WO2010061367A2 - A process for preparing silica microparticles - Google Patents
A process for preparing silica microparticles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010061367A2 WO2010061367A2 PCT/IE2009/000083 IE2009000083W WO2010061367A2 WO 2010061367 A2 WO2010061367 A2 WO 2010061367A2 IE 2009000083 W IE2009000083 W IE 2009000083W WO 2010061367 A2 WO2010061367 A2 WO 2010061367A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- silica
- particles
- shell
- particle
- core
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/28—Compounds of silicon
- C09C1/30—Silicic acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/28—Compounds of silicon
- C09C1/30—Silicic acid
- C09C1/3045—Treatment with inorganic compounds
- C09C1/3054—Coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/281—Sorbents specially adapted for preparative, analytical or investigative chromatography
- B01J20/282—Porous sorbents
- B01J20/283—Porous sorbents based on silica
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/281—Sorbents specially adapted for preparative, analytical or investigative chromatography
- B01J20/286—Phases chemically bonded to a substrate, e.g. to silica or to polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3202—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the carrier, support or substrate used for impregnation or coating
- B01J20/3204—Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
- B01J20/3234—Inorganic material layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
- B01J20/3242—Layers with a functional group, e.g. an affinity material, a ligand, a reactant or a complexing group
- B01J20/3244—Non-macromolecular compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3291—Characterised by the shape of the carrier, the coating or the obtained coated product
- B01J20/3295—Coatings made of particles, nanoparticles, fibers, nanofibers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/18—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/28—Compounds of silicon
- C09C1/30—Silicic acid
- C09C1/3063—Treatment with low-molecular organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/28—Compounds of silicon
- C09C1/30—Silicic acid
- C09C1/309—Combinations of treatments provided for in groups C09C1/3009 - C09C1/3081
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/78—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by stacking-plane distances or stacking sequences
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/80—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70
- C01P2002/86—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70 by NMR- or ESR-data
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/80—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70
- C01P2002/87—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70 by chromatography data, e.g. HPLC, gas chromatography
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/04—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/30—Particle morphology extending in three dimensions
- C01P2004/32—Spheres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/51—Particles with a specific particle size distribution
- C01P2004/52—Particles with a specific particle size distribution highly monodisperse size distribution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/62—Submicrometer sized, i.e. from 0.1-1 micrometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/80—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases
- C01P2004/82—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases two phases having the same anion, e.g. both oxidic phases
- C01P2004/84—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases two phases having the same anion, e.g. both oxidic phases one phase coated with the other
- C01P2004/88—Thick layer coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/14—Pore volume
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/16—Pore diameter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/16—Pore diameter
- C01P2006/17—Pore diameter distribution
Definitions
- This invention relates to a process for preparing microparticles for use in chromatography, such as liquid chromatography.
- the invention relates to a method of producing sub - 2 ⁇ m microparticles for use in chromatography.
- Porous silica microparticles are widely used in many different applications ranging from catalysis to chromatographic sorption supports.
- ordered mesoporous silica (OMS) particles such as the hexagonal ordered mesoporous molecular sieve known as MCM-41 (Mobil Corporation) has been used in chromatography.
- MCM-41 material is prepared using a cationic cetyltrimethylammonium (CTA+) surfactant (templating agent) having a J(IOO) spacing of about 4 ⁇ A to form pores in the particles.
- CTA+ cetyltrimethylammonium
- templating agent cationic cetyltrimethylammonium
- J(IOO) spacing of about 4 ⁇ A
- SBA-15 is a commercially available material that comprises ordered hexagonal mesoporous silica particles with a tuneable large uniform pore size.
- the process for making SBA-15 particles employs a non-ionic surfactant (templating agent) of amphiphilic block co-polymer to direct the pore formation.
- WO2007/095158 describes solid core silica particles having a porous thick shell layer on the outer surface of a solid core. These particles have been developed by Advanced Materials Technology Delaware under the brand name Halo®. These core-shell silica particles have a total particle size of 2.7 ⁇ m.
- the Halo® particles are formed using a fused core technology and comprise a 1.7 ⁇ m diameter non-porous spherical particle (core) and a 0.5 ⁇ m thick porous outer layer (shell).
- the shell is comprised of aggregated porous nanoparticles in solution (silica sol) fused to the surface of the non-porous silica core.
- the fused core technology used to create the porous layer (shell) of the Halo® particles requires the use of urea-formaldehyde and other related compounds to fuse aggregates of silica nanoparticles to the surface of the solid non- porous core.
- the fusing step is followed by high temperature treatment to strengthen inter- nanoparticle bonds.
- DE-19530031 (Unger et al) describes a process for forming templated core-shell sub-2 ⁇ m silica particles comprising a porous layer on the surface of a non-porous silica core by sol-gel polycondensation of an alkytrialkoxysilane in an ammonia-water solution in which ammonia acts as a catalyst and alkyltrialkoxysilane functions as porogen.
- the average particle size produced by this process is less than lOOOnm (1.0 ⁇ m).
- WO2007/ 12293 OA describes a method for providing a core-shell silica by dispersing non-porous silica core particles into alcohol and water in the presence of a surface active agent.
- a silica material is added to the dispersion.
- the silica material is reacted at pH 8 to 13 to form a shell precursor containing silica and the surfactant on the surface of the silica core.
- the surfactant is then removed to form a porous shell.
- the invention provides a process for preparing silica core - shell microparticles comprising the steps of:
- the mixed surfactant comprises a cationic surfactant and a non-ionic surfactant.
- the surfactant solution may consist of mixture of cationic mono alkyl quaternary ammonium halide and non-ionic block co-polymer surfactant or it can be cationic di-quaternary ammonium polyether derived from polyether amine.
- silica shell, cationic di-quaternary ammonium polyether as template can also be employed as the pore expander.
- Soft chemical etching treatment using dilute ammonium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide to etch the pore wall (leading to pore widening), can also be practiced.
- the mixed surfactant solution may comprise an alkyl trimethylammonium comprising the formula:
- n is an integer between 12 and 20;
- R is an alkyl group of the form, CH 3 , CH 3 CH 2 , CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 , or CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 ; and X is Cl, Br or I,
- the alkyl trimethylammonium halide may be octadecyl trimethoxysilicone and/or hexadecyl trimethylammonium bromide.
- the mixed surfactant solution may comprise a tri-block co-polymer.
- the tri-block co-polymer may be a difunctional pluronic block co-polymer.
- the tri-block co-polymer may comprise a polyethylene oxide (PEO) and/or a polypropylene oxide (PPO) unit.
- PEO polyethylene oxide
- PPO polypropylene oxide
- the tri-block co-polymer may have a terminal HO- group at one or both ends of the PEO group.
- the triblock co-polymer may comprise the formula:
- x is an integer between 5 and 106; and y is an integer between 30 and 85.
- the tri-block co-polymer may be PEO 20 PPO 70 PEO 20 and/or PEOi 06 PPO 70 PEOi 06.
- the tri-block co-polymer may act as a stearic stabiliser to prevent aggregation during growth of silica shell.
- the tri-block co-polymer may interact indirectly with a silica surface via hydrogen bonding.
- the mixed surfactant solution may comprise a di-block or tri-block co-polymer.
- the di-block or tri-block co-polymer may be a difunctional block co-polymer.
- the di-block or tri-block co-polymer may comprise a polyethylene oxide (PEO) and/or a polypropylene oxide (PPO) unit.
- PEO polyethylene oxide
- PPO polypropylene oxide
- the di-block or tri-block co-polymer may have a terminal HO- group at one or both ends of the PEO or PPO group.
- the di-quaternary ammonium polyether may be derived from polyether amine and may consist of only polypropylene oxide (PPO) backbone as shown in chemical structure 1. or a combination of polypropylene oxide (PPO) and polyethylene oxide back-bone as shown in chemical structure 2.
- the di-block or tri-block co-polymer may have a terminal quaternary ammonium group at one or both ends of the PEO or PPO group with the formula:
- the silica precursor may be an alkoxy silica precursor.
- the silica precursor may be one or more of tetrapropyl ortho silicate (TPOS), tetraethyl ortho silicate (TEOS), and tetramethyl ortho silicate (TMOS).
- TPOS tetrapropyl ortho silicate
- TEOS tetraethyl ortho silicate
- TMOS tetramethyl ortho silicate
- Ammonia may be added to the growth step to form the basic pH conditions.
- the oil- in -water emulsion may comprise one or more of an aliphatic alkane, a cycloalkane, or aromatic hydrocarbon of the formula:
- the oil unit of the oil-in-water emulsion system may comprise one or more of decane, trimethylbenzene, and cyclooctane.
