WO2008084102A2

WO2008084102A2 - Device comprising a plurality of supporting framework modules, and mechanism for adjusting modules used for converting or concentrating solar power

Info

Publication number: WO2008084102A2
Application number: PCT/EP2008/050299
Authority: WO
Inventors: Paul Schlossbauer; Hermann Posselt
Original assignee: Paul Schlossbauer; Hermann Posselt
Priority date: 2007-01-12
Filing date: 2008-01-11
Publication date: 2008-07-17
Also published as: WO2008084102A3; DE102007001827A1

Abstract

Disclosed is a device to be used as a roof and/or substructure for a photovoltaic plant or solar panel system (52, 53, 54, 56, 58). Said device comprises a plurality of supporting framework modules (32, 33), each of which has a substantially horizontal supporting frame (33) and a substantially vertical prop (32). The lower end of each prop (32) rests on a foundation (10) of the device. Each prop (32) is rigidly connected to the associated supporting frame (33) at a distance from the lower end of the prop (32). The supporting frames (33) of at least two supporting framework modules are interconnected at the edges thereof. Also disclosed is a mechanism for adjusting modules (58) used for converting or concentrating solar power according to the position of the sun. Said mechanism comprises a first shaft (60), about which the modules (58) can be rotated, as well as a plurality of second shafts (77) that run substantially perpendicular to the first shaft (60) and can be rotated along with the first shaft (60), each module being tiltable about one of the second shafts (77).

Description

description

Device of a plurality of structural modules and device for tracking modules for converting or bundling solar energy

The present invention relates to a device for roofing and / or as a substructure for modules for the conversion or bundling of solar energy, in particular modules of a photovoltaic or solar collector system or mirror of a solar thermal power plant.

The present invention further relates to a device for tracking modules for converting or bundling solar energy, in particular a multi-module photovoltaic or solar collector system or mirrors a solar thermal power plant, according to the position of the sun.

The use of solar energy to generate electrical energy or heat is becoming increasingly important in light of rising energy prices and the now recognized consequences of burning fossil fuels. In particular, for the generation of electrical power by means of photovoltaics large areas are needed. Therefore, systems with capacities in the megawatt range are almost exclusively produced in the field. However, this has the disadvantage that the distance to the consumer or to a public power grid into which electricity can be fed in is often large. In addition, built-up areas with photovoltaic systems are only partially usable for agriculture. In addition, many cons ^¬ stands come against the construction of photovoltaic plants in the wild because they are perceived as unaesthetic.

For the reasons mentioned is a creation of photovoltaic systems in settlements or their immediate proximity advantageous. Solar collector systems for the production of heat Solar energy makes sense only in the immediate vicinity of heat consumers, since heat can only be transported over longer distances with great effort and with low losses.

Occasionally, photovoltaic systems have already been built on car park roofs. Parking spaces have the advantage that they are usually located close to consumers and electrical supply networks. An infeed of electrical power into the public power grid is therefore possible over short cable lengths and with little effort.

However, conventional parking roofs have the disadvantage that their creation is complicated and expensive. This applies in particular to retrofitting existing parking spaces.

The costs for the time-consuming production of solar cells still account for a considerable share of the costs of producing photovoltaic systems. Their performance is therefore to be optimally utilized. The same applies, albeit in a somewhat mitigated form, also for solar collector systems, in particular, for example, for vacuum-insulated solar collectors.

In particular, photovoltaic systems, but also solar collector systems are therefore already variously designed so that the modules are rotatable about an axis and their orientation at any time in terms of their yield or the generated electrical or thermal power is maximum.

In order to further increase the yield, the modules have also been rotated or swiveled around two axes to track the sun. One example is the photovoltaic plant near Kleinwulkow in Saxony-Anhalt. Another example is provided by Ecoware SpA, Via Terza Strada, 7, 35129 Padova, Italy. However, conventional biaxial systems have the disadvantage that very large modules are tracked. To accommodate weight forces and corresponding moments and wind forces therefore large, expensive and heavy devices and drives are required. Moreover, these are not suitable for many applications, for example for installation on a flat roof of a building.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an inexpensive device for roofing and / or as a substructure for modules for converting or bundling solar energy.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved apparatus for tracking modules for converting or concentrating solar energy.

These objects are achieved by a device according to the independent claims.

Preferred developments are defined in the dependent claims.

The present invention is based on the idea to provide a plurality of structural modules, each comprising at least one substantially vertical structural support and a horizontal support frame, which are interconnected at their outer edges. Structural support and supporting frame of each structural module are one or two axes rigid (ie rigid in one or two directions) connected to each other. The single structural module does not have to be stable. Rather, it is sufficient that a stability of the entire device is created by a mutual lateral support of the individual structural modules. This in turn can be dispensed with a foundation on (low-lying) foundations. Instead, every load Plant support simply on the terrain surface or the ground, in particular an asphalt or concrete surface of an existing parking lot, rest. The device is thus similar to a table, which consists of several modules, each comprising one or more legs or structural supports. The costly creation of foundations and the required in the case of an existing parking lot usually required relocation or diversion of supply and disposal lines for water, sewage, drainage, gas, electricity, data, etc. can therefore be omitted. The total costs can be kept so low that they can be partially or completely amortized by remuneration from the supply of electrical energy in a power grid. Another advantage is that the device can be erected and dismantled simply and inexpensively due to the omission of a foundation and is therefore also suitable for temporary or short-term use in changing locations.

In one embodiment, therefore, is a structural support with its lower end without foundation on a substrate of the device. Foundation-free means preferably that the structural support rests on the original, undeveloped underground, for example on an existing gravel, grassland, asphalt or concrete surface. Alternatively, foundation-free means that there is no foundation between the supporting column and the ground, which reaches into a depth that can be considered frost-free at the given location.

The connection between structural support and ground can be designed so that horizontal forces are absorbed or transmitted only by static friction between the supporting structure support and the substrate. In addition, for example, pegs or a buried in the underground profile can be provided at the bottom of the truss prop. Preferably, a support surface opposite over the horizontal cross-sectional area of the structural support widening device, such as a horizontal plate, considered as part of the structural support.

