WO2010051622A1 - A primary treatment unit and system for maximising the amount of methane-containing biogas collected from sewage - Google Patents
A primary treatment unit and system for maximising the amount of methane-containing biogas collected from sewage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010051622A1 WO2010051622A1 PCT/CA2009/001542 CA2009001542W WO2010051622A1 WO 2010051622 A1 WO2010051622 A1 WO 2010051622A1 CA 2009001542 W CA2009001542 W CA 2009001542W WO 2010051622 A1 WO2010051622 A1 WO 2010051622A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sewage
- methane
- biogas
- digestion
- treatment unit
- Prior art date
Links
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 277
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000011221 initial treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 30
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 18
- 229920002578 polythiourethane polymer Polymers 0.000 description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- -1 siloxanes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 244000261422 Lysimachia clethroides Species 0.000 description 4
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid anhydride Natural products CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- WDECIBYCCFPHNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chrysene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC3=C21 WDECIBYCCFPHNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- LKDRXBCSQODPBY-VRPWFDPXSA-N D-fructopyranose Chemical compound OCC1(O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O LKDRXBCSQODPBY-VRPWFDPXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003197 gene knockdown Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001450 methanotrophic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003956 methylamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006385 ozonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/02—Settling tanks with single outlets for the separated liquid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/20—Sludge processing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates in general to the field of sewage methane-containing biogas collection and in particular to a primary treatment unit and a system for maximising the amount of methane-containing biogas collected from sewage.
- Digestion of sewage resulting in the generation of biogas occurs as naturally occurring micro-organisms break down and digest the sewage.
- the end products of organic waste degradation are primarily CO 2 and H 2 O.
- the intermediate end products of the waste degradation are primarily alcohols, aldehydes, organic acids and CO 2 .
- methanogens these intermediates are converted to the final end products of CH 4 and CO 2 with trace levels of H 2 S.
- methanogenesis The formation of methane by methanogens is called methanogenesis.
- Methanogens have also been shown to use carbon from other organic compounds such as formic acid, methanol, methylamines, dimethyl sulfide, and methanethiol.
- methane-containing biogas is going to be used for commercial or industrial applications it may require further treatment with scrubbing and cleaning equipment (such as amine gas treatment) to bring the H 2 S levels within acceptable levels and to reduce the quantity of siloxanes.
- Methane-containing biogas obtained from the process WiPU can be used for a variety of applications including electricity production and chemical synthesis of compounds including methanol, etc.
- sewage Over time, sewage generally settles into three substantially distinguishable layers 1) the bottom sludge layer that contains materials that have a higher specific gravity than water, are denser than water and are derived from much of the solid sewage; 2) the middle layer comprises liquid and suspended solids, these solids are typically very small organic materials that continue to be degraded while in the liquid layer; and 3) the scum layer, substantially composed of materials that have a lower specific gravity than water, such as grease, oil, and fats.
- Each layer defines a unique microenvironment with different characteristics that support a distinct consortium of microorganisms.
- methane-containing biogas production occurs as a result of anaerobic digestion.
- the biogas percolates out of the sludge layer, then through the middle liquid layer and then transits through the scum layer to collect in the headspace of the septic tank or clarifier.
- methane-oxidizing bacteria methanotrophs
- methanotrophs populations of methane- oxidizing bacteria
- Prior systems for biogas generation were not designed to maximize the capture or collection of methane-containing biogases resulting from the sludge breakdown and/or to prevent the interaction between methane-containing biogas and methanotrophs in the scum layer.
- the invention provides a system for maximising the amount of methane-containing biogas collected from sewage comprising: 1) a primary treatment unit (PTU) that facilitates the segregation of the methane-consuming scum layer from both the methane- MBM File No. 13HH-145PCT producing sludge layer and point(s) of methane collection and 2) a methane-containing biogas capture or collection subsystem.
- PTU primary treatment unit
- system further comprises processes for enhancing methane generation operatively associated with the PTU and/or a methane-containing biogas transport subsystem.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a primary treatment unit (PTU) and system for maximising the amount of methane-containing biogas collected from sewage.
- a primary treatment unit adapted for the collection of methane-containing biogas, the primary treatment unit comprising a sewage settling region and a sludge digestion region, wherein the sewage settling region is adapted to receive the sewage and output liquid effluent and a digestion region adapted to receive solid components of the sewage from the settling region and output methane-containing biogas substantially generated in the digestion region, wherein the methane-containing biogas output does not come into substantial contact with sewage scum.
- a primary treatment unit adapted for the collection of methane-containing biogas wherein the primary treatment unit is configured to separate sewage settling and sludge digestion into a settling region and a digestion region respectively and output methane-containing biogas substantially generated in the digestion region, wherein the methane-containing biogas output does not come into substantial contact with sewage scum.
- a system for collection of methane-containing biogas comprising a primary treatment unit configured to separate sewage into a scum layer, liquid layer and a sludge layer, the primary treatment unit comprising a settling compartment adapted to receive the sewage and output liquid effluent and a digestion compartment adapted to receive solid components of the sewage from the settling compartment, the settling compartment having a first headspace configured to vent the tank and downstream conduits to atmospheric air to prevent hydraulic locks and to collect biogas substantially generated in the settling 14 ⁇ PC 1 compartment and the digestion compartment having a second headspace, substantially separate from the first headspace, the second headspace configured to collect methane- containing biogas substantially generated in the digestion compartment; wherein the scum layer is substantially retained in the settling compartment and the sludge layer is substantially retained in the digestion compartment; and a biogas collection system operatively connected to the second headspace.
- the headspaces may be separated by hydraulic seals.
- a primary treatment unit adapted for the collection of methane-containing biogas, the primary treatment unit being configured to separate sewage into a scum layer, liquid layer and a sludge layer, the primary treatment unit comprising a settling compartment adapted to receive the sewage and output liquid effluent and a digestion compartment adapted to receive solid components of the sewage from the settling compartment, the settling compartment having a first headspace configured to vent to atmosphere and to collect biogas substantially generated in the settling compartment and the digestion compartment having a second headspace, substantially separate from the first headspace, the second headspace configured to collect and output methane-containing biogas substantially generated in the digestion compartment.
- Figure l(a) shows a section view of one embodiment of the two chamber PTU having a side-by-side configuration and detailing settling chamber with sewage inlet and liquid effluent outlet and digestion chamber with biogas outlet.
- the dividing internal wall between the settling and digestion chamber separates the settling and digestion chamber headspaces and prevents scum from entering the digestion chamber.
- Figure l(b) shows a plan view of the embodiment of the two chamber PTU shown in Figure l(a) MBM File No. 13HH-145PCT
- Figure 2 is a three-dimensional illustration of primary treatment unit of a two chamber PTU having one inlet tee offset from the center of the tank with pictorial representation of the precipitation of solid material into the digestion chamber.
- Figures 3 (a) to (e) shows various views of one embodiment of a nested two-chamber primary treatment unit detailing the settling chamber with sewage inlet and liquid effluent outlet and digestion chamber with biogas collection pipes.
- the dividing internal walls between the settling and digestion chamber prevents scum from entering the digestion chamber and separates the headspaces.
- Figure 3(a) is a cross sectional view inlet end.
- Figure 3(b) shows the longitudinal profile.
- Figure 3(c) is a cross sectional view outlet end.
- Figure 3(d) shows plan view.
- Figure 3(e) shows a section view.
