WO2010043169A1 - 一种光电模块 - Google Patents

一种光电模块 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010043169A1
WO2010043169A1 PCT/CN2009/074405 CN2009074405W WO2010043169A1 WO 2010043169 A1 WO2010043169 A1 WO 2010043169A1 CN 2009074405 W CN2009074405 W CN 2009074405W WO 2010043169 A1 WO2010043169 A1 WO 2010043169A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
photovoltaic module
heat insulating
solar panel
module according
insulating member
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2009/074405
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨锦怀
Original Assignee
Young Chin-Huai
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Young Chin-Huai filed Critical Young Chin-Huai
Priority to US13/124,071 priority Critical patent/US20110265854A1/en
Priority to PL09820245T priority patent/PL2346092T3/pl
Priority to ES09820245T priority patent/ES2774573T3/es
Priority to AU2009304453A priority patent/AU2009304453A1/en
Priority to EP09820245.0A priority patent/EP2346092B1/en
Publication of WO2010043169A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010043169A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0216—Coatings
    • H01L31/02161—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/02167—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • H01L31/02168—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells the coatings being antireflective or having enhancing optical properties for the solar cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
    • H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
    • H02S20/26—Building materials integrated with PV modules, e.g. façade elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/20—Optical components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/20—Optical components
    • H02S40/22—Light-reflecting or light-concentrating means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a modular optoelectronic technology, and more particularly to an optoelectronic module that can increase power generation efficiency while having a heat insulating function.
  • solar panels include a plurality of photovoltaic semiconductor wafers that can directly generate electricity using sunlight.
  • the principle is generally to add high-purity semiconductor materials to some. Impurity, such that the aforementioned semiconductor materials exhibit different properties. For example, the addition of boron can form a P-type semiconductor, and the addition of a monument can form an N-type semiconductor.
  • the P-type semiconductor When the P-type semiconductor is combined with the N-type semiconductor, when the sunlight is incident, the electrons in the N-type semiconductor are knocked out, but both jump into the P-type semiconductor and cannot be retracted, forming a unidirectional conduction, and p
  • the junction surface of the type semiconductor and the N-type semiconductor has electron diffusion, and a large amount of free electrons accompany it, and the movement of the electrons generates a current, that is, a potential difference is generated at the junction surface.
  • the solar battery module is provided with a double-sided solar panel, and the double-sided solar battery module is tilted and placed thereon.
  • the surface of the solar panel faces upward to directly absorb the illumination light of the solar energy, and a reflector is disposed on the horizontal plane of the backlight position of the solar cell module, so that the reflector is used to reflect the sunlight to the lower solar panel, thereby achieving the purpose of double-sided illumination.
  • a new type of solar photovoltaic module including a solar panel having double-sided absorption light and a backlight located at a backlight position of the solar battery module is disclosed in the Taiwan Patent Publication No. 536063.
  • a side of the backlight module protrudes around the solar cell module, and collects light from a side of the backlight module to provide a light source to the solar panel of the solar photovoltaic module.
  • Taiwan Patent Publication No. M325607 The solar panel device with a wing-shaped plane mirror is controlled by a single chip, and the solar ray tracing device is mainly used to adjust the solar panel to keep the solar panel and the solar light in a nearly vertical state.
  • the long side of the solar panel assists in designing a plane mirror that can change the tilt angle.
  • the vertical component after the light reflected outside the solar panel is reflected by the plane mirror, and the light perpendicular to the solar panel can be reused to enhance the solar energy.
  • the photoelectric conversion energy of the board is controlled by a single chip, and the solar ray tracing device is mainly used to adjust the solar panel to keep the solar panel and the solar light in a nearly vertical state.
  • the long side of the solar panel assists in designing a plane mirror that can change the tilt angle.
  • the vertical component after the light reflected outside the solar panel is reflected by the plane mirror, and the light perpendicular to the solar panel can be reused to enhance the solar energy.
  • the present invention provides a "photovoltaic module", the photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic module, and a surface of the photovoltaic module is provided with a reflective heat insulating member; thus, when the incident light passes through the In the case of the optoelectronic component, photoelectric conversion can be performed by the optoelectronic component to generate electric energy, and after the light is irradiated to the reflective heat insulating member, part of the light can pass through the reflective heat insulating member and other light is separated by the reflection.
