WO2009075430A1 - Method for producing mineral water from deep sea water - Google Patents

Method for producing mineral water from deep sea water Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009075430A1
WO2009075430A1 PCT/KR2008/003236 KR2008003236W WO2009075430A1 WO 2009075430 A1 WO2009075430 A1 WO 2009075430A1 KR 2008003236 W KR2008003236 W KR 2008003236W WO 2009075430 A1 WO2009075430 A1 WO 2009075430A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
mineral
deep sea
concentrate
obtaining
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2008/003236
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Eun-Kyung Cho
Tae-Myun Son
Yong-Shik Chu
Young-Won Yoon
Nam-Chul Kim
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Watervis, Inc.
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Application filed by Watervis, Inc. filed Critical Watervis, Inc.
Publication of WO2009075430A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009075430A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
    • A23L2/38—Other non-alcoholic beverages
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
    • A23L2/70—Clarifying or fining of non-alcoholic beverages; Removing unwanted matter
    • A23L2/72—Clarifying or fining of non-alcoholic beverages; Removing unwanted matter by filtration
    • A23L2/74—Clarifying or fining of non-alcoholic beverages; Removing unwanted matter by filtration using membranes, e.g. osmosis, ultrafiltration
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/16—Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2250/00—Food ingredients
    • A23V2250/15—Inorganic Compounds
    • A23V2250/156—Mineral combination
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2250/00—Food ingredients
    • A23V2250/15—Inorganic Compounds
    • A23V2250/156—Mineral combination
    • A23V2250/1578—Calcium
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2250/00—Food ingredients
    • A23V2250/15—Inorganic Compounds
    • A23V2250/156—Mineral combination
    • A23V2250/16—Potassium
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2250/00—Food ingredients
    • A23V2250/15—Inorganic Compounds
    • A23V2250/156—Mineral combination
    • A23V2250/161—Magnesium
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2300/00—Processes
    • A23V2300/24—Heat, thermal treatment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2300/00—Processes
    • A23V2300/50—Concentrating, enriching or enhancing in functional factors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
    • C02F2001/422—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange using anionic exchangers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method for producing mineral water from deep sea water, and more particularly, to a method for producing mineral water having a good taste by effectively controlling mineral components in the mineral water.
  • deep sea water refers to sea water from the depth of water of more than
  • Deep sea water is ocean resource, and its characteristics include that
  • the deep sea water is widely used in fisheries (aquaculture), energy (air-conditioning), various commercial goods (foods, salt, liquor, spring water, cosmetics), medical industries (treatment of atopic dermatitis), and etc.
  • the deep sea water is useful for the mineral water production by a desalination process because it includes zinc, selenium, manganese, and other minor minerals as well as the four major minerals of magnesium, calcium, potassium, and sodium.
  • Calcium (Ca ++ ) is essential for the formation of bones and teeth, controls the functions of muscles, nerves, and the heart, and promotes blood coagulation. Calcium deficiency may induce constipation, osteoporosis, developmental disorder, convulsion, caries, and nervous anxiety, while excess calcium intake with vitamin D may induce hypercalcemia and calcium deposit on joints or a kidney.
  • Magnesium (Mg ++ ) is used for energy generation, controls the functions of nerves, and promotes the metabolism of vitamin B and E. Magnesium deficiency may induce heart disease, hypertension, renal calculus, insomnia, arrhythmia, hypotension, inappetence, myalgia, and anemia, while overdose of magnesium is dangerous for kidney trouble patients.
  • Potassium (K + ) controls acid-base equilibrium and the amount of moisture in cells, maintains functions of nerves and cells, controls blood vessel expansion, and supplies brain with oxygen. Potassium deficiency may induce arrhythmia, inappetence, muscular convulsion, constipation, fatigue, asthenia, and hypoglycemia, while overdose of potassium is dangerous for renal failure patients.