- Figures 4(a) to (d) shows one embodiment of a circular nested two-chamber primary treatment unit detailing the settling chamber with sewage inlet and liquid effluent outlet and centrally-located digestion chamber with biogas collection pipes and separate headspace.
- the dividing internal wall between the settling and digestion chamber prevents scum from entering the digestion chamber.
- Figure 5(a) illustrates a sectional view of one embodiment of a primary treatment unit detailing the settling chamber with sewage inlet and liquid effluent outlet and centrally- located digestion chamber with separate headspace and biogas collection output.
- the dividing internal walls between the settling and digestion chamber form an inverted cone or elongated V structure that prevents scum from entering the digestion chamber and provides for a separate headspace.
- Figure 5(b) is an elevation view of the primary treatment unit shown in Figure 5(a) detailing the sewage inlet and liquid effluent outlet.
- Figure 5(c) is a three-dimensional illustration of primary treatment unit of Figures 5(a) and 5(b) with a pictorial representation of the precipitation of solid material into the digestion chamber.
- Figure 6 shows various views of one embodiment of a side-by-side two-chamber primary treatment unit detailing the settling chamber with sewage inlet and liquid effluent outlet WiPU and digestion chamber with biogas collection pipes.
- the dividing internal wall between the settling and digestion chamber prevents scum from entering the digestion chamber and separates the headspaces.
- Figure 7 shows a cross section and longitudinal profile view of an inlet tee configuration having a 45 degree bend in both the X- and Z- direction to encourage hydraulic mixing in the tank.
- Figure 8 shows one embodiment of the system comprising on-site biogas harnessing for sludge reduction comprising a compact gas compression, flare and heating system which includes a sludge blanket heating system or coil, or other heating methodologies.
- Figure 9 shows one embodiment of the system comprising an on-site electrolysis system.
- Figure 1OA shows one embodiment of the system comprising a methane mitigation means comprising a soil vent attached to the biogas collection pipe via a gooseneck pipe to convert methane into carbon dioxide, or other mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from the bio j g&a"s.
- a methane mitigation means comprising a soil vent attached to the biogas collection pipe via a gooseneck pipe to convert methane into carbon dioxide, or other mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from the bio j g&a"s.
- Figure 1OB shows one embodiment of the system comprising an alternative methane mitigation means.
- Figure 1 1 shows one embodiment of the biogas capture and/or collection system where the gas utilization center is centrally located and shared by multiple biogas generating chambers.
- Figures 12(a) and (b) shows one embodiment of the system submerged underground in the front yard of a home.
- the tank lid is at grade and is made from black metal or another high emissivity material to capture solar energy as heat.
- the connections of the pipe are thermally fused (as opposed to using jointed pipe couplings which can degrade and leak) and there is a condensation trap between the biogas collection pipe and the SBS system so that moisture in the biogas lines does not need to be manually removed.
- WiPU WiPU
- Figure 13 shows one embodiment of the biogas capture and/or collection system where the gas utilization center is centrally located and shared by multiple biogas generating chambers. The figure details the collection hubs, condensation traps and the methane return main.
- Figure 14 shows the details of a condensation trap installed in relation to the small bore gravity sewer system alignment.
- the term 'about' refers to a +/-10% variation from the nominal value. It is to be understood that such a variation is always included in any given value provided herein, whether or not it is specifically referred to.
- liquid effluent and “liquid layer” are used to define substantially liquid portions of the sewage.
- sludge is used to define substantially solid portions of the sewage.
- the term "scum" is used to describe the layer which is substantially composed of materials that have a lower specific gravity than water.
- the invention provides a primary treatment unit (PTU) and a system for maximising the amount of methane-containing biogas collected from sewage.
- the primary treatment unit (PTU) is configured to substantially segregate the methane-producing sludge layer and point(s) of methane-containing biogas collection from the methane-consuming scum layer.
- the system comprises the PTU combined with a methane-containing biogas collection/capture subsystem.
- the primary treatment unit is specifically designed to maximise methane collection by facilitating the stratification or separation of the WiPU sewage into sludge, liquid and scum layers and by physically separating the scum layer from the sludge layer and the point(s) of methane containing-biogas collection and optionally by deflecting biogas bubble percolation away from scum layer and sedimentation area.
- the primary treatment unit can further be designed to minimize disruption of the sewage layers by strategically locating the sewage input.
- the sewage input may be localized to promote mixing such as by using an offset inlet confi L g&u*-ration.
- Methane-containing biogas produced within the PTU is collected using the methane- containing biogas collection subsystem which is operatively associated with the PTU.
- the methane capture/collection subsystem uses active means, passive means or some combination thereof to capture and/or collect of the methane containing biogas from the PTUs.
- the system further comprises a methane-containing biogas transport subsystem for delivering the methane-containing biogas to utilization or mitigation centers.
- Motive energy to passively drive biogas to a collection hub or conversion center can be generated by pressure inside a rigid PTU as the biogas generated from sludge increases in volume within the fixed headspace.
- the system further comprises a methane-containing biogas transport subsystem for transporting the collected biogas to a gas utilization or mitigation center, or a hub which collects multiple lines and transfers to a gas utilization or mitigation center.
- the biogas is optionally used at the gas utilization centers for one or more of a variety of applications including but not limited to electricity production, use as fuels and use for chemical synthesis.
- the system further comprises means for enhancing methane generation operatively associated with the PTU.
- Methane generation within the PTU may be enhanced by optimising the environment within the sludge layer for anaerobic digestion.
- Means for enhancing methane generation both increases the quantity of sludge converted to methane and the quality or the percentage of the methane fraction of the biogas.
- methane generation is promoted by retention of at least part of the waste MBM File No. 13HH-145PCT within the PTU for a time period sufficient for release of biogases due to degradation or by using means for promoting anaerobic processing such as heating means or a means for producing in situ hydrogen including for example electrolysis.
- the methane generation is promoted by mixing thereby exposing fresh substrate to mature anaerobes; hydraulic mixing has been shown to be successful in offset inlet embodiments.
- the processes for promoting anaerobic processing are powered by the captured methane-containing biogas.
- the methane-containing biogas is used locally for example to heat the sludge blanket.
- the primary treatment unit facilitates the separation of the sewage into a sludge layer, liquid layer and scum layer.
- the primary treatment unit maximizes methane-containing biogas collection by the substantial segregation of methane production and capture / collection, from the methane consuming scum layer and bubble diffusion pathway of the sewage input.
- Such segregation is facilitated by a primary treatment unit design having distinct settling and digestion regions that substantially separates methane-producing anaerobic digestion of the sewage sludge and methane-containing biogas collection from the sewage input and settling zones.
- the segregation of methane-containing biogas bubble collection may be facilitated by way of deflection and/or redirection into a separate "headspace free" of scum.
- a settling compartment or chamber adapted to receive sewage from at least one source and output liquid effluent.
- a distinct digestion compartment or chamber is provided and adapted to receive solid components of the sewage from the settling compartment or chamber and output methane-containing biogas from a headspace substantially separate from that of the settling compartment or chamber.
- the primary treatment unit in one embodiment therefore provides sufficient physical separation between the digestion chamber headspace and the methane-consuming scum layer to enable the collection of methane and minimize the exposure of methane to methanophiles or methanotrophs.
- the primary treatment unit may further provide for the segregation of oxygen and biogas. 14 ⁇ PC 1
- a primary treatment unit appropriate for methane collection one must address the impact of a process inside the primary treatment unit that may yield substantial quantities of explosive methane.
