WO2008102894A1 - Système optique afocal à agrandissement variable - Google Patents

Système optique afocal à agrandissement variable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008102894A1
WO2008102894A1 PCT/JP2008/053114 JP2008053114W WO2008102894A1 WO 2008102894 A1 WO2008102894 A1 WO 2008102894A1 JP 2008053114 W JP2008053114 W JP 2008053114W WO 2008102894 A1 WO2008102894 A1 WO 2008102894A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid material
focal length
lens group
optical system
variable
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2008/053114
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Akihiko Obama
Original Assignee
Nikon Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2007041132A external-priority patent/JP2008203648A/ja
Priority claimed from JP2007041141A external-priority patent/JP2008203650A/ja
Application filed by Nikon Corporation filed Critical Nikon Corporation
Publication of WO2008102894A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008102894A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B15/00—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification
    • G02B15/14—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective
    • G02B15/142—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having two groups only
    • G02B15/1425—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having two groups only the first group being negative

Definitions

  • the variable focal length element includes a first liquid material and a second liquid material that has a refractive index different from that of the first liquid material and is not mixed in a container, and the first liquid material and the first liquid material By changing the physical quantity applied to the second liquid material, the focal length is changed by changing the shape of the interface between the first liquid material and the second liquid material,
  • the refractive index of the first liquid material at the reference wavelength is n 1
  • the refractive index of the second liquid material at the reference wavelength is n 2
  • the optical system light having the first lens group and the second lens group
  • the tangent of the angle formed by the axis and the outgoing light beam corresponding to the maximum angle of view of the optical system is tan
  • the refractive power of the variable focal length element in the low magnification end state of the optical system is ⁇ L
  • a variable power focal optical system characterized by satisfying the following conditional expression (1) when the refractive power of the variable focal length element in the magnification end state is defined as:
  • the physical quantity is preferably a voltage.
  • the distance between the first lens group and the second lens group is changed in accordance with the change in the focal length of the first lens group. It is desirable to change the magnification.
  • the second lens group is closer to the object side than the first lens group. It is desirable to change the magnification of the entire optical system by moving only the two lens groups along the optical axis.
  • the second lens group is composed of only one or more fixed focal length elements.
  • the surface of the variable focal length element that contacts the air is a curved surface.
  • the refractive index at the reference wavelength of the first liquid material is n 1 and the refractive index at the reference wavelength of the second liquid material is n 2
  • the distance on the optical axis from the surface where the first liquid material and the first optical window are in contact to the boundary surface is DL 1
  • the distance on the optical axis from the surface where the second liquid material and the second optical window are in contact to the boundary surface is DL 2 H
  • the second aspect of the present invention is composed of a first lens group having a first variable focal length element and a second lens group having a second variable focal length element, from a low magnification end state to a high magnification end state.
  • the zooming is performed by changing at least one of the refractive power of the first lens group and the refractive power of the second lens group.
  • the refractive power and the refractive power of the second lens group are such that one of the bending powers is positive and the other refractive power is negative.
  • the first variable focal length element includes the first liquid material, the first liquid, A material and a second liquid material having a different refractive index and not mixed are enclosed in a container, and the physical quantity applied to the first liquid material and the second liquid material is changed, thereby changing the first liquid material and the second liquid material.
  • zooming from the low magnification end state to the high magnification end state is performed by changing the refractive power of the first lens group and the refractive power of the second lens group. It is desirable to do this.
  • the air gap between the first lens group and the second lens group is fixed when zooming from the low magnification end state to the high magnification end state. Yes.
  • variable power focal system As is generally known, at least two lens groups are required to form an optical system in which the light emitted from the optical system is almost afocal.
  • the object-side lens group is the objective lens group O and its focal length is ⁇ o [mm]
  • the pupil-side lens group is the eyepiece lens group E and its focal length is; fe
  • [mm] in order to form an almost afocal lens group, when the principal point interval between the objective lens group O and the eyepiece lens group E is d [mm], the following conditional expression (A) is approximately It is necessary to satisfy.
  • (A) d fo + fe
  • At least one of the focal length fo of the objective lens group O and the focal length fe of the eyepiece lens group E must be changed in order to change the magnification of the afocal optical system. It is.
