WO2009102719A1 - Peelable composite thermoplastic sealants in packaging films - Google Patents
Peelable composite thermoplastic sealants in packaging films Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009102719A1 WO2009102719A1 PCT/US2009/033677 US2009033677W WO2009102719A1 WO 2009102719 A1 WO2009102719 A1 WO 2009102719A1 US 2009033677 W US2009033677 W US 2009033677W WO 2009102719 A1 WO2009102719 A1 WO 2009102719A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sealing
- seal
- organoclay
- peelable
- packaging system
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 title description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 229920006280 packaging film Polymers 0.000 title 1
- 239000012785 packaging film Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 188
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- -1 propylene, ethylene vinyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- QLZJUIZVJLSNDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylidenebutanoyloxy)ethyl 2-methylidenebutanoate Chemical compound CCC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(=C)CC QLZJUIZVJLSNDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920012753 Ethylene Ionomers Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- QHZOMAXECYYXGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)C=C QHZOMAXECYYXGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006226 ethylene-acrylic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005042 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006244 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052900 illite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L nonaaluminum;magnesium;tripotassium;1,3-dioxido-2,4,5-trioxa-1,3-disilabicyclo[1.1.1]pentane;iron(2+);oxygen(2-);fluoride;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[F-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2 VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 151
- 241000283216 Phocidae Species 0.000 description 134
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004715 ethylene vinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 3
- UFRKOOWSQGXVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;ethenol Chemical compound C=C.OC=C UFRKOOWSQGXVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010096 film blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012802 nanoclay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003182 Surlyn® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005035 Surlyn® Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004775 Tyvek Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000690 Tyvek Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010101 extrusion blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- RZXDTJIXPSCHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-diene-2,5-diol Chemical compound OC(=C)CCC(O)=C RZXDTJIXPSCHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036512 infertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005026 oriented polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012858 packaging process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013074 reference sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004439 roughness measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/76—Making non-permanent or releasable joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D33/00—Details of, or accessories for, sacks or bags
- B65D33/16—End- or aperture-closing arrangements or devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
- B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
- B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
- B29C66/1312—Single flange to flange joints, the parts to be joined being rigid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
- B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
- B29C66/4312—Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
- B29C66/43121—Closing the ends of tubular or hollow single articles, e.g. closing the ends of bags
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
- B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
- B29C66/5346—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
- B29C66/53461—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7311—Thermal properties
- B29C66/73115—Melting point
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/735—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7352—Thickness, e.g. very thin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
- B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
- B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
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- B29C65/82—Testing the joint
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- B29C65/82—Testing the joint
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- B29C65/82—Testing the joint
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- B29C66/72328—Paper
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- B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
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- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to package systems that include a peelable seal, and in particular, the present invention relates to compositions and methods for forming such peelable seals.
- Packaging is an important feature in selling and marketing most products.
- Food products in particular, have rather stringent packaging requirements in order to preserve freshness and enhance shelf life.
- Certain medical devices also present strict packaging requirements in order to preserve sterility of such devices.
- the package is typically vacuum-packed or gas-flushed and subsequently hermetically sealed.
- efficient packaging of products is mandatory, various aesthetic properties of a product package are also important. For example, the appearance of a product is important in appccling to consumers.
- the ability to easily open a package will depend on the mechanical properties of the seal. 77464
- a pcclable seal is formed by coaling a heat sealable polymeric material onto a metal foil. Since packaging incorporating such seals are often impervious to air and contaminants, peelable seals must also be 5 impervious to these materials. When a package having a peelable seal is opened, a sealing layer may be peeled away from a substrate. It is desirable for such peeling to be achievable with a low and relatively constant peel force.
- the elastic properties of the pcclable seal are such that failure of the seal does not occur from flexing and normal handling of the package. In some prior art packaging, peelable seals are
- packaging systems having such seals include tray-type food packages, bottles or blister packages, and the like.
- peelable sealing packages work reasonably well, it has been difficult to construct packaging systems that consistently form hermetic seals that resist leaking while being easily opened by an end user. Moreover, such prior art
- Narrow sealing temperature ranges tend to result in packaging defects. For example, on the low end of the usable temperature range leaking seals may be formed (not hermetically sealed). On the high end of the usable temperature range, non-peelable seal are formed which tear when opened.