- Methane gas is explosive when exposed to oxygen below the lower explosive level (LEL) of 4.4% by volume and above the upper explosive level (UEL) of 16% by volume. Accordingly, in one embodiment, the PTU is optionally designed to prevent excessive oxygen from entering into the anaerobic digestion chamber headspace.
- LEL lower explosive level
- UEL upper explosive level
- biogas collection can be in a passive manner.
- the system may further optionally comprise trip valves or other instrumentation as is known in the art to mechanically release pressure.
- the primary treatment unit (PTU) in one embodiment is a closed, leak-proof container that receives sewage from one or more sources of sewage via a sewage input system or through one or more inlet(s) and outputs liquid effluent through an outlet or via an effluent output system.
- the kinetic energy within the flow of sewage is dissipated and the flow is slowed so that the solid components within the inputted sewage separate and settle to form a sludge layer that supports anaerobic digestion. Less dense components of the sewage rise to the surface to form a scum layer that may support methanotrophic bacteria growth.
- the sewage inlet(s) and/or outlet are positioned in the settling compartment or chamber to facilitate the separation of the scum layer from the methane- containing biogas producing layer and the methane-containing biogas collection points in the digestion compartment or chamber.
- the dimensions of the PTU and compartments or chambers therein are determined based on its application of use and requirements thereof. A skilled worker will appreciate that WiPU the dimensions of the PTU are chosen to accommodate the primary sewage collection application for which it is used.
- the PTU is used to receive sewage from a single residence and has a volume range between 3,600-4,500 liters.
- a PTU used to receive sewage from a multi-residence building may have a higher volume.
- the PTU can be constructed in a variety of shapes.
- the physical barriers that form the settling compartment or chamber and digestion compartment or chamber and thereby segregate the scum layer and sewage input from anaerobic digestion and methane- containing biogas collection can be integral to the PTU structure or be configured therein by the introduction of separate and optionally removable, structure(s) or component(s).
- the use of physical barriers effectively forms two or more zones within the PTU each with separate headspaces.
- the PTU comprises two or more compartments in fluid communication wherein the compartments are separated by interior walls.
- the PTU is vertical oriented such that the distance between the sludge layer and the scum layer is increased.
- Figures 1 to 6 show several exemplary PTU designs for use in the methane-containing biogas collection system.
- the PTU ( 1 10) may be a side-by- side design consisting of a settling chamber ( 1 12) and a digestion chamber ( 1 14), each with separate headspaces ( 121 and 122, respectively). Sewage enters the settling chamber through a sewage inlet ( 1 16) and liquid effluent exists the settling chamber via an outlet tee ( 1 18).
- the PTU ( 1 10) may be a two-level design providing vertical separation consisting of a settling chamber ( 1 12) and a digestion chamber ( 1 14), each with separate headspaces ( 121 and 122, respectively). Sewage enters the settling chamber through a sewage inlet and liquid effluent exists the settling chamber via an outlet tee (not shown).
- the sewage inlet is an inlet tee ( 1 17) offset from the center of the tank.
- the inlet tee has a 45 degree bend in both the x- and /-direction to encourage hydraulic mixing in the tank.
- the PTU (210) may be a nested design consisting of a settling chamber (212) and a digestion chamber (214).
- sewage enters the settling chamber through a sewage inlet (216) and liquid effluent exists the settling chamber through a liquid effluent outlet (218).
- Settling or sedimentation of solid components within the sewage occurs in the settling chamber and the sedimented solids slide down the inclined bottom slopes of the settling chamber to opening into the digestion chamber in which the sludge blanket forms.
- the digestion chamber has a V-shaped floor.
- the opening between the two chambers is optionally equipped with deflectors to prevent the flow bubbles back into the settling chamber.
- the biogas outputs are located in the digestion chamber and optionally comprise methane-containing biogas collection pipes (220).
- the two chambers have segregated headspaces which are hydraulically sealed from one another.
- the PTU (310) may be a circular nested design consisting of an outer settling chamber (312) and an inner digestion chamber (314). Sewage enters the settling chamber through a sewage inlet (316) and liquid effluent exists the settling chamber through an outlet (318). Settling or sedimentation of solid components within the sewage occurs in the settling chamber and the sedimented solids slide down the inclined bottom slopes of the settling chamber to openning into the digestion chamber in which the sludge blanket forms. The opening between the two chambers is optionally equipped with deflectors to prevent the flow bubbles back into the upper chamber. The methane-containing biogas outputs are located in the headspace of the digestion chamber. 14 ⁇ PC 1
- the PTU (410) comprises internal walls which form an inverted cone or elongated V structure separating the settling chamber (412) and the digestion chamber (414). Sewage enters the settling chamber through a sewage inlet (416) and liquid effluent exists through outlet (418). Settling or sedimentation of solid components within the sewage occurs in the settling chamber and the sedimented solids slide down the inclined slope of the inverted cone into the digestion chamber in which the sludge blanket forms. Methane-containing biogas exists through outputs (420) in the stem of the inverted cone.
- the PTU (410) may be configured with multiple sewage inlets that are along the side walls and optionally the faces of the tank. Such a configuration of inlets splits the flow without having to use a flow splitter. Such a configuration would provide for multiple connections to sewage sources (i.e. from many homes or businesses/buildings).
- the inlets are equipped with inlets tees bent at 45 degrees in both the x- and /-coordinates so that there is hydraulic mixing through flow introduction in the tank.
- the PTU (510) may be a side-by-side design consisting of a settling chamber (512) and a digestion chamber (514), each with separate headspaces.
- the settling chamber has a slopped floor and an inlet to the digestion chamber promixal or at floor level. Sewage enters the settling chamber through a sewage inlet (516) and liquid effluent exists the settling chamber via an outlet (518). Solid components of the sewage settle in the settling chamber and the sedimented solids slide down the inclined floor into the digestion compartment. Methane-containing biogas exits through output (520) to gas pipeline (521).
- the PTU optionally has one or more interior access points, such as openings and lids on the top to enable access for maintenance, repairs and other purposes that will be readily appreciated by a worker skilled in the art. If sludge pump out is necessary, access can be provided to facilitate pump out.
- interior access points such as openings and lids on the top to enable access for maintenance, repairs and other purposes that will be readily appreciated by a worker skilled in the art. If sludge pump out is necessary, access can be provided to facilitate pump out.
- installation of at least one lid flush with the ground level enables easy access for routine maintenance and sludge removal without disruption WiPU to the surrounding land. Additional elements may be added to the openings to prevent unauthorized or accidental entry into the PTU after installation.
- the lid or top of the PTU may be installed at grade so that it is exposed to the sun's radiation.
- a black metal or other high emissivity material lid or top can capture solar/thermal energy to passively heat the tank thereby encouraging bacteria to convert sludge into methane-containing biogas at a higher rate.
- the PTU can be constructed out of a variety of materials including concrete, plastics including PVC and PE, fiberglass, bricks, gel coat, metal, among other materials known in the art.
- the PTU can be made of concrete, such as high strength, reinforced concrete of at least 35mPa (4,500 psi), but may also use any suitable material such as fiberglass, high density polyethylene (HDPE), or other materials known to a worker skilled in the art that would allow for the desired level of system sealing.
- the PTU is manufactured at least in part from material indigenous to the installation site.
- the tank can be lined with HDPE, rubber, EDPM or other materials insert or bladder to ensure quality control.
