WO2010099677A1 - 一种大加工台面机床用的积木式精密平口钳 - Google Patents
一种大加工台面机床用的积木式精密平口钳 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010099677A1 WO2010099677A1 PCT/CN2009/072271 CN2009072271W WO2010099677A1 WO 2010099677 A1 WO2010099677 A1 WO 2010099677A1 CN 2009072271 W CN2009072271 W CN 2009072271W WO 2010099677 A1 WO2010099677 A1 WO 2010099677A1
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- Prior art keywords
- movable
- jaw
- pliers
- clamp
- nut seat
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/066—Bench vices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/061—Work-clamping means adapted for holding a plurality of workpieces
Definitions
- the invention belongs to a working part of a machine tool, and specifically relates to a modular precision flat-end pliers suitable for use on a machine tool having a large processing work surface such as a machining center, a portal milling machine, a planer. Background technique
- Machine tools with large processing work surfaces such as machining centers, gantry milling machines, and planer machines, which are commonly used at present, generally have one or two flat pliers for the work surface to fix the workpiece to be processed.
- the conventional structure of the pliers is composed of a clamp seat, a fixed jaw fixed to the jaw seat, a movable jaw slidingly fitted on the jaw seat, a screw rod rotatably fitted to the jaw seat, and a nut mounted on the movable jaw. The nut and the screw rod are threaded.
- the applicant has proposed a precision pliers for a machine tool that can quickly move a movable jaw by Chinese Patent Application No. 200710030192.0.
- Chinese Patent Application No. 200710030192.0 By improving the conventional structure of the pliers, the prior art has troublesome operation and low work efficiency. Problems such as being too fast or excessively worn and damaged, resulting in reduced accuracy and shortened life.
- the structure is composed of a clamp seat, a fixed jaw fixed on the clamp seat, a movable jaw slidingly fitted on the clamp rail, and a fast moving mechanism mounted on the clamp seat and engaging with the movable jaw, and the feature is: the clamp a rack gear is arranged on both sides of the seat rail, and the fast moving mechanism is composed of a nut seat slidingly fitted on the clamp rail, a thrust screw threaded on the nut seat, and a tensioner disposed in the nut seat, the expander
- the utility model is composed of a pair of movable tooth blocks, a tensioning control rod and a return spring which are slidingly fitted on the inner groove of the nut seat, and the outer side of the movable tooth block has a tooth row which is engaged with the racks on both sides of the clamp rail, and the tension control The control portion on the rod cooperates with the mating portion on the inner side of the movable tooth block, the rod portion of the tension control rod cooperates with the nut seat, the handle end of the handle is outside
- the machine tool In order to overcome the existing use of the flat-end pliers structure on the machine tool with large processing work surface, the machine tool is mostly single-piece processing and the work efficiency is not high, which makes the machine part of the machine produce obvious local wear and shorten the service life of the machine tool.
- a workpiece having a poor rigidity is not highly processed, and the object of the present invention is to provide an improved modular precision pliers for a large-machine table machine which can overcome the drawbacks of the prior art.
- a building block type precision pliers for a large processing table machine tool which is a set of flat mouth pliers mounted on a working machine table surface, characterized in that: the group of flat mouths
- the pliers comprise three or more independent flat pliers arranged in parallel, wherein each of the independent pliers is composed of a clamp seat, a fixed jaw fixed to the jaw seat, and two or more sliding joints on the clamp rail.
- a movable jaw a fast moving mechanism mounted on the jaw seat, the outer side of the jaw rail is provided with a tooth row, the fast moving mechanism is a nut seat slidingly fitted on the jaw rail, and the thread is matched with the nut
- the thrust screw on the seat is formed on the two sides of the nut seat and is matched with the outer side tooth row of the clamp rail. The pushing end of the thrust screw cooperates with a movable jaw.
- the expander of the above technical solution may be a movable tooth block that is slidably fitted to the side of the nut seat, a bolt that is screwed to the side of the nut seat and is pushed and engaged with the movable tooth block, and is fitted to the side of the nut seat and the movable tooth block.