- the present invention solves one or more problems of the prior art by providing in at least unc embodiment a peelable sealing structure.
- the peelable 25 sealing structure of this embodiment advantageously includes a sealing surface that is formable into a peelable seal upon contact with a sealing substrate at all temperatures in a peelable seal temperature range.
- the peelable sealing structure of this embodiment comprises a thermoplastic polymer, and an additive dispersed within al least a portion of the thermoplastic polymer.
- a peelable scaling structure is useful for forming a peelable seal at the opening of a container.
- the peelable sealing structure of this embodiment comprises a sealing layer and one or more optional additional layers.
- the sealing layer includes a 5 functionalized organoclay dispersed with a thermoplastic polymer.
- the incorporation of functionalized organoclay particles within commonly used heat scalable thermoplastic polymers is found to provide a consistent peel strength over a broad range of heat scaling conditions.
- the blend of commercially available organoclay polymer concentrates with a wide range of polyolefin sealant resins 10 advantageously exhibits a peel strength inversely proportional to the percent load of organoclay.
- a packaging system incorporating the peelable sealing structures of the invention is provided.
- the packaging system of the invention includes a container section and a peelable sealing section attached to the container section.
- the sealing section includes the sealing layer of the invention set forth above.
- FIGURE IA is a schematic illustration of an Adhesive Type A failure
- FIGURE IB is a schematic illustration of an Adhesive Type B failure
- FIGURE 1C is a schematic illustration of a Delamination Type C failure
- FIGURE ID is a schematic illustration of a Break Type D failure
- FIGURE IE is a schematic illustration of a Break Type E failure
- FIGURE IF is a schematic illustration of an Elongation Type F failure
- FIGURE IG is a schematic illustration of a Peel + Elongation Type G failure
- FIGURE 2A is a schematic cross-section of a single layer sealing structure
- FIGURE 2B is a schematic cross-section of a two layer sealing section
- FIGURE 2C is a schematic cross-section of a three layer sealing layer
- FIGURE 3A is a schematic cross-section of a pouch-like packaging system incorporating an embodiment of the peelable sealing structure of the invention
- FIGURE 3B is a side view of the pouch-like packaging system of
- FIGURE 4A is a schematic cross-section of a refinement in which a sealing substrate includes a second sealing layer;
- FIGURE 4B is a schematic cross-section of a refinement in which 15 scaling substrate 160 includes second sealing layer 170 with peelable seal 162 being formed between first sealing layer 152 and second sealing layer 186;
- FIGURE 5A Is a schematic cross-section of a cup-like packaging system that uses the peelable seeling structures of the invention
- FIGURE 5B is a schematic cross-section of a blister packaging system 20 that uses the peelable seeling structures of the invention and incorporates multiple cup-like containers;
- FIGURE 6 is a diagram illustrating a method of forming the packaging systems of the invention.
- FIGURE 7A provides plots of the peel force versus temperature for a lop seal formed from a scaling layer having 5 wt % and 6 wt % organoclay;
- FIGURE 7B provides plots of the peel force versus temperature for seals made by the three layer co-extrusion of HDPE, EVOH, and a blend of LLDPE 5 and EVA with and without added organoclay;
- FIGURE 7C provides a plot of the peel force versus seal formation temperature for a seal made from a foil laminated to a sealing film
- FIGURE 8 is a series of plots for determining the melting temperature ("Tm");
- FIGURE 9 is a series of plots for determining the crystallization temperature .("Tc").
- FIGURE 1OA is a set of x-ray diffraction plots showing the dispersion of organoclay from Nanoblend 2001 within a sealing layer comprising polyethylene;
- FIGURE 1OB is a set of x-ray diffraction plots showing the dispersion 15 of organoclay from Nanoblend 2101 within a sealing layer comprising polyethylene;
- FIGURE 1 1 provides plots of seal strength versus seal formation temperature for seals made by an impulse sealer
- FIGURE 12A provides plots of seal strength versus seal formation temperature for seals made from polyethylene or a blend of polyethylene and EVA 20 made by a conduction sealing melhod;-
- FIGURE 12B provides plots of seal strength versus seal formation temperature for seals in which at least one of the sealing layers includes a blend of polyethylene, EVA, and organoclay; KRF 0102 PUSl
- FIGURE 13A provides Table 6 which summarizes the seal strength data for Figures 12A and 12B.
