WO2010097038A1 - 一种柔性的适合生产各种高强钢的带钢处理线 - Google Patents

一种柔性的适合生产各种高强钢的带钢处理线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010097038A1
WO2010097038A1 PCT/CN2010/070730 CN2010070730W WO2010097038A1 WO 2010097038 A1 WO2010097038 A1 WO 2010097038A1 CN 2010070730 W CN2010070730 W CN 2010070730W WO 2010097038 A1 WO2010097038 A1 WO 2010097038A1
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station
cooling
strength
hot
steel
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PCT/CN2010/070730
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李俊
张理扬
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宝山钢铁股份有限公司
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Priority to BRPI1008468-1A priority Critical patent/BRPI1008468B1/pt
Priority to KR1020117021691A priority patent/KR101395044B1/ko
Priority to JP2011550412A priority patent/JP5670919B2/ja
Priority to RU2011139832/02A priority patent/RU2506321C2/ru
Publication of WO2010097038A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010097038A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/06Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/04Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • C21D9/48Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals deep-drawing sheets
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/003Apparatus
    • C23C2/0038Apparatus characterised by the pre-treatment chambers located immediately upstream of the bath or occurring locally before the dipping process
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/02Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/02Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • C23C2/022Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by heating
    • C23C2/0224Two or more thermal pretreatments
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/02Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • C23C2/024Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by cleaning or etching
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/26After-treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/34Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
    • C23C2/36Elongated material
    • C23C2/40Plates; Strips

Definitions

  • the invention relates to strip steel heat treatment and surface treatment technology, in particular to a flexible strip processing line suitable for producing various high strength steels. Background technique
  • high-strength plates and high-surface-quality plates are usually produced at the same time, while high-strength steels, especially ultra-high-strength steels and high-surface-quality plates, have completely different surface quality requirements.
  • High-strength steel is generally used for automotive structural parts, so the surface quality is not high, and the outer surface of the car is extremely demanding.
  • high surface quality plates represented by automobile outer panels are generally wider, but thinner in thickness, while high-strength steels, especially ultra-high-strength steels, are generally thicker but narrower.
  • the unit for producing high surface quality plates does not require high cooling rate of the furnace, but it has high requirements for the high-speed stable plate technology for preventing buckling and broken belts at high temperatures.
  • the tension required for each furnace section is low and stable.
  • the unit that produces high-strength steel has high requirements on the cooling rate of the fast cooling section of the furnace, and the high-strength steel with thick and narrow specifications is easy to run off.
  • the strip shape is worse and the deviation is more serious after the strip cold-phase transformation. Therefore, the tension of each furnace section of the unit is required to be large and the correcting ability of the unit's roller system is required.
  • the requirements for the leveling machine are also different.
  • the improvement and improvement of the surface quality is extremely important. It is required to have a larger flat work roll diameter and a larger rolling force.
  • the high yield strength of high-strength steel products the excessively large roll diameter of the smoothing work rolls will greatly increase the rolling force of the leveling machine, increase the power consumption and investment of the leveling machine, so generally use a smaller diameter flat work roll, which is larger.
  • the flattening tension, and the appropriate smoothing rolling force to improve the shape of the high-strength steel are also different.
  • high-strength steels especially ultra-high-strength steels
  • have fewer types of specifications for each type of specification but the total number of varieties is larger, which makes the switching of continuous heat treatment units increase and the transition time increases. This seriously affects the stable operation and production efficiency of large-scale continuous heat treatment units. Therefore, for large steel joint ventures, when there are multiple continuous heat treatment units at the same time, in order to ensure the high-speed and stable operation of other continuous heat treatment units, keep the units in constant In a good condition, the surface quality of the product is excellent, and a continuous heat treatment line for producing high-strength steel is urgently needed.
  • the high-strength cold-rolled sheet is produced by a continuous annealing unit with a rapid cooling device.
  • the continuous annealing unit must be equipped with water quenching, aerosol cooling or high-hydrogen jet cooling.
  • the main processes for continuous annealing are:
  • the continuous annealing process is to heat the unrolled cleaned cold-rolled steel strip to a certain temperature for a period of time, and after cooling to a certain temperature, it is cooled to a room temperature or an overaging temperature in a rapid cooling device at a rapid cooling rate.
  • Water quenching is the fastest cooling method at present, and it is also a cheaper method for producing high-strength steel. It can also produce high-strength two-phase, multi-phase and martensitic high strength by adding a small amount of alloying elements. Steel, when the method is water-cooled, an oxide film is formed on the surface of the strip, which requires additional pickling. When water quenching is used, it is difficult to terminate the cooling at the overaging temperature, so the strip has to be cooled below locrc. Therefore, it is necessary to reheat to the tempering temperature for tempering to ensure the anti-aging stability of the steel strip.
  • the cooling end temperature is controllable, the strip steel does not need to be cooled to room temperature, and does not oxidize, so the strip does not need to be acid washed and directly enters overaging or reheating. After entering the aging effect, the cooling rate of the high-hydrogen jet cooling method is slower than that of the water quenching. Therefore, under the premise of adding the same alloying elements, the cold-rolled sheet produced by high-hydrogen jet cooling has a higher strength grade than water quenching. It's much lower.
  • the high-strength hot-dip galvanized sheet is produced by a continuous hot-dip galvanizing unit with a rapid cooling device.
  • the continuous hot-dip galvanizing unit In order to maximize the strength of the substrate and ensure the hot-dip galvanizing, the continuous hot-dip galvanizing unit must be equipped with a high-hydrogen jet rapid cooling device. Water quenching or aerosol cooling and pickling equipment, the main processes of continuous hot-dip galvanizing are: unwinding, cleaning, heating, soaking, cooling, rapid cooling, one (sour washing), one (reheating), one heat Galvanized (or including alloying annealing of the coating) A cooling, leveling, finishing, and finishing of a high-strength hot-dip galvanized sheet.
  • the continuous hot-dip galvanizing process is to heat the unrolled cleaned cold-rolled strip steel to a soaking temperature, keep it for a certain period of time, and slowly cool to a certain temperature and then cool to the zinc pot temperature in a fast cooling device at a rapid cooling rate. Near or at room temperature, the water-quenched strip is also subjected to acid washing to remove the oxide film on the surface of the strip, and then reheated into the zinc pot for hot-dip galvanizing or alloying annealing, and finally cooled to the leveling and other post-treatment steps.
  • the alloying annealing treatment after hot-dip galvanizing must be completed at about 50 CTC. If a high-strength grade hot-dip galvanized sheet is produced on a conventional continuous hot-dip galvanizing line, it must be A large amount of alloying elements are added to the substrate, but this leads to the enrichment of alloying elements such as Mn and Si on the surface of the steel sheet before galvanizing, and it is impossible to obtain hot-dip galvanizing and hot-dip galvanized sheet with good surface quality. Therefore, the process of quenching water + pickling + reheating + hot-dip galvanizing (or including alloying annealing) can greatly improve the strength grade of the steel plate. On the other hand, pickling can also wash away the surface of the strip. The alloying elements are guaranteed to obtain high-strength hot-dip galvanizing and its alloyed annealed sheets with good surface quality.
