WO2008150134A1 - Solution d'électrolyte non aqueuse pour une batterie rechargeable lithium-ion et batterie rechargeable lithium-ion comprenant celle-ci - Google Patents

Solution d'électrolyte non aqueuse pour une batterie rechargeable lithium-ion et batterie rechargeable lithium-ion comprenant celle-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008150134A1
WO2008150134A1 PCT/KR2008/003186 KR2008003186W WO2008150134A1 WO 2008150134 A1 WO2008150134 A1 WO 2008150134A1 KR 2008003186 W KR2008003186 W KR 2008003186W WO 2008150134 A1 WO2008150134 A1 WO 2008150134A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
carbonate
secondary battery
ion secondary
electrolyte solution
lithium ion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2008/003186
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ho-Chun Lee
Jong-Ho Jeon
Jeong-Ju Cho
Original Assignee
Lg Chem, Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lg Chem, Ltd. filed Critical Lg Chem, Ltd.
Priority to EP08766148.4A priority Critical patent/EP2160787B1/fr
Priority to CN200880018975A priority patent/CN101682084A/zh
Priority to US12/663,117 priority patent/US8455143B2/en
Priority to JP2010511122A priority patent/JP5220850B2/ja
Publication of WO2008150134A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008150134A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
    • H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
    • H01M10/0569—Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
    • H01M2300/0028—Organic electrolyte characterised by the solvent
    • H01M2300/0037—Mixture of solvents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a lithium ion secondary battery, and a lithium ion secondary battery having the same.
  • a lithium ion secondary battery includes a cathode, an anode, an electrolyte and a separator that provides a passage for lithium ions moving between the cathode and the anode.
  • the lithium ion secondary batteries generate electric energy by means of a redox reaction.
  • lithium ion secondary batteries uses a lithium metal having a high energy density as an anode and also uses a liquid solvent as an electrolyte.
  • lithium ion secondary batteries of this type have a short life cycle due to dendrite formation.
  • the lithium ion secondary batteries using a carbon material as an anode active material employ a mixture of a cyclic carbonate, such as ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate, and a linear carbonate, such as dimethyl carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate, as an electrolyte solution.
  • a nonaqueous electrolyte solution disadvantageously exhibits a low lithium ionic conductivity at low temperature.
  • the lithium ion secondary batteries has low charging/discharging cycle efficiencies, which has a negative influence on low temperature charging/discharging properties.
  • Japanese Patent No. 3,032,338 and No. 3,032,339 disclose a non-aqueous electrolyte solution using a ternary system of a cyclic carbonate, linear carbonate and linear ester compound in order to improve high rate charging/discharging characteristics and low temperature charging/discharging cycle efficiencies.
  • the present invention is designed to solve the above problems of the prior art, and therefore it is an objective of the present invention to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a lithium ion secondary battery, which makes it possible to greatly reduce the swelling phenomenon at high temperatures together with ensuring excellent charging/discharging characteristics.
  • the present invention provides a nonaqueous electrolyte solution for a lithium ion secondary battery, which includes a lithium salt and an organic solvent, wherein the organic solvent includes a carbonate compound, a linear ester compound and a linear ester decomposition inhibitor.
  • the non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a lithium ion secondary battery according to the present invention restrains the swelling phenomenon and at the same time improves low temperature charging/discharging characteristics of the secondary battery as compared to a conventional electrolyte solution, since the electrolyte of the present invention includes a linear ester compound and a linear ester decomposition inhibitor.
  • linear ester compound used in the present invention may be expressed by the following Chemical Formula 1 :
  • Ri and R 2 are independently a linear or branched Ci_ 5 alkyl group, and Ri and
  • R 2 may be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one halogen, respectively.
  • the linear ester compound may be selected from the group consisting of methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, butyl propionate, methyl butyrate, and ethyl butyrate, but it is not limited thereto.
  • the linear ester decomposition inhibitor used in the present invention may include as representative examples any one material or a mixture of at least two materials selected from the group consisting of pyrrole, thiophene, aniline, biphenyl, cyclehexyl benzene, fluoro-toluene, tris(trifluoroethyl)phosphate, ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, buty- ronitrile, hexanenitrile, succinonitrile, adiponitrile, valeronitrile, siloxane, silane, and their halogenated compounds, but it is not limited thereto.
  • any lithium salt material commonly used in an electrolyte solution for a lithium ion secondary battery may be used.
  • the lithium salt may be representatively any one material or a mixture of at least two materials selected from the group consisting of LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiSbF 6 , LiAsF 6 , LiClO 4 , LiN(C 2 F 5 SO 2 ) 2 , LiN(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 , CF 3SO 3 Li and LiC(CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 .
