WO2010053164A1 - Pile à combustible - Google Patents

Pile à combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010053164A1
WO2010053164A1 PCT/JP2009/069010 JP2009069010W WO2010053164A1 WO 2010053164 A1 WO2010053164 A1 WO 2010053164A1 JP 2009069010 W JP2009069010 W JP 2009069010W WO 2010053164 A1 WO2010053164 A1 WO 2010053164A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas diffusion
diffusion layer
fuel cell
layer
catalyst
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2009/069010
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
小林亨
高木靖雄
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ジャパンゴアテックス株式会社
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of WO2010053164A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010053164A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1009—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/40—Combination of fuel cells with other energy production systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the basic principle is to synthesize water by a chemical reaction through a polymer electrolyte membrane and to electrically extract the reaction energy generated thereby.
  • the liquid fuel supply type fuel cell which can directly oxidize the liquid fuel at room temperature without being reformed to hydrogen and take out the electrical energy, does not need a reformer, so the power supply is downsized. In particular, it is most expected as a power source for portable electronic devices.
  • a fuel cell that directly supplies liquid fuel such as methanol by performing discharge, the fuel is oxidized on the negative electrode side to generate carbon dioxide, and the oxidant such as oxygen is reduced on the positive electrode side. A reaction for generating water occurs, and these products are discharged to the outside from the discharge port of the fuel cell.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell capable of suppressing the discharge of harmful substances while reducing the above-mentioned problems.
  • a fuel cell comprising a negative electrode for oxidizing fuel, a positive electrode for reducing oxygen, and an electrolyte membrane disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode, the positive electrode being in contact with the electrolyte membrane
  • a fuel cell comprising an oxidation catalyst that promotes combustion of unburned or incompletely burned products of the fuel.
  • the additional layer containing the oxidation catalyst is formed by impregnating or coating the gas diffusion layer with the ink or paste containing the oxidation catalyst and a binder
  • the oxidation catalyst is contained in the gas diffusion layer by impregnating the entire gas diffusion layer with an ink or paste containing the oxidation catalyst and a nonionic conductive binder.
  • the fuel cell (4) The fuel cell according to (1), wherein the oxidation catalyst is adsorbed inside the gas diffusion layer, so that the oxidation catalyst is contained in the gas diffusion layer; (5)
  • the oxidation catalyst includes at least one noble metal selected from the group consisting of gold, silver, platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium and osmium or an alloy containing the noble metal.
  • the fuel cell according to any one of (6) The fuel cell according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the fuel is at least one liquid fuel selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, dimethyl ether and formic acid; (7) The fuel cell according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the incomplete combustion product is a compound selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde, formic acid, methyl formate, and carbon monoxide; (8) The fuel cell according to any one of (1) to (7), comprising a microporous layer between the catalyst layer and the gas diffusion layer; (9) The fuel cell according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the electrolyte membrane is a polymer electrolyte membrane; (10) A gas diffusion layer used for a positive electrode of a fuel cell, wherein the gas diffusion layer is impregnated with an ink or paste containing an oxidation catalyst and a binder that promotes combustion of unburned or incompletely burned products of the fuel.
  • a gas diffusion layer carrying an additional layer formed by coating (11) A gas diffusion layer used for a positive electrode of a fuel cell, which gas diffuses an ink or paste containing an oxidation catalyst that promotes combustion of unburned or incompletely burned products of the fuel and a nonionic conductive binder A gas diffusion layer obtained by impregnating or coating the entire layer; and (12) a gas diffusion layer used for the positive electrode of a fuel cell, which promotes combustion of unburned or incompletely burned products of the fuel.
  • a gas diffusion layer obtained by adsorbing an oxidizing catalyst to be adsorbed inside the gas diffusion layer is provided.