  • the strip steel can be directly galvanized (or include alloying annealing treatment) or reheated into the zinc pot by hot-dip galvanizing (or including plating alloying) without acid pickling. Annealing), and then cooling into a post-processing process such as leveling, but when this process is used, in order to ensure platability, too many alloying elements cannot be added, and the strength level of the finished product is low under the same chemical composition conditions.
  • high-hydrogen rapid cooling produces hot-dip galvanizing and its alloyed hot-dip galvanized sheet with a lower strength level.
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-253413 provides a high-strength cold-rolled steel sheet and a galvanized steel sheet manufacturing apparatus and a combined manufacturing method, which can be an annealing furnace equipped with a heating section, a soaking section, and a jet cooling section.
  • the steel plate is supplied for galvanizing equipment to manufacture a galvanized steel sheet, that is, a galvanizing passage path.
  • the steel sheet which is discharged from the annealing furnace can be supplied to the water quenching tank without passing through a galvanizing device to manufacture High-strength cold-rolled steel sheet, that is, the cold-rolled bare-plate channel path.
  • This patent is a dual-purpose manufacturing method of a galvanized sheet and a high-strength cold-rolled steel sheet characterized by two process path switching devices.
  • the process adopted by the method includes three types: 1. The switching device between the zinc pot and the water quenching tank is directly disposed after the jet cooling section; The zinc pan and the sinking roller in the water quenching tank are lifted and lowered to realize the switching; 3. The switching is realized by injecting zinc liquid or water into the common bath of galvanizing/water quenching.
  • the patented combined manufacturing method can not only produce high-strength grade hot-dip galvanized and coated alloyed hot-dip galvanized sheets, even good. Low-strength phase transformation of surface quality, hot-dip galvanizing and plated alloyed hot-dip galvanized sheet cannot be produced;
  • the high-strength cold-rolled sheet produced by the combined manufacturing method of the patent not only has a poor surface quality, but also has a plasticity and anti-aging stability.
  • the process realization method of the patented dual-purpose manufacturing method is difficult to operate in actual production. When switching between the galvanized sheet and the cold-rolled sheet, the residual zinc on the roll surface will seriously affect the surface quality of the cold-rolled sheet and the unit. Normal operation, and the sharing of the zinc pot and the water quenching tank will bring many difficult technical problems and expensive switching costs such as bursting of the zinc pot. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a flexible strip steel processing line suitable for producing various high-strength steels, which can produce cold-rolled sheets with high strength by using cold-rolled hardened rolled hard materials and hot-rolled pickled sheets.
  • a flexible strip steel processing line suitable for producing various high-strength steels which are set as follows: unwinding, cleaning, heating, soaking, slow cooling, jet cooling, water quenching, pickling, reheating, overaging , final cooling, leveling, finishing, oiling, coiling station;
  • an electroplating station which is connected to the unwinding cleaning station, the pickling station and the reheating station through the connecting passage; the hot-dip galvanizing and the alloying annealing treatment station thereof, through the hot-dip galvanizing furnace nose Connect the reheating station, connect the final cooling station through the connecting channel; passivation and other post-processing stations, respectively connect the plating, leveling and finishing stations through the connecting channel; the reheating station passes the movable side The through passage is connected with the overage station, and when the cold rolled plate is retracted, the movable bypass passage is put into operation, and when the hot dip galvanizing and the alloyed annealing product are produced, the movable bypass passage exits and exits Seal at the interface.
  • the jet cooling is cooled by high hydrogen jet.
  • the passivation and other post-treatment stations are connected to a finishing, oiling, or coiling station.
  • the bypass passage is different from the connecting passage.
  • the bypass passage is a sealed passage.
  • the atmosphere in the passage is substantially the same as the atmosphere in the annealing furnace, and the nitrogen-hydrogen mixed protective gas containing 2% to 7% of hydrogen is used.
  • the connecting channels are generally not sealed and do not require shielding gas.
  • an induction heater is provided after the pickling section.
  • the treatment line of the present invention can control the strip temperature, reheating speed and temperature after rapid cooling, and does not require pickling, and can sufficiently satisfy the equipment requirements of the high-strength board manufacturing process.
  • the flexible strip processing line suitable for producing various high-strength steels has unique advantages, and has obvious outstanding features and advantages compared with existing heat treatment units:
  • the most common continuous annealing units can only produce general cold products.
  • the most common continuous hot dip galvanizing units can only produce hot-dip pure zinc and coated alloy hot-dip galvanized products.
  • Even the recently developed de-hot galvanizing dual-purpose unit can only produce both cold and hot-dip galvanized products.
  • this type of anti-heating galvanizing dual-purpose unit is not aimed at high-strength steel, especially ultra-high-strength steel, so the advantages of many varieties are not obvious.
  • the flexible high-strength steel strip processing line of the invention is equipped with a high-hydrogen high-speed jet cooling device and a water quenching device, and is particularly suitable for the production of high-strength steel and ultra-high-strength steel with a large variety of specifications, and can not only produce each Cold-rolled high-strength steel and ultra-high-strength steel (strength up to 1470MPa) of various strength grades, and can produce various hot-dip galvanized high-strength steels with the highest strength grade of 980MPa, in addition to various strength grades. Electroplated zinc, electroplated nickel and its electroplated zinc-nickel alloy products.
  • the multi-functional processing line has the characteristics of multi-function and multi-variety compared with other cold-rolled strip processing lines, and can obtain a variety of high-strength steel products including hot-dip, cold-plated and electroplated with minimum investment. To meet the needs of the current automotive industry for a variety of high-strength steel varieties.
  • the invention adopts a novel high-hydrogen high-speed jet cooling device and a new water quenching device, high-strength steel of the same strength grade can be used with a lower alloy content, saving alloying elements and reducing production costs, and at the same time, for steel making, hot rolling, pickling And the production requirements of the cold rolling process are reduced, the production is more stable and straightforward, and the cost is correspondingly reduced.
  • the flexible processing line can specifically produce various high-strength steels, the connection and transition of various high-strength steels are more convenient, while others
  • the unit does not need to increase the investment for the production of a small amount of ultra-high-strength steel, thus liberating other units, which greatly reduces the overall production cost of the entire company;
  • the processing line of the present invention is specifically designed for processing various high-strength steel products, more effective measures can be taken for the production process requirements of high-strength steel to improve the quality of its products.
  • the unit adopts new high-hydrogen high-speed jet cooling and new water quenching technology to greatly increase the cooling rate, so that the alloy content of high-strength steel chemical components of the same strength grade is greatly reduced. It not only reduces the production cost but also significantly improves the splicing performance and platability of high-strength steel products.