  • any carbonate material commonly used in an electrolyte of a lithium ion secondary battery may be used.
  • the carbonate compound may include as representative examples any one material or a mixture of at least two materials selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate, 3-fluoroethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methylpropyl carbonate, ethylpropyl carbonate, methylethyl carbonate, and butylene carbonate.
  • the non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a lithium ion secondary battery according to the present invention preferably includes about 100 to about 250 parts by weight of a linear ester compound and about 0.1 to about 20 parts by weight of a linear ester decomposition inhibitor, based on 100 parts by weight of the carbonate compound, so as to provide for desired effects with respect to the present invention.
  • a non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a lithium ion secondary battery according to the present invention includes a lithium salt and an organic solvent.
  • the organic solvent includes a carbonate compound, a linear ester compound and a linear ester de- composition inhibitor.
  • the present invention is characterized in that a linear ester compound and a linear ester decomposition inhibitor are incorporated in a non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a lithium ion secondary battery.
  • the non-aqueous electrolyte solution of the present invention may improve low temperature charging/discharging characteristics by containing the linear ester compound.
  • this linear ester compound gives rise to side reactions at the cathode interface, generating gas that leads to a swelling phenomenon.
  • the linear ester decomposition inhibitor is used for restraining such a swelling phenomenon.
  • the linear ester compound used in the present invention preferably employs a compound expressed by the following Chemical Formula 1 so as to further improve the low temperature charging/discharging characteristics.
  • R 1 and R 2 are independently a linear or branched Ci -5 alkyl group, and R 1 and/ or R 2 may be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one halogen.
  • the linear ester compound as representative examples is selected from the group consisting of methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, butyl propionate, methyl butyrate, and ethyl butyrate, but it is not limited thereto.
  • the linear ester decomposition inhibitor used in the present invention includes as representative examples any one material or a mixture of at least two materials selected from the group consisting of pyrrole, thiophene, aniline, biphenyl, cyclehexyl benzene, fluoro-toluene, tris(trifluoroethyl)phosphate, ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, buty- ronitrile, hexanenitrile, succinonitrile, adiponitrile, valeronitrile, siloxane, silane, and their halogenated compounds, but not it is limited thereto.
  • any lithium salt material commonly used in an electrolyte solution for a lithium ion secondary battery may be used.
  • the lithium salt includes as representative examples any one material or a mixture of at least two materials selected from the group consisting of LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiSbF 6 , LiAsF 6 , LiClO 4 , LiN(C 2 F 5 SO 2 ) 2 , LiN(CF 3 SO 2) 2 , CF 3 SO 3 Li and LiC(CF 3 SO 2 ),.
  • the carbonate compound included in the non-aqueous electrolyte solution of the present invention includes as representative examples any one material or a mixture of at least two materials selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate, 3-fluoroethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methylpropyl carbonate, ethylpropyl carbonate, methylethyl carbonate and butylene carbonate.
  • cyclic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate may be preferably used since they have high viscosity such that they show high dielectric constants and thus easily dissociate lithium salts in the electrolyte.
  • a linear carbonate with low viscosity and low dielectric constant such as dimethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate is mixed with a cyclic carbonate at a suitable ratio, it is possible to make an electrolyte solution with a high electric conductivity, more preferably.
  • the non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a lithium ion secondary battery according to the present invention preferably includes about 100 to about 250 parts by weight of a linear ester compound and about 0.1 to about 20 parts by weight of a linear ester decomposition inhibitor, based on 100 parts by weight of the carbonate compound.
  • the linear ester compound gives the desired effects of the present batteries, improves ionic conductivity and also decreases side reactions caused by the linear ester compound.
  • the linear ester decomposition inhibitor exhibits better effects in inhibiting decomposition of the linear ester compound.
  • the non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a lithium ion secondary battery according to the present invention is injected into an electrode structure having a cathode, an anode and a separator interposed between the cathode and the anode, thereby making a lithium ion secondary battery.
  • the cathode, the anode and the separator used in the electrode structure may be formed from any kind of material commonly used in making a lithium ion secondary battery.
  • LiCoO 2 LiNiO 2 , LiMnO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , Li(Ni a Co b Mn
