WO2009101239A1 - System for pressurizing the inside space of a building, e.g. the stairway of an apartment block, in a fire scenario - Google Patents

System for pressurizing the inside space of a building, e.g. the stairway of an apartment block, in a fire scenario Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2009101239A1
WO2009101239A1 PCT/FI2008/050784 FI2008050784W WO2009101239A1 WO 2009101239 A1 WO2009101239 A1 WO 2009101239A1 FI 2008050784 W FI2008050784 W FI 2008050784W WO 2009101239 A1 WO2009101239 A1 WO 2009101239A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stairway
louvers
pressurizing
fan
appliance
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2008/050784
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jari Hokkanen
Raimo Perttunen
Markku HEIKKILÄ
Original Assignee
Fläkt Woods AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fläkt Woods AB filed Critical Fläkt Woods AB
Priority to GB1012081A priority Critical patent/GB2468993A/en
Priority to DE212008000101U priority patent/DE212008000101U1/en
Publication of WO2009101239A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009101239A1/en
Priority to DKBA201000164U priority patent/DK201000164U3/en

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/007—Ventilation with forced flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/33—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke
    • F24F11/34—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke by opening air passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/0001—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation
    • F24F2011/0002—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation for admittance of outside air
    • F24F2011/0004—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation for admittance of outside air to create overpressure in a room

Definitions

  • the object of this invention is a system for pressurizing the inside space of a building, e.g. the stairway of an apartment block, in a fire scenario as well as for removing smoke from the relevant space, which system comprises a fan for pressurizing as well as one or more openable and closable louvers that are in connection with the outdoor air for removing smoke.
  • the basic task of smoke management in a fire scenario is to keep the means of egress free of smoke and to safeguard the unhindered evacuation of people from the building.
  • apartment blocks pressurization of the stairway, hall and elevator shaft has become general, in which case a large amount of clean air is brought to these spaces in a fire scenario.
  • the spaces are kept overpressurized with respect to their environment.
  • a fan is needed for this, with which the pressurization is achieved.
  • pressurization creates substantially better operating conditions for those performing rescue work in a fire scenario.
  • the stairway is provided with smoke extraction, which most generally is located e.g. in the top part of the stairway and via which the fire gases are ventilated to the outdoor air.
  • smoke extraction which most generally is located e.g. in the top part of the stairway and via which the fire gases are ventilated to the outdoor air.
  • An outward opening louver without a fan or as an additional component of a fan is most generally used in smoke extraction.
  • the fire brigade starts the smoke extraction from a separate switch after arriving at the site of the fire.
  • the operating principle is that after a fire has broken out in some apartment, the fire detector of this apartment transmits a signal to the pressurizing fan, which starts.
  • the pressurizing fan is disposed e.g. in the bottom part of the stairway. Overpressure is produced in the stairway when the fan is operating, which overpressure prevents the access of smoke from the burning apartment to the stairway as long as most of the doors are closed.
  • the smoke extraction and ventilation is generally started.
  • a modern system thus requires a separate fan and smoke extraction louver.
  • the purpose of the invention is to achieve a new and better appliance than before.
  • the system according to the invention is characterized in that the system comprises an appliance that is in connection with the outdoor air, which appliance comprises an air duct, a fan arranged in the air duct and one or more openable and closable louvers between the air duct and the outdoor air.
  • One preferred embodiment of the system according to the invention is characterized in that the direction of rotation of the fan can be changed, in which case the first direction of rotation is intended to pressurize the stairway and the second direction of rotation is intended to enhance smoke extraction via the opened louvers.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the system according to the invention is characterized in that there are two openable and closable hinged louvers, to both of which an arm is connected for moving them, and in that the apparatus comprises linear motors, by means of which the arms are arranged to move and the louvers to open and close by means of them.
  • the invention improves personal safety during a fire in an evacuation situation and in those apartments that are located in the same stairway as the burning apartment.
  • the invention facilitates the design and implementation of pressurization and smoke extraction compared to existing solutions.
  • the appliance used in the system according to the invention is compact.
  • Fig. 1 presents a side view of an appliance according to the invention with the louvers open.
  • Fig. 2 presents an A-A section of Fig. 1.
  • the drawings thus present an appliance 1 according to the invention for pressurizing the inside space of a building, e.g. the stairway, and for removing smoke from the relevant space. Both functions are integrated into the same appliance.
  • the appliance is disposed e.g. in the top part of the stairway, preferably on the roof of it, such that it is in connection with the outdoor air.
  • the appliance is thus generally disposed on the roof of the building.
  • the appliance comprises walls 3, which border e.g. an essentially rectangular shaped air duct 4 inside them.
  • the top part of the duct is in a normal situation closed with the louvers 2, but the drawings present a situation, generally a fire scenario, in which the louvers are open.
  • the louvers 2 are hinged at their outer edges to the wall 3.
  • the louvers are provided with arms 5, which are moved backwards and forwards in the longitudinal direction with linear motors 6 for opening and closing the louvers.
  • the air duct 4 is protected at it bottom end with a protective net 7.
  • An axial fan 8 the direction of rotation of which can be changed, is installed in the duct 4.
  • the structure of the axial fan is not described in more detail in this context because it can be any prior-art solution whatsoever that is suited to its purpose.
  • the system according to the invention and the appliance 1 used in it operate e.g. as follows:
  • the louvers 2 of the appliance open and the axial fan 8 starts, blowing clean outdoor air into the stairway.
  • overpressure e.g. approx. 50
  • Pa is produced in the stairway, which prevents the access of fire gases into the stairway.
  • the overpressure starts to decrease when a door is opened, e.g. when residents leave their apartments out of the bottom door of the stairway.
  • the fire brigade personnel can start smoke removal with the appliance according to the invention. This occurs from a separate switch, by means of which the direction of rotation of the axial fan 8 is changed and the fire gases start to exit into the outdoor air via the duct 4 of the appliance 1.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the duct 4 of the appliance 1 can be other than a rectangle.
  • louvers 2 can vary.
  • their opening and closing mechanism can also be other than what is presented above.

