WO2010124542A1 - Image processing method and device for seamless splice display system - Google Patents

Image processing method and device for seamless splice display system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010124542A1
WO2010124542A1 PCT/CN2010/071155 CN2010071155W WO2010124542A1 WO 2010124542 A1 WO2010124542 A1 WO 2010124542A1 CN 2010071155 W CN2010071155 W CN 2010071155W WO 2010124542 A1 WO2010124542 A1 WO 2010124542A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
image
display
splicing
data
module
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2010/071155
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
卢如西
孟凡华
Original Assignee
广东威创视讯科技股份有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN 200910039102 external-priority patent/CN101556425B/en
Priority claimed from CN2009100415634A external-priority patent/CN101644876B/en
Priority claimed from CN2009101926529A external-priority patent/CN101692335B/en
Application filed by 广东威创视讯科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 广东威创视讯科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2010124542A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010124542A1/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12Picture reproducers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3141Constructional details thereof
    • H04N9/3147Multi-projection systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display screen image processing, and more particularly to an image processing method and apparatus for realizing splicing large screen display.
  • the existing large-screen display technology mainly combines and displays a plurality of display units by stacking.
  • the advantage of splicing a large screen is that it can improve the resolution of the display system, increase the display area, display a complete picture on the entire display screen, or open a window at any position on the display screen, but at the same time, it has its shortcomings. That is, there is a clear physical joint at the joint of each display unit, which is reflected as a black line when the display is actually activated, which destroys the overall effect of the image.
  • Chinese patent CN1688160A discloses an image edge fusion method for splicing display on a large screen, which divides a picture into a plurality of sub-images, each adjacent sub-image connection edge portion has the same image content, and the same image is projected when the image is projected
  • the edges of the content are partially overlapped, and the overlapping regions are brightness-homogenized using optical (physical) modulation and electronic gain adjustment.
  • optical (physical) modulation and electronic gain adjustment By adopting the overlapping projection of the same image of adjacent sub-images, it is easy to cause partial pixels to be accurately overlapped at the joint seam to form a ghost image.
  • Electronically adjusting the pixel position causes the image to be warped, and there is still a bright and dark difference in the large angle of view of the overlapping areas of the image, and the stitching marks are obvious.
  • the entire splicing display system is composed of a plurality of display units 11 , and a splicing seam 12 exists between two adjacent display units, and the splicing seam may be an actual physical gap or a screen.
  • the connecting materials are spaced apart.
  • each display unit 11 is sequentially arranged by the projector 21 and the screen system 22 in accordance with the optical path.
  • a mirror is also installed between the projector 21 and the screen system 22 in many cases. slightly.
  • the screen system 22 mainly includes a fixed bracket 23, a Fresnel lens 24, and a rear projection screen 25; wherein the rear projection screen 25 can correspond to the screen system 22, that is, only one Fresnel lens 24 is covered, or a large one can be made
  • the screen shared by multiple display units, covers a plurality of Fresnel lenses.
  • the projected light 26 emitted by the projector 21 passes through the Fresnel lens 24 and is refracted by the Fresnel lens 24, and then vertically projected to the rear projection screen 25, which is pressed by the rear projection screen 25.
  • a reasonable angular distribution is emitted from the front side of the rear projection screen 25.
  • the range of projected light 26 coincides with the area of the rear projection screen corresponding to a screen system. Due to the need for mounting and the adjustment of the position of the screen system 22, there is always a certain seam 12 between the two screen systems. Since no projection light reaches the splicing seam 12, a black line is formed at the splicing seam 12 on the spliced image, resulting in image segmentation.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide an image processing method and apparatus for large-screen display without pixel loss and real seamless stitching.
  • An image processing apparatus for seamlessly splicing a large screen display which includes an access module, a storage module, an image segmentation processing module, an image brightness adjustment module, an output module, and a display module that are sequentially connected.
  • the image segmentation processing module functions to divide an image accessed from the graphics card into a plurality of image blocks, and then add a slot image to the connecting edge portion of each adjacent image block, and the formed image is a sub-image.
  • the slit image is an image in which the edge portion of each image block after copying is copied.
  • the slit image may have a width of 1 to 3 pixels, preferably 1 pixel width.
  • the number of output circuits in the output module is the same as the number of divided image blocks, and each sub-image is displayed by a corresponding one of the display units.
  • each sub-image is displayed by a corresponding one of the display units.
  • the display module is composed of a plurality of splicing display units, wherein there are splicing seams between two adjacent display units, and each display unit is sequentially arranged by the projector and the screen system according to the optical path, and the screen system comprises a fixed bracket, Fresnel The lens, the rear projection screen, and the Fresnel lenses of two adjacent screen systems are spliced together, the range of light projected by the projector exceeds the range of the image displayed on the rear projection screen, and the excess light is projected to the side of the screen system; The range of light projected by the projector exceeds the range of the image displayed by the rear projection screen, preferably within one pixel or one pixel.
  • a guiding optical structure is provided in each of the display units, and the guiding optical structure functions to direct light having a projected image light range slightly exceeding the range of the display unit into a gap between the adjacent display units.
  • the image range beyond the display unit is preferably one pixel.
  • the guiding optical structure can be implemented:
  • the guiding optical structure can be a scattered optical structure or a refractive optical structure disposed on the side of the screen system.
  • the optical structure is a groove provided on the edge of the Fresnel lens, the groove surface is a smooth surface or a frosted surface; the opening of the groove is directed to the outside, the groove is close to the inclined surface of the screen and the front surface of the Fresnel lens The angle is larger than the angle of the edge light of the image displayed on the front of the screen, and the angle between the inclined surface of the groove away from the screen and the front surface of the Fresnel lens is less than or equal to 60°.
  • the screen system further includes a glass plate disposed between the Fresnel lens and the fixed bracket; the optical structure is provided with a chamfered surface on a side where the Fresnel lenses are spliced to each other, and a chamfered surface of the Fresnel lens is disposed at
  • the Fresnel lens is close to the side of the projector, and its depth is smaller than that of the edge of the screen system.
  • the corresponding light of the edge of the image is reflected and propagated in the Fresnel lens, so as not to affect the edge of the screen system.
  • the internal refraction and propagation of the Neel lens is appropriate.
  • the cutting surface of the chamfer is a plane or a curved surface.
  • the optical structure is a chamfer provided on an edge edge of a surface where the Fresnel lens and the glass plate are in contact, or a scattering layer or a light transmissive microstructure layer disposed on a side of the glass plate;
  • the cutting surface is a smooth surface or a frosted surface.
  • the angle between the cutting surface of the Fresnel lens and the front surface of the Fresnel lens is larger than the angle of the edge of the image displayed on the front of the screen, and the cutting surface of the glass plate is opposite to Fresnel.
  • the angle between the front side of the lens is less than or equal to 60°.
  • the optical structure may be a scattering layer or a scattering sheet or a light transmissive microstructure layer disposed on a side of the Fresnel lens
  • the light projected into the splicing seam is suitably scattered to match the light emerging from the front of the screen.
  • the optical structure may also be provided with a light transmissive sheet that directs light to propagate toward the front of the screen system, the sheet directing light entering the seam to exit from the front of the screen system.
  • the diffuser or light transmissive sheet may be a fixed connection portion of the screen system.
  • the light transmissive microstructure layer is preferably parallel to the stepped microprism layer on the front side of the Fresnel lens, and the microsphere missing layer and the micro cone layer may be arranged in an ordered manner.
  • the screen system also includes a light transmissive plate disposed inside the Fresnel lens.
  • the optical structure may also be a refracting wedge disposed near the fixed bracket at a position where the screen system is in contact with the fixed bracket; at this time, the fixing bracket may be a light-transmitting fixing bracket, or the end that is in contact with the screen system is transparent. Fix the bracket.
  • the working principle of the scheme is as follows: On the basis of the existing rear projection display unit, firstly, the range of light projected by the projector is slightly enlarged, slightly exceeding the range of the image displayed on the rear projection screen (the amount exceeds one pixel), beyond Part of the light is projected to the side of the screen system. And a specific optical structure is disposed on the side of the screen system, so that the light projected to the side of the screen system passes through the optical structures, and then exits to the splicing gap at a certain angle, and then exits from the front surface of the rear projection screen.
  • the invention also provides an image processing method for realizing seamless splicing large screen display, comprising the following steps:
  • the image segmentation processing module reads the image data in the storage module, divides the image into a plurality of image blocks, and adds a gap image to the connecting edge portion of each adjacent image block, and the formed image is a sub-image, wherein The slit image is the same as the image of the edge portion of each image block after the segmentation;
  • the image brightness adjustment module adjusts the brightness of the slit image in each sub-image, so that the brightness of each adjacent sub-image is smoothly transitioned at the slit;
  • the sub-image data is transmitted to the corresponding display unit for display through the output module.
  • the access module can input image data for one or more access circuits.
  • the memory module can be stored by using a built-in memory module to store image data or an external memory to store image data.
  • the image data can be copied by means of delayed reading, or the image data can be copied by repeatedly reading the same storage address data.
  • the specific process of image segmentation and the addition of the slot image in the step (2) may be: the image segmentation processing module reads the image data in the storage module. At the same time, the pixels read in each row are counted. After reading the Nth pixel of each row, the data is read by the first delay circuit formed by the D flip-flop in the image segmentation processing module. The time is the length of time for reading A pixels, so that the N-A+1th pixel to the Nth pixel read from each line is equivalent to re-reading once. After reading the N+2A pixels of each row (ie, the N+A pixels of the DVI output), the second delay formed by the D flip-flop is performed on the basis of the original first delay circuit.
  • the circuit reads the data, wherein the delay time is also the length of time for reading A pixels, which is equivalent to reading the N+A+1 to N+2A pixels read again, and so on. , you can complete image segmentation and add gap images to each image block.
  • N is the number of pixels per line of the divided image block, which is set by the user according to actual needs;
  • A is the pixel width of the slit image The number may be 1 or 2 or 3, preferably 1.
  • the specific process of image segmentation and the addition of the slot image in the step (2) may be: reading data generated by the image segmentation processing module The address, the data is read, and the pixel data read in each row is counted, and when the edge pixels of the divided image block (that is, the pixels spliced between the image blocks) are counted, the edge pixels are repeatedly read. Repeat reading only at the edge pixels of the stitching, and other pixels can be read directly. The above operation is repeated for each line of data, image segmentation is completed, and a slit image is added to each image block.
  • the access circuit in the vertical direction It is separate, that is, any display unit in the vertical direction does not share the same access circuit.
  • the storage module can store the image data or the external memory to store the image data by using the built-in memory module.
  • the image data can be copied by means of delayed reading, or the image data can be copied by repeatedly reading the same storage address data.
  • the specific process of image segmentation and the addition of the slot image may be: by the first row of display units in the horizontal direction.
  • the three primary color data is written into the storage module, the image segmentation processing module reads the image data in the memory, and the image segmentation processing module counts the pixels read per line and the number of written lines.
  • the data is read by a first delay circuit composed of a D flip-flop in the image segmentation processing module, wherein the delay time is the time for reading A pixels.
  • the length, such that the N-A+1th pixel to the Nth pixel read from each line is equivalent to re-reading once.
  • the second delay formed by the D flip-flop is performed on the basis of the original first delay circuit.
  • the circuit reads the data, wherein the delay time is also the length of time for reading A pixels, which is equivalent to reading the N+A+1 to N+2A pixels read again, and so on. , it is possible to add a gap image between the desired divided image blocks in the first row of ice squares.
  • N is the number of pixels per line of the divided image block, which is set by the user according to actual needs
  • A is the number of pixel widths of the slit image, which may be 1 or 2 or 3, preferably 1.
  • the same edge row is repeatedly read by the delay circuit.
  • the corresponding image data is written into the memory through the access circuit of the second row display unit in the horizontal direction, similar to the data reading mode of the first row display unit image block in the horizontal direction, and the second row display in the horizontal direction of the read memory is read.
  • the delay reading circuit realizes the repeated reading of the edge line pixels at the junction of the image block of the first row of display unit blocks and the image block of the second row of the display unit image blocks. Repeat reading of the edge pixels at the position, and repeated reading of the edge pixels at the junction of the image block of the third row display unit image block in the second row. As such, all image segmentation is done and a gap image is added to each image block.
  • the specific process of image segmentation and the addition of the slot image in the step (2) may be: writing data generated internally by the image segmentation processing module Address, writes the three primary colors into the memory through each corresponding access circuit, through the image segmentation The read data address generated inside the module, the data is read, and the pixel data and the number of rows read in each row are counted, and when the edge pixels at the splicing position between the divided image blocks are counted, the edge pixels are repeatedly read. .
  • all image segmentation is completed and a slit image is added to each image block.
  • the resolution of the sub-image matches the resolution supported by the display unit.
  • the method for adjusting the brightness of the image includes an average value method, a weighted smoothing method, a gamma curve adjustment method, and the like.
  • the step (4) includes: counting the number of output pixels after the brightness adjustment, and transmitting the number of output pixels to the corresponding display unit for display, and the gap image of each adjacent sub-image is guided to the adjacent display unit through the guiding optical structure. In the gap, the dark line formed by the display unit splicing gap is brightened.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the present invention prevents the loss of image pixels by adding a slit image at the edge of the divided image block.
  • the present invention can make the projection light reach the splicing gap where the light does not arrive, thereby blanking the splicing.
  • the dark line at the gap achieves the effect of visually effectively splicing the spliced image dividing line, realizing seamless splicing to completely reproduce the image, making the image transition between the splicing display units more natural and smooth, and the overall display effect is better.
  • the optical structure provided by the invention can be in various forms, has a simple structure, is good in process feasibility, and has low cost increase, and is advantageous for popularization and application.
  • the spliced display screen provided by the invention can use a rear projection screen separately for one rear projection unit, or a rear projection screen can be shared by a plurality of rear projection units, and the latter can better embody the advantages of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional splicing display system
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a single rear projection unit in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an image processing apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of an image processing method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of hardware according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a sub-image according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of hardware according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a sub-image according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic illustration of a first optical structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic illustration of a second optical structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic illustration of a third optical structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic illustration of a fourth optical structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic illustration of a fifth optical structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view showing a screen splicing structure using the first optical structure
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view showing a screen splicing structure using a second optical structure
  • Figure 16 is a schematic view showing a screen splicing structure using a third optical structure
  • Figure 17 is a schematic view showing a screen splicing structure using a fourth optical structure; 18 to 22 are schematic views of a fifth optical structure equivalent conversion application. ⁇ detailed description ⁇
  • the large-screen display device for seamlessly splicing includes an access module, a storage module, an image segmentation processing module, an image brightness adjustment module, an output module, and a display module that are sequentially connected.
  • the splicing large screen is a splicing method composed of two display units in the horizontal direction, and one image access circuit is used for image data input, and two output circuits are used for image data output.
  • a hardware structure diagram for implementing seamless splicing and large screen display is provided in the embodiment, which includes an access module (one access circuit), a storage module, an image segmentation processing module, and an image brightness adjustment module.
  • Output module output circuit A, output circuit B
  • display module display unit A, display unit B.
  • the functions of the memory module, the image segmentation processing module, and the image brightness adjustment module can be implemented by using an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • the storage module can be a dual-chain SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) directly disposed inside the FPGA; or can be implemented by using an FPGA and an external memory.
  • the size of the double-chain SRAM or the external memory set in the FPGA can be set according to the actual needs of the user.
  • the dual-chain SRAM is set internally by the FPGA, and the storage amount is about one line of image data size.
  • the image segmentation processing module is configured to divide an image accessed from the graphics card into thousands of image blocks, and add a gap image to the joint edge portion of each adjacent image block, and the formed image is a sub-image.
  • the slit image is an image of the edge portion of each image block after the splitting, and the slit image may have a width of 1 to 3 pixels. In this embodiment, one pixel width is preferred.
  • a process for implementing an image processing method for seamlessly splicing a large screen display includes the following steps:
  • the graphics card outputs image data
  • the image segmentation processing module reads the image data in the double-chain SRAM, divides the image into several image blocks, and adds a gap image to the joint edge portion of each adjacent image block, and the formed image is a sub-image, wherein , the gap image and the image of the edge portion of each image block after the division are the same;
  • the image brightness adjustment module adjusts the brightness of the slit image in each sub-image, so that the brightness of each adjacent sub-image is smoothly transitioned at the slit;
  • the sub-image data is transmitted to the corresponding display unit for display through the output module.
  • the image data in the step (1) is a 24-bit true color picture, and the image resolution is 2046 x 768.
  • the access interface bandwidth of the access circuit satisfies the image data transmission. The required bandwidth.
  • the image segmentation in the step (3) is performed by dividing an image with a resolution of 2046 x 768 into image blocks A of 1023 768 and image blocks B of 1023 768, and splicing in image block A and image block B. At the edges, gap images of the respective image blocks are added.
  • the slit image width is one pixel width. As shown in FIG. 6, the slit image 401 of the image block A and the slit image 402 of the image block B.
  • the slit image 401 is the same as the image 403 of one pixel width of the most edge column of the image block A, and the slit image 402 is the same as the image 404 of one pixel width of the most edge column of the image block B.