- Step (a) of the process may be repeated at least once, such as between 2 and 30 times.
- Step (a) of the process may be performed at a temperature between about 25°C to about 55°C.
- the particles may be hydrothermally treated at a temperature of from about 60 0 C to about 130 °C.
- the particles may be hydrothermally treated from about 1 hour to about 72 hours.
- the hydrothermally treated particles may be dried prior to calcination.
- the particles may be dried under vacuum.
- the particles may be dried at a temperature of between about 98°C to about 102°C.
- the particles may be dried for about 24 hours.
- the particles may be calcined at a temperature of about 500 C to about 600 0 C.
- the particles may be calcined at a ramping temperature.
- the temperature may be ramped at a rate of between about 1°C and about 1O 0 C per minute.
- the particles may be calcined for between about 76 hours to about 24 hours.
- the invention provides a process for preparing core-shell spherical silica micro particles having a thin to thick porous shell with diameter from 100 nm to 500 nm, perpendicularly grown around the surface of non-porous silica with core diameter of 600 nm to 1500 nm.
- the core-shell microparticles may be used as a packing material in chromatography such as liquid chromatography.
- the invention also provides a silica core-shell particle with an average diameter of between about 0.9 ⁇ m and about 2.0 ⁇ m.
- the core may have an average diameter of between about 0.6 ⁇ m and about 1.5 ⁇ m.
- the invention further provide a silica core-shell particle with an average diameter of about 1.7 ⁇ m comprising a core with an average diameter of about l ⁇ m.
- the invention further provide a silica core-shell particle with an average diameter of about 1.7 ⁇ m comprising a core with an average diameter of about l ⁇ m, specifically, the core will have a diameter of 1.0 ⁇ m to 1.5 ⁇ m.
- the core may be non-porous.
- the core may be solid.
- the shell may have an average thickness of between about 0.1 ⁇ m and about 0.50 ⁇ m.
- the shell may be porous.
- the pores may be ordered, for example the pores may be ordered in the SBA - 15 class.
- the pores may have an average size of between about 4nm and about 30nm.
- the pores may have an average pore volume of between about 0.2cc/g and about 2.0cc/g.
- the pores may have a specific surface area of from about 100m 2 /g to about 1000m 2 /g.
- the pore may have specific surface area of 50 m 2 /g to 100 m 2 /g for larger pore size core-shell silica.
- the invention provides core-shell silica particles with an ordered mesoporous layered shell.
- the particles may be multilayered.
- the layers are formed layer by layer on the solid silica core in a series of controlled steps so that a controlled shell thickness may be achieved.
- the resultant shell consists of ordered mesoporous layers with ordered pores which run parallel to the surface, building up in thickness in a perpendicular direction.
- the particles comprise seeded growth mesoporous layered shells on a solid core.
- the invention also provides a packing material comprising silica core-shell particles as described herein.
- the invention also provides a chromatography packing material comprising silica core-shell particles as described herein.
- the invention further provides for use of particles produced by the process described herein in liquid chromatography separation.
- the invention further provides for use of particles produced by the process described herein for solid phase extraction.
- the invention further provides for use of particles produced by the process described herein for packed bonded phases.
- the invention provides for use of the particles described herein in liquid chromatography separation.
- the invention relates to a process for synthesising sub-2 ⁇ m silica spherical particles involving:
- Some of the physical properties exploited in the process described herein include: (a) The diffusion rate of a monomer (e.g TEOS) across the interior of an adsorbed polymer- surfactant chain can be controlled by adjusting the temperature and/or the dielectric constant of the liquid solvent;
- a monomer e.g TEOS
- S ads will adapt a higher free energy due to the excess surface charge.
- Hydrolysed soluble monomeric silicate species that are present and in constant Brownian motion in the liquid phase under basic pH tend to acquire net negative charge.
- a potential difference occurs across the adsorbed solid (+) / liquid (-) interface, otherwise called surface potential, and denoted as ⁇ o .
- the surface potential drives the bulk transport of the monomeric specie (e.g. TEOS etc.) to the surface nucleation site (the closest charge point where electrons in the silicates specie undergo reorientation) of silica-adsorbed aggregates or monolayer of charged surfactant; provided that the solution system state promotes the bulk transport of monomeric specie to the nucleation site.
- the monomeric specie e.g. TEOS etc.
- Fig. 1 is a transmission electron micrograph image of microparticles (SG_MS_04A) prepared by a process of the invention
- Fig. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph image of the microparticles of Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3A is a graph showing the BJH adsorption and desorption isotherms of microparticles (SG_MS_04A) prepared by a process of the invention
- Fig. 3B is a graph showing the BJH adsorption pore size distribution (PSD) of microparticles (SG_MS_04A) prepared by a process of the invention
- Fig. 4A is a graph showing the BJH adsorption and desorption isotherms of microparticles (SG_MS_04B) prepared by a process of the invention
- Fig. 4B is a graph showing the BJH adsorption pore size distribution (PSD) of microparticles (SG_MS_04B) prepared by a process of the invention
- Fig. 5A is a graph showing the BJH adsorption and desorption isotherms of microparticles (SG_MS_04C) prepared by a process of the invention
- Fig. 5B is a graph showing the BJH adsorption pore size distribution (PSD) of microparticles (SG_MS_04C) prepared by a process of the invention
- Fig. 6A is a graph showing the BJH adsorption and desorption isotherms of microparticles (SG_MS_04D) prepared by a process of the invention
- Fig. 6B is a graph showing the BJH adsorption pore size distribution (PSD) of microparticles (SG_MS_04D) prepared by a process of the invention
- Fig. 7 is graph showing the X-ray diffraction from SGJVIS_04 microparticles and a commercially available totally porous microparticle (Exsil-pureTM);
- Fig. 10 is a graph showing chromatographic separation data for microparticles
- Fig. 11 is a graph showing chromatographic separation data for commercially available microparticles (Exsil - 120TM pure totally porous 1.5 ⁇ m) used as a packing material under the conditions: mobile phase 0.1% formic acid in deionised water; flow rate l.Oml/min; Gradient 0.0 min 10% of a 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile solution, 8.0 min
- Fig. 12 is a graph showing a Van Deemter plot of microparticles prepared by a process of the invention (SG_MS_04 - Eiroshell) and commercially available microparticles (ExsilTM totally porous silica);
- Fig. 13 is a scanning electron micrograph image of the microparticles synthesised according to Example 1 (SGMS-04C);
- Fig. 14 is a scanning electron micrograph image of the microparticles synthesised according to Example 1 (SGMS-04D and initial part of SGMS-04E);
- Fig. 15 is a scanning electron micrograph image of the microparticles synthesised according to Example 1 (SGMS-04E) in synthesis method vi;
- Fig. 16 is a scanning electron micrograph image of the microparticles synthesised according to a repeat of Example 1 (SGMS-04F) in synthesis method vi;
- Fig. 17a is a high magnification scanning electron micrograph image of the mic ;roparticles synthesised according to Example 1 (SGMS-04G) in synthesis method vii;
- Fig. 17b is a low magnification scanning electron micrograph image of the microparticles synthesised according to Example 1 (SGMS-04G) in synthesis method vii;
- Fig. 18a is a transmission electron micrograph image of the microparticles synthesised according to Example 1 (SGMS-04G) in synthesis method vii, revealing the true morphological geometry as core-shell silica particles with large pore size;
- Fig. 18b is a schematic diagram of the microparticles with an ordered mesoporous layered shell
- Fig. 19 is a graph showing the BJH adsorption pore size distribution (PSD) of microparticles (Ih-SGMS- 1-40), showing inset of BJH desorption particle size distribution prepared by a process of the invention;
- PSD BJH adsorption pore size distribution
- Fig. 20 is a graph showing the BJH adsorption pore size distribution (PSD) of microparticles (lh-SGMS-2-90), showing inset of BJH desorption particle size distribution prepared by a process of the invention;
- PSD BJH adsorption pore size distribution
- Fig. 21 is a graph showing the BJH adsorption pore size distribution (PSD) of microparticles (lh-SGMS-3-120), showing inset of BJH desorption particle size distribution prepared by a process of the invention;
- PSD BJH adsorption pore size distribution
- Fig. 22 is graph showing the X-ray diffraction from Ih-SGMS- 1-40 microparticles
- Fig. 23 is a graph showing particle size distribution of particles prepared in accordance with Example 6;
- Fig. 24 is a 29 Si CPMAS NMR of native SGMS-I showing the chemical environment of silica including Q 2 , Q 3 and Q 4 peaks indicating presence of various silanols.
