WO2010054502A1 - 一种脱去地毯背胶的方法及其设备 - Google Patents

一种脱去地毯背胶的方法及其设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010054502A1
WO2010054502A1 PCT/CN2008/001875 CN2008001875W WO2010054502A1 WO 2010054502 A1 WO2010054502 A1 WO 2010054502A1 CN 2008001875 W CN2008001875 W CN 2008001875W WO 2010054502 A1 WO2010054502 A1 WO 2010054502A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
carpet
grinding wheel
equal
roller
grinding
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2008/001875
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
喻成进
Original Assignee
Yu Chengjin
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yu Chengjin filed Critical Yu Chengjin
Priority to PCT/CN2008/001875 priority Critical patent/WO2010054502A1/zh
Priority to US13/128,637 priority patent/US8500047B2/en
Publication of WO2010054502A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010054502A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
    • B24B27/033—Other grinding machines or devices for grinding a surface for cleaning purposes, e.g. for descaling or for grinding off flaws in the surface
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
    • A47G27/00—Floor fabrics; Fastenings therefor
    • A47G27/04—Carpet fasteners; Carpet-expanding devices ; Laying carpeting; Tools therefor
    • A47G27/0437—Laying carpeting, e.g. wall-to-wall carpeting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • B29B2017/0424—Specific disintegrating techniques; devices therefor
    • B29B2017/0484—Grinding tools, roller mills or disc mills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/732—Floor coverings
    • B29L2031/7322—Carpets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/11—Methods of delaminating, per se; i.e., separating at bonding face
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/19—Delaminating means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of removing carpet backing (a mixture of CaCO 3 and SBR styrene butadiene rubber), and to an apparatus dedicated to the method.
  • the carpet is generally made of fibers woven on a PP woven tape, a PP mesh of the bottom layer, and the middle. &0) Composition of a mixture of 3 and SBR.
  • the mixture of CaC0 3 and SBR is completely viscous at the root of the fiber U-shape. This creates great difficulties for recycling the useful fibers in the carpet.
  • the first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for detaching carpet fibers and adhesives adhering to the roots of fibers at a small investment, high processing efficiency and high recovery rate. Turned into a powdery object, and the fibers on the carpet remain the same length, which makes it easy to separate the two.
  • the method for removing the carpet backing of the present invention is as follows:
  • the carpet with the PP net removed is fed to the grinder wheel by an active feeding device consisting of a pair of pressed rollers.
  • the grinding wheel grinds the backing or backing and part of the PP braid. Powdered.
  • the set of pressing rollers of the active feeding device are active and driven rollers respectively, and the grinding surface distance between the driving roller and the grinding wheel is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm.
  • a pressure roller device with a roller is further arranged to press the carpet on the grinding surface of the grinder grinding wheel to further grind until the adhesive is completely powdered, and the roller of the pressure roller device is The distance from the grinding surface of the grinder wheel is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm.
  • the difference between the grinding wheel grinding speed and the carpet feeding speed is greater than or equal to 500 m/min and less than or equal to 2500 m/min, and the grinder grinding wheel is preferably made of silicon carbide, with gas 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇
  • the grinding wheel rotation speed is greater than or equal to 500 rev / min, less than or equal to 2500 rev / min, the outer diameter of the grinding wheel is greater than or equal to 200 mm, less than or equal to 600 mm.
  • the method of the present invention is more effective than the method of shearing the fibers on the carpet by shearing the scissors, and the processing speed is greatly improved.
  • the invention is completely environmentally friendly and does not cause secondary pollution.
  • the invention has simple operation, low failure rate and easy realization of automatic production.
  • the method effectively solves the problem of removing the CaC0 3 and SBR mixture in the carpet which has been plagued by people for many years, and greatly promotes the landfill of the carpet and the recovery of the carpet.
  • the present invention is only a part of the carpet recycling system.
  • the various materials in the carpet are completely separated from the material and become a renewable resource, which can be achieved through other processes.
  • a second problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an apparatus dedicated to the above method for removing carpet backing - a grinder, a feeding device and a pressure roller device are provided on the frame, and the feeding device comprises : In the frame support seat, there are two active and driven rollers whose rotation axes are parallel and adhere to each other.
  • the active roller is fixed and close to the grinder grinding wheel, and the driven roller is slidably supported by the bearing on the guide rail of the support base and is provided with
  • the spring pressing mechanism pushes the driven roller toward the driving roller;
  • the pressing device is: a roller having a rotating shaft parallel to the grinding wheel of the grinder in a frame supporting seat, and a roller close to the grinding wheel of the grinder is slidably supported by the bearing
  • a spring pressing and stopping mechanism is arranged on the guide rail of the support seat to push the pressure roller to the grinding wheel to a certain distance.