Abstract

System for pressurizing the inside space of a building, e.g. the stairway of an apartment block, in a fire scenario as well as for removing smoke from the relevant space, which system comprises a fan (8) for pressurizing as well as one or more louvers (2) for removing smoke. The invention is implemented such that the system comprises an appliance that is in connection with the outdoor air, which appliance comprises an air duct (4), a fan (8) arranged in the air duct and one or more openable and closable louvers (2) between the air duct (4) and the outdoor air.

Description

SYSTEM FOR PRESSURIZING THE INSIDE SPACE OF A BUILDING, E.G. THE STAIRWAY OF AN APARTMENT BLOCK, IN A FIRE SCENARIO
The object of this invention is a system for pressurizing the inside space of a building, e.g. the stairway of an apartment block, in a fire scenario as well as for removing smoke from the relevant space, which system comprises a fan for pressurizing as well as one or more openable and closable louvers that are in connection with the outdoor air for removing smoke.
The basic task of smoke management in a fire scenario is to keep the means of egress free of smoke and to safeguard the unhindered evacuation of people from the building. In apartment blocks pressurization of the stairway, hall and elevator shaft has become general, in which case a large amount of clean air is brought to these spaces in a fire scenario. The spaces are kept overpressurized with respect to their environment. A fan is needed for this, with which the pressurization is achieved. In this way the means of egress are kept free of smoke and the evacuation of people from the building is safeguarded. In addition to improving evacuation safety, pressurization creates substantially better operating conditions for those performing rescue work in a fire scenario.
In addition to this the stairway is provided with smoke extraction, which most generally is located e.g. in the top part of the stairway and via which the fire gases are ventilated to the outdoor air. An outward opening louver without a fan or as an additional component of a fan is most generally used in smoke extraction. Typically the fire brigade starts the smoke extraction from a separate switch after arriving at the site of the fire.
The operating principle is that after a fire has broken out in some apartment, the fire detector of this apartment transmits a signal to the pressurizing fan, which starts. Typically the pressurizing fan is disposed e.g. in the bottom part of the stairway. Overpressure is produced in the stairway when the fan is operating, which overpressure prevents the access of smoke from the burning apartment to the stairway as long as most of the doors are closed. In the stage when the fire brigade arrives at the site, the smoke extraction and ventilation is generally started. A modern system thus requires a separate fan and smoke extraction louver. The purpose of the invention is to achieve a new and better appliance than before. The system according to the invention is characterized in that the system comprises an appliance that is in connection with the outdoor air, which appliance comprises an air duct, a fan arranged in the air duct and one or more openable and closable louvers between the air duct and the outdoor air.
One preferred embodiment of the system according to the invention is characterized in that the direction of rotation of the fan can be changed, in which case the first direction of rotation is intended to pressurize the stairway and the second direction of rotation is intended to enhance smoke extraction via the opened louvers.
Another preferred embodiment of the system according to the invention is characterized in that there are two openable and closable hinged louvers, to both of which an arm is connected for moving them, and in that the apparatus comprises linear motors, by means of which the arms are arranged to move and the louvers to open and close by means of them.
Some of the advantages of the invention that can be mentioned are that it improves personal safety during a fire in an evacuation situation and in those apartments that are located in the same stairway as the burning apartment. The invention facilitates the design and implementation of pressurization and smoke extraction compared to existing solutions. The appliance used in the system according to the invention is compact.
In the following, the invention will be described in more detail by the aid of a preferred embodiment with reference to the attached drawings, wherein
Fig. 1 presents a side view of an appliance according to the invention with the louvers open.