- FIGURE 13B is a continuation of Figure 13A
- FIGURE 14A is schematic cross-sections illustration of peelable seals 5 having one or more folds therein;
- FIGURE 14B is schematic cross-sections illustration of peelable seals having one or more folds therein.
- FIGURE 15 is a top view of a packaging system that has folds or bends incorporated within the seals.
- organoclay as used herein means organically modified clay. 25 Typically, such modification renders a clay more compatible and therefore mixablc with polymers.
- R 11 roughness average
- peelable seal means a seal that has a peel
- the upper limit is less than or equal to 5 lbs per inch of sample width. In other variation, the upper limit is less than or equal to 4 lbs per inch of sample width or less than the tear strength on the film substrate.
- peel force means force to separate two layers 10 as defined in ASTM F-88 which is incorporated by references. For example, this is the force necessary to separate two layers of one inch width by pulling.
- seal initiation temperature refers to the lowest temperature at which a seal is formed with a peel force of 0.5 lbs. per inch.
- the seal initiation temperature is the temperature of a surface (typically 15 metal) contacting a layer or layers that are to be sealed thereby promoting such sealing.
- the surface contacts the layer(s) with a dwell time from about 0.5 to 1 seconds with a pressure from 5 psi to 1200 psi.
- peelable seal temperature range means the range of temperatures at which a seal between two materials is formed such that the peel force 20 is between 0.5 lbs per one inch of sample width and a force that tears the seal as set forth above.
- seal 100 is formed from contact of a section of first sealing layer 102 with a section of 25 second sealing layer 104 to form a seal.
- Figure IA illustrates the behavior of a peelable seal in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention.
- FIG. 1A illustrates a seal in which the structure integrity of layer 102 fails when the seal is stressed forming tear 109.
- This seal failure is referred to as an Adhesive Type B failure.
- Figure 1C illustrates a seal which includes additional layers to form a multilayer 5 laminate structure. Layer 110 is attached to layer 102 while layer 104 is attached to layer 112. The mode of failure illustrated in Figure 1C is delamination at position 1 14. This seal failure is referred to as a Delamination Type C failure.
- Figure ID illustrates a material failure in which layer 104 breaks at position 120 close to a region in which layers 102, 104 are still adhered to one another. This seal failure is referred to as an Adhesive Type A failure.
- FIG. 1B illustrates a seal in which the structure integrity of layer 102 fails when the seal is stressed forming tear 109.
- This seal failure is referred to as an Adhesive Type B failure.
- Figure 1C illustrates a seal which includes additional layers to form a multilayer 5
- Figure IE illustrates a material failure in which layer 104 breaks at position 122 remote from a region in which layers 102, 104 are still adhered to one another. This seal failure is referred to as a Break Type E failure.
- Figure IF illuslralcs a material failure in which layers 102 and 104 stretch at sections 130, 132 that is not incoiporated in seal 100. This seal failure is referred to as an Elongation
- Figure IG illustrates a material failure in which layers 102, 104 separate at seal 100 by a peeling mechanism with a concurrent stretching at sections 136, 138.
- This seal failure is referred to as a Peel + Elongation Type G failure.
- Embodiments of the present invention advantageously form peelable seals that fail via the Adhesive Type A failure mechanism.
- a peelable sealing structure is provided.
- the peelable scaling structure of this embodiment comprises a thermoplastic polymer and an additive dispersed within at least a portion of the thermoplastic polymer.
- the peelable sealing structure defines a sealing surface that is formabie into a peelable seal at all temperatures within a peelable seal temperature
- the peelable seal temperature range is from a seal initiation temperature to a temperature that is that is at least 50° F degrees above the seal initiation temperature. In another embodiment of the present invention, the peelable seal temperature range is from a seal initiation temperature to a temperature that is that is at least 75° F degrees above the seal initiation temperature. In still
- the peelable seal temperature range is from a seal initiation temperature to a temperature that is at least 100 F degrees above the seal initiation temperature.
- the seal initiation 77464 is typically, for packaging applications the seal initiation 77464
- the seal initiation temperature ranges from about 170° F to about 350" F. In another variation, for packaging applications the seal initiation temperature ranges from about 170° F to about 250° F
- the peelable sealing structure is attached to a substrate to form a peelable seal or sealing section.