- (B) is a 2 9 Si CPMAS NMR of functionalised SGMS-I C8 silica particles showing a reduced signal of Q 3 and Q 2 species. The M specie indicates chemical bonding of the C8 ligand;
- Fig. 25 is a Chromatogram showing the separation of; (1) uracil, (2) butylparaben (3) propanolol, (4) naphthalene, (5) acenaphthene, (6) amitriptyline on a 2.1 ID x 50mm stainless steel column packed with (A) TP-SC8, (B) SGMS-2C8 and (C) SGMS-I C8.
- Mobile phase 75:25 methanol/20 mM KH 2 P(VK 2 HPO 4 buffer at pH 7. Flow rate: 0.35 mL/min. Temperature: 45 0 C.
- Detection: UV 254 nm; and
- Fig. 26 shows the reduced parameters for van Deemter plots obtained on a 2.1 ID x 50 mm packed column of SGMS-1C8 (A), SGMS-2C8 ( ⁇ ) and TP-SC8 ( ⁇ ).
- Mobile phase was 65/35% Methanol/water. Temperature: 45 0 C; Injection: 0.3 ⁇ L; Solute: acenaphthene.
- co-surfactants such as a block co-polyether with a terminal difunctional OH group to promote sterically stabilised particle system
- a temperature above ambient conditions minimizes the changes in free energy associated with the "mixing effect" of adsorbed surfactant on silica surface, and prevents agglomeration during the growth of shell particles.
- Thicker silica shells are required for particles in the sub-2 ⁇ m region, for use in liquid chromatography packing.
- the processes described herein exploit the physicochemical interactions involved in the adsorption of a cationic surfactant onto the charged surface of silica particles [4-7] and the thermodynamic properties exhibited by adsorbed surfactant molecules and how these influence the processes of poly-condensation of alkoxy-silicates monomers present in a basic pH liquid system.
- the surface characteristics acquired following adsorption of a surfactant on the silica surfaces ultimately becomes the nucleation site (for alkoxysilicate).
- the surface nucleation site is the new surface free energy ( ⁇ G ads ) that is generated, accompanied by the increase in entropy gained from surface excess, due to surfactant adsorption.
- the continuous addition of monomer to the silica-surfactant adsorbed system dispersion leads to the growth of silica shell due to the presence of surface nucleation sites.
- the shell of the silica spheres that is grown in the presence of adsorbed surfactant becomes the porous layer when the resulting particle is calcined.
- the calcination step is tailored to remove the underlying surfactant present the porous shell matrix.
- the core-shell silica particles prepared by the processes described herein can be used as a packing material for liquid chromatography.
- the chain length of the adsorbed surfactant is an important parameter when designing the surfactant adsorption system to prepare templated silica.
- absorbed surfactants with longer chain length allow the shell thickness to grow at faster rate, in addition the longer chain lengths aid the formation of larger pore size within the shell.
- the longest commercially available chain length is the alkyl Ci 8 and this length will determine the final pore size.
- the pore size is tuneable by hydrothermal swelling to reach up to 30 nm[8]. The swelling effect is gained as a result of the incorporation of P123 block copolymer in the silica matrix.
- CTABr dominates all adsorption, thus, severely restricting the adsorption of P 123 on the charged silica surface; under this circumstances, the P 123 adsorption only takes part in steric interaction leading to steric stabilisation by minimizing the mixing effect of the adsorbed CTABr solvated dangling hydrophobic chains between particles.
- the absence of P 123 in the step of growing the silica matrix does not contribute to pore swelling.
- the CTABr/P123 surfactant mixture (at basic pH) generates a maximum pore size of about 4 nm.
- the CTABr/P123 surfactant mixture (at basic pH) generates a maximum pore size of about 4 nm.
- the invention relates to a process for preparing sub-2 ⁇ m silica spheres comprising a thick porous layer (shell) with high surface area, large pore size and large pore volume.
- the porous shell may be orientated substantially perpendicular to the exterior of the outer surface of a non- porous spherical solid core of silica.
- the process for producing such particles is based on the hydrolytic polycondensation of alkoxysilicates in the presence of templating agents under basic condition. Subsequent hydrothermal treatment and calcination steps removes the templates from the particles to create particles comprising an ordered mesoporous shell surrounding a non- porous spherical silica core, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction spectrum.
- Silica particles produced by such methods may be used as a support for chromatography applications such as liquid chromatography separation. According to the process, spherical monodisperse non-porous silica particles were used as core seeds on to which ordered porous silica shells were grown substantially perpendicular to the surface of the non-porous silica core.
- the method of growing a thick mesoporous shell of silica perpendicular to the surface of non-porous core seeds comprises a series of growth steps using a combination of cationic and non-ionic surfactants dispersed in a water-alcohol system followed by a hydrothermal pore enlargement step which results in an ordered mesoporous layer (shell) being formed on the non-porous core seed.
- the sub-2 ⁇ m silica particles formed by the process described herein are suitable for use as a support material for fast and rapid liquid chromatography without the build up of high back pressure.
- the sub-2 ⁇ m silica particles may also be used in delivery systems, for example drug delivery systems, and catalysis applications.
- Sub-2 ⁇ m silica particles produced by the process described herein have a solid, non-porous core. Mesopores are only present in the exterior layer (shell) of the particles. Experimental analysis of the particles has confirmed that the pores of the shell are ordered in the SBA-15 class.
- the porous layer (shell) has a thickness of between about 100 nm to about 500 nm and the pore sizes and pore volume of the porous layer (shell) range from about 30 A to about 300 A and about 0.2 cc/g to about 2.0 cc/g respectively.
- the process comprises two stages:
- the as synthesised silica particles having a porous shell surrounding the non-porous core are hydrothermally treated in an oil-in-water emulsion system to expand the size of the pores in the shell.
- the silica particles may be used as a packing material for liquid chromatography (LC).
- LC liquid chromatography
- the mesoporous shell silica particles made by the process described herein may be functionalised with a functional group such as a mono-, di- or tri-organosilane.
- the porous shell of the silica particles has an ordered mesoporous structure as confirmed by X-ray diffraction studies.
- the slow diffusion of soluble silicate species generated from a silicate alkoxide (such as tetraethyl orthosilicate) monomer present in an aqueous basic dispersant toward the adsorbed silica surface can be controlled by the strength of the surface potential and the temperature of the system.
- alkoxysilicates such as TEOS
- Hydrolysing alkoxysilicates tend to diffuse across the interface of a stabilised dispersion of charged silica resulting in the growth of a less dense silica network by the diffusion-limited monomer-cluster kinetic growth mechanism [9,10].
- Difunctional block co-polymers such as pluronic P 123 or L121 or F- 127 and the like are a class of surface active straight-chain polymers having a terminal hydroxyl (HO-) group at both ends of their poly-ethylene oxide blocks.
- This property makes the pluronic polymers ideal for steric stabilisation of silica particle interaction, especially for particles which are likely to be destabilised or agglomerated due to V A > V R (where V A and V R are the attractive van der Waals and repulsive van der Waals forces respectively) between two spheres as the pluronic polymers can irreversibly attach to the surface of particles through van der Waals forces [11-13] mediated by the terminal hydroxyl groups.
- the deprotonated hydroxyl group at one end of the tri-block copolymer will interact with the hydrophobic tail of the chemisorbed CTAB via hydrogen bonding and the deprotonated hydroxyl group at the other end of the tri-block co-polymer will exert a repulsive barrier on the surrounding silica. This interaction will favour the growth of monodisperse silica spheres in solution.
- a dilute concentration of CTAB for example between about 1 xlO "3 to about 6 xlO "3 Molar concentration
- chemisorbed to the silica core surface assists in the formation of a porous shell layer from an alkoxide monomer.
- a chemical environment is generated in which macromolecules (e.g P123) are present at the solid liquid interface of the charged non-porous silica particle.
- macromolecules e.g P123
- the free energy at the surface of the stabilised silica particle has been modified resulting in a corresponding change in the rate of diffusion kinetics.
- a source of monomer e.g. TEOS
- the growth mechanism is directed toward a diffusion limited-monomer cluster mechanism.
- the monomer e.g.
- TEOS can diffuse through an adsorbed layer of macromolecule (e.g CTAB, P 123), to undergo hydrolytic polycondensation.
- macromolecule e.g CTAB, P 123
- a diffusion correlation mechanism of monomer e.g. TEOS
- CTAB, P123 a diffusion correlation mechanism of monomer across the solid-liquid interface of the adsorbed macromolecule (e.g. CTAB, P123) determines the physical structure of the particles.
- the less dense nature of a silica shell grown by the condensation reaction on the surface of a non-porous silica core is achieved due to the presence of an adsorbed surfactant macromolecule. This, results in the formation of an organised porous layer (shell) on the surface of the non-porous silica core.