The device preferably also has one or more roof surfaces for the protection of the underlying areas from the weather, in particular for shading and / or for the discharge of precipitation. In this case, each roof structure is preferably assigned to each structural module. Particularly preferably, a roof surface comprises a membrane with a central opening, in which the supporting structure support of the associated structural module is arranged, wherein the membrane is pulled towards the edge of the central opening in a funnel shape downwards. Alternatively, a roof surface comprises a trapezoidal sheet, a sheet metal panel, another sheet metal cover or a cover made of wood, concrete or steel. Preferably, the roof surface consists of prefabricated elements.

An advantage of the roof surface is that the device has a double benefit, namely as a substructure for modules for the conversion or bundling of solar energy and as protection of the underlying surfaces from rainfall and solar radiation. Modules for the conversion or bundling of solar energy are, for example, modules of a photovoltaic or solar collector system or mirrors of a solar thermal power plant that focus or concentrate solar radiation on a heat exchanger in which high temperatures are generated. In the furnace, for example, steam is generated which then drives a turbine coupled to a generator.

However, the device can also be used alone as a canopy, which carries no photovoltaic or solar collector system or mirror. Also in this case, the favorable production costs represent a major economic advantage. However, the device is not only usable at ground level on paved, concreted or green parking lots but also on other surfaces advantageous. In particular, the device can also be mounted on an existing flat roof of a building with little effort and thus with low creation costs. Instead of an anchorage, which would require a complex intervention in the existing structure of the building and the flat roof, the device can be easily placed on the existing surface of the flat roof. Preferably, the lower ends of the structural supports thereby extend through a substrate layer of a green flat roof, through insulating layers or through a gravel filling and lie directly on load-bearing structures of the roof. The structural supports are preferably located there on the flat roof, where it is supported from below, for example by supporting outer or inner walls or by vertical structural supports in the building. The variants described above with or without roof surface and with or without photovoltaic or solar collector system are correspondingly feasible and have corresponding advantages.

If the device is used as a substructure for a photovoltaic or solar collector system, the latter is preferably trackable to the position of the sun and particularly preferably comprises one or more modules which are rotatable about an axis oriented in north-south direction. Advantageously, in this case, the device comprises a torsion tube substantially parallel to the axis to which the module or modules are connected. The rotation about the axis preferably takes place with an electromotive drive via a self-locking gear, in particular a worm gear. A worm gear allows for easy adjustment of the modules in any angle range.

Particularly advantageous is an additional tilt of each one or more modules about a tilt axis perpendicular to the axis for a biaxial tracking of the pho- photovoltaic or solar collector plant according to the position of the sun. This biaxial tracking system ensures particularly efficient utilization of the installed photovoltaic or solar collector area by constantly adjusting the angle of the modules to the first axis to a current optimum value.

Alternatively, a stepless adjustment or adjustability (for example by means of a turnbuckle, a threaded rod or an adjustable clamping) or an adjustability in two or more predetermined stages (for example by means of detents) is provided. This allows, for example, a manual or motorized adjustment of the modules from time to time depending on the season.

In a commercially advantageous approach, an existing or newly created parking lot, a flat roof or an open space with a device, as described above, overbuilt. Revenues or other economic business benefits that are subject to the costs of creation can be obtained from the reimbursement of the feed-in of electrical energy into a public power grid or by another use of the generated electrical energy.

Alternatively or additionally, revenues are generated through the rental of roof space for advertising. Advertising can be printed on the roof surface, painted or projected from below, in the case of an at least partially transparent roof surface also from above. Particularly in the case of a parking lot, an advertising message projected onto the roof surface or other information may be moved under the control of motion sensors with a moving vehicle or a moving person.

As an alternative or in addition, a moving vehicle or a moving person can move along with it. provided sound, which in turn is controlled by motion sensors. For this purpose, a plurality of speakers are preferably provided, for example, at all or some corners of the support frame or on the structural supports. Depending on the current position of the vehicle or the person is the

Sound spatially varied or modulated. In particular, the volume and / or the phase of the sound emitted by each loudspeaker are varied in such a way that the impression is produced by the vehicle occupant or the person that the sound source moves with it or, for example, runs next to it.

The described dependent on the location of a vehicle or a person projection and / or sound is not only suitable for the multimedia mediation of an advertising message, which leaves a particularly intense impression. Alternatively or additionally, a particularly comfortable and effective system for orientation assistance or traffic management can thus be implemented. Particularly in extensive parking facilities, the user can be comfortably guided, for example, from his vehicle to the entrance of a shopping center or from the shopping center back to his vehicle.

In another economically advantageous method, an owner, tenant, tenant, or other party for any reason, creates a device on the ground, as described above in several variants. The inventor of the device obtains revenue that can partially or completely compensate for or even overcompensate for the cost of production, from a sale of electrical or thermal energy generated by a photovoltaic or solar collector system on the device. For this purpose, for example, electrical energy is fed into a public power grid or supplied or transferred heat to industrial or craft enterprises or private households that use the heat as process heat and / or for heating buildings and / or for hot water production. Alternatively or additionally, revenues are generated by renting roofs for advertising.

In a variant of the method described, the owner, tenant, tenant or otherwise authorized user of the parking space or other reason does not create the device. A creator concludes a contract with the owner, tenant, tenant, or otherwise beneficial owner of the cause, creates the device, and generates revenue as described above. The creator and operator of the device pays a user fee to the owner, tenant, renter, or other beneficial owner of the cause. Alternatively, the owner, tenant, tenant or otherwise entitled to pay an appreciation fee for the upgrading of the built-up area by the device due to the required sun and weather protection.

Alternatively, the device alone or with a photovoltaic or solar collector system by the owner, tenant, tenant or otherwise authorized users or created by a third party who then operates the device and the photovoltaic or solar collector system itself. Alternatively, the device alone or together with a photovoltaic or solar collector system is subsequently sold to an operator, leased or given to him for use on the basis of another contract. A roof area is created by the owner, tenant, tenant or otherwise authorized user of the land on which the device rests or by the creator of the device or by an operator of the device. The creator of the roof area scored

Revenue or other economic benefit from the placement of advertising or other information on or from the projection of advertising or other information on the roof surface.

The device described thus has up to three independent functional levels or use levels, which can also be used economically independently.

