WO2009155944A1 - Measuring apparatus for measuring the reaction forces between a piston and a cylinder liner of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Measuring apparatus for measuring the reaction forces between a piston and a cylinder liner of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009155944A1 WO2009155944A1 PCT/EP2008/005193 EP2008005193W WO2009155944A1 WO 2009155944 A1 WO2009155944 A1 WO 2009155944A1 EP 2008005193 W EP2008005193 W EP 2008005193W WO 2009155944 A1 WO2009155944 A1 WO 2009155944A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- measuring device
- piston
- cylinder liner
- force sensors
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L23/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid
- G01L23/08—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid operated electrically
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
- G01M15/08—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring pressure in cylinders
Definitions
- Measuring device for measuring the reaction forces between a piston and a cylinder liner of a reciprocating internal combustion engine
- the invention relates to a measuring device for measuring the reaction forces between a piston and a cylinder liner of a reciprocating internal combustion engine.
- Such a measuring device is known from the article "Investigations on plasma-coated cylinder surfaces" in MTZ 3/2004, pages 2 to 6.
- the measuring device is used for gasoline engines
- the measuring device described therein comprises a cylinder carrier having a receptacle in which a A piston is adjustably guided axially in the cylinder liner over a predetermined stroke between a top dead center and a bottom dead center to a cylinder axis.A distributed over the circumference of the cylinder liner several force sensors arranged distributed over which the cylinder liner with the cylinder carrier
- the force sensors are arranged below a reference plane of the piston at half stroke between the top dead center and the bottom dead center, wherein the reference plane is arranged at right angles to the cylinder axis and a pivot axis about which a connecting rod is pivotally connected to the piston, ent
- the cylinder liner is attached to the cylinder carrier from below.
- the term “up” refers to the direction of the piston as it moves from bottom dead center to top dead center
- the “down” designation indicates the direction of the piston as it moves from top dead center toward bottom dead center
- the cylinder axis may be arranged vertically or inclined to a vertical axis.
- Disadvantage of the known measuring device is that at high peak pressures during the combustion process, depending on the crank kinematics, high moments act on the cylinder liner, so that the force sensors distributed over the circumference are loaded to different degrees. Furthermore, high moments lead to a deformation of the cylinder liner.
- the high moments are due to the peak pressures being achieved after reaching top dead center, based on the angular position of the crankshaft driven by the piston, approximately in the range of 15 degrees to 20 degrees after top dead center.
- the piston connecting the piston with the crankshaft connecting rod is not coaxial with the cylinder axis but angularly aligned with this, so that lateral forces relative to the cylinder axis result, which lead to an introduction of moments in the cylinder liner.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a measuring device which is also suitable for higher peak pressures.
- a measuring device for measuring the reaction forces between a piston and a cylinder liner of a reciprocating internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder support, a cylinder liner, a piston in the cylinder liner over a predetermined stroke zwi- see a top dead center and a bottom dead center axially is guided to a cylinder axis, and a plurality of distributed over the circumference of the cylinder liner arranged force sensors, via which the cylinder liner is axially supported against the cylinder support, wherein the force sensors above a reference plane of the piston at half a stroke between the top dead center and the bottom dead center are arranged and wherein the reference plane is arranged at right angles to the cylinder axis and a pivot axis about which a connecting rod is pivotally connectable to the piston, contains, solved.
- the peak pressure in a combustion chamber of a reciprocating engine is achieved shortly after the compression phase after the piston has reached top dead center and after ignition.
- the inventive arrangement of the force sensors that the cylinder liner is supported at an axial position relative to the cylinder axis, in which the pivot axis is when a peak pressure is reached in the combustion chamber and thus the largest force acts on the piston , Since the peak pressure after reaching top dead center, that is, when the piston is moved back toward bottom dead center, is reached, the connecting rod is arranged at an angle relative to the cylinder axis and generates a lateral force on the cylinder liner, which then upon reaching the peak pressure can be well supported by the force sensors.
- the transverse forces that occur in this position of the piston have no or only a small effect on the measurement result in the axial direction, whereby the measurement results are less affected.