- the growth thickness of the silica shell can be controlled by controlling the amount of monomer (TEOS) added. Therefore, the process enables the thickness of the silica shell to be controlled. It is possible to grow the silica shell to a thickness of several hundred nanometers for example up to about lOOOnm thick.
- the polycondensation of alkoxysilicates in an aqueous-alcoholic solution under basic pH conditions will produce a compact dense structure of a non-porous silica particle (core).
- core particles are dispersed in an aqueous solution under basic pH conditions, the silanols on the surface of the silica are deprotonated, resulting in an increase in the chemical potential at the surface of the particles as the surface charge changes from SiOH to SiO " .
- an alkoxysilicates monomer such as TEOS
- TEOS hydrolysing alkoxy silicate
- the energy site the deprotonated surface of the silica particles
- condensation will occur. Due to the close proximity at which condensation takes place, covalent bonds form between the surface of the silica core particles and the alkoxysilicates monomer resulting in a highly compact (dense) silica network of Si-O-Si bonds formed at the energy site.
- ⁇ S entropy
- SiO energy site
- Si-O-Si highly dense and compact silica network
- the primary particle is condensed to a compact state, resulting in the growth of a core particle comprising a highly condensed non-porous silica structure provided that there is a continuous supply of alkoxysilicates monomer present.
- This type of particle growth is known as the seeded growth technique and is described in references 15 and 16 and US patent No. 4,775,520.
- Tri-block co-polymers such as P123 or F127 adsorded at the surface of non-porous silica particles via indirect hydrogen bonding results in a change in the free energy ( ⁇ G), at the surface of the particles. This reduction in free energy at the surface of the particles (also considered as energy site) affects the kinetic growth process.
- the resulting particles core and shell are calcined at a temperature above about 773 K (about 500 0 C)
- the tri-block co-polymer is burnt off from the shell to form cavities (pores) in the shell of the particles.
- the resultant particle has a solid (non- porous) core and a porous shell layer.
- PTFE bottles 150, 250 mL), (Sigma Aldrich), Magnetic stirrer and hot plate with temperature control sensor (VWR International, UK), Micromeritics Gemini V BET surface area analyser (Particle and Surface science (UK) Ltd), Philips Xpert MPD diffractometer with Cu Ka radiation, JEM transmission electron microscopy (JEOL (UK) Ltd), JSM scanning electron microscopy (JEOL (UK) Ltd), dual piston pump, 20 mL slurry reservoir, Quick-Set pump control (SSI LabAlliance, IL. USA). Thermo Separation product (liquid chromatography) SpectraS YSTEM UV/vis detector, autosampler and quaternary pump using ChromQuest 3.0 for chromatograph data acquisition.
- Example 1 Synthesis of particles having a mesoporous shell perpendicular to spherical non-porous silica surface
- the solution was mixed with the dispersed silica sol in a 15OmL PTFE bottle for 20 min, then 3.OmL of ammonium hydroxide (NH 4 OH) solution was added, followed by the addition of 1.2mL TEOS. The mixture was allowed to react for 24hrs under stirring. The silica particles formed were collected from the solution by centrifugation and resuspended in 6.8 mM C] 8 TAB solution 2OmL deionised water containing and 1OmL ethanol. The growth process was repeated 15 times. Following the 15 th round of the growth process, a pore expansion protocol was performed to expand the pores in the shells as follows:
- SGMS silica The pore expanded seed growth mesoporous shell (SGMS) silica was washed and dried at 120 0 C for 24 h prior to calcination at 600 0 C at a ramp rate of 1 0 C per min and held at a temperature 600 0 C for 7 h to remove the surfactant (templating agent).
- SGMS silica particles were synthesised in 12 h to investigate the effect of reducing the reaction time on shell growth.
- the silica sol was sonicated for 10 min and transferred to a 150 mL PTFE bottle and stirred at 45 0 C for 15 min, then 1.65 g of P 123 in 15 mL dry ethanol and 30 mL deionised water was prepared and added to the silica sol with stirring for 15 min followed by the addition of 2.55 mL of 33% ammonia after which, 1.2mL of TEOS was added. The reaction was completed after about 12 hrs. The silica particles were collected by centrifugation and re- dispersed in a solution containing 0.08 g Ci 8 TAB.
- the mixture was allowed to react for 24hrs under stirring.
- the silica particles formed were collected from the solution by centrifugation and resuspended in 6.8 raM CTAB solution.
- the CTAB solution had a 1.0 mL decrease in ethanol and 1.0 mL increase in water such that for the final (15 th ) growth cycle, the CTAB solution contained water and no ethanol.
- the pores in the shells of the particles were expanded as described above for SG_MS_04A particles.
- Table 1 seeded growth silica batches for mesoporous shell synthesis
- the concentration of the growing SGMS silica was kept constant relative to the volume concentration of reaction solvent.
- the concentration of the reaction solvent remain constant as does the concentration of both surfactants (P 123 and CTAB).
- the silica grows to a larger size (1.0 to 1.7 micron) in diameter; hence there is an increase in the mass fraction.
- An increase in the mass fraction of growing silica to a constant volume concentration is likely to cause agglomeration of particles.
- stabilising agent such as P123, the SGMS tends to remain relatively unagglomerated.
- the reaction scheme follows the same general process as for SG_MS_04A above; however, the growth rounds were performed on three batches; the first was a 24 h per growth round reaction time and the second was 12 h per growth round and the third was 1 h.
- Table 2 details the mass and volume of all reaction components used in each growth round of the synthesis process for SG_MS_04D particles.
- the mixture was allowed to react for 24hrs under stirring.
- the silica particles formed were collected from the solution by centrifugation and resuspended in 6.8 mM Ci 8 TAB solution following the sequence in Table 2 below, the growth process was repeated 15 times. As shown in Table 2, the total volume is increased by 7.25 mL
- NH 4 I was dissolved with 126 mL of deionised water.
- the surfactant and cyclooctane solutions were transferred to the beaker containing deionised water under stirring and allowed to emulsify for 1 h until a clear solution was formed.
- the emulsion solution was used to disperse the as synthesized SGMS silica and transferred to a 250 mL PTFE bottle and stirred for 1 h at 35 0 C and finally tranfered to a pre-heated oven at 100 0 C for 72 h.
- the calcination step was carried out as described above for SG_MS_04A particles to remove templating agents.
- This synthesis method is similar as described for the 24 h growth round, here; the time was reduced to 12 h to investigate the effect of reaction time for complete growth.
- the growth scheme shown in Table 2 details the concentration characteristics of reactants and surfactant employed.
- This synthesis method is similar as described for the 24 h and 12 h growth round, here; the time was reduced to 1 h to investigate the effect of reaction time for complete growth.
- the growth scheme shown in Table 2 details the concentration reactants and surfactant employed.
- This synthesis method is similar to the method used for SG_MS_04D particles above, for the 1 h per growth round reaction, the difference being that a lower concentration of P 123 surfactant is used in the synthesis method of SG_MS_04E particles.
- the ratio of P 123 of SG_MS_04D particles : P 123 of SG_MS_04E particles 3:1 ( i.e. the P 123 g/mole in SG_MS_04D particles is three times more than for SG_MS_04E particles).
- Table 3 details the mass and volume of the reaction components of each growth round of the synthesis process of SG_MS_04E particles.
- the particle size had grown to about 1.7 ⁇ m with high degree of monodispersity and less agglomeration of particles.
- the final particle size after the 15 th round of growth per 1 h growth reaction was 1.7 ⁇ m. Particles were highly monodisperse with a uniform shell thickness. This indicates that P 123 in the dispersion solution does not cause particle agglomeration within the concentration range studied which is in contrast to the CTABr.
- the purpose of the P 123 is to prevent a binary phase system occurring in the oil-in water emulsion system. P 123 also enhances the formation of micelles. Ammonium iodide (NH 4 I) helps to promote penetration of the organic micelle into the pore of the shell which is subsequently expanded by hydrothermal treatment.
- decane due to its high immiscible properties in the water, at the concentration used it forms a two phase system that will separate from the liquid where the SGMS silica particles are present.
- decane will not expand the pores of the SGMS effectively, because a two-stage phase has been formed and as such the decane is not present in the liquid system containing dispersed silica shell particles. Any pore expansion that occurs from the emulsion system created using decane could be due to high temperature effect of the liquid system rather than the decane.
- the solvent dipole may be lowered if adsorbed CTABr at the surface forms a bilayer aggregation and also the volume of reaction solvent increases while the mole concentration of surfactant remains constant in particular with the P 123 block-co-polymer i.e. a reduction in the concentration of P123. This will promote faster diffusion of monomer specie to charged surface, thus considerably reducing the reaction time needed to produce the same growth mechanism and growth rate.
