WO2010059536A2 - Modification des forces d'expansion en ajoutant une compression - Google Patents

Modification des forces d'expansion en ajoutant une compression Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2010059536A2
WO2010059536A2 PCT/US2009/064501 US2009064501W WO2010059536A2 WO 2010059536 A2 WO2010059536 A2 WO 2010059536A2 US 2009064501 W US2009064501 W US 2009064501W WO 2010059536 A2 WO2010059536 A2 WO 2010059536A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liner
tubular
mandrel
borehole
pipe
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2009/064501
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2010059536A3 (fr
Inventor
Mark Wilson Anderson
Donald Bruce Campo
Robert Lance Cook
Darrell Scott Costa
Original Assignee
Shell Oil Company
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Oil Company, Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. filed Critical Shell Oil Company
Priority to US13/129,415 priority Critical patent/US20110253394A1/en
Priority to CN2009801507330A priority patent/CN102257242A/zh
Priority to BRPI0921309A priority patent/BRPI0921309A2/pt
Priority to GB1108047A priority patent/GB2477249A/en
Publication of WO2010059536A2 publication Critical patent/WO2010059536A2/fr
Publication of WO2010059536A3 publication Critical patent/WO2010059536A3/fr
Priority to NO20110901A priority patent/NO20110901A1/no

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
    • E21B43/10—Setting of casings, screens, liners or the like in wells
    • E21B43/103—Setting of casings, screens, liners or the like in wells of expandable casings, screens, liners, or the like

