WO2010000055A1 - Method and apparatus for on-site drilling cuttings analysis - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for on-site drilling cuttings analysis Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010000055A1
WO2010000055A1 PCT/CA2008/001398 CA2008001398W WO2010000055A1 WO 2010000055 A1 WO2010000055 A1 WO 2010000055A1 CA 2008001398 W CA2008001398 W CA 2008001398W WO 2010000055 A1 WO2010000055 A1 WO 2010000055A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sample
data
analysis
drilling
relatively small
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2008/001398
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Konstandinos S. Zamfes
Original Assignee
Canadian Logging Systems Corp.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Canadian Logging Systems Corp. filed Critical Canadian Logging Systems Corp.
Publication of WO2010000055A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010000055A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • E21B49/005—Testing the nature of borehole walls or the formation by using drilling mud or cutting data

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a method and system for drill cuttings analysis. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method and system for on site drill cuttings analysis while drilling.
  • drilling mud is circulated down the hole to flow up the drill bit cuttings.
  • the cuttings are separated from the mud and then may be directed to an apparatus for further processing and measurements, for example as described by the author in US Patent # 6,386,026 "Cuttings Sample Catcher and Method of Use” and additionally disclosed in US Patent Application No. 10/711 ,333 "Drilling Cutting Analyzer System and Methods of Applications” (Published US 2005-0082468).
  • drilling fluid mud
  • a slipstream sample portion of the drilling mud containing drill cuttings is taken as representative of the drilling mud containing drill cuttings.
  • the sample is conveyed to a portable analysis/collection system.
  • the portable analysis/collection system may provide analysis and collection of the gas and the drilling cuttings. A wide range of analysis may be performed.
  • a small representative sample is continuously or substantially continuously collected for storage and/or further analysis.
  • the bulk of the slipstream is returned to the mud tanks for treatment/reuse/recycling/disposal.
  • the data collected from analysis may be correlated to open hole logs, known geological markers or interfaces, and/or from the dept of the drill bit from where the drill cuttings were generated.
  • Fig. 1 is a simplified schematic of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is one embodiment of a simplified schematic of a mobile data analysis and collection module of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a method and system for drill cuttings analysis including collecting a sample, taking measurements and readings from the sample to provide data, and keeping a portion of sample for storage and/or future analysis.
  • the sample is representative of the formation being drilled and the data may be correlated or indexed to the formation by time, gamma ray or otherwise.
  • the data collection and analysis may be substantially continuous.
  • a portion of the drilling fluid (mud) returns containing drilling cuttings may be sampled (for example continuously, semi-continuously, or intermittently).
  • One particularly advantageous location for drawing the sample is at the possum belly (See Fig. 1 ).
  • the sample is conveyed to a moveable analysis/collection system, for example through the use of a mud pump, for example using the methods and apparatus of US 10/907,485 CENTRIFUGAL PUMP WITH SCREW PUMP ACCELERATOR, US 11/945,095 and CA 2,612,392 CENTRIFUGAL PUMP WITH SCREW PUMP ACCELERATOR AND REVERSE FLOW VANE, or otherwise.
  • gases may be liberated and analyzed, for example using the methods and apparatus of US Patent No. 6,389,878 and CA 2,270,833 GAS TRAP for DRILLING MUD or otherwise.
  • the mechanical equipment may be conveniently housed in a portable building, vehicle mounted such as truck and/or trailer or skid mounted.
  • Fig. 1 depicts an example of trailer mounted.
  • the sample stream may be analyzed to obtain a wide variety of measurements and a small sample may be retained for storage and subsequent further analysis or measurement.
  • the bulk of the sample stream is returned to the mud tank for processing/reuse/recycling/treatment/disposal.
  • the sample stream may be processed, for example, using the methods and apparatus of US 10/711 ,33 published US 20050082468 DRILLING CUTTING ANALYZER SYSTEM and US 12/033,560 and CA 2,499,013, using the methods and apparatus of US 12/000,723 and CA 2,615,140 FLOW DENSITY TOOL, using the method and apparatus of US 12/000,722 and CA 2,615,144 SPECTROGRAPH TOOL, using the method and apparatus of US 09/301 ,726 and CA 2,236,615 DIFFERENTIAL TOTAL-GAS DETERMINATION WHILE DRILLING, using the methods and apparatus of US 6,290,000 and CA 2,256,248 QUANTIFICATION OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF POROUS FORMATIONS WHILE DRILLING - HYDROCARBON SATURATION, using the methods and apparatus of US 6,301 ,953 and CA 2,256,255 QUANTIFICATION OF DRILLING MUD CUTTING
  • gases may be liberated and analyzed, for example using the methods and apparatus of US Patent No. 6,389,878 and CA 2,270,833 GAS TRAP for DRILLING MUD or otherwise.
  • the liberated gas may be dried, for example, using the methods and apparatus of US 60/929,355 FLOATING BUBBLE JAR GAS DRYER FOR MUD GAS ANALYZER.
  • a number of further measurement and calculations may be used to generate further data, for example using the methods and apparatus of US 60/996,517 method and apparatus for measurement of formation fluid loss.
  • the sample may be returned to the mud tanks without collecting and retaining a representative sample.
  • a small representative sample may be collected and retained for storage and/or further analysis.
  • a relatively small sample may be collection, for example, using the methods and apparatus of US 6,386,026 and CA 2,2289,333 CUTTINGS SAMPLE CATCHER AND METHOD OF USE.
  • the data collected may be transferred and/or collected wirelessly of via wired systems.
  • the data may be filtered and/or corrected using software data filtering and/or drilling and geological logic.
  • the data measurement and analysis may be correlated to the subsurface formation through a number of techniques.
  • Those techniques may include comparison of select data to known data to provide a correction factor, based on time or depth and redetermining the correction factor applying or reapplying the correction factor.
  • Those techniques include gamma correlation, time correlation, depth correlation.
  • the data collected from analysis may be correlated to open hole logs, known geological markers or interfaces, and/or from the dept of the drill bit from where the drill cuttings were generated. 7.
  • the relatively small sample may be collected and stored, for example using the methods and apparatus of US 10/711 ,467 and US 11/649,826 and CA 2,499,862 and CA 2,617,048 MINI CORE IN DRILLING SAMPLES FOR HIGH RESOLUTION FORMATION EVALUATION ON DRILLING CUTTINGS SAMPLES.
  • the relatively small sample may be washed, for example using the methods and apparatus of US 10/906,850 SAMPLE WASHER FOR DRILLING CUTTINGS AND OTHER UNCONSOLIDATED AND DISCREET MEDIAS.
  • the relatively small sample may be further analyzed, for example using the methods and apparatus of US 10/711 ,469 and CA 2,499,762 FORMATION GAS PORE PRESSURE EVALUATION ON DRILLING CUTTINGS SAMPLES, US 6,715,347 and CA 2,271 ,656 DETERMINING PERMEABILITY OF HC-BEARING FORMATIONS USING FLUORESCENCE, US 10/710,840 Microgranulometry and methods of applications.
  • Analysis and/or measurement of the relatively small sample may be assisted, for example using the methods and apparatus of US 10/711 ,435 and CA 2,499,767 HORIZONTAL BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE FOR VERTICALLY GRAVITATED AND FLOATING SAMPLES.
  • Another method of achieving further date includes, for example, the methods and apparatus of US 6,273,202 and CA 2,256,258 SWAB TEST FOR DETERMINING RELATIVE FORMATION PRODUCTIVITY.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)