  • the technique of the present invention adopts a new process of water-quenching and pickling and then hot-plating after electroplating, the platability of the high-strength steel is further fundamentally improved, so that the surface quality and corrosion resistance of the hot-dip galvanized high-strength steel are significantly improved. improve. BRIEF abstract
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a process route according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the process route of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a block diagram showing the process route of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a block diagram of a process route according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a block diagram of a process route according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a block diagram showing a process route of a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a block diagram of a process route of a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a block diagram of a process route of an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a block diagram of a process route of a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the process route of this embodiment is: raw material 1 unwinding cleaning 2 - heating 3 - soaking 4 - slow cooling 5 - jet cooling 6 (high hydrogen jet cooling) over aging 10 - final cooling 1 1 flattening 12 - Finishing 13 Oiling and post-treatment 14 One roll 15 - Finished product 16.
  • the process of the invention can produce general cold-rolled sheet and phase-strengthened high-strength steel cold-rolled sheet, and is particularly suitable for producing cold-rolled TRIP steel and DP steel below 80 kg, and producing cold-rolled 80 kg-grade TRIP steel and 80 kg-grade DP steel.
  • the process parameters are shown in Table 1.
  • Table 1 for TRIP steel, it is important to control the soaking temperature, aging temperature and time of its continuous annealing, which is not required for rapid cooling rate; and for high-strength DP steel, continuous annealing
  • the key process control parameters are soaking temperature and rapid cooling rate, especially for rapid cooling rate. As for aging, it is required to have low temperature and short time to avoid decomposition of martensite.
  • the process does not require pickling and reheating processes, and the heat treatment process has a lower production cost and an excellent surface quality.
  • the process route of this embodiment is: raw material 1 unwinding cleaning 2 - heating 3 - soaking 4 - slow cooling 5 - jet cooling 6 (high hydrogen jet cooling) reheating 9 overaging 10 - final cooling 1 1 Leveling 12—Finishing 13 Oiling and post-treatment 14 One roll 15 – Finished product 16.
  • the process of the invention can realize the over-aging process after high temperature and low temperature, and the process can produce mild steel products with excellent anti-aging performance by using low carbon aluminum killed steel to produce low carbon aluminum with excellent anti-aging property.
  • the process parameters of the sedated mild steel product are shown in Table 2.
  • Table 2 in order to produce low carbon aluminum killed steel with excellent anti-aging properties, it is important to control the soaking temperature and aging process of continuous annealing. In order to analyze the solid solution carbon in the steel, it must be achieved after the low temperature.
  • the high temperature overaging process the treatment line of the present invention satisfies the process requirements by reheating after rapid cooling. This process is also suitable for the production of phase transformation strengthened martensitic and duplex steels.
  • the present invention is equipped with a high-power induction heater after processing the high-hydrogen jet cooling section on the line, which can control the heating speed and temperature after rapid cooling, and does not require pickling, and can fully satisfy the high-strength plate manufacturing process.
  • Equipment requirements Table 2 Process parameters of low carbon aluminum killed steel and martensitic steel
  • the strip steel may be first cooled to below the martensite transformation point, and after martensite transformation, tempering is performed to achieve quenching and tempering, and tempered martensite structure is obtained to adjust
  • the comprehensive properties of the steel sheet produce a high-strength dual-phase steel sheet which is better than the strength and plasticity of the dual-phase steel product of Example 1, and can also produce a martensitic steel having a lower strength grade but better plasticity.
  • the process parameters for the production of martensitic steel products are also shown in Table 2.
  • the process route of this embodiment is: raw material 1 unwinding cleaning 2 - electroplating 17 (electroplating Fe or Ni) and heating 9 hot-dip galvanizing 18 alloying 19 - final cooling 11 - flat 12 - passivation (or including coating Oil) and post-treatment 20 - finishing 13 oiling and post-treatment 14 one coil 15 - finished product 16.
  • the high-strength or ultra-high-strength hot-rolled pickling plate (such as hot-rolled high-strength steel) is used as a raw material, and the surface of the high-strength steel is hot-dip galvanized by plating a layer of extremely thin elements such as Ni and Fe. Then, it is heated to 450 ⁇ 550 °C, hot-dip galvanized into the zinc pot (or alloyed with the coating), and then cooled into a smoothing process. Due to the short reheating galvanizing time (within one minute), the ultra-high-strength hot-rolled pickling hot-dip galvanized sheet with good surface quality can be greatly reduced or even avoided, thereby greatly reducing the production cost.
  • the process parameters for the production of ultra-high-strength hot-rolled pickling hot-dip galvanizing advanced high-strength steel products are shown in Table 3.
  • the treatment line of the present invention can produce an ultra-high strength hot rolled hot-dip galvanized sheet, eliminating the cold rolling process, which is also one of the features of the present invention.
  • the process route of this embodiment is: raw material 1 unwinding cleaning 2 - heating 3 - soaking 4 - slow cooling 5 (including high hydrogen section when slow cooling) 1 water quenching cooling 7 - pickling 8 reheating 9 Overage 10 - Final cooling 11 - Leveling 12 - Finishing 13 Oiling and post-treatment 14 One roll 15 - Finished product 16.
  • the process of the embodiment adopts a water quenching and tempering process, and can produce an ultra-high strength steel cold-rolled plate with good surface quality. Due to the water quenching process that is faster than the high hydrogen jet cooling, it can be in the same chemical composition Under the conditions, the strength grade of the cold-rolled sheet is greatly improved, or the content of the high-strength steel alloy of the same strength grade can be significantly reduced, and the splicing performance of the product is obviously improved. In addition, after pickling, the pickling process can be used to wash away the surface of the strip steel. The iron oxide scale ensures a good surface quality of the steel sheet.
  • the process route of this embodiment is: raw material 1 unwinding cleaning 2 - heating 3 - soaking 4 - slow cooling 5 - high hydrogen cooling 6 (high hydrogen jet cooling) a hot dip galvanizing 18 or including alloying 19
  • the process of the embodiment can produce high-strength hot-dip galvanizing and high-strength hot-dip galvanizing steel and its alloyed hot-dip galvanized steel sheet, and is particularly suitable for producing hot-dip galvanized TRIP steel and DP steel with lower strength grade, and the operating cost of the unit is simple due to the simple production process. Lower.
  • Example 6
  • the process route of this embodiment is: raw material 1 unwinding cleaning 2 - heating 3 - soaking 4 - slow cooling 5 - high hydrogen cooling 6 (high hydrogen jet cooling) repeatedly heating 9 hot dip galvanizing 18 or including alloy 19 - final cooling 11 - leveling 12 - passivation and other post-treatment 20 - finishing 13 - oiling 14 - coiling 15 - finished product 16; post-treatment including pre-phosphating, passivation.
  • the process of this embodiment can produce hot-dip galvanized high-strength steel sheets of higher strength grade and having good surface quality.