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates generally to a system and a method for expanding an expandable casing in a drilled hole. More particularly, the present invention relates to methods for reducing the amount of expansion force that is required to expand the casing.
  • Expansion of the casing may be accomplished by passing a mandrel through the casing, among other techniques.
  • the mandrel is typically frustoconical in shape and has a diameter greater than the unexpanded diameter of the casing.
  • the mandrel is typically placed at the bottom of the casing interval before the casing interval is inserted into the borehole.
  • the expandable casing may be lowered into the borehole on the mandrel. After the casing and the mandrel are placed into the borehole, the mandrel is drawn upward through the unexpanded casing, thereby expanding the casing.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram depicting a system for expanding a pipe, according to one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram depicting another system for expanding a pipe, according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram depicting yet another system for expanding a pipe, according to a third embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram depicting yet another system for expanding a pipe, according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram depicting yet another system for expanding a pipe, according to a fifth embodiment of the invention.
  • a first liner 124 is placed inside a borehole 126 within a formation 128. If the well is offshore, borehole 126 is drilled from a rig resting on the seafloor, a floating rig, or other vessel. In that case, a riser 132, comprising a long tube of steel from the sea floor to a surface vessel, allows drilling mud to be pumped into borehole 126 and returned to the surface.
  • first liner 124 has an upper end 134, which may be fixed in the borehole by filling the annulus between first liner 124 and formation 128 with cement. Upper end 134 may be coupled to a blowout preventer (BOP) 138, which can be closed in the event that excess formation pressure threatens to blow out the well.
  • BOP blowout preventer
  • a drilling cycle continues until the desired depth is reached, whereupon the drill bit is removed and first liner 124 is lowered into the borehole.
  • First liner 124 is then expanded and/or cemented, if desired.
  • the drill bit is then reinserted into borehole 126, though first liner 124, and a second drilling cycle begins and continues until the next desired depth is reached.
  • the drill bit is again removed, and second liner 140 is inserted through first liner 124 and into borehole 126.
  • the outer diameter of second liner 140 is smaller than the inner diameter of first liner 124, providing clearance as second liner 140 is passed through first liner 124.
  • Liner 140 has an upper end 144 and a lower end 146.
  • second liner 140 may be expanded, and the drilling cycles can be continued through first liner 124 and second liner 140. Typically, one or more intervals of casing will already be positioned in borehole 126 before second liner 140 is placed in borehole 126.
  • Expansion of liner 140 may be carried out by pulling an expansion cone 102 upwardly through liner 140.
  • expansion may be carried out by providing a hydraulic expansion device that provides a radial expansion force and is moved incrementally through liner 140. Regardless of how expansion is carried out, it is necessary to overcome the yield strength of the pipe in order to deform it to its expanded diameter.
  • Expansion cone or mandrel 102 preferably includes a narrow portion 104 that can fit within liner 140 and a wide portion 106 that has a larger diameter than liner 140.
  • the wide portion 106 preferably has a diameter that is smaller than the inner diameter of first liner 124, so that that mandrel 102 can be removed from the casing and drawn up to the surface after expanding liner 140.
  • Mandrel 102 is preferably suspended from a drill string 154 or other guide string, such as are known in the art, that passes through liner 124 and liner 140. As it passes through liner 140, mandrel 102 will plastically deform liner 140 radially outward, thereby increasing the inner diameter (and, generally, the outer diameter) of liner 140.
  • a pressure mechanism 114 is applied to liner 140 in order to facilitate expansion of liner 140.
  • a ballast pipe 120 may be included at the upper end of second liner 140. Ballast pipe 120 preferably remains within first liner 124 when second liner 140 has been lowered to its desired depth. The weight of ballast pipe 120 applies downward compressive force on the upper end of liner 140. The weight of ballast pipe 120 and the weight of liner 140 itself result in a combined axial compressive load at the bottom of liner 140.
  • ballast pipe 120 Even if liner 140 is not resting on mandrel 102, such as in cases where liner 140 is resting on the borehole bottom, the added weight of ballast pipe 120 still results in a reduction of the required expansion force.
  • the use of a ballast pipe or other weighting device is advantageous regardless of whether liner 140 is supported on the expansion device and regardless of whether the expansion device is moving upwardly or downwardly through liner 140.
  • liner 140 will have an expanded portion 156 and an unexpanded portion 158.
  • expanded portion 156 will lengthen until there is nothing left of unexpanded portion 158.
  • Mandrel 102 is preferably sufficiently narrow to fit through first liner 124 and be retrieved from the surface when drawn upward by a pipe string or other device 154.
  • mandrel 102 need not move upward relative to second liner 140; downward movement is also contemplated.
  • liner 140 may be pushed downward over mandrel 102, or both items may move simultaneously relative to the borehole.
  • radial expansion force may be applied to liner 140 without use of a mandrel, such as through application of hydraulic pressure or mechanical force. If desired, explosives or high-pressure chemical reactions may also or alternatively be used to move mandrel 102 through the pipe.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram depicting another system for expanding a pipe, and includes at least one aspect of the present invention.
  • the various elements shown in FIG. 2 are similar to like-numbered elements of FIG. 1.
  • the ballast that is shown as a separate device 120 in FIG. 1 may instead comprise part of liner 140.
  • liner 140 will be slid entirely though first liner 124 until a desired portion 142 is below liner 124.
  • the portion 143 of liner 140 that lies within liner 124 functions as a weight resting on the lower portion 142 of liner 140.