  • the gas diffusion layer or the additional layer disposed outside the gas diffusion layer, contains an oxidation catalyst that promotes combustion of the unburned product or incomplete combustion product of the fuel. Emission can be suppressed by efficiently burning. Further, the fuel cell according to the present invention does not hinder the flow of air necessary for its operation, and further does not require an external device, so that miniaturization is not hindered.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing a five-layer structure type fuel cell which is an embodiment of a conventional fuel cell.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing a fuel cell according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing the fuel cell manufactured in Comparative Example 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing the fuel cell manufactured in Example 1.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing the fuel cell manufactured in Example 2.
  • FIG. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a system for analyzing exhaust gas during fuel cell operation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing a five-layer structure type fuel cell which is an embodiment of a conventional fuel cell.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing a fuel cell
  • a fuel cell according to the present invention is a fuel cell comprising a negative electrode that oxidizes fuel, a positive electrode that reduces oxygen, and an electrolyte membrane disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode.
  • a catalyst layer in contact with the electrolyte membrane; and a gas diffusion layer disposed on the opposite side of the catalyst layer from the electrolyte, the gas diffusion layer or the gas diffusion layer disposed on the opposite side of the catalyst layer.
  • the additional layer contains an oxidation catalyst that promotes combustion of unburned or incompletely burned products of the fuel.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded perspective view of a five-layer structure type fuel cell which is an embodiment of a conventional fuel cell.
  • a negative electrode including a catalyst layer and a gas diffusion layer, a positive electrode including another catalyst layer and a gas diffusion layer, and a negative electrode and a positive electrode are disposed between two separators.
  • An electrolyte membrane is disposed.
  • the fuel cell of a type that directly supplies liquid fuel such as methanol
  • the fuel is oxidized on the negative electrode side to generate carbon dioxide, and oxygen or the like is generated on the positive electrode side.
  • a reaction occurs in which the oxidant is reduced to produce water.
  • the difference from the conventional fuel cell of the five-layer structure type shown in FIG. 1 is that an additional layer is disposed between the positive electrode separator and the gas diffusion layer.
  • This additional layer includes an oxidation catalyst that promotes combustion of unburned or incompletely burned products of the fuel. Therefore, unreacted fuel and incomplete combustion products resulting from the crossover phenomenon pass through the additional layer before entering the separator flow path, and at that time, are oxidized by the action of the oxidation catalyst to become water and carbon dioxide. Therefore, discharge of harmful substances from the discharge port of the fuel cell is suppressed.
  • the additional layer according to the present invention can be formed by impregnating or applying an ink or paste containing an oxidation catalyst in a binder to one side of the gas diffusion layer.
  • an ion exchange resin represented by Nafion manufactured by Nafion (registered trademark) DuPont) can be used.
  • the thickness of the additional layer is generally 1 to 300 ⁇ m, preferably 10 to 200 ⁇ m, and more preferably 30 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the gas diffusion layer and the additional layer are shown separately for easy understanding of the concept.
  • the impregnated or applied ink or paste partially penetrates into the gas diffusion layer.
  • the entire oxidation catalyst-containing region including the portion is regarded as an additional layer.
  • FIG. 1 A schematic exploded perspective view of a fuel cell according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
  • the difference from the five-layer structure type conventional fuel cell shown in FIG. 1 is that the gas diffusion layer on the positive electrode side contains an oxidation catalyst that promotes combustion of unburned or incompletely burned products of fuel. It is. Therefore, unreacted fuel and incomplete combustion products resulting from the crossover phenomenon pass through the gas diffusion layer before entering the separator flow path, and at that time, they are oxidized by the action of the oxidation catalyst to be converted into water and carbon dioxide. Therefore, discharge of harmful substances from the outlet of the fuel cell is suppressed.
  • the gas diffusion layer containing the oxidation catalyst according to the present invention can be formed by impregnating the entire gas diffusion layer with an ink or paste containing the oxidation catalyst in a nonionic conductive binder.
  • a non-ion conductive binder in order to break the ion conductivity with the catalyst layer of the positive electrode.
  • a nonionic conductive binder polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), or the like can be used.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • PVA polyvinyl alcohol
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • the gas diffusion layer containing the oxidation catalyst according to the present invention can also be formed by adsorbing the oxidation catalyst inside the gas diffusion layer.