- the return spring is composed of a tooth row on the movable tooth block and a tooth row on the outer side of the clamp rail.
- the fixing jaw and the movable jaw of the above technical solution can be provided with a mounting groove and a mounting screw hole on the top surface thereof for mounting clamps or pressure blocks of various specifications and various shapes, and expanding the fixing jaws and activities. Clamping or crimping function of the jaws.
- the movable jaw of the above technical solution can also be provided with a positioning mechanism, so that the movable jaw can be used as The fixed jaws are used, or they can be used to compress the workpiece.
- the positioning mechanism of the movable jaw may be provided by a positioning tooth row below the tooth row of the outer side of the clamp rail, a positioning tooth block slidably fitted to the side of the movable jaw, and disposed between the side of the movable jaw and the positioning tooth block.
- the return spring is formed by a bolt placed on the movable jaw and threadedly engaged with the positioning tooth block, and the tooth row on the positioning tooth block is engaged with the positioning tooth row.
- the fixed jaw of the above technical solution may also be constituted by one of the above-mentioned fast moving mechanism and a movable jaw matched with the same, so that the jaws on both sides of a single independent pliers can be used as fixed jaws, and all activities can be performed. Use the jaws.
- the independent pliers can be positioned and locked by another movable jaw in between to form a fixed jaw in the intermediate position.
- the independent pliers of the above technical solution can also be arranged as follows: more movable jaws are fitted on the clamp rails, and the movable jaws at the two ends and the middle are locked and locked to become fixed jaws, and then pushed by two directions.
- the device pushes the other movable jaws toward the fixed jaws to form a plurality of clamp stations with the same processing conditions.
- the two-way pusher can be a left and right spin wire.
- the nipper surface of the fixed jaw or the movable jaw of the above technical solution may also be equipped with a stepped gasket, the function of which is:
- a stepped gasket the function of which is:
- the modular precision pliers are a set of flat jaws mounted on a work surface of a machine tool
- the set of flat pliers comprises three or more independent flat pliers arranged in parallel, each of which is independent
- the pliers each have two or more movable jaws.
- the thrust screw of the rapid-moving mechanism cooperates with a movable jaw. Therefore, the machine table can have multiple clamp stations, and multiple workpieces can be clamped at one time.
- the machine work surface is filled like a building block, and the material is used as much as possible. This can not only improve the working efficiency, but also reduce the local wear of the machine tool moving parts and improve the service life of the machine tool.
- building block precision pliers can also pass Install clamps or clamps of various sizes and shapes on the fixed jaws and movable jaws.
- the movable jaws can be used as fixed jaws, and the fixed jaws can be used as movable jaws to make blocks.
- Precision pliers have a versatile, all-round machining feature like a building block when clamping a workpiece.
- Figure 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of the independent pliers 1 of Figure 1.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 2;
- Fig. 4 is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Fig. 2;
- Figure 5 is a schematic enlarged view of five jaws that can be mated with the mounting slots and mounting holes of Figure 1.
- Figure 6 is a perspective view of a separate pliers in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 7 is a perspective view of a separate pliers in accordance with yet another modified embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 8 is a schematic view of the independent pliers 1 of Figure 1 with a stepped gasket mounted thereon.
- Figure 9 is a schematic illustration of the stepped gasket separated from Figure 8.
- the building block precision pliers for the machining table machine of the present invention are a set of pliers mounted on the working surface of a machine tool, characterized in that: the set of pliers includes six identical sets of parallel Independent pliers of the structure 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, wherein the independent pliers 1 are composed of a jaw 7, a fixed jaw 8 fixed to the jaw 7, and three slidingly fitted on the jaw rail 9.
- the movable jaws 10, 11 and 12 are formed by a quick-moving mechanism 13 mounted on the jaw base 7.
- the outer side of the jaw rail 9 is provided with a tooth row 14 and the like, and the rapid-moving mechanism 13 is slidably fitted on the jaw rail 9.