  • the weight of upper portion 143 increases compressive force, reduces required expansion force, and may increase applied expansion force in lower portion 142.
  • ballast pipe may have a diameter that is unequal to the diameter of liner 140, with the result that ballast pipe cannot rest directly on liner 140.
  • the weight of the ballast pipe can be transferred to liner 140 by any suitable weight transfer mechanism at the interface between the ballast pipe and liner 140.
  • the weight of ballast pipe 120 is thus preferably supported until mandrel 102 has passed fully through expandable portion 142, whereupon the weight of ballast pipe 120 is transferred to mandrel 102 for removal from the borehole.
  • the ballast can be applied to the upper end of liner 140 after liner 140 has been positioned at the desired axial position in the borehole, or the ballast can be applied when liner 140 is not resting on the expansion device. In the former case, it will be preferred to provide some means for preventing the expanded liner 140 from falling downwardly into the borehole, such as by ensuring that the expanded liner 140 engages the borehole wall.
  • the bottom of the expandable can be supported by something other than mandrel 102, e.g. either the expandable is resting on the borehole bottom or the bottom of the expandable has been expanded (using a jack) and is "set" against the borehole wall. In that case, the added compression merely makes it easier to expand the expandable.
  • Mandrel 102 may have a starting angle that provides a relatively large axial compression and a relatively small radial expansion to lower end 146 of liner 140 as mandrel 102 enters liner 140. Mandrel 102 may also have an expansion angle that is more tapered than the starting angle and that provides a relatively smaller axial compression and relatively greater radial expansion than the starting angle as mandrel 102 moves through second liner 140. A reverse situation is also possible: mandrel 102 may have a starting angle that is very tapered and that provides a relatively large radial expansion and only a relatively small axial compression to liner 140. Mandrel 102 may also have an expansion angle that is provides more axial compression and less radial expansion than the starting angle. Mandrels with more than two angles are also contemplated.
  • Ballast pipe 120 may comprise any suitable material and need not be expandable. Any weight or other means of providing an axial compression, force or pressure on second liner 140 may be used as ballast pipe 120.
  • Liner 140 is preferably fabricated of an expandable material. Thus, mandrel 102 simply carries ballast pipe 120 out of the borehole when mandrel 102 is withdrawn from the well.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram depicting yet another system for expanding a pipe.
  • the various elements shown in FIG. 3 are similar to like-numbered elements of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2.
  • ballast pipe 12O. may be replaced by other means of providing axial compression on liner 140.
  • a pressure mechanism 114 may include a cup 122 (or a gripper, or a wedge) adjacent to upper end 144 of liner 140.
  • cup 122 or a gripper, or a wedge
  • the application of fluid pressure behind (above) cup 122 will cause cup 122 to deform against the inside of liner 124, forming a seal. Further pressure will cause cup 122 to bear on upper end 144 of liner 140.
  • cup 122 can apply a compressive force to upper lip 144 of liner 140, thereby resulting in the same benefits as ballast member 120. Stationary while an upward compressive force or pressure is applied to lower lip 146 of second liner 140. .
  • pressure mechanism 114 includes an alternative mechanism for providing axial compression to liner 140.
  • pressure mechanism 114 includes a first diaphragm 148, which may be coupled to first liner 124, and a second diaphragm 150, which may be coupled to upper lip 144 of second liner 140.
  • First diaphragm 148 is preferably not coupled to string 154.
  • a hydraulic line 152 provides fluid access to the space 159 between first and second diaphragms 148, 150. Pumping fluid through line 152 into space 159 results in the application of a compressive force to upper end 144 of liner 140.
  • Hydraulic line 152 may comprise a hose or other suitable device, such as are known in the art.
  • pressure mechanism 114 may alternatively include a upper diaphragm 148 that is coupled to mandrel 102, rather than to first liner 124.
  • Hydraulic line 152 supplies fluid pressure to the space 159 between upper diaphragm 148 and lower diaphragm 150.
  • the fluid pressure will force lower diaphragm 150 downward from first diaphragm 148, while simultaneously forcing upper diaphragm 148 upward, thereby drawing mandrel 102 upward through liner 140.
  • Upper diaphragm 148 and lower diaphragm 150 cooperate to apply an axial compressive force to second liner 140.
  • the downward compressive force that is applied to liner 140 will approximately equal the upward axial force that is applied by the mandrel. Accordingly, the upward axial force applied by the mandrel and the compressive force in the second axial direction will provide a net zero axial force, such that the only net force on the pipe is radially outward. In another implementation, the compressive force that is applied in the second axial direction will be substantially greater than the upward axial force that is applied by the mandrel. In this case, if the liner is not resting on something (such as the borehole bottom), the downward force may be sufficient to move the pipe past the mandrel.
  • the bottom of the pipe engages the borehole wall such that the wall applies a downward force in opposition to the upward force applied by the mandrel.
  • the applied compressive facilitates expansion by reducing the required expansion force.
  • the upward axial force that is applied by the mandrel causes the mandrel to move upward through the pipe, while expanding the pipe.
  • a jack may be used to initiate deformation (i.e. movement of the mandrel relative to the pipe).
  • the pressure mechanism serves to increase compressive force on the pipe at the expansion point, thereby reducing the expansion (jacking) force.
  • the mandrel may be replaced with an electromechanical device (such as a motor) that can apply a radial force that is greater than the tension within the drill string, and that is also greater than the weight of the fluid in the well.
  • the electromechanical device may also include a sensor that can detect cracks or other structural problems within the pipe, and may be able to adjust a magnitude of the radial force in accordance with an ability of the pipe to sustain the radial force without damage.

