WO2010020662A1 - Réacteur à convoyeur à vis d’archimède - Google Patents

Réacteur à convoyeur à vis d’archimède Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010020662A1
WO2010020662A1 PCT/EP2009/060735 EP2009060735W WO2010020662A1 WO 2010020662 A1 WO2010020662 A1 WO 2010020662A1 EP 2009060735 W EP2009060735 W EP 2009060735W WO 2010020662 A1 WO2010020662 A1 WO 2010020662A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
screw conveyor
bulk material
reactor
section
cross
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2009/060735
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Wiest
Jörg HO
Original Assignee
Universität Kassel
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universität Kassel filed Critical Universität Kassel
Priority to EP09782003A priority Critical patent/EP2326415A1/fr
Publication of WO2010020662A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010020662A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
    • B01J19/20—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside in the form of helices, e.g. screw reactors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/28—Moving reactors, e.g. rotary drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J6/00—Heat treatments such as Calcining; Fusing ; Pyrolysis
    • B01J6/001—Calcining
    • B01J6/002—Calcining using rotating drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G33/00—Screw or rotary spiral conveyors
    • B65G33/08—Screw or rotary spiral conveyors for fluent solid materials
    • B65G33/14—Screw or rotary spiral conveyors for fluent solid materials comprising a screw or screws enclosed in a tubular housing
    • B65G33/22—Screw or rotary spiral conveyors for fluent solid materials comprising a screw or screws enclosed in a tubular housing with means for retarding material flow at the delivery end of the housing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B7/00—Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven
    • C10B7/10—Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven with conveyor-screws
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/005—Rotary drum or kiln gasifiers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/18—Details relating to the spatial orientation of the reactor
    • B01J2219/182—Details relating to the spatial orientation of the reactor horizontal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/18—Details relating to the spatial orientation of the reactor
    • B01J2219/187—Details relating to the spatial orientation of the reactor inclined at an angle to the horizontal or to the vertical plane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/19—Details relating to the geometry of the reactor
    • B01J2219/194—Details relating to the geometry of the reactor round
    • B01J2219/1941—Details relating to the geometry of the reactor round circular or disk-shaped
    • B01J2219/1943—Details relating to the geometry of the reactor round circular or disk-shaped cylindrical
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/158—Screws
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C10J2300/092—Wood, cellulose
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0966—Hydrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0969—Carbon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0983—Additives
    • C10J2300/0986—Catalysts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a reactor in which a bulk material is conveyed with an Archimedean screw conveyor.
  • the patent application DE 2006 013 617 A1 of the applicant discloses a biomass gasifier with a rotary tube reactor, which has a hollow-cylindrical housing heated from the outside, which is provided with a longitudinal axis inclined relative to the horizontal in rotation about its longitudinal axis.
  • a biomass that forms a bulk material for example from corn, cherry kernels, husks, straw, peat, charcoal, sewage sludge and sludge, possibly with supplemental certain amounts of vegetable oils or animal fats, is fed to the rotary kiln reactor in the region of its higher end face.
  • a solid fuel is produced to form a hot reaction zone with temperatures of 700 0 C to 950 0 C and under application of a gas.
  • the solid fuel produced is removed from the rotary tube reactor via a screw conveyor.
  • a residue discharge line formed by the screw conveyor also passes through the first end face.
  • DE 40 1 1 882 discloses a rotary tube to which granules are fed in an inlet area. According to the number of revolutions of the rotary tube, the granules are conveyed through a tightly installed between a soul of the rotary tube and the outer housing of the rotary tube coil in the direction of an exit. Contrary to the conveying direction of the granules, the rotary tube is flowed through with a gas which is CO 2 -free or has a low CO 2 content.
  • the inner surface of the housing of the rotary tube is provided with lifting blades.
  • the closed coils should be a back mixing of the conveyed be avoided, so that a narrow residence time spectrum is given for the granules and each particulate undergoes the same conditions and the output side has the same properties.