- the end 18 cooperates with a movable jaw 10.
- the expander 17 is fitted with a movable tooth block 19 slidably fitted to the side of the nut seat 15, a bolt 20 threadedly fitted to the side of the nut seat 15 and movably engaged with the movable tooth block 19, and fitted to the nut seat.
- the return spring 21 between the side portion 15 and the movable tooth block 19 is formed, and the tooth row 22 on the movable tooth block 19 is engaged with the outer side tooth row 14 of the clamp rail 9 .
- the movable jaw 10 is provided with a positioning mechanism.
- the positioning mechanism is provided by a positioning tooth row 23 below the two outer side tooth rows 14 of the jaw rail 9 and a positioning tooth block 24 slidably fitted to the side of the movable jaw 10.
- a return spring 25 disposed between the side of the movable jaw 11 and the positioning block 24, a bolt 26 disposed through the movable jaw 11 and threadedly engaged with the positioning block 24, and the positioning block 24 is provided with teeth thereon
- the row 27 cooperates with the positioning tooth row 23.
- the fixed jaws 8 and the movable jaws 10, 11, and 12 are provided with mounting grooves 28, 29, and the like on the top surface thereof, and mounting screw holes 30, 31, and the like.
- the jaws 32, 33, 34, 35 or 36 can be attached to the fixed jaws 8 and the movable jaws 10, 11, 12 by means of mounting grooves 28, 29 and the like and mounting screw holes 30, 31 and the like.
- the fixed jaws may be constituted by a quick moving mechanism 37 and a movable jaw 38 fitted thereto, so that the jaws of the two independent jaws 39 have the same jaw structure and can be used as fixed jaws. It can also be used as a movable jaw.
- the fast moving mechanism 37 on both sides of the independent pliers 39 and the mating movable jaw 38, the fast moving mechanism 40 and the mating movable jaw 41 are both actuated jaws, the independent pliers 39 can be used by another movable jaw in the middle.
- the port 42 is positioned and locked to become a fixed jaw in the middle position to be suitable for some kind of addition. Work requirements.
- this is a self-contained pliers for a modified embodiment of a machining requirement with seven movable jaws 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48 and 49 mated to a jaw 50 And become the independent pliers 51, wherein the movable jaws 43, 49 at the two ends and the movable jaw 46 in the middle are locked and locked into a fixed jaw, and then the two bidirectional pushers 52, 53 respectively push other activities.
- the jaws 44, 45 and 47, 48 are moved toward the fixed jaws 43, 46 and 49, respectively, to form a plurality of clamp stations having the same processing conditions.
- the two-way pusher 52 or 53 is a left and right rotary screw having opposite threads on both ends, and the two-way pushers 52 and 53 are engaged with the screw holes on the movable jaws 44, 45 and 47, 48, respectively.
- the stepped spacers 57 and 59 are identical in structure to the stepped spacer 55
- the stepped spacers 58 and 60 are identical in structure to the stepped spacer 56
- the stepped spacers 55 and 56 are provided with 7 103 ⁇ 4 bodies 61 and 62, mounted
- the step washer 55 or 56 - close to the jaws - is attracted to the jaws.
- fastening with a screw connection is also possible, but it is more troublesome.
- a plurality of workpieces can be placed between the fixed jaw 8 and the movable jaw 12, etc., between the movable jaw 12 and the movable jaw 11, etc., the movable jaw 11, etc. a plurality of clamp stations such as the clamp 7 and the like between the movable jaws 10 and the like; when the retractor 17 or the like of the rapid-moving mechanism 13 or the like is in the state of FIG.
- the quick-moving mechanism 13 or the like is pushed by hand to make it
- the movable jaws 10 and the like are quickly swept to the right, to the fixed jaws 8, etc., the movable jaws 12, the movable jaws 11, etc., and the movable jaws 10 are all in contact with the respective workpieces; the bolts of the upper tensioning device 17, etc. 20, etc., the tooth row 22 and the like on the movable tooth block 19 and the like are engaged with the tooth row 14 or the like of the clamp rail 9 and the like, and the rapid moving mechanism 13 or the like is fixed to the clamp rail 9 or the like, and the thrust is tightened.