  • the process of the invention adopts high-hydrogen jet cooling to rapidly cool the strip steel to below the phase transformation point to complete the martensite transformation, and then heats to about 46 CTC to complete the hot-dip galvanizing, thereby reducing the demand for hardenability of the raw steel sheet, partially eliminating
  • the shortcoming of the current process is that the addition of more alloying elements in the steel (in order to improve the hardenability of the steel sheet to complete the martensitic transformation after hot-dip galvanizing) causes the enrichment of alloying elements such as Mn and Si on the surface of the steel sheet to affect heat. Galvanized for platability.
  • the process of the invention can reduce the alloying element content of the substrate to a certain extent, and at the same time, since the alloying elements in the steel are small, the platability and the splicing performance can be ensured, and finally the good surface quality and the user performance are obtained. Hot-dip galvanized high strength steel plate.
  • the process route of this embodiment is: raw material 1 unwinding cleaning 2 - heating 3 - soaking 4 - slow cooling (high hydrogen cooling section is also used as slow cooling section) 5 - water quenching cooling 7 - pickling 8 - Reheating 9 - hot dip galvanizing 18 - alloying 19 - final cooling 11 - leveling 12 - finishing 13 - oiling 14 - coiling 15 - finished product 16; Treatment includes pre-phosphating, passivation.
  • the process of this example can produce a hot-dip galvanized high-strength steel sheet having a higher surface quality than that of Example 6.
  • the process of the invention adopts water quenching with faster cooling rate instead of high-hydrogen jet cooling, which can greatly improve the strength of the steel plate under the same substrate chemical composition condition, and the oxidation of the steel strip surface due to water quenching can be washed off by the pickling process.
  • Iron sheet, at the same time, pickling can also wash away surface-enriched alloying elements such as Mn and Si, which can ensure the subsequent hot-dip galvanizing platability and obtain hot-dip galvanized high-strength steel sheet with good surface quality.
  • the process route of this embodiment is: raw material 1 unwinding cleaning 2 - heating 3 - soaking 4 - slow cooling (high hydrogen cooling section is also used as slow cooling section) 5 - water quenching cooling 7 - pickling 8 - Plating 17 (electroplating Fe or Ni) repeated heating 9 hot-dip galvanizing 18 alloying 19 a final cooling 1 1 flattening 12 - passivation and other post-treatment 20 - finishing 13 - oiling 14 a coil 15 - finished 16; Post-treatment includes pre-phosphorization and passivation.
  • the process of this embodiment is similar to the process of Embodiment 7, except that after the pickling, an electroplating Fe or Ni process is added, and a layer of Fe or Ni is electroplated on the surface of the steel plate, which changes the surface condition of the steel plate before hot-dip galvanizing, thereby completely solving the problem.
  • These ultra-high-strength steel hot-dip galvanizing can not be plated.
