WO2009124651A1 - Verfahren und anlage zur aufbereitung von kunstoffreichen abfällen - Google Patents
Verfahren und anlage zur aufbereitung von kunstoffreichen abfällen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009124651A1 WO2009124651A1 PCT/EP2009/002104 EP2009002104W WO2009124651A1 WO 2009124651 A1 WO2009124651 A1 WO 2009124651A1 EP 2009002104 W EP2009002104 W EP 2009002104W WO 2009124651 A1 WO2009124651 A1 WO 2009124651A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fraction
- separation
- light fraction
- light
- agglomeration
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
- B03B9/061—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse the refuse being industrial
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/005—Separation by a physical processing technique only, e.g. by mechanical breaking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
- B03B2009/068—Specific treatment of shredder light fraction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/0026—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
- B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
- B29B2017/0224—Screens, sieves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
- B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
- B29B2017/0231—Centrifugating, cyclones
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
- B29B2017/0268—Separation of metals
- B29B2017/0272—Magnetic separation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
- B29B2017/0424—Specific disintegrating techniques; devices therefor
- B29B2017/0488—Hammers or beaters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
- B29B2017/0424—Specific disintegrating techniques; devices therefor
- B29B2017/0492—Projecting the material on stationary or moving impact surfaces or plates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/065—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts containing impurities
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
- B29K2705/04—Lead
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a plant for the treatment of a light fraction which has been produced during the treatment of metal-poor, plastic-rich wastes.
- Such a light fraction falls, for example, in shredding of end-of-life vehicles.
- the shredding of end-of-life vehicles and similar material streams for material digestion with the aim of improved material utilization has long been known.
- the old bodies, which were previously freed from parts that can be used by commercial vehicles (i.w. spare parts) and polluted, (eg by removing operating fluids) are transported to the shredder in shredders without much physical pretreatment.
- the process guides established in carrying out the shredder process the resulting mixture of substances is divided into different fractions.
- the old coach will be smashed into pieces about the size of a fist in the shredding machine, which operates on the principle of a hammer mill.
- airworthy components are sucked off by means of a suitable suction device and separated via a cyclone (the so-called shredder light fraction (SLF)).
- SSF shredder light fraction
- the remaining air flow is fed to a dedusting.
- the non-extracted fraction is then separated with a suitable magnetic separator into a ferromagnetic fraction (so-called shredder scrap (SS)) and a non-ferromagnetic fraction (so-called shredder heavy fraction (SSF)).
- SS ferromagnetic fraction
- SSF shredder heavy fraction
- the shredder scrap (SS) is used directly as secondary raw material in steelworks, the shredder heavy fraction (SSF) is treated separately and separated into metallurgically usable metal fractions and a metal-depleted residual fraction.
- the shredder heavy fraction (SSF) is treated separately and separated into metallurgically usable metal fractions and a metal-depleted residual fraction.
- the shredder light fraction (SLF) is a very heterogeneous mixture of plastics, foams, rubber, textiles, glass, ceramics, wood, ferrous and non-ferrous metals.
- the metallurgically unusable so-called shredder residues thus formed by the shredder light fraction (SLF) and / or the residual fraction from the processing of the shredder heavy fraction (SSF) are generally disposed of as waste or incinerated in waste incineration plants .
- SSF shredder light fraction
- SSF shredder heavy fraction
- end-of-life vehicle ordinance of 01.04.1998 even stipulates that as of 2015 more than 95% by weight of a used car must be recovered.
- a utilization of the shredder light fraction (SLF) in guaranteed quality is according to current knowledge under ecologically - and economically justifiable conditions only then This is possible if the shredder residues or the shredder light fraction (SLF) are broken down into the highest possible quality homogeneous fractions with the aid of suitable preparation steps.
- DE 102 24 133 A1 describes a method for the treatment of sludge, which is intended for efficient mechanical dewatering in the run-up to a subsequent thermal treatment of the sludge.
- it is proposed to supply additives to the sludge in the form of a lint fraction refined by the process of EP 1 333 931 B1.
- the light fraction (lint) obtained from the density separation is combined with the overflow from the screening (also fluff) and subjected to the downstream, alternative process steps of comminution, agglomeration, pelleting or beating.