Fig. 2 presents an A-A section of Fig. 1.
The drawings thus present an appliance 1 according to the invention for pressurizing the inside space of a building, e.g. the stairway, and for removing smoke from the relevant space. Both functions are integrated into the same appliance. The appliance is disposed e.g. in the top part of the stairway, preferably on the roof of it, such that it is in connection with the outdoor air. The appliance is thus generally disposed on the roof of the building. The appliance comprises walls 3, which border e.g. an essentially rectangular shaped air duct 4 inside them. The top part of the duct is in a normal situation closed with the louvers 2, but the drawings present a situation, generally a fire scenario, in which the louvers are open. The louvers 2 are hinged at their outer edges to the wall 3. The louvers are provided with arms 5, which are moved backwards and forwards in the longitudinal direction with linear motors 6 for opening and closing the louvers. The air duct 4 is protected at it bottom end with a protective net 7.
An axial fan 8, the direction of rotation of which can be changed, is installed in the duct 4. The structure of the axial fan is not described in more detail in this context because it can be any prior-art solution whatsoever that is suited to its purpose. The system according to the invention and the appliance 1 used in it operate e.g. as follows:
A fire breaks out in some apartment, in which case the fire detector of the apartment gives a signal to the appliance 1 according to the invention. In this case the louvers 2 of the appliance open and the axial fan 8 starts, blowing clean outdoor air into the stairway. In this case overpressure (e.g. approx. 50
Pa) is produced in the stairway, which prevents the access of fire gases into the stairway. The overpressure of course starts to decrease when a door is opened, e.g. when residents leave their apartments out of the bottom door of the stairway. In that stage when the smoke finally starts to enter the stairway, the fire brigade personnel can start smoke removal with the appliance according to the invention. This occurs from a separate switch, by means of which the direction of rotation of the axial fan 8 is changed and the fire gases start to exit into the outdoor air via the duct 4 of the appliance 1.
It is obvious to the person skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the embodiments presented above, but that it can be varied within the scope of the claims presented below. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the duct 4 of the appliance 1 can be other than a rectangle. There are one or more louvers 2 and the shape of them can vary. Likewise their opening and closing mechanism can also be other than what is presented above.

Claims

1. System for pressurizing the inside space of a building, e.g. the stairway of an apartment block, in a fire scenario as well as for removing smoke from the relevant space, which system comprises a fan (8) for pressurizing as well as one or more louvers (2) for removing smoke, characterized in that the system comprises an appliance that is in connection with the outdoor air, which appliance comprises an air duct (4), a fan (8) arranged in the air duct and one or more openable and closable louvers (2) between the air duct (4) and the outdoor air.
2. System according to claim ^ characterized in that the direction of rotation of the fan (8) can be changed, in which case the first direction of rotation is intended to pressurize the stairway and the second direction of rotation is intended to enhance smoke extraction via the opened louvers (2).
3. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that there are two openable and closable hinged louvers (2), to both of which an arm (5) is connected for moving them, and in that the apparatus comprises linear motors (6), by means of which the arms are arranged to move and the louvers (2) to open and close by means of them.
PCT/FI2008/050784 2007-12-27 2008-12-22 System for pressurizing the inside space of a building, e.g. the stairway of an apartment block, in a fire scenario WO2009101239A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1012081A GB2468993A (en) 2007-12-27 2008-12-22 Thermal cycling instrument and methods for carrying out pcr
DE212008000101U DE212008000101U1 (en) 2008-02-13 2008-12-22 System for pressurizing the interior of a building, e.g. the staircase of an apartment block, in a fire scenario
DKBA201000164U DK201000164U3 (en) 2008-02-13 2010-09-01 Installations for pressurizing the interior space of a building, e.g. the staircase in a storey house, by a fire scenario