The uppermost level, which may also be referred to as a "collector level", may be used for generating energy and resources via a solar power plant installed there or at least partly there to generate electrical energy or heat, the heat also being used to cool or air-condition buildings or other facilities.

The roof level, for example, designed as a membrane, can serve as a shelter for protection against sun, rain or other rainfall, generally as weather protection. It can also be used as an advertising medium, multimedia playable via projections, rear projections, sound reinforcement or printing. In addition, rainfall can be collected for local disposal, storage or use.

The ground level can be used as a parking area for cars, as storage areas, as a space for markets, or as a cultivable, agriculturally usable area with its own irrigation via the membrane cone.

The three levels can be managed by different operators. In the case of parking, the solar park operator can build on a steel structure prepared construction. The roof level can generate income through advertising technology measures, and be operated by an agency, for example. The parking spaces are higher-quality over the roof and can be rented more expensive. Operation may be by a car park operator or a public space administrator. Due to the multiple use of the construction, the development costs for the single level are reduced and thus the profitability of all individual parts and levels is enormously improved. In another variant, the solar modules provide a shading for agricultural cultivation of the underlying soil. The funnel-shaped membranes of transparent material, such as ETFE, collect precipitation, which are introduced, for example, in internal cisterns. The floor of the greenhouse can be irrigated by itself, irrespective of location. The result is an agriculturally or horticulturally usable new climatic zone with, to a certain extent, an independent climate from the natural climate of the site. Again, the investors and operators of the solar power plant can occur independently of the operators of the roof and floor level and z. B. provide each other with the resources.

The present invention is further based on the idea of several modules for converting or bundling solar energy, in particular photovoltaic or solar collector modules or mirrors of a solar thermal power plant, about a first axis and further one or more modules about a second axis, the the first axis is substantially perpendicular and rotatable with the first axis to move. The term "module" includes photovoltaic and solar collector modules as well as mirrors of a solar thermal power plant and other modules for the conversion or bundling of solar energy.

An advantage of this device is that the masses and the areas of the individual modules each form only a (small) fraction of the total mass and the total area.

Therefore, the device must absorb only relatively small forces on each module and can be designed according to light and inexpensive. At the same time, only one drive for several (almost any number of) modules is required, at least for the rotation about the first axis. For a photovoltaic or solar collector system in the field, on a flat roof or another substantially horizontal Surface, the first axis is preferably aligned substantially horizontally in north-south direction. For a photovoltaic or solar collector system on a slope or embankment, the first axis is preferably aligned substantially parallel to the terrain surface in a north-south direction. For a photovoltaic or solar collector system on an outer wall of a building, the first axis is preferably arranged substantially vertically.

For tilting the modules about the second axes preferably a coupling gear in the form of a push rocker is provided. Each push rocker comprises a rocker and a coupling member, which connects the rocker via two joints with a plurality of coupling gears common push member. By moving the thrust member in the longitudinal direction of the angle of the rocker and the coupling member are changed relative to the first axis. The modules are each rigidly connected to the wings or to the coupling links. Rocker and coupling member are each connected to each other via a hinge, which preferably in the normal operation of the device, i. during the day

Orientation of the modules to the sun, in the shadow of the respective module or on its sun-remote side is arranged.

Alternatively, the modules are tilted by a coupling mechanism in the form of a multi-rocker or pendulum push rod arrangement about the second axis. The multiple rocker comprises one rocker for each module and one or more coupling links which articulate the rockers. Rocker and coupling member are preferably each connected to each other via a hinge which is arranged on a spaced-apart from the corresponding module portion of the rocker. In particular, each rocker preferably has a first portion between the second axis and the module or on the module and a second portion between the second axis and the joint, wherein the two portions are connected to each other straight or L-shaped. The use of a coupling mechanism, in particular the above-described coupling mechanism in the form of a push rocker or a multiple rocker, has a number of advantages. In particular, when using a common thrust member or a common coupling member for several modules for the tilting about the second axis only one drive for several (almost any number) modules is required. In addition, coupling gears are simple and inexpensive to produce, reliable and durable and require little maintenance effort.

Preferably, a plurality of modules and optionally the associated coupling gear are connected to a torsion tube substantially parallel to the first axis, which is rotatably mounted about the first axis. If the coupling gear - as described above - are designed as thrust rockers, the common thrust member is preferably guided on or in the torsion tube.

In the embodiments described above, the coupling members are preferably designed in each case as a push and / or pull rod, regardless of the orientation of the modules and the attacking wind forces on thrust or train or depending on the orientation of the modules or the attacking wind forces Thrust and on train to be claimed. In addition to devices in which all modules are the same and all coupling members are the same or mutually formed, also devices are possible and depending on the circumstances advantageous in which the modules different Have sizes and / or tilted over different coupling gear and / or a part of the modules is rotatable only about the first axis.

The devices described above comprise the described photovoltaic or solar collector modules or are designed for attachment of the modules to the device.

Preferred developments of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures. These show:

Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a device for roofing and as a substructure for a photovoltaic system;

Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of a device for roofing and with a photovoltaic system;

Figure 3 is a schematic exploded perspective view of the device of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a further schematic exploded perspective view of the device of Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a schematic perspective view of a device for roofing and with a photovoltaic system; and

Figure 6 is a schematic perspective view of a

Device for roofing and with a photovoltaic system.

FIGS. 7 to 9 are schematic representations of a part of a photovoltaic system with three different orientations of a photovoltaic module; Figures 10 to 12 are schematic representations of a section of a photovoltaic system from three different directions;

Figures 13 to 15 are schematic representations of a section of a photovoltaic system from three different directions;

Figure 16 is a schematic representation of a section of a photovoltaic system;

17 shows a schematic representation of a detail of a photovoltaic system;

FIGS. 18 and 19 are schematic representations of a section of a photovoltaic system;

Figures 20 to 23 are schematic representations of a section of a photovoltaic system from two different directions and at two different orientations of PhotovoItaikmodulen;

Figures 24 to 27 are schematic representations of a section of a photovoltaic system from two different directions and in two different orientations of PhotovoItaikmodulen;

Figures 28 to 31 are schematic representations of a section of a photovoltaic system from two different directions and at two different orientations of PhotovoItaikmodulen;

Figures 32 and 33 are schematic representations of a detail of a photovoltaic system at two different orientations of photovoltaic modules; and

FIGS. 34 and 35 are schematic illustrations of a detail of a photovoltaic system in two different orientations of photovoltaic modules.

Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a device for roofing and as a substructure for a photovoltaic system. The device rests on a base 10, are arranged on the parking spaces 20 for motor vehicles and preferably marked. The device comprises a plurality of structural modules, four of which are each shown at least partially in FIG. Each gantry module comprises a substantially vertical structural support 32 and a substantially horizontal support frame 33. A support frame 33 comprises two substantially horizontal first outer supports 34 and two substantially horizontal second outer supports 35 facing the first outer supports 34 are arranged substantially orthogonal. Further, a support frame 33 includes a first inner support 36 that is substantially parallel to the first outer supports 34 and a second inner support 37 that is substantially parallel to the second outer supports 35. The inner beams 36, 37 preferably intersect or substantially intersect at the center of the support frame 33. When the inner beams 36, 37 are arranged in a plane as shown in Figure 1, at least one of the two inner beams 36, 37 is at the point of intersection the two inner support 36, 37 at least partially interrupted. The outer supports 34, 35 and the inner supports 36, 37 define four preferably substantially equal and preferably rectangular squares.

The structural support 32 lies with its lower end on a support element 31 on the substrate 10. The support element 31 is preferably connected to the lower end of the structural support 32 positive or material fit (for example by screws, welding or riveting) and / or connected to the substrate 10 by gluing or by friction forces. The support frame 33 and in particular the point of intersection of the inner supports 36, 37 of the support frame 33 rests on the upper end of the support pillar 32 and is connected thereto. Stiffeners 38 are preferably designed in the form of diagonal struts. They connect the structural support 32 to the support frame 33 in such a way that the angles between the structural support 32 and the support frame 33 remain essentially invariable under all expected loads on the device.

Under the support frame 33, a membrane 40 is stretched as a roof surface, which is indicated in Figure 1, as well as in Figures 3 and 4, as a transparent grid. The outer edge of the membrane 40 is anchored to the outer beams 34, 35 and preferably has substantially the same shape as the support frame 33. The membrane 40 has a central opening in which the structural support 32 is disposed. To the edge 41 of the central opening, the membrane 40 is funnel-shaped pulled down. The diaphragm 40 thus has at each point a slope towards the central opening which becomes ever larger towards the truss 32. Rain or melting snow therefore run down to the foot of the support column 32 and can, for example, seep away or be discharged there.

Adjacent structural modules are connected to one another via their edges, in particular via their outer supports 34, 35 and / or via connecting beams or connecting frames 45. The two structural modules shown on the left in Figure 1 form a three-point frame at an articulated connection to the first outer beams 34. In other words, the two adjacent structural modules are mutually supported, preventing them from tipping over in that direction. Each of the two structural modules shown on the left in FIG. 1 and one opposite each of the two in FIG. 1 Structural modules shown on the right are based on the connection carrier 45 from each other. In order to prevent tilting in this direction, the connecting beams 45 are each rigidly connected to at least one of the two adjacent structural modules.

The support frames 33 carry photovoltaic modules 58 via substantially vertical supports 52, substantially horizontal torsion tubes 54 and support profiles 56, in the place of which alternative solar collector modules can be provided. The supports 52 are connected at their lower ends to the support frame 33. At the upper ends of the supports 52, the torsion tubes 54 are rotatably mounted in bearings 53. Each support profile 56 is rigidly connected to a torsion tube 54. Each photovoltaic module 58 is connected to one, preferably two or more support profiles 56. The photovoltaic modules 58 together form a photovoltaic system, as part of which the support profiles 56, the torsion tubes 54, the bearings 53 and the supports 52 can be viewed.

The structural modules, in particular the Tragwerksstüt zen 32, the support frame 33 with the carriers 34, 35, 36, 37, and the stiffeners 38 and the supports 52, the bearing 53, the torsion tubes 54, the support profiles 56 and the photovoltaic modules 58 are in terms of their mechanical load capacity is dimensioned so that not only the weight of the entire device but also wind forces and snow loads are safely absorbed and discharged into the substrate 10. The structural supports 32 and / or the supports 34, 35, 36, 37 preferably comprise fire-coated and / or duplex-coated rolled sections (for example of steel with a quality according to DIN 18 800), which are welded and / or screwed connected to each other.

The membrane depends on whether it should only protect against precipitation or donate shade, and whether it should provide a projection surface for a projection of advertising or other information from below or from above, transparent, semitransparent, translucent or opaque. The membrane comprises coated (for example PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene) or uncoated woven or nonwoven fibers (for example PVC, carbon, Kevlar or glass fibers) or a film (for example made of ETFE - ethylene tetrafluoroethylene). Preferably, the film is fire-retardant or fire-resistant (for example flammability class A2 or B1).

Figure 2 shows a schematic perspective view of a device for roofing a parking lot and as a substructure with a photovoltaic system. In contrast to the device shown above with reference to FIG. 1, instead of four only three structural modules are provided. The individual structural modules and the photovoltaic system are similar to those described above with reference to FIG. The structural modules shown on the right in FIG. 2 are rigidly or hingedly connected to their first outer supports 34. The structural module shown on the left in Figure 2 is connected via connection carrier 45 with the two structural modules shown on the right in Figure 2. The connecting beams 45 are each rigidly connected to at least one adjacent structural module.

The photovoltaic modules 58 are shown in FIG. 2 rotated relative to the position shown in FIG. 1 about the torsion tubes 54. Preferably, the torsion tubes are each aligned substantially in the north-south direction. While the horizontal position of the photovoltaic modules 58 shown in FIG. 1 is optimal at the highest level of the sun, the inclined position of the photovoltaic modules 58 shown in FIG. 2 is ideal in the morning or in the afternoon. When the illustration in Figure 2 shows a view from the northeast, the position shown is a typical afternoon position. When the illustration in Figure 2 shows a southwest view, the illustrated position of the photovoltaic modules 58 is a typical morning position. In addition to a tracking of the photovoltaic modules 58 according to the position of the sun for optimal performance, the adjustability of the photovoltaic modules 58 has the further advantage that the photovoltaic modules 58 can be placed vertically to prevent the formation of a snow or ice layer during rainfall, to facilitate maintenance or at night to allow as undisturbed incidence of moonlight or other light on the ground 10. In the case of wind from a predetermined minimum speed, the photovoltaic modules 58 are preferably aligned substantially horizontally, in order to provide as small an attack surface as possible.