Abstract

A method and system for drill cuttings analysis including collecting a sample, taking measurements and readings from the sample to provide data, and keeping a portion of sample for storage and/or future analysis. The sample is representative of the formation being drilled and the data may be correlated or indexed to the formation by time, gamma ray or otherwise. The data collection and analysis may be substantially continuous.

Description

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ON-SITE DRILLING CUTTINGS ANALYSIS
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to a method and system for drill cuttings analysis. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method and system for on site drill cuttings analysis while drilling.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
During drilling of sub-surface formations, drilling mud is circulated down the hole to flow up the drill bit cuttings. The cuttings are separated from the mud and then may be directed to an apparatus for further processing and measurements, for example as described by the author in US Patent # 6,386,026 "Cuttings Sample Catcher and Method of Use" and additionally disclosed in US Patent Application No. 10/711 ,333 "Drilling Cutting Analyzer System and Methods of Applications" (Published US 2005-0082468).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to obviate or mitigate at least one disadvantage of previous systems for drilling cuttings data collection and analysis.
In general terms, in an active mud drilling system, drilling fluid (mud) is returned to surface containing drill cuttings generated at the cutting face of the drill bit. A slipstream sample portion of the drilling mud containing drill cuttings is taken as representative of the drilling mud containing drill cuttings. The sample is conveyed to a portable analysis/collection system. The portable analysis/collection system may provide analysis and collection of the gas and the drilling cuttings. A wide range of analysis may be performed. A small representative sample is continuously or substantially continuously collected for storage and/or further analysis. The bulk of the slipstream is returned to the mud tanks for treatment/reuse/recycling/disposal. The data collected from analysis may be correlated to open hole logs, known geological markers or interfaces, and/or from the dept of the drill bit from where the drill cuttings were generated. Other aspects and features of the present invention will become apparent to those ordinarily skilled in the art upon review of the following description of specific embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying figures.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the attached Figures, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a simplified schematic of an embodiment of the present invention; and
Fig. 2 is one embodiment of a simplified schematic of a mobile data analysis and collection module of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Generally, the present invention provides a method and system for drill cuttings analysis including collecting a sample, taking measurements and readings from the sample to provide data, and keeping a portion of sample for storage and/or future analysis. The sample is representative of the formation being drilled and the data may be correlated or indexed to the formation by time, gamma ray or otherwise. The data collection and analysis may be substantially continuous.
1. MECHANICAL
During the drilling of a well, a portion of the drilling fluid (mud) returns containing drilling cuttings may be sampled (for example continuously, semi-continuously, or intermittently).
One particularly advantageous location for drawing the sample is at the possum belly (See Fig. 1 ). The sample is conveyed to a moveable analysis/collection system, for example through the use of a mud pump, for example using the methods and apparatus of US 10/907,485 CENTRIFUGAL PUMP WITH SCREW PUMP ACCELERATOR, US 11/945,095 and CA 2,612,392 CENTRIFUGAL PUMP WITH SCREW PUMP ACCELERATOR AND REVERSE FLOW VANE, or otherwise. Optionally, gases may be liberated and analyzed, for example using the methods and apparatus of US Patent No. 6,389,878 and CA 2,270,833 GAS TRAP for DRILLING MUD or otherwise.
The mechanical equipment may be conveniently housed in a portable building, vehicle mounted such as truck and/or trailer or skid mounted. Fig. 1 depicts an example of trailer mounted.
The sample stream may be analyzed to obtain a wide variety of measurements and a small sample may be retained for storage and subsequent further analysis or measurement.
The bulk of the sample stream is returned to the mud tank for processing/reuse/recycling/treatment/disposal.
2. MEASUREMENT