  • two sub-images, sub-image A of 1024 768, and sub-image sub-image A and sub-image B of 1024 768 are formed to match the resolution supported by the display unit.
  • Sub-image formation in step (3) is achieved in one of two ways:
  • Method 1 The image data is copied by using a delayed reading method to form a sub-image.
  • the specific process of image segmentation and the addition of the slot image may be: writing 24 bits of R, G, and B primary color data into the double-chain SRAM under the action of the write clock pulse, and simultaneously Under the action of the read clock pulse, the image segmentation module reads the data and counts the number of pixels read per line. After reading the 1023th pixel of each line, it is composed of a D flip-flop.
  • the first delay circuit reads the output data of the graphics card, wherein the delay time is the length of time for reading one pixel, so that the first 1024 pixels of each line output from the graphics card are delayed by one pixel.
  • the time is read, and the 1024th pixel read is the same as the 1023th pixel read previously.
  • the second delay circuit pair D formed by the D flip-flop is formed on the basis of the original first delay circuit.
  • the VI output data is read, and the delay time is also the length of time for reading one pixel, which is equivalent to reading the 1025th pixel again.
  • Method 2 copying the image data by repeatedly reading the same storage address data.
  • the specific process of image segmentation and the addition of the slot image may be: according to the write data address generated inside the FPGA, The access module writes the three primary color data into the double-chain SRAM, reads the data through the read data address generated by the FPGA, and counts the pixel data read in each row, and counts the edge pixels of the divided image block.
  • the 1023th pixel is repeatedly read once.
  • Read the 1025th pixel that is, the 1024th pixel of the graphics card output
  • read the 1025th pixel repeatedly Repeat reading only at the edge of the stitching edge, and other pixels can be read directly.
  • the aperture image A and the slit image B are subjected to brightness adjustment by the image brightness adjustment module.
  • the main adjustment methods including the average method, the weighted smoothing method, the gamma curve adjustment method, etc., can be selected by the user himself.
  • the weighted smoothing method is adopted, that is, the luminance value of the slot image A is multiplied by L1 by a weight al, and the luminance value M1 of the aperture image A is obtained, wherein the weight al is a constant of 0 to 1.
  • the luminance value of the slit image B is multiplied by L2 by a weight a2 to obtain a luminance value M2 after the aperture image B is adjusted, wherein the weight a2 is a constant of 0 to 1.
  • the adjacent sub-image A and the sub-image B achieve a smooth transition in brightness at the slit.
  • the specific formula is as follows:
  • the FPGA counts the pixels read in each line, and reads the image data under the read clock pulse.
  • the first 1024 pixels of each line of the output image data are sent to the display unit A; the 1025th pixel to the last 2048th pixel of each line of the output image data are sent to the display unit B.
  • the sub-image A is realized to be displayed on the display unit A through the output circuit A.
  • the slit images of the sub-image A and the sub-image B are each guided through a guiding optical structure into a gap between the adjacent display unit A and the display unit B.
  • the splicing large screen is a splicing mode composed of 2 x 2 display units.
  • the display unit uses one access circuit A to connect the graphics card A for image input, and the two display units in the second row in the horizontal direction use one access circuit B to connect the graphics card B for image input.
  • one graphics card corresponds to one row of display units, and each graphics card output image is processed by an FPGA and a 15 external memory, and the two FPGAs are connected by a synchronization signal to ensure that the upper and lower rows of display units are displayed synchronously.
  • the size of the external memory is two sizes of image data.
  • FIG. 7 A schematic diagram of the hardware circuit structure of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 7.
  • a process for implementing an image processing method for seamlessly splicing a large screen display, and outputting an image of 20 images from each graphics card includes the following steps:
  • the graphics card outputs image data
  • the image segmentation processing module reads the image data in the external memory, divides the image into thousands of image blocks, and adds a gap image to the joint edge portion of each adjacent image block, and the formed image is a sub-image, wherein , the slit 25 gap image and the image of the edge portion of each image block after the division are the same;
  • the image brightness adjustment module adjusts the brightness of the slit image in each sub-image, so that the brightness of each adjacent sub-image is smoothly transitioned at the slit;
  • the sub-image data is transmitted to the corresponding display unit for display through the output module.
  • the image data in the step (1) is a 24-bit true color image, and the image resolution is 2046.
  • step (2) the access interface bandwidth of the access circuit satisfies the bandwidth required for image data transmission.
  • the image segmentation in the step (3) is performed by dividing an image with a resolution of 2046 1534 into image blocks A of 1023 767, image blocks B of 1023 767, image blocks C of 1023 767 767, and 1023 ⁇ 767.
  • the slit images of the respective image blocks are respectively added.
  • the slit image width is one pixel width.
  • the image block A is added with the slit images 601, 602. image
  • 35 blocks B are added with slit images 603, 604.
  • the image block C is added with slit images 605, 606.
  • the image block D is added with slit images 607, 608.
  • the gap image 601 and a pixel width map of the most edge of the image block A The same as 609; 602 is the same as the image 610 of one pixel width of the most edge of the image block A; the slit image 603 is the same as the image 611 of one pixel width of the most edge of the image block B; the image of the slit image 604 and the image block B
  • the image 612 of one pixel width of the most edge line is the same; the image 613 of one pixel width of the most edge column of the image block C is the same; the image 614 of one pixel width of the edge image 606 and the most edge of the image block C
  • the slit image 607 is the same as the image 615 of one pixel width of the most edge column of the image block D; the slit image 60
  • a patch image is formed, which is a sub-image A of 1024 768, a sub-image 1024 of 1024 768, a sub-image C of 1024 768, and a sub-image D of 1024 768.
  • the resolution of the sub-images is consistent with the resolution supported by the display unit.
  • Sub-image formation in step (3) is achieved in one of two ways:
  • Method 1 Copying image data by means of delayed reading.
  • the specific process of image segmentation and slot image addition may be: at the beginning of each line, through the first row in the horizontal direction
  • the access circuit A corresponding to the display unit writes the three primary color data into the external memory, and the image segmentation processing module in the FPGA reads the image data in the external memory, and the image segmentation processing module reads the pixels in each row and the number of rows written.
  • the length of time of the pixel, so that the 1023th pixel read from each line is equivalent to re-reading it again.
  • the second delay circuit composed of the D flip-flop pair is used on the basis of the original first delay circuit.
  • Read where the delay time is also the length of time to read 1 pixel, which is equivalent to reading the 1025th pixel read again, and so on, can add the first row in the horizontal direction It is necessary to divide the gap image between the image blocks.
  • the entire 767 lines are repeatedly read by the delay circuit.
  • the corresponding image data is written into the corresponding memory by the access circuit B corresponding to the second row display unit in the horizontal direction, similar to the data reading mode of the first row display unit image block in the horizontal direction, and the level in the memory is read.
  • the delay pixel is used to realize the repeated reading of the edge pixels at the junction between the image blocks of the second row display unit and the first row of pixels of the image block of the second row display unit. (ie, the repeated reading of the edge row pixels in the second row of display unit image blocks that are connected to the first row of display unit image blocks). In the above manner, all image segmentation is completed and a slit image is added to each image block.
  • Method 2 copying the image data by repeatedly reading the same storage address data.
  • the specific process of image segmentation and the addition of the slot image may be: according to the write data address generated inside the image processing circuit
  • the three primary color data is written into the external memory through the access circuit A, and the data is read by the read data address generated inside the image processing circuit, and the pixel data and the number of rows read per line are counted, and each row is counted.
  • the 1023th pixel is read, the 1023th pixel is repeatedly read once.
  • the 1025th pixel is counted, the 1025th pixel is repeatedly read once.
  • the count reaches the 767th line, the 767th line is repeatedly read once.
  • the three primary colors are written into the corresponding external memory through the access circuit B, and the data is read by the read data address generated inside the image processing circuit, and the pixel data and the number of rows read per line are counted,
  • the line counts to the 1023th pixel read the 1023th pixel is repeatedly read. Take it once.
  • the 1025th pixel is counted, the 1025th pixel is repeatedly read once.
  • the first line of image data is read, the first line is repeatedly read once. In the above manner, all image segmentation is completed and a slit image is added to each image block.
  • the brightness adjustment of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the FPGA counts the pixels read in each row, and under the read clock pulse, the image data of the sub-image is transmitted to the corresponding display unit through the corresponding output circuit for display.
  • the slit images of the sub-image A, the sub-image B, the sub-image C, and the sub-image D are both guided by an optical structure and guided into a gap with an adjacent display unit.
  • the display module in the embodiment is composed of a plurality of spliced display units, each of which is provided with a guiding optical structure, and the guiding optical structure functions to direct the image light range slightly beyond the display unit range, and guide the excess light to In the gap between adjacent display units.
  • the optical structure used in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 9.
  • the overall splicing structure is as shown in FIG. 14.
  • the whole splicing display system is mainly composed of a plurality of rear projection units 11 spliced together, and a splicing exists between two adjacent rear projection units. Slot 12.
  • Each of the rear projection units 11 is configured by the projector 21 and the screen system 22 in order according to the optical path.
  • the screen system 22 is mainly composed of a fixed bracket 23, a Fresnel lens 3 1, and a rear projection screen 25.
  • the Fresnel lens 31 is formed with a groove 32.
  • the surface of the groove 32 may be a smooth surface or a frosted surface.
  • the opening of the groove 32 is directed to the outside, and the groove is close to the inclined surface of the screen and the front surface of the Fresnel lens.
  • the angle is larger than the angle of the edge of the image displayed on the front of the screen.
  • the angle between the inclined surface of the groove away from the screen and the front surface of the Fresnel lens is less than or equal to 60°.
  • the depth of the groove is not directly blocked from the projector and projected onto the screen. Light is appropriate.
  • the range of the light 26 projected by the projector 21 of the present embodiment is slightly enlarged relative to the prior art, slightly exceeding the range of the image displayed by the rear projection screen 25, and the excess light is projected onto the side of the Fresnel lens 31;
  • the groove 32 is formed at the side of the Fresnel lens 31, so that the excess light is projected onto the groove 32.
  • the light 26 projected onto the groove 32 is refracted by the smooth surface of the groove 32 (or scattered by the sand surface), exits to the splicing slit 12, and finally exits from the front of the screen system.
  • the ray 26 of the present embodiment exceeds the value of the image range displayed by the rear projection screen 25, preferably within one pixel or one pixel.
  • the value exceeded is within the above range, and the pixels of the image are not lost while blanking the dark line.
  • the optical structure used in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 10
  • the overall splicing structure is as shown in FIG. 15 .
  • the entire splicing display system is mainly composed of a plurality of rear projection units 11 and a splicing between two adjacent rear projection units. Slot 12.
  • Each of the rear projection units 11 is configured by the projector 21 and the screen system 22 in order according to the optical path.
  • the screen system 22 is mainly composed of a fixed bracket 23, a Fresnel lens 41, a glass plate 42, and a rear projection screen 25, wherein the glass plate 42 is mounted between the Fresnel lens 41 and the fixed bracket 23.
  • the edge edges of the face where the Fresnel lens 41 is in contact with the glass plate 42 are respectively provided with a chamfered corner 43 and a chamfered corner 44, which constitute the optical structure of this embodiment.
  • the angle between the cutting face of the chamfer 43 on the Fresnel lens and the front face of the Fresnel lens is larger than the angle of the corresponding edge light of the image displayed on the front of the screen, on the glass plate
  • the angle between the cutting face of the chamfer 44 and the front side of the Fresnel lens is less than or equal to 60°.
  • the surfaces of the chamfer 43 and the chamfer 44 may each be a smooth surface or a matte surface.
  • the range of the light 26 projected by the projector 21 of the present embodiment is expanded relative to the prior art, slightly exceeding the range of the image displayed by the rear projection screen 25, and the excess light is projected onto the side of the screen system;
  • the side of the screen system is provided with a chamfer 44 and a chamfer 43 so that the excess light is actually projected onto the chamfer 44.
  • the light 26 projected at the chamfer 44 on the glass plate is refracted by the chamfered smooth surface (or scattered by the frosted surface), and then exited to the splicing slit 12 along the outside of the chamfered corner 43 of the Fresnel lens, and finally exits from the front of the screen system. .
  • light arrives at the splicing slit 12 where no light has arrived, thereby blanking the dark line at the splicing slit 12, thereby achieving the effect of visually effectively blanking the spliced image dividing line.
  • the light 26 of the present embodiment exceeds the value of the image range displayed by the rear projection screen 25, which is the same as the embodiment of an optical structure, and is not described herein.
  • the optical structure used in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 11.
  • the overall splicing structure is as shown in FIG. 16.
  • the whole splicing display system is mainly composed of a plurality of rear projection units 11 and spliced together, and there are two adjacent rear projection units.
  • Each of the rear projection units 11 is configured by the projector 21 and the screen system 22 in order according to the optical path.
  • the screen system 22 is mainly composed of a fixed bracket 23, a Fresnel lens 24, and a rear projection screen 25.
  • a scattering layer 5 1 or a light transmissive microstructure layer 52 is formed on the side of the Fresnel lens 24.
  • the range of the light 26 projected by the projector 21 of the present embodiment is expanded relative to the prior art, slightly exceeding the range of the image displayed by the rear projection screen 25, and the excess light is projected onto the side of the screen system; the fork is in this embodiment.
  • the side of the Fresnel lens 24 of the screen system is provided with a scattering layer 51 or a light transmissive microstructure layer 52, so that the excess light is actually projected onto the scattering layer 51 or the light transmissive microstructure layer 52.
  • the light 26 projected onto the scattering layer 5 1 or the light transmissive microstructure layer 52 is scattered by the scattering layer 5 1 or transmitted through the microstructure layer 52, and then exits to the splicing slit 12 and finally exits from the front surface of the screen system.
  • the light transmissive microstructure layer may be a stepped microprism layer parallel to the front surface of the Fresnel lens, or an ordered poly microsphere layer such as a microsphere defect layer or a micro pyramid layer.
  • the light 26 of this embodiment exceeds the value of the image range displayed by the rear projection screen 25, which is the same as the first optical structure embodiment, and is not described herein.
  • the optical structure used in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 12, and the overall splicing structure is as shown in FIG. 17.
  • the whole splicing display system is mainly composed of a plurality of rear projection units 1 1 spliced together, and there is one between two adjacent rear projection units. Splicing the slit 12.
  • Each of the rear projection units 11 is configured by the projector 21 and the screen system 22 in order according to the optical path.
  • the screen system 22 is mainly composed of a fixed bracket 23, a Fischer lens 24, and a rear projection screen 25. At the position where the Fresnel lens 24 is in contact with the fixing bracket 23, a wedge 61 is provided adjacent to the fixing bracket 23, and the wedge cannot block the edge light projected to the front of the screen.
  • the range of the light 26 projected by the projector 21 of the present embodiment is expanded relative to the prior art, slightly exceeding the range of the image displayed by the rear projection screen 25, beyond the edge of the light projection screen system; as in this embodiment,
  • the wedge 61 is disposed on the edge of the screen system, so that the excess light is actually projected onto the wedge 61.
  • the light 26 projected onto the wedge 61 is refracted by the surface of the wedge 61, and is incident on the Fresnel at an angle different from that of the wedge 61.
  • the side surface of the lens 24 is such that it avoids total reflection on the side and can be transmitted from the side and incident on the splicing slit 12, and finally exits from the front of the screen system.
  • the fixing bracket 23 or the end of the fixing bracket contacting the screen system may further be made of a light-transmitting material, for example, the material of the fixing bracket 23 is changed into a light-transmitting material, or the fixing bracket 23 is in contact with the screen system. The material at one end is replaced by a light transmissive material to increase the amount of light transmitted into the splicing gap.
  • the light 26 of this embodiment exceeds the value of the image range displayed by the rear projection screen 25, which is the same as the first optical structure embodiment, and will not be described herein.
  • the structure of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 13.
  • the whole splicing display system is composed of a plurality of rear projection units spliced together, and a splicing seam exists between two adjacent rear projection units.
  • Each of the rear projection units is configured by the projector and the screen system in sequence according to the optical path.
  • the screen system includes a fixing bracket 23, and an outer glass plate 70, a rear projection screen 25, a Fresnel lens 71, and a light transmissive plate 72, which are sequentially fixedly connected, wherein the light transmissive plate 72 is disposed inside the Fresnel lens 71 and mounted on Between the Fischer lens 71 and the fixed bracket 23.
  • the Fresnel lens 71 corresponds to the projector, and the projection range of each projector is aligned with its corresponding Fresnel lens; the Fresnel lenses of the adjacent two screen systems are spliced to each other.
  • the outer glass plate 70, the rear projection screen 25, and the light transmissive plate 72 are also respectively used in correspondence with the projector, and are used by a single rear projection unit.
  • the range of the ray 26 projected by the projector 21 used in the present invention is expanded relative to the prior art, beyond the range of the image displayed by the rear projection screen 25, beyond Part of the light is projected onto the side of the screen system; the invention provides a chamfer on the side of the Fresnel lens 71 which is spliced to each other, the chamfer angle is set around the Fresnel lens near the side of the projector, and a chamfer is provided.