The torsion tubes 54 are preferably controlled by an automatic control and depending on the time of day and season, wind and precipitation electromotively via a self-locking gear, in particular a worm gear, adjustable. Each torsion tube 54 has its own drive. Alternatively, a plurality of torsion tubes arranged along a straight line are coupled together, preferably via couplings, which compensate for a thermally induced change in length of the individual torsion tubes 54. Alternatively, a plurality of juxtaposed torsion tubes are connected to each other by perpendicular to these arranged waves, so that a motor via the shafts and preferably self-locking gear (in particular worm gear) drives a plurality of torsion tubes 54.

The torsion tubes 54 each have a rectangular or circular cross-section. The bearings 53 are preferably plain bearings, which preferably have an axial clearance to accommodate thermally induced changes in length of the torsion tubes 54.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show schematic exploded perspective views of the above with reference to FIG. th device from two different perspectives. In the following, reference will be made to both figures 3 and 4 at the same time.

In Figures 3 and 4 are each from bottom to top of the ground 10 with the slots 20, the membranes 40, the structural modules of the structural supports 32, the support frame 33 and the stiffeners 38 with the connecting beams 45 and the photovoltaic modules 58 with the support profiles 56th , the torpedo tubes 54, the bearings 53 and the supports 52 are shown pulled apart vertically. The auxiliary lines 49 are only for spatial assignment.

It can be clearly seen in particular in FIG. 4 that each structural module comprises a self-supporting supporting framework 33 which is self-supporting, the structural frameworks of adjacent structural modules being connected to one another directly or via connecting beams 45. Furthermore, it can be seen that the membranes 40 do not span the parking spaces 20 substantially completely, but do not or only partially span an access path between the parking spaces 20.

Figure 5 shows a schematic perspective view of another device for roofing a parking lot and as a substructure with a photovoltaic system. This device differs from the devices described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 in that the structural support 32 is extended upward beyond the support frame from the supports 34, 35, 36, 37. On the upper end about a vertical axis rotatably mounted (first arrow 78), a photovoltaic module 58 is arranged. Alternatively, the upper portion of the structural support 32 is rotatable relative to the lower portion or provided for example on a turntable on the support frame mounted vertical support for the photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module 58 is further tiltable about a horizontal axis (second arrow 79). Thus, the photovoltaic module is about two axes of the sun trackable. Instead of a photovoltaic module, a plurality of photovoltaic modules rigidly interconnected in one plane are alternatively provided.

Figure 6 shows a schematic perspective view of another device for roofing a parking lot and as a substructure with a photovoltaic system. This device differs from the devices described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 in that photovoltaic modules 58 are rotatably mounted about a vertical axis on a turntable 43 at a fixed or adjustable angle to the horizontal on at least one structural module. This means that the photovoltaic modules can be tracked around the axis of the sun by turning them slowly around the vertical axis during the day and orienting them in the morning to the east, at noon to the south and in the evening to the east. To protect the area under the structural modules from the weather, in particular rainfall, roof elements 42 are provided, which together with the photovoltaic modules 58 form a roof surface similar to a shed roof. The surfaces between the turntable 43 and the outer supports 34, 35 of the support frame 33 may be closed by other roof surfaces other than shown in Figure 6.

The elements (plots, membranes, structural and photovoltaic system) present in all of the devices shown above and shown separately in FIGS. 3 and 4 can have different owners, tenants, tenants or other beneficial owners, built by various natural or legal persons , operated, maintained and used by various natural or legal persons. The economic functions of these elements are different from each other. For example, the parking spaces are rented or made available to customers or visitors free of charge. The membranes 40 upgrade the parking spaces 20 by protecting vehicles parked there from solar radiation and precipitation. They either justify a higher parking space rent or increase, for example, the attractiveness of a shopping center or a cinema for its customers or visitors. Furthermore, advertising or other information can be printed, painted or aufprojeziert on the membranes advertising. These may be advertisements for the companies providing the pitch or their products or services or for products or services of another company or for references to the goods or services offered by a company.

The photovoltaic system generates revenue from the sale of electrical energy, in particular the feed-in of electrical energy into a supply network, and creates or reinforces an image of ecologically conscious action.

In the exemplary embodiments illustrated above with reference to the figures, the structural modules corresponding to the parking spaces 20 and the torsion tubes 54 are aligned parallel to the carriers of the support frames 33. Alternatively, this alignment is completely or partially omitted. In particular, in an existing parking space, it may be useful, for example, to adapt the structural modules in terms of their dimensions, their arrangement and orientation to the existing parking lot, but regardless of the photovoltaic system and in particular the torsion 54 to align exactly north-south direction, regardless of whether the parking lot and the structural modules are aligned.

In the embodiments illustrated above with reference to the figures, each structural module comprises a support frame and a structural support. Therefore, at least three gantries modules are required whose structural supports are not arranged in a row to a stable stability achieve without further support structures or provide a rigid anchorage to the ground.

Alternatively, a structural module has two structural supports or a structural support with a (linear) footprint extended in one direction. In this case, a stable stability is achieved by at least two gantry modules, wherein the footprints of the support columns are not on a straight line.

Instead of parking spaces for motor vehicles may be provided under the described devices also parking spaces for bicycles, aircraft, land or water berths for messenger, parcels of a campsite, storage areas for transport containers for the wood of a sawmill or other goods.

Instead of a membrane can be provided in all the embodiments shown above and their variants, a roof surface made of sheet metal (especially trapezoidal sheet metal panels, etc.), wood, concrete, steel or other self-supporting components, and in particular of precast. The said alternatives to the membrane are preferably arranged over the support frame. If necessary, (preferably over the structural modules) a web construction (for example, wooden or metal grating) is provided, which is accessible for maintenance of the photovoltaic system.

Instead of photovoltaic modules, solar collector modules for obtaining heat from sunlight can be usefully used in all of the embodiments and variants described above.