- the screw 16 and the like clamp the plurality of workpieces on the machine table 54 at a time, so that the workpiece can be filled on the machine table 54.
- the thrust screw 16 and the like are relaxed, and the movable jaws 10, 11 are pushed by hand. 12 and so on to the left, the workpiece can be removed from the clamp 5 and so on.
- the bolts 26 and the like can be tightened, the positioning block 24 and the like are moved up, and the tooth row 27 and the like are aligned with the positioning tooth row 23 of the jaw rail 9.
- the movable jaw 10, 11 or 12 is fixed to the clamp base 7; when the bolt 26 or the like is released, the positioning tooth block 24 and the like are moved down by the return spring 25, and the tooth row 27 and the like are aligned with the positioning tooth row 23 of the clamp rail 9 and the like.
- the movable jaws 10, 11 or 12 can slide on the jaws 7.
- the jaws 32, 33, 34, 35 or 36 can be mounted to the fixed jaws 8 and the movable jaws 10, 11,
- the mounting grooves 28, 29 and the like on the 12 are mounted on the screw holes 30, 31, and the like.
- the stepped spacers 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60 need to be mounted on the fixed jaw 8 and the movable jaws 10, 11, 12, the stepped spacers 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60 are brought close to The clamping jaws of the fixed jaws 8 and the movable jaws 10, 11, 12, under the action of the permanent magnets 61, 62, etc., the stepped spacers 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60 are respectively clamped to the fixed jaws 8 and the clamping faces of the movable jaws 10, 11, 12, at which time the bottom surface of the workpiece having a lower height can be placed on the top surface of the stepped spacers 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60 due to The stepped gaskets 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60 are prefabricated normalized parts, so the level of the workpiece need not be measured before the workpiece is placed on it.