  • At least one noble metal selected from the group consisting of gold, silver, platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium, and osmium or an alloy containing the noble metal can be preferably used.
  • a person skilled in the art can select a suitable oxidation catalyst according to the type of harmful substance to be combusted.
  • the content of the oxidation catalyst is generally in the range of 0.01 to 5 mg / cm 2 , preferably in the range of 0.3 to 1.5 mg / cm 2 , regardless of whether in the additional layer or in the gas diffusion layer. .
  • the electrolyte membrane in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has high proton (H + ) conductivity, electronic insulation, and gas impermeability, and is a known polymer electrolyte membrane. I just need it.
  • a typical example is a resin having a fluorine-containing polymer as a skeleton and a group such as a sulfonic acid group, a carboxyl group, a phosphoric acid group, or a phosphonic group. Since the thickness of the polymer electrolyte membrane has a great influence on the resistance, a thinner one is required as long as the electronic insulation and gas impermeability are not impaired. Specifically, the thickness is 1 to 200 ⁇ m, preferably 5 to It is set within the range of 140 ⁇ m.
  • the material of the polymer electrolyte membrane in the present invention is not limited to a perfluorinated polymer compound, but a mixture of a hydrocarbon polymer compound or an inorganic polymer compound, or a C—H bond and C in a polymer chain. It may be a partially fluorinated polymer compound containing both -F bonds.
  • hydrocarbon polymer electrolytes include polyamides, polyacetals, polyethylenes, polypropylenes, acrylic resins, polyesters, polysulfones, polyethers, etc., and derivatives thereof (aliphatic carbonization) into which electrolyte groups such as sulfonic acid groups have been introduced.
  • Hydrogen-based polymer electrolytes polystyrene having electrolyte groups such as sulfonic acid groups introduced therein, polyamides having aromatic rings, polyamideimides, polyimides, polyesters, polysulfones, polyetherimides, polyethersulfones, polycarbonates, and derivatives thereof (Partial aromatic hydrocarbon polymer electrolyte), polyetheretherketone, polyetherketone, polyethersulfone, polycarbonate, polyamide, polyamideimide, polyester into which electrolyte groups such as sulfonic acid groups are introduced Polyphenylene sulfide and the like, and derivatives thereof (fully aromatic hydrocarbon-based polymer electrolyte), and the like.
  • the partially fluorinated polymer electrolyte include polystyrene-graft-ethylenetetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polystyrene-graft-polytetrafluoroethylene, etc., into which an electrolyte group such as a sulfonic acid group has been introduced, and derivatives thereof.
  • an electrolyte group such as a sulfonic acid group has been introduced, and derivatives thereof.
  • the perfluorinated polymer electrolyte membrane include Nafion (registered trademark) membrane (manufactured by DuPont) and Aciplex (registered trademark) membrane (manufactured by Asahi Kasei), which are perfluoropolymers having a sulfonic acid group in the side chain.
  • the inorganic polymer compound a siloxane-based or silane-based, particularly alkylsiloxane-based organosilicon polymer compound is suitable, and specific examples include polydimethylsiloxane, ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and the like. It is done.
  • the negative electrode and the positive electrode according to the present invention generally include a gas diffusion layer and a catalyst layer in contact with the electrolyte membrane.
  • the catalyst layer is not particularly limited as long as it contains catalyst particles and an ion exchange resin, and conventionally known ones can be used.
  • the catalyst is usually made of a conductive material carrying catalyst particles.
  • the catalyst particles may be any catalyst particles that have a catalytic action in the oxidation reaction of hydrogen or the reduction reaction of oxygen.
  • platinum (Pt) and other noble metals iron, chromium, nickel, and alloys thereof may be used. it can.
  • the conductive material carbon-based particles such as carbon black, activated carbon, graphite and the like are suitable, and fine powder particles are particularly preferably used.
  • carbon black particles having a surface area of 20 m 2 / g or more carry noble metal particles such as Pt particles or alloy particles of Pt and other metals.
  • Pt is vulnerable to carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning.