  • the heat member is reflected such that the reflected light passes through the optoelectronic component again, and the amount of light that the optoelectronic component can perform photoelectric conversion to generate electrical energy is increased.
  • the photoelectric module can perform photoelectric conversion multiple times, thereby effectively improving power generation efficiency.
  • the foregoing photovoltaic module may further include a plate material disposed at the bottom of the reflective heat insulation member, wherein the building materials, or other buildings and non-buildings.
  • the photovoltaic module may include a frame for accommodating the plate, the reflective heat insulating member, and the photoelectric component, and the frame may be directly installed in a general building. Windows, skylights, walls, etc., to achieve practical progress in construction, transportation and so on.
  • the photoelectric module of the present invention adopts a reflective heat insulating member, and the heat energy generated when the light is irradiated, such as heat radiation, can be partially reflected by the reflective heat insulating member. Or isolation, so that the thermal energy does not pass through the photovoltaic module, so the heat insulation effect can be achieved.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a side view of a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a perspective cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • 5 to 7 are cross-sectional views showing a modification of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view of the use of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view of another use of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view of still another use of the present invention.
  • the photovoltaic module 1 of the present embodiment includes a reflective insulating element 10 and a photoelectric Component 11.
  • the reflective heat insulating member 10 may be a heat reflecting film, a heat reflecting sheet or other equivalent component that can reflect light passing through the photovoltaic module 11, that is, as long as heat radiation such as sunlight can be irradiated
  • the function of reflecting light and achieving heat insulation is suitable for the present invention.
  • the reflective heat insulating member 10 can be disposed to be light-transmissive, semi-transparent, or different in light transmittance according to the requirements at the time of use; for example, when it is disposed on a roof of a building, a wall, or the like, the surface of the building material is
  • the reflective heat insulating member 10 may be an opaque component. If disposed in a glass, a skylight or the like or other non-building, the reflective heat insulating member 10 may be an opaque or semi-transparent component.
  • the reflective heat insulating member 10 is exemplified by a heat insulating film. More specifically, the reflective heat insulating member 10 may be a heat insulating film for blocking a sunlight heat source, a multilayer heat insulating film patch, A polyester (PET) film of suitable thickness, or other equivalent film layer.
  • a multi-layer heat-insulating film patch a multi-layer base film may be used in combination with a multi-layer anti-light layer and a scratch-resistant layer to achieve a good heat insulation effect under the premise of achieving visible light transmittance. Need to selectively increase multi-layer insulation
  • the film patch is resistant to infrared rays, ultraviolet rays or scratches.
  • the surface of the PET film may be covered with a metal layer containing a metal such as nickel, silver, aluminum, or chromium, or an organic dye may be added. Dyed layer.
  • the reflective heat insulating member 10 in this embodiment is a separate member, the reflective heat insulating member 10 can be glued to the photovoltaic module 11 through an adhesive, an optical glue, an optical tape, or the like. surface.
  • the reflective heat insulating member 10 may also be integrally disposed on the film layer of the photovoltaic module 11. For example, a coating having a medium reflectance, a coating having a high reflectivity, and a coating having a low reflectivity may be sequentially coated on a surface of the photovoltaic module 11 to constitute the reflective heat insulation. Item 10.
  • the reflective heat insulating member 10 is not limited to the foregoing heat insulating film, the multilayer heat insulating film patch, and the PET film, and may also be a nano structure optical heat insulating film or other reflective and heat insulating functions. Equivalent component.
  • the optoelectronic component 11 can be an amorphous silicon solar panel, a monocrystalline silicon solar panel, a polycrystalline silicon solar panel, or a solar panel produced by using a silicon wafer in combination with a semiconductor; or the photovoltaic component 11 can be a thin film.
  • Solar panels such as materials including, for example, nanocrystalline silicon (NC-Si, also known as Microcrystalline Silicon, mc-Si), copper indium diselenide (CIS, or Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide, CIGS) , Multi-joint GaAs Multijuction, Dye - Sensitized Solar Cell, Organic/polymer solar cells, etc.
  • the photovoltaic module 11 may be a solar panel or other solar panel as described in the embodiment, and since the types and structures of the plurality of solar panels are both existing, they will not be described one by one.
  • the photovoltaic module 11 is exemplified by a characteristic having high light transmittance and low reflectance.
  • the optoelectronic component 11 performs photoelectric conversion to generate electrical energy, which can be externally transmitted by the wire 110 to which the optoelectronic component 11 is connected. Since the photovoltaic module 11 such as a solar panel is existing, it will not be described in detail herein.