  • lifting blades calcination a Granalienschleier is generated, which can be traversed by gas, which adhering dust particles can be removed.
  • the pitch of the helix in the entry area of the granules appears to be greater than in the exit area of the granulate.
  • DE 29 22 041 A1 discloses a reactor for the pyrolysis of waste substances. Here promotes one
  • Conveying the pyrolysis with decreasing from the entry end to the discharge end speed This can be done by a decreasing pitch of a screw conveyor.
  • the decreasing conveying speed should be adapted to a change in volume of the pyrolysis product through the pyrolysis between entry and discharge end, so that ultimately results in a constant degree of filling.
  • a spirally wound tube which has a rectangular hollow cross-section is used in a heat exchanger.
  • the tube is used similar to an Archimedean screw, wherein in the interior of the tube additional lifting blades can be used to mix the particle flow in the Archimedean screw. It is mentioned in the document that it is advantageous if a lower cross-section of the spirally wound tube is completely filled with the solid particles, so that a gas which in addition to the solid particles should flow through the tube for interaction with the solid particles, is forced through the solid particles and can not bypass by a bypass of the solid particles, which could be formed by a free cross-section of the tube.
  • a control of such a complete filling of the lower cross-section of the spiral tube is made on the interpretation of the Archimedean screw, the angle of inclination of the Archimedean screw and immersion conditions of the Archimedean screw in a storage container for the solid particles and the rotational speed of the Archimedean screw.
  • the radial gaps form a kind of bypass, in which a reaction gas flowing through the conveyor does not flow through the bulk material, but instead passes from one passage of the spiral-shaped channel into the nearest passage.
  • the sealing measures must be temperature-resistant and be able to compensate for any differences in thermal expansions.
  • a cross-sectional constriction so this has an undesirable compression of the bulk material result, which also leads to an increase in the drive torque of the screw extruder.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a reactor with improved reaction possibilities between a conveyed with an Archimedean screw conveyor bulk material and a gas flowing through the screw conveyor.
  • the present invention is initially based on the finding that for a reactor of the type mentioned here, the conveying in a rotary kiln, in the radially inner lying of conveying elements such as lifting blades or free from the housing of the rotary kiln inwardly extending coils longitudinally extending through channels formed be disadvantageous.
  • Reason for this is that these passageways Forming flow channels for the gas, which constitute a bypass for the gas, so that it does not necessarily have to pass through the bulk material.
  • the invention is based on the finding that the use of a conventional screw conveyor with a stationary housing is disadvantageous because compared to a screw conveyor, in which the screw is rotated together with the housing, there is a reduced effect of mixing or tumbling of the bulk material.
  • this effect is desired for the mixing and loosening of the bulk material and for bringing about the contact between gas and bulk material.
  • a spiral-shaped gas-tight channel is formed between the screw conveyor, housing and core, which must pass both the gas and the bulk material in cocurrent or in countercurrent.
  • a reaction between the gas and the bulk material is thus made possible.
  • the reaction may be a primary reaction desired in the reactor, such as the pyrolysis described in DE 10 2006 013 617 A1 or the secondary reaction described in the same document in the form of an integrated secondary degradation of the product gas.
  • the present invention is based on the finding that it can also come to an unwanted bypass for the gas on the conveyed bulk material in said helical gas-tight channel, if the channel is not at least partially completely filled, so a sufficient degree of filling of the channel not is guaranteed.
  • the Volumetric flow of the bulk material is small and on the other hand, the volume flow of the gas is large. So that the pressure losses are not too large for the said large gas volume flow, a large cross section of the channel is desired. With the large cross section of the channel to control the pressure losses on the one hand and the small cross section of the channel to reduce the volume flow of the bulk material on the other hand, a seemingly unresolvable conflict of objectives or an optimization problem is given.
  • the invention provides surprising remedy:
  • a damming element is provided in the exit region of the Archimedean screw conveyor, which serves to form a backflow of the bulk material or of the starting product of the reaction of the bulk material with the gas.