  • the cutting surface can be a flat surface or an arbitrary curved surface.
  • the cutting surface penetrates as far as possible into the middle of the film, but it cannot affect the projection light corresponding to the edge of the image displayed on the front side of the projection screen in the Fresnel lens, that is, the depth of the cut angle is smaller than the edge of the image displayed on the front of the screen system.
  • the inner surface of the Neel lens refracts and propagates the path so that the chamfer does not affect the image on the front of the screen.
  • the corresponding edge ray is refracted from the Fresnel lens and projected onto the front of the screen.
  • a small portion of the light that exceeds the range of the image displayed by the rear projection screen 25 is projected onto the cutting surface and the edge of the light-transmitting plate 72, and the light projected onto the cutting surface of the Fresnel lens 71 is refracted or scattered by the cutting surface and then enters the splicing seam.
  • the light projected onto the edge of the light-transmitting plate 72 is emitted from the outer edge of the cutting surface of the Fresnel lens 71 to the splicing seam, and the light enters the splicing seam, illuminates the splicing seam, and is then ejected to the screen system through the splicing seam.
  • the front side; thus, the stitching seam 12 in Fig. 1 where no light has arrived is illuminated, thereby eliminating the black line at the stitching seam 12, thereby achieving the beneficial effect of effectively eliminating the image stitching seam.
  • the light 26 exceeds the value of the image range displayed by the rear projection screen 25, preferably within one pixel, more preferably within 0.5 pixels. If the value exceeds the above range, the black line of the stitching seam can be eliminated, and the pixels of the image are not lost.
  • the splicing structure shown in FIG. 13 belongs to a case where the splicing gap is relatively large; in this case, it is preferable to provide a scattering sheet made of a scattering material or a rough surface in the splicing slit, or may be filled in the splicing seam.
  • a scattering layer made of a scattering material, a diffusing sheet or a scattering layer guides the light entering the stitching seam to the front of the screen system, eliminating the black line of the stitching The effect will be better.
  • the diffusing sheet may be disposed in the seam or the fixed connecting portion of the screen itself, as shown in FIG. 22; at this time, the projected light entering the stitching may propagate along the diffusing sheet and then exit from the front of the screen. , Participate in the image display of the entire splicing screen, eliminating the stitching of the image.
  • the present invention can also be applied to a splicing structure in which the splicing seam is smaller, and the outer glass plate 70, the rear projection screen 25, and the light transmissive plate 72 respectively correspond to the projector, as shown in Fig. 18.
  • the invention can also be applied to a smaller splicing seam, and the outer glass plate 70 is shared by a plurality of rear projection units, and the rear projection screen 25 and the light transmissive plate 72 respectively correspond to the projector-splicing structure, as shown in FIG. Shown.
  • the invention can also be applied to the splicing seam being smaller, and the outer glass plate 70 and the rear projection screen 25 are shared by a plurality of rear projection units, and the light transmissive plate 72 and the projector are correspondingly arranged in the splicing structure, as shown in FIG. 20 Shown.
  • the invention can also be applied to a splicing structure in which the splicing seam is smaller, and the outer glass plate 70, the rear projection screen 25, and the light transmissive plate 72 are shared by a plurality of rear projection units, as shown in FIG.
  • the screen system of the present invention may have no outer glass sheet 70.
  • the outer glass plate 70 and the light transmissive plate 72 may be organic glass or any other plate that transmits light.
  • the light-transmitting plate 72 uses a material similar to that of the Fresnel lens 71, it may be in a form integral with the Fresnel lens 7, and the chamfered surface of the Fresnel lens is deformed into a groove on the side thereof. structure.

Abstract

An image processing method and device for realizing seamless splice large screen display are provided. The method includes that: an image is divided into some image blocks by an image division processing module, and a gap image is added to the joint edge part of each adjacent image block, the formed image is a sub image. In which, the gap image is the same as the image of the edge part of the respective divided image block; after an illumination adjustment, each sub image is projected on the corresponding display unit to be displayed; and the gap image of each adjacent image is guided to the gap between the adjacent display units through the guiding optical structure of the display unit and the splice gap of the display unit is illuminated, so that the image display also exists in the splice gap. By using the invention, the seamless splice is actually realized without the loss of the image pixels, so that the image transition between the splice display units is natural and smooth, and the whole display effect is better.

Description

无缝拼接显示系统的图像处理方法及其装置  Image processing method and device for seamless mosaic display system
【技术领域】 [Technical Field]
本发明涉及显示屏图像处理领域, 特别涉及一种实现拼接大屏幕显示的图像处理方 法及其装置。  The present invention relates to the field of display screen image processing, and more particularly to an image processing method and apparatus for realizing splicing large screen display.
【背景技术】 【Background technique】
随着人们对显示信息传递需求的提升, 大屏幕显示的应用领域已经遍及公众显示、 交通运输调度指挥、 气象监控、 电力电信监控、 消防监控指挥、 军事指挥等各个领域。  With the increasing demand for display information transmission, the application fields of large-screen display have spread to various fields such as public display, traffic dispatching command, meteorological monitoring, power telecommunication monitoring, fire monitoring command, and military command.
现有的大屏幕显示技术主要通过堆叠的方式, 将多个显示单元进行组合拼接显示。 拼接大屏幕的优点在于能提高显示的系统分辨率、 增大显示面积、 可实现整个显示 屏显示一幅完整的图片, 也可以在显示屏的任意位置打开窗口等, 但同时也存在其缺点, 就是在各个显示单元的连接处存在明显的物理连接缝, 在实际启动显示时, 体现为黑线, 破坏了图像的整体效果。  The existing large-screen display technology mainly combines and displays a plurality of display units by stacking. The advantage of splicing a large screen is that it can improve the resolution of the display system, increase the display area, display a complete picture on the entire display screen, or open a window at any position on the display screen, but at the same time, it has its shortcomings. That is, there is a clear physical joint at the joint of each display unit, which is reflected as a black line when the display is actually activated, which destroys the overall effect of the image.
中国专利 CN1688160A公开了大屏幕上拼接显示的图像边缘融合方法, 其通过将一 幅画面分割成多个子图像, 各相邻的子图像衔接边缘部分具有相同的图像内容, 投影图 像时将具有相同图像内容的边缘部分重叠, 同时采用光学 (物理) 调制和电子增益调节 对重叠区域进行亮度均匀化处理。 采用相邻子图像相同图像部分重叠投影的方式, 容易 在连接缝处造成部分像素无法准确重合, 形成重影。 电子方式调整像素位置导致图像扭 曲模糊, 在图像重叠拼接区大视角观看仍存在亮暗差, 拼接痕迹明显。  Chinese patent CN1688160A discloses an image edge fusion method for splicing display on a large screen, which divides a picture into a plurality of sub-images, each adjacent sub-image connection edge portion has the same image content, and the same image is projected when the image is projected The edges of the content are partially overlapped, and the overlapping regions are brightness-homogenized using optical (physical) modulation and electronic gain adjustment. By adopting the overlapping projection of the same image of adjacent sub-images, it is easy to cause partial pixels to be accurately overlapped at the joint seam to form a ghost image. Electronically adjusting the pixel position causes the image to be warped, and there is still a bright and dark difference in the large angle of view of the overlapping areas of the image, and the stitching marks are obvious.
如图 1所示, 整个拼接显示系统由多个显示单元 11紧密拼接组成, 相邻两个显示单元 间存在一条拼接缝 12 , 该拼接缝可以是实际的物理间隙, 也可能是由屏幕连接材料所间 隔。 如图 2, 每个显示单元 11由投影机 21及屏幕系统 22按照光路依次设置构成, 为了减小 系统厚度, 多数情况下在投影机 21及屏幕系统 22之间还安装有反光镜, 这里从略。 屏幕 系统 22主要包括固定支架 23、 菲涅尔透镜 24、 背投影屏幕 25 ; 其中背投影屏幕 25可以与 屏幕系统 22——对应, 即只覆盖一个菲涅尔透镜 24, 也可以做成一块大屏幕, 由多个显 示单元所共用, 覆盖多个菲涅尔透镜。 在每个显示单元 11中, 投影机 21发出的投影光线 26穿过菲涅尔透镜 24并被菲涅尔透镜 24折射, 然后垂直地投向背投影屏幕 25 , 在背投影 屏幕 25的作用下按合理的角度分布从背投影屏幕 25的正面射出。 投影光线 26的范围恰巧 覆盖满一个屏幕系统所对应的背投影屏幕区域。 由于安装固定以及屏幕系统 22位置调整 的需要, 两个屏幕系统之间始终存在一定的拼接缝 12。 因为没有投影光线到达此拼接缝 12 , 在拼接的图像上拼接缝 12处就形成了一条黑线, 从而导致出现图像分割的现象。  As shown in FIG. 1 , the entire splicing display system is composed of a plurality of display units 11 , and a splicing seam 12 exists between two adjacent display units, and the splicing seam may be an actual physical gap or a screen. The connecting materials are spaced apart. As shown in FIG. 2, each display unit 11 is sequentially arranged by the projector 21 and the screen system 22 in accordance with the optical path. In order to reduce the thickness of the system, a mirror is also installed between the projector 21 and the screen system 22 in many cases. slightly. The screen system 22 mainly includes a fixed bracket 23, a Fresnel lens 24, and a rear projection screen 25; wherein the rear projection screen 25 can correspond to the screen system 22, that is, only one Fresnel lens 24 is covered, or a large one can be made The screen, shared by multiple display units, covers a plurality of Fresnel lenses. In each display unit 11, the projected light 26 emitted by the projector 21 passes through the Fresnel lens 24 and is refracted by the Fresnel lens 24, and then vertically projected to the rear projection screen 25, which is pressed by the rear projection screen 25. A reasonable angular distribution is emitted from the front side of the rear projection screen 25. The range of projected light 26 coincides with the area of the rear projection screen corresponding to a screen system. Due to the need for mounting and the adjustment of the position of the screen system 22, there is always a certain seam 12 between the two screen systems. Since no projection light reaches the splicing seam 12, a black line is formed at the splicing seam 12 on the spliced image, resulting in image segmentation.
因此, 提供一种可真正实现无缝拼接的无像素丢失的大屏幕显示图像处理方法及其 装置实为必要。  Therefore, it is necessary to provide a large-screen display image processing method and apparatus for realizing seamless stitching without pixel loss.
【发明内容】 本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺点与不足, 提供一种无像素丢失、 真正实现无 缝拼接的大屏幕显示的图像处理方法及其装置。 [Summary of the Invention] The object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide an image processing method and apparatus for large-screen display without pixel loss and real seamless stitching.
为实现本发明目的, 提供以下技术方案:  In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the following technical solutions are provided:
提供一种实现无缝拼接大屏幕显示的图像处理装置, 其包括依次连接的接入模块、 存储模块、 图像分割处理模块、 图像亮度调节模块、 输出模块、 显示模块。  An image processing apparatus for seamlessly splicing a large screen display is provided, which includes an access module, a storage module, an image segmentation processing module, an image brightness adjustment module, an output module, and a display module that are sequentially connected.
所述图像分割处理模块的作用在于, 将从显卡接入的图像分割成若干图像块, 然后 在每个相邻图像块的衔接边缘部分均增加上缝隙图像, 形成的图像为子图像。 其中, 缝 隙图像是复制分割后各自图像块边缘部分的图像。 缝隙图像可为 1~3个像素宽度, 优选 1 个像素宽度。  The image segmentation processing module functions to divide an image accessed from the graphics card into a plurality of image blocks, and then add a slot image to the connecting edge portion of each adjacent image block, and the formed image is a sub-image. Among them, the slit image is an image in which the edge portion of each image block after copying is copied. The slit image may have a width of 1 to 3 pixels, preferably 1 pixel width.
所述输出模块中输出电路的数目与所述分割成的图像块数目相同, 每个子图像通过 相应的一个显示单元进行显示。 具体可以参见公开号为 CN101404151 A专利。  The number of output circuits in the output module is the same as the number of divided image blocks, and each sub-image is displayed by a corresponding one of the display units. For details, see the publication No. CN101404151 A.
所述显示模块由多个拼接显示单元组成, 其中相邻两个显示单元间存在拼接缝, 每 个显示单元由投影机及屏幕系统按照光路依次设置构成, 屏幕系统包括固定支架、 菲涅 尔透镜、 背投影屏幕, 相邻两个屏幕系统的菲涅尔透镜之间相互拼接, 所述投影机投射 出的光线范围超出背投影屏幕显示图像范围, 超出部分的光线投射到屏幕系统側面; 所 述投影机投射出的光线范围超出背投影屏幕显示图像的范围优选一个像素或一个像素以 内。  The display module is composed of a plurality of splicing display units, wherein there are splicing seams between two adjacent display units, and each display unit is sequentially arranged by the projector and the screen system according to the optical path, and the screen system comprises a fixed bracket, Fresnel The lens, the rear projection screen, and the Fresnel lenses of two adjacent screen systems are spliced together, the range of light projected by the projector exceeds the range of the image displayed on the rear projection screen, and the excess light is projected to the side of the screen system; The range of light projected by the projector exceeds the range of the image displayed by the rear projection screen, preferably within one pixel or one pixel.
各显示单元中设有引导光学结构, 所述引导光学结构的作用在于将投影图像光线范 围略超过显示单元范围的光线引导到与相邻显示单元间的缝隙中。 超出显示单元的图像 范围优选为一个像素。  A guiding optical structure is provided in each of the display units, and the guiding optical structure functions to direct light having a projected image light range slightly exceeding the range of the display unit into a gap between the adjacent display units. The image range beyond the display unit is preferably one pixel.
该引导光学结构可实现方式: 该引导光学结构可以是设置在屏幕系统侧面的散射光 学结构或折射光学结构。  The guiding optical structure can be implemented: The guiding optical structure can be a scattered optical structure or a refractive optical structure disposed on the side of the screen system.
所述光学结构为在菲涅尔透镜边缘上设置的沟槽, 沟槽表面为光滑面或磨砂面; 所 述沟槽的开口指向外側, 沟槽靠近屏幕的倾斜面与菲涅尔透镜正面的夹角大于屏幕正面 显示图像对应边缘光线的角度, 沟槽远离屏幕的倾斜面与菲涅尔透镜正面的夹角小于或 等于 60° 。  The optical structure is a groove provided on the edge of the Fresnel lens, the groove surface is a smooth surface or a frosted surface; the opening of the groove is directed to the outside, the groove is close to the inclined surface of the screen and the front surface of the Fresnel lens The angle is larger than the angle of the edge light of the image displayed on the front of the screen, and the angle between the inclined surface of the groove away from the screen and the front surface of the Fresnel lens is less than or equal to 60°.
上述屏幕系统还包括设在菲涅尔透镜与固定支架间的玻璃板; 所述光学结构为在菲 涅尔透镜相互拼接的側面设有切角, 所述菲涅尔透镜側面的切角设置于菲涅耳透镜的四 周靠近投影机一侧, 其深度小于屏幕系统正面显示图像边缘对应的光线在菲涅尔透镜内 部折射和传播路径位置, 以不影响屏幕系统正面显示图像边缘对应的光线在菲涅尔透镜 内部折射和传播为宜。 所述切角的切割面为平面或曲面。  The screen system further includes a glass plate disposed between the Fresnel lens and the fixed bracket; the optical structure is provided with a chamfered surface on a side where the Fresnel lenses are spliced to each other, and a chamfered surface of the Fresnel lens is disposed at The Fresnel lens is close to the side of the projector, and its depth is smaller than that of the edge of the screen system. The corresponding light of the edge of the image is reflected and propagated in the Fresnel lens, so as not to affect the edge of the screen system. The internal refraction and propagation of the Neel lens is appropriate. The cutting surface of the chamfer is a plane or a curved surface.
或所述光学结构是在菲涅尔透镜和玻璃板相接触的面的边缘棱上所分别设置的切 角, 或为设置在玻璃板侧面上的散射层或透光微结构层; 切角的切削面为光滑面或磨砂 面, 菲涅尔透镜上切角的切削面与菲涅尔透镜正面的夹角大于屏幕正面显示图像对应边 缘光线的角度, 玻璃板上切角的切削面与菲涅尔透镜正面的夹角小于或等于 60° 。  Or the optical structure is a chamfer provided on an edge edge of a surface where the Fresnel lens and the glass plate are in contact, or a scattering layer or a light transmissive microstructure layer disposed on a side of the glass plate; The cutting surface is a smooth surface or a frosted surface. The angle between the cutting surface of the Fresnel lens and the front surface of the Fresnel lens is larger than the angle of the edge of the image displayed on the front of the screen, and the cutting surface of the glass plate is opposite to Fresnel. The angle between the front side of the lens is less than or equal to 60°.