- the material agglomerator agglomeration is subjected to the further treatment stages - removal of non-agglomerated, agglomerated parts, - further FE metal separation and material cooling during pneumatic conveying.
- a method for processing the shredder light fraction from shredder systems is known in which the complex shredder light fraction by crushing and separating into the four fractions Shreddersand (iw discharged inert materials such as glass, sand, dirt), shredder granules (iw plastic granules), metal granules (iw from separated iron, copper and aluminum) and Shredderflusen (flyable lightweight materials) is divided, said sub-fractions should be so homogeneous that they can be a material and / or energy recovery.
- Shreddersand iw discharged inert materials such as glass, sand, dirt
- shredder granules iw plastic granules
- metal granules iw from separated iron, copper and aluminum
- Shredderflusen frlyable lightweight materials
- EP 1 337 341 B1 describes a process for the joint preparation of shredder fractions, in which the primary material streams which are produced in preprocessing during the preparation of the shredder light fraction and the heavy shredder fraction are at least partially subjected to a common main process Workup be supplied.
- As end products at least one ferromagnetic fraction, a non-ferrous metal-containing fraction, a granulate fraction, a sand fraction and a lint fraction are produced. It should be noted that the end products can either be directly recycled for material or energy purposes or, if necessary, further processed into other high-quality usable products in further refining steps.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method and a plant with which a light fraction, which was produced during the treatment of metal-poor, plastic-rich waste, can be further refined, so that a high-purity end product for highly efficient, but material better energy recovery is obtained.
- Classification of the light fraction in at least two light fraction classes - Separation of at least onechtfr forcingskiasse in at least one dust fraction and at least one further fraction, wherein the separation of the dust fraction over a substantially controlled residence time ofchtfr soskiasse takes place in at least one participating in the separation process means.
- the residence time ofchtfr soasse is controlled in the process medium via a controllable suction.
- the suction expediently have an exhaust air flow, which is regulated as a function of the density or specific gravity of the at least one Textilfr soskiasse.
- the suction air flow thus increases with increasing density and decreases with decreasing density.
- This measure ensures that the particles falling into a suction channel are controllably braked in their sinking speed and thus the residence time in the suction channel is also controlled.
- thechtfr forcingasse is separated next to the dust fraction in at least one
- the heavy fraction can be fed to another, separate process and fed thechtgutfr so another advantageous special treatment. This can for example be highly advantageous a cleaning ofchtgutfr so.
- the cleaning is done dry, through dedusting.
- Thechtgutfr press is freed in a centrifuge of heavy metal dust (this is Lw. Lead and zinc containing) and the remaining, heavy metal depleted material is therefore more demanding on environmental compatibility.
- the classification of the light fraction by sieving preferably takes place at a hole diameter of about 5-8 mm.
- the hole diameter it has been found that at least one first light fraction line with an average part size range ⁇ 5-8 mm and a second light weight line with an average part size range> 5-8 mm can be produced by the screening, which can be easily further processed or separated.
- Thechtgutfr syndrome (lint) obtained by the separation of the light fraction (raw fluff) advantageously has on average a bulk solids weight of ⁇ 250 kg / m3 and the recovered heavy particle fraction (granules) on average a bulk solids weight of> 250 kg / m3, in particular> 400 kg / m 3 on.
- raw fluff is a fiber-rich light fraction, in particular with an average bulk density of ⁇ 0.2 t / m 3 , which in the treatment of low-metal, plastic-rich waste (these are preferably at least partly shredder residues of metal-containing wastes) was produced in a pre-process.
- the light fraction (crude fluff) produced in this way represents an ideal starting material for the process according to the invention which is easy to further refine. Before the impact treatment, the light fraction may advantageously be subjected to Fe deposition.
- a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that thechtgutfr forcing after cleaning an agglomeration, in particular a discontinuous, is subjected to thechtgutfr forcing (purified fluff) to convert into a free-flowing state.
- the light material fraction is then expediently fed to a buffer in order to ensure a decoupling of the agglomeration stage from the pre-process and thus a trouble-free process operation.
- the selected agglomeration temperature should advantageously be about 100 0 C to 180 0 C, preferably at about 140 0 C to 17O 0 C.
- the resulting agglomerate should be conveniently cooled, on the one hand to facilitate its negotiability and on the other hand to prevent auto-ignition of the material in a storage silo or a packaging device.