  • the present invention provides a method for producing mineral water from deep sea water, and the method comprises the steps of: obtaining deionized water and concentrate by separating deep sea water, preferably, with a reverse osmosis membrane; separating crystalline calcium salt by heating, concentrating and filtering the concentrate with a first concentrator; obtaining desalted bittern by heating, concentrating and filtering the concentrate, in which the crystalline calcium salt is removed, with a second concentrator; obtaining mixed water by dissolving the crystalline calcium salt in the deionized water, and passing the mixed water through an anion exchange resin to obtain filtered water, in which an amount of anion is reduced; and obtaining mineral water by mixing the desalted bittern and the filtered water. [14]
  • the method for producing mineral water according to the present invention maintains the balance of useful minerals such as magnesium, calcium, and potassium, but reduces negative ions, such as sulfate ion (SO 4 2 ), and chlorine ion (Cl ) which are undesirable for taste.
  • useful minerals such as magnesium, calcium, and potassium
  • negative ions such as sulfate ion (SO 4 2 ), and chlorine ion (Cl ) which are undesirable for taste.
  • mineral water having a desired mineral balance can be economically produced.
  • Desalination of sea water is conventionally carried out by an evaporation method, a reverse osmosis membrane method, an electrodialysis method, or so on.
  • sea water is distilled so as to evaporate water(solvent) and leave solutes.
  • reverse osmosis membrane method ionic materials are filtered from sea water with a semi permeable membrane which passes pure water but removes ionic materials.
  • electrodialysis method cation-membranes and anion-membranes are alternately arranged, and cations and anions in sea water are removed by supplying DC voltage on the electrodes of the membranes to obtain deionized water.
  • Deep sea water used in the present invention can be obtained from deep sea in the depth of more than 200m, and contains various ion components such as sodium ion (Na + ), potassium ion (K + ), calcium ion (Ca 2+ ), magnesium ion (Mg 2+ ), boron ion (B 3+ ), chlorine ion (Cl ), carbonate ion (CO 3 2 ), and sulfate ion (SO 4 2 ).
  • IL of Deep sea water generally contains 10500 mg of sodium ion, 1350 mg of magnesium ion, 400 mg of calcium ion, 380 mg of potassium ion, and 4.6 mg of boron ion.
  • the ion components may form inorganic salts, such as calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 ), calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO 4 -H 2 O), sodium chloride (NaCl), magnesium sulfate (MgSO 4 ), potassium chloride (KCl), and magnesium chloride dihydrate (MgCl 2 -H 2 O).
  • This invention provides a method for producing mineral water of a good taste from deep sea water, by effectively separating, eliminating, and mixing mineral components in deep sea water using the methods such as the evaporation method, the reverse osmosis membrane method, and the electro- dialysis method.
  • deionized water and concentrate are obtained by separating deep sea water, preferably, with a reverse osmosis membrane.
  • the concentrate includes various ion components, and the deionized water does not substantially include the ion components. It is desirable to obtain the deionized water by carrying out more than one reverse-osmosis membrane processes.
  • the first deionized water and concentrate are obtained from deep sea water by using the first reverse osmosis membrane, and the first deionized water is treated with(passed through) the second reverse osmosis membrane to produce the second deionized water having the reduced amount of ions.
  • 1 liter of the concentrate contains 20,000 ⁇ 23,000 mg of sodium ion, 1,900 ⁇ 2,100 mg of magnesium ion, 600 ⁇ 670 mg of calcium ion, 630 ⁇ 700 mg of potassium ion, and 6 - 7 mg of boron ion.
  • the deionized water does not substantially contain ion components. However, typically, 1 liter of the deionized water contains 5 ⁇ 6.5 mg of sodium ion, 0.4 ⁇ 0.6 mg of magnesium ion, 0.1 ⁇ 0.25 mg of calcium ion, 0.1 ⁇ 0.25 mg of potassium ion, and 0.01 ⁇ 0.08 mg of boron ion.
  • crystalline calcium salt is separated from the concentrate by heating, concentrating and filtering the concentrate with the first concentrator.
  • the separation step of the crystalline calcium salt is based on the principle that inorganic salts or minerals are more concentrated and crystallized as the concentrate is heated and further concentrated.
  • the degree of concentration of the concentrate can be measured with Baume degree ( 0 Be).
  • Baume degree ( 0 Be) is used to measure a density of liquid, and can be obtained from Baume's hydrometer floated on liquid to be measured.