- the lid may be lined or painted as well. A sealant may be used to ensure that the insert is sealed to the leak-proof lid.
- the PTU is designed to resist microbial induced corrosions (MlC).
- MlC microbial induced corrosions
- Appropriate measures to limit microbial induced corrosion are well known in the art and include specialized concrete-surface paint and linings for concrete PTUs and additives to concrete mix.
- specialized concrete-surface paint in the PTU headspace is applied to resist the microbial induced corrosion and/or the provision of headspace lining with flexible polyethylene materials including corrosion protection membranes.
- the PTU can be part of a high-performance sewer system (HPSS) such as described in WO2007036027.
- HPSS high-performance sewer system
- the PTU comprises bubble deflectors to knock down entrained suspended solids, keep biogas in the PTU, and prevent gas bubbles from washing out.
- the biogas collection subsystem comprises one or more Biogas Capture and/or Collection Units (BCCU) for use with one or more PTUs operatively associated therewith, for the capture and/or collection of the methane-containing biogas generated therein.
- BCCUs are structured such that they create minimal disruption to the operation of the PTU and are configured so as to remove a substantial portion of the gases generated therein.
- the BCCUs are intended to maximize the capture of methane-containing biogas from the PTU and are therefore placed within or connected to the digestion zoneheadspace of the PTU. This position takes into account two factors: (a) methane containing biogas generation occurs mostly where the sludge is predominantly collected and undergoes degradation; (b) biogas is lighter than air and therefore tends to collect near the top of the PTU.
- the biogas streams collected by one or more BCCUs are combined together, for example, using a system of pipes.
- the BCCUs function as stand-alone units that are harvested on an appropriate periodic basis for the biogas stored therein.
- the BCCUs can use active means, passive means or some combination thereof for the capture and/or collection of the biogas from the PTUs.
- the BCCU is passive and comprises one or more tubular conduits that are operatively linked to the PTUs for capturing the biogas within.
- the BCCU uses an active suction technique with the tubular conduits to extract the biogas from the PTUs or collection hubs.
- the BCCUs are tubular conduits connected to one or more biogas transfer elements (BTE) or collection hubs for transport of the biogas to one WiPU or more gas utilization centers.
- the BCCUs are containers such as canisters removably linked with the PTUs and designed for reversible capture of the biogas generated therein.
- the containers are filled with materials designed for reversible capture of gases of a chosen molecular family.
- the BCCUs are conduits attached to the PTU using attachment assemblies.
- attachment assemblies A worker skilled in the art will understand that the different types of attachment assemblies as are known in the art are intended to be included within the scope of this invention.
- the conduit acting as the BCCU is made of HDPE.
- the flexible nature of HDPE reduces the chances of shearing damage to the pipe.
- HDPE is also non-corrosive to the typical gases extracted from sewage and resistant to biological attack. Sealing means as are known to a worker skilled in the art such as mentioned earlier can be used to seal the connection between the PTU and the BCCUs.
- connection of the BCCUs to the PTU may be made using a sealingly airtight connection.
- Substantial air-tightness of all connections in the sewer system can be tested on site in a manner similar to that of testing the integrity of septic tanks, i.e., a vacuum test, which would be known to a worker skilled in the art.
- the portion of the sewer is sealed, a vacuum is applied and periodic readings with a gauge are used to determine whether the section is losing its vacuum.
- the BCCU is a container such as a canister removably attached to the PTUs and designed for reversible capture of the biogas generated therein.
- the BCCUs are a hybrid combination of conduits and canisters, wherein conduits operatively linked to the PTUs captures the biogas generated therein and transports it to removably attached canisters that reversibly capture the biogas.
- the canisters may be located remote from the PTUs, for example at a centralized facility or site. WiPU
- the canister or its contents therein is dissociated from the PTU and optionally transported to a facility (e.g. the gas utilization center) where the biogas captured is extracted again for further processing, storage and/or utilization.
- a facility e.g. the gas utilization center
- a canister-based biogas collection method is well suited for stand-alone septic systems and holding tanks where the absence of a sewage collection main avoids the need for trenches.
- the biogas is collected in canisters packed with adsorbent materials.
- the biogas comprising primarily of methane, is adsorbed in the pores and on the surfaces of the adsorbent medium.
- Methane molecules preferentially adsorb in pores having a diameter of 1.0-1.5nm.
- the canister is filled with a material that has a high volume of pores less than 1.6nm in width as a percentage of total pore volume are used.
- Activated carbon has long been used for removal of impurities and recovery of useful substances from liquids and gases because of its high adsorptive capacity, wherein "activation” refers to any of the various processes by which the pore structure is enhanced.
- highly microporous carbon is used within the canisters for capturing the biogas.
- the microporous carbon can be prepared by a variety of different techniques such as further chemical activation of activated carbon. An example of a process for preparation of highly microporous carbon is given in US 5,626,637.
- the container can also be filled with materials whose lattice structures of crystalline or grain configuration is capable of reversibly trapping the methane molecules.
- these materials have lattice structures that permit the penetration of methane molecules to the interior of the solid mass and have an inner MBM File No. 13HH-145PCT surface activity with respect to the methane molecule such as to allow surface adhesion at least to the extent necessary to augment the trapping effect.
- zeolites of known cage-like lattice structure such as mentioned in US 4,495,900 are used.
- the container can be filled with a sulphur-containing active carbon, produced from inexpensive aromatic precursors, such as chrysene, coal tar, and petroleum oils.
- a sulphur-containing active carbon produced from inexpensive aromatic precursors, such as chrysene, coal tar, and petroleum oils.
- the BCCU canisters are filled with nanoporous carbon made from waste corn cob.
- corn cobs are baked into carbon briquettes that trap biogas in fractal pore spaces.
- the fractal nature of the pores results in higher capture efficiency than other structures.
- the pore size affects the biogas collection capability of the carbon briquettes. Based on the type of activation procedures, about 80 different types of carbon can be produced from corn cob.
- biogas is collected from the PTU by promoting the formation of clathrate hydrates.
- Clathrate hydrates are a class of solids in which gas molecules occupy "cages" made up of hydrogen-bonded water molecules. These cages are unstable when empty, collapsing into conventional ice crystal structure, but they are stabilized by the inclusion of appropriately sized molecules within them. Most low molecular weight gases such as O 2 , H 2 , N 2 , CO 2 , H 2 S, Ar, Kr, Xe and methane, as well as some higher hydrocarbons and freons will form hydrates under certain pressure- temperature conditions. Once formed, clathrates can usually be decomposed by increasing the temperature and/or decreasing the pressure.
- Methane generation can be promoted within the PTUs using a variety of techniques.
- a key factor in methane generation is the provision of sufficient time for anaerobic breakdown of waste. The amount of methane generated increases as the time for anaerobic waste breakdown increases.
- Methane generation can also be promoted by MBM File No. 13HH-145PCT optimizing environmental conditions, such as temperature, pH balancing, mixing, components, nutrient levels, moisture or water-content among others.
- the PTU is configured not to allow any additional oxygen/air to enter into the system.
- the system further comprises circumvented air venting.
- the sludge portion of the sewage received from one or more sources of sewage undergoes settling in the settling compartment(s) of the PTU prior to entering the digestion compartment while the liquid effluent flows out of the PTU to an HSS, HPSS, or a leach field (in the case of a septic tank) using one or more sewage outlet pipes.
- the first compartment is connected to a siphon such that sludge can be extracted from the PTU during routine cleanout.