- a first cooling is carried out with water already in the agglomerator itself, wherein a cooling to about 45 ° C-65 ° C, preferably to about 50 ° C-60 ° C, takes place. Thereafter, a further cooling / drying of the agglomerate can follow, in which a cooling, preferably by means of air (eg. By air conveyor blower) takes place.
- a cooling preferably by means of air (eg. By air conveyor blower) takes place.
- a residual moisture content of ⁇ 1, 5% is preferably sought, this can be achieved by a corresponding adjustment of the residence time in a suitable pneumatic conveying.
- the pollutants to be extracted can be, for example, volatile hydrocarbon compounds and / or readily volatile inorganic constituents (eg mercury), whereby the achievement of prescribed specifications of the end product can be further assured by the gas-based extraction process step.
- the gas-based extraction should take place before the agglomerate is cooled.
- the agglomerated (by impregnation with ferromagnetic particles) slightly magnetized, lumpy lint material can be highly advantageous metal deposition by means of a highly effective neodymium magnet subjected.
- Non-magnetic, previously entrained material e.g., copper particles or plastic granules
- the light material fraction (lint) obtained by the separation is combined with at least one of the light fraction classes obtained by the previous classification.
- This will expediently be the second light fraction line with an average part size range of> 5-8 mm, which is also present in the form of fluff and therefore offers a process-optimizing combination of these material flows.
- the plant according to the invention for the treatment of a light fraction which has been produced during the treatment of metal-poor, plastic-rich wastes has means with which successively the following process steps can be carried out:
- the means involved in the separation comprises a zigzag-shaped suction channel.
- the suction channel may for example be part of an air separation device, in which the material to be separated is entered from above into the suction channel.
- the zig-zag suction channel (like the controllable suction) also helps to control the residence time of the particles in the suction channel. The particles therefore do not fall down the suction channel in an uncontrolled manner, but their rate of descent is greatly slowed down, since the particles impact the oblique surfaces (baffles) of the zigzag-shaped suction channel.
- a further expedient development of the invention provides for the process agent involved in the separation to be followed by at least one separating table which separates the residual fraction separated after the separation into at least one light material fraction and one heavy material fraction. It is very advantageous if the separation table is adjustable with respect to its acting on the material to be separated air flow and its Hinttelamplitude. Furthermore, it is very advantageous if the separation table is conceivable in its inclination. As a result, the residence time of the material to be separated on the separation table can be varied.
- means for stressing the light fraction are provided by means of impact and / or impact, preferably in the form of at least one rotor impactor or at least one hammermill.
- the distance between the stator and the rotor should be set appropriately between 3 mm and 5 mm.
- a hammer mill is selected for the mechanical loading of the light fraction, then it must be ensured by selecting a suitable screen perforation and suitable striking tools that the residence time in the hammer mill is sufficient to result in a satisfactory pulverization of the copper strands and metal wires.
- Particularly advantageous here sieve perforation with a hole diameter between 8 mm and 15 mm and impact tools have been found with a width between 6 mm and 14 mm.
- the means for loading the light fraction by means of impact and / or impact are preceded by means for separating ferromagnetic components, preferably at least one magnetic separator, in particular a magnetic drum or an overband magnetic device.
- an extremely expedient embodiment of the system according to the invention provides that the means for stressing the light fraction by means of impact and / or impact is followed by a classifier, in particular a screening device with a perforation of approximately 5-8 mm.
- the separation table means for surface cleaning at least the istgutfrtress are connected downstream, preferably in the form of a vertically aligned with its axis of rotation centrifuge.
- a development of the system according to the invention also provides that the means for surface cleaning an agglomeration device, in particular a discontinuous working, is connected downstream.
- the agglomeration device is expediently preceded by a buffer.
- the agglomeration device is followed by means for cooling and drying, preferably in the form of an air-conveying blower and / or in the form of a cooling-water feed device.
- the agglomeration device is followed by means for ferromagnetic metal deposition, preferably at least one neodymium magnet.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the successive process steps to obtain a plastic-rich light fraction LF (raw lint) and a plastic-rich heavy fraction SF (raw granules),
- FIG 3 shows a schematic flow diagram of a second part of the successive process steps for the preparation of the light fraction LF (raw lint)
- FIG. 1 shows the process flow in the preparation of low-metal, high-plastic waste KA to obtain a plastic-rich heavy fraction SF and a plastic-rich light fraction LF, which may be followed, for example, a shredder process of end-of-life vehicles.