  • a baffle element according to the invention is understood to mean any component or design element which leads to a backflow of the bulk material or a change in the degree of filling with respect to an exit of the bulk material from the exit region without a baffle element.
  • the storage element allows a volume flow of the bulk material, which is smaller than the volume flow of the Archimedean screw conveyor arising in itself.
  • the baffle element is formed with an outlet opening arranged, for example, on the front side, which does not allow a free exit of the bulk material, but has a reduced outlet cross-section, so that the outlet opening - in simple terms - for the promotion of the bulk material is a kind of "throttle" forms.
  • the effective exit orifice is only 75%, 50%, 40% or 30% of the effective cross section of the channel.
  • the soul of the Archimedean screw conveyor is formed at least in the exit region as a hollow body.
  • the core has a recess, which forms a crossover cross section from an end region of the channel to the interior of the hollow body. From this interior of the hollow body, the bulk material can then be transported away.
  • the exit area can rotate with the soul, so that the exit region for a revolution time of the screw conveyor is arranged a certain percentage of the revolution duration (period A) in the bulk material and for another percentage of the revolution period (period B) outside the same. Only during the period A, a passage of the bulk material from the channel into the interior of the hollow body can take place.
  • a baffle element is formed in that an outlet cross-section is not constantly effective, but only intermittently or temporarily.
  • This embodiment of the invention makes it possible for the outlet cross section to be chosen to be just as large or larger than the cross section of the channel. This has the advantage that no throttle or nozzle is formed for the flowing gas through the outlet cross section, whereby the flow cross sections in the reactor would be reduced and the requirements for providing the pressure and the volume flow for the gas would be increased.
  • the hollow body may have an archimedean screw conveyor continuing tubular extension which is inclined relative to the horizontal in the conveying direction upwards.
  • the upper edge of the tubular extension defines the height h up to which the bulk material in the extension can correspond to the bulk cone without bulk material being discharged.
  • a discharge from the tubular extension takes place only for bulk material which is conveyed by the Archimedean screw conveyor beyond said height h up to a height H> h.
  • a kind of overflow is formed according to the invention, wherein the extension or its length specifies the height of the "overflow edge".
  • the tubular extension has its own conveyor, which may be, for example, a further Archimedean screw or the present before the exit area Archimedean screw.
  • Screw conveyor arranged a metering screw. This can feed an internal rotary tube reactor, with an untypical high filling level of about 50% can be and wherein the dosing screw performed does not affect the discharge characteristics to a considerable extent.
  • any other component may be connected to the exit region of the Archimedean screw conveyor according to the invention, which may also be a supplementary conveyor.
  • the exit region of the Archimedean screw conveyor at the end of a first part of the conveyor belt Archimedean screw conveyor may be present, being brought about in this sub-conveying area by the inventive measure and the device of the desired degree of filling.
  • a further conveyance can take place through the subsequent partial conveying region of the Archimedean screw conveyor, wherein in this subregion the degree of filling is possibly reduced in comparison with the first-mentioned partial conveying region.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section through an Archimedean
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a reactor according to the invention with an Archimedean screw conveyor with a storage element in the form of a reduced outlet cross-section.
  • Fig. 3 shows an Archimedean used in a reactor according to the invention
  • Fig. 4 shows an Archimedean screw conveyor for use in a reactor according to the invention, in which a metering screw feeds an internal rotary tube reactor.
  • Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of a reactor according to the invention with Archimedean screw conveyor with baffle element.
  • 6 and 7 show simplified schematic diagrams of a screw conveyor according to the invention, indicating the markings for the selected geometric relationships.
  • Fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a screw conveyor according to the invention with a
  • Fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of a screw conveyor according to the invention with an annular narrowed outlet cross-section, indicating the selected designations for the geometric relationships. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
  • Fig. 1 shows an Archimedean screw conveyor 1, which is part of a reactor 2.