- the sludge settling to the bottom of the digestion chamber of the PTU is reduced by the action of microbial digestion.
- Larger anaerobic digestion compartments that retain a larger volume of sludge extend cleanout cycles; act as surge suppressors to slow the flow of sewage through the system; and increase the hydraulic retention time.
- Additional elements including flow attenuation devices may optionally be included to increase hydraulic retention time. All these factors result in enhanced settling of the sludge and thus enhanced biogas generation.
- Anaerobic digestion can be enhanced using several methodologies, such as by the use of additives, the use of fixed media to encourage biofilms growth and varying operational parameters including retention times, pH and temperature amongst other things.
- methane generation can be promoted by optimizing environmental conditions, such as temperature, pH components, mixing, nutrient levels, moisture or water-content and hydrogen ion levels.
- the PTU comprises a means for optimizing one or more environmental conditions to promote anaerobic digestion.
- the PTU can further comprise a means for monitoring environmental conditions within the solid portion of the waste including one or more sensors, for example without limitation, temperature sensors, pH sensors, moisture sensors, aeration sensors and the like.
- the PTU comprises a feedback system responsive to environmental cues as a means for optimizing one or more environmental conditions in response to signals received from one or more sensors.
- the rate of microbial digestion of sludge in the PTU is optimized through the addition of heat. Maintaining the temperature of the sludge within an optimal range can increase the rate of digestion. Increasing the temperature inside the PTU optimizes the growth rate of the micro-organisms that break down the sludge thereby reducing sludge volume and increasing methane production. A worker skilled in the art would be aware of the optimal temperature range required for efficient microbial reactions.
- mesophilic bacteria are more tolerant to changes in environmental conditions than the thermophiles. Therefore, mesophilic digestion systems are considered to be more stable than thermophilic digestion systems. However, the latter facilitate faster reaction rates and hence higher gas yields at increased temperatures.
- Increasing the temperature of the sludge blanket will both increase the rate at which microbes will digest the sludge and may alter the microbial flora found in the sludge blanket.
- psychrophilic anaerobes temperature range 10 0 C to 20 0 C
- these microbes slowly and inefficiently convert carbonaceous material into methane gas.
- thermophilic bacteria which thrive in the 45-55°C range are faster growing and WiPU reacting than mesophilic anaerobes, in general, are more sensitive to variations in the system and could die under minimal stresses (such as temperature dips, etc.). Additionally, operation of the clarifier in the 45-55°C range with no active heating is not technically possible in most locations.
- a PTU that is insulated to increase and/or maintain a constant desired optimum temperature with reference to the ambient temperature outside of the PTU which may or may not be optimal.
- the PTU is located partially or fully above ground
- at least part of the PTU is painted black or manufactured from material that absorbs solar heat.
- the PTU' s lid would be at grade and made of black metal or another high emissivity material.
- there are metal bars attached to the lid which reach down to the sludge blanket, thereby conducting heat energy into the sludge blanket to encourage digestion.
- methane powered fuel cells may provide heat to the PTU.
- the temperature in the PTU is increased through a heating means.
- the heating means can be powered by a power source such as a solar panel array, or other source as would be readily understood by a worker skilled in the art.
- the heating means can be powered by the captured biogas.
- the heating means can either be located within the PTU or external to the PTU.
- the system may further comprise an on-site methane harnessing system for sludge reduction comprising a gas compression flare and heating system and sludge blanket heating system.
- an on-site methane harnessing system for sludge reduction comprising a gas compression flare and heating system and sludge blanket heating system.
- Such an on-site methane harnessing system provides for the chemical conversion of methane gas into carbon dioxide by flaring gas on-site and supplying the heat produced to the sludge blanket to expedite the sludge degradation process and extension of the pump out cycle.
- the system comprises a catalytic converter-linked heater such that heat generated by the catalytic converter during the conversion of methane can used to heat the sludge blanket.
- the heating means include means for heating the walls of the PTU such as slab heaters.
- waste containing a solid component can be pre-heated prior entering a PTU.
- the heating means also comprises a temperature sensing means such as a thermostat.
- the heating means also comprises a feedback system which receives information from a temperature sensor, such as a thermostat, and controls the heating means so as to maintain a preset optimal temperature.
- incoming sewage is modified to have both appropriate pH levels and sufficient organics with balanced carbon-nutrient ratios and nitrogen ratio.
- mature sludge from another clarifier's sludge blanket is added to a new tank to expedite the maturing process, thereby avoiding a lag phase.
- the simple advantage of seeding is that the microbial system is set into motion instantaneously and methane will be produced right away.
- various pre- treatments including thermal treatment, ozonation, sonolysis and alkaline hydrolysis or combinations thereof promote sludge solubilisation and thereby enhance mesophilic anaerobic digestion.
- one or more of the compartments can be equipped with one or more anaerobic fixed media systems comprising a bed or supporting material layer.
- the bed or supporting material provides a surface for microorganism to affix to.
- Appropriate WiPU supports are known in the art and can include naturally occurring supports such as pebbles or rocks or man-made supports such as bricks, ceramic, metal or plastic elements. Generally, the supports will be resistant to environmental conditions within the system.
- the anaerobic filters may be utilized to treat concentrated wastewater or used to treat dilute sewage.
- Hydraulic mixing in the tank encourages mixing of new sewage substrate with the old sludge layers accumulated at the bottom of the tank thereby exposing fresh substrate to mature anaerobes.
- Sewage inputs may be optionally designed to promote such hydraulic mixing.
- the PTU sewage inputs comprise one or more offset inlet tee(s).
- the offset inlet tee may be offset from the center of the tank and have a bend in both the x- and /-direction.
- the bend can range from about 22.5 degrees to about 45 degrees. In one embodiment, the bend is 22.5 degrees. In another embodiment, the bend is 30 degrees. In another embodiment, the bend is 45 degrees. In still a further embodiment, the bend is 90 degrees.
- Such an offset inlet tee configuration encourages mixing of new sewage substrate with the old sludge layers accumulated at the bottom of the tank thereby exposing fresh substrate to mature anaerobes.
- Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modeling has shown that this inlet configuration can mix more than 90% of the tank's sludge blanket surface/elevation during high flow (plug) conditions.
- the offset inlet tee can also be configured so that the flow is directed at interchamber walls or interior baffles to further encourage erratic flow patterns and knocking down of solids in suspension.
- Means for the in situ generation of oxygen and/or hydrogen are known in the art and can include any mechanism capable of electrolysis, including one or more electrolytic cartridges, cells or chambers.
- the mechanism capable of electrolysis is capable of water electrolysis.
- the mechanism capable of electrolysis is capable of generating oxidizing agents.
- the type of water electrolysis apparatus that are appropriate for use in the instant invention will vary according to the functional requirements for the system. A worker skilled in the art will appreciate that the electrolysis apparatus can function intermittently or continuously. The electrolysis apparatus can be turned on or off either in a pre-programmed manner or in response to signals, e.g. from sensors.
- the electrolysis apparatus comprises two or more electrodes and an energy or power source.
- the electrolysis apparatus comprises a process controller operatively connected to one or more electrolysis apparatus and one or more sensors.
- the process controller can comprise a device capable of receiving and interpreting signals from the one or more sensors, processing the received signals and sending commands to one or more electrolysis apparatus to optimize results with substantially minimum energy costs.
- the process controller can also perform supervisory functions, such as monitoring for system failures, etc.