FIGS. 7 to 9 show schematic representations of a device for tracking a photovoltaic system comprising a plurality of photovoltaic modules 58. The device comprises a support frame with substantially horizontal supports 34 and 37 or is placed on this support frame. The supports 34, 37 are each preferably double T-beams or U-beams or double U-beams and parallel to two orthogonal directions. To the support frame substantially vertical supports 52 are connected, at the upper ends in bearings 53, a torsion tube 54 is rotatably mounted with a circular cross-section. The torsion tube 54 is rotatable about a first axis 60, which is also the cylinder axis of the torsion tube 54. The first axis 60 is parallel to the viewing direction and perpendicular to the drawing plane of FIGS. 7 to 9. The torsion tube 54 is connected to each module 58 via at least one bracket 55, a support profile 56 and a hinge 76 arranged between the bracket 55 and the support profile 56 connected .

Shafts 59 are operatively connected to the torsion tube 54 via a worm gear 69. A shaft 59 connects the worm gears 69 of in each case two or more torsion tubes 54 arranged next to one another and is arranged perpendicularly to them. Relative to the direction of the first axis 60, the shafts 59 and the worm gears 69 are each arranged outside the region of a module 58. Preferably, each worm gear 69 is disposed near a bearing 53 or even integrated with it.

The modules 58 are rotatable about the first axis 60 and can be tilted with the hinges 76 about the second axis perpendicular to the first axis 60 in order to track them according to the current position of the sun or to align them optimally with the sun at all times. The rotation about the first Axis 60 is driven by a motor, not shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, in particular an electric motor, via the shafts 59 and the worm gears 69.

FIGS. 10 to 12 are schematic representations of a portion of the device illustrated above with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9 or another device for tracking a device Photovoltaic or solar collector plant in views from different directions. In the illustration in FIG. 10, the first axis 60 is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. In the illustration in FIG. 11, the second axis is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. In the illustration in FIG. 12, both the first axis 60 and the second axis are parallel to the plane of the drawing. Hereinafter, reference is made to Figures 10 to 12 together, unless otherwise mentioned.

The torsion tube 54 has a plurality of grooves 60 parallel to the first axis 60, in which the heads of screws can be hung, the threads of which then project radially from the torsion tube 54 and allow screw connections with other components. Furthermore, the torsion tube 54 has a channel 74, which is open to the surroundings of the Torsionsrohes 54 through a parallel to the first axis 60 slot 67. The first channel 74 is connected via a second slot 68 parallel to the first axis 60 with a likewise parallel to the first axis 60 second channel 75 in connection. In the second channel 75 a parallel to the first axis 60 displaceable pusher member 72 is arranged, which projects partially into the first channel 74. Consoles 55 are suspended in the first slot 67 and connected by screws 61 to grooves 62 with the torsion tube 54. The hinge 76 is connected via screw connections 63 to the brackets 55. The support profile is connected in a manner not shown, preferably also by screw to the hinge.

Figures 13 to 15 show schematic representations of a bearing 53 of the above with reference to Figures 7 to 9 shown

Device or other device for tracking a photovoltaic or solar collector system in views from three different directions. In Figure 13, the plane of the drawing is perpendicular to the first axis 60. In addition, a cross section of the torsion tube 54 is shown. In Figure 14, the plane of the drawing is parallel to the first axis 60 and to the vertical or to the supports 52. In Figure 15 is the Drawing plane parallel to the first axis 60 and to the carriers 34, 37th

The bearing 53 comprises two bearing half-shells 82 which are interconnected by screw connections 64 and a bushing 84 between the torsion tube 54 and the bearing half-shells 82. The bushing 84 is preferably made of a plastic with a low coefficient of friction, for example PTFE. The bushing 84 has a collar, which is preferably connected by screw connections 65 to the bearing half-shells 82. The bearing 53 allows both a rotation of the torsion tube 54 about the first axis 60 as well as a displacement of the torsion tube 54 parallel to the first axis 60. This displacement allows compensation for changes in length due to temperature differences or temperature changes and thus avoids mechanical stresses.

FIG. 16 is a schematic representation of a portion of a device that differs from, and is also preferably similar to, the device illustrated above with reference to FIGS. 7 through 15 in the configuration of the torsion tube 54 and the brackets 55. The torsion tube 54 has a circular cross-section and four grooves 62 parallel to the first axis 60. The brackets 55 are each not hooked into the slot 67, but in a groove 62 and connected to a further groove 62 via a screw 61.

The brackets 55 are connected by means of screw 63 with the hinge 76. The hinge 76 is connected in a manner not shown to the support profile 56. The hinge 76 allows the photovoltaic module to tilt about a second axis 77.

FIG. 17 is a schematic illustration of a part of a device which differs from the device shown above with reference to FIGS. 7 to 15 in the embodiment of the torsion device. Onsrohres 54 and the console 55 differs and you are also preferably similar or the same. The mounting of the torsion tube 54 in the sleeve 84 and the bearing shells 82, which are interconnected by screw 64, and the connection of the sleeve 84 with the bearing shells 82 are similar or largely correspond to the above with reference to FIGS 13 to 15 shown storage. With regard to the number and arrangement of the grooves 62, the torsion tube 54 largely corresponds to the torsion tube described above with reference to FIG. 16.

In contrast to the latter, however, the torsion tube 54 shown in FIG. 17 has neither channels 74, 75 nor a slot 67. Consoles 55 are similar as shown above with reference to FIG 16, mounted in grooves 62 and screwed by screw 61 with further grooves 62. Instead of the thrust member shown above with reference to FIG. 16, a thrust member 92 is arranged outside of the torsion tube 54 and parallel to it. The thrust member 92 is rod-shaped or tubular with a circular cylindrical cross section. The thrust member 92 is mounted in a bush 93 in a bearing 94 such that it is displaceable parallel to the first axis 60. The bushing 92 preferably has a low coefficient of friction and consists for example of PTFE. Other features of

Apparatus similar or preferably correspond to the device illustrated above with reference to FIGS 7 to 15.