- metal-containing wastes are first digested by a comminution process in a shredder process known per se in a shredder. Subsequent separation of an airworthy shredder light fraction SLF by a Suction device. The remaining after the suction heavy non-flyable stream is separated on a magnetic separator in a ferromagnetic and a non-ferromagnetic fraction.
- the ferromagnetic fraction is referred to as shredder scrap and represents the primary product of the shredder that can be used directly in metallurgy.
- the remaining heavy, non-ferromagnetic fraction is referred to as the shredder heavy fraction SSF.
- the shredder light fraction SLF is further processed alone or together with the shredder heavy fraction SSF and optionally with other metal-rich, plastic-rich wastes according to the invention and when they are subjected to the process according to the invention are referred to as low-metal, plastic-rich waste KA.
- These waste plastics have a metal content of ⁇ 20%, preferably a metal content in the size range of 5%.
- One or more feed containers B1 and / or B2 are provided for feeding the metal-poor, plastic-rich wastes in order to decouple the preparation process according to the invention from upstream processes, for example the shredder process.
- a first method step V1 the ferromagnetic components FE are separated by means of a magnetic separator MA1 as ferromagnetic fraction, which can thus be fed to a metallurgical processing process for raw material recycling.
- the process step V2 is followed by a process step V3 for the deposition of nonferromagnetic metal constituents NE (non-ferromagnetic metal fraction), such as copper, brass and aluminum.
- means NE1 for eddy current separation or for sensitive metal separation by means of color or false color detection can be used here.
- the use of the VARISORT system from S & S GmbH has proved its worth here.
- the subsequent process step V4 of the separation of coarse constituents significantly reduces the wear in the next process step V5 of the main comminution.
- the process step V4 for separating the coarse constituents SG means ST for air flow separation, so-called Air Knife systems, come. After separation of the heavy material in step V5 crushing of the remaining fractions by means of a hammer mill HM.
- the comminution takes place in such a way that the volume of the light fraction LF (crude fluff) contained in the remaining fractions is increased, whereby in a later process step V7 an improved and fractionally clean separation of the remaining fractions into a light fraction LF (raw flow) and a Heavy fraction SF (raw granules) is possible.
- a light fraction LF raw flow
- a Heavy fraction SF raw granules
- To separate the remaining Fraction are provided according to the embodiment means (WS) for air classification.
- the resulting heavy fraction SF (raw granules) has an average bulk material weight of 0.3 t / m 3 .
- a process step V6 is provided, in which a second raw sand fraction RS2 is separated by means of a sieve device SE2.
- the hole size of the sieve device SE2 is preferably in the range of 4 - 6 mm.
- the light fraction LF (crude fluff) thus produced is refined by the method shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the first part of the method (method steps VF1 to VF5 or optional method steps VF6 1 , VF6 ”) and in FIG 3 shows the second part of the method (method steps VF6 to VF9)
- the light fraction LF is subjected in a first process step VF1 to the deposition of the ferromagnetic constituents FE which were digested during the comminution in process step V5
- a magnetic separator MA2 for example a magnetic drum or an overband magnet device, is used.
- a mechanical stress in particular an impact treatment, preferably in a rotor impact mill or in a hammer mill HM, wherein metal or copper wires and strands present in the material are sphered.
- the material is subjected to a classification, preferably by means of a sieve device SE with a hole diameter of 5-8 mm.
- a classification preferably by means of a sieve device SE with a hole diameter of 5-8 mm.
- the first light-weighting group LF1 is subjected to density separation, the method step VF4 being subdivided into the method steps VF41 and VF42.
- the light material fraction LF1 is fed to an air classifier WSR with a zigzag-shaped, approximately vertically aligned suction channel.
- the suction air flow in the suction channel can be regulated by means of a frequency-controlled blower and is dependent on the density or specific gravity of the inserted brought light fraction LF1 regulated.
- the light fraction substantially freed from the dust is fed to a separation table TT.