  • the process of the present embodiment can produce a double-plated ultra-high-strength hot-dip galvanized sheet having a high corrosion resistance and a high surface quality, and is also one of the features of the present invention.
  • the process route of this embodiment is: raw material 1 unwinding cleaning 2 - heating 3 - soaking 4 - slow cooling (high hydrogen cooling section is also used as slow cooling section) 5 - water quenching cooling 7 - pickling 8 - Plating 17 (electroplating Ni, Zn) - passivation and post-treatment 20 - finishing 13 oiling and post-treatment 14 one coil 15 - finished product 16.
  • the process of the present embodiment combines the continuous annealing process and the electroplating process for producing cold-rolled electrogalvanized and nickel steel plates into one, and can complete continuous annealing and electroplating on one unit, thereby conveniently producing electrogalvanized, electroplated nickel or electroplating.
  • Zinc-nickel alloy steel plate which not only reduces the investment cost, improves the production efficiency, but also reduces the amount of head-to-tail removal and increases the yield.
  • steel with lower alloying elements can be used.
  • the production of high-strength cold-rolled electro-galvanized and nickel-plated steel sheets can also produce electro-galvanized and nickel-soft steel products with excellent stamping properties.
  • the slow cooling before water quenching is a high-hydrogen cooling section with strong cooling capacity, which creates a good precondition for water quenching and cooling, and can appropriately reduce the water quenching water.
  • the temperature thus creating conditions for the improvement of the final product shape quality.

Abstract

一种柔性的适合生产各种高强钢的薄带钢处理线,其设置如下:依次为开卷清洗、加热、均热、缓冷、喷气冷却、水淬冷却、酸洗、再加热、过时效、最终冷却、平整、精整、涂油、卷取工位。另外,还设有:电镀工位,通过连接通道分别与开卷清洗、酸洗及再加热工位相连接;热镀锌及其镀层合金化退火处理工位, 通过热镀锌炉鼻子接再加热工位, 通过连接通道接镀后冷却和最终冷却工位;钝化及其它后处理工位,通过连接通道分别接电镀、平整、精整工位;所述的再加热工位通过可移动的旁通通道与过时效 工位连通。本发明将普通冷轧板、热镀锌及其镀层合金化退火板的生产以及电镀 Zn、Ni板,特别是超高强度等级的冷轧板、电镀锌板和热镀锌及其镀层合金化退火板的生产集成在一条机组上,实现柔性化生产。

Description

一种柔性的适合生产各种高强钢的带钢处理线 技术领域
本发明涉及带钢热处理及表面处理技术, 特别涉及一种柔性的适合生产各 种高强钢的带钢处理线。 背景技术
保护环境, 实现可持续发展, 已经成为 21世纪人类的共识。 随着现代汽车 工业的发展, 减重节能已经成为大势所趋。 汽车轻量化研究的结果表明, 为达到 "减重节能, 减少排放"的目的, 汽车工业必须大量使用高强度钢以减薄所用钢 板厚度。 因此, 对高强度冷轧板及热镀锌板的需求都大大增加了。
在目前的冷轧连续热处理机组中, 通常同时生产高强度板与高表面质量板 材(如汽车外板), 而高强钢尤其是超高强钢和高表面质量板材对表面质量的要 求是完全不同的。高强钢由于一般用于汽车结构件因此对表面质量要求不高, 而 汽车外板对表面质量要求极高。在一条大型连续热处理机组生产少量高强钢特别 是超高强钢时, 由于钢板强度较高、 板形较差, 使得炉辊易结瘤或局部擦伤磨损 等, 从而使机组生产完高强钢之后接下来不能够生产高表面质量板, 因此不得不 停机更换被损坏的炉辊,而庞大的连续热处理炉停机降温和更换炉辊的时间损失 和炉辊备件损失都非常大,故对高强钢特别是超高强钢与高表面质量板在同一机 组的生产组织造成了巨大困难。
在规格方面, 以汽车外板为代表的高表面质量板一般较宽, 但厚度较薄, 而高强钢特别是超高强钢一般都较厚但比较窄。在一条连续热处理机组设计时要 同时兼顾这两种产品时, 技术难度高, 机组复杂且庞大, 投资必然很大。
在炉子的冷却技术方面也要求不同, 生产高表面质量板的机组对炉子的冷 却速率要求并不高,但对软钢在高温下防止瓢曲和断带的高速稳定通板技术要求 很高, 对各炉段要求张力低且稳定。而生产高强钢的机组则对炉子快冷段的冷却 速率要求很高, 而且厚窄规格的高强钢本身就容易跑偏, 这种带钢快冷相变之后 板形较差、跑偏更加严重, 因此对机组各炉段的张力要求较大且对机组辊系的纠 偏能力要求较高。
在平整机方面要求也有所不同, 对高表面质量要求的产品, 平整的目的除 了材料性能的控制、 板形改善之外, 表面质量的改进与提高是极为重要的, 故要 求有较大的平整工作辊辊径和较大的轧制力。而高强钢产品材料屈服强度高, 平 整工作辊辊径过大将大幅度提高平整机轧制力, 增加平整机的力能消耗和投资, 所以一般采用较小直径的平整工作辊, 较大的平整张力, 和适当的平整轧制力以 改善高强钢的板形。