- Figure 2A is a schematic cross-section of a single layer sealing structure.
- peelable sealing structure 150 includes sealing layer 152.
- Figure 2B is a schematic cross-section of a two layer sealing
- Peelable sealing structure 150 includes sealing layer 152 and additional layer 154.
- Figure 2C is a schematic cross-section of a three layer sealing layer. In this variation, peelable sealing structure 150 includes sealing layer 152 and additional layers 154, 156.
- sealing layer 152 comprises a thermoplastic polymer, and an additive dispersed within the thermoplastic polymer.
- useful additives have a surface area greater than 100 rrr/gram and an aspect ratio greater than 10. Additionally, useful additions are crystalline or polycrystallinc. Examples of useful additives include, but arc not limited to,
- Sealing layer 152 is adapted to contact a substrate section of a container to form a peelable seal.
- Such containers may be of virtually any shape that is useful to package an object. Examples of such shapes include, but are not limited to, blisters, trays, bags, pouches, and combinations thereof.
- sealing layer 152 contacting a structure formed from neat sealant (e.g. organoclay/polyethylene layer against a neat polypropylene layer, organoclay/polyethylene layer against neat polyester layer, organoclay/polyethylene layer against a neat polyethylene layer).
- neat sealant e.g. organoclay/polyethylene layer against a neat polypropylene layer, organoclay/polyethylene layer against neat polyester layer, organoclay/polyethylene layer against a neat polyethylene layer.
- Processing aids such as antiblocking agents, antioxidants, slip additives, and the like arc optionally included into the sealing layers and do not affect the peel pattern of sealing structure 150.
- Additional layers 154, 156 are used to provide a number of useful features to the present embodiment.
- additional layers 154, 156 may be used to provide a number of useful features to the present embodiment.
- additional layers 154, 156 may be used to provide a number of useful features to the present embodiment.
- additional layers 154, 156 may be used to provide a number of useful features to the present embodiment.
- additional layers 154, 156 may be used to provide a number of useful features to the present embodiment.
- additional layers 154, 156 may
- the present embodiment encompasses, in addition to single layer peelable sealing structures, multilayer structures having any number of additional layers.
- the multi layer sealing structures are
- Sealing layer 152 is further characterized by various physical and structure variations and refinements which depend to some extent on the specific packaging desired. In one variation of the present embodiment, sealing layer 152 has a thickness from about 6 microns to about 120 microns. In another variation of the
- scaling layer 152 has a thickness from about 6 microns to about 30 microns.
- sealing layer 152 has a thickness from about 40 microns to about 120 microns. Sealing layer 152 is further distinguished from analogous layers formed without or with insufficient amounts of organoclay in having a higher degree of surface roughness. In one refinement, sealing
- 25 layer 152 has a surface roughness characterized by a roughness average from about 1500 to about 5000 angstroms.
- scaling layer 152 has a surface roughness characterized by a roughness average from about 2000 to about 4000 angstroms. It should be readily appreciated that in variations of the present invention, the degree and the quality of the surface roughness depends both on the methods and
- sealing layer 152 30 process parameters used Io form sealing layer 152.
- the sealing layers of various embodiments also exhibit somewhat higher tensile moduli than analogous layers 77464
- the scaling layer J 52 has a tensile modulus from about 500 to about 2000 MPa.
- Figure 3A is a cross- 5 section of a pouch-like packaging system incoiporating an embodiment of the peelable scaling structure of the invention.
- Figure 3B is a side view of a pouch-like packaging system incorporating an embodiment of the peelable sealing structure of the invention.
- Packaging system 160 includes container section 162 and peelable sealing section 164. Peelable sealing section 164 is attached to container section 162.
- Figure 3A depicts
- peelable sealing section 164 andcontainer section 162 are continuous, each being formed from the same multilayer structure (i.e., sheet).
- Container section 162 can have virtually any shape that is useful for packaging an object in a pouch.
- Sealing section 164 includes peeluble sealing structure 150.
- peelable sealing structure 150 includes sealing layer
- sealing layer 152 comprises a thermoplastic polymer and an additive such as an organoclay dispersed within the thermoplastic polymer.