所述光学结构可以是设置在菲涅尔透镜侧面的散射层或散射片或透光微结构层, 以 使投射到拼接缝内的光线得到适当的散射, 以便与屏幕正面出射的光线相适应。 所述光 学结构还可以设置有引导光线向屏幕系统正面传播的透光薄片, 该薄片可引导进入所述 拼缝的光线从屏幕系统的正面射出。 所述散射片或透光薄片可以是屏幕系统的固定连接 部分。 其中透光微结构层优选平行于菲涅尔透镜正面的台阶状微棱镜层, 也可用有序排 列的微球缺层、 微锥体层。 所述屏幕系统还包括设置在菲涅耳透镜内侧的透光板。 The optical structure may be a scattering layer or a scattering sheet or a light transmissive microstructure layer disposed on a side of the Fresnel lens The light projected into the splicing seam is suitably scattered to match the light emerging from the front of the screen. The optical structure may also be provided with a light transmissive sheet that directs light to propagate toward the front of the screen system, the sheet directing light entering the seam to exit from the front of the screen system. The diffuser or light transmissive sheet may be a fixed connection portion of the screen system. The light transmissive microstructure layer is preferably parallel to the stepped microprism layer on the front side of the Fresnel lens, and the microsphere missing layer and the micro cone layer may be arranged in an ordered manner. The screen system also includes a light transmissive plate disposed inside the Fresnel lens.
所述光学结构还可以是在屏幕系统与固定支架相接触的位置靠近固定支架处所设置 的折射光楔; 此时固定支架可为透光固定支架, 或者为与屏幕系统接触的一端是透光的 固定支架。  The optical structure may also be a refracting wedge disposed near the fixed bracket at a position where the screen system is in contact with the fixed bracket; at this time, the fixing bracket may be a light-transmitting fixing bracket, or the end that is in contact with the screen system is transparent. Fix the bracket.
本方案的作用原理为: 在现有的背投影显示单元基础上, 首先使投影机投射出的光 线范围稍微扩大, 略超出背投影屏幕显示图象的范围(超出量在一个像素以内), 超出部 分的光线投射到屏幕系统的侧面。 并在所述屏幕系统的侧面设置特定的光学结构, 使投 射到屏幕系统侧面的光线通过这些光学结构后, 以一定角度出射到拼接缝隙, 再从背投 影屏幕的正面射出。 本发明还提供一种实现无缝拼接大屏幕显示的图像处理方法, 包括以下步骤: The working principle of the scheme is as follows: On the basis of the existing rear projection display unit, firstly, the range of light projected by the projector is slightly enlarged, slightly exceeding the range of the image displayed on the rear projection screen (the amount exceeds one pixel), beyond Part of the light is projected to the side of the screen system. And a specific optical structure is disposed on the side of the screen system, so that the light projected to the side of the screen system passes through the optical structures, and then exits to the splicing gap at a certain angle, and then exits from the front surface of the rear projection screen. The invention also provides an image processing method for realizing seamless splicing large screen display, comprising the following steps:
( 1 ) 图像数据经过接入模块写入存储模块; (1) image data is written into the storage module through the access module;
( 2 )图像分割处理模块读取存储模块中图像数据, 将图像分割成若干图像块, 并在 每个相邻图像块的衔接边缘部分均增加上缝隙图像, 形成的图像为子图像, 其中, 缝隙 图像和分割后各自图像块边缘部分的图像相同;  (2) The image segmentation processing module reads the image data in the storage module, divides the image into a plurality of image blocks, and adds a gap image to the connecting edge portion of each adjacent image block, and the formed image is a sub-image, wherein The slit image is the same as the image of the edge portion of each image block after the segmentation;
( 3 )图像亮度调节模块对各子图像中的缝隙图像的亮度进行调节, 使各相邻子图像 在缝隙处亮度实现平滑过渡;  (3) The image brightness adjustment module adjusts the brightness of the slit image in each sub-image, so that the brightness of each adjacent sub-image is smoothly transitioned at the slit;
( 4 ) 子图像数据通过输出模块, 将子图像传到相应的显示单元进行显示。  (4) The sub-image data is transmitted to the corresponding display unit for display through the output module.
当拼接大屏幕为由水平方向上排成一排的若千个显示单元组成的拼接方式, 接入模 块可为一路或多路接入电路进行图像数据输入。 存储模块的存储方式可以采用内设存储 器模块存储图像数据或外接存储器存储图像数据。 可以采用延时读取的方式实现图像数 据的复制, 或采用重复读取同一存储地址数据的方式实现图像数据的复制。  When the splicing large screen is a splicing manner consisting of thousands of display units arranged in a row in the horizontal direction, the access module can input image data for one or more access circuits. The memory module can be stored by using a built-in memory module to store image data or an external memory to store image data. The image data can be copied by means of delayed reading, or the image data can be copied by repeatedly reading the same storage address data.
一, 采用延时读取的方式实现图像数据的复制时, 所述步骤(2 ) 中, 图像分割以及 缝隙图像的添加的具体过程可为: 图像分割处理模块对存储模块内图像数据进行读取, 同时对每行读取的像素进行计数, 当读完每行的第 N个像素后, 就通过图像分割处理模 块中一个由 D触发器构成的第一延时电路对数据进行读取 其中延时时间为读取 A个像素 的时间长度, 这样, 从每行读取的第 N-A+1个像素到第 N个像素相当于重新读取了一遍。 当读取完每行第 N+2A个像素 (即 DVI输出的第 N+A个像素)后, 就在原来的第一延时电 路基础上再通过一个由 D触发器构成的第二延时电路对数据进行读取, 其中延时时间也 为读取 A个像素的时间长度, 这样就相当于读取的第 N+A+1到第 N+2A个像素重新读取了 一遍, 如此类推, 可以完成图像分割以及给各个图像块添加缝隙图像。 其中, N为分割 的图像块每行的像素个数, 由用户根据实际需要进行设定; A为缝隙图像的像素宽度个 数, 可为 1或 2或 3 , 优选为 1。 When the image data is copied by using the delayed reading method, the specific process of image segmentation and the addition of the slot image in the step (2) may be: the image segmentation processing module reads the image data in the storage module. At the same time, the pixels read in each row are counted. After reading the Nth pixel of each row, the data is read by the first delay circuit formed by the D flip-flop in the image segmentation processing module. The time is the length of time for reading A pixels, so that the N-A+1th pixel to the Nth pixel read from each line is equivalent to re-reading once. After reading the N+2A pixels of each row (ie, the N+A pixels of the DVI output), the second delay formed by the D flip-flop is performed on the basis of the original first delay circuit. The circuit reads the data, wherein the delay time is also the length of time for reading A pixels, which is equivalent to reading the N+A+1 to N+2A pixels read again, and so on. , you can complete image segmentation and add gap images to each image block. Where N is the number of pixels per line of the divided image block, which is set by the user according to actual needs; A is the pixel width of the slit image The number may be 1 or 2 or 3, preferably 1.
二, 釆用重复读取同一存储地址数据的方式实现图像数据的复制时, 所述步骤 (2 ) 中, 图像分割以及缝隙图像的添加的具体过程可为: 通过图像分割处理模块产生的读数 据地址, 对数据进行读取, 同时对每行读取的像素数据进行计数, 计数到分割图像块的 边缘像素 (即图像块间拼接的像素) 时, 对边缘像素进行重复读取。 只在拼接边缘像素 处进行重复读取, 其他像素直接依次读取即可。 每行数据都重复上述操作, 完成图像分 割以及给各个图像块添加缝隙图像。  Second, when the image data is copied by repeatedly reading the same storage address data, the specific process of image segmentation and the addition of the slot image in the step (2) may be: reading data generated by the image segmentation processing module The address, the data is read, and the pixel data read in each row is counted, and when the edge pixels of the divided image block (that is, the pixels spliced between the image blocks) are counted, the edge pixels are repeatedly read. Repeat reading only at the edge pixels of the stitching, and other pixels can be read directly. The above operation is repeated for each line of data, image segmentation is completed, and a slit image is added to each image block.
当拼接大屏幕为由水平方向和垂直方向若千个显示单元组成的拼接方式, 为了避免 由于图像釆集速度跟不上显示要求, 有显示单元出现空白屏的状况, 垂直方向上的接入 电路是分开的, 即垂直方向上的任意显示单元不共用同一接入电路。 存储模块的存储方 式可以采用内设存储器模块存储图像数据或外接存储器存储图像数据。 可以采用延时读 取的方式实现图像数据的复制, 或采用重复读取同一存储地址数据的方式实现图像数据 的复制,  When the splicing large screen is a splicing method composed of thousands of display units in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, in order to avoid the situation that the display unit appears blank screen due to the image collection speed cannot keep up with the display requirement, the access circuit in the vertical direction It is separate, that is, any display unit in the vertical direction does not share the same access circuit. The storage module can store the image data or the external memory to store the image data by using the built-in memory module. The image data can be copied by means of delayed reading, or the image data can be copied by repeatedly reading the same storage address data.
一, 釆用延时读取的方式实现图像数据的复制时, 所述步骤(2 ) 中, 图像分割以及 缝隙图像的添加的具体过程可为: 通过水平方向上第一排显示单元对应的接入电路, 每 行开始时, 将三原色数据写入存储模块, 图像分割处理模块对存储器内图像数据进行读 取, 同时图像分割处理模块对每行读取的像素以及写入的行数进行计数, 当读取完每行 的第 N个像素后, 就通过图像分割处理模块中一个由 D触发器构成的第一延时电路对数据 进行读取, 其中延时时间为读取 A个像素的时间长度, 这样, 从每行读取的第 N-A+1个 像素到第 N个像素相当于重新读取了一遍。 当读取完每行第 N+2A个像素 (即 DVI输出的 第 N+A个像素) 后, 就在原来的第一延时电路基础上再通过一个由 D触发器构成的第二 延时电路对数据进行读取, 其中延时时间也为读取 A个像素的时间长度, 这样就相当于 读取的第 N+A+1到第 N+2A个像素重新读取了一遍, 如此类推, 可以完成添加氷平方向 上第一排的所需分割图像块间的缝隙图像。 其中, N为分割的图像块每行的像素个数, 由用户根据实际需要进行设定; A为缝隙图像的像素宽度个数, 可为 1或 2或 3, 优选为 1。 当计算到读取的行数为分割的图像块的边缘行即第一排显示单元图像块中与第二排显示 单元拼接的边缘行时, 同样通过延时电路实现整个边缘行的重复读取。 通过水平方向上 第二排显示单元的接入电路将相应的图像数据写入存储器, 跟水平方向上第一排显示单 元图像块数据读取方式相似, 读取存储器中水平方向上第二排显示单元图像块图像数据 时, 通过延时电路, 实现第二排显示单元图像块中与第一排显示单元图像块连接处的边 缘行像素的重复读取、 第二排显示单元图像块之间连接处的边缘像素的重复读取、 第二 排显示单元图像块中与第三排显示单元图像块连接处的边缘像素的重复读取。 如此类 推, 完成所有图像分割以及给各个图像块添加缝隙图像。  1. In the step (2), the specific process of image segmentation and the addition of the slot image may be: by the first row of display units in the horizontal direction. Into the circuit, at the beginning of each line, the three primary color data is written into the storage module, the image segmentation processing module reads the image data in the memory, and the image segmentation processing module counts the pixels read per line and the number of written lines. After reading the Nth pixel of each row, the data is read by a first delay circuit composed of a D flip-flop in the image segmentation processing module, wherein the delay time is the time for reading A pixels. The length, such that the N-A+1th pixel to the Nth pixel read from each line is equivalent to re-reading once. After reading the N+2A pixels of each row (ie, the N+A pixels of the DVI output), the second delay formed by the D flip-flop is performed on the basis of the original first delay circuit. The circuit reads the data, wherein the delay time is also the length of time for reading A pixels, which is equivalent to reading the N+A+1 to N+2A pixels read again, and so on. , it is possible to add a gap image between the desired divided image blocks in the first row of ice squares. Where N is the number of pixels per line of the divided image block, which is set by the user according to actual needs; A is the number of pixel widths of the slit image, which may be 1 or 2 or 3, preferably 1. When it is calculated that the number of lines read is the edge line of the divided image block, that is, the edge line spliced with the second row display unit in the first row of display unit image blocks, the same edge row is repeatedly read by the delay circuit. . The corresponding image data is written into the memory through the access circuit of the second row display unit in the horizontal direction, similar to the data reading mode of the first row display unit image block in the horizontal direction, and the second row display in the horizontal direction of the read memory is read. In the case of the unit image block image data, the delay reading circuit realizes the repeated reading of the edge line pixels at the junction of the image block of the first row of display unit blocks and the image block of the second row of the display unit image blocks. Repeat reading of the edge pixels at the position, and repeated reading of the edge pixels at the junction of the image block of the third row display unit image block in the second row. As such, all image segmentation is done and a gap image is added to each image block.
二, 采用重复读取同一存储地址数据的方式实现图像数据的复制时, 所述步骤 (2 ) 中, 图像分割以及缝隙图像的添加的具体过程可为: 根据图像分割处理模块内部产生的 写数据地址, 对通过各相应的接入电路将三原色数据进行写入存储器, 通过图像分割处 理模块内部产生的读数据地址, 对数据进行读取, 同时对每行读取的像素数据以及行数 进行计数, 计数到分割图像块间拼接处的边缘像素时, 对边缘像素进行重复读取。 通过 上述方法, 完成所有图像分割以及给各个图像块添加缝隙图像。 Second, when the image data is copied by repeatedly reading the same storage address data, the specific process of image segmentation and the addition of the slot image in the step (2) may be: writing data generated internally by the image segmentation processing module Address, writes the three primary colors into the memory through each corresponding access circuit, through the image segmentation The read data address generated inside the module, the data is read, and the pixel data and the number of rows read in each row are counted, and when the edge pixels at the splicing position between the divided image blocks are counted, the edge pixels are repeatedly read. . Through the above method, all image segmentation is completed and a slit image is added to each image block.
所述步骤 (2 ) 中, 子图像的分辨率与显示单元支持的分辨率相符。  In the step (2), the resolution of the sub-image matches the resolution supported by the display unit.
所述步骤(3 ) 中, 图像亮度调节的方法, 包括平均值法、 加权平滑法、 伽玛曲线调 节法等。  In the step (3), the method for adjusting the brightness of the image includes an average value method, a weighted smoothing method, a gamma curve adjustment method, and the like.
所述步驟(4 ) 包括, 对经过亮度调节后的输出像素个数进行计数, 传到相应显示单 元进行显示, 各相邻子图像的缝隙图像经过引导光学结构, 引导到与相邻显示单元间的 缝隙中, 使显示单元拼接缝隙处所形成的暗线变亮。  The step (4) includes: counting the number of output pixels after the brightness adjustment, and transmitting the number of output pixels to the corresponding display unit for display, and the gap image of each adjacent sub-image is guided to the adjacent display unit through the guiding optical structure. In the gap, the dark line formed by the display unit splicing gap is brightened.
对比现有技术, 本发明具有以下优点:  Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
与现有技术相比, 本发明通过在分割的图像块边缘增加缝隙图像, 防止了图像像素 的丢失, 同时, 本发明可使投影光到达原来没有光到达的拼接缝隙处, 从而消隐了拼接 缝隙处的暗线, 达到视觉上有效消隐拼接图像分割线的效果, 真正实现了无缝拼接使图 像完整再现, 使得拼接显示单元间图像过渡更自然平滑, 整体显示效果更好。 本发明提 供的光学结构可以有多种形式, 结构简单, 工艺可行性好, 成本增加少, 利于推广应用。 本发明提供的拼接显示屏, 可以一个背投影单元单独使用一块背投影屏幕, 也可以多个 背投影单元共用一块背投影屏幕, 而且后者更能体现本发明的优越性。  Compared with the prior art, the present invention prevents the loss of image pixels by adding a slit image at the edge of the divided image block. At the same time, the present invention can make the projection light reach the splicing gap where the light does not arrive, thereby blanking the splicing. The dark line at the gap achieves the effect of visually effectively splicing the spliced image dividing line, realizing seamless splicing to completely reproduce the image, making the image transition between the splicing display units more natural and smooth, and the overall display effect is better. The optical structure provided by the invention can be in various forms, has a simple structure, is good in process feasibility, and has low cost increase, and is advantageous for popularization and application. The spliced display screen provided by the invention can use a rear projection screen separately for one rear projection unit, or a rear projection screen can be shared by a plurality of rear projection units, and the latter can better embody the advantages of the invention.
【附图说明】 [Description of the Drawings]
图 1为现有拼接显示系统的结构示意图;  1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional splicing display system;
图 2为现有技术中单个背投影单元的结构示意图;  2 is a schematic structural view of a single rear projection unit in the prior art;
图 3是本发明图像处理装置的结构示意图;  3 is a schematic structural view of an image processing apparatus of the present invention;
图 4是本发明图像处理方法的流程示意图;  4 is a schematic flow chart of an image processing method of the present invention;
图 5是本发明实施例一的硬件结构示意图;  FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of hardware according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; FIG.