  • variable focal length element encloses a first liquid material and a second liquid material that has a refractive index different from that of the first liquid material and does not mix in the container,
  • the focal length can be changed by changing the shape of the boundary surface between the first liquid material and the second liquid material.
  • variable focal length elements have been proposed using various means, and recently, variable focal length elements using a phenomenon called electron capillary phenomenon or electrowetting phenomenon have been proposed.
  • variable power afocal optical system has the function of the objective lens group 0 in the second lens group and the eyepiece group E in the first lens group.
  • a change in the diopter caused by a change in the focal length of the variable focal length element during zooming to the end state is corrected by moving the second lens group, that is, the objective lens group 0, and high optical performance can be obtained.
  • a variable power afocal optical system with a simple configuration can be obtained with a simple movable mechanism.
  • it is desirable that the second lens group is composed of only one or more fixed focal length elements. 14
  • Conditional expression (2) is a conditional expression for obtaining high optical performance by suppressing the aberration variation of the variable magnification focal optical system when zooming from the low magnification end state to the high magnification end state.
  • conditional expression (2) When the upper limit value of conditional expression (2) is exceeded, the refractive index difference at the boundary surface between the first liquid material and the second liquid material of the variable focal length element becomes excessively high. Then, it becomes easy to be influenced by the surface accuracy error of the boundary surface, and it becomes difficult to suppress the fluctuation of the decentration coma aberration due to the surface accuracy error of the boundary surface, and the variable magnification afocal optical system with high optical performance. You will not be able to get
  • variable power afocal optical system it is desirable that at least one of the first liquid material and the second liquid material contains an antifreeze material component.
  • the first liquid material or the second liquid material may freeze and solidify depending on the operating temperature. Then, not only the optical characteristics change, but also the interface shape cannot be changed, and a variable magnification focal optical system cannot be realized. Therefore, at least one of the first liquid material and the second liquid material contains an antifreeze material component such as ethylene glycol to prevent solidification due to freezing, and the variable magnification over a wide temperature range. A focal optical system can be realized. It is desirable that the antifreeze material component is contained in the liquid having the higher freezing point of the first liquid material and the second liquid material, or in the conductive liquid.
  • the variable focal length element has a first optical window in contact with the first liquid material and a second optical window in contact with the second liquid material.
  • the distance on the optical axis from the surface where the first liquid material and the first optical window are in contact to the boundary surface is DL 1 L
  • the light from the surface where the second liquid material and the second optical window are in contact to the boundary surface is The distance on the axis
  • the distance on the optical axis from the surface where the first liquid material and the first optical window are in contact to the boundary surface is DL 1H
  • the second liquid material and the second optical window When DL 2H is the distance on the optical axis from the contact surface to the boundary surface, the following conditional expression should be satisfied.
  • Conditional expression (4) is a conditional expression for maintaining the boundary surface shape accuracy of the variable focal length element and realizing high optical performance in the low magnification end state.
  • conditional expression (4) the boundary surface is too close to the second optical window. In this case, since tension is generated between the second optical window and the boundary surface, the shape accuracy of the boundary surface deteriorates, and aberrations such as spherical aberration and curvature of field occur and high optical performance cannot be maintained.
  • Conditional expression (5) is a conditional expression for maintaining the boundary surface shape accuracy of the variable focal length element and realizing high optical performance in the high magnification end state.
  • conditional expression (5) the boundary surface is too close to the first optical window. Then, since tension is generated between the first optical window and the boundary surface, the boundary surface shape accuracy is deteriorated, and aberrations such as spherical aberration and field curvature are generated, and high optical performance cannot be maintained.
  • Conditional expression (6) is a conditional expression for maintaining the boundary surface shape accuracy of the variable focal length element and realizing high optical performance in the high magnification end state.
  • conditional expression (6) the boundary surface is too close to the second optical window. In this case, since tension is generated between the second optical window and the boundary surface, the shape accuracy of the boundary surface deteriorates, and aberrations such as spherical aberration and curvature of field occur and high optical performance cannot be maintained.