  • Baume degree can be classified into heavy Baume degree for liquids heavier than water and light Baume degree for liquids lighter than water. In case of sea water, Baume degree ( 0 Be) approximates concentration (wt%) of salt therein.
  • Baume degree can be used as an index which indicates a density of sea water.
  • the crystalline calcium salt can be separated from the concentrate as follows. The concentrate is heated and concentrated to be 20 ⁇ 25 0 Be by Baume degree.
  • crystalline salts are precipitated, and the precipitated crystalline salts include calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 ) crystal as the main component, and sodium calcium sulfate (Na 2 Ca(SO 4 ) 2 ), calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), sodium chloride (NaCl), magnesium sulfate (MgSO 4 ), potassium sulfate (K 2 SO 4 ), sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ) as the minor components.
  • These crystalline salts are filtered to obtain mineral salt containing calcium salt as the main component.
  • desalted bittern is obtained by heating, concentrating and filtering the concentrate, in which the crystalline calcium salt is removed, with the second concentrator.
  • common salt NaCl
  • the desalted bittern does not substantially contain the common salt (NaCl).
  • the concentrate namely, a dense liquid in which the crystalline calcium salt is removed in the previous step, is heated and concentrated to be 25 ⁇ 30 0Be by Baume degree to precipitate crystalline sodium chloride, and then the precipitated sodium chloride are removed by filtration.
  • the desalted bittern without the common salt (NaCl) contains mineral components such as magnesium, potassium, and so on.
  • the common salt (NaCl) obtained at this step can be used for various purposes, such as table salt, refined salt, and so on.
  • the crystalline calcium salt is dissolved in the deionized water to obtain mixed water, and then the mixed water passes through an anion exchange resin to obtain filtered water.
  • the anion exchange resin During passing through the anion exchange resin, the amount of anion (for example, sulfate ion (SO 4 2 ), chlorine ion (Cl ), and/or so on) in the mixed water is reduced. Therefore, the anion reduced in the mixed water can selected from the group consisting of sulfate ion (SO 4 2 ), chlorine ion (Cl ), and mixture thereof.
  • the anion exchange resin has ion exchange groups such as amine group, ammonium group, or so on to reduce anions such as sulfate ion (SO 4 2 ), chlorine ion (Cl ), and/or so on, in the mixed water.
  • the anion exchange resin can be recycled by removing anions captured in the anion exchange resin by pouring a recycling agent into the resin.
  • the filtered water obtained from the anion exchange resin and the desalted bittern obtained from the second concentrator are mixed to obtain mineral water.
  • the obtained mineral water includes reduced amounts of common salt (NaCl), anions such as sulfate ion (SO 4 2 ), chlorine ion (Cl ), or so on, which can deteriorate the state of the mineral water.
  • the filtered water obtained from the anion exchange resin includes calcium component as a main mineral component
  • the desalted bittern obtained from the second concentrator includes magnesium and potassium components as main mineral components.
  • the amount of the calcium salt dissolved in the deionized water and the mixing ratio of the filtered water and the bittern can be varied according to the manufacturer s desire with considering the balance of the mineral components and the taste of the mineral water. Namely, the amount of the calcium salt and the mixing ratio of the filtered water and the bittern can be varied according to the feature of a mineral water.
  • the weight ratio of Mg : Ca : K is in the range of 3 : 0.5 ⁇ 1.5 : 0.5 - 1.5 and the amount of sodium ion is preferably less than 1/2, and more preferably less than 1/3 of the amount of the potassium ion by weight.
  • the produced mineral water may pass through an activated carbon (charcoal) to absorb and remove impurities such as various organic matters from the mineral water.
  • an activated carbon charcoal
  • SO 4 2 sulfate ion
  • Cl chlorine ion
  • the taste of the conventional mineral water was not satisfactory.
  • the amounts of the useful mineral components can be easily controlled, and the amounts of the anions can be effectively reduced.
  • half-finished products or intermediates can be produced by electro- dialysis of sea water or the concentrates obtained from the first reverse osmosis membrane, the first concentrator, or the second concentrator.
  • the produced half- finished products or intermediates can be added to mineral water or to the concentrate obtained from the second concentrator to control the mineral balance.
  • the produced mineral water is filtered to remove various floating impurities, and/or is sterilized.