图 6是本发明实施例一的子图像的示意图;  6 is a schematic diagram of a sub-image according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图 7是本发明实施例二的硬件结构示意图;  7 is a schematic structural diagram of hardware according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图 8是本发明实施例二的子图像的示意图;  8 is a schematic diagram of a sub-image according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图 9是本发明的第一种光学结构的示意图;  Figure 9 is a schematic illustration of a first optical structure of the present invention;
图 10是本发明的第二种光学结构的示意图;  Figure 10 is a schematic illustration of a second optical structure of the present invention;
图 11是本发明的第三种光学结构的示意图;  Figure 11 is a schematic illustration of a third optical structure of the present invention;
图 12是本发明的第四种光学结构的示意图;  Figure 12 is a schematic illustration of a fourth optical structure of the present invention;
图 13是本发明的第五种光学结构的示意图;  Figure 13 is a schematic illustration of a fifth optical structure of the present invention;
图 14是采用第一种光学结构的屏幕拼接结构示意图;  Figure 14 is a schematic view showing a screen splicing structure using the first optical structure;
图 15是采用第二种光学结构的屏幕拼接结构示意图;  Figure 15 is a schematic view showing a screen splicing structure using a second optical structure;
图 16是采用第三种光学结构的屏幕拼接结构示意图;  Figure 16 is a schematic view showing a screen splicing structure using a third optical structure;
图 17是采用第四种光学结构的屏幕拼接结构示意图; 图 18~22是第五种光学结构等同变换应用的示意图。 【具体实施方式】 Figure 17 is a schematic view showing a screen splicing structure using a fourth optical structure; 18 to 22 are schematic views of a fifth optical structure equivalent conversion application. 【detailed description】
下面结合实施例及附图, 对本发明作进一步地详细说明, 但本发明的实施方式不限 于此。  The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
请参阅图 3 ,本发明实现无缝拼接的大屏幕显示装置包括依次连接的接入模块、存储 模块、 图像分割处理模块、 图像亮度调节模块、 输出模块、 显示模块。  Referring to FIG. 3, the large-screen display device for seamlessly splicing according to the present invention includes an access module, a storage module, an image segmentation processing module, an image brightness adjustment module, an output module, and a display module that are sequentially connected.
实施例一  Embodiment 1
本实施例中, 拼接大屏幕为由水平方向上两个显示单元组成的拼接方式, 采用一路 接入电路进行图像数据输入, 两路输出电路进行图像数据输出。  In this embodiment, the splicing large screen is a splicing method composed of two display units in the horizontal direction, and one image access circuit is used for image data input, and two output circuits are used for image data output.
请参见图 5所示, 为本实施例一种实现无缝拼接大屏幕显示的硬件结构示意图,其包 括接入模块(一路接入电路)、 存储模块、 图像分割处理模块、 图像亮度调节模块、 输出 模块(输出电路 A、 输出电路 B )、 显示模块 (显示单元 A、 显示单元 B )。  Referring to FIG. 5, a hardware structure diagram for implementing seamless splicing and large screen display is provided in the embodiment, which includes an access module (one access circuit), a storage module, an image segmentation processing module, and an image brightness adjustment module. Output module (output circuit A, output circuit B), display module (display unit A, display unit B).
本实施例中, 存储模块、 图像分割处理模块、 图像亮度调节模块的功能可以通过采 用 FPGA ( Field Programmable Gate Array, 元件可编程逻辑门阵列)实现。  In this embodiment, the functions of the memory module, the image segmentation processing module, and the image brightness adjustment module can be implemented by using an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).
实现,其中存储模块可为直接在 FPGA内部设置的双链 SRAM ( Static Random Access Memory, 静态随机存取存储器);也可以通过采用 FPGA与外接存储器结合来实现。其中, FPGA内部设置双链 SRAM或外接存储器的大小可以根据用户实际需要进行设定,本实施 例中, 采用 FPGA内部设置双链 SRAM, 其存储量大小约为一行图像数据大小。 所述图像 分割处理模块的作用在于, 将从显卡接入的图像分割成若千图像块, 并在每个相邻图像 块的衔接边缘部分均增加上缝隙图像, 形成的图像为子图像。 其中, 缝隙图像是复制分 割后各自图像块边缘部分的图像, 缝隙图像可为 1〜3个像素宽度, 本实施例中优选 1个像 素宽度。 请参阅图 4 , 本实施例中, 实现无缝拼接大屏幕显示的图像处理方法流程, 包括以下 步骤:  The implementation is that the storage module can be a dual-chain SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) directly disposed inside the FPGA; or can be implemented by using an FPGA and an external memory. The size of the double-chain SRAM or the external memory set in the FPGA can be set according to the actual needs of the user. In this embodiment, the dual-chain SRAM is set internally by the FPGA, and the storage amount is about one line of image data size. The image segmentation processing module is configured to divide an image accessed from the graphics card into thousands of image blocks, and add a gap image to the joint edge portion of each adjacent image block, and the formed image is a sub-image. The slit image is an image of the edge portion of each image block after the splitting, and the slit image may have a width of 1 to 3 pixels. In this embodiment, one pixel width is preferred. Referring to FIG. 4, in this embodiment, a process for implementing an image processing method for seamlessly splicing a large screen display includes the following steps:
( 1 ) 显卡输出图像数据;  (1) The graphics card outputs image data;
( 2 ) 图像数据经过接入模块写入双链 SRAM;  (2) image data is written into the double-chain SRAM through the access module;
( 3 ) 图像分割处理模块读取双链 SRAM中图像数据, 将图像分割成若干图像块, 并 在每个相邻图像块的衔接边缘部分均增加上缝隙图像, 形成的图像为子图像, 其中, 缝 隙图像和分割后各自图像块边缘部分的图像相同;  (3) The image segmentation processing module reads the image data in the double-chain SRAM, divides the image into several image blocks, and adds a gap image to the joint edge portion of each adjacent image block, and the formed image is a sub-image, wherein , the gap image and the image of the edge portion of each image block after the division are the same;
( 4 )图像亮度调节模块对各子图像中的缝隙图像的亮度进行调节, 使各相邻子图像 在缝隙处亮度实现平滑过渡;  (4) The image brightness adjustment module adjusts the brightness of the slit image in each sub-image, so that the brightness of each adjacent sub-image is smoothly transitioned at the slit;
( 5 ) 子图像数据通过输出模块, 将子图像传到相应的显示单元进行显示。  (5) The sub-image data is transmitted to the corresponding display unit for display through the output module.
本实施例中, 所述步骤 ( 1 ) 中的图像数据, 为 24位真彩图, 其图像分辨率为 2046 x 768„ 步骤 (2)中, 接入电路的接入接口带宽满足图像数据传输所需带宽。 所述步骤 (3 ) 中的图像分割, 采用将一幅分辨率为 2046 x 768的图像, 分割成 1023 768的图像块 A和 1023 768的图像块 B , 在图像块 A和图像块 B的拼接边缘处, 各自添 加上各自图像块的缝隙图像。 本实施例中, 缝隙图像宽度为一个像素宽度。 如图 6所示, 图像块 A的缝隙图像 401 , 图像块 B的缝隙图像 402。 其中, 缝隙图像 401和图像块 A的最 边缘一列的一个像素宽度的图像 403相同, 缝隙图像 402和图像块 B的最边缘一列的一个 像素宽度的图像 404相同。 最终, 形成了两幅子图像, 分别为 1024 768的子图像 A, 以 及 1024 768的子图像 子图像 A和子图像 B的分辨率与显示单元支持的分辨率相符。 In this embodiment, the image data in the step (1) is a 24-bit true color picture, and the image resolution is 2046 x 768. In the step (2), the access interface bandwidth of the access circuit satisfies the image data transmission. The required bandwidth. The image segmentation in the step (3) is performed by dividing an image with a resolution of 2046 x 768 into image blocks A of 1023 768 and image blocks B of 1023 768, and splicing in image block A and image block B. At the edges, gap images of the respective image blocks are added. In this embodiment, the slit image width is one pixel width. As shown in FIG. 6, the slit image 401 of the image block A and the slit image 402 of the image block B. The slit image 401 is the same as the image 403 of one pixel width of the most edge column of the image block A, and the slit image 402 is the same as the image 404 of one pixel width of the most edge column of the image block B. Finally, two sub-images, sub-image A of 1024 768, and sub-image sub-image A and sub-image B of 1024 768 are formed to match the resolution supported by the display unit.
步骤 (3 ) 的子图像形成通过以下两种方式之一实现:  Sub-image formation in step (3) is achieved in one of two ways:
方式一: 采用延时读取的方式实现图像数据的复制, 形成子图像。 所述步骤(3 )中, 图像分割以及缝隙图像的添加的具体过程可为: 在写入时钟脉冲作用下, 将 24位的 R、 G、 B三原色数据写入双链 SRAM中, 同时, 在读出时钟脉冲作用下, 图像分割模块对数 据进行读取, 并对每行读取的像素个数进行计数, 当读取完每行的第 1023个像素后, 就 通过一个由 D触发器构成的第一延时电路对显卡输出数据进行读取, 其中延时时间为读 取一个像素的时间长度, 这样从显卡中输出的每行第 1024个像素开始, 都往后延时了一 个像素的时间读取, 而读取的第 1024个像素则与前面读取的第 1023个像素相同。 当读取 完每行第 1025个像素 (即显卡输出的第 1024个像素) 后, 就在原来的第一延时电路基础 上再通过一个由 D触发器枸成的第二延时电路对 D VI输出数据进行读取,其中延时时间也 为读取一个像素的时间长度, 这样就相当于再读取了一次第 1025个像素。  Method 1: The image data is copied by using a delayed reading method to form a sub-image. In the step (3), the specific process of image segmentation and the addition of the slot image may be: writing 24 bits of R, G, and B primary color data into the double-chain SRAM under the action of the write clock pulse, and simultaneously Under the action of the read clock pulse, the image segmentation module reads the data and counts the number of pixels read per line. After reading the 1023th pixel of each line, it is composed of a D flip-flop. The first delay circuit reads the output data of the graphics card, wherein the delay time is the length of time for reading one pixel, so that the first 1024 pixels of each line output from the graphics card are delayed by one pixel. The time is read, and the 1024th pixel read is the same as the 1023th pixel read previously. After reading the 1025th pixel of each row (ie, the 1024th pixel of the graphics card output), the second delay circuit pair D formed by the D flip-flop is formed on the basis of the original first delay circuit. The VI output data is read, and the delay time is also the length of time for reading one pixel, which is equivalent to reading the 1025th pixel again.
方式二:采用重复读取同一存储地址数据的方式实现图像数据的复制,所述步驟(3 ) 中, 图像分割以及缝隙图像的添加的具体过程可为: 根据 FPGA内部产生的写数据地址, 通过接入模块将三原色数据进行写入双链 SRAM, 通过 FPGA内部产生的读数据地址, 对 数据进行读取, 同时对每行读取的像素数据进行计数, 计数到分割图像块的边缘像素即 第 1023个像素时, 对第 1023个像素进行重复读取一次。 读进第 1025个像素 (即显卡输出 的第 1024个像素), 然后对第 1025个像素进行重复读取一次。只在拼接边缘像素处进行重 复读取, 其他像素直接依次读取即可。 每行数据都重复上述操作, 完成图像分割以及给 各个图像块添加缝隙图像。 所述步骤 (4 ) 中, 通过图像亮度调节模块, 对缝隙图像 A和缝隙图像 B进行亮度调 节。 主要调节方法, 包括平均值法、 加权平滑法、 伽玛曲线调节法等, 可以由用户自己 进行选择。 本实施例采用加权平滑法, 即将缝隙图像 A的亮度值乘 L1以一个权值 al , 得 到缝隙图像 A调整后的亮度值 Ml , 其中, 权值 al为 0到 1的常数。 缝隙图像 B的亮度值乘 L2以一个权值 a2, 得到缝隙图像 B调整后的亮度值 M2, 其中, 权值 a2为 0到 1的常数。 通 过这种加权平滑法实现相邻子图像 A和子图像 B在缝隙处亮度实现平滑过渡。具体公式表 示如下:  Method 2: copying the image data by repeatedly reading the same storage address data. In the step (3), the specific process of image segmentation and the addition of the slot image may be: according to the write data address generated inside the FPGA, The access module writes the three primary color data into the double-chain SRAM, reads the data through the read data address generated by the FPGA, and counts the pixel data read in each row, and counts the edge pixels of the divided image block. At 1023 pixels, the 1023th pixel is repeatedly read once. Read the 1025th pixel (that is, the 1024th pixel of the graphics card output), and then read the 1025th pixel repeatedly. Repeat reading only at the edge of the stitching edge, and other pixels can be read directly. The above operations are repeated for each line of data, image segmentation is completed, and a gap image is added to each image block. In the step (4), the aperture image A and the slit image B are subjected to brightness adjustment by the image brightness adjustment module. The main adjustment methods, including the average method, the weighted smoothing method, the gamma curve adjustment method, etc., can be selected by the user himself. In this embodiment, the weighted smoothing method is adopted, that is, the luminance value of the slot image A is multiplied by L1 by a weight al, and the luminance value M1 of the aperture image A is obtained, wherein the weight al is a constant of 0 to 1. The luminance value of the slit image B is multiplied by L2 by a weight a2 to obtain a luminance value M2 after the aperture image B is adjusted, wherein the weight a2 is a constant of 0 to 1. By this weighted smoothing method, the adjacent sub-image A and the sub-image B achieve a smooth transition in brightness at the slit. The specific formula is as follows:
M1=L1 al  M1=L1 al
M2= L2 a2 经亮度调节后, FPGA对每行读出的像素进行计数, 在读出时钟脉冲下, 将图像数 据读出。 输出图像数据每行的前 1024个像素, 均发送到显示单元 A; 输出图像数据每行 的从第 1025个像素到最后的第 2048个像素均发送到显示单元 B。 通过上述方法, 实现子 图像 A通过输出电路 A, 向显示单元 A进行显示。 子图像 B输出电路 B , 向显示单元 B进行 5 显示, 如图 5所示。 子图像 A和子图像 B的缝隙图像均经过引导光学结构, 引导到与相邻 的显示单元 A和显示单元 B间的缝隙中。 通过上述方法, 使显示单元拼接缝隙处所形成的 暗线变亮, 且不会丢失图像的像素, 实现图像的完整显示。 实施例 2 M2= L2 a2 After the brightness adjustment, the FPGA counts the pixels read in each line, and reads the image data under the read clock pulse. The first 1024 pixels of each line of the output image data are sent to the display unit A; the 1025th pixel to the last 2048th pixel of each line of the output image data are sent to the display unit B. By the above method, the sub-image A is realized to be displayed on the display unit A through the output circuit A. Sub-picture B output circuit B, 5 display to display unit B, as shown in FIG. The slit images of the sub-image A and the sub-image B are each guided through a guiding optical structure into a gap between the adjacent display unit A and the display unit B. Through the above method, the dark line formed by the display unit splicing gap is brightened, and the pixels of the image are not lost, and the complete display of the image is realized. Example 2
10 本实施例中, 拼接大屏幕为 2 x 2显示单元組成的拼接方式, 为了避免由于图像采集 速度跟不上显示要求, 有显示单元出现空白屏的状况, 水平方向上第一排的两个显示单 元采用一路接入电路 A连接显卡 A进行图像输入,水平方向上第二排的两个显示单元采用 一路接入电路 B连接显卡 B进行图像输入。  In this embodiment, the splicing large screen is a splicing mode composed of 2 x 2 display units. In order to avoid the situation that the image capturing speed cannot keep up with the display requirements, there are two blank screens in the display unit, and two in the first row in the horizontal direction. The display unit uses one access circuit A to connect the graphics card A for image input, and the two display units in the second row in the horizontal direction use one access circuit B to connect the graphics card B for image input.
本实施例中, 一个显卡对应一排显示单元, 每个显卡输出图像经过一个 FPGA与一 15 个外接存储器来进行处理, 且两个 FPGA通过同步信号连接, 保证上下两排显示单元同 步显示。 本实施例中, 外接存储器容量大小为存储 2行图像数据的大小。  In this embodiment, one graphics card corresponds to one row of display units, and each graphics card output image is processed by an FPGA and a 15 external memory, and the two FPGAs are connected by a synchronization signal to ensure that the upper and lower rows of display units are displayed synchronously. In this embodiment, the size of the external memory is two sizes of image data.
除上述以外,本实施例中对每个显卡输出图像进行处理的硬件电路与实旄例一相同。 本实施例的硬件电路结构示意图, 具体参见图 7所示。  In addition to the above, the hardware circuit for processing each graphics card output image in this embodiment is the same as the first embodiment. A schematic diagram of the hardware circuit structure of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 7.