- the process controller further comprises a sensing means for detecting pH levels and, in order to prevent acidification of the sludge due to H+ build up, enabling the electrolysis of water to be regulated in a pH-dependent manner.
- the electrolysis apparatus comprises two or more electrodes located on the inner surface of the PTU or within the sludge blanket.
- two electrodes and are operatively connected to a power source, located externally to the PTU.
- the cathode or negative electrode generates hydrogen and the anode or positive electrode generates oxygen.
- the electrolysis unit may generate other (non-oxygen) oxidizing agents.
- the electrolysis apparatus By promoting the digestion of the accumulated sludge within the PTU, the electrolysis apparatus indirectly serves to increase the cleanout periods.
- the accumulation of sludge for longer periods serves to enhance the biogas generation.
- Electrodes There are various types of electrodes known in the art, including flat screen, mesh, rod, hollow cylinder, plate, or multiple plates, among others. A worker skilled in the art would know which type of electrode is appropriate for use in the instant invention according to the functional requirements of the system.
- the configuration of the anode will be selected to reduce or prevent the formation of gas bubbles.
- the electrode may be composed of a variety of materials.
- the electrode material must be sufficiently robust to withstand the elevated voltage and current levels applied during the electrolytic process of the invention, without excessive degradation of the electrode.
- a given electrode may be metallic or non-metallic. Where the electrode is metallic, the electrode may include platinized titanium, among other compositions, as would be readily understood by a worker skilled in the art. Where the electrode is non-metallic, the electrode may include graphitic carbon, diamond dusted boron, or can be one or more of a variety of conductive ceramic materials, as would be readily understood by a skilled worker.
- the anode and cathode of the electrode cell may have a variety of different compositions and/or configurations without departing from the scope of the invention.
- the anode and cathode are substantially equivalent in order to facilitate bipolar operation to reduce scale build-up on the electrodes.
- Electrolytic processes may generate thin films or deposits on the electrode surfaces that can lower the efficiency of the water treatment process.
- De-scaling of the electrodes to remove some films may be carried out by periodically reversing the polarity of operation (switching the anode and cathode plates to the opposite polarity).
- Automatic logic controls permit programmed or continuous de-scaling, thus reducing labour and maintenance costs.
- a reference electrode is integrated into the electrolysis apparatus.
- At least one of the one or more electrodes is substantially submerged in the sludge. In one embodiment, all of the electrodes are substantially submerged in the sludge. In one embodiment of the invention, at least one of the one or more electrodes is partially submerged in the sludge. In one embodiment, all of the electrodes are partially submerged in the sludge.
- the placement of the electrodes will vary based on the system requirements.
- the electrodes may be in a fixed position or movably mounted.
- the electrodes may be mounted on the walls and/or floor of the PTU.
- the electrodes are suspended within the sludge using means known in the art.
- Appropriate energy sources for the electrolysis apparatus are known in the art and the skilled technician will know which energy source is most appropriate for configuration of the system.
- the energy source will deliver a controlled electrical charge having a value determined by the requirements of the system.
- the energy or power source may be a standard or rechargeable battery, direct AC connection or solar power, amongst others known in the art.
- on-site methane mitigation may be required.
- the methane-containing biogas output of the primary treatment unit may be connected to methane mitigation means.
- On-site methane mitigation by creating a filter/device that contains (and/or encourages the colonization of methanotrophs) naturally occurring 145PC l methanotrophs (typically found in compost, but other media may be used) that will convert methane gas to carbon dioxide through respiration.
- methanotrophs can be housed in an underground soil vent and/or a ring of media surrounding the riser which is finely perforated to allow gas to escape into the media but will not let soil/sand enter into the tank, a surface canister, amongst other configurations.
- system and processes described above for substantially optimizing solid waste decomposition can be integrated with other systems and processes for minimizing solid waste including, for example, pre- or post-enzymatic treatment, and others.
- system and processes of the invention are integrated with systems for pre-treating sewage using electrolysis, for example as disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,089,761 and 4,124,481.
- the biogas extracted using the BCCUs is optionally utilized in gas utilization centers for one or more of a variety of applications including but not limited to electricity production, co-generation, use as fuels and use for chemical synthesis.
- the gas utilization centers are located on-site at the sources of waste.
- the gas utilization center is a centralized facility shared by multiple PTUs.
- the biogas generated in the PTUs is captured using containers designed and configured to reversibly capture the biogas, that serve as BCCUs. These containers are then moved to gas utilization centers where they are treated to release the captured biogas ('desorption') therein.
- the BCCUs may be located at the gas utilization centers.
- the desorption process can either be done immediately on receipt of the containers, or till such time as the biogas is to be utilized in which case the containers serve as storage devices.
- the containers can be moved to intermediate locations where they undergo desorption and the extracted biogas is then transported to the gas utilization centers using Biogas Transport Elements (BTE), such as a system of pipes.
- BTE Biogas Transport Elements
- the biogas is collected using BCCUs in the form of tubular conduits which are connected to one or more BTEs, such as a system of pipes, to gas utilization centers for further processing, storage and/or utilization.
- BTEs such as a system of pipes
- gas utilization centers for further processing, storage and/or utilization.
- the BTE serves as a gas collection main.
- Motive force between BTEs and gas utilization centers could be active, passive or a combination of both.
- the BTEs are made using flexible, pressure-rated high density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe, typically between 19-100 mm in diameter.
- HDPE high density polyethylene
- the use of this type of pipe offers many of the advantages such as ease of installation, fewer joints between pipe sections, reduction of open excavation and surface reinstatement etc.
- the BTEs can also be made from a variety of other materials such as polyethylene.
- the use of HDPE ensures that the BTEs remain uncorroded for a design period of greater than 100 years.
- FIG 13 shows one embodiment of the system where the wastewater catchment area is broken up into zones and the biogas flows through either active or passive motive forces to the collection hub downstream of the catchment area.
- the moisture traps are upstream of the biogas collection hub however they may be placed at other strategic points in the system.
- At the collection hub there may be instrumentation to measure and monitor the biogas quality/quantity/etc and/or ambient conditions; there may also be pumps to push/pull gas along the system depending on the topography of the catchment area and servicing conditions.
- the biogas flows (by either active or passive motive means) to the conversion centre, either in separate pipes delivered to the plant or collected into one trunk biogas pipe merged through a series of wye connections delivering only one biogas pipe to the plant.
- the equipment in the conversion centre can include, but are not limited to, a multi- valve splitter, a filter or separator or scrubber, condensation and sediment traps, a drip trap, a knock out drum, a blower, a flame assembly, explosion relief valve, a flame trap assembly such as a heat exchanger or gas flame, engine/generator for cogeneration and a control panel and necessary monitoring equipment such as an oxygen analyser. Most equipment would be required to be housed within an explosion proof building, depending on the local government building regulations/rules.
- the BTE is placed in the same trench as the sewage collection mains.
- the use of the same trench for both the sewage collection mains and the BTE results in significant cost savings.
- Other services may also be added in the same trench, thus, providing "bundled services”.
- Moisture which collects within the underground BCCU system can be discharged into the HPSS in common trench together through the use of condensation traps (see Figure 13).
- FIG 14 is an illustration of an exemplary condensation trap under a roadway.
- moisture trapped in the biogas lines can be conveyed into a small bore sewer effluent stream without causing atmospheric air to enter into the biogas pipe network through a hydraulic plug.
- the moisture traps are collection points for the cooled water which has condensed from the biogas inside the biogas piping and a gooseneck bend in the pipe contains water so that no gases pass from the biogas to the small bore sewer system or vice versa.