- Measuring the reaction force between the piston and the cylinder liner basically refers to the reaction force that arises during the stroke movement of the piston within the cylinder liner.
- piston rings are part of the piston, via which the piston is held in sealing engagement with the inner surface of the cylinder liner, wherein friction occurs between the piston rings and the inner surface of the cylinder liner. Nevertheless, the reaction force between the piston and the cylinder liner will be discussed below in a simplified manner.
- force sensors preferably three-dimensionally measuring sensors are used.
- the peak pressure in the combustion chamber occurs shortly after top dead center until about 45 degrees after top dead center has been reached.
- the force sensors above the reference plane of the piston in a stroke position of the piston, the position of a piston of the crankshaft driven by the piston of 45 Degree, in concrete embodiment of 25 degrees, according to the top dead center corresponds, are arranged.
- the force sensors are arranged below the reference plane of the piston in the top dead center position.
- the force sensors are arranged in a common plane.
- the force sensors are arranged on the reference plane of the piston in a stroke position in which the peak pressure is achieved in the combustion chamber of the reciprocating engine. This corresponds generally to a stroke position of the piston near the top dead center.
- the cylinder liner is supported down against the cylinder carrier.
- the cylinder liner is disposed within a receptacle of the cylinder carrier.
- the receptacle can hereby be represented in the form of a through bore, so that the connecting rod can dip into the cylinder liner from below and further components, such as the cylinder head, can be mounted on top of the cylinder support.
- the arrangement in the form that the cylinder liner is supported down against the cylinder support simplifies the change of the cylinder liner, since only the cylinder head and possibly more arranged between the cylinder head and the cylinder support components must be dismantled to get to the cylinder liner.
- a socket carrier is provided which has a central bore in which the cylinder liner is seated.
- the cylinder liner is supported indirectly via the bush carrier against the cylinder carrier.
- the cylinder liner is supported directly against the force sensors and via these against the cylinder carrier.
- this preferably has at least one radially projecting support bearing, with which the bush carrier is supported against at least one of the force sensors. This may be a circumferential collar or one or more radial projections, which form a support surface which is held in contact with the force sensors.
- a cooling liquid space of a cooling circuit surrounding the cylinder liner can be formed.
- different cooling circuits can be provided for the cooling of the cylinder liner and for the cooling of a cylinder head.
- temperature sensors are provided in the socket carrier.
- At least two, in particular four force sensors are provided. Of these, two are preferably arranged opposite each other with respect to the cylinder axis.
- the force sensors can be evenly distributed over the circumference.
- two pairs of force sensors are provided, which are arranged opposite to a center plane, wherein the center line contains the cylinder axis.
- the force sensors of a pair relative to the cylinder axis can be arranged offset by less than 90 degrees to each other.
- the center plane is preferably formed by the cylinder axis and the pivot axis.
- the connecting rod is arranged either parallel to the center plane or at an angle thereto, so that transverse forces occur transversely to the center plane. These are then intercepted by two force sensors arranged close to one another, so that the best possible support is ensured.
- the measuring device may further comprise a crankcase for supporting a crankshaft, wherein the cylinder carrier is attached to the crankcase.
- an intermediate plate may be provided which is connected to the cylinder carrier. is bound.
- the intermediate plate is arranged opposite the crankcase and thus opposite the crankshaft. On the intermediate plate can attach a cylinder head.
- the intermediate plate may be designed such that supply and return lines are arranged for the cooling circuit of the cylinder head.
- a series cylinder head can be used in conjunction with a close-to-production cylinder head gasket, which need not be specially adapted to the measuring device.
- the intermediate plate is designed such that the cylinder head is otherwise completely closed.
- a first sealing ring in particular a metal sealing ring, can be arranged around the cylinder axis in order to seal off a combustion chamber formed by the cylinder liner, the piston and the cylinder head.
- the metal sealing ring is preferably a gas-filled metal sealing ring, which has a low spring stiffness and thus exerts low spring forces on the cylinder liner. Thus, it is avoided that excessive forces are exerted by the metal seal on the cylinder liner, which could adversely affect the measurement of the force transducer.
- a second sealing ring may be provided around the metal sealing ring, so that a test space is formed between the sealing rings.