- Stage A 1.7 ⁇ m core-shell (350 nm porous shell)
- a 1.9 g of as synthesized, non-porous silica spheres (seed) were dispersed in a solution of 24 mL ethanol and 48 mL of deionised water. After 10 min sonication, the silica sol was transferred to a 250 mL PTFE bottle and allowed to stir at 45 0 C for 15 min, and then 3.6 mL of 32.5% of ammonia was added.
- a surfactant solution containing 0.128g Ci 8 TABr and 2.64 g of P123 in 15 mL dry ethanol and 29.4 mL deionised water was prepared and added to the silica sol under stirring.
- the subsequent growth silica collected is re-dispersed in solution as described above and the corresponding concentration of TEOS is added to grow the porous shell layer until a particle diameter of about 1.7 ⁇ m is achieved.
- Stage B Hvdrothermal pore treatment
- the hydrothermal pore treatment was carried out primarily to strengthen the pore structure formed by the templated surfactant.
- the resultant SGMS silica was centrifuged to collect the solid silica and resuspended in a solution of 180 mL of water. The suspended silica was placed on the oven for 72 h at 110 0C. After hydrothermal treatment was complete, the silica was washed with deionised water several times and collected in crucible and dried for 48 h at 110 0 C
- the dried silica was calcinated at 600 0 C to burn off the templated surfactant to generate pores.
- the calcination was performed in a furnace by ramping up the temperature at 5 °C/min to 600 0 C and the particles were held at this temperature for 18 h. Finally the furnace was turned off and allows temperature to cool down to room temperature.
- Table 5 describes the process of the silica growth including TEOS and reagent added at each round of reaction.
- This method was devised to synthesise particles with ultimately explores large pores required for fast chromatography separation.
- silica sol was transferred to a solution of 24 mL ethanol and 48 mL of deionised water. After 10 min sonication, the silica sol was transferred to a solution of 24 mL ethanol and 48 mL of deionised water. After 10 min sonication, the silica sol was transferred to a solution of 24 mL ethanol and 48 mL of deionised water. After 10 min sonication, the silica sol was transferred to a
- the silica dispersion was centriftiged to retrieve the grown silica; small portion (about 5 mg) of silica was removed after each reaction round and analysed for particle size increase and corresponding size distribution using dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques.
- DLS dynamic light scattering
- the subsequent growing silica particles collected is re-dispersed in solution as described above (with increasing volume of reaction solvent by 3-6 ml increase per growth round leading to a final volume increase of 45 to 90 mL) and the corresponding concentration of TEOS is added to grow the porous shell silica layer until a particle diameter of about 1.7 ⁇ m was achieved.
- the hydrothermal pore treatment was carried out primarily to strengthen the pore structure formed by the templated surfactant.
- the resultant SGMS silica was centriftiged to collect the solid material and dispersed in 180 mL of water. The silica suspension was placed in an oven 72 h at 110 0 C. After hydrothermal treatment was complete, the silica was washed with deionised water several times and transferred to a crucible and dried for 24 h at 110 0 C
- the dried silica was calcinated at 600 0 C to burn off the templated surfactant to generate pores.
- the calcination was performed in a furnace by ramping up the temperature at 5 °C/min to 600 0 C and the particles were held at this temperature for 18 h. Finally the furnace was turned off and allows temperature to cool down to room temperature.
- the pore size of the porous shell must be expanded above 60 A and to a maximum of 300 A, typically 90 A pore size was suitable for most separation application. 6.75 g calcinated SGMS was disperse in a solution of 75.6 mL deionised water and placed in a heating oil to bring the temperature to 75 0 C under stirring, then a mixture of 14.4 mL (5.0 wt %)
- aqueous ammonia and 0.56 mL (0.2 wt%) of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) was added via a glass syringe under stirring.
- the slurry was allowed to etch for 8 h; followed by series of washing with de-ionized water and finally with methanol.
- the etched silica was dried in an oven at 150 0 C for
- silica shell thickness of 100 nm and 250 nm was also prepared, However to keep the total particle size identical (1.7 ⁇ m), the silica core (non- porous) particles of 1.5 ⁇ m were used as the starting seed to grow 100 nm shell thickness and 1.25 ⁇ m non porous particles were use as the starting seed to grow 250 nm shell thickness.
- the silica core (non- porous) particles of 1.5 ⁇ m were used as the starting seed to grow 100 nm shell thickness and 1.25 ⁇ m non porous particles were use as the starting seed to grow 250 nm shell thickness.
- 4 repeated layer-by-layer growths produced 100 nm shell thickness on a 1.5 ⁇ m core and 9 repeated layer-by-layer growth produced the 250 nm shell thickness on a 1.25 ⁇ m core.
- the following method for preparing the silica shell with different thickness is similar to synthesis method (vii), using different sizes of nonporous silica core and different number of growth steps: .
- the nonporous silica having particle diameter of 1.5 ⁇ m was employed as the solid core.
- Four growth round was performed to produce the 100 nm shell thickness.
- the nonporous silica having particle diameter of 1.2 ⁇ m was employed as the solid core.
- Nine growth round was performed to produce the 250 nm shell thickness.
- the nonporous silica having particle diameter of 0.7 ⁇ m was employed as the solid core. Twenty one growth round was performed to produce the 500 nm shell thickness.
- Electron microscopy of the SGMS silica particles was carried out using a JSM-5510 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at 19 kV equipped with a control user interface image acquisition for scanning mode.
- SEM Scanning electron microscopy
- TEM transmission electron microscopy
- ANALYsis MegaviewTM ANALY soft imaging system
- FIG. 18 A detailed image of the large pore SGMS silica particle is shown in Fig. 18, here it can be clearly seen that the porous shell is sufficiently thick to house sufficient analytes mass load to improve the chromatography retention factor of the particle.
- Example 3 BET surface area, pore size and pore volume characterisation.
- the mesoporous shell silica (SG_MS_04A, 04B, 04C, 04D and 04E) and the non-porous silica (SG-UC-#09) were separately characterised for specific surface area (SSA), specific pore volume (SPV) and adsorption-desorption average pore diameter (APD a d S> des) using the multipoint nitrogen sorption technique to measure a complete adsorption-desorption isotherm (as shown in Fig.
- the SSA of the SGMS was calculated using the BET method, the SPV was measured at a single point for P/Po > 0.99, the estimation of micropore was measured using the t-plot method, BJH adsorption pore size distribution (PSD) was used to measure APD ads and the BJH desorption pore size distribution (PSD) was used to measure APD des - Unless otherwise stated the pore diameter or pore size is based on the APD ac js measured from the BJH adsorption PSD as shown in Fig. 3B, 4B and 5B for SG_MS_04A, B and C respectively.
- Figs. 19 to 21 show the BET isotherm for the 1 h growth rate SGMS having different final pore sizes. These figures demonstrate that the surface area and pore size of particles can be specifically tailored to suit different chromatography kinetics using the methods described herein.
- SG_MS__04 particles are compared with the properties of a commercially available particle (Exsil - 120TM) and a non-porous particle (SGJUC ⁇ #09) which act as the substrate (core) onto which the silica shell layer is synthesised.
- SG-UC-#09 is a 1.0 ⁇ m non-porous silica synthesised in our lab by the seeded growth technique which is previously described in reference 16 and is used as the solid core non-porous silica particle in the process described herein.
- Table 8 Physical characterisation properties of seeded growth mesoporous silica (core-shell) particles synthesized.
- Example 4 Powdered X-ray diffraction of as-synthesized SGMS (1.7 mm) and commercial silica (1.5 um)-Exsil-pureTM
- LAPXRD Low angle powdered X-ray diffraction
- Philips Xpert MPD diffractometer with Cu Ka radiation (40 Kv, 35 niA) as follows: Dried silica powdered was placed on a sample disk, thin a fine glass plate was used to form a smooth surface. The sample disk containing the sample was placed on the sample stage followed by a continuous XRD scan from 0.7 to 3.9 (2 theta angle). The scan was carried out on four selected samples as shown in Fig. 7.
- the particle size distribution as shown in Fig. 23, demonstrates that the particle sizes are uniform with a mean particle size of about 1.73 ⁇ m ⁇ about 0.0 l ⁇ m.
- Example 5 Silanization and elemental analysis (CHN) of as made mesoporous shell silica (1.7 um) and Exsil-pure 120TM pure totally porous silica (1.5 urn)
- the silica was filtered from the toluene solution; some flakes of imidazole hydrochloride were seen on top of the filtrate so the filtrate was washed with 50 mL methanol, 50 mL methanol :water (50:50) and finally 50 mL methanol to remove all unbound material and imidazole hydrochloride salt. Finally the silica was allowed to dry under in a vacuum desicator for 2 h.