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
- Gripping Jigs, Holding Jigs, And Positioning Jigs (AREA)
Description
一种大加工台面机床用的积木式精密平口钳
技术领域
本发明属于机床工作部件, 具体是指一种适于加工中心、 龙门铣床、 龙门刨床等具有较大型加工工作台面的机床上使用的积木式精密平口钳。 背景技术
目前普遍使用的加工中心、 龙门铣床、 龙门刨床等具有较大型加工工 作台面的机床, 其工作台面一般安装有一至二台平口钳, 用以将待加工工 件固定。 平口钳的传统结构是由钳座、 固定在钳座上的固定钳口、 滑动配 合在钳座上的活动钳口、 转动配合在钳座上的丝杆和安装在活动钳口上的 螺母构成, 其中螺母与丝杆作螺紋配合。
本申请人曾通过中国专利申请第 200710030192.0号提出一种可快速移 动活动钳口的机床上用的精密平口钳, 通过改进平口钳的传统结构, 解决 现有技术存在的操作麻烦、 工作效率低、 容易过快或过度磨损和损坏、 使 精度降低和寿命缩短等问题。 其结构由钳座、 固定在钳座上的固定钳口、 滑动配合在钳座导轨上的活动钳口、 安装在钳座上与活动钳口配合的快速 移动机构构成, 特征是: 所述钳座导轨两侧设有齿条, 所述快速移动机构 由滑动配合在钳座导轨上的螺母座、 螺紋配合在螺母座上的推力螺杆、 设 置于螺母座内的张缩器构成, 张缩器由一对滑动配合在螺母座内槽上的活 动齿块、 张缩控制杆、 回位弹簧构成, 活动齿块外侧各有与钳座导轨两侧 的齿条卡合的齿排, 张缩控制杆上的控制部与活动齿块内侧的配合部相配 合, 张缩控制杆的杆部与螺母座配合、 其手把端头处于螺母座外, 回位弹 簧二端各连接于二活动齿块上, 推力螺杆的推动端与活动钳口配合。
但是, 不论将上述哪一种平口钳安装到加工中心、 龙门铣床、 龙门刨
床等具有较大型加工工作台面的机床上使用, 都会存在这样的缺陷: 一是 一般多为独件加工, 工作效率不高; 二是当经常性或成批加工较小工件或 在工件上进行局部加工时, 会使机床运动部位产生明显的局部磨损, 缩短 机床使用寿命; 三是对于加工刚性较差的工件, 其加工精度不高。 发明内容
为了克服现有具有较大型加工工作台面的机床上使用平口钳结构造成 机床存在的一般多为独件加工、 工作效率不高, 易使机床运动部位产生明 显的局部磨损、 缩短机床使用寿命, 加工刚性较差的工件其加工精度不高 等缺陷, 本发明的目的是提供一种改进的大加工台面机床用的积木式精密 平口钳, 可以克服现有技术的缺陷。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是: 一种大加工台面机床用 的积木式精密平口钳, 是安装在一台机床工作台面的一组平口钳, 其特征 是: 所述一组平口钳包括三个或三个以上平行设置的独立平口钳, 其中每 个独立平口钳均由钳座、 固定在钳座上的固定钳口、 滑动配合在钳座导轨 上的二个或二个以上的活动钳口、 安装在钳座上的快速移动机构构成, 所 述钳座导轨两外侧面设有齿排, 所述快速移动机构由滑动配合在钳座导轨 上的螺母座、 螺紋配合在螺母座上的推力螺杆、 设置于螺母座两侧部上与 钳座导轨两外侧面齿排配合的张缩器构成, 推力螺杆的推动端与一个活动 钳口配合。
上述技术方案的张缩器可以由滑动配合在螺母座侧部的活动齿块、 螺 紋配合在螺母座侧部并与活动齿块作推动配合的螺栓、 配合在螺母座侧部 与活动齿块之间的回位弹簧构成, 活动齿块上有齿排与钳座导轨两外侧面 齿排卡配。