The sample stream may be processed, for example, using the methods and apparatus of US 10/711 ,33 published US 20050082468 DRILLING CUTTING ANALYZER SYSTEM and US 12/033,560 and CA 2,499,013, using the methods and apparatus of US 12/000,723 and CA 2,615,140 FLOW DENSITY TOOL, using the method and apparatus of US 12/000,722 and CA 2,615,144 SPECTROGRAPH TOOL, using the method and apparatus of US 09/301 ,726 and CA 2,236,615 DIFFERENTIAL TOTAL-GAS DETERMINATION WHILE DRILLING, using the methods and apparatus of US 6,290,000 and CA 2,256,248 QUANTIFICATION OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF POROUS FORMATIONS WHILE DRILLING - HYDROCARBON SATURATION, using the methods and apparatus of US 6,301 ,953 and CA 2,256,255 QUANTIFICATION OF DRILLING MUD CUTTINGS CHARACTERISTICS AS A MEASURE OF RELATIVE PERMEABILITY, using the methods and apparatus of US 60/929,348 NON POLARIZED CONTACTS FOR RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENT IN DRILL CUTTINGS SAMPLES FOR SLWD, or other measurement/analysis.
As mentioned above, optionally, gases may be liberated and analyzed, for example using the methods and apparatus of US Patent No. 6,389,878 and CA 2,270,833 GAS TRAP for DRILLING MUD or otherwise. The liberated gas may be dried, for example, using the methods and apparatus of US 60/929,355 FLOATING BUBBLE JAR GAS DRYER FOR MUD GAS ANALYZER.
A number of further measurement and calculations may be used to generate further data, for example using the methods and apparatus of US 60/996,517 method and apparatus for measurement of formation fluid loss.
3. SAMPLE COLLECTION
In one embodiment, the sample may be returned to the mud tanks without collecting and retaining a representative sample. In one embodiment, a small representative sample may be collected and retained for storage and/or further analysis.
A relatively small sample may be collection, for example, using the methods and apparatus of US 6,386,026 and CA 2,2289,333 CUTTINGS SAMPLE CATCHER AND METHOD OF USE.
4. DATA TRANSMISSION AND COLLECTION
The data collected may be transferred and/or collected wirelessly of via wired systems.
5. DATA NOISE FILTERING AND CORRECTION
The data may be filtered and/or corrected using software data filtering and/or drilling and geological logic.
6. DATA PROCESSING
The data measurement and analysis may be correlated to the subsurface formation through a number of techniques. Those techniques, for example, may include comparison of select data to known data to provide a correction factor, based on time or depth and redetermining the correction factor applying or reapplying the correction factor. Those techniques include gamma correlation, time correlation, depth correlation. The data collected from analysis may be correlated to open hole logs, known geological markers or interfaces, and/or from the dept of the drill bit from where the drill cuttings were generated. 7. SAMPLE ANALYSIS AND STORAGE
The relatively small sample may be collected and stored, for example using the methods and apparatus of US 10/711 ,467 and US 11/649,826 and CA 2,499,862 and CA 2,617,048 MINI CORE IN DRILLING SAMPLES FOR HIGH RESOLUTION FORMATION EVALUATION ON DRILLING CUTTINGS SAMPLES.
The relatively small sample may be washed, for example using the methods and apparatus of US 10/906,850 SAMPLE WASHER FOR DRILLING CUTTINGS AND OTHER UNCONSOLIDATED AND DISCREET MEDIAS.
The relatively small sample may be further analyzed, for example using the methods and apparatus of US 10/711 ,469 and CA 2,499,762 FORMATION GAS PORE PRESSURE EVALUATION ON DRILLING CUTTINGS SAMPLES, US 6,715,347 and CA 2,271 ,656 DETERMINING PERMEABILITY OF HC-BEARING FORMATIONS USING FLUORESCENCE, US 10/710,840 Microgranulometry and methods of applications.
Analysis and/or measurement of the relatively small sample may be assisted, for example using the methods and apparatus of US 10/711 ,435 and CA 2,499,767 HORIZONTAL BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE FOR VERTICALLY GRAVITATED AND FLOATING SAMPLES.
8. OTHER METHODS
Another method of achieving further date includes, for example, the methods and apparatus of US 6,273,202 and CA 2,256,258 SWAB TEST FOR DETERMINING RELATIVE FORMATION PRODUCTIVITY.
The subject matter contained in the patents and patent applications referred to herein are hereby incorporated by reference.
In the preceding description, for purposes of explanation, numerous details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that these specific details are not required in order to practice the invention.
The above-described embodiments of the invention are intended to be examples only. Alterations, modifications and variations can be effected to the particular embodiments by those of skill in the art without departing from the scope of the invention, which is defined solely by the claims appended hereto.