- the silicas were treated with tetrahydrofuran (THF).
- THF tetrahydrofuran
- the silanized silica product obtained was transferred to a 100 mL 3 necked flask and 30 mL of THF and 2.5 cm stirring bar were added to the flask and the suspension was stirred for 15 min in a hot oil bath at 80 0 C. After removal from the hot oil bath, the suspension was allowed to cool and filtered, followed by washing with 50 mL THF and 50 mL methanol. Finally, the silica was dried in a desiccator under vacuum for 24 h. A small amount of the silanized dried silica was sent for CHN microanalysis and results are shown below in Table 9.
- FIG. 24A shows the large signal of the Q 3 peak intensity indicates the SGMS has homogenous surfaces of free hydroxyl (Si-OH) groups.
- Fig. 24B shows the 29 Si solid state NMR of SGMS silica particles after C8 grafting for reversed phase LC.
- the M peak indicates monofunctionality of the C8 attachment onto the silica surfaces, indicating chemical bonds.
- Example 6 Column packing & Chromatography Data of derivatised as made mesoporous shell silica (1.7um " ) and Exsil-120TM pure porous silica (1.5 mm).
- the packing instrument consists of a dual piston pump with head pump of 10 mL (SSI LabAlliance, IL. USA) and 20 mL slurry reservoir. The pump is wholly electrically operated. Flow rate and pressure is monitored via Quick-Set pump control software (SSI LabAlliance, IL. USA).
- the slurry solvent was methanol: chloroform (50:50), packing solvent was 100 % methanol. Packing of all chromatography columns was carried out under a constant pressure of 9500 psi and variable flow rate from 5 to 17 mL/min.
- silanized silicas 0.85 g were dispersed in a 20 mL slurry solvent made of (50:50) methanol: chloroform; first a glass spatula was used to break the particles into slurry followed by 10 min of sonication vibration to evenly disperse the silica in the slurry solvent (methanol :chloroform).
- the silica slurry was poured quickly into a 20 ml slurry reservoir which was assembled to pack a 4.6 mm (inner diameter) x 50 mm (length) mirror (walled) finished stainless steel column.
- a pump was triggered to start electronically from the Quick-Set pump control software at a configured set program shown in Table 10 below:
- the flow rate was governed by the maximum pressure (9700 psi) attainable, which depends on the permeability of the packing material (silica) in a given column dimension (4.6 x 50 mm) relative to the packing solvent.
- the SG_MS_04A silica has an ordered pore structure of the P 6mm hexagonal phase where the mesophase pores of the shell are parallel to the silica non-porous surface.
- the calcined SGMS silica originated from the SBA- 15 class of mesoporous material as can be seen from Fig 6 whereas Exsil-pure 120 T material has no reflection peak at low angle, rather a continuous decreasing flat line (Fig. 7 line D) indicating a disordered pore structure which is likely to contribute to increased resistance to fluid dynamics
- the particles produced by the process of Example 1 are monodisperse silica particles having a solid-core (non-porous) and a thick mesoporous shell layer formed perpendicular to the surface. Such particles may be called seeded growth mesoporous shells (SGMS) particles.
- This SGMS material has demonstrated excellent performance when used as packing material for liquid chromatography (LC) as compared to conventional totally porous silica (ExsilTM 1.5 ⁇ m).
- Particles prepared by the method of Example 1 have a sub-2 ⁇ m diameter (about 1.7 ⁇ m) and demonstrate good performance in conventional LC. In tests, the SGMS particles showed no problems associated with high back pressure compared to conventional totally porous silica (ExsilTM 1.5 ⁇ m).
- Example 8 Separation of sulphonamide drug compounds
- Gradient separation of six sulphonamides drug compounds was tested (Figs. 10 and 11).
- the gradient performance of SG_MS_04A particles (Fig. 10) was superior to the performance of totally porous silica (Exsil-120TM) (Fig. 11), this is a clear indication that there is an improved mass transfer kinetics from the SGMS silica that is predominantly due to the physical structure of the particle (SGMS), i.e. a solid core and mesoporous shell layer.
- SGMS physical structure of the particle
- a theoretical plate count per meter reaches over lmillion for SGMS silica particle compared to the totally porous silica (Table 12).
- the reduced van Deemter coefficient used for the overall kinetic plot is recorded in Table 14.
- the SGMS- 1C8 column have the best performance for acenaphthene under the identical test conditions.
- SGMS-2C8 and TP-SC8 are almost identical except for the mass transfer kinetic
- optimised separation application described above has also proven that core-shell silica particles synthesised in accordance with the methods described herein have thick porous shells which are highly suitable for Chromatographic separation as shown in Fig. 25, involving the separation of a highly basic compound (amitriptyline) at pH 7.
- the advanced properties of the silica particles produced by the method described herein are highly promising and the particles may form a new generation of packing material that will redefine the use of sub-2 ⁇ m particles in liquid chromatography.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN2009801524533A CN102272239A (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2009-11-26 | A process for preparing silica microparticles |
AU2009321174A AU2009321174A1 (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2009-11-26 | A process for preparing silica microparticles |
SG2011037207A SG171795A1 (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2009-11-26 | A process for preparing silica microparticles |
EP09764593.1A EP2365997B1 (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2009-11-26 | A process for preparing silica microparticles |
US13/131,294 US9080056B2 (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2009-11-26 | Process for preparing silica microparticles |
JP2011538099A JP2012509974A (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2009-11-26 | Method for producing silica fine particles |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IE2008/0940 | 2008-11-26 | ||
IE20080940 | 2008-11-26 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2010061367A2 true WO2010061367A2 (en) | 2010-06-03 |
WO2010061367A3 WO2010061367A3 (en) | 2010-08-05 |
Family
ID=41818681
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IE2009/000083 WO2010061367A2 (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2009-11-26 | A process for preparing silica microparticles |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9080056B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2365997B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2012509974A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20110100230A (en) |
CN (1) | CN102272239A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2009321174A1 (en) |
IE (1) | IE20090904A1 (en) |
SG (1) | SG171795A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010061367A2 (en) |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012018596A2 (en) | 2010-07-26 | 2012-02-09 | Waters Technologies Corporation | Superficially porous materials comprising a substantially nonporous hybrid core having narrow particle size distribution; process for the preparation thereof; and use thereof for chromatographic separations |
WO2012110995A1 (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2012-08-23 | Glantreo Limited | Silica core-shell microparticles |
CN106978170A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-07-25 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of water-solubility fluorescent carbon quantum dot |
WO2017155870A1 (en) | 2016-03-06 | 2017-09-14 | Waters Technologies Corporation | Superficially porous materials comprising a coated core having narrow particle size distribution; process for the preparation thereof; and use thereof for chromatographic separations |
EP2785641B1 (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2018-02-21 | Thermo Electron Manufacturing Ltd. | Porous particles for liquid chromatography and processes for the preparation thereof |
US10092894B2 (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2018-10-09 | Waters Technologies Corporation | Chromatographic materials for the separation of unsaturated molecules |
WO2019140198A1 (en) | 2018-01-12 | 2019-07-18 | Restek Corporation | Superficially porous particles and methods for forming superficially porous particles |
US10434496B2 (en) | 2016-03-29 | 2019-10-08 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. | Superficially porous particles with dual pore structure and methods for making the same |
EP3808703A4 (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2021-06-23 | Tohoku University | Production method for core-shell porous silica particles |
WO2021188945A1 (en) | 2020-03-20 | 2021-09-23 | Restek Corporation | Spike particles, superficially porous spike particles, chromatographic separation devices, and processes for forming spike particles |
EP3936226A2 (en) | 2013-06-11 | 2022-01-12 | Waters Technologies Corporation | Chromatographic columns and separation devices comprising a superficially porous material; and use thereof for supercritical fluid chromatography and other chromatography |
CN115106070A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-09-27 | 南通裕弘分析仪器有限公司 | Preparation method and application of spherical silica gel chromatographic packing with different particle sizes |
WO2023157020A1 (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2023-08-24 | Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research | Continuous flow synthesis of mesoporous silica particles |
Families Citing this family (59)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2047910B1 (en) | 2006-05-11 | 2012-01-11 | Raindance Technologies, Inc. | Microfluidic device and method |
US8772046B2 (en) | 2007-02-06 | 2014-07-08 | Brandeis University | Manipulation of fluids and reactions in microfluidic systems |
WO2008130623A1 (en) | 2007-04-19 | 2008-10-30 | Brandeis University | Manipulation of fluids, fluid components and reactions in microfluidic systems |
WO2010009365A1 (en) | 2008-07-18 | 2010-01-21 | Raindance Technologies, Inc. | Droplet libraries |