- the test room may be connected to a flow sensor for detecting leakage at one of the seals.
- the intermediate plate may be detachably connected to the cylinder carrier such that the intermediate plate is displaceable transversely to the center plane, which is spanned by the pin axis and the cylinder axis, and can be fastened in different positions transversely to the center plane.
- a release of the cylinder liner unit and the load cell is not required.
- the setting that is, the distance of the crankshaft axis to the cylinder axis, set differently.
- the necessary adjustment of the compression takes place by varying the number of individual layers of the cylinder head gasket.
- the measuring device is generally not limited to a single cylinder liner. It is understood that the measuring device may also comprise a plurality of units of cylinder liners and pistons, which are each equipped as described above.
- Figure 1 is a simplified schematic representation in cross section of a measuring device according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a measuring device according to the invention
- Figure 3 shows two cross sections according to the section lines Illa-Illa and Illb-Illb according to Figure 2;
- Figure 4 shows a cylinder support according to the invention with an inserted bush carrier and a cylinder liner partially cut
- FIG. 5 shows a cross section of the measuring device according to FIG. 2 along the section line V-V and FIG
- Figure 6 is a schematic representation to illustrate the setting with displaced cylinder support.
- FIG. 1 shows a simplified schematic representation of a measuring device according to the invention.
- the measuring device comprises a plate-shaped cylinder carrier 1, in which a cylinder receptacle 2 is provided in the form of an opening.
- a cylinder liner 3 in which a piston 4 is adjustably guided along a cylinder axis Z.
- the piston 4 is, as in reciprocating Combustion engines usual, connected to a connecting rod, not shown here, which in turn is drivingly connected to a crankshaft, not shown here.
- the connecting rod is connected via a bolt which is seated in bores 5 of the piston 4, about a pivot axis S pivotally connected to the piston 4.
- the piston 4 is guided within the cylinder liner 3 axially adjustable to the cylinder axis Z between a top dead center and a bottom dead center.
- the piston 4 is shown near the top dead center.
- the outer diameter of the piston is significantly smaller than the diameter of a bore 7 of the cylinder liner 3, in which the piston 4 is guided. This is for illustrative purposes only.
- the piston 4 is held by piston rings 33 in sealing engagement with the bore 7 of the cylinder liner 3.
- the cylinder liner 3 has an upper end 34 and a lower end 35.
- the piston 4 is in its upper dead center position near the upper end 34 and in its bottom dead center position near the lower end 35.
- top and bottom is used such that the term “top” on the Range at the upper end 34 and the term “bottom” refers to the area at the lower end 35 of the cylinder liner 3.
- the cylinder liner 3 has a circumferential to the cylinder axis Z support flange 8, which is axially supported down against an end face 9 of the socket carrier 6.
- two support bearings 10, 11 are shown, which are part of the socket carrier 6 and are arranged diametrically opposite each other.
- the bush carrier 6 is axially supported with the support bearings 10, 11 against force sensors 12, 13, wherein the force sensors 12, 13 are in turn supported axially against support surfaces 14, 15 of the cylinder support 1.
- the socket carrier 6 is supported via the force sensors 12, 13 down against the cylinder support 1.
- at least two, in particular four, force sensors 12, 13 are provided, against each of which a support bearing 10, 11 of the bushing support 6 is supported.
- a support bearing 10, 11 is supported against a plurality of force sensors 12, 13.
- the support bearings 10, 11 may also be formed by a circumferential flange.
- For attachment in the support bearings 10, 11 each have a mounting hole 16, 17 are provided, each with a mounting hole 18, 19 in the force sensors 12, 13 are aligned. All mounting holes 16, 17, 18, 19 are each aligned with a threaded bore 20, 21 in the cylinder support 1, so that fastening screws 22, 23 can be passed through the mounting holes 16, 17, 18, 19 and can be screwed into the threaded bore 20, 21 ,
- the mounting screws 22, 23 can apply a bias voltage to the force sensors 12, 13, so that both forces exerted by the piston 4 down to the cylinder liner 3 and forces exerted by the piston 4 upwards on the cylinder liner 3, can be detected by the force sensors 12, 13.