  • the reflective heat insulating member 10 can reflect a part of the incident light 2, and the reflected reflected light 2 can contact and pass through the optoelectronic component 11.
  • the reflected light 2 reflected by the reflective thermal insulator 10 can further increase the source of optical energy, except that the incident light 2 can be used as a source of photoelectric energy for photoelectric conversion. , to achieve increased power generation efficiency of photoelectric conversion.
  • the reflective heat insulating member 10 reflects or isolates the incident light 2 while reflecting or isolating the heat radiation, thereby effectively transferring the heat energy. Isolated, it achieves the function of heat insulation.
  • the photovoltaic module 1 of the present embodiment further includes a plate 12 disposed at the bottom of the reflective heat insulating member 10.
  • the reflective heat insulation member 10 is disposed between the plate material 12 and the photovoltaic module 11 .
  • the sheet material 12 is determined according to the place of use or the demand at the time of use.
  • the sheet material 12 in this embodiment may be, for example, glass, such as glass used for windows, skylights, window displays, etc.; of course, in other embodiments the sheet material 12 Or it can be used for building walls, roofs, eaves, building materials.
  • the plate member 12 may be a fixing member for fixing the reflective heat insulating member 10 and the photovoltaic module 11. Further, the reflective heat insulating member 10 and the photovoltaic module 11 are as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and therefore will not be described again.
  • the reflective heat insulating member 10, the optoelectronic component 11 and the plate material 12 may be glued to each other as the photovoltaic module 1 by using an adhesive, an optical glue, an optical tape, or the like, or
  • the reflective heat insulating member 10 is directly disposed on the surface of the plate 12 or integrally disposed on the surface of the photovoltaic module 11.
  • the reflective heat insulating member 10 may be applied with a heat insulating film, a multilayer heat insulating film patch, and a PET film as in the foregoing first embodiment; or, in the photovoltaic module 11 or the
  • the sheet 12 is coated with a coating of different reflectance as, for example, a window glass, a lens or the like; or, a coated glass such as Low-E Glass, wherein the low-emission (Low-E) glass has a high Transparent, low glare, and better radiant heat resistance, and can be divided into on-line coating low-emission (Hard Low-E) glass, off-line rhodium-plated low-emission (Soft Low-E) glass, and thin-film rhodium-plated low-emission (PET Low - E) glass, etc.
  • Soft Low-E off-line rhodium-plated low-emission
  • PET Low - E thin-film rhodium-plated low-emission
  • the high-reflectivity thermal insulation film not only increases the power generation efficiency and thermal insulation, but also improves the perspective clarity of the front-surface light-transmissive module, and changes the original perspective blur state to a clear-cut state.
  • the principle of refraction and scattering of light is also improved.
  • the photovoltaic module 1 of the present embodiment can be combined with building materials, glass, or other plates for general construction, and can improve the power generation efficiency of the photoelectric conversion of the photovoltaic module 11 and the heat insulation when irradiated with sunlight or the like.
  • the photovoltaic module 1 of the present invention has the above-mentioned reflective heat insulating member 10, the photoelectric module 11 and the plate member 12, Furthermore, the frame 3 is included, which may be a window frame for a window, a window frame for a sunroof for a vehicle, or a frame for a building, etc., and the reflective heat insulating member 10, the photovoltaic module 11 and the plate 12 After being bonded to the photovoltaic module 1 by an adhesive, an optical glue, an optical tape or the like, the inside of the frame 3 can be assembled, so that the photovoltaic module 1 can be directly installed in a general building or a non-building. On the wall of the object, it has practical advancement such as quick installation and convenient transportation.
  • a gap may be formed between some of the members.
  • the structure of FIG. 4 can be changed to have a gap between the reflective heat insulating member 10 and the plate member 12 to form a hollow layer 120.
  • the sheet 12, the reflective heat insulating member 10, and the photovoltaic module 11 have a gap therebetween, that is, between the reflective heat insulating member 10, the photoelectric module 11, and the plate member 12,
  • the two hollow layers 120 are formed; or, as shown in FIG. 7, a gap is formed between the reflective heat insulating member 10 and the photovoltaic module 11, and a hollow layer 120 is formed.
  • the reflective heat insulating member 10 is further removed by the hollow layer 120, in addition to reflecting/separating heat radiation or the like by the reflective heat insulating member 10.