- packaging system 160 furthermore
- peelable sealing structure 150 also includes sealing layer 152 disposed on additional layer 154. Specifically, a first portion of the combination 25 of sealing layer 152 disposed on additional layer 154 forms sealing structure 150 while a second portion of the combination of sealing layer 152 disposed on additional layer 154 forms sealing structure 150'. Sealing structures 150, 150' are continuous with container section 162. In a variation of the present embodiment, a third portion of the combination of sealing layer 152 disposed on additional layer 154 at least partially 30 forms container section 162.
- packaging system 160 is adapted to contain objcct(s) 180 (i.e., may be one or more objects). Examples of object(s) 180 77464
- that may be packaged include, but are not limited to, food products and sterilized objects (e.g., medical devices).
- Figure 4A is a 5 schematic cross-section of a refinement in which sealing layer 152 is substantially confined to the vicinity of peelable sealing section 164. This variation is achieved by either confining the incorporation of organoclay or by depositing a distinct layer in the vicinity of sealing structure 164. This variation further includes inner layer 182 and one or more additional layer 154.
- Figure 4B is a schematic cross-section of a
- packaging system 160 includes second sealing layer 186 with peelable seal 170 being formed between first sealing layer 152 and second sealing layer 186.
- sealing layer 152 extends minimally, if at all, into container section 162.
- container section 162 optionally includes liner layer 182 which is different than first scaling layer 152.
- sealing section 164 further includes one or more additional polymer layer(s) 154 disposed over first sealing layer 152 and/or second sealing layer 186.
- one or more addilional polymer layer(s) 154 at least partially form container section 162.
- FIG. 5A provides a schematic cross-section of a cup-like packaging system that uses the peelable seeling structures of the invention.
- Packaging system 190 includes peelable sealing structure 150 and sealing opening 192 of container section 194. A peripheral portion of peelable sealing structure 150 is disposed over 25 and contacts substrate section 196 of container section 194.
- Figure 5B provides a schematic cross-section of a blister packaging system that incorporates multiple cup- like containers.
- Blister packaging system 200 includes peelable sealing structure 152 and sealing openings 202, 204 of container sections 206, 208. A portion of peelable sealing structure 152 is disposed over and contacts substrate sections 210, 212 of 30 container sections 206, 208. 77464
- the peelable sealing structures of the various embodiments of the invention include an additive such as organoclays.
- organoclays include, but arc not limited to, kaolinite, montmorillonite-smectite clays, bentonite clays, illite clays, and combinations thereof.
- U.S. Patent Nos. 5 5,780,376, 5,739,087, 6,034,163, and 5,747,560 provide specific examples of nanoclays that are useful in practicing the present invention. The entire disclosure of each of these patents is hereby incorporated by reference.
- the organoclay is present in an amount from 1 wt % to 20 wt %of the combined weight of the thermoplastic polymer and the organoclay. In another 10 refinement of the present embodiment, the organoclay is present in an amount from 2 wt % to 10 wt % of the combined weight of the thermoplastic polymer and the organoclay.
- the organoclay used in peelable sealing layer 152 typically comprises a plurality of particles.
- the organoclay comprises a plurality of
- the organoclay comprises a plurality of particles having at least one spatial dimension less than 100 nm. In another variation, the organoclay comprises a plurality of particles having at least one spatial dimension less than 50 nm. In still another variation, the organoclay comprises a plurality of particles having spatial dimensions
- the organoclay comprises a plurality of particles having spatial dimensions greater than or equal to 5 nm.
- the organoclay comprises platelets having an average separation of at least 20 angstroms.
- the organoclay comprises platelets having an average separation of at least 30 angstroms.
- the organoclay comprises platelets having an average separation of at least 30 angstroms.
- organoclay comprises platelets having an average separation of at least 40 angstroms.
- the organoclay comprises platelets having an average separation between from 20 to 45 angstroms.
- the organoclay upon combining with the thermoplastic, the organoclay remains in this exfoliated state such that the average separation is maintained or increased.
- peelable sealing layer 152 also includes a thermoplastic polymer. Suitable thermoplastic polymers include, but are not limited 77464
- the thermoplastic polymer comprises a component selected from the group consisting of ethylene acrylic acid, ethylene ethyl acrylate, ethylene ionomers (e.g., the Surlyn® line of resins available from E.I. du Pont de Nemours and 5 Company), and combinations thereof.