- this is the cylinder liner 3 of the socket carrier 6 constructed in the manner of a "floating liner" measuring system, which is supported exclusively on the force sensors 12, 13 against the cylinder support 1.
- the cylinder liner 3 and the sleeve carrier 6 can also be made as a single component. Other connection points are not provided.
- the cylinder liner 3 is supported as smoothly as possible in the axial direction.
- the cylinder support 1 has an upper connecting surface 24, which is arranged at right angles to the cylinder axis Z on.
- an intermediate plate 25 is placed and connected to the cylinder carrier 1.
- an opening 26 is provided, which is aligned with the bore 7 of the cylinder liner 3.
- a first sealing ring 27 is provided between the cylinder liner 3 and the intermediate plate 25, for sealing a combustion chamber formed by the cylinder liner 3 and the piston 4.
- the first sealing ring 27 may be provided in the form of a metal sealing ring, in particular a gas-filled metal sealing ring.
- the first sealing ring in this case has a low spring stiffness, so that hardly forces are transmitted between the cylinder liner 3 and the intermediate plate 25, which would lead to a falsification of the measurement results at the force sensors 12, 13.
- the bush carrier 6 has a continuous receiving bore 36 for receiving the cylinder bushing 3, in which a circumferential recess 28 is provided inside. hen is. This forms together with an outer peripheral surface 29 of the cylinder liner 3, a cooling liquid space 30 which is connected to a cooling circuit.
- the sleeve carrier 6 has a radially inwardly directed circumferential upper collar 31 and a radially inwardly directed circumferential lower collar 32 which are held in sealing engagement with the outer circumferential surface 29 of the cylinder liner 3.
- the cylinder liner with its support flange or with support bearings provided on the cylinder liner is supported directly against the force sensors.
- an axial support of the cylinder liner would result directly over the force sensors against the cylinder carrier and not, as shown in Figure 1, indirectly on the socket carrier.
- the sleeve carrier may then continue to be arranged around the cylinder liner to form a cooling fluid space.
- FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section along a median plane through the measuring device according to the invention.
- Components which correspond to components according to FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals.
- the measuring device comprises a crankcase 37, in which a crankshaft, not shown, is rotatably mounted about a crank axis K.
- the crankshaft is pivotally connected eccentrically to the crank axis K with a connecting rod, not shown, which in turn is pivotally connected to the piston 4 about the pivot axis S.
- the measuring device has a single piston-cylinder unit and is thus designed as a single-cylinder engine. However, it can also be provided a plurality of piston-cylinder units.
- FIG. 3 shows two cross sections through the measuring device according to the invention. Shown on the left in FIG. 3 is a cross section at right angles to the median plane according to the section line Illa-Illa according to FIG. 2 through the connecting rod. On the right side, a parallel cross section according to the section line HIb-IIIb according to FIG. 2 is represented by a force sensor.
- Figure 4 shows a perspective view of the cylinder carrier shown partially cut with cylinder liner and socket carrier. Figures 3 and 4 will be described together below. Components that correspond to components of the preceding figures are provided with the same reference numerals.
- first sealing ring 27 in particular in the form of a metal sealing ring
- second sealing ring 42 is provided, which is arranged around the first sealing ring 27 and is also held between the cylinder liner 3 and the intermediate plate 25.
- annular test chamber 43 is formed, which can be connected to a flow sensor or a similar sensor in order to determine a leakage at one of the sealing rings can.
- a radially extending inlet channel to the cooling fluid space 30 is provided in the sleeve carrier 6, which can be connected to a cooling circuit via an inlet connection 45.
- An outlet port 46 is connected to an outlet channel, not shown, which is provided analogously to the inlet channel 44.
- a plurality of bores 47 are provided in the socket carrier 6, through which temperature sensors can be guided to the cylinder liner.
- crankshaft 48 about a pivot axis S with the piston 4 and about a coupling axis C with a crankshaft, not shown here is pivotally connected, wherein the crankshaft is in turn mounted rotatably in the crankcase about a spaced apart from the coupling axis C arranged crank axis K.
- FIG. 5 shows a cross section through the measuring device according to the invention along the section line V-V according to FIG. 2.