  • the driven roller bearing is a prior art T-shaped bearing
  • the spring pressing mechanism is: a T-shaped bearing is provided with a sliding rod, a sliding spring is arranged in the middle of the sliding rod, and the sliding rod end is worn out Guide hole for the frame support.
  • the roller bearing roller bearing is a prior art T-shaped bearing, and the spring pressing mechanism limiting machine
  • the structure is: a screw is arranged on the T-shaped bearing, and a compression spring is arranged in the middle of the screw, and the end of the screw passes through the frame support seat and is screwed with a nut.
  • the feeding device is provided with a feeding guide plate; the roller of the pressure roller device is rotated by the driving roller through the sprocket chain or the belt pulley; the grinding wheel is mounted with a protective cover, and the top of the protective cover is provided with a dust removing port; A hopper is arranged under the grinding wheel, and a conveyor belt is installed under the hopper.
  • the active and driven rollers are driven by gears.
  • the device of the invention has small investment, high processing efficiency and high recovery rate, and can easily and effectively transform the adhesive tape stuck to the root of the fiber into powder, and the fiber on the carpet basically keeps the original length unchanged, making the two easy. Separation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a device according to an embodiment of the present invention with a partial cross-sectional view;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the feeding device and the pressure roller device of the apparatus embodiment of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the transmission relationship between the feeding device and the pressure roller device of the apparatus embodiment of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the structure of two carpets.
  • the two existing common carpet structures are shown in Figure 4, consisting of fibers (21) woven on the woven braid (20), a crepe (22) on the bottom, and a backing (23) in the middle (CaC0 3 and SBR).
  • the mixture consists of a mixture of CaC0 3 and SBR that is completely viscous in the U-shaped root of the fiber.
  • the method for removing the carpet backing of the present invention is as follows:
  • Classification refers to the classification of recycled carpets according to the type of surface fiber materials, which can be mainly divided into nylon. PP, PET, wool four categories.
  • the difference between the grinding speed of the grinding wheel and the feeding speed is greater than or equal to 500 m/min and less than or equal to 2500 m/min.
  • the grinding wheel of the grinder is preferably made of silicon carbide with air holes for grinding;
  • the grinding wheel speed is greater than or equal to 500 rpm, less than or equal to 2500 rpm, and the outer diameter of the grinding wheel is greater than or equal to 200 mm and less than or equal to 600 mm.
  • the pair of pressing rollers of the feeding device are active and driven rollers respectively, and the pressing force between the active and driven rollers is mutually provided by the spring, and the power is transmitted through the gear pair to ensure that the feeding does not slip; the active roller and The grinding wheel has a grinding surface distance greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm.
  • a pressure roller device can be used to press the carpet on the grinding surface of the grinder wheel for further grinding, so that the adhesive is completely powdered, and the roller and the grinding wheel of the pressure roller device are ground.
  • the surface distance is greater than or equal to 2mm, less than or equal to 10mm.
  • the mixture of the backing gel CaC03 and SBR on the carpet can be completely separated from the recyclable carpet fibers.
  • Figs. 1 to 3 The structure of the device embodiment of the present invention dedicated to the above-described method for removing the carpet backing and satisfying the requirements of the method is as shown in Figs. 1 to 3:
  • a grinder, a feeding device 2 and a pressure roller device 3 are arranged on a frame 26, and the feeding device structure comprises: two active and driven two rotating shafts arranged in parallel and mutually attached to each other in a frame supporting base 4.
  • Roller 5, 6, of course, the rotation axes of the two rollers are parallel to the grinding wheel axis, and the power between the active 5 and the driven roller 6 is transmitted through the gear transmission pair 19, and the two are steered relative to each other.
  • the drive motor and reducer of the drum is the drive motor and reducer of the drum.
  • the steering of the grinding wheel is clockwise and cannot be reversed. Otherwise, the grinding wheel will fall off.
  • the driving roller 5 is fixed on the frame and close to the grinding wheel 1.
  • the grinding surface distance between the driving roller 5 and the grinding wheel 1 is greater than or equal to 2 mm. Or equal to 10mm.
  • the driven roller 6 of this example is slidably supported on the guide rail of the support base 4 by the prior art T-shaped bearing 7.