  • deep sea water can be used after a pre-treatment process such as a filtration to remove floating impurities.
  • the pre-treatment process is for removing impurities in the deep sea water causing a membrane fouling during the reverse osmosis filtration process.
  • the pre-treatment process can be carried out with a conventional micro-filter or ultra-filter.
  • Industrial Applicability According to the present invention, mineral water having a desirable mineral balance and a good taste can be economically produced.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Non-Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for producing mineral water having a good taste by effectively controlling mineral components in the mineral water. The method for producing mineral water comprises the steps of: obtaining deionized water and concentrate by separating deep sea water; separating crystalline calcium salt by heating, concentrating and filtering the concentrate with a first concentrator; obtaining desalted bittern by heating, concentrating and filtering the concentrate, in which the crystalline calcium salt is removed, with a second concentrator; obtaining mixed water by dissolving the crystalline calcium salt in the deionized water, and passing the mixed water through an anion exchange resin to obtain filtered water, in which an amount of anion is reduced; and obtaining mineral water by mixing the desalted bittern and the filtered water.

Description

Description
METHOD FOR PRODUCING MINERAL WATER FROM DEEP
SEA WATER
Technical Field
[1] This application claims the priority benefit of Korean Patent Application No.
10-2007-0128072 filed on December 11, 2007, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. This invention relates to a method for producing mineral water from deep sea water, and more particularly, to a method for producing mineral water having a good taste by effectively controlling mineral components in the mineral water.
[2]
Background Art
[3] Generally, deep sea water refers to sea water from the depth of water of more than
200m beyond the reach of the sunlight. Council of deep sea water in Japan s Fisheries Agency defines the deep sea water as sea water under the depth of water of 200m where there is no generation of organic matters by photosynthesis and no vertical water mixing process. Deep sea water is ocean resource, and its characteristics include that
(1) it is rich in inorganic nutrient salts which is necessary for life activity (eutrophy),
(2) it has purity which is not polluted with harmful chemicals, (3) it has temperature stability which has almost no temperature variation, (4) it is aged for a long time at a water pressure over 20 atm (maturation), and (5) it includes minerals more than 30 times compared with surface water. Therefore, the deep sea water is widely used in fisheries (aquaculture), energy (air-conditioning), various commercial goods (foods, salt, liquor, spring water, cosmetics), medical industries (treatment of atopic dermatitis), and etc. Especially, the deep sea water is useful for the mineral water production by a desalination process because it includes zinc, selenium, manganese, and other minor minerals as well as the four major minerals of magnesium, calcium, potassium, and sodium.
[4]
[5] Minerals are one of the five inevitable nutrients for human, and are used to form various body parts and to control body functions. Mineral deficiency or excess disturbs the physical and mental development of human being and may induce various illnesses. Therefore, it is important to maintain the mineral balance in a human body. Among the minerals, Calcium (Ca++) is essential for the formation of bones and teeth, controls the functions of muscles, nerves, and the heart, and promotes blood coagulation. Calcium deficiency may induce constipation, osteoporosis, developmental disorder, convulsion, caries, and nervous anxiety, while excess calcium intake with vitamin D may induce hypercalcemia and calcium deposit on joints or a kidney. Magnesium (Mg++) is used for energy generation, controls the functions of nerves, and promotes the metabolism of vitamin B and E. Magnesium deficiency may induce heart disease, hypertension, renal calculus, insomnia, arrhythmia, hypotension, inappetence, myalgia, and anemia, while overdose of magnesium is dangerous for kidney trouble patients. Potassium (K+) controls acid-base equilibrium and the amount of moisture in cells, maintains functions of nerves and cells, controls blood vessel expansion, and supplies brain with oxygen. Potassium deficiency may induce arrhythmia, inappetence, muscular convulsion, constipation, fatigue, asthenia, and hypoglycemia, while overdose of potassium is dangerous for renal failure patients.
