WO2008087244A1 - Method of pretreating material that is fed into a smelting furnace, and a preheating system - Google Patents
Method of pretreating material that is fed into a smelting furnace, and a preheating system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008087244A1 WO2008087244A1 PCT/FI2007/000292 FI2007000292W WO2008087244A1 WO 2008087244 A1 WO2008087244 A1 WO 2008087244A1 FI 2007000292 W FI2007000292 W FI 2007000292W WO 2008087244 A1 WO2008087244 A1 WO 2008087244A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- preheating
- fed
- silo
- heating unit
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/19—Arrangements of devices for discharging
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/527—Charging of the electric furnace
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/56—Manufacture of steel by other methods
- C21C5/562—Manufacture of steel by other methods starting from scrap
- C21C5/565—Preheating of scrap
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D13/00—Apparatus for preheating charges; Arrangements for preheating charges
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/001—Extraction of waste gases, collection of fumes and hoods used therefor
- F27D17/003—Extraction of waste gases, collection of fumes and hoods used therefor of waste gases emanating from an electric arc furnace
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C2100/00—Exhaust gas
- C21C2100/06—Energy from waste gas used in other processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention relates to a method of pre-treating material that is fed into a smelting furnace (2), such as an electric furnace, whereby the feed material (5) is treated in a preheating system (1) comprising several separate preheating silos (3), each of them being connected, at the lower part thereof, to the smelting furnace by means of at least one feed pipe (6), the preheating system containing a means for distributing the heating gas in the preheating silo (3), whereby the gas mixture (4) that is fed into each preheating silo (3) of the preheating system is heated in a common gas heating unit (8), whereby the temperature of the material in each preheating silo (3) is adjusted by changing the amount of gas mixture (4) that is fed through the gas heating unit (8). The invention also relates to the preheating system.
Description
METHOD OF PRETREATING MATERIAL THAT IS FED INTO A SMELTING FURNACE, AND A PREHEATING SYSTEM
The invention relates to a method of and equipment for pre-treating material that is fed into a smelting furnace, such as an electric furnace. According to the invention, the feed material is treated in a preheating system comprising several separate preheating silos, which at their lower parts are connected to the smelting furnace by means of feed pipes for feeding the material to be smelted in the smelting furnace. According to the invention, the temperature of the material contained in an individual preheating silo of the preheating system is adjusted by means of a change in the amount of gas mixture that is fed through the common gas heating unit that heats the circulation gas.
It is well known to pre-treat the raw material before feeding it into the electric fur- nace through the preheating system so that the feed mixture is heated in a separate preheating silo, wherein the granular or lumpy feed mixture is heated and dried. In order not to need as much energy in the actual electric furnace for smelting the material, and to evaporate certain impurities before taking the material into the electric furnace, preheating is required. The preheated feed material also stabi- lizes the operation of the electric furnace. It is well known to use one or more preheating silos for each electric furnace. The material to be heated is fed in batches through a feeding silo into the preheating silo, wherein the material is heated by means of a hot gas flow. Typically, the hot gas mixture is fed into the preheating silo through its lower part so that it is evenly distributed inside the bed of material. It is well known that the preheating silo is connected to the smelting furnace by separate feed pipe arrangements, which run through the roof of the smelting furnace and into the interior of the smelting furnace, feeding the preheated material to smelting. It is well known to use a feeding silo that consists of several sub-silos. There are limitations related to the use of only one preheating silo, e.g., the limita-
tions of space related to the size of the silo. It is also more difficult to control the preheated feed material, if only a single preheating silo is used.
Published application ZA 20012421 discloses a method of and equipment for pre- treating the feed material before smelting it in the smelting furnace. According to the publication, the feed material is fed into several feeding silos, each of them being connected to a preheating silo for heating the feed material. Each preheating silo is connected to the smelting furnace by means of a feed pipe. According to the invention, the gases that are released from smelting and preheating are cleaned and burnt in the presence of oxygen and utilized in the preheating process. However, the publication does not present a possibility to adjust the heating gas from an individual gas heating unit to several preheating units. Neither does it disclose a possibility to adjust the temperature of the heating gas for the individual preheating unit.
Publication US 6099301 discloses equipment for pre-treating material that is fed into the smelting furnace, whereby the material is heated in several preheating units, which, at their lower parts, are connected to feeding channels that lead to the smelting furnace, several feeding channels being provided for each preheating silo. In the arrangement according to the invention, a gas distribution cone is arranged inside the silo for an even distribution of gas inside the preheating silo.
The purpose of the invention is to provide a new method of and equipment for pre- treating material, which is fed into the smelting furnace, such as an electric fur- nace, in a preheating system containing several preheating silos. In particular, the purpose of the invention is to adjust the temperature of the material in an individual preheating silo by changing the amount of gas mixture that is fed into the preheating silo in the preheating system comprising several preheating silos.