- the crankcase 37, the cylinder carrier 1 and the intermediate plate 25 are shown.
- a plurality of fastening openings in the form of slots 49, 50 are provided. Through the slots 49, 50 clamping screws 51, 52 are passed and screwed into threaded holes 53, 54 in the crankcase 37.
- the cylinder carrier 1 is braced on the crankcase 37 via the clamping screws 51, 52.
- the cylinder support 1 can be moved transversely to the median plane M, before the cylinder support 1 is clamped on the crankcase 37.
- the cylinder axis Z can be displaced relative to the crank axis K. This is shown schematically in FIG.
- the cylinder axis Z intersects the crank axis K.
- the offset can be adjusted freely, in which the cylinder axis Z crosses the crank axis K at a distance.
- crank mechanism is shown schematically.
- the crankshaft 55 has a crank arm 56 and is rotatably mounted about the crank axis K.
- the connecting rod 48 is pivotally mounted on the crank arm 46 about the coupling axis C.
- the crankshaft 55 is shown only schematically.
- the cylinder, not shown here, is displaced in such a way that an entanglement results, in which the cylinder axis Z crosses the crank axis K at a distance. 1
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Testing Of Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2008/005193 WO2009155944A1 (en) | 2008-06-26 | 2008-06-26 | Measuring apparatus for measuring the reaction forces between a piston and a cylinder liner of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine |
DE112008003819T DE112008003819A5 (en) | 2008-06-26 | 2008-06-26 | Measuring device for measuring the reaction forces between a piston and a cylinder liner of a reciprocating internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2008/005193 WO2009155944A1 (en) | 2008-06-26 | 2008-06-26 | Measuring apparatus for measuring the reaction forces between a piston and a cylinder liner of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2009155944A1 true WO2009155944A1 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
Family
ID=40404179
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2008/005193 WO2009155944A1 (en) | 2008-06-26 | 2008-06-26 | Measuring apparatus for measuring the reaction forces between a piston and a cylinder liner of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE112008003819A5 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009155944A1 (en) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0170256A2 (en) * | 1984-07-31 | 1986-02-05 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | System for detecting abnormalities in gas engines |
JPH11326133A (en) * | 1998-03-09 | 1999-11-26 | Nippon Soken Inc | Frictional force measuring device of internal combustion engine |
DE10108051A1 (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2002-09-12 | Siemens Ag | Measuring combustion pressure in combustion chamber of internal combustion engine by detecting changing in length of cylinder head screw or bulging of cylinder head |
EP1524422A1 (en) * | 2003-10-16 | 2005-04-20 | Wärtsilä Schweiz AG | Process for monitoring cylinder pressure |
DE102006053806A1 (en) * | 2006-11-15 | 2008-05-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Internal combustion engine |
FR2910624A1 (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2008-06-27 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Test bench for studying friction and wear out phenomenon of internal component of heat engine, has force sensor delivering signals representing constraints subjected by cylinder block and cylinder head, during functioning of bench |
-
2008
- 2008-06-26 DE DE112008003819T patent/DE112008003819A5/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-06-26 WO PCT/EP2008/005193 patent/WO2009155944A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0170256A2 (en) * | 1984-07-31 | 1986-02-05 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | System for detecting abnormalities in gas engines |
JPH11326133A (en) * | 1998-03-09 | 1999-11-26 | Nippon Soken Inc | Frictional force measuring device of internal combustion engine |
DE10108051A1 (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2002-09-12 | Siemens Ag | Measuring combustion pressure in combustion chamber of internal combustion engine by detecting changing in length of cylinder head screw or bulging of cylinder head |
EP1524422A1 (en) * | 2003-10-16 | 2005-04-20 | Wärtsilä Schweiz AG | Process for monitoring cylinder pressure |
DE102006053806A1 (en) * | 2006-11-15 | 2008-05-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Internal combustion engine |
FR2910624A1 (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2008-06-27 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Test bench for studying friction and wear out phenomenon of internal component of heat engine, has force sensor delivering signals representing constraints subjected by cylinder block and cylinder head, during functioning of bench |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE112008003819A5 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
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