在规格品种切换方面, 高强钢尤其是超高强钢, 由于每一品种规格的用量 较少但总的品种规格较多, 使得连续热处理机组生产时的切换增多、过渡时间增 长。这严重影响了大型连续热处理机组的稳定运行和生产效率, 因此对于大型钢 铁联合企业而言, 当同时拥有多条连续热处理机组时, 为了确保其它连续热处理 机组的高速稳定运行、 保持机组一直处于较好的状态, 使产品表面质量优良, 迫 切需要一条专门生产高强钢的连续热处理线。
高强度冷轧板采用具有快速冷却装置的连续退火机组生产, 为达到 980MPa 级及其以上的强度,同时具有优良的后续加工性能,连续退火机组必须装备水淬、 气雾冷却或高氢喷气冷却等快速冷却装置, 其连续退火的主要工艺为:
开卷一清洗一加热一均热一缓冷一快冷一 (酸洗) 一 (再加热) 一过时效 (回火) 一冷却一平整一精整一高强度冷轧板。
连续退火工艺为将经开卷清洗的冷轧带钢加热到一定的温度, 保温一段时 间, 缓冷至某一温度后在快冷设备中以很快的冷速冷却到室温或过时效温度。
水淬冷却是目前冷却速度最快的冷却方法, 也是一种较廉价的生产高强钢 的方法, 添加较少量的合金元素也可生产较高强度等级的双相、 多相及马氏体高 强钢, 该方法在水冷时, 带钢表面会形成一层氧化膜, 需要附加酸洗, 而且采用 水淬冷却时, 在过时效温度下终止冷却比较困难, 因此带钢不得不冷却到 locrc 以下, 故需重新加热到回火温度进行回火, 以保证钢带的抗时效稳定性。
当连续退火工艺采用高氢喷气冷却方法时, 冷却终点温度可控性强、 带钢 无需过冷至室温、也不会氧化, 因此带钢不需要经酸洗而直接进入过时效或经再 加热后进入过时效, 但高氢喷气冷却方法的冷却速度比水淬冷速慢, 因此在添加 相同的合金元素的前提条件下,采用高氢喷气冷却生产的冷轧板强度等级比采用 水淬冷却的要低得多。
高强度热镀锌板采用具有快速冷却装置的连续热镀锌机组生产, 为了尽可 能提高基板的强度及保证热镀锌可镀性,连续热镀锌机组必须具备装备有高氢喷 气快速冷却装置、 水淬或气雾冷却和酸洗装置, 其连续热镀锌的主要工艺为: 开卷一清洗一加热一均热一缓冷一快速冷却一 (酸洗) 一 (再加热) 一热 镀锌 (或包括镀层合金化退火) 一冷却一平整一精整一高强度热镀锌板。
连续热镀锌工艺为将经开卷清洗的冷轧带钢加热到某一均热温度, 保温一 定时间,缓冷至某一温度后在快冷设备中以很快的冷速冷却到锌锅温度附近或室 温, 水淬后的带钢还需经过酸洗洗去带钢表面的氧化膜, 经再加热进入锌锅热镀 锌或及镀层合金化退火, 最后经冷却进入平整等后处理工序。
由于带钢的热镀锌必须在 46CTC左右完成,热镀锌后的镀层合金化退火处理 必须在 50CTC左右完成, 如果在传统的连续热镀锌线上生产高强度等级的热镀锌 板, 必须在基板中加入大量合金元素, 但这又会导致镀锌前钢板表面合金元素如 Mn、 Si 的富集而不能获得具有良好表面质量的热镀锌及其镀层合金化热镀锌板 。 因此, 采用水淬冷却 +酸洗 +再加热 +热镀锌(或包括镀层合金化退火) 的工 艺一方面可以大大提高钢板的强度等级, 另一方面, 酸洗还可以洗去带钢表面富 集的合金元素,可以保证获得具有良好表面质量的高强度热镀锌及其镀层合金化 退火板。
当采用高氢快速冷却工艺时, 带钢可以不经过酸洗, 而直接进入锌锅热镀 锌(或包括镀层合金化退火处理)或经过再加热进入锌锅热镀锌(或包括镀层合 金化退火) , 之后经冷却进入平整等后处理工序, 但采用这种工艺时, 为保证可 镀性而不能加入过多的合金元素, 在相同化学成分条件下, 其成品的强度等级偏 低, 因此与水淬冷却相比, 高氢快冷在一定的合金成份范围内生产的热镀锌及其 镀层合金化热镀锌板强度级别较低。
由上可见, 生产高强度冷轧板及热镀锌板的生产工艺, 其原板的入口清洗 设备、 用于退火的加热和均热设备、 快速冷却及其相关设备(例如水淬冷却和酸 洗及再加热设备等) 、 出口的平整和涂油及卷取设备等的构成都是基本相同的, 因此可以将高强度冷轧板及热镀锌板的生产集成在一条机组上。更重要的是, 由 于高强度级别的冷轧板及热镀锌板的市场需求量都不是很大,如果分别建设生产 高强度冷轧板的生产线及高强度热镀锌板的生产线, 一方面将大大提高投资成 本, 另一方面两条机组的生产都将处于不饱和状态, 同时, 这种生产高强钢尤其 是超高强钢的机组又不适合生产高表面质量的软钢产品,而只能生产表面质量较 差的普通低档软钢产品, 从而造成严重的资源浪费。 因此, 如何合理布置机组各 段设备并研究开发钢板通板的切换设备,将规格品种较多而数量并不多的高强度 与超高强冷轧板及热镀锌板的生产集成在同一条机组上已经越来越引起钢铁界 的高度重视。 日本专利申请号特开平 2003— 253413提供了一种高强度冷轧钢板与镀锌钢 板兼用制造设备及兼用制造方法, 该方法可将从配备有加热段、 均热段、 喷气冷 却段的退火炉出来的钢板, 供镀锌装置以制造镀锌钢板, 即走镀锌通道路径, 另 夕卜, 还可将从前述退火炉出来的钢板, 不通过镀锌装置而供向水淬槽, 以制造高 强度冷轧钢板, 即走冷轧裸板通道路径。
该专利是具备两种工艺路径切换装置为特征的镀锌板和高强度冷轧钢板的 兼用制造方法。为实现镀锌板和高强度冷轧板的兼用制造, 该方法采取的工艺实 现途径包括三种: 1、在喷气冷却段后直接设置锌锅和水淬槽之间的切换装置; 2、 通过使锌锅及水淬槽中的沉没辊升降来实现切换; 3、通过在镀锌 /水淬共用槽中 注锌液或水来实现切换。
但是, 该专利的主要缺点是:
首先, 由于没有采用具有快速冷却能力的高氢喷气冷却和水淬及酸洗工艺, 该专利的兼用制造方法不仅不能生产高强度级别的热镀锌及镀层合金化热镀锌 板,甚至连良好表面质量的较低强度级别的相变强化热镀锌及镀层合金化热镀锌 板也不能生产;
其次, 由于没有采用水淬后的酸洗工艺及再加热回火工艺, 该专利的兼用 制造方法生产的高强度冷轧板不仅表面质量不好,而且塑性及抗时效稳定性都很 最后, 该专利的兼用制造方法的工艺实现途径 2和 3在实际生产中操作困 难, 当在镀锌板和冷轧板之间切换时, 辊面的残锌将严重影响冷轧板的表面质量 及机组的正常运行,而且锌锅和水淬槽的共用将带来锌锅的爆裂等很多难以解决 的技术问题和昂贵的切换成本。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种柔性的适合生产各种高强钢的薄带钢处理线, 该处理线可以采用冷轧硬化的轧硬材和热轧酸洗板生产出高强度的冷轧板、热镀 纯锌板、 镀层合金化热镀锌板和电镀锌、 镍板, 可有效利用资源、 节省投资, 将 普通冷轧板和热镀锌板及其镀层合金化热镀锌板的生产集成在一条机组上,并且 通过采用连接通道, 还可以生产电镀 Zn、 Ni板; 还可以生产超高强度等级的冷 轧板和热镀锌及其镀层合金化热镀锌板; 而且, 通过采用热镀锌前的酸洗工艺或 电镀 Fe、 Ni工艺, 该生产工艺及设备完全消除了高强钢特别是超高强钢热镀锌 可镀性不好的缺点,从而可以保证高强度热镀锌及其镀层合金化热镀锌产品良好 的表面质量。
为达到上述目的, 本发明的技术方案是:
一种柔性的适合生产各种高强钢的薄带钢处理线, 其设置如下: 依次为开 卷、 清洗、 加热、 均热、 缓冷、 喷气冷却、 水淬冷却、 酸洗、 再加热、 过时效、 最终冷却、 平整、 精整、 涂油、 卷取工位;