The invention is characterized in that which is cited in the claims.
The invention relates to a method of pre-treating material that is fed into the smelting furnace, such as an electric furnace, whereby the feed material is treated in a preheating system comprising several separate preheating silos, each one of them being connected, at the lower part thereof, to the smelting furnace by means of at least one feed pipe; the preheating system comprising a means for distributing the heating gas in the preheating silo, whereby the gas mixture that is fed into each preheating silo of the preheating system is heated in a common gas heating unit, whereby the temperature of the material in each preheating silo is adjusted by changing the amount of gas mixture that is fed through the gas heating unit. By means of the invention, the temperature of the material bed in an individual preheating silo can preferably be adjusted in the preheating system comprising several preheating units. By means of the common gas heating unit, the circulation gas provides a desired temperature to the gas mixture that is fed into each pre- heating silo. The amount of gas mixture that is fed into each individual preheating silo can be changed by means of a control unit, such as valves that are arranged in the gas line. The adjustment of the individual preheating silo is important, when the amount of preheated material that is fed through it into a specific spot in the smelting furnace is to be influenced. The invention provides savings in equipment costs, and financial and process-technical benefits with respect to the operation of the smelting furnace. The even temperature of the feed material stabilizes the operation of the smelting furnace and, as a consequence, increases the production volume.
According to an embodiment characteristic of the invention, the exhaust gas of the smelting furnace and/or the preheating silo is recycled to the gas heating unit.
The exhaust gas releasing from the preheating silo and/or the smelting furnace is washed in at least one gas cleaning equipment before the gas heating unit. The amount of circulation gas that is fed into the gas heating unit from the gas cleaning
equipment is adjusted by means of circulation gas pumps. The gas mixture that is heated in the gas heating unit is fed into the preheating silos, the amount of gas fed into each one of them being separately adjusted by means of at least one control apparatus that is arranged in the gas line. According to an embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the gas mixture that is fed into each individual preheating silo is adjusted by directing a required amount of circulation gas to the gas mixture that is heated in the gas heating unit before feeding the gas mixture into each preheating silo and into the bed of material therein, which is to be heated. Circulation gas can be directed to the preheating silo-specific gas lines in question through adjustable circulation control equipment, such as valves. This can also be used in adjusting the temperature of the heating gas of the individual preheating silo.
Another object of the invention comprises a preheating system for pre-treating ma- terial that is fed into the smelting furnace, such as the electric furnace, whereby the preheating system includes several preheating silos, each one of them containing at least one feed pipe that is connected to the smelting furnace and a means for distributing the heating gas into the preheating silo, whereby a common gas heating unit is arranged for the preheating silos of the preheating system for heating the gas mixture that is fed into the preheating silo, and control equipment being arranged in connection with the gas heating unit to adjust the amount of gas mixture. According to an embodiment of the invention, the control equipment comprises at least one adjusting device, such as a valve, per each preheating silo.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the gas heating unit comprises at least one burner and at least one combustion chamber. The gas mixture that is fed into the gas heating unit is washed in at least one gas cleaning equipment. There is at least one control unit in the gas line between the gas heating unit and each preheating silo for adjusting the amount of gas mixture that is fed into the preheat- ing silo. The control units can be used in adjusting the amount of gas and the tern-
perature separately for each preheating unit, and an even temperature is attained in the preheating silos and the temperature of the preheated material can be maximized. A required amount of circulation gas can be added to the gas mixture that is fed into each preheating silo for adjusting the temperature of the gas mixture that is fed into the preheating silo, the amount being adjustable by means of a circulation gas control unit.
In the following, the invention is described in more detail by means of an example and with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a process flow chart according to the invention.
Fig. 1 shows the method and the preheating system 1 according to the invention for pre-treating the material that is fed into the smelting furnace 2. According to the invention, the feed material 5 in a granular form is homogenized and fed into preheating silos 3, of which there are preferably several in the process in a parallel relationship, three according to the example. In the preheating silo 3, the feed material 5 forms an even bed of material, within which heating and the evaporation of impurities take place under the effect of the hot gas mixture 4 that is fed into the preheating silo 3. The feed material 5 is fed into the preheating silos through feeding silos (not shown in the figure), for example, so that the material flow that is fed and the surface of the material remain even. Each preheating silo 3 is, at its lower part, connected to the smelting furnace 2, such as the electric furnace, wherein the material is smelted. Typically, the preheating silo 3 is connected to the smelting fur- nace 2 by feed channels 6, of which there are preferable several, e.g., at least three per one preheating silo 3, in order to feed the material smoothly into various spots in the smelting furnace 2.