[6]
[7] Minerals in deep sea water have a merit in that they are easily absorbed in the human body due to its water-solubility. Therefore, deep sea water can be very useful mineral source for modern human beings who lost their mineral balance because of bad dietary habit and environmental pollution. However, when a conventional desalination process, for example, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, membrane filtration, or so on, is carried out to remove salt(NaCl) from seawater, the useful minerals such as Mg, Ca, K or so on are removed with salt(NaCl) or the mineral balance is deteriorated. The seawater can be added to the desalinated water to solve this problem, but the produced mineral water has a drawback of an unpleasant taste, for example, salty taste.
[8]
[9]
Disclosure of Invention
Technical Problem
[10] Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing mineral water which removes salt(NaCl) from deep sea water, maintains the balance of useful minerals such as magnesium, calcium, and potassium, and reduces ions, such as sulfate ion (SO4 2 ), and chlorine ion (Cl ) which are undesirable for taste.
[11] It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for producing mineral water which can economically maintain the mineral balance according to a manufacturer s desire.
[12]
Technical Solution
[13] In order to achieve these and other objects, the present invention provides a method for producing mineral water from deep sea water, and the method comprises the steps of: obtaining deionized water and concentrate by separating deep sea water, preferably, with a reverse osmosis membrane; separating crystalline calcium salt by heating, concentrating and filtering the concentrate with a first concentrator; obtaining desalted bittern by heating, concentrating and filtering the concentrate, in which the crystalline calcium salt is removed, with a second concentrator; obtaining mixed water by dissolving the crystalline calcium salt in the deionized water, and passing the mixed water through an anion exchange resin to obtain filtered water, in which an amount of anion is reduced; and obtaining mineral water by mixing the desalted bittern and the filtered water. [14]
Advantageous Effects
[15] The method for producing mineral water according to the present invention maintains the balance of useful minerals such as magnesium, calcium, and potassium, but reduces negative ions, such as sulfate ion (SO4 2 ), and chlorine ion (Cl ) which are undesirable for taste. In addition, according to the present invention, mineral water having a desired mineral balance can be economically produced.
[16]
Mode for the Invention
[17] A more complete appreciation of the invention, and many of the attendant advantages thereof, will be better appreciated by reference to the following detailed description.
[18]
[19] Desalination of sea water is conventionally carried out by an evaporation method, a reverse osmosis membrane method, an electrodialysis method, or so on. In the evaporation method, sea water is distilled so as to evaporate water(solvent) and leave solutes. In the reverse osmosis membrane method, ionic materials are filtered from sea water with a semi permeable membrane which passes pure water but removes ionic materials. In the electrodialysis method, cation-membranes and anion-membranes are alternately arranged, and cations and anions in sea water are removed by supplying DC voltage on the electrodes of the membranes to obtain deionized water. Deep sea water used in the present invention can be obtained from deep sea in the depth of more than 200m, and contains various ion components such as sodium ion (Na+), potassium ion (K+), calcium ion (Ca2+), magnesium ion (Mg2+), boron ion (B3+), chlorine ion (Cl ), carbonate ion (CO3 2 ), and sulfate ion (SO4 2 ). IL of Deep sea water generally contains 10500 mg of sodium ion, 1350 mg of magnesium ion, 400 mg of calcium ion, 380 mg of potassium ion, and 4.6 mg of boron ion. According to temperature and concentration of deep sea water, the ion components may form inorganic salts, such as calcium carbonate (CaCO3), calcium sulfate (CaSO4), calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO4-H2O), sodium chloride (NaCl), magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), potassium chloride (KCl), and magnesium chloride dihydrate (MgCl2-H2O). This invention provides a method for producing mineral water of a good taste from deep sea water, by effectively separating, eliminating, and mixing mineral components in deep sea water using the methods such as the evaporation method, the reverse osmosis membrane method, and the electro- dialysis method.
[20]
[21] To produce mineral water from deep sea water according to the present invention, first, deionized water and concentrate are obtained by separating deep sea water, preferably, with a reverse osmosis membrane. The concentrate includes various ion components, and the deionized water does not substantially include the ion components. It is desirable to obtain the deionized water by carrying out more than one reverse-osmosis membrane processes. For example, the first deionized water and concentrate are obtained from deep sea water by using the first reverse osmosis membrane, and the first deionized water is treated with(passed through) the second reverse osmosis membrane to produce the second deionized water having the reduced amount of ions. Typically, 1 liter of the concentrate contains 20,000 ~ 23,000 mg of sodium ion, 1,900 ~ 2,100 mg of magnesium ion, 600 ~ 670 mg of calcium ion, 630 ~ 700 mg of potassium ion, and 6 - 7 mg of boron ion. The deionized water does not substantially contain ion components. However, typically, 1 liter of the deionized water contains 5 ~ 6.5 mg of sodium ion, 0.4 ~ 0.6 mg of magnesium ion, 0.1 ~ 0.25 mg of calcium ion, 0.1 ~ 0.25 mg of potassium ion, and 0.01 ~ 0.08 mg of boron ion.