- This is adjustable in terms of its acting on the light fraction to be separated air flow, its Rüttelamplitude and its inclination.
- Thechtfr forcingskiasse LF1 is separated by the separation table TT into a light material fraction LF1-LG and a heavy material fraction LF1-SG.
- the heavy material fraction LF1-SG has a granular consistency with an average bulk density of about 400-500 kg / m3 and contains copper in the form of strands or wires.
- the heavy material fraction LF1-SG is fed to a further processing module VM, which is not the subject of the present invention.
- the light material fraction LF1-LG is subjected to a cleaning by a special cleaning device RE in a subsequent process step VF5.
- the cleaning device RE comprises at least one centrifuge in which a dry surface cleaning of the light material fraction LF1-LG takes place.
- the light material fraction LF1-LG is dedusted by means of the centrifuge, ie freed from heavy metal-contaminated dust STF2 (i.w. containing lead and zinc).
- the thus purified light material fraction LF1-LG can be fed to a pelletizing unit VF6 'in a pelletizer PE or a briquetting unit VF6 "in a briquetting unit BE, preferably it (LF1-LG) is in each case fed to an agglomeration VF6
- the light material fraction LF1-LG is carried out in a suitable agglomeration AGE at about 100 0 C to 18O 0 C, preferably at about 14O 0 C to 170 0 C by a batch process, until a free-flowing consistency of the material to be processed (LF1- Due to the discontinuous agglomeration, it is necessary to arrange a material buffer P prior to agglomeration VF6, but this offers the advantage of decoupling process step VF6 from the upstream process steps and the possibility of adding an additional feed B of material buffer P to other, preferably also to make materials that have been treated with a bruise, but also Before the pelleting VF6 'or b
- the agglomerate formed by the agglomeration VF6 is already cooled in the agglomerator by means of cooling water to about 50-60 0 C.
- suitable (not shown) means may be provided to subject the agglomerate to agglomeration of a gas-based extraction of pollutants.
- the agglomerate can then be further cooled down to ambient temperature (VF7) by means of a cooling device KE.
- the cooling device KE can work with water here.
- it is also conceivable cooling by means of air for example air of a Lucas-gebläses.
- drying VF8 is recommended by means of a suitable drying device TE.
- the drying VF8 can be done for example by air, even with heated air.
- the method steps VF7 and VF8 can also be operated in parallel.
- the agglomerate is fed to a metal deposit VF9, wherein a neodymium magnet which achieves very high separation performance with small dimensions is preferably used as the metal separator MA3.
- the metal deposition device MA3 the magnetic (during the agglomeration process, the lint-type material (LF1-LG) was slightly magnetic due to impregnation with ferromagnetic particles) is separated from the non-magnetic, predominantly copper-containing materials.
- a high-purity shredder lint agglomerate (SFA) and a copper / plastic granulate G are produced as end products.
- the copper / plastic granulate G (like the heavy material LF1-SG) is likewise fed to the further processing module VM which, as already mentioned, is not the subject of the present invention ,
- Lightweight LF1-LG which was produced by density separation of the first light weight class LF1
- NE1 means for depositing non-ferromagnetic metal components
- V1-V7 Process steps for the treatment of metal-poor, plastic-rich wastes
- WS means for separating into a light and a heavy fraction
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/937,524 US8616378B2 (en) | 2008-04-12 | 2009-03-21 | Method and equipment for conditioning scrap high in plastics |
BRPI0909013A BRPI0909013A2 (pt) | 2008-04-12 | 2009-03-21 | processo e instalação para o tratamento de resíduos ricos em material sintético |
CN200980112874.3A CN101998885B (zh) | 2008-04-12 | 2009-03-21 | 用于对塑料富集的废物进行处理的方法和设备 |
EP09731075.9A EP2268406B1 (de) | 2008-04-12 | 2009-03-21 | Verfahren und anlage zur aufbereitung von kunststoffreichen abfällen |