Claims

CLAIMS:
1. A method and system for drill cuttings analysis comprising:
(a) obtaining a sample of the drill cuttings; and
(b) measuring data from the sample.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising returning the sample for recycling, treatment, or disposal.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample is obtained from the possum belly.
4. The method of claim 1 further comprising providing a relatively small sample from the sample, the relatively small sample representative of the sample.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising logging drilling parameters.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising translating the data to industry standard parameters.
7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising calibrating the data to industry standards.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising noise filtering and/or correcting the data to industry standards.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein the drilling parameters comprise drilling depth, gamma ray emissions and/or other parameters.
10. The method of claim 6, wherein the data is correlated to one or more drilling parameters.
11. The method of claim 4, the relatively small sample vertically linearly representative of the sample.
12. The method of claim 4, further comprising retaining the relatively small sample for storage and/or further analysis.
PCT/CA2008/001398 2008-06-30 2008-07-31 Method and apparatus for on-site drilling cuttings analysis WO2010000055A1 (en)

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US61/076,931 2008-06-30

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EP2392768A1 (en) 2010-06-07 2011-12-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for increasing the yield from a mineral deposit
EP2392772A1 (en) 2010-06-07 2011-12-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for increasing the yield from a mineral deposit
EP2395352A1 (en) 2010-06-07 2011-12-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for determining the local extension of mineral material in a rock
WO2012100283A1 (en) * 2011-01-25 2012-08-02 Technological Resources Pty Limited In situ sampling and analysis system for a drill rig and a drill rig incorporating same
WO2013162400A1 (en) * 2012-04-25 2013-10-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Determining physical properties of solid materials suspended in a drilling fluid
CN104931646A (en) * 2014-03-23 2015-09-23 阿斯派克国际(2015)私人有限公司 Means and methods for multimodality analysis and processing of drilling mud
WO2017205912A1 (en) 2016-05-30 2017-12-07 Southern Innovation International Pty Ltd Material characterisation system and method
US10174569B2 (en) 2013-06-20 2019-01-08 Aspect International (2015) Private Limited NMR/MRI-based integrated system for analyzing and treating of a drilling mud for drilling mud recycling process and methods thereof
US10444170B2 (en) 2015-07-02 2019-10-15 Aspect Ai Ltd. System and method for analysis of fluids flowing in a conduit
US10598581B2 (en) 2013-11-06 2020-03-24 Aspect Imaging Ltd. Inline rheology/viscosity, density, and flow rate measurement
US10655996B2 (en) 2016-04-12 2020-05-19 Aspect Imaging Ltd. System and method for measuring velocity profiles
US10670574B2 (en) 2015-01-19 2020-06-02 Aspect International (2015) Private Limited NMR-based systems for crude oil enhancement and methods thereof
US10809338B2 (en) 2015-04-12 2020-10-20 Aspect Ai Ltd. System and method for NMR imaging of fluids in non-circular cross-sectional conduits
US11788408B2 (en) 2021-11-30 2023-10-17 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Method for determining properties of a formation