本实施例中, 一种实现无缝拼接大屏幕显示的图像处理方法流程, 从每个显卡输出 20 的图像的处理, 包括以下步骤:  In this embodiment, a process for implementing an image processing method for seamlessly splicing a large screen display, and outputting an image of 20 images from each graphics card includes the following steps:
( 1 ) 显卡输出图像数据;  (1) The graphics card outputs image data;
( 2 ) 图像数据经过接入模块写入外接存储器;  (2) image data is written into the external memory through the access module;
( 3 )图像分割处理模块读取外接存储器中图像数据, 将图像分割成若千图像块, 并 在每个相邻图像块的衔接边缘部分均增加上缝隙图像, 形成的图像为子图像, 其中, 缝 25 隙图像和分割后各自图像块边缘部分的图像相同;  (3) The image segmentation processing module reads the image data in the external memory, divides the image into thousands of image blocks, and adds a gap image to the joint edge portion of each adjacent image block, and the formed image is a sub-image, wherein , the slit 25 gap image and the image of the edge portion of each image block after the division are the same;
( 4 )图像亮度调节模块对各子图像中的缝隙图像的亮度进行调节, 使各相邻子图像 在缝隙处亮度实现平滑过渡;  (4) The image brightness adjustment module adjusts the brightness of the slit image in each sub-image, so that the brightness of each adjacent sub-image is smoothly transitioned at the slit;
( 5 ) 子图像数据通过输出模块, 将子图像传到相应的显示单元进行显示。 本实施例中, 所述步骤 ( 1 ) 中的图像数据, 为 24位真彩图, 其图像分辨率为 2046 (5) The sub-image data is transmitted to the corresponding display unit for display through the output module. In this embodiment, the image data in the step (1) is a 24-bit true color image, and the image resolution is 2046.
30 1534. 步骤 (2)中, 接入电路的接入接口带宽满足图像数据传输所需带宽。 30 1534. In step (2), the access interface bandwidth of the access circuit satisfies the bandwidth required for image data transmission.
所述步驟(3 ) 中的图像分割, 采用将一幅分辨率为 2046 1534的图像, 分割成 1023 767的图像块 A, 1023 767的图像块 B , 1023 χ 767的图像块 C和 1023 χ 767的图像块1)。 在图像块 Α和图像块 Β的拼接边缘处, 各自添加上各自图像块的缝隙图像。 本实施例中, 缝隙图像宽度为一个像素宽度。 如图 8所示, 图像块 A添加上了缝隙图像 601、 602。 图像 The image segmentation in the step (3) is performed by dividing an image with a resolution of 2046 1534 into image blocks A of 1023 767, image blocks B of 1023 767, image blocks C of 1023 767 767, and 1023 χ 767. Image block 1). At the stitching edges of the image block 图像 and the image block ,, the slit images of the respective image blocks are respectively added. In this embodiment, the slit image width is one pixel width. As shown in Fig. 8, the image block A is added with the slit images 601, 602. image
35 块 B添加上了缝隙图像 603、 604。 图像块 C添加上了缝隙图像 605、 606。 图像块 D添加上 了缝隙图像 607、 608。 其中, 缝隙图像 601和图像块 A的最边缘一列的一个像素宽度的图 像 609相同; 602和图像块 A的最边缘一行的一个像素宽度的图像 610相同; 缝隙图像 603 和图像块 B的最边缘一列的一个像素宽度的图像 611相同; 缝隙图像 604和图像块 B的最边 缘一行的一个像素宽度的图像 612相同; 缝隙图像 605和图像块 C的最边缘一列的一个像 素宽度的图像 613相同; 缝隙图像 606和图像块 C的最边缘一行的一个像素宽度的图像 614 相同; 缝隙图像 607和图像块 D的最边缘一列的一个像素宽度的图像 615相同; 缝隙图像 608和图像块 D的最边缘一行的一个像素宽度的图像 616相同。 最终, 形成了 幅子图像, 分别为 1024 768的子图像 A,以及 1024 768的子图像 Β , 1024 768的子图像 C ,以及 1024 χ 768的子图像 D。 子图像的分辨率均与显示单元支持的分辨率相符。 35 blocks B are added with slit images 603, 604. The image block C is added with slit images 605, 606. The image block D is added with slit images 607, 608. Wherein, the gap image 601 and a pixel width map of the most edge of the image block A The same as 609; 602 is the same as the image 610 of one pixel width of the most edge of the image block A; the slit image 603 is the same as the image 611 of one pixel width of the most edge of the image block B; the image of the slit image 604 and the image block B The image 612 of one pixel width of the most edge line is the same; the image 613 of one pixel width of the most edge column of the image block C is the same; the image 614 of one pixel width of the edge image 606 and the most edge of the image block C The same; the slit image 607 is the same as the image 615 of one pixel width of the most edge column of the image block D; the slit image 608 is the same as the image 616 of one pixel width of the most edge row of the image block D. Finally, a patch image is formed, which is a sub-image A of 1024 768, a sub-image 1024 of 1024 768, a sub-image C of 1024 768, and a sub-image D of 1024 768. The resolution of the sub-images is consistent with the resolution supported by the display unit.
步骤 (3 ) 的子图像形成通过以下两种方式之一实现:  Sub-image formation in step (3) is achieved in one of two ways:
方式一: 釆用延时读取的方式实现图像数据的复制, 所述步骤(3 ) 中, 图像分割以 及缝隙图像的添加的具体过程可为: 每行开始时, 通过水平方向上第一排显示单元对应 的接入电路 A, 将三原色数据写入外接存储器, FPGA中图像分割处理模块对外存储器内 图像数据进行读取,同时图像分割处理模块对每行读取的像素以及写入的行数进行计数, 当读取完每行的第 1023个像素后, 就通过图像分割处理模块中一个由 D触发器构成的第 一延时电路对数据进行读取, 其中延时时间为读取 1个像素的时间长度, 这样, 从每行读 取的第 1023像素相当于重新读取了一遍。 当读取完每行第 1025个像素 (即从显卡送出的 第 1024个像素) 后, 就在原来的第一延时电路基础上再通过一个由 D触发器构成的第二 延时电路对数据进行读取, 其中延时时间也为读取 1个像素的时间长度,这样就相当于读 取的第 1025个像素重新读取了一遍, 如此类推, 可以完成添加水平方向上第一排的所需 分割图像块间的缝隙图像。 当计算到读取的行数为 767行时(即第一排显示单元图像块中 与第二排显示单元拼接的边缘行), 同样通过延时电路实现整个 767行的重复读取。 通过 水平方向上第二排显示单元对应的接入电路 B, 将相应的图像数据写入其相应的存储器, 跟水平方向上第一排显示单元图像块数据读取方式相似, 读取存储器中水平方向上第二 排显示单元图像块图像数据时, 通过延时电路, 实现第二排显示单元图像块之间连接处 的边缘像素的重复读取、 第二排显示单元图像块的第一行像素 (即第二排显示单元图像 块中与第一排显示单元图像块连接处的边缘行像素) 的重复读取。 通过上述方式, 完成 所有图像分割以及给各个图像块添加缝隙图像。  Method 1: 实现 Copying image data by means of delayed reading. In the step (3), the specific process of image segmentation and slot image addition may be: at the beginning of each line, through the first row in the horizontal direction The access circuit A corresponding to the display unit writes the three primary color data into the external memory, and the image segmentation processing module in the FPGA reads the image data in the external memory, and the image segmentation processing module reads the pixels in each row and the number of rows written. Counting, after reading the 1023th pixel of each row, the data is read by a first delay circuit composed of D flip-flops in the image segmentation processing module, wherein the delay time is 1 read. The length of time of the pixel, so that the 1023th pixel read from each line is equivalent to re-reading it again. After reading the 1025th pixel of each row (that is, the 1024th pixel sent from the graphics card), the second delay circuit composed of the D flip-flop pair is used on the basis of the original first delay circuit. Read, where the delay time is also the length of time to read 1 pixel, which is equivalent to reading the 1025th pixel read again, and so on, can add the first row in the horizontal direction It is necessary to divide the gap image between the image blocks. When it is calculated that the number of lines read is 767 lines (i.e., the edge line of the first row of display unit image blocks spliced with the second row of display units), the entire 767 lines are repeatedly read by the delay circuit. The corresponding image data is written into the corresponding memory by the access circuit B corresponding to the second row display unit in the horizontal direction, similar to the data reading mode of the first row display unit image block in the horizontal direction, and the level in the memory is read. When the second row displays the image block image data in the direction, the delay pixel is used to realize the repeated reading of the edge pixels at the junction between the image blocks of the second row display unit and the first row of pixels of the image block of the second row display unit. (ie, the repeated reading of the edge row pixels in the second row of display unit image blocks that are connected to the first row of display unit image blocks). In the above manner, all image segmentation is completed and a slit image is added to each image block.
方式二:采用重复读取同一存储地址数据的方式实现图像数据的复制,所述步骤(3 ) 中, 图像分割以及缝隙图像的添加的具体过程可为: 根据图像处理电路内部产生的写数 据地址, 通过接入电路 A将三原色数据进行写入外接存储器, 通过图像处理电路内部产 生的读数据地址, 对数据进行读取, 同时对每行读取的像素数据以及行数进行计数, 每 行计数到读取的第 1023个像素时, 对第 1023个像素进行重复读取一次。 计数到读取的第 1025个像素时, 对第 1025个像素进行重复读取一次。 当计数到读取完第 767行时, 再对第 767行进行重复读取一次。 通过接入电路 B将三原色数据进行写入其相应的外接存储器, 通过图像处理电路内部产生的读数据地址, 对数据进行读取, 同时对每行读取的像素数 据以及行数进行计数, 每行计数到读取的第 1023个像素时, 对第 1023个像素进行重复读 取一次。 计数到读取的第 1025个像素时, 对第 1025个像素进行重复读取一次。 当读取完 第一行图像数据时, 对第一行进行重复读取一次。 通过上述方式, 完成所有图像分割以 及给各个图像块添加缝隙图像。 Method 2: copying the image data by repeatedly reading the same storage address data. In the step (3), the specific process of image segmentation and the addition of the slot image may be: according to the write data address generated inside the image processing circuit The three primary color data is written into the external memory through the access circuit A, and the data is read by the read data address generated inside the image processing circuit, and the pixel data and the number of rows read per line are counted, and each row is counted. When the 1023th pixel is read, the 1023th pixel is repeatedly read once. When the 1025th pixel is counted, the 1025th pixel is repeatedly read once. When the count reaches the 767th line, the 767th line is repeatedly read once. The three primary colors are written into the corresponding external memory through the access circuit B, and the data is read by the read data address generated inside the image processing circuit, and the pixel data and the number of rows read per line are counted, When the line counts to the 1023th pixel read, the 1023th pixel is repeatedly read. Take it once. When the 1025th pixel is counted, the 1025th pixel is repeatedly read once. When the first line of image data is read, the first line is repeatedly read once. In the above manner, all image segmentation is completed and a slit image is added to each image block.
本实施例的亮度调节与实施例一相同。 经亮度调节后, FPGA对每行读出的像素进 行计数, 在读出时钟脉冲下, 将子图像的图像数据通过相应的输出电路传送相应的显示 单元进行显示。 子图像 A、 子图像 B、 子图像 C和子图像 D的缝隙图像均经过引导光学结 构, 引导到与相邻的显示单元间的缝隙中。 通过上述方法, 使显示单元拼接缝隙处所形 成的暗线变亮, 且不会丢失图像的像素, 实现图像的完整显示。  The brightness adjustment of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment. After the brightness adjustment, the FPGA counts the pixels read in each row, and under the read clock pulse, the image data of the sub-image is transmitted to the corresponding display unit through the corresponding output circuit for display. The slit images of the sub-image A, the sub-image B, the sub-image C, and the sub-image D are both guided by an optical structure and guided into a gap with an adjacent display unit. Through the above method, the dark line formed at the seam of the display unit is brightened, and the pixels of the image are not lost, and the complete display of the image is realized.
实施例中所述显示模块由多个拼接显示单元组成,各显示单元中设有引导光学结构, 所述引导光学结构的作用在于将图像光线范围略超过显示单元范围, 将超出的光线引导 到与相邻显示单元间的缝隙中。  The display module in the embodiment is composed of a plurality of spliced display units, each of which is provided with a guiding optical structure, and the guiding optical structure functions to direct the image light range slightly beyond the display unit range, and guide the excess light to In the gap between adjacent display units.
第一种光学结构实施例:  The first optical structure embodiment:
本实施例所使用的光学结构如图 9所示, 整体拼接结构如图 14所示,整个拼接显示系 统主要由多个背投影单元 11相互拼接组成,相邻两个背投影单元间存在一条拼接缝隙 12。 其中每个背投影单元 11由投影机 21及屏幕系统 22按照光路依次设置构成。 屏幕系统 22主 要由固定支架 23、 菲涅尔透镜 3 1、 背投影屏幕 25组成。 菲涅尔透镜 31上制作有沟槽 32 , 沟槽 32的表面可以为光滑面, 也可以为磨砂面, 沟槽 32的开口指向外侧, 沟槽靠近屏幕 的倾斜面与菲涅尔透镜正面的夹角大于屏幕正面显示图像对应边缘光线的角度, 沟槽远 离屏幕的倾斜面与菲涅尔透镜正面的夹角小于或等于 60° , 沟槽的深度以不遮挡投影机 直接投射到屏幕上的光线为宜。 本实施例投影机 21投射出的光线 26的范围相对于现有技 术稍微扩大, 略超出背投影屏幕 25显示图象的范围, 超出部分的光线投射到菲涅尔透镜 31的侧面上; 又由于本实施例中, 菲涅尔透镜 3 1的侧面处制作了沟槽 32 , 因此超出部分 的光线也即投射到了沟槽 32上。 投射到沟槽 32上的光线 26经沟槽 32的光滑面折射 (或磨 砂面散射) 后, 射出到拼接缝隙 12处, 最后从屏幕系统正面射出。 这样就能使原来没有 光到达的拼接缝隙 12处有光到达, 从而消隐拼接缝隙 12处的暗线, 达到视觉上有效消隐 拼接图象分割线的效果。  The optical structure used in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 9. The overall splicing structure is as shown in FIG. 14. The whole splicing display system is mainly composed of a plurality of rear projection units 11 spliced together, and a splicing exists between two adjacent rear projection units. Slot 12. Each of the rear projection units 11 is configured by the projector 21 and the screen system 22 in order according to the optical path. The screen system 22 is mainly composed of a fixed bracket 23, a Fresnel lens 3 1, and a rear projection screen 25. The Fresnel lens 31 is formed with a groove 32. The surface of the groove 32 may be a smooth surface or a frosted surface. The opening of the groove 32 is directed to the outside, and the groove is close to the inclined surface of the screen and the front surface of the Fresnel lens. The angle is larger than the angle of the edge of the image displayed on the front of the screen. The angle between the inclined surface of the groove away from the screen and the front surface of the Fresnel lens is less than or equal to 60°. The depth of the groove is not directly blocked from the projector and projected onto the screen. Light is appropriate. The range of the light 26 projected by the projector 21 of the present embodiment is slightly enlarged relative to the prior art, slightly exceeding the range of the image displayed by the rear projection screen 25, and the excess light is projected onto the side of the Fresnel lens 31; In the present embodiment, the groove 32 is formed at the side of the Fresnel lens 31, so that the excess light is projected onto the groove 32. The light 26 projected onto the groove 32 is refracted by the smooth surface of the groove 32 (or scattered by the sand surface), exits to the splicing slit 12, and finally exits from the front of the screen system. In this way, light can be reached at the splicing slit 12 where no light has arrived, thereby blanking the dark line at the splicing slit 12, thereby achieving the effect of visually effectively splicing the spliced image dividing line.
本实施例光线 26超出背投影屏幕 25显示图像范围的数值, 优选超出一个像素或一个 像素以内。 超出的数值在上述范围内, 可以在消隐暗线的同时, 保证图像的像素不丢失。  The ray 26 of the present embodiment exceeds the value of the image range displayed by the rear projection screen 25, preferably within one pixel or one pixel. The value exceeded is within the above range, and the pixels of the image are not lost while blanking the dark line.
