the irradiated area irradiated with green light one month after planting. From this, green light irradiation at the early stage of growth is effective in promoting nutrient absorption.
<Activities of roots and leaves>
FIG. 21 shows TTC activity (relative value) of roots. FIG. 22 shows the leaf area of the developed third leaf, and FIG. 23 shows the leaf width.
As shown in FIGS. 21 to 23, green light irradiation gives the growth promotion effect of roots and leaves next to white light, which has the most growth promotion effect, and is equivalent to or better than the red light often used for growth promotion. was gotten. It is thought that the absorption of nutrients is promoted by improving the activity of the roots by irradiation with green light, leading to the promotion of growth during the cultivation period.
<Outcome rate>
FIG. 24 shows the output rate of the first inflorescence of strawberry.
As shown in FIG. 24, the output was suppressed in the irradiation region of white light, red light, and blue light, and no effect was observed in the irradiation region of yellow light. In contrast, fertilization was promoted in the green light irradiated area. In addition, about this fertilization rate, the result in about 80 days (after a fixed planting to 2/23 and time of 5/18) from the start of this field cultivation is shown.
<Discussion>
Since strawberries are short-day plants, they are affected in terms of flower bud differentiation and development by light irradiation during cultivation, particularly light quality and day length. In particular, when the day length is inclined to the long day condition, the flower bud differentiation is suppressed in the short-day strawberry. This will eventually lead to delays in harvesting and lower yields, which will have a negative impact in practice.
In the main cultivation test, conventional cultivation of strawberries was carried out, and in the winter season, light was irradiated for another 2 hours after extending the day length by lighting, and the effects of long days (day length reaction) appeared. It is thought that the rate decreased, but surprisingly, the output rate increased in the green light irradiation zone (see FIG. 24).
For light containing more wavelengths than green light (red light, blue light, white light, etc.), the plant growth promotion effect is known and has been confirmed (see FIGS. 21 to 23). Because these red light and blue light are involved in flower bud differentiation and flower bud development, when strawberry is irradiated with red light or blue light at night (in the dark), the strawberry causes a day length reaction and yield rate (See FIG. 24), and as described above, the occurrence of adverse effects on the flower bud development due to the day length reaction is observed, such as suppression of fermenting, and in the actual cultivation of strawberry, the use of red light and blue light is difficult.
However, on the contrary, by irradiating light containing mainly green light that promotes the emergence, growth can be promoted without adversely affecting flower bud development.
Since the appropriate number of flowers (fruits) per strawberry strain is roughly determined, it is a problem that the flowers (fruits) that are the nutrient translocation destination do not come out without coming out. It is possible to increase the cocoon rate and secure an appropriate number of flowers (fruits).
These effects relate to strawberries, but similar effects can be expected for other short-day plants.
[Test 5]
In Test 5, a field cultivation test was conducted using strawberries while irradiating green light with different intensity in each section, and the effect of the light intensity of green light on growth (stock diameter, crown diameter, stock weight, underground weight). investigated. In addition, a crown diameter means the maximum diameter of the border part (root) of a strawberry strain.
[Materials and methods]
(material)
The strawberry varieties used were “Sachinoka”. Seedlings grown from runners from the parent were received in pots filled with a known medium for growing strawberry seedlings (rock wool, peat moss, coconut husk mixed medium, etc.), and seedlings grown by a known seedling raising method were used.
(Test conditions for mainland cultivation)
The strawberry seedlings that had been raised were transferred to a field for hydroponics, and the strawberry was planted in each test zone of the culture bed for hydroponics in a vinyl greenhouse to start mainland cultivation. For the green light irradiation, a green fluorescent lamp installed on the cultivation bed in the test section 3 was used, and different light intensities were obtained by changing the distance from the green fluorescent lamp to the cultivation surface.
The green light irradiation was performed in the dark when sunshine and electric light were not applied to the strawberry, for example, from 22:00 to 24:00 at night. About this irradiation, it irradiated in the substantially same time slot | zone for every irradiation day, and irradiated the green light to the whole exposed part of the strawberry.
Irradiation intensity: 6 to 8 μmol / m ² / s (test group 5), 60 to 80 μmol / m ² / s (test group 6), irradiation time: 2 hours / time, irradiation frequency: 1 time / 3 days . In the control group 8, the light irradiation was not performed.
Other cultivation conditions are the same in the test plots 5 and 6 and the control plot 8 such as a cultivation temperature of 10 to 25 ° C. and a natural day length (lighting from November to February). It was.