  • variable focal length element has a first optical window in contact with the first liquid material and a second optical window in contact with the second liquid material, From the low magnification end state to the high magnification end state, the distance from the surface where the first liquid material and the first optical window are in contact to the boundary surface, and the distance from the surface where the second liquid material and the second optical window are in contact to the boundary surface It is desirable that the sum of By adopting such a configuration, it is not necessary to change the thickness of the entire variable focal length element in the optical axis direction, and a variable focal length device having a simple configuration can be obtained. Therefore, a variable power afocal optical system with a simple configuration can be realized.
  • variable power afocal optical system according to the first embodiment is not limited to the observation optical system, but can be applied to a focal front converter, a relay optical system, and the like of the photographing optical system.
  • the distance between the first lens group and the second lens group is changed minutely, or the focal length of the first lens group G1 is changed minutely, so that the emitted light from the optical system is shifted from the focal so-called view. It is also possible to adjust the degree.
  • variable power afocal optical system Examples of the variable power afocal optical system according to the first embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings.
  • FIG. 1 is a lens configuration diagram of the variable focal lens optical system according to the first example of the first embodiment.
  • L is a low magnification end state
  • M is an intermediate magnification state
  • H is a high magnification end state. It represents.
  • the first lens group G 1 is disposed closer to the object side than the second lens group G 2.
  • the first lens group G 1 serves as an objective lens group
  • the second lens group G 2 serves as an eyepiece group.
  • the first lens group G 1 includes a negative meniscus lens L 1 S having a convex surface directed toward the object side and a variable focal length element L 1 V.
  • the variable focal length element L 1 V includes the first liquid material LQ 1 and the first liquid material LQ 1 in which the refractive index is different from that of the first liquid material LQ 1 and is not mixed.
  • the second liquid material LQ 2 by changing the voltage, which is a physical quantity applied to the first liquid material LQ 1 and the second liquid material LQ 2.
  • the focal length of the entire lens group G1 can be changed in a negative range.
  • variable focal length element L 1 V is a parallel plate glass that is part of the container in order from the object side.
  • the plano-concave lens L 1 4 has a concave surface on the pupil EP side. That is, the surface in contact with air is a curved surface.
  • the first liquid material is a mixture of sodium chloride aqueous solution, which is a conductive liquid material, and ethylene glycol, which is an antifreeze liquid
  • the second liquid material is silicon oil, which is an insulating liquid material, and has the same density. .
  • the RLQ in the lens design and variable data represents the radius of curvature of the boundary surface LB between the first liquid material LQ 1 and the second liquid material LQ 2.
  • Table 2 of the second embodiment which will be described later, and the subsequent description is omitted.
  • Table 1 From the low magnification end state L to the high magnification end state H, the distance from the surface where the first liquid material and the first optical window are in contact to the boundary surface, the second liquid material and the second optical window The sum of the distance from the surface that touches the boundary surface is unchanged.
  • “mm” is used as the unit for the radius of curvature and the surface interval, but the optical system can obtain the same optical performance even when proportionally enlarged or reduced.
  • Other suitable units can also be used without limitation. The same applies to each embodiment described later.
  • the unit of the spherical aberration diagram is m- 1 (diopter D), and h is the incident height.
  • the incident height h is the height at which the land light passes through the lens surface closest to the object, and the land light is the light ray farthest from the optical axis among the light rays having a field angle of zero.
  • Astigmatism The solid line in the figure shows the sagittal image plane, and the broken line shows the meridional image plane (unit: m- 1 ; diop evening D).
  • A indicates the light incident angle (unit: degree).
  • the vertical axis of the coma aberration diagram represents the coma aberration (unit: minutes) at each incident angle. Note that the same reference numerals are used in the various aberration diagrams of the following examples, and the following description is omitted.
  • the second variable focal length element L 2 V is composed of, in order from the object side, a plano-concave lens L 2 1 (third optical window) that is a part of the container and has a concave surface facing the object side, and a third liquid material LQ 3 It consists of a lens part L 2 2 consisting of a lens part L 2 3 consisting of a fourth liquid material LQ 4, and a parallel flat glass L 2 4 (fourth optical window) that is part of the container. The surface in contact with the air is curved.
  • the third liquid material is a mixture of a sodium chloride aqueous solution, which is a conductive liquid material, and ethylene glycol, which is an antifreeze liquid.
  • the fourth liquid material is silicon oil, which is an insulating liquid material, and is composed of the same density. .
  • the first liquid material L Q 1 and the third liquid material L Q 3 have different sodium chloride concentrations.
  • the second liquid material L Q 2 and the fourth liquid material L Q 4 are silicon oils but have different substances.