  • the photoelectric assembly 11 is isolated from the heat conduction between the sheets 12, thereby improving the heat insulating effect.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the use state of the present invention.
  • the frame body 3 is disposed on a wall surface of the building 4 , and the inside of the frame body 3 is implemented as a third embodiment.
  • the example has the foregoing reflective heat insulating member 10, the photoelectric module 11 and the plate member 12 (only the photoelectric group is shown in FIG. 8). Item 11).
  • FIG. 8 has the foregoing reflective heat insulating member 10, the photoelectric module 11 and the plate member 12 (only the photoelectric group is shown in FIG. 8). Item 11).
  • FIG. 10 it is a schematic diagram of still another use state of the present invention.
  • the vehicle 5 such as a car has a sunroof, and the photovoltaic module 1 of the second embodiment may be disposed on the sunroof; or, the sunroof may be selected.
  • the photovoltaic module of the third embodiment also directly or directly sets the photovoltaic module of the different embodiments described above on the roof of the vehicle, and is not limited thereto.
  • the optoelectronic component 11 of the photovoltaic module 1 is provided with a reflective thermal insulation member 10, and the reflective thermal insulation member 10 has both There is a function of reflecting light and performing heat insulation. Therefore, when the photoelectric module 11 performs photoelectric conversion to generate electric energy, the light source receives the light reflected by the reflective heat insulating member 10 in addition to direct illumination from sunlight or the like.
  • the present invention can directly improve the area of the photovoltaic module 11 without directly changing the area of the photovoltaic module 11 Improve the practical progress of power generation efficiency.
  • the reflective heat insulating member 10 of the photovoltaic module 1 can mainly reflect or isolate light, such as heat radiation, light, etc. generated by sunlight, so that the photoelectric module 1 can be installed in a window when in use.
