WO2009003920A1 - Method for the removal of inorganic components of biomass from agricultural, forest and urban sources - Google Patents

Method for the removal of inorganic components of biomass from agricultural, forest and urban sources Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009003920A1
WO2009003920A1 PCT/EP2008/058220 EP2008058220W WO2009003920A1 WO 2009003920 A1 WO2009003920 A1 WO 2009003920A1 EP 2008058220 W EP2008058220 W EP 2008058220W WO 2009003920 A1 WO2009003920 A1 WO 2009003920A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
biomass
prepyrolyzed
varying
water
period
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2008/058220
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Emmanouil Koukios
Original Assignee
Emmanouil Koukios
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Emmanouil Koukios filed Critical Emmanouil Koukios
Priority to EP08774391A priority Critical patent/EP2167611A1/en
Priority to US12/666,793 priority patent/US8471080B2/en
Priority to CA2692442A priority patent/CA2692442C/en
Publication of WO2009003920A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009003920A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/08—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C10B57/005—After-treatment of coke, e.g. calcination desulfurization
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/08—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
    • C10L9/083—Torrefaction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a method for the removal of inorganic constituents, such as potassium, sodium, chlorine and sulphur, from biomass materials deriving from agricultural, forest and municipal environments; this method is capable to minimize/eliminate the ash-related problems such as corrosion, deposition and agglomeration, as well as problems of gaseous emissions, such as potassium, sodium, chlorine and sulphur, during the thermo-chemical combustion, gasification, pyrolysis of biomass materials offering substantial economic and environmental benefits.
  • inorganic constituents such as potassium, sodium, chlorine and sulphur
  • the ash of these biomass materials is very rich in alkali metals, chlorine and sulfur and during the thermo-chemical conversion of biomass it creates gases, liquids and solids that tend to react with each other, as well as with the other inorganic constituents which are present during the conversion, as well as with the metal surfaces, and cause problems of corrosion, deposition and agglomeration, as well as emissions of gaseous pollutants that result into large economic losses, formation of environmental problems, and hinder the utilization of the particular biomass materials as feedstocks in large scale applications, as well as in combination with other solid or gas fuels for the production of energy, liquid fuels and chemicals.
  • the object of this invention is to achieve the removal of harmful ash components from biomass materials, such as alkali metals, chlorine and sulfur, prior to thermochemical conversion of biomass, so that to minimize/eliminate the ash-related corrosion, deposition, agglomeration problems, as well as the emissions of alkali metals, chlorine and sulfur.
  • This object is achieved with the use of a method that includes the hydro-thermal processing of the different biomass materials.
  • the biomass materials are first prepyrolyzed at temperatures varying from 200 0 C - 300 0 C for a period of 5 minutes up to 2 hours. Then, the prepyrolyzed biomass samples are leached using water - any kind of water from a public system, spring, etc. can be used - using a solid/water mass ratio that may vary from 33g/L up to 300g/L and in temperatures varying from 13 0 C up to 55 0 C for a period of residence time varying from 5min up to 24h.
  • the solid to water ratio as well as the temperature and residence time depend on the type of treated biomass.
  • the pre-treated material After the end of the leaching stage, the pre-treated material is left to dry in the open air atmosphere or it is dried using rotary dryers depending on the season and the climate of the region.
  • the so pre-treated material is found to be free of chlorine and to contain small amounts of alkali metals and sulfur varying in the ranges of 30-50% and 35-55% of the respective amounts in the original untreated biomass materials.
  • the method for the removal of the harmful inorganic constituents from biomass prior to the thermochemical conversion of the biomass includes the following steps: a) prepyrolyzing the biomass materials at temperatures varying from 200 0 C - 300 0 C for a period of 5 minutes up to 2 hours; b) leaching the prepyrolyzed biomass material using water with a solid/water mass ratio that may vary from 33 gram biomass per litre up to 300 gram biomass per litre, in temperatures varying from 13 0 C up to 55 0 C for a period of residence time varying from 5 minutes up to 24 hous.
  • the prepyrolyzed and leached biomass material may be left to dry in the open air atmosphere.
  • the prepyrolyzed and leached biomass material may be dried using rotary dryers.
  • biomass material is prepyrolyzed in a temperature varying from 200 0 C to 250 0 C and/or the biomass material is prepyrolyzed for a period of residence varying from 10 min to 40 min. In another embodiment the biomass material is prepyrolyzed for a period of about 1 hour.
  • the water that is used for leaching the prepyrolyzed biomass material may be water from a public system.
  • the biomass can be derived from agricultural forest and urban sources.