[22]
[23] In the next step, crystalline calcium salt is separated from the concentrate by heating, concentrating and filtering the concentrate with the first concentrator. The separation step of the crystalline calcium salt is based on the principle that inorganic salts or minerals are more concentrated and crystallized as the concentrate is heated and further concentrated. In the present invention, the degree of concentration of the concentrate can be measured with Baume degree (0Be). Baume degree (0Be) is used to measure a density of liquid, and can be obtained from Baume's hydrometer floated on liquid to be measured. Baume degree can be classified into heavy Baume degree for liquids heavier than water and light Baume degree for liquids lighter than water. In case of sea water, Baume degree (0Be) approximates concentration (wt%) of salt therein. Thus, Baume degree can be used as an index which indicates a density of sea water. The relationship between Baume degree (0Be) and density (d) of liquid can be represented as d = 144.3/(144.3-0Be) for Heavy Baume degree and d = 144.3/(134.3+0Be) for Light Baume degree. For example, the crystalline calcium salt can be separated from the concentrate as follows. The concentrate is heated and concentrated to be 20 ~ 25 0Be by Baume degree. Then, crystalline salts are precipitated, and the precipitated crystalline salts include calcium sulfate (CaSO4) crystal as the main component, and sodium calcium sulfate (Na2Ca(SO4)2), calcium carbonate (CaCO3), sodium chloride (NaCl), magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), potassium sulfate (K2SO4), sodium sulfate (Na2 SO4) as the minor components. These crystalline salts are filtered to obtain mineral salt containing calcium salt as the main component.
[24]
[25] In the following step, desalted bittern is obtained by heating, concentrating and filtering the concentrate, in which the crystalline calcium salt is removed, with the second concentrator. In this step, common salt (NaCl) is removed from the concentrate. Thus, the desalted bittern does not substantially contain the common salt (NaCl). For example, the concentrate, namely, a dense liquid in which the crystalline calcium salt is removed in the previous step, is heated and concentrated to be 25 ~ 30 0Be by Baume degree to precipitate crystalline sodium chloride, and then the precipitated sodium chloride are removed by filtration. The desalted bittern without the common salt (NaCl) contains mineral components such as magnesium, potassium, and so on. The common salt (NaCl) obtained at this step can be used for various purposes, such as table salt, refined salt, and so on.
[26]
[27] In the steps of separating calcium salt and common salt (NaCl), it is preferable that the heating is carried out slowly and with stirring. If the Baume degree of each separation step is controlled to be too low, the crystalline calcium salt and common salt (NaCl) would not be sufficiently formed, and remain in the concentrate. If the Baume degree of each separation step is controlled to be too high, other desirable inorganic salts would be precipitated with the crystalline calcium salt or the common salt (NaCl).
[28]
[29] Next, the crystalline calcium salt is dissolved in the deionized water to obtain mixed water, and then the mixed water passes through an anion exchange resin to obtain filtered water. During passing through the anion exchange resin, the amount of anion (for example, sulfate ion (SO4 2 ), chlorine ion (Cl ), and/or so on) in the mixed water is reduced. Therefore, the anion reduced in the mixed water can selected from the group consisting of sulfate ion (SO4 2 ), chlorine ion (Cl ), and mixture thereof. The anion exchange resin has ion exchange groups such as amine group, ammonium group, or so on to reduce anions such as sulfate ion (SO4 2 ), chlorine ion (Cl ), and/or so on, in the mixed water. After using the anion exchange resin for a predetermined period of time, if necessary, the anion exchange resin can be recycled by removing anions captured in the anion exchange resin by pouring a recycling agent into the resin.