WO2011042564A1 (en) * | 2009-10-09 | 2011-04-14 | Universite De Strasbourg | Labelled silica-based nanomaterial with enhanced properties and uses thereof |
US9399797B2 (en) | 2010-02-12 | 2016-07-26 | Raindance Technologies, Inc. | Digital analyte analysis |
EP2534267B1 (en) | 2010-02-12 | 2018-04-11 | Raindance Technologies, Inc. | Digital analyte analysis |
JP2013524240A (en) * | 2010-04-05 | 2013-06-17 | パーデュー リサーチ ファウンデーション | Packing in a chromatographic column |
EP2675819B1 (en) | 2011-02-18 | 2020-04-08 | Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. | Compositions and methods for molecular labeling |
DE202012013668U1 (en) | 2011-06-02 | 2019-04-18 | Raindance Technologies, Inc. | enzyme quantification |
US8658430B2 (en) | 2011-07-20 | 2014-02-25 | Raindance Technologies, Inc. | Manipulating droplet size |
CN102345151B (en) * | 2011-10-08 | 2013-11-20 | 长安大学 | Method for preparing ZrO2 compound ceramic film on surfaces of magnesium and magnesium alloy through microarc oxidization |
US10752526B2 (en) | 2012-02-12 | 2020-08-25 | Bluflow Technologies, Inc. | Method for destruction of reducible contaminants in waste or ground water |
CN102659124A (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2012-09-12 | 南昌大学 | Method for preparing nanometer silicon powder by sol-microemulsion-hydro-thermal system |
JP6154807B2 (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2017-06-28 | 株式会社ダイセル | Separating agent |
WO2014077645A1 (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2014-05-22 | 서울대학교산학협력단 | Encoded polymer microparticles |
US9409145B2 (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2016-08-09 | Daicel Corporation | Separating agent |
CN104069839B (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2016-08-03 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of order mesoporous nucleocapsid structure silica gel chromatographic column filling material and preparation thereof and application |
CN103657594B (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2015-07-15 | 浙江大学 | Preparation method of tiny hole type multihole clay heterogeneous material |
US9492840B2 (en) | 2013-12-02 | 2016-11-15 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Methods of removing surface ligand compounds |
US9944977B2 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2018-04-17 | Raindance Technologies, Inc. | Distinguishing rare variations in a nucleic acid sequence from a sample |
EP3100994A4 (en) * | 2014-01-31 | 2017-08-30 | NGK Insulators, Ltd. | Porous plate-shaped filler |
EP3127869B1 (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2021-06-09 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co., Ltd. | Silicon oxide-coated zinc oxide, method for producing same, and composition and cosmetic including silicon oxide-coated zinc oxide |
CN105727909A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2016-07-06 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Silica gel microsphere with core-shell structure and preparation and application thereof |
CN104645950A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-05-27 | 上海通微分析技术有限公司 | Core-shell particles for chromatographic packing and preparation method thereof |
JP7007541B2 (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2022-02-10 | 国立大学法人東北大学 | Method for manufacturing core-shell type porous silica particles |
WO2018023033A1 (en) | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-01 | Western Michigan University Research Foundation | Magnetic nanoparticle-based gyroscopic sensor |
CN106344539B (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2019-01-29 | 湖北大学 | A kind of preparation method of multifunctional targeted Nano capsule anticancer drug |
WO2018081553A1 (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2018-05-03 | Wake Forest University | Compositions and associated methods of mesoporous nanoparticles comprising platinum-acridine molecules |
CN106748589B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-07-03 | 安徽理工大学 | Emulsion Compound sensitizer containing energy and preparation method thereof |
DE102017009236A1 (en) * | 2017-10-04 | 2019-04-04 | Dr. Albin Maisch High Performance LC GmbH | Surface porous support materials and the process for their preparation |
EP3498782B1 (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2020-09-16 | Imertech Sas | Preparation of silica-coated calcium carbonates with increased surface area and mesoporosity and silica hollow shells obtained from them |
CN108341415A (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2018-07-31 | 西北大学 | A kind of preparation method of macroporous silica core-shell particles |
WO2020045077A1 (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2020-03-05 | 国立大学法人東北大学 | Method for producing core-shell porous silica particles |
CN111252772B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2022-03-22 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Method for adjusting aperture of silicon dioxide |
CN109467102A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-15 | 昆明理工大学 | A method of SBA-15 molecular sieve is synthesized using SILICA FUME |
CN109880175A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-06-14 | 江苏申凯包装高新技术股份有限公司 | A kind of double template mesoporous supports/light stimulus responsiveness assembly |
CN110003997B (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2021-05-25 | 广州市保洁星科技发展有限公司 | Degreasing dry cleaning agent for textile and clothing and preparation method thereof |
KR102201262B1 (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2021-01-08 | 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 | method of preparing pore-engineered silica nanoreactors and method of porous platinum nanodendrites using the same |
CN110064382B (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2020-12-08 | 中谱科技(福州)有限公司 | Porous silicon oxide microsphere and preparation method and application thereof |
CN110548481B (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2022-04-19 | 内江师范学院 | Hollow-structure CO adsorbent with nano CuO coated by Y-type molecular sieve and preparation method and application thereof |
KR20210043352A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2021-04-21 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Silicon composite, preparation method of thereof, and anode materials and lithium secondary battery comprising the same |
CN111317825B (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2021-08-24 | 南京市江宁医院 | Regularly folded ultra-small-size large-pore inorganic silicon macromolecular drug carrier, and preparation method and application thereof |
KR102523962B1 (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2023-04-21 | 한국과학기술연구원 | Surface aminated mesoporous silica nanoparticles, preparation method and use thereof |
CN112619593B (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-08-02 | 吉林建筑大学 | Adsorption material for sulfonamide antibiotics in sewage and preparation method thereof |
CN112940416B (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-08-09 | 武汉理工大学 | Microwave composite dielectric substrate for high-frequency and high-speed environment and preparation method thereof |
CN112850724B (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2022-10-04 | 厦门色谱分析仪器有限公司 | Preparation method of monodisperse pore-size-adjustable full-porous silica chromatographic microspheres |
CN113060750B (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2022-04-08 | 电子科技大学 | Preparation method of mesoporous ionic compound for extracting uranium from seawater |
CN113307276A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-27 | 江苏理文化工有限公司 | Preparation method of SBA-15 microspheres |
CN113385222A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-09-14 | 复旦大学 | Monodisperse mesoporous silica composite zeolite core-shell material and preparation method thereof |
CN113277519B (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2022-09-16 | 清华大学 | Silicon dioxide mesoporous material using waste glass as raw material and preparation method and application thereof |
CN113277520B (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2022-09-16 | 清华大学 | Silicon dioxide mesoporous material and preparation method and application thereof |
CN114002356B (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2024-02-20 | 南通群安电子材料有限公司 | Method for detecting content of stabilizer by high performance liquid chromatography |
CN114408932B (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2023-09-26 | 南京工业大学 | Method for preparing silica-based aerogel balls with controllable particle size by continuous liquid phase polymerization |
CN114684804B (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2023-11-03 | 南京大学 | Preparation method of mesoporous carbon used as hydrogen fuel cell catalyst carrier |
CN114849777B (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2023-09-19 | 贵州大学 | 2D lamellar structure silicon dioxide-based desulfurization catalyst and preparation method thereof |
CN114917847B (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2023-06-30 | 华南理工大学 | Silica microsphere and preparation method and application thereof |
CN115974089B (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-10-20 | 江苏海格新材料有限公司 | Production method of active silicon micropowder |
CN116282050A (en) * | 2023-03-16 | 2023-06-23 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Preparation method of surface mesoporous silica monodisperse microsphere |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007122930A1 (en) | 2006-04-20 | 2007-11-01 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | Core-shell silica and method for producing same |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4070283A (en) * | 1976-12-08 | 1978-01-24 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Controlled surface porosity particles and a method for their production |
-
2009
- 2009-11-26 EP EP09764593.1A patent/EP2365997B1/en active Active
- 2009-11-26 SG SG2011037207A patent/SG171795A1/en unknown
- 2009-11-26 WO PCT/IE2009/000083 patent/WO2010061367A2/en active Application Filing
- 2009-11-26 US US13/131,294 patent/US9080056B2/en active Active
- 2009-11-26 JP JP2011538099A patent/JP2012509974A/en active Pending