- these traps will be filled with water at installation and will always be full within the U-bend in a similar manner to the gas trap under most 145PC l sinks.
- these moisture traps can be installed along roadways with access provided to both the biogas collection system and the effluent sewer system for maintenance as prescribed or necessary. Both the biogas piping and the SBS piping can have extended standpipes from this moisture trap point to access the piping for flushing or other maintenance.
- the BTEs may also comprise standard gas flow equipment such as pressure monitors, valves, compressors etc inserted to control the flow of gases.
- standard gas flow equipment such as pressure monitors, valves, compressors etc inserted to control the flow of gases.
- the gas flow equipment serve to ensure a uniform pressure for the extracted gas flow.
- these flow control devices are controlled to either operate the gas extraction process intermittently or continuously.
- Typical flow control mechanisms for gases such as pressure valves can be used, as will be readily understood by a worker skilled in the art.
- tank biogas build-up can pressurize the tank and at a maximum pressure, valves can trip, pushing biogas slug by motive force to collection hub or plant.
- valves may not be included in the design and instead the biogas continuously flows to a hub or plant.
- valves which can either be tripped by pressure buildup or through monitoring sensors which electronically will trip the valves.
- condensation traps can transfer moisture collected in the biogas pipe network and release this collected water into the SBS effluent system twinned above or alongside the biogas system.
- filtering means are used to remove or isolate specific gases.
- these filtering means can be used to isolate methane.
- these filtering means can be placed anywhere in the path of the gas flow including but not limited to the following locations: within the PTU, within the BCCUs, within the BTEs, or at the gas utilization centers.
- predominantly methane is collected from the PTUs and transported using the BTEs to a centralized plant either for industrial use in chemical synthesis or for the production of electricity.
- the methane is used for electricity generation by burning it as a fuel in gas turbines, steam boilers, reciprocating engines or micro-turbines.
- MBM File No. 13HH-145PCT burning methane produces less CO 2 for each unit of heat released, and also produces the most heat per unit mass.
- the methane collected can be transported as fuel in liquefied form similar to liquid natural gas (LNG).
- Methane in the form of compressed natural gas (CNG) is also used as a fuel for vehicles and is considered to be more eco- friendly than gasoline and diesel.
- Methane is also used as a feedstock for the production of hydrogen, methanol, acetic acid and acetic anhydride in the chemical industry.
- Methane collected from each PTU is pumped back upstream for applications such as electricity production for the residences.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AP2011005734A AP2011005734A0 (en) | 2008-11-04 | 2009-10-30 | A primary treatment unit and system for maximisingthe amount of methane-containing biogas collected from sewage. |
US13/127,197 US20120085690A1 (en) | 2008-11-04 | 2009-10-30 | Primary Treatment Unit and System for Maximising the Amount of Methane-Containing Biogas Collected from Sewage |
EP09824301.7A EP2361230A4 (en) | 2008-11-04 | 2009-10-30 | A primary treatment unit and system for maximising the amount of methane-containing biogas collected from sewage |
AU2009311220A AU2009311220A1 (en) | 2008-11-04 | 2009-10-30 | A primary treatment unit and system for maximising the amount of methane-containing biogas collected from sewage |
CA 2741464 CA2741464A1 (en) | 2008-11-04 | 2009-10-30 | A primary treatment unit and system for maximising the amount of methane-containing biogas collected from sewage |
CN2009801327662A CN102216229A (en) | 2008-11-04 | 2009-10-30 | A primary treatment unit and system for maximising the amount of methane-containing biogas collected from sewage |
BRPI0921768A BRPI0921768A2 (en) | 2008-11-04 | 2009-10-30 | primary treatment unit and system to maximize the amount of methane-containing biogas collected from the sewage |
MX2011004708A MX2011004708A (en) | 2008-11-04 | 2009-10-30 | A primary treatment unit and system for maximising the amount of methane-containing biogas collected from sewage. |
ZA2011/03761A ZA201103761B (en) | 2008-11-04 | 2011-05-23 | A primary treatment unit and system for maximising the amount of methane-containing biogas collected from sewage |
MA33916A MA33794B1 (en) | 2008-11-04 | 2011-06-03 | PRIMARY TREATMENT UNIT AND SYSTEM FOR MAXIMIZING THE QUANTITY OF BIOGAS CONTAINING MTHANE COLLECTION FROM WASTEWATER |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11105308P | 2008-11-04 | 2008-11-04 | |
US61/111,053 | 2008-11-04 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2010051622A1 true WO2010051622A1 (en) | 2010-05-14 |
Family
ID=42152421
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CA2009/001542 WO2010051622A1 (en) | 2008-11-04 | 2009-10-30 | A primary treatment unit and system for maximising the amount of methane-containing biogas collected from sewage |
Country Status (16)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20120085690A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2361230A4 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102216229A (en) |
AP (1) | AP2011005734A0 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2009311220A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0921768A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2741464A1 (en) |
CL (1) | CL2011000965A1 (en) |
CO (1) | CO6331459A2 (en) |
EC (1) | ECSP11011096A (en) |
MA (1) | MA33794B1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2011004708A (en) |
NI (1) | NI201100086A (en) |
PE (1) | PE20120194A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010051622A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA201103761B (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITBO20120134A1 (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2013-09-15 | Walther Simonini | PROCEDURE AND PLANT OF ANAEROBIC DIGESTION WITH SEPARATE PHASES WITH AEROBIC / ANAEROBIC HYDROOLIS AND ACIDOSIS COMBINED IN PROCESS FOR CONTACT WITH RECYCLING OF DIGESTATE AND MICROBICA BIOMASS FOR GREATER METHANEOUS RANGE FROM ORGANIC FRACTION TO ELEV |
US11692163B2 (en) | 2011-10-13 | 2023-07-04 | Tenfold Technologies, LLC | Method for production of a soil amendment |
US11760630B2 (en) | 2021-04-15 | 2023-09-19 | Iogen Corporation | Process and system for producing low carbon intensity renewable hydrogen |
US11807530B2 (en) | 2022-04-11 | 2023-11-07 | Iogen Corporation | Method for making low carbon intensity hydrogen |
US11873220B2 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2024-01-16 | Iogen Corporation | Method for producing renewable fuels |
US11946001B2 (en) | 2021-04-22 | 2024-04-02 | Iogen Corporation | Process and system for producing fuel |
US11999940B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2024-06-04 | Tenfold Technologies, LLC | Balanced system and method for production of microbial output |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
MX366434B (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2019-06-26 | Xavier Valdes Simancas Francisco | Combined bioreactor for the treatment of waste water, by means of anaerobic, aerobic and anoxic processes of degradation of organic matter with zone separator system and collection of biogases, scum and sludge. |
US20210253456A1 (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2021-08-19 | Bryan R. Johnson | Integrated Biogas Treatment and Carbon Dioxide Based Disinfection for Water Treatment |
BE1023245B1 (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-01-10 | Anatis Sa | Tank and bio-methanation plant |
CN106396281A (en) * | 2016-11-19 | 2017-02-15 | 郑州天舜电子技术有限公司 | Domestic small sewage treatment device |