The gas mixture 4 that is used for heating the material in the preheating silo 3 is heated to a desired temperature in a gas heating unit 8 that is located in the gas
line 7 of the preheating silo 3, the unit comprising a burner and a combustion chamber. The exhaust gas 17 that is formed in the smelting furnace 2 contains CO and it is further conducted to gas cleaning equipment 9 to be washed, and from there directly to the burner of the gas heating unit 8, to which also oxygen or oxy- gen-containing gas is conducted. According to the invention, the exhaust gas 16 releasing from each preheating silo 3 is directed to be washed in gas cleaning equipment 10, from where it is further conducted directly to the gas heating unit 8. The amount of circulation gas 19 that is fed into the gas heating unit 8 is adjusted by means of circulation gas pumps 13 that are connected to the gas line. In the gas heating unit 8, the gas mixture 4 is heated to a temperature suitable to be fed into each preheating silo 3. The temperature of the bed of material in the preheating silo should be kept at about 7000C. The gas line 7 includes control equipment 11 , such as valves, per each preheating silo, which are used for adjusting the amount of gas mixture of a constant temperature that is fed into each individual preheating silo 3. The gas mixture 4, which heats the bed of material and which is used in the preheating silo 3, is heated in the combustion chamber of the gas heating unit 8, and the formed gas mixture is further conducted therefrom to gas distributing equipment 12 located in the lower part of the preheating silo, from which the gas mixture 4 can be evenly distributed inside the material bed in the preheating silo. After the circulation gas pumps 13, the circulation gas 15, i.e., the exhaust gas that is released from the preheating silo can also be conducted to the gas line 7 by a separate circulation gas line. By feeding the circulation gas 15 after the control equipment 11 that adjusts the amount of gas mixture 4, the temperature of the gas mixture that is fed into each preheating silo can be influenced as desired. The amount of circulation gas 15 that is fed into the gas mixture 4 can be adjusted by means of a circulation gas control device 14. When so desired, the device can be used in adjusting the temperature of the heating gas mixture to a desired value for the individual preheating silo 3 of the preheating system 1 , and, hence, the temperature of the preheating gas and also that of the material in the preheating silo is influenced.
According to the invention, the temperature of the material bed is adjusted by changing the amount of hot gas mixture 4 that is fed through the gas heating unit 8 and by adjusting the temperature of the gas mixture 4 by increasing the amount of circulation gas 15. The amount of gas mixture 4 can be changed by regulating it, for example, by means of the control equipment 11 located in the gas line 7, and the temperature of the material contained in each individual preheating silo can be adjusted either by reducing or increasing the amount of gas mixture that is fed. If less hot air is fed into the preheating silo, the material bed is heated less, and vice versa. According to the invention, one common gas heating unit 8 is arranged for the preheating silos 3, the unit being used for heating the gas mixture 4 that is fed into each preheating silo. The exhaust gas 16 that is recycled from the preheating silo is directed to the gas cleaning equipment 10, of which there is one per several preheating silos 3, according to the example. In that case, each separate gas line of exhaust gas 16 includes a control unit 18 of its own so that a desired amount of exhaust gas 16 can be taken to washing from each preheating silo. The amount of exhaust gas 16 that is fed into the gas cleaning equipment 10 from each preheating silo 3 can be adjusted, depending on the conditions in each preheating silo. After washing, the circulation gas is fed directly to the gas heating unit 8. Part of the circulation gas is removed from the process before feeding it into the gas heating unit.
The invention is not only limited to the embodiments above, but various modifications are possible within the inventive idea as defined by the claims.
Claims
1. A method of pre-treating material that is fed into a smelting furnace (2), such as an electric furnace (2), whereby the feed material (5) is treated in a pre- heating system (1) comprising several separate preheating silos (3), each of them being connected, at the lower part thereof, to the smelting furnace by means of at least one feed pipe (6), the preheating system comprising a means for distributing the heating gas in the preheating silo (3), characterized in that the gas mixture (4) that is fed into each preheating silo (3) of the preheating system is heated in a common gas heating unit (8), whereby the temperature of the material in each preheating silo (3) is adjusted by changing the amount of gas mixture (4) that is fed through the gas heating unit (8).
2. A method according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the exhaust gas (16,
17) of the smelting furnace (2) and/or the preheating silo (3) is recycled to the gas heating unit (8).
3. A method according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the exhaust gas (16, 17) releasing from the preheating silo (3) and/or the smelting furnace (2) is washed in at least one gas cleaning equipment (9, 10) before the gas heating unit (8).
4. A method according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the amount of circu- lation gas (19) that is fed from the gas cleaning equipment (10) to the gas heating unit (8) is adjusted by means of circulation gas pumps (13).
5. A method according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the gas mixture (4) that is heated in the gas heating unit (8) is fed into the preheating silos (3), the amount of gas that is fed into each one of them being separately ad- justed by means of at least one control equipment (11) arranged in the gas line (7).