第二种光学结构实施例:  The second optical structure embodiment:
本实施例所使用的光学结构如图 10所示, 整体拼接结构如图 15所示, 整个拼接显示 系统主要由多个背投影单元 11相互拼接组成, 相邻两个背投影单元间存在一条拼接缝隙 12。 其中每个背投影单元 11由投影机 21及屏幕系统 22按照光路依次设置构成。 屏幕系统 22主要由固定支架 23、 菲涅尔透镜 41、 玻璃板 42、 背投影屏幕 25组成, 其中玻璃板 42安 装在菲涅尔透镜 41与固定支架 23之间。 菲涅尔透镜 41与玻璃板 42相接触的面的边缘棱上 分别设有切角 43和切角 44 , 该两切角构成本实施例的光学结构。 菲涅尔透镜上切角 43的 切削面与菲涅尔透镜正面的夹角大于屏幕正面显示图像对应边缘光线的角度, 玻璃板上 切角 44的切削面与菲涅尔透镜正面的夹角小于或等于 60° 。 切角 43和切角 44的表面均可 以是光滑面, 也可以是磨砂面。 本实施例投影机 21投射出的光线 26的范围相对于现有技 术扩大, 略超出背投影屏幕 25显示图象的范围, 超出部分的光线投射到屏幕系统的侧面 上; 又由于本实施例中, 屏幕系统的侧面设置了切角 44及切角 43 , 因此超出部分的光线 实际上投射到了切角 44上。 投射到玻璃板上的切角 44处的光线 26经切角光滑面折射 (或 磨砂面散射) 后, 沿菲涅尔透镜的切角 43外侧射出到拼接缝隙 12处, 最后从屏幕系统正 面射出。 这样就能使原来没有光到达的拼接缝隙 12处有光到达, 从而消隐拼接缝隙 12处 的暗线, 达到视觉上有效消隐拼接图象分割线的效果。 The optical structure used in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 10 , and the overall splicing structure is as shown in FIG. 15 . The entire splicing display system is mainly composed of a plurality of rear projection units 11 and a splicing between two adjacent rear projection units. Slot 12. Each of the rear projection units 11 is configured by the projector 21 and the screen system 22 in order according to the optical path. The screen system 22 is mainly composed of a fixed bracket 23, a Fresnel lens 41, a glass plate 42, and a rear projection screen 25, wherein the glass plate 42 is mounted between the Fresnel lens 41 and the fixed bracket 23. The edge edges of the face where the Fresnel lens 41 is in contact with the glass plate 42 are respectively provided with a chamfered corner 43 and a chamfered corner 44, which constitute the optical structure of this embodiment. The angle between the cutting face of the chamfer 43 on the Fresnel lens and the front face of the Fresnel lens is larger than the angle of the corresponding edge light of the image displayed on the front of the screen, on the glass plate The angle between the cutting face of the chamfer 44 and the front side of the Fresnel lens is less than or equal to 60°. The surfaces of the chamfer 43 and the chamfer 44 may each be a smooth surface or a matte surface. The range of the light 26 projected by the projector 21 of the present embodiment is expanded relative to the prior art, slightly exceeding the range of the image displayed by the rear projection screen 25, and the excess light is projected onto the side of the screen system; The side of the screen system is provided with a chamfer 44 and a chamfer 43 so that the excess light is actually projected onto the chamfer 44. The light 26 projected at the chamfer 44 on the glass plate is refracted by the chamfered smooth surface (or scattered by the frosted surface), and then exited to the splicing slit 12 along the outside of the chamfered corner 43 of the Fresnel lens, and finally exits from the front of the screen system. . In this way, light arrives at the splicing slit 12 where no light has arrived, thereby blanking the dark line at the splicing slit 12, thereby achieving the effect of visually effectively blanking the spliced image dividing line.
本实施例光线 26超出背投影屏幕 25显示图像范围的数值, 与笫一种光学结构实施例 相同, 在此不赞述。  The light 26 of the present embodiment exceeds the value of the image range displayed by the rear projection screen 25, which is the same as the embodiment of an optical structure, and is not described herein.
第三种光学结构实施例:  The third optical structure embodiment:
本实施例所使用的光学结构如图 1 1所示, 整体拼接结构如图 16所示, 整个拼接显示 系统主要由多个背投影单元 1 1相互拼接组成, 相邻两个背投影单元间存在一条拼接缝隙 12。 其中每个背投影单元 11由投影机 21及屏幕系统 22按照光路依次设置构成。 屏幕系统 22主要由固定支架 23、 菲涅尔透镜 24、 背投影屏幕 25组成。 菲涅尔透镜 24的侧面上制作 有散射层 5 1或透光微结构层 52。 本实施例投影机 21投射出的光线 26的范围相对于现有技 术扩大, 略超出背投影屏幕 25显示图象的范围, 超出部分的光线投射到屏幕系统的侧面 上; 叉由于在本实施例中, 屏幕系统的菲涅尔透镜 24的侧面设置了散射层 5 1或透光微结 构层 52 , 因此超出部分的光线实际上投射到了散射层 51或透光微结构层 52上。 投射到散 射层 5 1或透光微结构层 52上的光线 26经散射层 5 1散射或透光微结构层 52透射后, 射出到 拼接缝隙 12处, 最后从屏幕系统正面射出。 这样就能使原来没有光到达的拼接缝隙 12处 有光到达,从而消隐拼接缝隙 12处的暗线, 达到视觉上有效消隐拼接图象分割线的效果。 其中透光微结构层可以为与菲涅尔透镜正面平行的台阶状微棱镜层, 或为有序排列的微 球缺层、 微锥体层等微多面体层。  The optical structure used in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 11. The overall splicing structure is as shown in FIG. 16. The whole splicing display system is mainly composed of a plurality of rear projection units 11 and spliced together, and there are two adjacent rear projection units. A splicing gap 12. Each of the rear projection units 11 is configured by the projector 21 and the screen system 22 in order according to the optical path. The screen system 22 is mainly composed of a fixed bracket 23, a Fresnel lens 24, and a rear projection screen 25. A scattering layer 5 1 or a light transmissive microstructure layer 52 is formed on the side of the Fresnel lens 24. The range of the light 26 projected by the projector 21 of the present embodiment is expanded relative to the prior art, slightly exceeding the range of the image displayed by the rear projection screen 25, and the excess light is projected onto the side of the screen system; the fork is in this embodiment. The side of the Fresnel lens 24 of the screen system is provided with a scattering layer 51 or a light transmissive microstructure layer 52, so that the excess light is actually projected onto the scattering layer 51 or the light transmissive microstructure layer 52. The light 26 projected onto the scattering layer 5 1 or the light transmissive microstructure layer 52 is scattered by the scattering layer 5 1 or transmitted through the microstructure layer 52, and then exits to the splicing slit 12 and finally exits from the front surface of the screen system. In this way, light can be reached at the splicing slit 12 where no light has arrived, thereby blanking the dark line at the splicing slit 12, thereby achieving the effect of visually effectively blanking the spliced image dividing line. The light transmissive microstructure layer may be a stepped microprism layer parallel to the front surface of the Fresnel lens, or an ordered poly microsphere layer such as a microsphere defect layer or a micro pyramid layer.
本实施例光线 26超出背投影屏幕 25显示图像范围的数值, 与第一种光学结构实施例 相同, 在此不赞述。  The light 26 of this embodiment exceeds the value of the image range displayed by the rear projection screen 25, which is the same as the first optical structure embodiment, and is not described herein.
第四种光学结构实施例:  The fourth optical structure embodiment:
本实施例所使用的光学结构如图 12所示, 整体拼接结构如图 17所示, 整个拼接显示 系统主要由多个背投影单元 1 1相互拼接组成, 相邻两个背投影单元间存在一条拼接缝隙 12。 其中每个背投影单元 11由投影机 21及屏幕系统 22按照光路依次设置构成。 屏幕系统 22主要由固定支架 23、 菲浬尔透镜 24、 背投影屏幕 25组成。 在菲涅尔透镜 24与固定支架 23相接触的位置靠近固定支架 23设置有一个光楔 61, 该光楔不能遮挡投射到屏幕正面的 边缘光线。 本实施例投影机 21投射出的光线 26的范围相对于现有技术扩大, 略超出背投 影屏幕 25显示图象的范围, 超出部分的光线投射屏幕系统的边缘上; 由于本实施例中, 在屏幕系统的边缘上设置了光楔 61 , 因此超出部分的光线实际上投射到了光楔 61上。 投 射到光楔 61上的光线 26被光楔 61表面折射后, 以与无光楔 61情况下不同的倾角射向菲涅 尔透镜 24的側面, 从而避免在该侧面发生全反射而能从该側面透射出来并射进拼接缝隙 12处,最后从屏幕系统正面射出。这样就能使原来没有光到达的拼接缝隙 12处有光到达, 从而消隐拼接缝隙 12处的暗线, 达到视觉上有效消隐拼接图象分割线的效果。 采用光楔 61作为光学结构时, 固定支架 23或者固定支架与屏幕系统接触的一端可以进一步选用透 光材料, 例如将固定支架 23的材质换成透光材料, 或者将固定支架 23与屏幕系统接触的 一端的材料换成透光材料, 以增加透射进拼接缝隙的光线数量。 The optical structure used in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 12, and the overall splicing structure is as shown in FIG. 17. The whole splicing display system is mainly composed of a plurality of rear projection units 1 1 spliced together, and there is one between two adjacent rear projection units. Splicing the slit 12. Each of the rear projection units 11 is configured by the projector 21 and the screen system 22 in order according to the optical path. The screen system 22 is mainly composed of a fixed bracket 23, a Fischer lens 24, and a rear projection screen 25. At the position where the Fresnel lens 24 is in contact with the fixing bracket 23, a wedge 61 is provided adjacent to the fixing bracket 23, and the wedge cannot block the edge light projected to the front of the screen. The range of the light 26 projected by the projector 21 of the present embodiment is expanded relative to the prior art, slightly exceeding the range of the image displayed by the rear projection screen 25, beyond the edge of the light projection screen system; as in this embodiment, The wedge 61 is disposed on the edge of the screen system, so that the excess light is actually projected onto the wedge 61. The light 26 projected onto the wedge 61 is refracted by the surface of the wedge 61, and is incident on the Fresnel at an angle different from that of the wedge 61. The side surface of the lens 24 is such that it avoids total reflection on the side and can be transmitted from the side and incident on the splicing slit 12, and finally exits from the front of the screen system. In this way, light arrives at the splicing slit 12 where no light has arrived, thereby blanking the dark line at the splicing slit 12, thereby achieving the effect of visually effectively blanking the spliced image dividing line. When the wedge 61 is used as the optical structure, the fixing bracket 23 or the end of the fixing bracket contacting the screen system may further be made of a light-transmitting material, for example, the material of the fixing bracket 23 is changed into a light-transmitting material, or the fixing bracket 23 is in contact with the screen system. The material at one end is replaced by a light transmissive material to increase the amount of light transmitted into the splicing gap.
本实施例光线 26超出背投影屏幕 25显示图像范围的数值 , 与第一种光学结构实施例 相同, 在此不赘述。  The light 26 of this embodiment exceeds the value of the image range displayed by the rear projection screen 25, which is the same as the first optical structure embodiment, and will not be described herein.
第五种光学结构实施例:  The fifth optical structure embodiment:
本实施例的结构如图 13所示, 整个拼接显示系统由多个背投影单元相互拼接组成, 相邻两个背投影单元间存在一条拼接缝。 其中每个背投影单元由投影机及屏幕系统按照 光路依次设置构成。 屏幕系统包括固定支架 23 , 以及依次固定连接的外层玻璃板 70、 背 投影屏幕 25、 菲涅尔透镜 71、 透光板 72 , 其中透光板 72设置在菲涅尔透镜 71内側且安装 在菲浬尔透镜 71与固定支架 23之间。 菲涅尔透镜 71与投影机——对应, 每个投影机的投 射范围对准其所对应的菲涅尔透镜; 相邻两个屏幕系统的菲涅尔透镜之间相互拼接。 在 本实施例中, 外层玻璃板 70、 背投影屏幕 25、 透光板 72也分别与投影机——对应, 由一 个背投影单元单独使用。  The structure of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 13. The whole splicing display system is composed of a plurality of rear projection units spliced together, and a splicing seam exists between two adjacent rear projection units. Each of the rear projection units is configured by the projector and the screen system in sequence according to the optical path. The screen system includes a fixing bracket 23, and an outer glass plate 70, a rear projection screen 25, a Fresnel lens 71, and a light transmissive plate 72, which are sequentially fixedly connected, wherein the light transmissive plate 72 is disposed inside the Fresnel lens 71 and mounted on Between the Fischer lens 71 and the fixed bracket 23. The Fresnel lens 71 corresponds to the projector, and the projection range of each projector is aligned with its corresponding Fresnel lens; the Fresnel lenses of the adjacent two screen systems are spliced to each other. In this embodiment, the outer glass plate 70, the rear projection screen 25, and the light transmissive plate 72 are also respectively used in correspondence with the projector, and are used by a single rear projection unit.
为了消除相邻两个背投影单元拼接处所存在的拼接黑线, 本发明所使用的投影机 21 投射出的光线 26的范围相对于现有技术扩大, 超出背投影屏幕 25显示图像的范围, 超出 部分的光线投射到屏幕系统的侧面上; 本发明在菲涅尔透镜 71相互拼接的侧面上设置了 切角,该切角设置于菲涅耳透镜的四周靠近投影机一侧,设置切角的切割面可以是平面, 也可以是任意的曲面。 该切割面尽可能向菲浬尔透镜中间深入, 但不能影响菲涅尔透镜 中用于投射屏幕正面显示图像边缘对应的投影光线, 即切角深度小于屏幕系统正面显示 图像边缘对应的光线在菲涅尔透镜内部折射和传播路径位置, 从而使切角不影响屏幕正 面显示图像对应边缘光线从菲涅尔透镜折射后投射到屏幕正面。 超出背投影屏幕 25显示 图像范围的那小部分光线投射到切割面上和透光板 72的边缘上, 投射到菲涅耳透镜 71切 割面上的光线经切割面折射或散射后进入拼接缝, 投射到透光板 72的边缘上的光线从菲 涅耳透镜 71切割面外缘射出到拼接缝, 这些光线进入拼接缝后照亮拼接缝, 再经由拼接 缝射出到屏幕系统正面; 因而使图 1中原来没有光线到达的拼接缝 12被照亮,从而消除了 拼接缝 12处的黑线, 达到有效消除图像拼接缝的有益效果。  In order to eliminate the spliced black lines existing in the splicing of the adjacent two rear projection units, the range of the ray 26 projected by the projector 21 used in the present invention is expanded relative to the prior art, beyond the range of the image displayed by the rear projection screen 25, beyond Part of the light is projected onto the side of the screen system; the invention provides a chamfer on the side of the Fresnel lens 71 which is spliced to each other, the chamfer angle is set around the Fresnel lens near the side of the projector, and a chamfer is provided. The cutting surface can be a flat surface or an arbitrary curved surface. The cutting surface penetrates as far as possible into the middle of the film, but it cannot affect the projection light corresponding to the edge of the image displayed on the front side of the projection screen in the Fresnel lens, that is, the depth of the cut angle is smaller than the edge of the image displayed on the front of the screen system. The inner surface of the Neel lens refracts and propagates the path so that the chamfer does not affect the image on the front of the screen. The corresponding edge ray is refracted from the Fresnel lens and projected onto the front of the screen. A small portion of the light that exceeds the range of the image displayed by the rear projection screen 25 is projected onto the cutting surface and the edge of the light-transmitting plate 72, and the light projected onto the cutting surface of the Fresnel lens 71 is refracted or scattered by the cutting surface and then enters the splicing seam. The light projected onto the edge of the light-transmitting plate 72 is emitted from the outer edge of the cutting surface of the Fresnel lens 71 to the splicing seam, and the light enters the splicing seam, illuminates the splicing seam, and is then ejected to the screen system through the splicing seam. The front side; thus, the stitching seam 12 in Fig. 1 where no light has arrived is illuminated, thereby eliminating the black line at the stitching seam 12, thereby achieving the beneficial effect of effectively eliminating the image stitching seam.
本发明中, 光线 26超出背投影屏幕 25显示图像范围的数值,优选超出一个像素以内, 更优选超出 0.5个像素以内。 超出的数值在上述范围内, 可以在消除拼接缝黑线的同时, 保证图像的像素不丢失。  In the present invention, the light 26 exceeds the value of the image range displayed by the rear projection screen 25, preferably within one pixel, more preferably within 0.5 pixels. If the value exceeds the above range, the black line of the stitching seam can be eliminated, and the pixels of the image are not lost.
图 13所示拼接结构属于拼接缝隙比较大的情况; 在此种情况下, 优选地可以在拼接 缝中设置由散射材料制成的或表面粗糙的散射片, 也可以在拼接缝填充由散射材料制成 的散射层, 散射片或散射层将进入拼接缝的光线引导到屏幕系统正面, 消除拼接缝黑线 的效果将更佳。 The splicing structure shown in FIG. 13 belongs to a case where the splicing gap is relatively large; in this case, it is preferable to provide a scattering sheet made of a scattering material or a rough surface in the splicing slit, or may be filled in the splicing seam. A scattering layer made of a scattering material, a diffusing sheet or a scattering layer guides the light entering the stitching seam to the front of the screen system, eliminating the black line of the stitching The effect will be better.
散射片可以设置在拼缝中, 也可以是屏幕的固定连接部分本身, 如图 22中的 73 ; 此 时, 进入拼接缝的投影光线可顺着该散射片传播, 再从屏幕正面方向射出, 参与整个拼 接屏的图像显示, 消除图像的拼接缝。  The diffusing sheet may be disposed in the seam or the fixed connecting portion of the screen itself, as shown in FIG. 22; at this time, the projected light entering the stitching may propagate along the diffusing sheet and then exit from the front of the screen. , Participate in the image display of the entire splicing screen, eliminating the stitching of the image.