FIGS. 18 and 19 show schematic illustrations of an alternative mounting of an alternative torsion tube 54 from two different perspectives. The torsion tube 54 shown in FIGS. 18 and 19 and the bearing shown are preferably part of a device which, apart from the device described above with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9, corresponds to it. In Figure 18, the drawing plane is orthogonal to the first axis 60 and parallel to a vertical one Support 52. In Figure 19, the plane of the drawing is parallel to the first axis 60 and the vertical support 52.

In contrast to the devices illustrated above with reference to FIGS. 7 to 17, the torsion tube 54 has an approximately square cross-section. In the region of the bearing 53, the torsion tube 54 is surrounded by a U-shaped first slider 88 and a second slider 89, which together enclose a substantially square interior, in which the torsion tube 54 is arranged and have a substantially circular cylindrical surface. The substantially circular cylindrical lateral surface of the two sliding pieces 88, 89 is mounted between a first bearing half-shell 86 and a second bearing half-shell 87. The first bearing half shell 86 is connected to the support 52. The second bearing half shell 87 has the shape of a U-shaped profile with a rectangular cross section and is connected via screw 66 to the first bearing half shell 86. The sliders 88, 89 preferably have a low coefficient of friction and consist for example of PTFE. In the direction of the first axis 60, the sliders 88, 89 together on each side of the bearing formed from the bearing shells 86, 87 each have a collar which prevents slipping of the sliders 88, 89 in the direction parallel to the first axis 60. To compensate for example thermally induced changes in length of the torsion tube 54, this can slide in the sliders 88, 89.

FIGS. 20 to 23 again show schematic representations of a part of the device described above with reference to FIGS. 7 to 15. Figures 20 and 22 correspond to Figures 9 and 7, respectively; the first axis 60 is in each case arranged perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. FIG. 21 shows the alignment of the module 58 shown in FIG. 20 from another direction. FIG. 23 shows the orientation of the modules 58 shown in FIG. 22 and a further alignment of the modules 58 from a different view. In FIGS. 21 and 23 The planes of the drawing lie parallel to the first axes 60 and to the vertical supports 52.

In FIGS. 21 and 23, wings 71 can be seen on the sun-facing sides of the photovoltaic modules 58, which connect the support profiles 56. Coupling members 73 in the form of push rods are each hingedly connected at one end to the rocker 71 and at the other end to the push members 72, which can be seen in FIGS. 10, 13 and 16 but are not shown in FIGS. 21 and 23. The joints between the push members 72 and the coupling members 73 are preferably arranged in the first channels 74 shown in Figures 10, 13 and 16.

By moving the thrust member 72 parallel to the first axis 60, the modules 58 are tilted about the second axes 77. The extreme positions are the orientation of the modules 58 parallel to the first axis 60 shown in FIG. 23 and the inclination of the modules 58 shown in FIG. 21, in which the coupling links 73 are arranged perpendicular to the first axis 60. In Figure 23, the modules 58 are shown in both a horizontal orientation and in a vertical orientation corresponding to Figure 22.

Figures 24 to 27 show a variant of a device with reference to Figures 7 to 17 and 20 to 23 shown in Figures 20 to 23 corresponding schematic representations. The device of FIGS. 24 to 27 differs from the devices of FIGS. 7 to 17 and 20 to 23 in that the second axes 77 intersect or lie in a plane with the first axis 60 and that instead of brackets 55 and hinges 76 joints between the torsion tubes 54 and the rockers 71 are provided.

FIGS. 28 to 31 show a further variant of a device illustrated above with reference to FIGS. 7 to 17 and 20 to 23 in FIGS. 20 to 23 and 24 to 27, respectively. the representations. The device illustrated in FIGS. 28 to 31 differs from the device described above with reference to FIGS. 7 to 17 and 20 to 23 in that the torsion tubes 54 are spaced from the first axes 60, for which purpose perpendicular members or vertical members 60 to the first axis 60 are shown Cogs 96 are provided. Another difference is that the support profiles are arranged at the edges of the modules 58 in the device shown in FIGS. 28 to 31. Another difference is that in the device shown in Figures 28 to 31, the brackets 55 are not connected via a hinge, each with a support profile 56, but with the rocker 71.

Another difference is the arrangement of the hinges or joints. In the devices illustrated above with reference to FIGS. 7 to 17 and 20 to 23, the second axis 77 and the hinge 76 are each arranged near an edge of the associated module 58 (in particular on a support profile 56). Further, the hinge between the coupling member 73 and the rocker 71 and the center of gravity of the module 58 are spaced in the same direction from the second axis 77. In contrast, in the device shown in FIGS. 28 to 31, a joint between the bracket 55 and the rocker 71 is located between a joint between the coupling member 73 and the rocker 71 and the center of gravity of the module 58 Figures 28 to 31 illustrated device, the coupling member 73 claimed primarily to train, while it is claimed in the above with reference to Figures 7 to 17 and 20 to 23 devices primarily to pressure.

An advantage of the device illustrated above with reference to FIGS. 28 to 31 is that the second axes 77 are closer to the center of gravity of the modules 58. The drive forces required for tilting the modules 58 about the second axes 77 are therefore also lower. Another advantage is that the distance between the second Axis 77 and the straight line on which the coupling member 73 is currently located, in each position of the module 58 is greater than in the above with reference to Figures 7 to 17 and 20 to 23 illustrated devices. This also reduces the required driving forces for tilting the modules 58 about the second axes 77. A further advantage is that when the modules 58 are aligned horizontally, the coupling member 73 is arranged perpendicular to the push member 72. Therefore, a weight or wind force acting on the module is not transmitted to the drive of the push member 72.

Figures 32 and 33 show a variant of the above with reference to Figures 28 to 31 illustrated device in Figures 29 and 31 corresponding representations. The device shown in FIGS. 32 and 33 differs from the device described above with reference to FIGS. 28 to 31 in that the coupling mechanism for tilting the photovoltaic modules 58 is designed in the form of a multiple rocker. The support profiles 56 on the photovoltaic modules 58 are connected to one another by a further support profile 98. The further support profile 98 is connected to the consoles 55 near (preferably in) the center of gravity of the photovoltaic modules 58 about the second axes 77. Depending on a rocker 71 (preferably near the second axis 77) rigidly connected to the other support profile 98 and thus with each photovoltaic module 58. The rockers 71 of two or more photovoltaic modules 58 are connected to one another via one or more coupling links 97. Each coupling link articulates two or preferably more rockers 71 together. A coupling member 97 and all the rockers 71 hingedly connected thereto form the coupling mechanism in the form of a double rocker (when a coupling member 97 connects only two rockers 71) or multiple rocker. Figure 32 shows the photovoltaic modules 58 in a tilted position, Figure 33 shows them in a horizontal position. An advantage of the devices of FIGS. 28 to 33 is that the center of gravity of the sum of all elements rotating about the first axis 60 is closer to the first axis 60. The driving forces required to rotate the modules 58 about the first axis 60 are therefore less.