Abstract

L'invention divulgue un procédé pour déployer un élément tubulaire dans un trou de forage, l'élément tubulaire présentant des extrémités supérieure et inférieure, le système comprenant a) l'application d'une charge de compression à l'extrémité supérieure de l'élément tubulaire, et b) l'expansion de l'élément tubulaire en déplaçant un dispositif d'expansion par rapport à l'élément tubulaire tout en maintenant la charge de compression. L'étape a) peut comprendre la pose d'un poids sur l'extrémité supérieure de l'élément tubulaire, ou l'application d'une pression hydraulique à l'extrémité supérieure de l'élément tubulaire. L'extrémité inférieure de l'élément tubulaire peut engager la formation avant l'étape b) ou à la suite de l'étape b).
PCT/US2009/064501 2008-11-18 2009-11-16 Modification des forces d'expansion en ajoutant une compression WO2010059536A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/129,415 US20110253394A1 (en) 2008-11-18 2009-11-16 Modifying expansion forces by adding compression
CN2009801507330A CN102257242A (zh) 2008-11-18 2009-11-16 通过增加压缩来改变膨胀力
BRPI0921309A BRPI0921309A2 (pt) 2008-11-18 2009-11-16 método para expandir um tubular em um furo de sondagem
GB1108047A GB2477249A (en) 2008-11-18 2009-11-16 Modifying expansion forces by adding compression
NO20110901A NO20110901A1 (no) 2008-11-18 2011-06-16 Modifisering av ekspansjonskrefter ved a pafore trykk

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11578708P 2008-11-18 2008-11-18
US61/115,787 2008-11-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010059536A2 true WO2010059536A2 (fr) 2010-05-27
WO2010059536A3 WO2010059536A3 (fr) 2010-08-12

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2009/064501 WO2010059536A2 (fr) 2008-11-18 2009-11-16 Modification des forces d'expansion en ajoutant une compression

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20110253394A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102257242A (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0921309A2 (fr)
GB (1) GB2477249A (fr)
NO (1) NO20110901A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010059536A2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102261261A (zh) * 2011-08-15 2011-11-30 河南理工大学 构造煤发育区钻进、增透一体化装置
CN102926797A (zh) * 2012-11-21 2013-02-13 河南理工大学 煤矿三高区钻孔、排粉、增透一体化装置

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104929551B (zh) * 2015-06-15 2017-12-01 冯国庆 油田高压水井不泄压换阀装置和换阀方法
CN109281635A (zh) * 2018-09-29 2019-01-29 西南石油大学 一种爆炸激发式井下环空防喷器
CN111677480B (zh) * 2020-06-04 2022-11-08 大庆油田有限责任公司 一种套管补贴用双作用控制阀

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3412565A (en) * 1966-10-03 1968-11-26 Continental Oil Co Method of strengthening foundation piling
US5667011A (en) * 1995-01-16 1997-09-16 Shell Oil Company Method of creating a casing in a borehole
WO2001036788A1 (fr) * 1999-11-15 2001-05-25 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Procede d'elargissement d'un element tubulaire dans un puits de forage
US20060065403A1 (en) * 2002-09-20 2006-03-30 Watson Brock W Bottom plug for forming a mono diameter wellbore casing

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3568773A (en) * 1969-11-17 1971-03-09 Robert O Chancellor Apparatus and method for setting liners in well casings
GB9920935D0 (en) * 1999-09-06 1999-11-10 E2 Tech Ltd Apparatus for and a method of anchoring a first conduit to a second conduit
CA2471053C (fr) * 2003-06-16 2007-11-06 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Expansion de tubage de trou de forage utilisant deux dispositifs d'expansion
US20070000664A1 (en) * 2005-06-30 2007-01-04 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Axial compression enhanced tubular expansion

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3412565A (en) * 1966-10-03 1968-11-26 Continental Oil Co Method of strengthening foundation piling
US5667011A (en) * 1995-01-16 1997-09-16 Shell Oil Company Method of creating a casing in a borehole
WO2001036788A1 (fr) * 1999-11-15 2001-05-25 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Procede d'elargissement d'un element tubulaire dans un puits de forage
US20060065403A1 (en) * 2002-09-20 2006-03-30 Watson Brock W Bottom plug for forming a mono diameter wellbore casing

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102261261A (zh) * 2011-08-15 2011-11-30 河南理工大学 构造煤发育区钻进、增透一体化装置
CN102926797A (zh) * 2012-11-21 2013-02-13 河南理工大学 煤矿三高区钻孔、排粉、增透一体化装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BRPI0921309A2 (pt) 2017-05-30
CN102257242A (zh) 2011-11-23
US20110253394A1 (en) 2011-10-20
GB201108047D0 (en) 2011-06-29
WO2010059536A3 (fr) 2010-08-12
NO20110901A1 (no) 2011-06-16
GB2477249A (en) 2011-07-27

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