  • the Archimedean screw conveyor 1 is formed with a housing 3, which has a hollow cylindrical surface 4 and is for example tubular in shape with a longitudinal axis 5-5. Coaxial with the longitudinal axis 5-5 extends in the housing 3, a spiral, helical screw conveyor 6, which has a constant pitch for the illustrated embodiments. Deviating is also a varying slope of the screw conveyor 6 possible, u. U. also with a decreasing with increasing extent and conveying direction diameter of the screw conveyor with in this case also decreasing diameter of the housing 4.
  • the screw conveyor 6 is firmly connected to the housing 3 with sealing.
  • Radial inside the screw conveyor 6 is arranged by a coaxially to the longitudinal axis 5-5, extending through the entire housing 4 extending soul 7, which is rigidly connected for the illustrated embodiments with the screw conveyor 6.
  • the longitudinal axis 5-5 is inclined at an angle 8 relative to the horizontal 9.
  • the core 7, the screw conveyor 6 and the housing 4 are rotated together about a suitable controlled drive unit about the longitudinal axis 5-5 in rotation.
  • a spiral around the longitudinal axis 5-5 circumferential channel 10 is formed. This has a rectangular cross-section 1 1, which is constant over the extension of the channel 10 for the illustrated embodiments.
  • the cross section 11 is radially outwardly bounded by the lateral surface 4, radially inwardly through the outer surface 12 of the soul 7, on the right in Fig. 1 side through the bottom 13 of the screw conveyor 6 and on the left in Fig. 1 by the screw conveyor 1 has an inlet region 15, from which a conveyed material, here a bulk material 16, is conveyed in a conveying direction 17 through the channel 10 to an outlet region 18. If the inlet region 15 dips into an inlet container 19 providing sufficient bulk material 16, the conveying behavior shown in FIG. 1 results after the transient initial conveying behavior of the screw conveyor 1 according to the prior art.
  • the bulk material 16 enters and exits unhindered in the inlet region 15 and the outlet region 18, wherein for example the end faces of the screw conveyor 1 for forming the inlet region 15 and the outlet region 18 are open with an annular inlet opening 20 and an annular outlet opening 21.
  • a bulk cone 22 forms in the channel 10.
  • a vertically oriented cross section 23 of the channel 10 on the Bottom of the screw conveyor 1 results in a gray marked partial cross-section 24, which is filled with bulk material 16.
  • There remains a partial cross-section 25 which is not filled with bulk material 16. From the underlying cross section 23, the partial cross section 25 increases with a corresponding reduction of the partial cross section 24 in the further course of the channel 10 in the direction of the top.
  • the channel 10 of the partial cross-section 25 forms a partial channel 26 with varying cross-section, which is not filled with bulk material 16 and each has a maximum and a minimum cross section for a turn.
  • a gas is passed through the screw conveyor 1 in the cocurrent or countercurrent principle, that is, through the channel 10.
  • the desired purpose of intensive contact and the most extensive reaction between gas 27 and bulk material 16 can not be brought about: Instead of a movement of the gas 27 at least in the lower cross section 23 "through" the bulk material 16 is with the partial cross section 25 created a kind of bypass.
  • the gas 27 can move along the sub-channel 26, so that in the worst case only a contact between gas 27 and bulk material 16 in the region of the top of the bulk material 16 in the region of the bulk cone 22 takes place.
  • the bulk material is fed via a feed channel 28 to the inlet container 19, from which the bulk material 16 is conveyed with a screw conveyor 1 to the outlet container 29.
  • a feed channel 31 for the gas which passes after passing through the channel 10 of the screw conveyor 1 in the inlet container 19, from where it is eliminated via a discharge channel 32. 2
  • the outlet opening 21 is formed in the outlet region 18 with a reduced cross-section, so that the outlet region 18 with the reduced cross-section forms a blocking element 33.
  • the baffle element 33 leads to a kind of hindrance of the discharge of the bulk material, so that it comes in the screw conveyor 1 to a backlog, which manifests itself in an increase in the degree of filling of the screw conveyor 1 with bulk material 16.