  • the light-transmissive sheet material 12 such as glass, compared with the conventional solar panel, the temperature rise in the building or the vehicle is likely to be lost, and the present invention can simultaneously have practical progress in heat insulation function when used.

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  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
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Description

一种光电模块 本申请要求于 2008 年 10 月 13 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200820134895.8、 发明名称为"一种光电模块"的中国专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及一种模块化的光电技术， 尤指一种可提高发电效率同时兼 具隔热功能的光电模块。
背景技术
随着节能与环保的诉求， 太阳能发电已成为新兴能源的热门技术， 许 多产品， 如热水器、 小型家电等， 早已采用太阳能作为辅助或主要的能源 供应方式。
基于太阳能有许多优点， 例如源源不断、 清洁、 安全且不受任何垄断， 更不会导致污染， 确实是无后顾之忧的新一代能源。
用以将太阳能转为电能的技术中， 最常用的便是太阳能板， 而太阳能 板中包括可利用太阳光直接发电的复数光电半导体薄片， 其原理大致来说 是将高纯度的半导体材料加入一些不纯物， 以使前述半导体材料呈现不同 的性质。 例如， 加入硼可形成 P型半导体， 加入碑可形成 N型半导体。 当 P型半导体与 N型半导体相结合之后， 于太阳光入射时， N型半导体的内 的电子被击出，但都马上跳到 P型半导体之内而无法退回，形成单向导电， 而 p型半导体与 N型半导体的接合面有电子扩散，大量的自由电子伴随而 生， 而此电子的移动又产生了电流， 也就是在前述接合面产生电位差。
同时， 早期关于太阳能板的应用多半装设于计算器、 手表等小型电器 产品中， 随着半导体制造技术的进步， 现行太阳能板的尺寸与以往的太阳 能板比起来， 更是大了许多， 其主要目的在于使受光面积越大， 如此所能 产生的发电量相对越高。 因此， 太阳能板大多朝大尺寸的技术发展。
此外， 虽然有许多建筑物或交通工具己经采用太阳能板作为辅助的电 力来源，例如装设于建筑物的墙壁壁面、或非建筑物上 (诸如交通工具的顶 部），但太阳能板的发电效率仍受制于本身面积的大小， 而无法在相同面积 与等量光线之下有效提高发电的效率。
再者， 现行的太阳能板在结合建筑物或交通工具使用时， 为了使其能 维持发电时的稳定性， 势必装设于日照充足的场所， 如建筑物或非建筑物 的向阳面、 车顶等， 而日照长时间照射下， 热能容易透过辐射或传导等方 式， 进到建筑物或交通工具内部， 导致温度升高， 造成生活上的不便。
为了提高太阳能板的发电效率， 遂发展出另一种双面照光的太阳能电 池模块， 所述太阳能电池模块设有双面的太阳能板， 将可双面照光的太阳 能电池模块倾斜设置， 令其上太阳能板表面朝上， 以直接吸收太阳能的照 射光， 并在太阳能电池模块的背光位置水平面设置有一反射板， 以便利用 所述反射板将太阳光反射至下太阳能板， 进而达到双面照光的目的者。
但， 由于此种双面照光的太阳电池模块需要较大的反射空间， 导致具 有体积大、 占面积的缺点， 且于午后时， 背光位置将无法提供反射光给下 太阳能板， 而受限于利用时间。
再如中国台湾省专利公报公告号第 536063号新型专利，公开一种太阳 能光电模块， 所述太阳能光电模块包括一具有双面吸收光的太阳能板以及 一位于所述太阳能电池模块的背光位置的背光模块， 且所述背光模块的侧 边突起而环设于所述太阳能电池模块的周围， 利用所述背光模块的侧边聚 光突起部位进行聚光作用， 提供光源给太阳能光电模块的太阳能板吸收， 以藉此达到双面吸收光的特性。
但是， 此种以背光模块周边设置聚光突起部位的技术， 虽然能将太阳 光再次供应到太阳能板， 然突起高度受制于整体太阳能光电模块的厚度， 导致再次提供至太阳能板的光源有限， 无法有效提高发电效率。 再者， 目 前所需要的光电模块除了要具备环保节能的特性外， 也需要满足重量轻、 厚度薄等特性， 而上述的太阳能光电模块必须要额外设置聚光突起部位， 除了导致整体厚度提高， 丧失轻薄的特点外， 也不利于组装与制造。