上述技术方案的固定钳口和活动钳口均可以在其顶面设有安装槽和安 装螺孔, 用以安装各种规格尺寸、 各种形状的钳块或压块, 扩大固定钳口 和活动钳口的夹钳或夹压功能。
上述技术方案的活动钳口还可以设有定位机构, 使活动钳口可以作为
固定钳口使用、 或可以适用于压紧工件的情况。 活动钳口的定位机构可以 由处于钳座导轨两外侧面齿排下方的定位齿排、 滑动配合于活动钳口侧部 的定位齿块、 设于活动钳口侧部与定位齿块之间的回位弹簧、 穿置于活动 钳口并与定位齿块螺紋配合的螺栓构成, 定位齿块上的齿排与定位齿排卡 配。
上述技术方案的固定钳口也可以由一个上述快速移动机构和一个与其 配合的活动钳口构成, 这样可使一个独立平口钳的两边的钳口都可以做固 定钳口使用、 也都可以做活动钳口使用。 当一个独立平口钳的两边的钳口 都为活动钳口时, 独立平口钳可以由其中间的另一个活动钳口定位锁紧后 成为一个处于中间位置的固定钳口。
上述技术方案的独立平口钳还可以这样设置: 将更多的活动钳口配合 在钳座导轨上, 将处在两端和中间的活动钳口定位锁紧后成为固定钳口, 再由双向推动器来推动其它的活动钳口朝固定钳口移动, 构成多个加工条 件完全相同的夹钳工位。 双向推动器可以是一个左右旋丝杆。
上述技术方案的固定钳口或活动钳口的夹钳面上还可以安装有台阶垫 片, 其作用是: 一些工件高度较小, 加工时其底面不宜放置在钳座导轨顶 面而要夹钳在钳口半腰, 这种情况加工前需要测量工件的水平度, 安装台 阶垫片后, 可以方便工件放置并且加工前不需要测量工件的水平度。 台阶 垫片的具体规格尺寸可以根据实际需要确定。
本发明的有益效果: 由于积木式精密平口钳是安装在一台机床工作台 面的一组平口钳, 所述一组平口钳包括三个或三个以上平行设置的独立平 口钳, 其中每个独立平口钳均具有二个或二个以上的活动钳口, 快速移动 机构的推力螺杆与一个活动钳口配合, 所以机床工作台面上可以具有多个 夹钳工位, 一次可以将多个工件夹固在机床工作台面上, 象拼积木一样将 机床工作台面排满, 物尽其用, 这样工作效率不但可以成倍提高, 而且可 以减少机床运动部位产生局部磨损, 提高机床使用寿命; 由于机床工作台 面具有较多夹钳工位, 所以刚性较差的工件可以通过增加其夹钳点使其具 有较好的加工刚性, 保证其加工精度。 另外, 积木式精密平口钳还可以通
过在固定钳口和活动钳口上安装各种规格尺寸、 各种形状的钳块或压块, 活动钳口可以作为固定钳口使用,固定钳口可以作为活动钳口使用等措施, 从而使积木式精密平口钳在夹钳工件时就象拼积木那样具有万能型的、 全 方位的加工特点。
以下结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。 附图说明
图 1是本发明一种实施例的立体示意图。
图 2是图 1中独立平口钳 1的局部放大图。
图 3是图 2的 A-A剖视示意放大图。
图 4是图 2的 B-B剖视示意放大图。
图 5是五种可与图 1中安装槽和安装螺孔相匹配的钳块示意放大图。 图 6是本发明另一种实施例的一个独立平口钳的立体示意图。
图 7是本发明又一种变形实施例的一个独立平口钳的立体示意图。 图 8是图 1的中的独立平口钳 1安装有台阶垫片的示意图。
图 9是从图 8中分离出来的台阶垫片的示意图。
图中: 1、 2、 3、 4、 5和 6、 独立平口钳; 7、 钳座; 8、 固定钳口; 9、 钳座导轨; 10、 11和 12、 活动钳口; 13、 快速移动机构; 14、 齿排; 15、 螺母座; 16、 推力螺杆; 17、 张缩器; 18、 推动端; 19、 活动齿块; 20、 螺栓; 21、 回位弹簧; 22、 齿排; 23、 定位齿排; 24、 定位齿块; 25、 回 位弹簧; 26、 螺栓; 27、 齿排; 28和 29、 安装槽; 30和 31、 安装螺孔; 32、 33、 34、 35和 36、 钳块; 37、 快速移动机构; 38、 活动钳口; 39、 独 立平口钳; 40、 快速移动机构; 41和 42、 活动钳口; 43、 44、 45、 46、 47、 48和 49、 活动钳口; 50、 钳座; 51、 独立平口钳; 52和 53、 双向推动器; 54、 机床工作台面; 55、 56、 57、 58、 59和 60、 台阶垫片; 61和 62、 永 磁体。 具体实施方式