  • the size of the partial cross section 25 has been reduced to zero in the underlying cross section 23 of the channel 10, so that here the bulk material 16 lies completely against the underside 13 of the conveyor worm 6.
  • one or more outlet openings 21 can be provided here, preferably below the core 7.
  • the outlet opening 21 can be effective with the rotation to varying degrees.
  • an exit opening 21 may extend farther in the circumferential direction so that it is effective for larger angles of rotation, or several exit openings may be distributed over the circumference.
  • the cross section of the outlet opening 21 or overall cross section of the effective outlet openings is in this case, for example, smaller than the cross section 23, preferably less than 75, 50, 40 or 35% of the cross section 23rd
  • the core 7 passes through an end face 34 of the housing 4 with an extension 35.
  • the core 7 and the extension 35 are hollow with a hollow body 49 formed to form an interior space 36, which is bounded by the inner circumferential surface of the soul 7, in the conveying direction 17 has an outlet opening 37 which is disposed in front of the housing 4, and opposite to the conveying direction 17 is closed by a bottom 38.
  • soul 7 and extension 35 are provided with a continuous tube, in which the bottom 38 is introduced.
  • the core 7 has a recess 39, which forms a crossover cross section from the upstream end region of the channel 10 to the inner space 36.
  • the bulk material 16 enter after passing through the channel 10 through the recess 39 into the interior 36, from where the bulk material 16 is conveyed with further Nachnote through the outlet opening 37, for example in the outlet container 29.
  • the recess 39 runs around the longitudinal axis 5-5, so that the recess 39 dips with different orientations in the bulk material 16 and possibly for upper recess 39 can escape completely from the bulk material 16. This has the consequence that the recess 39 forms with the rotation, ie over time, a time-effective exit surface from the screw conveyor.
  • the Recess 39 there may be a kind of "digging or cutting" movement of the recess 39 with entry of the contour 40 in the bulk material 16 and / or the movement of the contour 40 through the bulk material 16.
  • the Recess 39, a first storage element 41 available.
  • the end face 34 is formed closed except for the cavity 36 with outlet opening 37, so that the bulk material 16 must imperceptibly pass through the recess 39 in order to get out of the screw conveyor 1 addition.
  • a further baffle element 45 is connected behind said baffle 41, which is formed by the extension 35.
  • the sketched bulk cone 22 of the bulk material 16 forms in the interior 36.
  • An ejection of bulk material from the outlet opening 37 requires a conveying of bulk material 16 in the region of the outlet opening over the height, which is predetermined by the bulk cone 22.
  • the height 43 of a trailing edge 44 can thus be predetermined over the length 42, which in turn determines the height over which the bulk material has to be conveyed by the bulk material conveyor 1.
  • the discharge can be reduced, so that a second damming element 45 is formed with the extension 35.
  • the baffle elements 41, 45 are cumulative effective in the embodiment of FIG. 3, but these can also be used individually in a different embodiment.
  • a screw conveyor 1 configured essentially in accordance with FIG. 3 is integrated into a reactor.
  • a metering screw 46 can be supplied through the bulk material from a container, which is arranged on the discharge side of the screw conveyor 1 through the interior 36 and the bottom 38 in the interior of the soul. From here, the bulk material moves due to the inclination of the soul 7 with the angle 8 to the left lower end of the interior of the soul 7, from where the bulk material through an opening 50 of the soul 7 in a thus formed inlet region 15 into the channel 10 of the screw conveyor 1 enters.
  • the interior of the core 7 is formed in this case as a heated rotary kiln 47, so that in the interior of the soul 7, a primary reaction of the bulk material can take place and in the promotion of the bulk material by the screw conveyor 1, a secondary reaction can take place.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 4 is characterized by a good thermal efficiency due to the radially nested arrangement of dosing screw 46 with the screw conveyor 1.
  • there is a particularly compact design for which under certain circumstances, the arrangement of all feed channels and Abcommendedkanäle for the reacting media on one side of the reactor 2, here the exit side of the screw conveyor 1, can take place.