6. A method according to Claim 5, characterized in that the temperature of each gas mixture (4) that is fed into the individual preheating silo is adjusted by directing a required amount of circulation gas (15) to the gas mixture (4) that is heated in the gas heating unit (8) before the gas mixture is fed into each preheating silo (3).
7. A preheating system (1) for pre-treating material that is fed into a smelting furnace (2), such as an electric furnace, whereby the preheating system includes several preheating silos (3), each including at least one feed pipe (6), which is connected to the smelting furnace, and a means (12) for distributing the heating gas into the preheating silo, characterized in that a common gas heating unit (8) is arranged for the preheating silos (3) of the preheating system (1) for heating the gas mixture (4) that is fed into the preheating silo, control equipment (11) being arranged in connection with the gas heating unit for adjusting the amount of gas mixture.
8. A preheating system (1) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the control equipment (11) comprises at least one control device per each preheating silo.
9. A preheating system (1) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the gas heating unit (8) comprises at least one burner and at least one combustion chamber.
10. A preheating system (1) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the exhaust gas (16, 17) that is fed into the gas heating unit (8) has been washed in at least one gas cleaning equipment (9, 10).
11. A preheating system (1) according to Claim 7, characterized in that there is at least one control unit (11) in the gas line between the gas heating unit (8) and each preheating silo (3) for adjusting the amount of gas mixture that is fed into each preheating silo.
12. A preheating system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a required amount of circulation gas (15) can be added to the gas mixture (4) that is fed into each preheating silo (3), its amount being ad- justable by means of a circulation gas control unit (14).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI20061123A FI20061123L (en) | 2006-12-15 | 2006-12-15 | Method for pretreatment of material fed to the melting furnace and preheating system |
| FI20061123 | 2006-12-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2008087244A1 true WO2008087244A1 (en) | 2008-07-24 |
Family
ID=37623749
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FI2007/000292 WO2008087244A1 (en) | 2006-12-15 | 2007-12-13 | Method of pretreating material that is fed into a smelting furnace, and a preheating system |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FI (1) | FI20061123L (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2008087244A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200710578B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103884193A (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2014-06-25 | 南京凯盛国际工程有限公司 | Combined adjustable material spreading device |
| WO2015114579A2 (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2015-08-06 | Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche S.P.A. | Plant and method for melting metal materials |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4375958A (en) * | 1980-06-06 | 1983-03-08 | Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for preheating steel scrap by exhaust gas from steelmaking electric furnace |
| US4478574A (en) * | 1981-08-31 | 1984-10-23 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Scrap preheating system for an electric furnace |
| US4708640A (en) * | 1984-06-27 | 1987-11-24 | Outokumpu Oy | Apparatus for batch preparation and feeding into the smelting process |
| US6099301A (en) * | 1998-06-15 | 2000-08-08 | Outokumpu Oyj | Feed apparatus for batch preparation feed mixture for feeding into smelting furnace |
| EP1279914A1 (en) * | 2001-07-24 | 2003-01-29 | ELTI S.r.l. | Method for preparing scrap iron to be fed to steelmaking electric furnaces, and apparatus for carrying out the method |
-
2006
- 2006-12-15 FI FI20061123A patent/FI20061123L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2007
- 2007-12-05 ZA ZA200710578A patent/ZA200710578B/en unknown
- 2007-12-13 WO PCT/FI2007/000292 patent/WO2008087244A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4375958A (en) * | 1980-06-06 | 1983-03-08 | Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for preheating steel scrap by exhaust gas from steelmaking electric furnace |
| US4478574A (en) * | 1981-08-31 | 1984-10-23 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Scrap preheating system for an electric furnace |
| US4708640A (en) * | 1984-06-27 | 1987-11-24 | Outokumpu Oy | Apparatus for batch preparation and feeding into the smelting process |
| US6099301A (en) * | 1998-06-15 | 2000-08-08 | Outokumpu Oyj | Feed apparatus for batch preparation feed mixture for feeding into smelting furnace |
| EP1279914A1 (en) * | 2001-07-24 | 2003-01-29 | ELTI S.r.l. | Method for preparing scrap iron to be fed to steelmaking electric furnaces, and apparatus for carrying out the method |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015114579A2 (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2015-08-06 | Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche S.P.A. | Plant and method for melting metal materials |
| WO2015114579A3 (en) * | 2014-01-31 | 2016-03-10 | Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche S.P.A. | Plant and method for melting metal materials |
| US10356852B2 (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2019-07-16 | Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche Spa | Plant and method for melting metal materials |
| CN103884193A (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2014-06-25 | 南京凯盛国际工程有限公司 | Combined adjustable material spreading device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI20061123L (en) | 2008-06-16 |
| FI20061123A0 (en) | 2006-12-15 |
| ZA200710578B (en) | 2008-11-26 |
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