  • the T-shaped bearing 7 is provided with a slide bar 8 with a compression spring 9 in the middle of the slide bar 8
  • the end portion of the 8 is passed through the guide hole of the frame support and is slidable in the guide hole, and the compression spring 9 urges the driven roller 6 toward the drive roller 5, so that the two rollers clamp the carpet 24 to the grinder grinding wheel 1.
  • the drive motor of the driving roller is equipped with a smooth switch, which can facilitate the advancement and retreat of the carpet material.
  • the support base 4 can be fixed to the frame by an elongated mounting hole, so that the support base 4 can be adjusted with the grinder The position ensures that the distance between the active roller 5 and the grinding surface of the grinding wheel 1 is satisfactory.
  • a pressure roller device with a roller is pressed to press the carpet on the grinding surface of the grinder wheel.
  • the pressure roller device of this example is: a rotating shaft parallel in a frame support 4
  • the pressure roller 25 of the grinding wheel of the grinder is close to the grinding wheel 1 of the grinder, and is also slidably supported on the guide rail of the support base 4 by the T-bearing of the prior art.
  • the T-bearing is provided with a screw 10, which is installed in the middle of the screw.
  • the compression spring 9, the end of the screw 10 passes through the frame support and is screwed with a nut 11; the roller of the pressure roller device is rotated by the drive roller 4 through the chain 14 of the sprocket 13 .
  • the compression spring pushes the roller to the grinder wheel, and the nut 11 at the end of the screw 10 maintains a certain distance and adjustment between the roller and the grinder.
  • a feeding guide 12 is arranged behind the feeding device, so that the carpet is placed on the top to push the feeding mechanism to prevent accidents; the protective wheel 15 is mounted on the grinding wheel 1, and the dust removing port 16 is opened at the top of the protective cover to eliminate the grinding process.
  • the dust generated in the grinding wheel; a hopper 17 is arranged under the grinding wheel, and is mainly used for collecting the ground fiber and the protective effect of the grinding, and the conveyor belt 18 is installed under the hopper 17.
  • the conveyor belt is driven by a separate motor and gearbox, and the drive mechanism of the conveyor belt is not shown.