参照图 1 ~图 5,本大加工台面机床用的积木式精密平口钳,是安装在 一台机床工作台面的一组平口钳, 特征是: 所述一组平口钳包括六个平行 设置的相同结构的独立平口钳 1、 2、 3、 4、 5、 6, 其中独立平口钳 1由钳 座 7、 固定在钳座 7上的固定钳口 8、滑动配合在钳座导轨 9上的三个活动 钳口 10、 11和 12、 安装在钳座 7上的快速移动机构 13构成, 钳座导轨 9 两外侧面设有齿排 14等, 快速移动机构 13由滑动配合在钳座导轨 9上的 螺母座 15、螺紋配合在螺母座 15上的推力螺杆 16、设置于螺母座 15两侧 部上与钳座导轨 9两外侧面齿排 14等配合的张缩器 17构成,推力螺杆 16 的推动端 18与一个活动钳口 10配合。
另外, 参照图 3, 张缩器 17由滑动配合在螺母座 15侧部的活动齿块 19、 螺紋配合在螺母座 15侧部并与活动齿块 19作推动配合的螺栓 20、 配 合在螺母座 15侧部与活动齿块 19之间的回位弹簧 21构成, 活动齿块 19 上有齿排 22与钳座导轨 9两外侧面齿排 14卡配。
参照图 4, 活动钳口 10设有定位机构, 定位机构由处于钳座导轨 9两 外侧面齿排 14等下方的定位齿排 23、滑动配合于活动钳口 10侧部的定位 齿块 24、设于活动钳口 11侧部与定位齿块 24之间的回位弹簧 25、穿置于 活动钳口 11并与定位齿块 24螺紋配合的螺栓 26构成, 定位齿块 24由其 上的齿排 27与定位齿排 23配合。
参照图 1, 固定钳口 8和活动钳口 10、 11、 12均在其顶面设有安装槽 28、 29等和安装螺孔 30、 31等。 参照图 5, 钳块 32、 33、 34、 35或 36 等可以利用安装槽 28、 29等和安装螺孔 30、 31等加装在固定钳口 8和活 动钳口 10、 11、 12上。
参照图 6, 固定钳口可以由一个上述快速移动机构 37和一个与其配合 的活动钳口 38构成, 这样可使一个独立平口钳 39的两边的钳口结构都一 样、 都可以做固定钳口使用、 也都可以做活动钳口使用。 当独立平口钳 39 的两边的快速移动机构 37和配合的活动钳口 38、快速移动机构 40和配合 的活动钳口 41都作为活动钳口时, 独立平口钳 39可由其中间的另一个活 动钳口 42定位锁紧后成为一个处于中间位置的固定钳口,以适用于某种加
工要求。
参照图 7, 这是适用于某种加工要求的变形实施例的一个独立平口钳, 其上有七个活动钳口 43、 44、 45、 46、 47、 48和 49配合在一钳座 50上而 成为独立平口钳 51, 其中处于两端的活动钳口 43、 49和处于中间的活动 钳口 46定位锁紧后成为固定钳口, 再由二个双向推动器 52、 53来分别推 动其它的活动钳口 44、 45和 47、 48分别朝固定钳口 43、 46和 49移动, 构成多个加工条件完全相同的夹钳工位。 双向推动器 52或 53均是一个两 头各设有方向相反螺紋的左右旋丝杆, 双向推动器 52和 53分别与活动钳 口 44、 45和 47、 48上的螺孔配合。
参照图 8, 这是一个独立平口钳的固定钳口 8和活动钳口 10、 11、 12 都安装上台阶垫片 55、 56、 57、 58、 59、 60的状态。 参照图 9, 台阶垫片 57和 59与台阶垫片 55结构相同, 台阶垫片 58和 60与台阶垫片 56结构 相同, 台阶垫片 55和 56上均设有 710¾体 61和 62, 安装时台阶垫片 55或 56—靠近钳口, 就被吸紧在钳口上。 当然采用螺钉连接紧固也可以, 但麻 烦一些。