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US11492901B2 (en) 2019-03-07 2022-11-08 Elgamal Ahmed M H Shale shaker system having sensors, and method of use

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RU2553741C2 (en) * 2010-06-07 2015-06-20 Сименс Акциенгезелльшафт Method and device for field production increasing
EP2392772A1 (en) 2010-06-07 2011-12-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for increasing the yield from a mineral deposit
EP2395352A1 (en) 2010-06-07 2011-12-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for determining the local extension of mineral material in a rock
WO2011154170A1 (en) 2010-06-07 2011-12-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for determining the local spatial extent of the phase of valuable mineral in a rock
WO2011154169A1 (en) 2010-06-07 2011-12-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for increasing the yield of a deposit
WO2011154168A1 (en) 2010-06-07 2011-12-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for increasing the yield in a deposit
EP2392768A1 (en) 2010-06-07 2011-12-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for increasing the yield from a mineral deposit
US9069093B2 (en) 2010-06-07 2015-06-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for determining the local spatial extent of the phase of valuable mineral in a rock
RU2553739C2 (en) * 2010-06-07 2015-06-20 Сименс Акциенгезелльшафт Method and device for determination of local spatial extent of phase of valuable material mineral in rock
RU2524367C1 (en) * 2010-06-07 2014-07-27 Сименс Акциенгезелльшафт Method and device for increase in excavation at deposit
US8955917B2 (en) 2010-06-07 2015-02-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for increasing the yield in a deposit
US8955918B2 (en) 2010-06-07 2015-02-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for increasing the yield in a deposit
WO2012100283A1 (en) * 2011-01-25 2012-08-02 Technological Resources Pty Limited In situ sampling and analysis system for a drill rig and a drill rig incorporating same
CN103380259A (en) * 2011-01-25 2013-10-30 技术信息有限公司 In situ sampling and analysis system for a drill rig and a drill rig incorporating same
WO2013162400A1 (en) * 2012-04-25 2013-10-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Determining physical properties of solid materials suspended in a drilling fluid
US10174569B2 (en) 2013-06-20 2019-01-08 Aspect International (2015) Private Limited NMR/MRI-based integrated system for analyzing and treating of a drilling mud for drilling mud recycling process and methods thereof
US10598581B2 (en) 2013-11-06 2020-03-24 Aspect Imaging Ltd. Inline rheology/viscosity, density, and flow rate measurement
CN104931646A (en) * 2014-03-23 2015-09-23 阿斯派克国际(2015)私人有限公司 Means and methods for multimodality analysis and processing of drilling mud
US20150268374A1 (en) * 2014-03-23 2015-09-24 Aspect International (2015) Private Limited Means and Methods for Multimodality Analysis and Processing of Drilling Mud
US10670574B2 (en) 2015-01-19 2020-06-02 Aspect International (2015) Private Limited NMR-based systems for crude oil enhancement and methods thereof
US10809338B2 (en) 2015-04-12 2020-10-20 Aspect Ai Ltd. System and method for NMR imaging of fluids in non-circular cross-sectional conduits
US10444170B2 (en) 2015-07-02 2019-10-15 Aspect Ai Ltd. System and method for analysis of fluids flowing in a conduit
US10655996B2 (en) 2016-04-12 2020-05-19 Aspect Imaging Ltd. System and method for measuring velocity profiles
WO2017205912A1 (en) 2016-05-30 2017-12-07 Southern Innovation International Pty Ltd Material characterisation system and method
US11788408B2 (en) 2021-11-30 2023-10-17 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Method for determining properties of a formation

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