  • the ion exchange resin in the catalyst layer is a material that supports the catalyst and serves as a binder for forming the catalyst layer, and has a role of forming a passage for ions and the like generated by the catalyst to move. As such an ion exchange resin, the thing similar to what was previously demonstrated in relation to the polymer electrolyte membrane can be used.
  • the thickness of the catalyst layer may generally be in the range of 1 to 500 ⁇ m, but it is particularly preferable that the thickness of the catalyst layer is in the range of 50 to 300 ⁇ m, and that of the positive electrode is in the range of 10 to 150 ⁇ m.
  • the gas diffusion layer in which an additional layer is arranged according to the invention and / or contains an oxidation catalyst is generally a sheet material having electrical conductivity and breathability. Representative examples include those obtained by subjecting a breathable conductive base material such as carbon paper, carbon woven fabric, carbon nonwoven fabric, carbon felt or the like to a water repellent treatment. A porous sheet obtained from carbon-based particles and fluorine-based resin can also be used.
  • the fuel cell according to the present invention can supply liquid fuel to the negative electrode side.
  • the liquid fuel include methanol aqueous solution, ethanol aqueous solution, 1-propanol aqueous solution, 2-propanol aqueous solution, dimethyl ether aqueous solution, sodium borohydride aqueous solution, potassium borohydride aqueous solution, lithium borohydride aqueous solution, formic acid aqueous solution and the like.
  • the solute concentration in these aqueous solutions is generally in the range of 2 to 90% by mass, preferably 20 to 80% by mass, and more preferably 50 to 70% by mass. If the solute concentration is less than 2% by mass, the energy density of the fuel cell is lowered.
  • MPL Micro porous layer: MPL
  • carbon black manufactured by Denki Kagaku, Denka Black
  • PTFE dispersion manufactured by Daikin, D1E, PTFE content 60 mass%
  • the mixed ink was sprayed onto the surface of the microporous layer to deposit a catalyst layer, thereby forming a negative electrode catalyst layer having a catalyst noble metal amount of 3 mg / cm 2 .
  • Cathode layer 5 g of a carbon-supported platinum catalyst (manufactured by Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Co., Ltd., TEC10E10: platinum-supported amount of 50% by mass) is mixed with the perfluorosulfonic acid electrolyte solution so that the mass ratio of the catalyst carbon to the electrolyte is 1.0.
  • TEC10E10 platinum-supported amount of 50% by mass
  • the mixed ink was sprayed onto the surface of the microporous layer to deposit a catalyst layer, thereby forming a positive electrode catalyst layer having a catalyst noble metal amount of 1.3 mg / cm 2 .
  • MEA Membrane electrode assembly
  • An ion exchange membrane Nafion 117 (registered trademark) (manufactured by DuPont) having a size of 5 ⁇ 5 cm and a thickness of 175 ⁇ m is prepared as a polymer electrolyte membrane.
  • the negative electrode catalyst layer is provided on one side, and the positive electrode catalyst layer is provided on the opposite side.
  • the membrane electrode assembly was formed by laminating and laminating by applying hot pressure (130 ° C., 1 MPa, 5 minutes) with a hot press.
  • Example 1 Fabrication of Fuel Cell According to the Present Invention As shown in FIG. 5, the present invention was performed in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that an additional layer was disposed on the opposite side of the positive electrode gas diffusion layer from the microporous layer. A fuel cell according to the invention was made.
  • Example 1 and Example 2 were impregnated from the side opposite to the microporous layer of the gas diffusion layer by a knife coating method so that the amount of platinum supported was 1 mg / cm 2 .
  • a system as shown in the experimental diagram of FIG. It was constructed. The upper surface of the separator on the positive electrode side of the fuel cell was sealed, an exhaust port was provided through an adapter, a pump was connected, and the exhaust amount was controlled with a flow meter (mass flow controller).
  • a drain pod is provided on the outlet side to collect condensed water and exhausted by an air pump through a flow meter.
  • the adapter at the top of the separator was removed, and a load curve during natural convection in which air was not sucked with an air pump was created.
  • the adapter was then attached and the air pump was varied to determine the air flow rate when the same load curve as the reference was obtained.