  • a roller is also pressed at the outlet of the conveyor belt 18, since a protective cover is installed around the frame 26 to ensure the safety and sealing of the machine, and to ensure that the ground carpet can be efficiently conveyed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Description

一种脱去地毯背胶的方法及其设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种脱去地毯背胶（CaC03和 SBR丁苯橡胶的混合物）的方法，本 发明还涉及专用于该方法的设备。
背景技术
废旧地毯的回收处理一直是全世界政府和环保部门想解决的问题， 而废旧地毯 的回收处理难题主要就是要将纤维和背胶（CaC03和 SBR的混合物） 脱离。
地毯一般是由织在 PP编织带上的纤维、 底层的 PP网、 中间的。&0)3和 SBR 的混合物组成。 CaC03和 SBR的混合物是完全粘在纤维 U型根部的。 这对要回收 地毯里有用的纤维带来很大的困难。
很多公司在这方面都做了大量的研究， 但至今还是没有很好的解决方法。 如中 国专利公报公开的、 由荷兰 DSM公司 1996年在中国申请的发明专利《从含尼龙废 物中回收已内酰胺的方法》， 公开号 CN1196048, 其主要从化学解聚的方法上来解 决从含尼龙废物中回收已内酰胺。 这种方法的投资大， 经济效益也不明显。
现有的将地毯纤维和 CaC03、 SBR的混合物脱去的方法主要有两种，一是将地 毯破碎后用化学溶剂将 SBR溶掉，再用水来清洗掉 CaC03，这种方法对环境的污染 很大， 不能推广。 另一种方法就是用剪羊毛的剪刀来将地毯上的纤维剪断下来， 这 种方法的处理效率和回收率都低， 产量也很小。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的第一个技术问题， 就是提供一种投资小、 处理效率和回收率 高， 能简单有效地将地毯纤维和粘在纤维根部的背胶脱离的方法， 通过本方法将背 胶转变成粉状的物体， 而地毯上的纤维还保持原来的长度基本不变， 便于两者容易 分离。
本发明的脱去地毯背胶的方法步骤如下：
1 )将分类好的地毯去掉底层 PP网底；
2)将去掉 PP网底的地毯通过由一组对压的滚筒组成的主动喂料装置将粘有背 胶的一面喂给砂轮机砂轮， 砂轮将背胶或背胶以及部分 PP编织带磨削成粉状。
上述步骤中：
- 1 - 确 认 本 所述的主动喂料装置的一组对压滚筒分别为主动和从动滚筒， 主动滚筒和砂轮 机砂轮的磨削面距离大于或等于 2mm， 小于或等于 10mm。
所述的地毯被砂轮机砂轮初磨削后还设有带滚筒的压轮装置将地毯压贴在砂轮 机砂轮磨削面上进一步磨削直到背胶完全变成粉状， 压轮装置的滚筒和砂轮机砂轮 的磨削面距离大于或等于 2mm， 小于或等于 10mm。
所述的砂轮机砂轮磨削速度与地毯喂料速度之差大于或等于 500米 /分钟，小于 或等于 2500米 /分钟， 所述的砂轮机砂轮最好为碳化硅材质， 带有气 ¾^， 砂轮机砂 轮转速大于或等于 500转 /分钟， 小于或等于 2500转 /分钟， 砂轮的外直径大于或等 于 200mm, 小于或等于 600mm。
本发明的脱去地毯背胶的方法优点：
1、 相比用剪羊毛的剪刀来将地毯上的纤维剪断下来的方法， 本发明的处理 方法更加有效， 大大的提高了处理速度。
2、 相比用有机溶剂溶解 SBR的方法， 本发明完全环保， 不产生二次污染。
3、 本发明操作简单， 故障率低， 容易实现自动化生产。
本方法有效解决了过去一直困扰人们多年的脱去地毯里的 CaC03和 SBR混合 物的难题， 对减少地毯的填埋及对地毯回收起很大的推动作用。
当然， 本发明只是地毯回收系统里的一个环节， 要把地毯里的各种不同的物质 完全脱离出来， 变为可再生的资源， 还要经过其他的处理过程才能达到，
本发明所要解决的第二个问题是提供一种专用于上述脱去地毯背胶的方法的设 备- 在机架上设有砂轮机、 喂料装置及压轮装置， 所述的喂料装置包括： 在一框架 支撑座中设有旋转轴平行且相互贴合的主动和从动两个滚筒， 主动滚筒固定且贴近 砂轮机砂轮， 从动滚筒通过轴承滑动支撑在支撑座的导轨上并设有弹簧压紧机构将 从动滚筒推向主动滚筒； 所述的压轮装置为： 在一框架支撑座中设有旋转轴平行于 砂轮机砂轮轴的滚筒， 贴近砂轮机砂轮的滚筒通过轴承滑动支撑在支撑座的导轨上 并设有弹簧压紧限位机构将压轮滚筒推向砂轮机砂轮至一定的间距。
所述的从动滚筒轴承为现有技术的 T型轴承， 所述的弹簧压紧机构机构为： T 型轴承上设有滑杆， 滑杆中间装有压縮弹簧， 滑杆端部穿出框架支撑座的导向孔。
所述的压轮装置滚筒轴承为现有技术的 T型轴承， 所述的弹簧压紧机构限位机 构为： T型轴承上设有螺杆， 螺杆中间装有压缩弹簧， 螺杆端部穿出框架支撑座并 拧有螺母。
在上述基础上， 本发明还可以进一步完善：
所述的喂料装置后设有送料导板； 所述的压轮装置滚筒由主动滚筒通过链轮链 条或皮带轮皮带带转； 所述的砂轮上安装有防护罩， 防护罩顶端开有除尘口； 所述 的砂轮下面装有一料斗， 料斗下面安装有输送带。
所述的主动和从动滚筒之间通过齿轮传动。
本发明的设备投资小、 处理效率和回收率高， 能简单有效地将粘在纤维根部的 背胶脱离转变成粉状， 而地毯上的纤维还基本保持原来的长度不变， 使两者容易分 离。
附图说明
图 1是本发明设备实施例带有局部剖视的结构原理示意图；
图 2是图 1设备实施例的喂料装置和压轮装置结构原理示意图；
图 3是图 2设备实施例的喂料装置和压轮装置传动关系示意图；
图 4是两种地毯的结构示意图.