另夕卜，诸如中国台湾省专利公报公告号第 M325607号新型专利公开一 种以单芯片控制具有羽翼式平面镜的太阳能板装置， 主要配合太阳光线追 踪装置来调整太阳能板， 使太阳能板和太阳光线能保持在近乎垂直状态。 同时， 在太阳能板的长侧边辅助设计可以改变倾斜角的平面镜， 将垂直于 太阳板以外的光线， 经过平面镜反射之后的垂直分量， 可以将垂直于太阳 板以外的光线再利用， 以提升太阳能板的光电转换能量。
但是， 此种专利技术必须调整太阳能板及倾转额外设置的平面镜， 故 在结构相对较为复杂， 成本自然相对提高。 而且， 对于一般采固定设置的 太阳能板， 势难以达成移动太阳能板的目的； 换言之， 此种专利技术无法 应用于既有建筑物或非建筑物中， 而需要重新进行配置。
发明内容
本发明的一目的， 在于提供一种可提升发电效率与具有隔热功能的光 电模块。
本发明的又一目的， 在于提供一种具有广泛应用功能的光电模块。 为达上述目的及其它目的， 本发明提供一种「光电模块」， 所述光电模 块包括光电组件， 所述光电组件的表面设有反射隔热件； 如此一来， 当入 射的光线通过所述光电组件时， 可由所述光电组件进行光电转换产生电 能， 而光线照射到所述反射隔热件后， 还可令部份光线通过所述反射隔热 件且其它的光线则由所述反射隔热件予以反射， 使反射后的光线再次穿过 所述光电组件， 而增加所述光电组件可进行光电转换产生电能的光线量。 藉此， 所述光电组件可进行多次的光电转换， 有效提升发电效率。
前述的光电模块中，还可包括设于所述反射隔热件底部的板材， 其中， 建材、 或其它建筑物与非建筑物。 在一实施态样中， 所述光电模块可包括 用于容置所述板材、 所述反射隔热件、 以及所述光电组件的框体， 而所述 框体则可直接装设于一般建筑的窗户、 天窗、 壁面等， 达到便利施工、 搬 等实用进步性。
与现有技术相比， 本发明所述的光电模块， 采用了反射隔热件， 当光 线照射时产生的热能， 如热辐射等， 可通过所述反射隔热件将的部分反射 或隔离， 使热能不会全部通过所述光电模块， 故可达到隔热的效果。
附图说明
图 1是本发明第一实施例的立体图。
图 2是本发明第一实施例的侧视图。
图 3是本发明第二实施例的立体图。
图 4图是本发明第三实施例的立体剖视图。
图 5至图 7是本发明的变化例的剖视图。
图 8是本发明的使用示意图。
图 9是本发明的另一使用示意图。
图 10是本发明的再一使用示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图， 对本发明上述的和另外的技术特征及优点做更详细的 说明。
请参阅图 1、 图 2所示， 分别为本发明第一实施例的立体图与侧视图， 如图所示， 本实施例的光电模块 1 包括反射隔热件 (reflective insulating element) 10、 以及光电组件 11。
所述反射隔热件 10可为热反射薄膜、热反射薄板或其它可将通过所述 光电组件 11 的光线加以反射之等效组件， 也即， 只要可将诸如太阳光照 射所产生的热辐射、 光线等进行反射并且达成隔热的功能， 均适用于本发 明。 再者， 可依照使用时的需求， 设置为可透光、 半透光或不同透光程度 的反射隔热件 10; 例如， 设置于建筑物中的屋顶、 墙壁等建材表面时， 则 所述反射隔热件 10可为不透光的组件， 若设置于玻璃、 天窗等板材或其 它非建筑物中的时， 则所述反射隔热件 10可为不透光或半透光的组件。
本实施例以隔热膜为例说明所述反射隔热件 10, 更具体而言， 所述反 射隔热件 10可为用来阻隔阳光热源的隔热膜、 多层隔热膜贴片、 具有适 当厚度的聚酯 (polyester, PET)薄膜、 或其它等效膜层。 以多层隔热膜贴片 来说， 可使用由多层基膜结合多层抗光线层以及抗刮耐磨层， 以在兼顾可 见光透光率的前提下， 达到隔热效果佳， 以及依需要选择地提高多层隔热 膜贴片的抗红外线、 抗紫外线或抗刮耐磨功效。 而就 PET薄膜来说， 为了 使 PET薄膜具有较佳的抗红外线及抗紫外线能力， 也可在 PET薄膜的表 覆盖含有例如镍、 银、 铝、 铬等金属的金属层、 或者增加含有机染料的染 色层。
应注意的是， 虽本实施例中的反射隔热件 10是一独立构件， 可透过接 着剂、 光学胶液、 光学胶带等， 将所述反射隔热件 10胶合于所述光电组 件 11表面。 但， 在其它实施例中， 所述反射隔热件 10也可为一体设置于 所述光电组件 11的膜层。 举例来说， 可在所述光电组件 11一表面上依序 涂布具有中反射率的涂层、具有高反射率的涂层、以及具低反射率的涂层， 以构成所述反射隔热件 10。 同时， 所述反射隔热件 10也非以前述隔热膜、 多层隔热膜贴片、及 PET薄膜为限，也可为纳米结构光学隔热膜片或其它 兼具反射与隔热功能的等效组件。