(Survey item)
During the cultivation period in this field, in each section (10 strains) regularly, strawberry growth investigation (pete length, leaf area, leaf length, leaf width, date of brewing), fruit investigation (weight, sugar acid ratio), root activity Investigation (TTC activity) was conducted.
(Investigation result)
The strawberry “Sachinoka” was irradiated with different light intensities using a green fluorescent lamp, and the effect of the light intensity on the growth was investigated.
25 to 28 show the influence of light intensity on growth. During the cultivation period of 8 months after planting, the growth of strawberry (strain size, 6 and 8 μmol / m ² / s, 60 to 80 μmol / m ² / s in both test plots 5 and 6). (Crown diameter, stock weight, underground weight) were promoted. Even at a light intensity as low as 6 to 8 μmol / m ² / s, the same effect as in the case of 60 to 80 μmol / m ² / s was observed.
In particular, in the test group 5 irradiated with a light intensity of 6 to 8 μmol / m ² / s, the growth of the above-ground part tended to be promoted. On the other hand, in the test group 6 irradiated with a light intensity of 60 to 80 μmol / m ² / s, there was a tendency for the growth of the underground part to be promoted.
Promoting the above-ground growth within an appropriate range leads to the promotion of fruit growth. However, excessive growth of the above-ground part tends to vegetative growth, which suppresses flower bud differentiation and affects output delay, delay in flowering, and fruit setting, leading to problems such as yield loss. The promotion of growth in the underground part leads to the promotion of fruit growth because nutrient absorption from the roots is promoted. In other words, the balance between the above-ground part and the underground part becomes important.
Therefore, judging from the current situation of strawberry growth, for example, for individuals with vigorous growth in the underground, the growth of the above-ground part is promoted by irradiation intensity (6-8 μmol / m ² / s), You can adjust the balance between the above-ground part and the underground part.
On the other hand, for example, for individuals with vigorous growth of the above-ground part, the growth of the underground part is promoted by irradiation intensity (60-80 μmol / m ² / s) to adjust the balance between the above-ground part and the underground part. I can do it.
[Test 6]
Hydroponic cultivation of peppers was performed while irradiating green light, and the effect of green light irradiation on the growth of peppers was investigated.
[Materials and methods]
(material)
“Kyo Yutaka” was used as the kind of peppers used. The seed of “Kyo Yutaka” was sown in a vermiculite medium, transplanted to a rock wool cube after germination, and allowed to grow for 6 weeks by a known seedling raising method.
(Test conditions for hydroponics)
The seedlings of the green peppers that had been nurtured were planted on a rock wool cultivation bed installed in a vinyl greenhouse, and cultivation was started. The green fluorescent lamp used in Test Zone 3 was installed on the cultivation bed, and green light irradiation was performed under the following conditions during the cultivation period.
The green light irradiation in the test section 7 was performed in the dark when sunlight was not applied to the peppers, for example, at 22:00 to 24:00 at night. About this irradiation, it irradiated in the substantially same time slot | zone for every irradiation day.
In the test group 7, green light was irradiated to the whole exposed part of the bell pepper, and the light irradiation intensity: 80 μmol /
m ² / s, irradiation time: 2 hours / time, irradiation frequency: 1 time / 3 days. In control group 9, no green light was irradiated.
The other cultivation conditions are as follows: cultivation temperature 15-30 ° C., natural day length, test zone 7 and control zone 9
The same rock wool cultivation method was followed.
(Survey item)
During the cultivation period, a growth survey (maximum leaf length, leaf width, stem weight) and fruit survey (fruit weight) were periodically conducted in each section (6 strains: n = 6).
[Investigation result]
Cultivation was performed while irradiating green pepper with green light, and the effect on growth was investigated.
FIG. 29 shows the effect of green light irradiation on the growth of peppers. Stem growth was promoted by irradiating green light with a light intensity of 80 μmol / m ² / s during cultivation.
FIG. 30 shows the fruit yield (integrated yield fruit number, integrated weight) of peppers. “Accumulated number of fruits” is the total number of fruits in the harvest period, which is the sum of the number of fruits on each harvest day. Similarly, “Total amount” is the total yield in the harvest period, which is the sum of the yields on each date of harvest. is there.
As shown in FIGS. 29 and 30, by irradiating green light with a light intensity of 80 μmol / m ² / s, the stem diameter, the total stem weight, the total number of harvested fruits, and the total weight compared to the case of no irradiation. There was a tendency to increase. Growth was promoted at a light intensity of at least 80 μmol / m ² / s.
From the above result, as a result of cultivating green pepper while irradiating green light, the growth is promoted and the yield can be improved.