图中： 1-砂轮机砂轮， 2-喂料装置， 3-压轮装置， 4-支撑座， 5-主动滚筒， 6-从 动滚筒， 7-Τ型轴承， 8-滑杆， 9-压缩弹簧， 10-螺杆， 11-螺母， 12-送料导板， 13- 链轮， 14-链条， 15-防护罩， 16-除尘口， 17-料斗， 18-输送带， 19-齿轮副， 20-编织 带， 21-纤维， 22-ΡΡ网， 23-背胶， 24-地毯， 25-压轮滚筒， 26-机架。
具体实施方式
现有的两种常见地毯结构如图 4所示， 由织在 ΡΡ编织带 (20)上的纤维 (21)、 底 层的 ΡΡ网 (22)、 中间的背胶 (23) (CaC03和 SBR的混合物）组成， CaC03和 SBR 的混合物是完全粘在纤维 U型根部的。
本发明的脱去地毯背胶的方法步骤如下：
1 )将分类好的地毯去掉底层 PP网；
2)将去掉 PP网底的地毯通过由一组对压的滚筒组成的主动喂料装置将粘有背 胶的一面喂给砂轮机将背胶磨削成粉状。
其中：
分类是指将回收回来的废地毯按表面纤维材料的种类来分类，主要可分为尼龙、 PP、 PET, 羊毛四类。
砂轮机砂轮磨削速度与喂料速度之差大于或等于 500米 /分钟，小于或等于 2500 米 /分钟， 所述的砂轮机砂轮最好为碳化硅材质， 带有气孔， 有利于磨削； 砂轮机砂 轮转速大于或等于 500转 /分钟， 小于或等于 2500转 /分钟， 砂轮的外直径大于或等 于 200mm， 小于或等于 600mm。
喂料装置的一组对压滚筒分别为主动和从动滚筒， 主动和从动滚筒之间通过弹 簧提供相互之间的压紧力、 通过齿轮副传递动力， 保证喂料不打滑； 主动滚筒和砂 轮的磨削面距离大于或等于 2mm， 小于或等于 10mm。
地毯被砂轮机砂轮初磨削之后还可以设有压轮装置将地毯压贴在砂轮机砂轮磨 削面上进一步磨削， 使背胶完全成粉状， 压轮装置的滚筒和砂轮的磨削面距离大于 或等于 2mm， 小于或等于 10mm， 当磨削到 PP编织带层后地毯就散掉了， 说明背 胶已经完全磨掉。
经过上述方法后， 地毯上的背胶 CaC03和 SBR的混合物就可以完全和可回收 的地毯纤维脱离。
本发明的专用于上述脱去地毯背胶方法且满足该方法要求的设备实施例结构如 图 1至图 3所示：
在一机架 26上设有砂轮机、 喂料装置 2及压轮装置 3， 喂料装置结构包括： 在 一框架支撑座 4中设有旋转轴平行且相互贴合的主动和从动两个滚筒 5、 6， 当然， 两个滚筒的旋转轴平行也平行于砂轮机砂轮轴， 主动 5和从动滚筒 6之间通过齿轮 传动副 19传递动力， 两者转向相对， 图中未画出主动滚筒的驱动电机及减速器。
砂轮的转向为顺时针转动， 不能反向转动， 不然砂轮会脱落； 主动滚筒 5固定 在机架上且贴近砂轮机砂轮 1，主动滚筒 5和砂轮 1的磨削面距离大于或等于 2mm， 小于或等于 10mm。
本例的从动滚筒 6通过现有技术的 T型轴承 7滑动支撑在支撑座 4的导轨上， T型轴承 7上设有滑杆 8,滑杆 8中间装有压縮弹簧 9，滑杆 8端部穿出框架支撑座 的导向孔并可在导向孔中滑动， 压缩弹簧 9将从动滚筒 6推压向主动滚筒 5， 如此 两个滚筒将地毯 24夹紧送向砂轮机砂轮 1。
在主动滚筒的驱动电机上装有到顺开关， 可以方便地毯原料的进退。
支撑座 4可通过长形安装孔来固定在机架上， 这样支撑座 4可以调节与砂轮机 的位置， 保证主动滚筒 5和砂轮 1的磨削面的距离满足要求。
地毯被砂轮机砂轮磨削之后还设有带滚筒的压轮装置将地毯压贴在砂轮机砂轮 磨削面上， 本例的压轮装置为： 在一框架支撑座 4中设有旋转轴平行于砂轮机砂轮 轴的压轮滚筒 25， 其贴近砂轮机砂轮 1， 同样通过现有技术的 T型轴承滑动支撑在 支撑座 4的导轨上， T型轴承上设有螺杆 10， 螺杆中间装有压縮弹簧 9， 螺杆 10端 部穿出框架支撑座.并拧有螺母 11 ; 压轮装置滚筒由主动滚筒 4通过链轮 13链条 14 带转。
压缩弹簧将压轮滚筒推向砂轮机砂轮， 螺杆 10端部的螺母 11能使压轮滚筒与 砂轮机砂轮之间保持一定的间距及调节。
喂料装置后设有送料导板 12，方便将地毯倒放在上面推入喂料机构，防止意外； 砂轮 1上安装有防护罩 15，防护罩顶端开有除尘口 16，用来排除磨削过程中产生的 粉尘； 砂轮下面装有一料斗 17, 主要用来收集磨削后的地毯纤维和起防护的作用， 料斗 17下面安装有输送带 18。 该输送带由单独的电机和减速箱驱动， 图中未画出 输送带的驱动机构。