  • the biomass is heated up in an air-free atmosphere at temperatures ranging from 200 0 C up to 300 0 C with the best and most economically viable results observed in the temperature range between 200 0 C and 25O 0 C and for a residence time varying from 5 min up to 2 hours and with the best and most economically viable results being observed for a residence time of 10 min up to 40 min.
  • This process which is called prepyrolysis, results in the degradation of the biomass structure, and its transformation into a material with an increased content of fixed carbon, whereas a small amount of gases, containing mainly H 2 O, CO 2 , CO, as well as light organic molecules, is set free into the atmosphere.
  • This material is seen to experience a mass loss during the process that can vary from 5% up to 40% dry basis depending on the applied conditions, and in the best case below 20%, as well as a loss in heating value that can vary from 5% up to 20%, and under optimal conditions in the area from 7% up to 10%.
  • the resulting material from the prepyrolysis i.e. the prepyrolysed material
  • the solid/water ratio applied, as well as the residence time and temperature depend on the type of the treated biomass material.
  • the material is left to dry in the open air atmosphere or it is dried using rotary dryers depending on the season and the climate of the region.
  • the produced material is found to be free of chlorine and to contain very small amounts of alkali metals, ranging between 30% and 50% of the initial content, as well as sulfur ranging between 35% and 55% of the initial content.
  • the resulting material after the completion of the two treatment stages has the following characteristics: a low moisture content and hydrophobic behavior; high grindability, being easy to reduce its particle size and to be mixed really with other materials, e.g. coal; a higher content of fixed carbon and a lower content of volatile materials compared to the original biomass; the pre-treated material retains the largest part of the initial energy content, higher than 90%, of the untreated biomass; the pre-treated biomass is also chlorine-free, contains substantially lower amounts of alkali metals as well as sulfur compared to the original untreated biomass.
  • the effect of the process is to eliminate the chlorine emissions and as a result all corrosion, deposition and agglomeration problems caused by chlorine and its compounds. There are also substantially reduced and/or eliminated emissions of alkali metals and sulfur that result into the minimization of the corrosion, deposition and agglomeration problems caused by the alkali metals as well as the sulfur present in the ash of the biomass materials.
  • the results obtained in the laboratory have shown that the chlorine emissions are always totally eliminated regardless of the type of the biomass material tested. As far as it concerns the emissions of alkali metals and sulfur, these can fluctuate from zero up to substantially reduced compared to those observed in the case of the original untreated biomass, depending on the different biomass material used as well as on the composition of its ash.
  • Example No. 1 Wheat straw from the area of Trikala (Thessaly, Greece) is prepyrolyzed at 300 0 C for 1 h and then it is subjected to leaching using water for 4h and a solid/water mass ratio of 67g/L. Ash analysis has shown that the pre-treated material does not contain any chlorine and that the concentrations of alkali metals and sulfur were found to be lower by 50% and 40%, respectictively, compared to the untreated material. Ash thermal analysis using a thermal gravimetric analyzer up to 900 0 C showed that the ash material did not experience any mass loss in the temperature range of 800-900 0 C in which chlorine and alkali metals emissions are observed.
  • Example No. 2 Olive kernel residue from an olive kernel-oil factory in the area of Messinia (Pelloponisos, Greece) is prepyrolyzed at 25O 0 C for 1 h and then it is leached using water for 4h and a solid/water mass ratio of 90g/L. Ash elemental analysis at the end of the pre-treatment process showed that the pre-treated material does not contain any chlorine and that the concentrations of alkali metals and sulfur were lower by 50% and 35%, respectively, compared to the untreated material.
  • Ash thermal analysis using a thermal gravimetric analyzer up to 900 0 C showed that the ash material experienced a small mass loss in the temperature range of 850-900 0 C, due to the release of potassium oxide, which is caused by thermal decomposition of potassium carbonates and the lack of sufficient amount of silicon dioxide to react with the potassium oxide and bound it in the solid phase.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The present application describes a methodology aiming at the removal of the harmful ash constituents from the ash of biomass, such as alkali metals, chlorine and sulfur, prior to its thermochemical conversion, in order to minimize/eliminate the ash-related corrosion, deposition and agglomeration problems, as well as the emissions of alkali metals, chlorine and sulfur. This removal is achieved by a combined pre-treatment method which includes the prepyrolysis of biomass at temperatures varying in the range of 200-300°C and for a period of 5min up to 2h, followed by the leaching of the biomass materials using water with a solid/water mass ratio varying from 33g/L up to 300g/L with the water temperature varying from 13°C up to 55°C and the residence time varying from 5 min up to 24 h.