US10989215B2 (en) | 2017-09-05 | 2021-04-27 | Solar Turbines Incorporated | Compressor system equipped for fugitive gas handling and fugitive gas system operating method |
WO2022241520A1 (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2022-11-24 | Apollo CS Holdings Pty Ltd | "organic waste processing device and method" |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2128498A1 (en) * | 1992-01-30 | 1993-08-05 | Arthur R. Grant | Effluent treatment process |
JP2000263018A (en) * | 1999-03-15 | 2000-09-26 | Toshiba Corp | Treatment apparatus for organic waste |
CA2623956A1 (en) * | 2005-09-27 | 2007-04-05 | Clearford Industries Inc. | High performance sewer system |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2084468A5 (en) * | 1970-03-11 | 1971-12-17 | Environment One Corp | |
US3919086A (en) * | 1973-09-11 | 1975-11-11 | Nus Corp | Sewage treatment apparatus |
JP3617528B1 (en) * | 2004-06-18 | 2005-02-09 | 有限会社エムアイシー | Biomass processing method |
-
2009
- 2009-10-30 AP AP2011005734A patent/AP2011005734A0/en unknown
- 2009-10-30 AU AU2009311220A patent/AU2009311220A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-10-30 EP EP09824301.7A patent/EP2361230A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-10-30 CA CA 2741464 patent/CA2741464A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-10-30 BR BRPI0921768A patent/BRPI0921768A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-10-30 WO PCT/CA2009/001542 patent/WO2010051622A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-10-30 CN CN2009801327662A patent/CN102216229A/en active Pending
- 2009-10-30 PE PE2011000942A patent/PE20120194A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-10-30 US US13/127,197 patent/US20120085690A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-10-30 MX MX2011004708A patent/MX2011004708A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2011
- 2011-04-29 CL CL2011000965A patent/CL2011000965A1/en unknown
- 2011-05-03 NI NI201100086A patent/NI201100086A/en unknown
- 2011-05-19 CO CO11061839A patent/CO6331459A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-05-23 ZA ZA2011/03761A patent/ZA201103761B/en unknown
- 2011-06-02 EC ECSP11011096 patent/ECSP11011096A/en unknown
- 2011-06-03 MA MA33916A patent/MA33794B1/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2128498A1 (en) * | 1992-01-30 | 1993-08-05 | Arthur R. Grant | Effluent treatment process |
JP2000263018A (en) * | 1999-03-15 | 2000-09-26 | Toshiba Corp | Treatment apparatus for organic waste |
CA2623956A1 (en) * | 2005-09-27 | 2007-04-05 | Clearford Industries Inc. | High performance sewer system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP2361230A4 * |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11692163B2 (en) | 2011-10-13 | 2023-07-04 | Tenfold Technologies, LLC | Method for production of a soil amendment |
US11873220B2 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2024-01-16 | Iogen Corporation | Method for producing renewable fuels |
ITBO20120134A1 (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2013-09-15 | Walther Simonini | PROCEDURE AND PLANT OF ANAEROBIC DIGESTION WITH SEPARATE PHASES WITH AEROBIC / ANAEROBIC HYDROOLIS AND ACIDOSIS COMBINED IN PROCESS FOR CONTACT WITH RECYCLING OF DIGESTATE AND MICROBICA BIOMASS FOR GREATER METHANEOUS RANGE FROM ORGANIC FRACTION TO ELEV |
US11999940B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2024-06-04 | Tenfold Technologies, LLC | Balanced system and method for production of microbial output |
US11760630B2 (en) | 2021-04-15 | 2023-09-19 | Iogen Corporation | Process and system for producing low carbon intensity renewable hydrogen |
US11946001B2 (en) | 2021-04-22 | 2024-04-02 | Iogen Corporation | Process and system for producing fuel |
US11807530B2 (en) | 2022-04-11 | 2023-11-07 | Iogen Corporation | Method for making low carbon intensity hydrogen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2741464A1 (en) | 2010-05-14 |
PE20120194A1 (en) | 2012-03-29 |
EP2361230A1 (en) | 2011-08-31 |
CN102216229A (en) | 2011-10-12 |
BRPI0921768A2 (en) | 2016-01-05 |
ECSP11011096A (en) | 2011-07-29 |
US20120085690A1 (en) | 2012-04-12 |
ZA201103761B (en) | 2012-01-25 |
NI201100086A (en) | 2011-09-27 |
AU2009311220A1 (en) | 2010-05-14 |
EP2361230A4 (en) | 2014-01-22 |
MX2011004708A (en) | 2011-08-24 |
CO6331459A2 (en) | 2011-10-20 |
MA33794B1 (en) | 2012-12-03 |
AP2011005734A0 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
CL2011000965A1 (en) | 2011-07-22 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20120085690A1 (en) | Primary Treatment Unit and System for Maximising the Amount of Methane-Containing Biogas Collected from Sewage | |
US20120009668A1 (en) | Biogas Capture and/or Collection System | |
Appels et al. | Principles and potential of the anaerobic digestion of waste-activated sludge | |
US7168888B2 (en) | Aerobic and anaerobic waste management systems and methods for landfills | |
CA2623956C (en) | High performance sewer system | |
US7422393B2 (en) | Aerobic and anaerobic waste management systems and methods for landfills | |
US8962310B2 (en) | System for anaerobic digestion of solid and soluble organic wastes, by-products and residues | |
JP6453386B2 (en) | Bioreactor, methane production method and hydrogen gas production method using the same, and water / gas / electricity self-supply system | |
CA2747218A1 (en) | Biogas capture and/or collection system | |
CN101597121B (en) | Distributed domestic sewage treatment reactor and treatment method thereof | |
Taricska et al. | Anaerobic digestion | |
CN108467825B (en) | Rapid dry anaerobic reaction device for household garbage | |
RU2700817C1 (en) | Device for increasing volumes of extracted biogas from solid household waste landfills | |
KR101229477B1 (en) | Method for Processing Organic Waste | |
CN217458912U (en) | Ultrasonic oil-water separation device with special-shaped runner box body | |
CN216427272U (en) | Anaerobic fermentation device for kitchen waste | |
RU2700087C1 (en) | Method of reducing methane recovery contained in biogas on a solid municipal waste landfill | |
CA2837311A1 (en) | Septic waste-to-energy method and apparatus | |
Gutierrez et al. | Mechanisms, source, and factors that affect methane emissions | |
KR101229476B1 (en) | System for Processing Organic Waste | |
Khan | Community-based energy production from anaerobic digestion of biowaste | |
Asimakopoulos | Start–up of a Thermophilic Digestion of Sewage Sludge from Mesophilic Conditions. | |
Rabbani et al. | Study and construction of a single person fuel efficient light weight vehicle and the feasibility of biogas as an alternative fuel | |
Cooper et al. | Full-Scale Implementation of a Novel Digester Gas Conditioning System Using Biological Scrubbing and Molecular Sponge Siloxane Removal | |
Hollopeter | Anaerobic sequencing batch reactor treatment of municipal landfill leachate at 35à ° C |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200980132766.2 Country of ref document: CN |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 09824301 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1626/DELNP/2011 Country of ref document: IN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2741464 Country of ref document: CA |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 000942-2011 Country of ref document: PE Ref document number: 12011500827 Country of ref document: PH |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2011000965 Country of ref document: CL |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: MX/A/2011/004708 Country of ref document: MX |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 11061839 Country of ref document: CO |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2009311220 Country of ref document: AU |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2009824301 Country of ref document: EP |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2009311220 Country of ref document: AU Date of ref document: 20091030 Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 13127197 Country of ref document: US |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: PI0921768 Country of ref document: BR Kind code of ref document: A2 Effective date: 20110504 |