在输送带 18的出口上还压有一个滚筒， 因为机架 26的周围都安装有防护罩， 这样可以确保机器的安全和密闭， 同时保证磨削后的地毯能有效的输送出来。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种脱去地毯背胶的方法， 步骤如下-
1 )将分类好的地毯去掉底层 PP网底 （22);
2)将去掉 PP网底的地毯通过由一组对压滚筒组成的主动喂料装置（2)将粘 有背胶（23) 的一面喂给砂轮机砂轮（1 )磨削背胶（23)成粉状。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的脱去地毯背胶的方法， 其特征在于： 所述的喂料装置 (2)的一组对压滚筒分别为主动和从动滚筒（5、 6)， 主动滚筒（5)和砂轮（1 ) 的 磨削面距离大于或等于 2mm， 小于或等于 10mm。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的脱去地毯背胶的方法， 其特征在于： 还设有带滚筒的 压轮装置（3 )将初磨削后的地毯压贴在砂轮机砂轮（1 )磨削面上进一步的磨削； 压 轮装置（3 )的滚筒（25)和砂轮的磨削面距离大于或等于 2mm， 小于或等于 10mm。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的脱去地毯背胶的方法， 其特征在于： 所述的砂轮机砂 轮（1 )磨削速度与地毯主动喂料速度之差大于或等于 500米 /分钟， 小于或等于 2500 米 /分钟。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的脱去地毯背胶的方法， 其特征在于： 所述的砂轮机砂 轮（1 )选用碳化硅材质， 带有气孔， 转速大于或等于 500转 /分钟， 小于或等于 2500 转 /分钟， 砂轮（1 ) 的外直径大于或等于 200mm， 小于或等于 600mm。
6、 一种专用于权利要求 1至 5所述的脱去地毯背胶的方法的设备， 其特征是： 在机架（26)上设有砂轮机、 喂料装置（2)及压轮装置 （3)， 所述的喂料装置（2) 包括：在一框架支撑座（4)中设有旋转轴平行且相互贴合的主动和从动两个滚筒（5、 6)， 主动滚筒（5 ) 固定且贴近砂轮机砂轮（1 )， 从动滚筒（6)通过轴承滑动支撑在 支撑座的导轨上并设有弹簧压紧机构将从动滚筒（6)推向主动滚筒（5); 所述的压 轮装置（3 )为： 在一框架支撑座（4)中设有旋转轴平行于砂轮机砂轮轴的压轮装置 滚筒（25)， 贴近砂轮机砂轮（1 )的压轮装置滚筒（25)通过轴承滑动支撑在支撑座
(4) 的导轨上并设有弹簧压紧限位机构将压轮装置滚筒（25)推向砂轮机砂轮（1 ) 至一定的间距。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的设备， 其特征在于： 所述的喂料装置（2)后设有送料 导板（12); 所述的压轮装置滚筒（25) 由主动滚筒（5)通过链轮或皮带轮（13 )带 转； 所述的砂轮（1 ) 上安装有防护罩 （15), 防护罩（15) 顶端开有除尘口 （16); 所述的砂轮（1 )下面装有一料斗 （17)， 料斗 （17)下面安装有输送带（18)。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的设备， 其特征在于： 所述的从动滚筒（6)轴承为现有 技术的 T型轴承（7)， 所述的弹簧压紧机构机构为： T型轴承上设有滑杆（8)， 滑杆
(8) 中间装有压缩弹簧（9), 滑杆（8)端部穿出框架支撑座 （4) 的导向孔。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的设备， 其特征在于： 所述的压轮装置滚筒（25) 的轴 承为现有技术的 T型轴承（7)， 所述的弹簧压紧机构限位机构为： T型轴承（7)上 设有螺杆（10)， 螺杆（10) 中间装有压缩弹簧（9)， 螺杆（10)端部穿出框架支撑 座（4) 并拧有螺母（11 )。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的设备， 其特征在于： 所述的主动和从动滚筒（5、 6) 之间通过齿轮副传动动力。
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