本发明也可以应用在拼接缝更小, 且外层玻璃板 70、 背投影屏幕 25、 透光板 72分别 与投影机——对应的拼接结构中, 如图 18所示。 本发明也可以应用在拼接缝更小, 且外 层玻璃板 70由若干个背投影单元共用, 背投影屏幕 25、 透光板 72分别与投影机——对应 的拼接结构中, 如图 19所示。 本发明还可应用在拼接缝更小, 且外层玻璃板 70、 背投影 屏幕 25均由若干个背投影单元共用, 透光板 72与投影机——对应的拼接结构中, 如图 20 所示。 本发明还可应用在拼接缝更小, 且外层玻璃板 70、 背投影屏幕 25、 透光板 72均由 若干个背投影单元共用的拼接结构中, 如图 21所示。  The present invention can also be applied to a splicing structure in which the splicing seam is smaller, and the outer glass plate 70, the rear projection screen 25, and the light transmissive plate 72 respectively correspond to the projector, as shown in Fig. 18. The invention can also be applied to a smaller splicing seam, and the outer glass plate 70 is shared by a plurality of rear projection units, and the rear projection screen 25 and the light transmissive plate 72 respectively correspond to the projector-splicing structure, as shown in FIG. Shown. The invention can also be applied to the splicing seam being smaller, and the outer glass plate 70 and the rear projection screen 25 are shared by a plurality of rear projection units, and the light transmissive plate 72 and the projector are correspondingly arranged in the splicing structure, as shown in FIG. 20 Shown. The invention can also be applied to a splicing structure in which the splicing seam is smaller, and the outer glass plate 70, the rear projection screen 25, and the light transmissive plate 72 are shared by a plurality of rear projection units, as shown in FIG.
本发明的屏幕系统可以没有外层玻璃板 70。 外层玻璃板 70和透光板 72可以是有机玻 璃或其它任何可以透射光线的板材。 当透光板 72使用与菲涅尔透镜 71相类似的材料时, 它可以与菲涅尔透镜 7 故成一体的形式, 所述菲涅耳透镜側面的切角则变形为其侧面的 沟槽结构。  The screen system of the present invention may have no outer glass sheet 70. The outer glass plate 70 and the light transmissive plate 72 may be organic glass or any other plate that transmits light. When the light-transmitting plate 72 uses a material similar to that of the Fresnel lens 71, it may be in a form integral with the Fresnel lens 7, and the chamfered surface of the Fresnel lens is deformed into a groove on the side thereof. structure.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例, 本发明的保护范围并不局限于此, 任何基于本 发明技术方案上的等效变换均属于本发明保护范围之内。  The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any equivalent transformation based on the technical solutions of the present invention is within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

权 利 要 求 书 Claim
1、 一种无缝拼接显示系统的图像处理方法, 其特征在于, 该方法所采用的图像处理 装置包括接入模块、 存储模块、 图像分割处理模块、 图像亮度调节模块、 输出模块, 以 及由两个或以上显示单元组成的显示模块, 该实现无缝拼接大屏幕显示的图像处理方法 包括如下步骤: An image processing method for a seamless splicing display system, characterized in that the image processing device used in the method comprises an access module, a storage module, an image segmentation processing module, an image brightness adjustment module, an output module, and A display module composed of one or more display units, and the image processing method for seamlessly splicing a large screen display includes the following steps:
(1)图像数据经过接入模块写入存储模块;  (1) image data is written into the storage module through the access module;
(2)图像分割处理模块读取存储模块中图像数据, 将图像分割成若干图像块, 并在每 个相邻图像块的衔接边缘部分均增加上缝隙图像, 形成的图像为子图像, 其中, 缝隙图 像和分割后各自图像块边缘部分的图像相同;  (2) The image segmentation processing module reads the image data in the storage module, divides the image into a plurality of image blocks, and adds a gap image to the connecting edge portion of each adjacent image block, and the formed image is a sub-image, wherein The slit image is the same as the image of the edge portion of each image block after the segmentation;
(3)图像亮度调节模块对各子图像中的缝隙图像的亮度进行调节, 使各相邻子图像在 缝隙处亮度实现平滑过渡;  (3) The image brightness adjustment module adjusts the brightness of the slit image in each sub-image, so that the brightness of each adjacent sub-image is smoothly transitioned at the gap;
(4)子图像数据通过输出模块将子图像传到相应的显示单元进行显示, 各相邻子图像 的缝隙图像经过引导光学结构, 引导到与相邻显示单元间的缝隙中, 使显示单元拼接缝 隙处所形成的暗线变亮。  (4) The sub-image data is transmitted to the corresponding display unit through the output module for display, and the slit image of each adjacent sub-image is guided to the gap between the adjacent display unit through the guiding optical structure, so that the display unit is spliced The dark line formed at the gap becomes bright.
2、 如权利要求 1所述的无缝拼接显示系统的图像处理方法, 其特征在于, 该方法采 用延时读取的方式实现图像数据的复制, 或采用重复读取同一存储地址数据的方式实现 图像数据的复制。  2. The image processing method of the seamless splicing display system according to claim 1, wherein the method adopts a delayed reading method to realize image data copying, or adopts a method of repeatedly reading the same storage address data. Copy of image data.
3、 如权利要求 1所述的无缝拼接显示系统的图像处理方法, 其特征在于, 所述图像 分割处理模块中包括有第一延时电路和第二延时电路, 当拼接大屏幕为由水平方向上排 成一排的若千个显示单元组成的拼接方式,采用延时读取的方式实现图像数据的复制时, 所述步骤 (2 ):  The image processing method of the seamless splicing display system according to claim 1, wherein the image segmentation processing module includes a first delay circuit and a second delay circuit, when the large screen is spliced When the splicing method consisting of a thousand display units arranged in a row in the horizontal direction is used to realize the copying of the image data by using the delayed reading method, the step (2):
图像分割处理模块对存储模块内图像数据进行读取, 同时对每行读取的像素进行计 数, 当读完每行的第 N个像素后, 就通过图像分割处理模块中的第一延时电路对数据进 行读取, 其中延时时间为读取 A个像素的时间长度, 当读取完每行第 N+2A个像素后, 在 原来第一延时电路基础上再通过第二延时电路对数据进行读取, 其中延时时间也为读取 A个像素的时间长度, 其中, N为分割的图像块每行的像素个数, A为缝隙图像的像素宽 度个数。  The image segmentation processing module reads the image data in the storage module, and simultaneously counts the pixels read in each row. After reading the Nth pixel of each row, the first delay circuit in the image segmentation processing module is passed. Reading the data, wherein the delay time is the length of time for reading A pixels. After reading the N+2A pixels of each line, the second delay circuit is passed on the basis of the original first delay circuit. The data is read, wherein the delay time is also the length of time for reading A pixels, where N is the number of pixels per line of the divided image block, and A is the number of pixel widths of the slot image.
4、 如权利要求 1所述的无缝拼接显示系统的图像处理方法, 其特征在于, 当拼接大 屏幕为由水平方向上排成一排的若千个显示单元组成的拼接方式, 采用重复读取同一存 储地址数据的方式实现图像数据的复制时, 所述步驟 (2 ):  4. The image processing method of the seamless splicing display system according to claim 1, wherein when the splicing large screen is a splicing manner consisting of thousands of display units arranged in a row in the horizontal direction, repeated reading is adopted. When the image data is copied by the same storage address data, the step (2) is as follows:
通过图像分割处理模块产生的读数据地址, 对数据进行读取, 同时对每行读取的像 素数据进行计数, 计数到分割图像块的边缘像素时, 对边缘像素进行重复读取。  The data is read by the read data address generated by the image segmentation processing module, and the pixel data read by each line is counted. When the edge pixels of the divided image block are counted, the edge pixels are repeatedly read.
5、 如权利要求 1所述的无缝拼接显示系统的图像处理方法, 其特征在于, 所述图像 分割处理模块中包括有第一延时电路和第二延时电路, 当拼接大屏幕为由水平方向和垂 直方向若干个显示单元组成的拼接方式, 采用延时读取的方式实现图像数据的复制时, 所述步骤 (2 ): The image processing method of the seamless mosaic display system according to claim 1, wherein the image segmentation processing module includes a first delay circuit and a second delay circuit, when the large screen is spliced A splicing method composed of a plurality of display units in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, when the image data is copied by using a delayed reading method, The step (2):
图像分割处理模块对存储器内图像数据进行读取, 同时图像分割处理模块对每行读 取的像素以及写入的行数进行计数, 当读取完每行的第 N个像素后, 就通过图像分割处 理模块中的第一延时电路对数据进行读取, 其中延时时间为读取 A个像素的时问长度, 当读取完每行第 N+2A个像素后,就在原来第一延时电路基础上再通过第二延时电路对数 据进行读取, 其中延时时间也为读取 A个像素的时间长度, 其中, N为分割的图像块每行 的像素个数, A为缝隙图像的像素宽度个数;  The image segmentation processing module reads the image data in the memory, and the image segmentation processing module counts the pixels read in each row and the number of rows written, and after reading the Nth pixel of each row, the image is passed. The first delay circuit in the segmentation processing module reads the data, wherein the delay time is the time length of reading A pixels, and after reading the N+2A pixels of each row, the first time is On the basis of the delay circuit, the data is read by the second delay circuit, wherein the delay time is also the length of time for reading A pixels, where N is the number of pixels per line of the divided image block, A is The number of pixel widths of the slit image;
当计算到读取的行数为分割的图像块的边缘行, 同样通过延时电路实现整个边缘行 的重复读取。  When it is calculated that the number of lines read is the edge line of the divided image block, the repeated reading of the entire edge line is also performed by the delay circuit.
6、 如权利要求 1所述的无缝拼接显示系统的图像处理方法, 其特征在于, 当拼接大 屏幕为由水平方向和垂直方向若干个显示单元组成的拼接方式, 采用重复读取同一存储 地址数据的方式实现图像数据的复制时, 所述步骤 (2 ):  The image processing method of the seamless splicing display system according to claim 1, wherein when the splicing large screen is a splicing manner composed of a plurality of display units in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction, the same storage address is repeatedly read. When the data is copied in the manner of image data, the step (2) is as follows:
通过图像分割处理模块内部产生的读数据地址, 对数据进行读取, 同时对每行读取 的像素数据以及行数进行计数, 计数到分割图像块间拼接处的边缘像素时, 对边缘像素 进行重复读取。  The data is read by the read data address generated by the image segmentation processing module, and the pixel data and the number of rows read in each row are counted, and when the edge pixels at the splicing position between the divided image blocks are counted, the edge pixels are counted. Repeat reading.
7、 一种用以实现如权利要求 1〜6所述的图像处理方法的实现无缝拼接显示的图像处 理装置, 其包括接入模块、 输出模块、 屋示模块, 其特征在于: 其进一步包括连接在接 入模块和输出模块之间的依次连接的存储模块、 图像分割处理模块、 图像亮度调节模块, 所述显示模块由两个或以上显示单元組成, 各显示单元均包括设有引导光学结构的菲涅 尔透镜。  An image processing apparatus for implementing a seamless mosaic display for implementing the image processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising an access module, an output module, and a housing module, wherein: a storage module, an image segmentation processing module, and an image brightness adjustment module connected between the access module and the output module, wherein the display module is composed of two or more display units, each of the display units includes a guiding optical structure Fresnel lens.
8、 如权利要求 7所述的实现无缝拼接显示的图像处理装置, 其特征在于, 该引导光 学结构是设置在屏幕系统侧面的散射光学结构或折射光学结构。  8. The image processing apparatus for seamlessly splicing display according to claim 7, wherein the guiding optical structure is a scattering optical structure or a refractive optical structure disposed on a side of the screen system.
9、 如权利要求 8所述的实现无缝拼接显示的图像处理装置, 其特征在于, 该引导光 学结构是在菲涅尔透镜边缘直接增加散射层或透光微结构层而实现。  9. The image processing apparatus for seamlessly splicing display according to claim 8, wherein the guiding optical structure is realized by directly adding a scattering layer or a light transmitting microstructure layer at the edge of the Fresnel lens.
10、 如权利要求 8所述的实现无缝拼接显示的图像处理装置, 其特征在于, 屏幕系统 还包括设在菲浬尔透镜与固定支架间的玻璃板; 所述光学结构为菲涅尔透镜与玻璃板相 接触的面的边缘棱上分別设置的切角,或为设置在菲涅尔透镜或 /和玻璃板侧面上的散射 层或透光微结构层; 菲涅尔透镜上切角的切削面与菲涅尔透镜正面的夹角大于屏幕正面 显示图像对应边缘光线的角度, 玻璃板上切角的切削面与菲 尔透镜正面的夹角小于或 等于 60° 。  10 . The image processing apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the screen system further comprises a glass plate disposed between the film and the fixing bracket; the optical structure is a Fresnel lens. a chamfer provided on the edge edge of the face in contact with the glass plate, or a scattering layer or a light transmissive microstructure layer disposed on the side of the Fresnel lens or/and the glass plate; a chamfered lens on the Fresnel lens The angle between the cutting surface and the front surface of the Fresnel lens is greater than the angle of the edge light of the image displayed on the front of the screen, and the angle between the cutting surface of the chamfer on the glass plate and the front surface of the Phil lens is less than or equal to 60°.
11 . 如权利要求 9或 10所述的实现无缝拼接显示的图像处理装置, 其特征在于, 所述 透光微结构层为台阶状微棱镜层, 或为有序排列的微球缺层、 微锥体层。  The image processing apparatus for seamlessly splicing display according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the light transmissive microstructure layer is a stepped microprism layer, or an ordered array of microspheres, Micro cone layer.
12、 如权利要求 8所述的实现无缝拼接显示的图像处理装置, 其特征在于, 该引导光 学结构是将菲涅尔透镜边缘设置成锯齿结构而实现。  12. The image processing apparatus for seamlessly splicing display according to claim 8, wherein the guiding optical structure is realized by arranging the Fresnel lens edge into a sawtooth structure.
13、 如权利要求 8所述的实现无缝拼接显示的图像处理装置, 其特征在于, 所述光学 结构为在菲涅尔透镜边缘上设置的沟槽, 沟槽表面为光滑面或磨砂面; 所述沟槽的开口 指向外側, 沟槽靠近屏幕的倾斜面与菲涅尔透镜正面的夹角大于屏幕正面显示图像对应 边缘光线的角度, 沟槽远离屏幕的倾斜面与菲涅尔透镜正面的夹角小于或等于 60° 。 13. The image processing apparatus of claim 8, wherein the optical structure is a groove provided on an edge of the Fresnel lens, and the surface of the groove is a smooth surface or a frosted surface; Opening of the groove Pointing to the outside, the angle between the inclined surface of the groove near the screen and the front surface of the Fresnel lens is larger than the angle of the corresponding edge light of the image displayed on the front of the screen, and the angle between the inclined surface of the groove away from the screen and the front surface of the Fresnel lens is less than or equal to 60. ° .
14、 如权利要求 8所述的实现无缝拼接显示的图像处理装置, 其特征在于, 所述光学 结构为在屏幕系统与固定支架相接触的位置靠近固定支架处设置的折射光楔。  14. The image processing apparatus for seamlessly splicing display according to claim 8, wherein the optical structure is a refracting wedge disposed near the fixed bracket at a position where the screen system is in contact with the fixed bracket.
15、 如权利要求 14所述的实现无缝拼接显示的图像处理装置, 其特征在于, 所述固 定支架为透光固定支架; 或为与屏幕系统接触的一端是透光的固定支架。  15. The image processing apparatus of claim 14, wherein the fixing bracket is a light-transmitting fixing bracket; or the one end in contact with the screen system is a light-transmitting fixing bracket.
16、 如权利要求 8所述的实现无缝拼接显示的图像处理装置, 其特征在于, 所述光学 结构是在所述菲涅尔透镜相互拼接的侧面设有切角。  16. The image processing apparatus for seamlessly splicing display according to claim 8, wherein the optical structure is provided with a chamfered surface on a side surface where the Fresnel lenses are spliced to each other.
17、 如权利要求 16所述的实现无缝拼接显示的图像处理装置, 其特征在于, 相邻两 个显示单元间存在拼接缝, 每个显示单元由投影机及屏幕系统按照光路依次设置构成, 所述菲涅尔透镜侧面的切角设置于菲涅耳透镜的四周靠近投影机一侧, 其深度小于屏幕 系统正面显示图像边缘对应的光线在菲涅尔透镜内部折射和传播路径位置。  17. The image processing apparatus of claim 16, wherein a stitching seam exists between two adjacent display units, and each display unit is sequentially arranged by the projector and the screen system according to the optical path. The chamfered surface of the Fresnel lens is disposed near the side of the Fresnel lens near the projector, and the depth is smaller than the position of the light corresponding to the edge of the image displayed on the front of the screen system in the Fresnel lens.
18、 如权利要求 16所述的实现无缝拼接显示的图像处理装置, 其特征在于, 所述拼 接缝还设置有引导光线向屏幕系统正面传播的透光薄片或透光板。  18. The image processing apparatus of claim 16, wherein the stitching seam is further provided with a light transmissive sheet or a light transmissive sheet that directs light to propagate toward the front of the screen system.
PCT/CN2010/071155 2009-04-29 2010-03-19 Image processing method and device for seamless splice display system WO2010124542A1 (en)

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CN 200910039102 CN101556425B (en) 2009-04-29 2009-04-29 Seamless splicing method of back projection unit and special optical structure
CN200910039102.3 2009-04-29
CN2009100415634A CN101644876B (en) 2009-07-31 2009-07-31 Splicing display system capable of removing splicing black lines of back projection units
CN200910041563.4 2009-07-31
CN2009101926529A CN101692335B (en) 2009-09-24 2009-09-24 Image processing method and device thereof for achieving seamless splicing large screen display
CN200910192652.9 2009-09-24

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