  • sulfide, selenide and halide may be used in addition to the above oxides.
  • An anode active material may be formed from carbon material, lithium metal, silicon or tin, into/from which lithium ions may be intercalated or disintercalated. Among them, carbon material is preferred.
  • the carbon material may be low-crystalline carbon or high-crystalline carbon.
  • the low-crystalline carbon may be soft carbon or hard carbon as representative examples, and the high-crystalline carbon may be natural graphite, Kish graphite, pyrolytic carbon, mesophase pitch based carbon fiber, meso- carbon microbeads, mesophase pitches, or high-temperature sintered carbon, such as petroleum or coal tar pitch derived cokes, as representative examples.
  • the anode may contain a binding agent, which may employ various kinds of binder polymers, such as PVDF-co-HFP, polyvinylidenefluoride, polyacrylonitrile, and polymethylmethacrylate.
  • the separator may be formed of common porous polymer films used as a conventional separator, such as porous polymer film made using ethylene ho- mopolymer, propylene homopolymer, ethylene/butene copolymer, ethylene/hexene copolymer or ethylene/methacrylate copolymer, in a single layer or in laminate form.
  • the separator may be formed of a common porous non-woven fabric such as a non- woven fabric made of glass fiber with a high melting point or polyethylene terephthalate fiber, but it is not limited thereto.
  • the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention may have a variety of shapes which are not specially limited. Examples include a cylindrical can shape, an angled shape, a pouch shape or a coin shape. Mode for the Invention
  • LiPF 6 was added to a solution in which 230 parts by weight of an ethyl propionate
  • LiPF 6 was added to a solution in which 230 parts by weight of an ethyl propionate
  • a non-aqueous electrolyte solution was prepared in the same way as in the Comparative Example 1, except that methyl propionate (MP) was used as the linear ester compound.
  • a non-aqueous electrolyte solution was prepared in the same way as in the Comparative Example 1, except that diethyl carbonate (DEC) was used instead of the linear ester compound.
  • DEC diethyl carbonate
  • a non-aqueous electrolyte solution was prepared in the same way as in the Comparative Example 1, except that an organic solvent in which about 100 parts by weight of an ethyl carbonate, 117 parts by weight of a diethyl carbonate and 117 parts by weight of an ethyl propionate were mixed.
  • a non-aqueous electrolyte solution was made prepared in the same way as in the
  • Comparative Example 1 except that an organic solvent in which 100 parts by weight of an ethyl carbonate, 230 parts by weight of a diethyl carbonate and -butylolactone are used.
  • Lithium ion secondary batteries of the pouch type including the non-aqueous electrolyte solution according to each of the Examples 1 to 7 and the Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were manufactured using LiCoO 2 as a cathode and artificial graphite as an anode.
  • Low temperature discharging capacity and swelling at high temperatures were measured in the following manner.
  • the manufactured battery was initially charged/discharged at room temperature and then charged/discharged three times at a 0.2C current rate.
  • a discharge capacity at the fifth time is shown in Table 1.
  • the battery was charged at room temperature at a 0.2C current rate.
  • a ratio of the discharge capacity at a 0.2C current rate at -2O 0 C relative to the discharge capacity at a 0.2C current rate at room temperature is shown in Table 1.
  • Comparative Example 5 which contains ⁇ -butylolactone, but does not contain a linear ester compound, also shows that the inhibitor alone cannot secure excellent low temperature discharge properties and sharp decrease of swelling problem.
  • the non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a lithium ion secondary battery according to the present invention restrains swelling phenomenon while improving low temperature charging/discharging characteristics of a secondary battery.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une solution d'électrolyte non aqueuse pour une batterie rechargeable lithium-ion, qui comprend un sel de lithium et un solvant organique. Le solvant organique comprend un composé carbonate, un composé ester linéaire et un inhibiteur de décomposition d'ester linéaire. Cette solution d'électrolyte non aqueuse limite le gonflement tout en améliorant les caractéristiques de charge/décharge à basse température de la batterie rechargeable en comparaison avec un électrolyte conventionnel, du fait qu'elle contient le composé ester linéaire et l'inhibiteur de décomposition d'ester linéaire. La solution d'électrolyte non aqueuse peut être utilisée dans la fabrication d'une batterie rechargeable lithium-ion.
PCT/KR2008/003186 2007-06-07 2008-06-05 Solution d'électrolyte non aqueuse pour une batterie rechargeable lithium-ion et batterie rechargeable lithium-ion comprenant celle-ci WO2008150134A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08766148.4A EP2160787B1 (fr) 2007-06-07 2008-06-05 Solution électrolytique non-aqueuse pour une batterie rechargeable aux ions lithium et batterie rechargeable aux ions lithium comprenant cette dernière
CN200880018975A CN101682084A (zh) 2007-06-07 2008-06-05 锂离子二次电池的非水电解质溶液和具有该溶液的锂离子二次电池
US12/663,117 US8455143B2 (en) 2007-06-07 2008-06-05 Non-aqueous electrolyte solution for lithium ion secondary battery and lithium ion secondary battery having the same
JP2010511122A JP5220850B2 (ja) 2007-06-07 2008-06-05 リチウムイオン二次電池用非水電解液及びそれを含むリチウムイオン二次電池