[30] [31] In the next step, the filtered water obtained from the anion exchange resin and the desalted bittern obtained from the second concentrator are mixed to obtain mineral water. The obtained mineral water includes reduced amounts of common salt (NaCl), anions such as sulfate ion (SO4 2 ), chlorine ion (Cl ), or so on, which can deteriorate the state of the mineral water. In the present invention, the filtered water obtained from the anion exchange resin includes calcium component as a main mineral component, and the desalted bittern obtained from the second concentrator includes magnesium and potassium components as main mineral components. The amount of the calcium salt dissolved in the deionized water and the mixing ratio of the filtered water and the bittern can be varied according to the manufacturer s desire with considering the balance of the mineral components and the taste of the mineral water. Namely, the amount of the calcium salt and the mixing ratio of the filtered water and the bittern can be varied according to the feature of a mineral water. However, it is preferable that the weight ratio of Mg : Ca : K is in the range of 3 : 0.5 ~ 1.5 : 0.5 - 1.5 and the amount of sodium ion is preferably less than 1/2, and more preferably less than 1/3 of the amount of the potassium ion by weight. Furthermore, if necessary, the produced mineral water may pass through an activated carbon (charcoal) to absorb and remove impurities such as various organic matters from the mineral water. In conventional mineral water produced from deep sea water, it is difficult to control the amounts of the mineral components, to remove or reduce the anions such as sulfate ion (SO4 2 ), chlorine ion (Cl ), or so on. Thus, the taste of the conventional mineral water was not satisfactory. However, in the mineral water of the present invention, the amounts of the useful mineral components can be easily controlled, and the amounts of the anions can be effectively reduced.
[32]
[33] If necessary, half-finished products or intermediates can be produced by electro- dialysis of sea water or the concentrates obtained from the first reverse osmosis membrane, the first concentrator, or the second concentrator. The produced half- finished products or intermediates can be added to mineral water or to the concentrate obtained from the second concentrator to control the mineral balance. Preferably, the produced mineral water is filtered to remove various floating impurities, and/or is sterilized. In the present invention, deep sea water can be used after a pre-treatment process such as a filtration to remove floating impurities. The pre-treatment process is for removing impurities in the deep sea water causing a membrane fouling during the reverse osmosis filtration process. The pre-treatment process can be carried out with a conventional micro-filter or ultra-filter. Industrial Applicability [34] According to the present invention, mineral water having a desirable mineral balance and a good taste can be economically produced.

Claims

Claims
[1] A method for producing mineral water from deep sea water, comprising the steps of: obtaining deionized water and concentrate by separating deep sea water; separating crystalline calcium salt by heating, concentrating and filtering the concentrate with a first concentrator; obtaining desalted bittern by heating, concentrating and filtering the concentrate, in which the crystalline calcium salt is removed, with a second concentrator; obtaining mixed water by dissolving the crystalline calcium salt in the deionized water, and passing the mixed water through an anion exchange resin to obtain filtered water, in which an amount of anion is reduced; and obtaining mineral water by mixing the desalted bittern and the filtered water.
[2] The method for producing mineral water from deep sea water according to claim
1, wherein the deionized water is produced by obtaining a first deionized water and the concentrate from deep sea water by using a first reverse osmosis membrane, and treating the first deionized water with a second reverse osmosis membrane.
[3] The method for producing mineral water from deep sea water according to claim
1, wherein the anion reduced in the mixed water is selected from the group consisting of sulfate ion (SO4 2 ), chlorine ion (Cl ), and mixture thereof.
[4] The method for producing mineral water from deep sea water according to claim
1, wherein the filtered water obtained from the anion exchange resin includes calcium component as a main mineral component, and the desalted bittern obtained from the second concentrator includes magnesium and potassium components as main mineral components.
[5] The method for producing mineral water from deep sea water according to claim
1, wherein the mixing ratio of the filtered water and the bittern is controlled so that the weight ratio of Mg : Ca : K in the mineral water is in the range of 3 : 0.5 - 1.5 : 0.5 - 1.5.
PCT/KR2008/003236 2007-12-11 2008-06-11 Method for producing mineral water from deep sea water WO2009075430A1 (en)

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