所述光电组件 11可为非晶硅太阳能板、 单晶硅太阳能板、 多结晶硅太 阳能板， 或相关以硅晶圆结合半导体制造产制的太阳能板； 或者， 所述光 电组件 11 可为薄膜太阳能板， 其材料包括例如微晶硅 (Nanocrystalline Silicon, nc - Si, 也被称为 Microcrystalline Silicon, mc - Si)、 铜铟石西化物 (Copper Indium Diselenide , CIS , 或者 Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide , CIGS)、 多接面砷化镓 (GaAs Multijuction)、 色素敏化染料 (Dye - Sensitized Solar Cell)、 有机导电高分子 (Organic/polymer solar cells)等。 换言之， 所述 光电组件 11 可为本实施例所述的太阳能板或其它太阳能板， 而由于所述 多个太阳能板的种类与结构均为现有， 故于此不再一一说明。
在本实施例中，所述光电组件 11以具有高透光率与低反射率等特性者 为例作说明。 当例如太阳光等光线穿过所述光电组件 11 时， 所述光电组 件 11进行光电转换产生电能， 所述电能可由所述光电组件 11所连接的导 线 110对外传输。 由于诸如太阳能板的光电组件 11属现有者， 故于此不 再详加说明。
通过上述结构， 当太阳光等入射光 2于接触到所述光电组件 11时， 首 先由所述光电组件 11进行光电转换产生电能， 而所述入射光 2穿过所述 光电组件 11照射到所述反射隔热件 10时， 所述反射隔热件 10可将部份 的入射光 2进行反射，经反射后的反射光 2可接触并穿过所述光电组件 11。 如此， 当所述光电组件 11在进行光电转换时， 除了所述入射光 2可作为 光电转换的光能来源外， 经所述反射隔热件 10反射后的反射光 2可进一 步增加光能来源， 达到提高出光电转换的发电效率。
再者， 太阳光等光线持续照射本实施例的光电模块 1时， 所述反射隔 热件 10除了反射所述入射光 2之外， 同时把热辐射等进行反射或隔离， 而能有效将热能隔绝在外， 达到隔热的功能。
请参阅 「图 3」所示， 是依本发明第二实施例所绘制的立体图， 如图 所示， 本实施例的光电模块 1还包括设于所述反射隔热件 10底部的板材 12, 其中所述反射隔热件 10是设于所述板材 12与所述光电组件 11之间。 所述板材 12依照使用场所或使用时的需求而决定， 本实施例中的板材 12 可为例如玻璃， 诸如窗户、 天窗、 橱窗等所使用的玻璃； 当然， 在其它实 施例中所述板材 12或可为建筑物的墙壁、 屋顶、 屋檐、 建筑用的建材。 也即， 所述板材 12可为用于固定所述反射隔热件 10与所述光电组件 11 的固定件。 而且， 所述反射隔热件 10与所述光电组件 11如图 1、 图 2所 示， 故不赘述。
在本实施例中， 可例如以接着剂、 光学胶液、 光学胶带等， 将所述反 射隔热件 10、所述光电组件 11与所述板材 12相互胶合为所述光电模块 1 , 或者， 直接将所述反射隔热件 10—体设置于所述板材 12表面或一体设置 于所述光电组件 11表面。
在本实施例中，所述反射隔热件 10可与前述第一实施例一样应用隔热 膜、 多层隔热膜贴片、 及 PET薄膜； 或者， 可在所述光电组件 11或所述 板材 12上涂布不同反射率的涂层作为， 例如橱窗玻璃， 透镜等之上； 或 者， 采用诸如低辐射玻璃 (Low - E Glass) 的镀膜玻璃， 其中低辐射 (Low - E)玻璃具有高透明、 低眩光率、 以及较佳的辐射热阻绝效果， 并可分为 在线镀膜低辐射 (Hard Low - E)玻璃、 离线镀镆低辐射 (Soft Low - E)玻璃、 以及薄膜镀镆低辐射 (PET Low - E)玻璃等。 由于 Low - E玻璃的结构与作 用原理均为现有， 故于此不再多作说明。 此外， 高反射率的隔热膜除了可 以增加发电效率与隔热隔音外， 另外还可改善前部材透光模块的透视清晰 度， 使原本透视模糊的状态， 改变成透视清晰的状态， 主要原因为光的折 射与散射的原理。
本实施例的光电模块 1可结合于一般建筑用的建材、 玻璃、 或其它板 材等， 在太阳光等光线照射时， 可提高所述光电组件 11 的光电转换时的 发电效率并兼具隔热功能。
请参阅图 4所示， 是依本发明第三实施例所绘制的立体剖视图， 如图 所示， 本发明的光电模块 1除了具有前述的反射隔热件 10、 光电组件 11 与板材 12外， 更进一步包括有框体 3, 其可为窗户用的窗框、 车用天窗的 窗框或建筑物用的框架等， 则所述反射隔热件 10、 所述光电组件 11与所 述板材 12以接着剂、 光学胶液、 光学胶带等， 胶合为所述光电模块 1之 后， 即可组入所述框体 3内部， 这样， 所述光电模块 1可直接装设于一般 建筑物或非建筑物的壁面上， 而具有快速安装、 便利运输等实用进步性。