另外, 还设有: 电镀工位, 通过连接通道分别与开卷清洗工位、 酸洗工位 及再加热工位相连接; 热镀锌及其镀层合金化退火处理工位, 通过热镀锌炉鼻子 接再加热工位, 通过连接通道接最终冷却工位; 钝化及其它后处理工位, 通过连 接通道分别接电镀、 平整、 精整工位; 所述的再加热工位通过可移动的旁通通道 与过时效工位连通, 生产冷轧板连退产品时, 该可移动的旁通通道投入, 生产热 镀锌及其镀层合金化退火产品时, 该可移动的旁通通道退出, 退出的接口处进行 密封。
所述的喷气冷却采用高氢喷气冷却。
所述的钝化及其它后处理工位接精整、 涂油, 或卷取工位。
所述的旁通通道与连接通道不同, 旁通通道是一密封通道,通道内的气氛与 退火炉内的气氛基本相同, 含 2 %〜7 %氢气的氮氢混合保护气体。 而连接通道 一般不密封而无需保护气体。
另外, 酸洗段后配备感应加热器。
高氢喷气冷却段后配备的感应加热器, 优选地, 该感应加热器的频率在
1000Hz及其以上, 相比于现有处理线, 本发明处理线可以控制快冷后带钢温度、 再加热速度和温度, 而且不需要酸洗, 可以充分满足高强度板制造工艺的设备要 求。 在本发明柔性的适合生产各种高强钢的带钢处理线具有独特的优势, 与已有热处理机组相比较, 具有显而易见的突出特点和优点:
1. 产品品种丰富。
最常见的连续退火机组只能生产普冷产品, 最常见的连续热镀锌机组只能 生产热镀纯锌和镀层合金化热镀锌产品。即使是最近发展的连退热镀锌两用机组 也只能生产普冷和热镀锌两种产品。而且这种连退热镀锌两用机组并非以高强钢 特别是超高强钢为目标产品, 因此多品种的优势并不明显。 本发明所述柔性高强度带钢处理线, 同时装备有高氢高速喷气冷却装置和 水淬装置, 特别适合于规格品种多而量又少的高强钢与超高强钢的生产, 不仅能 生产各种强度等级的冷轧高强度钢和超高强钢 (强度可达 1470MPa ) , 而且能生 产最高强度等级达到 980MPa的各种热镀锌高强度钢, 除此之外还可生产各种强 度等级的电镀锌、 电镀镍及其电镀锌镍合金产品。 总之, 该多功能处理线相比于 其它的冷轧带钢处理线, 具有多功能、 多品种的特点, 能以最少的投资获得包括 热镀、普冷及电镀等多种高强钢产品, 以满足目前汽车工业对各种高强钢品种的 需要。
2. 生产成本低。
首先在原料方面, 不仅可用轧硬材为原料也可以直接用热轧酸洗板为原料
。 由于本发明采用了新型的高氢高速喷气冷却装置和新型水淬装置, 生产相同强 度等级的高强钢可用较低的合金含量,节约合金元素降低生产成本,同时对炼钢、 热轧、 酸洗及冷轧各工序的生产要求降低, 生产更加稳定顺行, 成本相应降低, 另外由于该柔性处理线可以专门生产各种高强度钢,因此生产各种高强钢的接续 和过渡更便利, 而其他机组则无需为生产少量超高强钢而大量增加投资, 从而解 放了其他机组, 使得整个公司整体生产成本大大降低;
3. 广品质量! ¾。
由于本发明的处理线是专门用于处理各种高强钢产品的, 因此可针对高强 钢的生产工艺需求采取更有效的措施, 以提高其产品质量。例如针对普通连续热 处理机组冷却速度较低的问题,该机组采用新型的高氢高速喷气冷却和新型水淬 技术以大幅度提高冷却速率,使得相同强度等级的高强钢化学成分的合金含量大 幅度降低,不仅降低了生产成本而且显著提高了高强钢产品的悍接性能及可镀性 。又如本发明技术采用水淬酸洗之后甚至电镀之后再热镀的新工艺, 使得高强钢 的可镀性得到进一步的根本性改善,从而使得热镀锌高强钢表面质量及耐蚀性得 到显著提高。 附图概述
图 1为本发明第 实施例的工艺路线方框图
图 2为本发明第 实施例的工艺路线方框图
图 3为本发明第 实施例的工艺路线方框图
图 4为本发明第 实施例的工艺路线方框图 图 5为本发明第五实施例的工艺路线方框图;
图 6为本发明第六实施例的工艺路线方框图;
图 7为本发明第七实施例的工艺路线方框图;
图 8为本发明第八实施例的工艺路线方框图;
图 9为本发明第九实施例的工艺路线方框图。 本发明的最佳实施方案
下面通过实施例结合附图, 具体说明本发明柔性的适合生产各种高强钢的 带钢处理线(图中, 实线箭头为该实施例采用的工艺路径, 虚线为其它实施例可 选择的工艺路径) 。
实施例 1
参见图 1, 本实施例工艺路线为, 原料 1一开卷清洗 2—加热 3—均热 4一缓 冷 5—喷气冷却 6 (高氢喷气冷却) 过时效 10—最终冷却 1 1一平整 12—精整 13 涂油及后处理 14一卷取 15—成品 16。
本发明工艺可以生产一般的冷轧板和相变强化的高强钢冷轧板, 特别适合 生产冷轧 TRIP钢和 80公斤级以下 DP钢,生产冷轧 80公斤级 TRIP钢和 80公斤 级 DP钢的工艺参数示于表 1。 如表 1可见, 对于 TRIP钢而言, 重要的是控制其 连续退火的均热温度、 时效温度及其时间, 对快速冷却速度要求并不高; 而对于 高强度 DP钢而言, 其连续退火的关键工艺控制参数为均热温度和快冷速度, 尤 其对快速冷却速度要求很高, 至于时效, 则要求其温度低且时间短, 以避免马氏 体的分解。
该工艺无需酸洗和再加热工序, 热处理工序生产成本较低, 产品表面质量 优良。
表 1 冷轧 80公斤 TRIP钢和 80公斤 DP钢的工艺参数
实施例 2
参见图 2, 本实施例工艺路线为, 原料 1一开卷清洗 2—加热 3—均热 4一缓 冷 5—喷气冷却 6 (高氢喷气冷却) 再加热 9 过时效 10—最终冷却 1 1一平整 12—精整 13 涂油及后处理 14一卷取 15—成品 16。
相比于实施例 1, 本发明工艺可以实现先低温后高温的过时效工艺, 这种工 艺可以用低碳铝镇静钢生产抗时效性能优良的软钢产品,生产抗时效性能优良的 低碳铝镇静软钢产品的工艺参数示于表 2。 如表 2可见, 为了生产抗时效性能优 良的低碳铝镇静钢, 重要的是控制其连续退火的均热温度和时效工艺, 其中, 为 了使钢中固溶碳充分析出, 必须实现先低温后高温的过时效工艺, 本发明的处理 线通过快冷后的再加热, 很好的满足了其工艺要求。该工艺也适合生产相变强化 的马氏体钢和双相钢。
相比于其他专利, 本发明处理线上高氢喷气冷却段后配备了大功率的感应 加热器, 可以控制快冷后加热速度、 温度, 而且不需要酸洗, 可以充分满足高强 度板制造工艺的设备要求。 表 2 低碳铝镇静钢和马氏体钢的工艺参数
更主要的是, 本发明实施例可以将带钢先冷却至马氏体相变点以下, 发生 马氏体相变后再进行回火实现淬火加回火,获得回火马氏体组织以调节钢板的综 合性能,生产出比实施例 1的双相钢产品强度和塑性搭配得更好的高强度双相钢 钢板, 也可以生产强度等级较低但塑性较好的马氏体钢。生产马氏体钢产品的工 艺参数也示于表 2。 从表 2可见, 为了生产高强度的马氏体钢, 关键是控制其连 续退火的均热温度和快冷速度, 其中, 为了得到足够的马氏体以保证强度, 快冷 速度、 快冷终点温度是主要因素。
与通常的快冷后再加热相比, 由于本发明的处理线上高氢喷气冷却段后配 备了大功率的感应加热器, 可以控制快冷后加热速度和温度, 而且不需要酸洗, 可以充分满足高强度钢板制造工艺的设备要求。能实现本工艺也是本发明的特点 之一。 实施例 3
参见图 3, 本实施例工艺路线为, 原料 1一开卷清洗 2—电镀 17 (电镀 Fe 或 Ni ) 再加热 9 热镀锌 18 合金化 19一最终冷却 11一平整 12—钝化(或包 括涂油) 及后处理 20—精整 13 涂油及后处理 14一卷取 15—成品 16。