Abstract

L'invention vise à proposer un système optique afocal à agrandissement variable utilisant un élément à distance focale variable, émet un rayon de lumière de projection sensiblement afocal à partir du système optique, corrige de façon satisfaisante une aberration, et a une performance optique élevée. Le système optique afocal à agrandissement variable comporte un premier groupe de lentilles (G1) d'un élément à distance focale variable (L1V) et un second groupe de lentilles (G2). Selon l'invention, un agrandissement variable d'un état d'agrandissement faible (L) à un état d'agrandissement élevé (H) est réalisé par le changement d'une distance focale du premier groupe de lentilles (G1), l'une des distances focales du premier groupe de lentilles (G1) et du second groupe de lentilles (G2) étant positive et une autre étant négative, et l'élément à distance focale variable (L1V) change une forme de limite entre un premier matériau liquide (LQ1) et un second matériau liquide (LQ2) enfermés dans un contenant, ont des indices de réfraction différents l'un de l'autre et ne sont pas mélangés l'un avec l'autre.
PCT/JP2008/053114 2007-02-21 2008-02-18 Système optique afocal à agrandissement variable WO2008102894A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2007041132A JP2008203648A (ja) 2007-02-21 2007-02-21 変倍アフォーカル光学系
JP2007-041132 2007-02-21
JP2007041141A JP2008203650A (ja) 2007-02-21 2007-02-21 変倍アフォーカル光学系
JP2007-041141 2007-02-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008102894A1 true WO2008102894A1 (fr) 2008-08-28

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102906617A (zh) * 2010-05-28 2013-01-30 佳能株式会社 变焦透镜及包括该变焦透镜的图像拾取装置
US8520313B2 (en) 2009-10-19 2013-08-27 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Zoom lens and image pickup device including the same
WO2013157606A1 (fr) * 2012-04-20 2013-10-24 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 Dilatateur de faisceau

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59101618A (ja) * 1982-12-01 1984-06-12 Canon Inc 変倍光学系
JP2005292763A (ja) * 2004-03-12 2005-10-20 Konica Minolta Opto Inc ズームレンズ
JP2006098972A (ja) * 2004-09-30 2006-04-13 Casio Comput Co Ltd ズームレンズユニット及びカメラ
JP2006098987A (ja) * 2004-09-30 2006-04-13 Casio Comput Co Ltd 光学ユニット、カメラ及び光学機器
JP2006520007A (ja) * 2003-03-17 2006-08-31 ノキア コーポレイション 画像ズーミング方法および装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59101618A (ja) * 1982-12-01 1984-06-12 Canon Inc 変倍光学系
JP2006520007A (ja) * 2003-03-17 2006-08-31 ノキア コーポレイション 画像ズーミング方法および装置
JP2005292763A (ja) * 2004-03-12 2005-10-20 Konica Minolta Opto Inc ズームレンズ
JP2006098972A (ja) * 2004-09-30 2006-04-13 Casio Comput Co Ltd ズームレンズユニット及びカメラ
JP2006098987A (ja) * 2004-09-30 2006-04-13 Casio Comput Co Ltd 光学ユニット、カメラ及び光学機器

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8520313B2 (en) 2009-10-19 2013-08-27 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Zoom lens and image pickup device including the same
CN102906617A (zh) * 2010-05-28 2013-01-30 佳能株式会社 变焦透镜及包括该变焦透镜的图像拾取装置
WO2013157606A1 (fr) * 2012-04-20 2013-10-24 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 Dilatateur de faisceau
JPWO2013157606A1 (ja) * 2012-04-20 2015-12-21 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 ビームエクスパンダ
US10067401B2 (en) 2012-04-20 2018-09-04 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Beam expander

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