  • a heated rotary kiln 47 is disposed radially outwardly of the screw conveyor 1.
  • the rotary kiln 47 on the one hand and screw conveyor 1 on the other hand are arranged coaxially to the longitudinal axis 5-5, wherein the conveying directions of rotary kiln 47 and screw conveyor 1 are opposite to each other.
  • the rotary kiln 47 In the inlet region 48 of the rotary kiln 47, which is in the illustrated embodiment on the same axial extent as the exit region 18 of the screw conveyor 1, the rotary kiln 47 is supplied by a radially outwardly disposed from the screw conveyor 1 import port by means of a metering screw 46 bulk 16, which moves along the rotary kiln 47 of FIG. 5 to the left. At the left lower end of the rotary kiln 47, the bulk material then enters the screw conveyor 1 in the inlet region 15.
  • the screw conveyor 1 fulfills two functions, namely on the one hand the application of reacted bulk material 16 from a rotary kiln and on the other hand, the integrated into the screw conveyor 1 secondary degradation.
  • the screw conveyor 1 and the rotary kiln 47 may be operated at the same or different rotational speeds. Also possible is an operation of the rotary kiln 47 at a speed for stationary screw conveyor 1 and vice versa. It is also possible that in a reactor deviating from the illustrated coaxial arrangements of screw conveyor 1 and rotary kiln 47 of the screw conveyor 1 and the rotary kiln 47 have different inclination angles relative to the horizontal 9.
  • an additional gasification medium line can open, with the additional gasification agent such as air, hydrogen, carbon dioxide or a combination thereof can be passed into the reaction zone.
  • a solid line can also lead into the rotary kiln 47, via which further solids, such as, for example, catalysts and / or promoters, can be introduced for further optimization of the gasification process.
  • peat, charcoal, sewage sludge and sludge, animal waste such as animal meal as a bulk material 16 is possible.
  • vegetable oils animal fats and industrial oils and fats can be used in certain quantities.
  • a rotary kiln 47 are preferably used temperatures of 700 0 C to 950 0 C use.
  • a pyrolysis can take place in which form various gaseous and condensable substances and a solid consisting essentially of carbon pyrolysate. It is understood that the gasification is substoichiometric.
  • the bulk material such as biomass, is converted into solid fuels, which can have such a high calorific value that they can be used economically.
  • the pyrolysis is preferably carried out in the rotary kiln 47, which can be done outside or inside the core 7 of the reactor 2.
  • the rotary kiln 47 is in this case in particular an inlet container 19.
  • the gas reacting with the bulk material may be an externally supplied gas passing through the reactor. It is also possible that at least part of the gas is formed by reaction in the reactor 2.
  • FIGS. 6 to 9 give design aids for the dimensioning of the reactor 2 and the screw conveyor 1 according to the invention.
  • V bk ⁇ n- (D -dy with ⁇ ⁇ k 1 ⁇ 1 and n in 1 / s.
  • V V 1 - V 2 ,
  • V 1 denotes the bulk volume in the housing or the cladding tube
  • V 2 denotes the blocked volume of the inner tube
  • h h 0 - / tan ⁇ h with r as radius and h as height of the segment, provided that: / ⁇ tan ⁇
  • V 1 I - D 2 (, " ⁇ (ml) i ö - 2 (D - ⁇ - / tan ⁇ )
  • V 7 -
  • the outflow cross-section is assumed to be blocked when the discharge geometry is a siphon. Furthermore, the bulk material angle ß has to be considered. For small ⁇ , ⁇ can be replaced by ⁇ 'as previously explained. The outflow can be neglected depending on the flow resistance then on the basis of the opening interval
  • V k 4 V max ⁇ -, m ⁇ t 0 ⁇ k 4 ⁇
  • Screw conveyor 31 Feed channel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Screw Conveyors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un réacteur (2) comportant un four rotatif (47), duquel une matière en vrac ayant réagi (16) peut être retirée au moyen d'un convoyeur à vis d'Archimède (1). Selon l'invention, le convoyeur à vis (1) comporte, dans une zone de sortie (18), un élément de retenue (41) qui provoque dans le convoyeur à vis (1) un reflux de la matière en vrac (16) transportée, afin d'obtenir un degré de remplissage du convoyeur à vis (1) plus important. Si le degré de remplissage est tel que des sections transversales de transport sous-jacentes du convoyeur à vis (1) sont complètement remplies de matière en vrac (16), un gaz (27) traversant le convoyeur à vis (1) peut être contraint de se déplacer à travers la matière en vrac (16) pour provoquer une meilleure réaction avec cette dernière (16), en particulier pour une dégradation secondaire.