- Polyolefins are particularly useful thermoplastic polymers in the practice of the invention.
- the polyolefin is selected from the group consisting of homopolymers and copolymers of ethylene, propylene, vinyl acetate, and combinations thereof.
- a blend of polyolefins with ethylene vinyl acetate (“EVA”) is found to be particularly useful in forming 10 peelabie seals especially when the additive is an organoclay.
- the container sections of the various embodiments of the invention are formed from virtually any material used for packaging.
- materials include, but are not limited to, paper, metal foil, polymeric sheets, metalizcd polymeric sheets, and combinations thereof. More specific examples include, oriented or non-oriented
- polyester 15 polyester, oriented or non-oriented polypropylene, oriented or non-oriented nylon, and combinations thereof. Each of these materials may be coated or uncoated. Examples of useful coatings include, but are not limited to, varnishes, lacquers, adhesives, inks, and barrier materials (i.e., PVDC). Useful materials for packaging medical devices include high density polyolefins. Tyvek® (a synthetic material made of high-density
- polyethylene fibers Commercially available from Dupont, Inc. is an example of a such a material used for packaging medical devices.
- TP polymer
- OC organoclay-polyrner blend
- this combining occurs in extruder 220.
- Sealing layer 152 is then formed by extrusion from die 222 in step b) from the organoclay-polymer blend.
- additional layer are formed by providing material from additional extruders (such as extruder 230) to die 222.
- thermoplastic polymer and the organclay are prcmixed in mixer 224 and then introduced into extruder 220.
- sealing 77464 is typically, sealing 77464
- step c This process may include steps in which the sides are sealed to produce the pouch structures of Figures 3-4. In a variation, the formation of opened packaging system 5 160 occurs during step b).
- thermoplastic polymer is combined with an organoclay by mixing a master batch with a neat polymer.
- the master batch comprising the organoclay and at least a portion of the thermoplastic polymer.
- the master batch typically includes from
- the step of forming sealing layer 152 is accomplished by any method capable of producing layers or films from thermoplastic compositions. Examples of such methods include, but are not limited to, extrusion, co-extrusion, blow molding, casting, extrusion blow molding, and film blowing.
- the method of the present embodiment optionally further comprises placing object(s) 180 within open packaging system 160 (step d).
- objcct(s) 180 reside within container section 162.
- sealing layer 152 is contacted with a sealing substrate (i.e., sealing structure 150') during step e) to form a seal.
- sealing 20 may be accomplished by any number of sealing methods known in the art. Examples, include, but are not limited to, conduction heat sealing, ultrasonic sealing, and induction sealing.
- Figure 7 A provides plots of the peel force versus temperature for a seal formed from a sealing layer made from a co-extruded HDPE and a LLDPE/EVA and organoclay blend (i.c, a bi-laycr).
- the seal of a sealed bag is 77464
- FIG. 7A demonstrates that the seals of the invention can be opened by a consistent opening force over a seal forming temperature range of 50" F degrees. Moreover, the seal strength is observed to be peelable and relatively flat over the temperature range 200° 5 F to 250° F.
- EVOH linear low density polyethylene
- the test sample consisted of a 2.4 mil film formed from a three layer coextrusion ofHDPE, EVOH, and a blend of LLDPE EVA and 5 wt% organoclay.
- the reference and test samples were sealed in a Sentina! sealer. Peel force is determined in accordance with ASTM F-88.
- the seal time for the points in Figure 7B is 0.50 sec and the seal jaw pressure is 30 PSI. It is observed that
- Figure 7C provides a plot of the peel force versus seal formation temperature for a seal made from a foil laminated to a sealing film.
- 48ga PET/50ga Foil is adhesively laminated to 3.2
- test film 20 mil test film.
- the test film is made from a LDPE/ LLDPE /organoclay blend.
- the seal is made Io a film of the same construction.
- the reference and test samples are sealed in a Sentinal sealer with peel force being determined in accordance with ASTM F-88.
- Figure 7C clearly show a consistent peelable seal being formed at temperatures from 300" F to 425 U F.
- NanoblendTM MB 2001 or NanoblendTM MB 2101 (“master batches") is mixed with a commercial polyethylene (“PE”) blend pouch sealant in a single-screw extruder with the sealant layer of the invention formed in a second film blowing operation.