本实施例工艺采用高强度或超高强度热轧酸洗板 (如热轧高强度钢) 为原 料, 通过在表面电镀一层极薄的 Ni、 Fe等元素, 改善高强钢热镀锌可镀性, 然 后加热到 450〜550°C之间, 入锌锅热镀锌 (或及镀层合金化) , 之后冷却进入 平整等后工序。 由于再加热镀锌时间较短(一分钟内), 可以大幅度减少甚至避 免强化相分解, 从而可以获得良好表面质量的超高强热轧酸洗热镀锌板,大大降 低了生产成本。 生产超高强热轧酸洗热镀锌先进高强钢产品的工艺参数示于表 3 。 本发明的处理线可以生产超高强度热轧热镀锌板, 省去了冷连轧工序, 这也是 本发明的特点之一。
表 3 热轧热镀锌先进高强钢的工艺参数
实施例 4
参见图 4, 本实施例工艺路线为, 原料 1一开卷清洗 2—加热 3—均热 4一缓 冷 5 (包括高氢段当缓冷用) 一水淬冷却 7—酸洗 8 再加热 9 过时效 10—最 终冷却 11一平整 12—精整 13 涂油及后处理 14一卷取 15—成品 16。
本实施例工艺采用水淬加回火工艺, 可以生产良好表面质量的超高强钢冷 轧板。 由于采用比高氢喷气冷却速度更快的水淬工艺, 因而可以在相同化学成份 条件下大大提高冷轧板的强度级别,或者生产相同强度级别的高强钢合金含量可 显著降低, 产品悍接性能明显提高, 另外, 在水淬后采用酸洗工艺, 可以洗去带 钢表面的氧化铁皮, 从而可以保证钢板良好的表面质量。 实施例 5
参见图 5, 本实施例工艺路线为, 原料 1一开卷清洗 2—加热 3—均热 4一缓 冷 5—高氢冷却 6 (高氢喷气冷却) 一热镀锌 18或包括合金化 19一最终冷却 11 一平整 12—钝化及其它后处理 20—精整 13—涂油 14一卷取 15—成品 16;其间, 平整 12后接钝化 20, 然后再接精整 13工位。
本实施例工艺可以生产较高强度等级的高强度热镀锌及其合金化热镀锌钢 板, 特别适合生产热镀锌 TRIP钢和强度等级较低的 DP钢, 由于生产工艺简单故 机组运行成本较低。 实施例 6
参见图 6, 本实施例工艺路线为, 原料 1一开卷清洗 2—加热 3—均热 4一缓 冷 5—高氢冷却 6 (高氢喷气冷却)一再加热 9一热镀锌 18或包括合金化 19一最 终冷却 11一平整 12—钝化及其它后处理 20—精整 13—涂油 14一卷取 15—成品 16; 后处理包括预磷化、 钝化。
本实施例工艺可以生产较高强度等级的且具有良好表面质量的热镀锌高强 钢板。本发明工艺采用高氢喷气冷却将带钢快速冷却到相变点以下完成马氏体相 变, 再加热到 46CTC左右完成热镀锌, 从而降低了对原料钢板淬透性的需求, 部 分消除了现行工艺的缺点, 即在钢中加入较多合金元素(为了提高钢板的淬透性 以便在热镀锌后完成马氏体相变) 导致的合金元素如 Mn、 Si在钢板表面富集影 响热镀锌可镀性。在提高钢板强度的同时, 本发明工艺可以在一定程度上降低基 板合金元素含量, 同时由于钢中合金元素较少, 可以确保可镀性及悍接性能, 最 终获得良好表面质量及用户使用性能的热镀锌高强钢板。 实施例 7
参见图 7, 本实施例工艺路线为, 原料 1一开卷清洗 2—加热 3—均热 4一缓 冷 (高氢冷却段也当缓冷段用) 5—水淬冷却 7—酸洗 8—再加热 9一热镀锌 18 一合金化 19一最终冷却 11一平整 12—精整 13—涂油 14一卷取 15—成品 16; 后 处理包括预磷化、 钝化。
本实施例工艺可以生产比实施例 6 强度更高的良好表面质量的热镀锌高强 钢板。本发明工艺采用冷却速度更快的水淬代替高氢喷气冷却, 可在相同基板化 学成分条件下大大提高钢板强度, 由于采用了酸洗工艺, 可以洗去带钢表面因水 淬而产生的氧化铁皮, 同时酸洗还可洗去表面富集的 Mn、 S i等合金元素, 可以 保证后续的热镀锌可镀性, 获得良好表面质量的热镀锌高强钢板。 实施例 8
参见图 8, 本实施例工艺路线为, 原料 1一开卷清洗 2—加热 3—均热 4一缓 冷(高氢冷却段也当缓冷段用) 5—水淬冷却 7—酸洗 8—电镀 17 (电镀 Fe或 Ni ) 一再加热 9 热镀锌 18 合金化 19一最终冷却 1 1一平整 12—钝化及其它后处 理 20—精整 13—涂油 14一卷取 15—成品 16 ; 后处理包括预磷化、 钝化。
本实施例工艺与实施例 7工艺类似, 只是在酸洗后加入电镀 Fe或 Ni工艺, 在钢板表面电镀一层 Fe或 Ni, 这改变了热镀锌前的钢板表面状况, 从而完全解 决了某些超高强钢热镀锌可镀性不好的问题。本实施例工艺可以生产耐蚀性更好 的高表面质量的双镀层超高强度热镀锌板, 也是本发明的特点之一。 实施例 9
参见图 9, 本实施例工艺路线为, 原料 1一开卷清洗 2—加热 3—均热 4一缓 冷 (高氢冷却段也当缓冷段用) 5—水淬冷却 7—酸洗 8—电镀 17 (电镀 Ni、 Zn ) 一钝化及后处理 20—精整 13 涂油及后处理 14一卷取 15—成品 16。
本实施例工艺一方面将生产冷轧电镀锌、 镍钢板的连续退火工序和电镀工 序合二为一,可以在一条机组上完成连续退火和电镀,从而便利地生产出电镀锌、 电镀镍或电镀锌镍合金钢板, 这不仅降低了投资成本、 提高了生产效率, 而且可 以减少头尾切除量、 提高成材率; 另一方面, 由于采用缓冷加水淬工艺, 可以采 用较低的合金元素的钢种生产高强度的冷轧电镀锌、镍钢板, 也可以生产冲压性 能极好的电镀锌、 镍软钢产品。
本实施例 7、 8、 9中由于水淬前的缓冷是采用了冷却能力较强的高氢冷却段 设备, 这为水淬冷却创造了较好的前提条件, 可以适当降低水淬的入水温度, 从 而为最终成品板形质量的改善创造了条件。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种柔性的适合生产各种高强钢的带钢处理线, 其设置如下: 依次为开卷清洗、 加热、 均热、 缓冷、 喷气冷却、 水淬冷却、 酸洗、 再加 热、 过时效、 最终冷却、 平整、 精整工位、 涂油、 卷取工位;
另外, 还设有:
电镀工位, 通过连接通道分别与开卷清洗工位、 酸洗工位及再加热工位相 连接;
热镀锌工位、 镀层合金化退火处理工位, 通过热镀锌的炉鼻子连接再加热 工位, 且, 还通过连接通道接最终冷却工位;
钝化及其它后处理工位, 通过连接通道分别接电镀、 平整、 精整工位; 所述的再加热工位通过可移动的旁通通道与过时效工位连通, 生产冷轧板 连退产品时,该可移动的旁通通道投入,生产热镀锌及其镀层合金化退火产品时, 该可移动的旁通通道退出, 退出的接口处进行密封。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的柔性的适合生产各种高强钢的带钢处理线, 其特 征是, 所述的喷气冷却采用高氢喷气冷却。
3. 如权利要求 1所述的柔性的适合生产各种高强钢的带钢处理线, 其特 征是, 所述的钝化及其它后处理工位接涂油, 或卷取工位。
4. 如权利要求 1所述的柔性的适合生产各种高强钢的带钢处理线, 其特 征是, 酸洗段后配备感应加热器。
5. 如权利要求 1所述的柔性的适合生产各种高强钢的带钢处理线, 其特 征是, 高氢喷气冷却段后配备的感应加热器。
6. 如权利要求 4或 5所述的柔性的适合生产各种高强钢的带钢处理线, 其特征是, 所述的感应加热器的频率在 1000Hz及其以上。
7. 如权利要求 1所述的柔性的适合生产各种高强钢的带钢处理线, 其特 征是, 所述的旁通通道为一密封通道, 通道内气氛与退火炉内的气氛相同, 含 2%〜7%氢气的氮氢混合保护气体。
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