RU2010146080/03A RU2471575C2 (ru) | 2008-04-12 | 2009-03-21 | Способ и установка для переработки отходов, богатых пластмассами |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008018527 | 2008-04-12 | ||
DE102008018527.2 | 2008-04-12 | ||
DE200810026417 DE102008026417A1 (de) | 2008-04-12 | 2008-06-02 | Verfahren und Anlage zur Aufbereitung von kunststoffreichen Abfällen |
DE102008026417.2 | 2008-06-02 | ||
DE102008026416A DE102008026416A1 (de) | 2008-04-12 | 2008-06-02 | Verfahren und Anlage zur Aufbereitung von Kunststoffabfällen |
DE102008026416.4 | 2008-06-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2009124651A1 true WO2009124651A1 (de) | 2009-10-15 |
Family
ID=41060697
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2009/002104 WO2009124651A1 (de) | 2008-04-12 | 2009-03-21 | Verfahren und anlage zur aufbereitung von kunstoffreichen abfällen |
PCT/EP2009/002103 WO2009124650A1 (de) | 2008-04-12 | 2009-03-21 | Verfahren und anlage zur aufbereitung von kunststoffabfällen |
Family Applications After (1)
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PCT/EP2009/002103 WO2009124650A1 (de) | 2008-04-12 | 2009-03-21 | Verfahren und anlage zur aufbereitung von kunststoffabfällen |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
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US (2) | US8985339B2 (de) |
EP (2) | EP2271430B1 (de) |
CN (2) | CN101998885B (de) |
BR (2) | BRPI0909013A2 (de) |
DE (2) | DE102008026417A1 (de) |
RU (2) | RU2471576C2 (de) |
WO (2) | WO2009124651A1 (de) |
Cited By (5)
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WO2012091558A2 (en) | 2010-12-31 | 2012-07-05 | Holland Composites Innovation B.V. | Composite materials and shaped articles |
WO2012091557A1 (en) | 2010-12-31 | 2012-07-05 | Holland Composites Innovation B.V. | Composite materials and shaped articles |
EP2764969A1 (de) | 2013-02-07 | 2014-08-13 | Holland Composites Innovation B.V. | Recycelte Verbundwerkstoffe und geformte Artikel |
WO2017135817A1 (en) | 2016-02-01 | 2017-08-10 | Arn Holding B.V. | Process for preparing automotive shredder fibre residue pellets |
WO2023057657A3 (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-06-08 | Mater A/S | A method for producing an article manufactured from thermoplastic and fiber waste and a composite material comprising thermoplastic and fiber waste |
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JP2011526320A (ja) | 2008-06-26 | 2011-10-06 | キャセラ ウェイスト システムズ インク | 統合型廃棄物貯蔵用のシステム及び方法 |
WO2012167070A1 (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2012-12-06 | Dingrong Bai | Systems and methods for producing engineered fuel feed stocks from waste material |
US9000318B2 (en) * | 2012-06-25 | 2015-04-07 | International Business Machines Corporation | Identification of plastic material composition |
US9192984B2 (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2015-11-24 | Francis A. Lesters | Waste foundry sand to frac sand process |
RU2753797C1 (ru) * | 2020-07-10 | 2021-08-23 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Научно-Производственное Объединение "Экоспас" | Установка мобильная термической утилизации и способ её использования |
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- 2009-03-21 BR BRPI0909013A patent/BRPI0909013A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101998885A (zh) | 2011-03-30 |
RU2010146080A (ru) | 2012-05-20 |
CN101998885B (zh) | 2014-04-30 |
US20110114540A1 (en) | 2011-05-19 |
BRPI0911655B1 (pt) | 2020-02-18 |
EP2268406A1 (de) | 2011-01-05 |
EP2268406B1 (de) | 2017-04-19 |
RU2471575C2 (ru) | 2013-01-10 |
CN101998886A (zh) | 2011-03-30 |
US8616378B2 (en) | 2013-12-31 |
US8985339B2 (en) | 2015-03-24 |
EP2271430A1 (de) | 2011-01-12 |
WO2009124650A1 (de) | 2009-10-15 |
EP2271430B1 (de) | 2018-08-01 |
CN101998886B (zh) | 2014-02-12 |
RU2010146082A (ru) | 2012-05-20 |
RU2471576C2 (ru) | 2013-01-10 |
US20110094941A1 (en) | 2011-04-28 |
DE102008026417A1 (de) | 2009-10-15 |
BRPI0909013A2 (pt) | 2015-09-22 |
DE102008026416A1 (de) | 2009-10-15 |
BRPI0911655A2 (pt) | 2015-10-13 |
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