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FIU20080056 2008-02-13
FI20080056U FI8008U1 (en) 2008-02-13 2008-02-13 System for pressurizing an interior space in a building, such as a staircase in a high-rise building, in the event of fire

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009101239A1 true WO2009101239A1 (en) 2009-08-20

Family

ID=39149085

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2008/050784 WO2009101239A1 (en) 2007-12-27 2008-12-22 System for pressurizing the inside space of a building, e.g. the stairway of an apartment block, in a fire scenario

Country Status (5)

Country Link
DE (1) DE212008000101U1 (en)
DK (1) DK201000164U3 (en)
FI (1) FI8008U1 (en)
PL (1) PL65737Y1 (en)
WO (1) WO2009101239A1 (en)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2448057A3 (en) * 1979-02-01 1980-08-29 Coulaud Georges Automatic fan for emergency use - has integral batteries and sensor switches enabling use to ventilate stairways in case of fire
GB2265456A (en) * 1992-03-27 1993-09-29 Hsieh Chuen Shen System for exhausting fire smoke by reversing axial flow fan of an air conditioning unit
US5788571A (en) * 1997-01-22 1998-08-04 Ivison; John T. Method of venting smoke from highrise residential buildings
DE19856193A1 (en) * 1998-12-05 2000-06-08 Schulte Guenter Protecting parts of building against smoke caused by fire involves detecting smoke on successive occurrences, initiating flushing phase each time by setting maximum outlet cross-section

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2448057A3 (en) * 1979-02-01 1980-08-29 Coulaud Georges Automatic fan for emergency use - has integral batteries and sensor switches enabling use to ventilate stairways in case of fire
GB2265456A (en) * 1992-03-27 1993-09-29 Hsieh Chuen Shen System for exhausting fire smoke by reversing axial flow fan of an air conditioning unit
US5788571A (en) * 1997-01-22 1998-08-04 Ivison; John T. Method of venting smoke from highrise residential buildings
DE19856193A1 (en) * 1998-12-05 2000-06-08 Schulte Guenter Protecting parts of building against smoke caused by fire involves detecting smoke on successive occurrences, initiating flushing phase each time by setting maximum outlet cross-section

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL65737Y1 (en) 2011-12-30
DK201000164U3 (en) 2010-10-22
DK201000164U1 (en) 2010-09-24
PL119284U1 (en) 2010-12-06
DE212008000101U1 (en) 2010-10-14
FI8008U1 (en) 2008-09-11
FIU20080056U0 (en) 2008-02-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
KR101497963B1 (en) Window system with a fireproof partition function
KR102462045B1 (en) Smoke controlling equipment when fire occurred
KR101242179B1 (en) method of fire smoke control of building
KR200437361Y1 (en) damper for builing
AU2013203874B2 (en) Apparatus for exhausting air
US20140199938A1 (en) Apparatus for exhausting air
DK180278B1 (en) A roof window system comprising a ventilation assembly with an exhaust device
WO2009101239A1 (en) System for pressurizing the inside space of a building, e.g. the stairway of an apartment block, in a fire scenario
JP3567397B2 (en) Smoke control system
KR101194362B1 (en) Ventilation system and method for ships
KR20160131512A (en) Ventilation system for elevator hall
KR102320354B1 (en) Poisonous gas exhaust system
JPH04367670A (en) Smoke exhausting method at the time of fire in high multiple dwelling house
KR101912079B1 (en) Emergency door for fire escape
JP2016133275A (en) Ventilation air-conditioning system and building
CN211776189U (en) Laboratory fire control system of discharging fume
KR200480677Y1 (en) Fire escape system using bathroom
JP3706985B2 (en) Operation method of smoke prevention system in commercial facilities
KR102555585B1 (en) Easy to clean and ventilate window system
JP2003185211A (en) Pressurized smoke extraction system for firing room utilizing air conditioning facilities
JP2005016785A (en) Air conditioning combined smoke exhaust system
KR960006752Y1 (en) Open-close device of ventilator
KR200211892Y1 (en) Damper equipment
JP2017217192A (en) Fire smoke control system for building
JP5282977B2 (en) Pressurized smoke prevention system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 08872394

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1012081.4

Country of ref document: GB

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 119284

Country of ref document: PL

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 08872394

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1