Description

Description
METHOD FOR THE REMOVAL OF INORGANIC COMPONENTS OF BIOMASS FROM AGRICULTURAL, FOREST AND URBAN SOURCES
[0001] The present invention concerns a method for the removal of inorganic constituents, such as potassium, sodium, chlorine and sulphur, from biomass materials deriving from agricultural, forest and municipal environments; this method is capable to minimize/eliminate the ash-related problems such as corrosion, deposition and agglomeration, as well as problems of gaseous emissions, such as potassium, sodium, chlorine and sulphur, during the thermo-chemical combustion, gasification, pyrolysis of biomass materials offering substantial economic and environmental benefits.
[0002] The problems caused today during the thermochemical combustion, gasification, pyrolysis of biomass and especially of biomass deriving from agricultural, forest and municipal environment, such as the various types of straw, various wastes of agricultural industries, such as of cotton, olive, pistachio, etc., as well as tree trimmings and wood being used in construction activities or the production of furniture, are mainly caused due to the composition of their ash. The ash of these biomass materials is very rich in alkali metals, chlorine and sulfur and during the thermo-chemical conversion of biomass it creates gases, liquids and solids that tend to react with each other, as well as with the other inorganic constituents which are present during the conversion, as well as with the metal surfaces, and cause problems of corrosion, deposition and agglomeration, as well as emissions of gaseous pollutants that result into large economic losses, formation of environmental problems, and hinder the utilization of the particular biomass materials as feedstocks in large scale applications, as well as in combination with other solid or gas fuels for the production of energy, liquid fuels and chemicals.
[0003] The successful mitigation of the above problems will result in a broader use of biomass materials for the production of energy, liquid fuels and chemicals with substantial economic and environmental benefits, specifically today when the cost of the imported energy appears to increase continuously and there is interest and an urgent need for the reduction of the fuel gas emissions, resulting from the use of solid fuels, for the successful mitigation of the greenhouse effect.
[0004] The presently used techniques and methods in order to solve these problems appear to have limited success and, as a result, the utilization of biomass in the thermochemical conversion seems to be very limited worldwide, concerning mainly biomass types such as wood, which cause the least problems.
[0005] The object of this invention is to achieve the removal of harmful ash components from biomass materials, such as alkali metals, chlorine and sulfur, prior to thermochemical conversion of biomass, so that to minimize/eliminate the ash-related corrosion, deposition, agglomeration problems, as well as the emissions of alkali metals, chlorine and sulfur.
[0006] This object is achieved with the use of a method that includes the hydro-thermal processing of the different biomass materials.
[0007] The biomass materials are first prepyrolyzed at temperatures varying from 200 0C - 300 0C for a period of 5 minutes up to 2 hours. Then, the prepyrolyzed biomass samples are leached using water - any kind of water from a public system, spring, etc. can be used - using a solid/water mass ratio that may vary from 33g/L up to 300g/L and in temperatures varying from 130C up to 550C for a period of residence time varying from 5min up to 24h. The solid to water ratio as well as the temperature and residence time depend on the type of treated biomass. After the end of the leaching stage, the pre-treated material is left to dry in the open air atmosphere or it is dried using rotary dryers depending on the season and the climate of the region. The so pre-treated material is found to be free of chlorine and to contain small amounts of alkali metals and sulfur varying in the ranges of 30-50% and 35-55% of the respective amounts in the original untreated biomass materials.
[0008] The method for the removal of the harmful inorganic constituents from biomass prior to the thermochemical conversion of the biomass, according to the invention, includes the following steps: a) prepyrolyzing the biomass materials at temperatures varying from 2000C - 3000C for a period of 5 minutes up to 2 hours; b) leaching the prepyrolyzed biomass material using water with a solid/water mass ratio that may vary from 33 gram biomass per litre up to 300 gram biomass per litre, in temperatures varying from 13 0C up to 55 0C for a period of residence time varying from 5 minutes up to 24 hous.
[0009] The prepyrolyzed and leached biomass material may be left to dry in the open air atmosphere. Alternatively, the prepyrolyzed and leached biomass material may be dried using rotary dryers.
[0010] The best and most economically viable results have been observed when the biomass material is prepyrolyzed in a temperature varying from 200 0C to 250 0C and/or the biomass material is prepyrolyzed for a period of residence varying from 10 min to 40 min. In another embodiment the biomass material is prepyrolyzed for a period of about 1 hour.