- PE polyethylene
- the tensile properties of the resulting films are evaluated in accordance to ASTM D638 (Table 1) with a test speed of 50mm/min. Prior to testing, all samples
- the increusc in modulus being 75% for 3 wt % organoclay, 150% for 6 wt % organoclay, and 240% for 9 wt % organoclay.
- the Vicat Softening Temperature is observed to increase with increasing organoclay content with a sample having 9 wt % nanoclay exhibiting a 23" C increase in softening temperature.
- the data of Table 2 implies that crystallinity is substantially uneffected by the addition of organoclay to the polyethylene sealant
- Crystallization temperature and melting temperature are also evaluated.
- Figure 1OA provides a set of x-ray diffraction plots showing the dispersion of organocluy from Nanoblend 2001 within a sealing layer comprising polyethylene.
- Figure 1OB provides a set of x-ray diffraction plots showing the dispersion of organoclay from Nanoblend 2101 within a sealing layer comprising polyethylene.
- the 20 x-ray diffraction data demonstrates the mean separation of organoclay platelets is preserved (i.e., minimal agglomeration). Such preservation of separation allows for the achieved properties regarding peelability, tensile strength, HDT, and the elongation of break of embodiments of the present invention.
- Tables 3 and 4 provide surface roughness measurements for sealing
- the smoother side is from an HDPE layer not having organoclay.
- the rougher side is a LLDPE/EVA layer having organoclay.
- the organoclay-containing layers of the present invention arc found to have a higher degree of roughness than analogous samples not having organoclay. Moreover, the sample having 6 wt %
- organoclay has a greater amount of surface roughness than the sample having 5 wt % 77464
- organocluy thereby showing that the amount of surface roughness tends l ⁇ increase in the range of about 10% or less.
- Figure 1 1 provides plots of seal strength versus seal formation temperature.
- an impulse sealer is used for forming the seals.
- the temperature is set by a dial position.
- Figure 11 provides the seal strength as a function of dial position. Estimated temperatures are provided at the top of Figure 11.
- Figure 11 again, demonstrates the synergistic effect of the combination
- FIGS. 12A and 12B provides plots of the seal strength versus seal formation temperature for various combinations of seal layers. In these experiments a seal is formed between a first sealing layer and a second sealing layer.
- Figure 12A each
- sealing layer includes polyethylene or a blend of polyethylene and EVA.
- the seal strength increases with increasing temperature for these combinations over the temperature range 1 10" C to 140"C.
- at least one of the sealing layers includes a blend of polyethylene, EVA, and organoclay. For seals formed in this manner, Figure 12B illustrates the formation of peelable seals over a temperature range
- Figure 13A and 13B provide Table 6 which summarizes the seal strength data for Figures 12A and 12B while characterizing the type of failure mode (see Figures IA-IG). Table 6 clearly shows the formation of peelable seals over a wide range of temperatures.
- First sealing layer 252 includes bends 258, 260 and fold 262.
- second sealing layer 254 includes bends 264, 266.
- First layer sealing layer 252 includes first sealing surface 270 while second sealing layer 254 includes second sealing surface 272.
- Outer sealing surfaces 5 274, 276 are attached to additional layers as set forth above in connection with the descriptions of Figures 1-5.
- First sealing surface 270 contacts the second sealing surface 272 Io form seal 280.
- Figure 14B provides an illustration in which second scaling layer 254 includes minimal bends or folds.
- first sealing layer 252 and second sealing layer 254 include a thermoplastic polymer and an additive dispersed within the thermoplastic polymer.
- the additive is present in a sufficient amount to foi ⁇ n pcelablc seal 280 between the first sealing layer 252 and second sealing layer 254 at all temperatures within a peelable seal temperature range.
- the peelable seal temperature range is from a seal initiation temperature to a temperature that is at least 100 F degrees above the seal initiation temperature.
- the additive is an organoclay dispersed within at least a portion of the thermoplastic polymer.
- first sealing layer 252 and second sealing layer 254 have a seal initiation temperature
- Package 290 includes peelable seals 292, 294, 296. It should be appreciated that packaging with only one or
- Package 290 is depicted as containing food item 298.
- the presence of food item 298 within container section 300 during the packaging process causes a lifting of container wall 302.