- 2009-11-26 AU AU2009321174A patent/AU2009321174A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-11-26 KR KR1020117014553A patent/KR20110100230A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-11-26 IE IE20090904A patent/IE20090904A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-11-26 CN CN2009801524533A patent/CN102272239A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007122930A1 (en) | 2006-04-20 | 2007-11-01 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | Core-shell silica and method for producing same |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
Title |
---|
GUNTER BÜCHEL; KLAUS K UNGER; AKIHIKO MASTUMOTO; KAZUO TSUTSUMI, MATERIALS, vol. 10, no. 13, pages 1036 - 1038 |
KIM ET AL., COLLOIDS AND SURFACES. A, PHYSICACHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS, vol. 313-314, 27 December 2007 (2007-12-27), pages 77 - 81 |
MARIA CHONG A.S. ET AL., MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS, vol. 752, no. 1-3, 8 July 2004 (2004-07-08), pages 33 - 42 |
YANG L ET AL., PARTICUOLOGY, vol. 6, no. 3, 1 June 2008 (2008-06-01), pages 143 - 148 |
YUAN Z-Y ET AL., COLLOIDS AND SURFACES. A, vol. 241, no. 1-3, 2004, pages 95 - 102 |
Cited By (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP4353682A2 (en) | 2010-07-26 | 2024-04-17 | Waters Technologies Corporation | Superficially porous materials comprising a substantially nonporous hybrid core having narrow particle size distribution; process for the preparation thereof; and use thereof for chromatographic separations |
US11478775B2 (en) | 2010-07-26 | 2022-10-25 | Waters Technologies Corporation | Superficially porous materials comprising a substantially nonporous hybrid core having narrow particle size distribution |
EP3834928A1 (en) | 2010-07-26 | 2021-06-16 | Waters Technologies Corporation | Superficially porous materials comprising a substantially nonporous hybrid core having narrow particle size distribution; process for the preparation thereof; and use thereof for chromatographic separations |
WO2012018596A2 (en) | 2010-07-26 | 2012-02-09 | Waters Technologies Corporation | Superficially porous materials comprising a substantially nonporous hybrid core having narrow particle size distribution; process for the preparation thereof; and use thereof for chromatographic separations |
EP3834927A1 (en) | 2010-07-26 | 2021-06-16 | Waters Technologies Corporation | Superficially porous materials comprising a substantially nonporous core having narrow particle size distribution; process for the preparation thereof; and use thereof for chromatographic separations |
WO2012110995A1 (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2012-08-23 | Glantreo Limited | Silica core-shell microparticles |
US10493428B2 (en) | 2011-12-01 | 2019-12-03 | Thermo Electron Manufacturing Limited | Porous particles for liquid chromatography and processes for the preparation thereof |
EP2785641B1 (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2018-02-21 | Thermo Electron Manufacturing Ltd. | Porous particles for liquid chromatography and processes for the preparation thereof |
US10092894B2 (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2018-10-09 | Waters Technologies Corporation | Chromatographic materials for the separation of unsaturated molecules |
US10744484B2 (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2020-08-18 | Waters Technologies Corporation | Chromatographic materials for the separation of unsaturated molecules |
EP3936226A2 (en) | 2013-06-11 | 2022-01-12 | Waters Technologies Corporation | Chromatographic columns and separation devices comprising a superficially porous material; and use thereof for supercritical fluid chromatography and other chromatography |
WO2017155848A1 (en) | 2016-03-06 | 2017-09-14 | Waters Technologies Corporation | Porous materials with controlled porosity; process for the preparation thereof; and use thereof for chromatographic separations |
WO2017155870A1 (en) | 2016-03-06 | 2017-09-14 | Waters Technologies Corporation | Superficially porous materials comprising a coated core having narrow particle size distribution; process for the preparation thereof; and use thereof for chromatographic separations |
US10434496B2 (en) | 2016-03-29 | 2019-10-08 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. | Superficially porous particles with dual pore structure and methods for making the same |
CN106978170B (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2019-09-27 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of water-solubility fluorescent carbon quantum dot |
CN106978170A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-07-25 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of water-solubility fluorescent carbon quantum dot |
US11951453B2 (en) | 2018-01-12 | 2024-04-09 | Restek Cororation | Superficially porous particles and methods for forming superficially porous particles |
WO2019140198A1 (en) | 2018-01-12 | 2019-07-18 | Restek Corporation | Superficially porous particles and methods for forming superficially porous particles |
EP3737495A4 (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2021-10-20 | Restek Corporation | Superficially porous particles and methods for forming superficially porous particles |
EP3808703A4 (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2021-06-23 | Tohoku University | Production method for core-shell porous silica particles |
US11964253B2 (en) | 2018-06-15 | 2024-04-23 | Tohoku University | Production method for core-shell porous silica particles |
WO2021188945A1 (en) | 2020-03-20 | 2021-09-23 | Restek Corporation | Spike particles, superficially porous spike particles, chromatographic separation devices, and processes for forming spike particles |
WO2023157020A1 (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2023-08-24 | Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research | Continuous flow synthesis of mesoporous silica particles |
CN115106070A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-09-27 | 南通裕弘分析仪器有限公司 | Preparation method and application of spherical silica gel chromatographic packing with different particle sizes |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20110226990A1 (en) | 2011-09-22 |
WO2010061367A3 (en) | 2010-08-05 |
SG171795A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
JP2012509974A (en) | 2012-04-26 |
EP2365997B1 (en) | 2019-03-20 |
KR20110100230A (en) | 2011-09-09 |
CN102272239A (en) | 2011-12-07 |
US9080056B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 |
AU2009321174A1 (en) | 2011-07-14 |
IE20090904A1 (en) | 2010-07-07 |
EP2365997A2 (en) | 2011-09-21 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US9080056B2 (en) | Process for preparing silica microparticles | |
JP6199184B2 (en) | Surface porous material comprising a substantially non-porous core with a narrow particle size distribution, process for its production and its use for chromatographic separation | |
Gu et al. | Organic–inorganic mesoporous nanocarriers integrated with biogenic ligands | |
US8685283B2 (en) | Superficially porous metal oxide particles, methods for making them, and separation devices using them | |
JP5358570B2 (en) | Fine particle synthesis method | |
Sasidharan et al. | Synthesis of mesoporous hollow silica nanospheres using polymeric micelles as template and their application as a drug-delivery carrier | |
WO2012110995A1 (en) | Silica core-shell microparticles | |
WO2006095845A1 (en) | Regularly arranged nanoparticulate silica and process for producing the same | |
JP2017512132A (en) | Chromatographic material and synthesis method thereof | |
Abramson et al. | An eco-friendly route to magnetic silica microspheres and nanospheres | |
US9284456B2 (en) | Superficially porous metal oxide particles, methods for making them, and separation devices using them | |
Mousavi Elyerdi et al. | Synthesis of ultra small nanoparticles (< 50 nm) of mesoporous MCM-48 for bio-adsorption | |
Mizutani et al. | Pore-expansion of monodisperse mesoporous silica spheres by a novel surfactant exchange method | |
Newalkar et al. | Synthesis and characterization of PSU-1, a novel cage-like mesoporous silica | |
Lee et al. | New approach for the control of size and surface characteristics of mesoporous silica particles by using mixed surfactants in W/O emulsion | |
Zhang et al. | Large pore methylene-bridged periodic mesoporous organosilicas: synthesis, bifunctionalization and their use as nanotemplates | |
Fang et al. | Massage ball-like, hollow porous Au/SiO 2 microspheres templated by a Pickering emulsion derived from polymer–metal hybrid emulsifier micelles | |
Liu et al. | A general method for the synthesis of various rattle-type microspheres and their diverse applications | |
KR101383677B1 (en) | Amidoxime-functionalised organic-inorganic hybrid mesoporous materials for drug delivery, manufacturing method of the materials | |
Claude et al. | Elaboration of an Easy Aqueous Sol-Gel Method for the Synthesis of Micro-and Mesoporous γ-Al 2 O 3 Supports | |
US8415403B2 (en) | Mesoporous materials and reactants for preparing them | |
Watanabe et al. | Preparation of colloidal monodisperse hollow organosiloxane-based nanoparticles with a double mesoporous shell | |
Shende et al. | Robust Optimization and Characterization of MCM‐41 Nanoparticle Synthesis using Modified Sol‐Gel Method | |
Xu et al. | Synthesis of mesoporous silica spheres utilizing in tandem with POSS-based block copolymer and anion surfactant as dual-template | |
Farid | Surface and modification of LP-SBA-15 with polyethyleneimine for celecoxib delivery |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200980152453.3 Country of ref document: CN |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 09764593 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A2 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2011538099 Country of ref document: JP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 13131294 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2009764593 Country of ref document: EP |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20117014553 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2009321174 Country of ref document: AU Ref document number: 2601/KOLNP/2011 Country of ref document: IN |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2009321174 Country of ref document: AU Date of ref document: 20091126 Kind code of ref document: A |