[0011] The water that is used for leaching the prepyrolyzed biomass material may be water from a public system.
[0012] The biomass can be derived from agricultural forest and urban sources.
[0013] Initially the biomass is heated up in an air-free atmosphere at temperatures ranging from 2000C up to 3000C with the best and most economically viable results observed in the temperature range between 2000C and 25O0C and for a residence time varying from 5 min up to 2 hours and with the best and most economically viable results being observed for a residence time of 10 min up to 40 min. This process, which is called prepyrolysis, results in the degradation of the biomass structure, and its transformation into a material with an increased content of fixed carbon, whereas a small amount of gases, containing mainly H2O, CO2, CO, as well as light organic molecules, is set free into the atmosphere. This material is seen to experience a mass loss during the process that can vary from 5% up to 40% dry basis depending on the applied conditions, and in the best case below 20%, as well as a loss in heating value that can vary from 5% up to 20%, and under optimal conditions in the area from 7% up to 10%.
[0014] The resulting material from the prepyrolysis, i.e. the prepyrolysed material, is then subjected to leaching using water with a solid/water mass ratio that may vary from 33g/L up to 300g/L and in temperatures varying from 130C up to 550C for a period of residence time varying from 5min up to 24h. Any kind of water from a public system, spring, etc. can be used. The solid/water ratio applied, as well as the residence time and temperature depend on the type of the treated biomass material. After the end of the leaching process, the material is left to dry in the open air atmosphere or it is dried using rotary dryers depending on the season and the climate of the region. The produced material is found to be free of chlorine and to contain very small amounts of alkali metals, ranging between 30% and 50% of the initial content, as well as sulfur ranging between 35% and 55% of the initial content.
[0015] The resulting material after the completion of the two treatment stages has the following characteristics: a low moisture content and hydrophobic behavior; high grindability, being easy to reduce its particle size and to be mixed really with other materials, e.g. coal; a higher content of fixed carbon and a lower content of volatile materials compared to the original biomass; the pre-treated material retains the largest part of the initial energy content, higher than 90%, of the untreated biomass; the pre-treated biomass is also chlorine-free, contains substantially lower amounts of alkali metals as well as sulfur compared to the original untreated biomass.
[0016] The effect of the process is to eliminate the chlorine emissions and as a result all corrosion, deposition and agglomeration problems caused by chlorine and its compounds. There are also substantially reduced and/or eliminated emissions of alkali metals and sulfur that result into the minimization of the corrosion, deposition and agglomeration problems caused by the alkali metals as well as the sulfur present in the ash of the biomass materials. The results obtained in the laboratory have shown that the chlorine emissions are always totally eliminated regardless of the type of the biomass material tested. As far as it concerns the emissions of alkali metals and sulfur, these can fluctuate from zero up to substantially reduced compared to those observed in the case of the original untreated biomass, depending on the different biomass material used as well as on the composition of its ash.
[0017] The following examples describe the effect of the invention on two different and very important biomass materials.
[0018] Example No. 1 : Wheat straw from the area of Trikala (Thessaly, Greece) is prepyrolyzed at 3000C for 1 h and then it is subjected to leaching using water for 4h and a solid/water mass ratio of 67g/L. Ash analysis has shown that the pre-treated material does not contain any chlorine and that the concentrations of alkali metals and sulfur were found to be lower by 50% and 40%, respectictively, compared to the untreated material. Ash thermal analysis using a thermal gravimetric analyzer up to 9000C showed that the ash material did not experience any mass loss in the temperature range of 800-9000C in which chlorine and alkali metals emissions are observed.
[0019] Example No. 2: Olive kernel residue from an olive kernel-oil factory in the area of Messinia (Pelloponisos, Greece) is prepyrolyzed at 25O0C for 1 h and then it is leached using water for 4h and a solid/water mass ratio of 90g/L. Ash elemental analysis at the end of the pre-treatment process showed that the pre-treated material does not contain any chlorine and that the concentrations of alkali metals and sulfur were lower by 50% and 35%, respectively, compared to the untreated material. Ash thermal analysis using a thermal gravimetric analyzer up to 9000C showed that the ash material experienced a small mass loss in the temperature range of 850-9000C, due to the release of potassium oxide, which is caused by thermal decomposition of potassium carbonates and the lack of sufficient amount of silicon dioxide to react with the potassium oxide and bound it in the solid phase.