  • the following analysis was performed according to the determined air flow rate.
  • the fuel cells of Comparative Example 1, Example 1 and Example 2 were operated at the set current value at a cell temperature of 40 ° C. or 65 ° C. by supplying 1-10 mass% methanol aqueous solution to the negative electrode.
  • Example 8 shows a graph in which the measured unburned methanol concentration is plotted against the supplied aqueous methanol solution concentration for the fuel cells of Comparative Example 1 and Example 1.
  • “ACGIH recommended working environment standard value (200 ppm)” is an allowable methanol exposure set by the American Industrial Hygiene of Industrial Industrial Hygienist (ACGIH).
  • Comparative Example 1 having no additional layer is at the environmental standard value level even when the concentration of the supplied aqueous methanol solution is a low concentration of 1% by mass.
  • Example 1 having an additional layer was significantly lower than the environmental standard value and significantly suppressed emission of harmful substances from the fuel cell.
  • Example 9 shows a graph in which the measured formaldehyde (incomplete combustion product) concentration is plotted against the supplied aqueous methanol solution concentration for the fuel cells of Comparative Example 1 and Example 1.
  • the formaldehyde concentration increased from around the methanol concentration exceeding 5% by mass, but in Example 1 having an additional layer, the formaldehyde concentration hardly increased even when the methanol concentration exceeded 5% by mass. .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Inert Electrodes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une pile à combustible pouvant supprimer la décharge de matériaux nocifs. La pile à combustible comprend : une électrode négative oxydant un combustible; une électrode positive qui réduit l'oxygène; et un film d'électrolyte disposé entre l'électrode négative et l'électrode positive. L'électrode positive comprend : une couche de catalyseur en contact avec le film d'électrolyte; et une couche de diffusion de gaz disposée sur le côté de la couche de catalyseur opposé au film d'électrolyte. La couche de diffusion de gaz ou une couche supplémentaire disposée sur le côté de la couche de diffusion de gaz opposé à la couche de catalyseur contient un catalyseur d'oxydation pour favoriser la combustion du combustible qui n'a pas été brûlé ou n'a pas brûlé totalement.
PCT/JP2009/069010 2008-11-04 2009-10-30 Pile à combustible WO2010053164A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2008283323A JP2010113841A (ja) 2008-11-04 2008-11-04 燃料電池
JP2008-283323 2008-11-04

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WO2010053164A1 true WO2010053164A1 (fr) 2010-05-14

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5763982B2 (ja) * 2011-06-16 2015-08-12 本田技研工業株式会社 燃料電池

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003520413A (ja) * 2000-01-18 2003-07-02 ラモツト・アット・テル−アビブ・ユニバーシテイ・リミテッド 新規な燃料
JP2007059278A (ja) * 2005-08-25 2007-03-08 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池停止方法
JP2007194004A (ja) * 2006-01-18 2007-08-02 Asahi Glass Co Ltd 固体高分子形燃料電池用ガス拡散層の製造方法および膜電極接合体
JP2008016344A (ja) * 2006-07-06 2008-01-24 Tdk Corp 直接アルコール型燃料電池
JP2008091101A (ja) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-17 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 燃料電池及び燃料電池発電システム
JP2008210581A (ja) * 2007-02-23 2008-09-11 Toshiba Corp 燃料電池

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003520413A (ja) * 2000-01-18 2003-07-02 ラモツト・アット・テル−アビブ・ユニバーシテイ・リミテッド 新規な燃料
JP2007059278A (ja) * 2005-08-25 2007-03-08 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池停止方法
JP2007194004A (ja) * 2006-01-18 2007-08-02 Asahi Glass Co Ltd 固体高分子形燃料電池用ガス拡散層の製造方法および膜電極接合体
JP2008016344A (ja) * 2006-07-06 2008-01-24 Tdk Corp 直接アルコール型燃料電池
JP2008091101A (ja) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-17 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 燃料電池及び燃料電池発電システム
JP2008210581A (ja) * 2007-02-23 2008-09-11 Toshiba Corp 燃料電池

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