再者， 为了提高所述光电模块 1的隔热效果， 可使部分构件之间具有 间隙。
如图 5所示， 可改变图 4的结构， 使所述反射隔热件 10与所述板材 12之间具有间隙， 而形成一中空层 120; 或者， 如图 6所示， 可使所述板 材 12、所述反射隔热件 10、 以及所述光电组件 11之间均具有间隙， 亦即， 分隔设置所述反射隔热件 10、 所述光电组件 11、 以及所述板材 12之间， 而形成二中空层 120; 或者， 如图 7所示， 使所述反射隔热件 10与所述光 电组件 11之间具有间隙， 而形成一中空层 120。 如此， 太阳光等光线照射 所述光电组件 11时，除了由所述反射隔热件 10将热辐射等进行反射 /隔离 之外， 进一步由所述中空层 120将所述反射隔热件 10、 所述光电组件 11 与所述板材 12间的热传导进行隔离， 进而能提高隔热效果。
请参阅图 8、 图 9所示， 是本发明的使用状态使用示意图， 如图 8所 示， 所述框体 3是设置于建筑物 4的壁面， 所述框体 3内部则如第三实施 例具有前述的反射隔热件 10、光电组件 11与板材 12(图 8中仅显示光电组 件 11)。 如图 9所示， 是本发明的另一使用状态示意图， 建筑物 4具有屋 顶 40, 屋顶 40表面设有所述光电模块 1; 而且， 由于所述光电模块 1是 设置于所述屋顶 40, 若不希望太阳光等光线进入所述建筑物 4内部， 则所 述反射隔热件 10可设置为不透光的反射隔热件。 如图 10所示， 是本发明 的再一使用状态示意图， 诸如汽车的交通工具 5具有天窗， 第二实施例的 光电模块 1可设于所述天窗； 或者， 可选择在所述天窗设置第三实施例的 光电模块， 也或直接将前述不同实施例的光电模块设于车顶， 而非局限于 此。
请参阅全部附图所示， 本发明相较于现有技术， 可达成的功效如下： 一、 光电模块 1的光电组件 11设有反射隔热件 10, 而所述反射隔热件 10 兼具有反射光线与进行隔热的功能， 因此， 所述光电组件 11 进行光电转 换产生电能时， 其光源除了来自太阳光等光线的直接照射外， 同时接收所 述反射隔热件 10反射的光线， 进行再次的光电转换产生电能， 这样， 相 较于现有太阳能板的发电效率受制于面积大小， 无法有效提高发电效率的 缺失， 达到本发明不改变所述光电组件 11 的面积下， 便可直接提高发电 效率的实用进步性。
二、 光电模块 1的反射隔热件 10主要可将光线， 如太阳光照射所产生 的热辐射、 光线等进行反射或隔离， 这样， 所述光电模块 1在使用时， 可 装设于窗户、 玻璃等可透光的板材 12上， 相较于现有太阳能板容易导致 建筑物或交通工具内温度上升的缺失， 达到本发明于使用时， 可同时具有 隔热功能的实用进步性。
以上说明对本发明而言只是说明性的， 而非限制性的， 本领域普通技 术人员理解， 在不脱离以下所附权利要求所限定的精神和范围的情况下， 可做出许多修改， 变化， 或等效， 但都将落入本发明的保护范围内。

Claims

要 求
1.一种光电模块， 包括光电组件， 其特征在于： 所述光电组件的表面设 有反射隔热件。
2.如权利要求 1所述的光电模块， 其特征在于， 所述光电模块还包括设 于所述反射隔热件底部的板材， 所述反射隔热件设于所述板材与所述光电 组件之间。
3.如权利要求 2所述的光电模块， 其特征在于， 所述板材为玻璃或建材。
4.如权利要求 2所述的光电模块， 其特征在于， 所述光电模块还包括用 于容置所述板材、 所述反射隔热件、 以及所述光电组件的框体。
5.如权利要求 4所述的光电模块， 其特征在于， 所述板材与所述反射隔
6.如权利要求 2所述的光电模块， 其特征在于， 所述反射隔热件一体设 置于所述板材或一体设置所述光电组件。
7.如权利要求 1所述的光电模块， 其特征在于， 所述反射隔热件选自隔 热膜、多层隔热膜贴片、聚酯薄膜、及低辐射玻璃所组成群组的其中之一。
8.如权利要求 1所述的光电模块， 其特征在于， 所述光电组件为太阳能 板。
9.如权利要求 8所述的光电模块， 其特征在于， 所述太阳能板是选自非 晶硅太阳能板、 单晶硅太阳能板、 多结晶硅太阳能板、 薄膜太阳能板、 以 及硅晶圆结合半导体加工制造的太阳能板所组成群的其中之一。
10.如权利要求 9所述的光电模块， 其特征在于， 所述太阳能板是选自微 晶硅， 铜铟硒化物、 多接面砷化镓、 色素敏化染料、 以及有机导电高分子 所组成群组的其中之一材料所制成的薄膜太阳能板。
PCT/CN2009/074405 2008-10-13 2009-10-12 一种光电模块 WO2010043169A1 (zh)

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