- This lifting of container wall 302 induces the formation of bends and fold within peelable seals 292, 294, 296 as set forth in connection with the descriptions of Figures 14A and 14B.
- test with liquids containing dyes are also found to have low incidence of leaks.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Wrappers (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Bag Frames (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
- Package Closures (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (13)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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BRPI0907981-5A BRPI0907981A2 (en) | 2008-02-14 | 2009-02-10 | Peelable seal, and wrapping system |
UAA201011050A UA102384C2 (en) | 2008-02-14 | 2009-02-10 | Peelable sealing structure (embodiments) and packaging system |
JP2010546866A JP5555185B2 (en) | 2008-02-14 | 2009-02-10 | Thermoplastic sealant for strippable composites in packaging films. |
MX2010008936A MX2010008936A (en) | 2008-02-14 | 2009-02-10 | Peelable composite thermoplastic sealants in packaging films. |
AU2009214913A AU2009214913A1 (en) | 2008-02-14 | 2009-02-10 | Peelable composite thermoplastic sealants in packaging films |
EP09710079A EP2250013A4 (en) | 2008-02-14 | 2009-02-10 | Peelable composite thermoplastic sealants in packaging films |
NZ587217A NZ587217A (en) | 2008-02-14 | 2009-02-10 | Peelable composite thermoplastic sealants in packaging films |
CA2713987A CA2713987A1 (en) | 2008-02-14 | 2009-02-10 | Peelable composite thermoplastic sealants in packaging films |
CN2009801139381A CN102006992B (en) | 2008-02-14 | 2009-02-10 | Peelable composite thermoplastic sealants in packaging films |
RU2010137899/04A RU2499673C2 (en) | 2008-02-14 | 2009-02-10 | Peel composite thermoplastic sealants in packing films |
IL207385A IL207385A0 (en) | 2008-02-14 | 2010-08-03 | Peelable composite thermoplastic sealats in packaging films |
ZA2010/05701A ZA201005701B (en) | 2008-02-14 | 2010-08-10 | Peelable composite thermoplastic sealants in packaging films |
HK11110057.6A HK1155698A1 (en) | 2008-02-14 | 2011-09-23 | Peelable composite thermoplastic sealants in packaging films |
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US12/031,450 | 2008-02-14 | ||
US12/031,450 US7871697B2 (en) | 2006-11-21 | 2008-02-14 | Peelable composite thermoplastic sealants in packaging films |
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WO2009102719A1 true WO2009102719A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
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US (4) | US7871697B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2250013A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5555185B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101563026B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102006992B (en) |
AR (1) | AR072656A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2009214913A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0907981A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2713987A1 (en) |
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MY (1) | MY158291A (en) |
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UA (1) | UA102384C2 (en) |
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ZA (1) | ZA201005701B (en) |
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Also Published As
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US20110155623A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
CN102006992B (en) | 2013-12-11 |
RU2010137899A (en) | 2012-03-20 |
MX2010008936A (en) | 2010-09-07 |
UA102384C2 (en) | 2013-07-10 |
AR072656A1 (en) | 2010-09-15 |
US8110286B2 (en) | 2012-02-07 |
AU2009214913A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
HK1155698A1 (en) | 2012-05-25 |
ZA201005701B (en) | 2011-05-25 |
US20080131636A1 (en) | 2008-06-05 |
US9309027B2 (en) | 2016-04-12 |
RU2499673C2 (en) | 2013-11-27 |
US20130272631A1 (en) | 2013-10-17 |
NZ587217A (en) | 2012-06-29 |
US7871697B2 (en) | 2011-01-18 |
RU2013138728A (en) | 2015-02-27 |
CN102006992A (en) | 2011-04-06 |
US20120118786A1 (en) | 2012-05-17 |
BRPI0907981A2 (en) | 2015-08-04 |
US8470397B2 (en) | 2013-06-25 |
EP2250013A1 (en) | 2010-11-17 |
CR11675A (en) | 2010-10-11 |
KR20100114928A (en) | 2010-10-26 |
IL207385A0 (en) | 2010-12-30 |
MY158291A (en) | 2016-09-30 |
JP2011514918A (en) | 2011-05-12 |
JP5555185B2 (en) | 2014-07-23 |
EP2250013A4 (en) | 2012-04-18 |
KR101563026B1 (en) | 2015-10-23 |
CA2713987A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
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