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR10-2007-0055532 2007-06-07
KR20070055532 2007-06-07

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WO2008150134A1 true WO2008150134A1 (fr) 2008-12-11

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Country Status (6)

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US (1) US8455143B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2160787B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5220850B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101062126B1 (fr)
CN (2) CN101682084A (fr)
WO (1) WO2008150134A1 (fr)

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EP2835856A4 (fr) * 2012-04-02 2015-03-11 Nissan Motor Solution d'électrolyte pour batteries secondaires au lithium-ion, et batterie secondaire au lithium-ion

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JP2013012387A (ja) * 2011-06-29 2013-01-17 Toyota Industries Corp 電解液及びリチウムイオン二次電池
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KR101537768B1 (ko) * 2012-05-31 2015-07-17 주식회사 엘지화학 비수 전해액 및 이를 이용한 리튬 이차전지
US10044066B2 (en) 2012-06-01 2018-08-07 Solvary SA Fluorinated electrolyte compositions
WO2013180781A1 (fr) 2012-06-01 2013-12-05 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Batterie à ion lithium
KR20140094959A (ko) * 2013-01-23 2014-07-31 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 리튬 이차 전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지
HUE046573T2 (hu) 2013-04-04 2020-03-30 Solvay Nemvizes elektrolit készítmények
WO2015064987A1 (fr) 2013-10-28 2015-05-07 주식회사 엘지화학 Pile rechargeable au lithium
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JP6189275B2 (ja) * 2014-10-08 2017-08-30 住友電気工業株式会社 ナトリウムイオン二次電池用電解質およびナトリウムイオン二次電池
FR3059835B1 (fr) * 2016-12-02 2020-01-24 Arkema France Amelioration de la conductivite ionique d'electrolyte a base de sels de lithium d'imidazolate
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TWI803648B (zh) 2018-06-12 2023-06-01 南韓商Ｌｇ化學股份有限公司 含無機塗層的電化學裝置用之隔板及彼之製造方法
CN110911745B (zh) 2019-11-29 2021-06-25 宁德新能源科技有限公司 电解液及电化学装置
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KR20230056000A (ko) * 2021-10-15 2023-04-26 컨템포러리 엠퍼렉스 테크놀로지 씨오., 리미티드 전해액, 이차전지와 전기장치

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CN104377383A (zh) 2015-02-25
JP5220850B2 (ja) 2013-06-26
EP2160787A1 (fr) 2010-03-10
CN101682084A (zh) 2010-03-24
EP2160787B1 (fr) 2014-04-30
KR101062126B1 (ko) 2011-09-02
JP2010529618A (ja) 2010-08-26
EP2160787A4 (fr) 2012-07-11
KR20080108043A (ko) 2008-12-11
CN104377383B (zh) 2017-08-11
US8455143B2 (en) 2013-06-04

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