PCT/EP2009/060735 2008-08-20 2009-08-19 Réacteur à convoyeur à vis d’archimède WO2010020662A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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EP09782003A EP2326415A1 (fr) 2008-08-20 2009-08-19 Réacteur à convoyeur à vis d archimède

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DE102008038570A DE102008038570B4 (de) 2008-08-20 2008-08-20 Reaktor mit einem archimedischen Schraubenförderer
DE102008038570.0 2008-08-20

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WO2010020662A1 true WO2010020662A1 (fr) 2010-02-25

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KR20140096628A (ko) * 2013-01-28 2014-08-06 엘지전자 주식회사 압출기를 이용한 연속공정으로 균일한 크기의 구형 구조가 막 전체에 고르게 형성된 중공사막을 제조하는 방법
WO2015084193A1 (fr) * 2013-12-04 2015-06-11 Get Energy Prime Italy Srl Réacteur de traitement de déchets polyvalent
KR101785141B1 (ko) 2014-08-13 2017-10-13 롯데첨단소재(주) 횡축 회전식 연속 고상중합 장치
DE102022104847A1 (de) 2022-03-01 2023-09-07 Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Behandlung von Flüssigkeit

Families Citing this family (2)

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EP2789677A1 (fr) 2013-04-12 2014-10-15 Kymi Baltic Consulting Oü Installation de torréfaction, son fonctionnement et son entretien
DE102014003806A1 (de) 2014-03-15 2015-09-17 ingitec Engineering GmbH Anlage und Verfahren zur Direktpyrolyse von Biomasse

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US2851792A (en) * 1955-04-27 1958-09-16 Dow Chemical Co Drum dryer
DE1205447B (de) * 1959-11-02 1965-11-18 Dow Chemical Co Drehtrommel zur kontinuierlichen Behandlung von koernigem Gut in einem fluessigen Behandlungsmedium
US3607121A (en) * 1969-12-19 1971-09-21 Allied Chem Rotary furnace having recycle provision
US5207009A (en) * 1991-08-30 1993-05-04 Thompson Stanley P Method and apparatus for increasing dehydrator efficiency
DE19526202A1 (de) * 1994-07-19 1996-01-25 Solvay Verfahren zur Herstellung von wasserfreiem Natriumcarbonat

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20140096628A (ko) * 2013-01-28 2014-08-06 엘지전자 주식회사 압출기를 이용한 연속공정으로 균일한 크기의 구형 구조가 막 전체에 고르게 형성된 중공사막을 제조하는 방법
KR102019466B1 (ko) 2013-01-28 2019-09-06 주식회사 엘지화학 압출기를 이용한 연속공정으로 균일한 크기의 구형 구조가 막 전체에 고르게 형성된 중공사막을 제조하는 방법
WO2015084193A1 (fr) * 2013-12-04 2015-06-11 Get Energy Prime Italy Srl Réacteur de traitement de déchets polyvalent
KR101785141B1 (ko) 2014-08-13 2017-10-13 롯데첨단소재(주) 횡축 회전식 연속 고상중합 장치
DE102022104847A1 (de) 2022-03-01 2023-09-07 Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Behandlung von Flüssigkeit

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EP2326415A1 (fr) 2011-06-01
DE102008038570A1 (de) 2010-03-11

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