装夹工件时, 就图 1状态, 可将多个工件放在固定钳口 8等和活动钳 口 12等之间、 活动钳口 12等与活动钳口 11等之间、 活动钳口 11等与活 动钳口 10等之间的钳座 7等的多个夹钳工位上; 在快速移动机构 13等的 张缩器 17等处于图 3状态时, 用手推动快速移动机构 13等使之连同活动 钳口 10等快速往右滑动, 至固定钳口 8等、 活动钳口 12等、 活动钳口 11 等和活动钳口 10等均与各自对应的工件接触; 上紧张缩器 17等的螺栓 20 等,使活动齿块 19等上的齿排 22等与钳座导轨 9等的齿排 14等互相卡合, 这时快速移动机构 13等被固定在钳座导轨 9等上, 上紧推力螺杆 16等将 多个工件一次夹固在机床工作台面 54上, 这样可将工件在机床工作台面 54上排满; 加工完成后, 放松推力螺杆 16等, 用手推动活动钳口 10、 11、 12等往左滑动, 工件就可依次从钳座 5等上取下。 当需要将活动钳口 10、 11或 12固定在钳座 5上时, 可上紧螺栓 26等, 使定位齿块 24等上移而 其齿排 27等与钳座导轨 9的定位齿排 23等互相卡合, 这时活动钳口 10、
11或 12便被固定在钳座 7上; 放松螺栓 26等时, 定位齿块 24等在回位 弹簧 25的作用下下移,其齿排 27等与钳座导轨 9的定位齿排 23等互相分 离, 活动钳口 10、 11或 12便可在钳座 7上滑动。 需要在固定钳口 8和活 动钳口 10、 11、 12顶面安装钳块时, 可将钳块 32、 33、 34、 35或 36等安 装到固定钳口 8和活动钳口 10、 11、 12上的安装槽 28、 29等和安装螺孔 30、 31等上。 当需要在固定钳口 8和活动钳口 10、 11、 12上安装台阶垫 片 55、 56、 57、 58、 59、 60时, 将台阶垫片 55、 56、 57、 58、 59、 60靠 近固定钳口 8和活动钳口 10、 11、 12的夹钳面, 在永磁体 61、 62等作用 下, 台阶垫片 55、 56、 57、 58、 59、 60就分别吸紧在固定钳口 8和活动钳 口 10、 11、 12的夹钳面上, 这时, 高度较小的工件的底面就可放置在台阶 垫片 55、 56、 57、 58、 59、 60的顶面上, 由于台阶垫片 55、 56、 57、 58、 59、 60是预制的规格化零件, 所以工件放置于其上加工前不需要测量工件 的水平度。
Claims
1、一种大加工台面机床用的积木式精密平口钳,是安装在一台机床工 作台面的一组平口钳, 其特征是: 所述一组平口钳包括三个或三个以上平 行设置的独立平口钳, 其中每个独立平口钳均由钳座、 固定在钳座上的固 定钳口、 滑动配合在钳座导轨上的二个或二个以上的活动钳口、 安装在钳 座上的快速移动机构构成, 所述钳座导轨两外侧面设有齿排, 所述快速移 动机构由滑动配合在钳座导轨上的螺母座、 螺紋配合在螺母座上的推力螺 杆、 设置于螺母座两侧部上与钳座导轨两外侧面齿排配合的张缩器构成, 推力螺杆的推动端与一个活动钳口配合。
2、按权利要求 1所述的大加工台面机床用的积木式精密平口钳,其特 征是所述张缩器由滑动配合在螺母座侧部的活动齿块、 螺紋配合在螺母座 侧部并与活动齿块作推动配合的螺栓、 配合在螺母座侧部与活动齿块之间 的回位弹簧构成, 活动齿块上有齿排与钳座导轨两外侧面齿排卡配。
3、 按权利要求 1或 2所述的大加工台面机床用的积木式精密平口钳, 其特征是所述活动钳口设有定位机构, 定位机构由处于钳座导轨两外侧面 齿排下方的定位齿排、 滑动配合于活动钳口侧部的定位齿块、 设于活动钳 口侧部与定位齿块之间的回位弹簧、 穿置于活动钳口并与定位齿块螺紋配 合的螺栓构成, 定位齿块上的齿排与定位齿排卡配。
4、 按权利要求 1或 2所述的大加工台面机床用的积木式精密平口钳, 其特征是所述固定钳口或活动钳口, 其顶面设有安装钳块或压块的安装槽 和安装螺孔。
5、 按权利要求 1或 2所述的大加工台面机床用的积木式精密平口钳, 其特征是所述固定钳口由一个所述快速移动机构和一个与其配合的活动钳 口构成。
6、按权利要求 5所述的大加工台面机床用的积木式精密平口钳,其特 征是所述独立平口钳由其中间的一个活动钳口定位锁紧成为处于中间位置 的固定钳口。
7、 按权利要求 1或 2所述的大加工台面机床用的积木式精密平口钳, 其特征是所述固定钳口或活动钳口的夹钳面上安装有台阶垫片。
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