Claims

Claims
1. A method for the removal of the harmful inorganic constituents from biomass prior to the thermochemical conversion of the biomass including the following steps: a) prepyrolyzing the biomass materials at temperatures varying from 2000C - 300 0C for a period of 5 minutes up to 2 hours; b) leaching the prepyrolyzed biomass material using water with a solid/water mass ratio that varies from 33 gram biomass per litre up to 300 gram biomass per litre, in temperatures varying from 13 0C up to 55 0C for a period of residence time varying from 5 minutes up to 24 hours.
2. A method according to claim 1 , whereby the prepyrolyzed and leached biomass material is left to dry in the open air atmosphere.
3. A method according to claim 1 , whereby the prepyrolyzed and leached biomass material is dried using rotary dryers.
4. A method according to claim 1 , whereby the biomass material is prepyrolyzed in a temperature varying from 200 0C to 250 0C.
5. A method according to claim 1 , whereby the biomass material is prepyrolyzed for a period of about 1 h.
6. A method according to claim 1 , whereby the biomass material is prepyrolyzed for a period of residence between 10 min and 40 min.
7. A method according to claimi whereby the prepyrolyzed biomass material is leached using water from a public system.
8. A method according to claim 1 , whereby the biomass is derived from agricultural forest and urban sources.
PCT/EP2008/058220 2007-06-29 2008-06-27 Method for the removal of inorganic components of biomass from agricultural, forest and urban sources WO2009003920A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08774391A EP2167611A1 (en) 2007-06-29 2008-06-27 Method for the removal of inorganic components of biomass from agricultural, forest and urban sources
US12/666,793 US8471080B2 (en) 2007-06-29 2008-06-27 Method for the removal of inorganic compounds of biomass from agricultural, forest and urban sources
CA2692442A CA2692442C (en) 2007-06-29 2008-06-27 Method for the removal of inorganic components of biomass from agricultural, forest and urban sources

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GR20070100416A GR20070100416A (en) 2007-06-29 2007-06-29 Methodology for the removal of non-organic contents (chlorime, sulfur, potassium, sodium) from agricultural, forestal and urban biomass
GR20070100416 2007-06-29

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WO2009003920A1 true WO2009003920A1 (en) 2009-01-08

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EP (1) EP2167611A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2692442C (en)
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WO (1) WO2009003920A1 (en)

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WO2011029891A1 (en) * 2009-09-10 2011-03-17 Emmanouil Koukios Methodology for the removal of inorganic components from biomass of agro/forest/urban origin and from low-quality coal such as peat, lignite, sub-bituminous and bituminous coals
WO2011051637A1 (en) * 2009-10-30 2011-05-05 Olivecoal Concept Method for manufacturing fuel by means of roasting olive cake
WO2011083131A1 (en) * 2010-01-11 2011-07-14 Emmanouil Koukios Method of production of fuels from biomass, from low quality coals and from wastes, residues and sludges from sewage treatment plants
US20110258919A1 (en) * 2010-04-22 2011-10-27 Agni Corporation Systems, methods and compositions relating to combustible biomaterials
WO2011156662A2 (en) * 2010-06-09 2011-12-15 Pa Llc Method of ash removal from a biomass
WO2012089744A1 (en) 2010-12-30 2012-07-05 Emmanouil Koukios Method for the removal of inorganic components from biomass, coals, wastes, residues and sludges from sewage treatment plants for the production of clean materials
ES2385446A1 (en) * 2010-12-27 2012-07-25 Curso & Partners, S.L. Improvements in the invention patent p201031299, by "procedure for obtaining solid biofuel from palmaceae" (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
EP2791277A4 (en) * 2011-12-15 2015-09-09 Uop Llc Methods and apparatuses for forming low-metal biomass-derived pyrolysis oil
WO2017201598A1 (en) * 2016-05-26 2017-11-30 Fibria Celulose S.A. Integrated process for the pre-treatment of biomass and production of bio-oil
WO2018112580A1 (en) * 2016-12-20 2018-06-28 Escobar Farago Javier Method for removing chlorine and inorganic components from gramineae or poaceae for the production of solid biofuels in the form of pellets or the like

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US8465627B2 (en) * 2008-11-28 2013-06-18 Kior, Inc. Comminution and densification of biomass particles
NO2367974T3 (en) * 2008-12-23 2018-07-14
NL2019597B1 (en) * 2017-09-21 2019-03-28 Tno Treatment of biomass with palm oil mill effluent (POME)

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