Hereinafter, the effect of the method for cultivating fruit vegetables according to the present invention will be described.

According to this cultivation method, it is possible to promote the growth of strawberries and tomatoes, such as increasing the number of strawberry, tomato and pepper results, and improving the sugar-to-sugar ratio of fruits without chemical treatment such as auxin and chemical fertilizers. it can.

In the year-round cultivation in the vinyl greenhouse, the cultivation environment is not necessarily appropriate, and the characteristics and growth functions originally possessed by strawberries, tomatoes and peppers cannot be fully exploited. For this reason, in the year-round cultivation in the vinyl greenhouse, there are obstacles such as stagnation of growth, flowering and fruiting, and productivity is lowered.

However, by irradiating the green light, the growth of tomatoes, strawberries and peppers is promoted as described above. Therefore, the characteristics of strawberries, tomatoes and peppers and their growth are also observed in the annual cultivation in facilities such as vinyl greenhouses. The function can be fully exploited.

In addition, by regularly performing the irradiation during at least the growth period from flower bud formation to pollination of strawberries and tomatoes, the growth of the results (fruits) and fruit enlargement of strawberries and tomatoes can be more reliably promoted. Can do.
Further, following this growth period, if the irradiation is carried out periodically during the growth period and the period of growing strawberry and tomato fruits from the pollination to fruiting, the growth of strawberry and tomato is further enhanced. Can be promoted.

Furthermore, if the green light does not contain light in a wavelength range other than 480 nm to 560 nm, the effect of promoting the growth of strawberries, tomatoes and peppers is enhanced because light of other wavelengths is not included.

Further, if the irradiation intensity of the green light is at least 5 μmol / m ² / s, the predetermined irradiation time is about 2 hours, and the irradiation frequency is at least once every 3 days, at least the growth promotion effect of strawberry is obtained. can get. Furthermore, when the green light irradiation intensity is 60 to 80 μmol / m ² / s, a greater strawberry growth promoting effect can be obtained.

Similarly, in the cultivation of tomato P2, the irradiation intensity of the green light is at least 5 μmol / m ² / s, the predetermined irradiation time is about 2 hours, and the irradiation intensity of the green light is 10 to 100 μmol / m ² / s. By setting to s, the growth promotion effect of tomato P2 is acquired.
Although it is not described in the above test, cultivation conditions where there are almost no phytopathogenic fungi in the soil, that is, raising seedlings for germination of aseptic seeds of strawberry and tomato, Since the growth was promoted, it was confirmed that the growth of strawberries and tomatoes was substantially accelerated by green light irradiation.
Furthermore, in the cultivation of peppers, a growth promoting effect was obtained by similarly irradiating with an irradiation intensity of 80 μmol / m ² / s.

As described above, the present invention has been described based on the present embodiment, tests 1 to 6 and examples 1 and 2. However, the specific configurations of these embodiments, tests 1 to 6 and examples 1 and 2 are described. However, design changes and additions are permitted without departing from the spirit of the invention according to each claim of the claims.

For example, in outdoor cultivation (see FIG. 10B), illumination light (outside light) provided for other purposes may enter the irradiation light, and the fruits and vegetables are irradiated only with a specific wavelength of 480 nm to 560 nm. It may not be possible.
However, even in such a case, if the light is weak enough not to cause photosynthesis, the above-described effect can be obtained by irradiating with green light. Therefore, the light is not limited to only 480 nm to 560 nm. Good.

In test 1, irradiation intensity: 5 μmol / m ² / s or 60 to 80 μmol / m ² / s, irradiation frequency: once every 3 days, irradiation time: irradiation of strawberries P1 under irradiation conditions of 2 hours, growth promoting effect For example, irradiation intensity such as 20 to 60 μmol / m ² / s or 80 to 100 μmol / m ² / s, and other irradiation conditions such as once every 2 days to 5 days and 2 to 4 hours. In that case, there is a possibility that a higher growth promoting effect can be obtained with strawberries.

Similarly, in Test 2, the growth promoting effect was obtained by irradiating tomato P2 under irradiation conditions of irradiation intensity: 10 to 100 μmol / m ² / s, irradiation frequency: once every 3 days, irradiation time: 2 hours. However, for example, when other irradiation conditions such as once every 2 to 5 days and 2 to 4 hours are used, a higher growth promoting effect may be obtained with tomatoes.

In addition, fruit vegetables other than strawberries, tomatoes and peppers may have the effect of promoting growth as described above by green light irradiation.

Claims (9)

1. A method for cultivating fruit vegetables, wherein the fruit vegetables are irradiated with green light in the dark to promote fruiting and fruit enlargement of the fruit vegetables.
2. The method for cultivating fruit vegetables according to claim 1, wherein the irradiation is performed during a growth period from flower bud formation to pollination of the fruit vegetables.
3. The irradiation is performed periodically during a growth period from flower bud formation to pollination of the fruit vegetables, a growth period from the pollination to fruiting, and a period during which the fruits of the fruit vegetables are grown. The cultivation method of the fruit vegetables of claim | item 1.
4. The cultivation method for fruit vegetables according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the irradiation intensity of the green light is at least 5 µmol / m ² / s or more.
5. The method for cultivating fruit vegetables according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the irradiation intensity of the green light is 60 to 80 µmol / m ² / s.
6. The method for cultivating fruit vegetables according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the predetermined time of the irradiation is about 2 hours and the irradiation frequency is once every 3 days.
7. A light emitting means for emitting green light; and a control means for controlling light emission of the light emitter, wherein the control means causes the light emitting means to emit light and irradiates the green vegetables in the dark. Green light irradiation system.
8. The moving means provided so as to be movable along the row of planted fruits and vegetables is provided, the light emitting means is provided in the moving means, the moving means is moved to a predetermined position for irradiating the fruits and vegetables, and Irradiation is performed, The green light irradiation system of Claim 7 characterized by the above-mentioned.
9. The cultivation bed is provided in a facility for cultivating the fruit vegetables, and a traveling rail extending along the row of the fruit vegetables is provided in a dead space in the facility above the cultivation bed. The green light irradiation system according to claim 8, wherein the green light irradiation system moves on a traveling rail.
   
   

Images