Figures 34 and 35 show a device as described above with reference to Figures 32 and 33, with corresponding orientations of the photovoltaic modules 58. However, unlike the device described with reference to Figures 32 and 33, the device shown in Figures 34 and 35 has none Cranking up. The axis of the torsion tube 54 thus coincides with the first axis 60, as is the case, inter alia, with the devices illustrated above with reference to FIGS. 7 to 27.

The devices shown above with reference to the figures can be advantageously varied in many ways. For example, the rockers can be integrated into the modules or formed by the modules themselves in mechanically stable modules. All devices shown can be provided not only for photovoltaic modules but alternatively also for solar collector modules. The illustrated devices may comprise the photovoltaic or solar collector modules or be designed only for their assembly.

Claims

claims

1. Device for roofing and / or as a substructure for modules for the conversion or bundling of solar energy, with

a plurality of structural modules (32, 33),

wherein each of the plurality of structural modules has a substantially horizontal support frame (33) and a substantially vertical structural support (32),

wherein each structural support (32) rests with its lower end foundation-free on a base of the device,

each structural support (32) being rigidly connected at a distance from its lower end to the associated support frame (33), and

wherein the support frames (33) are interconnected by at least two structural modules at their edges.

2. Device for roofing and / or as substructure for modules for the conversion or bundling of solar energy, with

a plurality of structural modules (32, 33),

wherein each of the plurality of structural modules has an im

Has substantially horizontal support frame (33) and a substantially vertical structural support (32),

each structural support (32) rests with its lower end on a base of the device,

each support column (32) spaced from its base the other end is rigidly connected to the associated support frame (33), and

wherein the support frames (33) of at least two structural modules are interconnected at their edges, further comprising:

a photovoltaic or solar collector system (52, 53, 54, 56, 58) or mirrors for bundling sunlight, which is attached to the support frame 33.

3. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein the photovoltaic or solar collector system (52, 53, 54, 56, 58) or mirror above the support frame (33) is mounted.

4. Apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the photovoltaic or solar collector system (52, 53, 54, 56, 58) or the mirror is tracking the position of the sun.

5. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein a module (58) of the photovoltaic or solar collector system or a mirror is rotatable about a north-south axis.

6. Device according to the preceding claim, further comprising a torsion tube (54), with which the module (58) of the photovoltaic or solar collector system or the mirror is connected.

7. Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, further comprising a drive and a self-locking gear for rotating the

Module 58 and the mirror around the north-south axis.

8. Device according to one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the module (58) of the photovoltaic or solar collector system is further tiltable about a tilting axis which is perpendicular to the north-south axis and rotatable therewith.

9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the substrate (10) of the device is an asphalt surface or a concrete surface, on which rest the lower ends of the structural supports (32).

10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the substrate (10) of the device is a parking lot with an asphalt pavement or a concrete pavement on which the lower ends of the structural supports (32) lie up.

11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the substrate (10) of the device is a flat roof of a building, on which rest the lower ends of the supporting plant supports (32).

12. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein the lower ends of the structural supports (32) rest at locations on the flat roof on which the flat roof is supported from below by load-bearing walls or other structural pillars.

13. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the structural modules are mutually supported against lateral tilting.

14. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein each support frame (33) is connected in a central region with one of the structural supports (32).

15. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one structural module has a roof surface (40) for shading and / or for the discharge of precipitates, wherein the roof surface (40) is arranged under the support frame.

16. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein the roof surface comprises a membrane (40).

17. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein the membrane (40) has a central opening in which the

Structural support (32) of the structural module is arranged, and wherein the membrane (40) is pulled toward the edge (41) of the central opening in a funnel shape downwards.

18. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the roof surface comprises a trapezoidal sheet, a sheet metal panel, another sheet metal cover or a cover made of wood, concrete or steel.

19. Device for tracking modules (58) for the conversion or bundling of solar energy according to the position of the sun, comprising:

a first axis (60) about which the modules (58) are rotatable;

a plurality of second axes (77) corresponding to the first

Axis (60) substantially perpendicular and with the first

Axis (60) are rotatable, each module (58) being tiltable about one of the second axes (77),

wherein for tilting the modules (58) about the second axes (77) depending on a coupling mechanism with coupling members (73) and

Swing (71) is provided and the coupling members (73) connecting the rocker arms (71) of the coupling mechanism with a plurality of coupling gears common thrust member (72) and the common thrust member (72) in the torsion tube (54) is guided.

20. Device for tracking modules (58) for the conversion or bundling of solar energy according to the position of the sun, comprising: a first axis (60) about which the modules (58) are rotatable;

a plurality of second axes (77) which are substantially perpendicular to the first axis (60) and rotatable with the first axis (60), each module (58) being tiltable about one of the second axes (77);

a torsion tube (54) substantially parallel to the first axis (60) and rotatably mounted about the first axis (60), the torsion tube having offsets at its ends and spaced from the first axis in a portion between the offsets (96) is.

21. Device according to claim 19 or 20, wherein the

Tilting the modules (58) about the second axes (77) each have a coupling mechanism in the form of a push rocker (71, 72, 73) is provided.

22. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein the coupling gear each comprise a rocker (71) and a coupling member (73), wherein either the rockers (71) or the coupling members (73) for a rigid connection with one module (58) are provided.

23. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the coupling gear each comprise a rocker (71) and a coupling member (73), wherein either swing (71) or coupling members (73) each comprise one of the modules (58).

24. The apparatus of claim 22 or 23, wherein the rocker

(71) and coupling member (73) of a linkage are each connected to each other via a hinge which in normal operation of the device on a side facing away from the sun side of a connected to the rocker (71) and the coupling member (73) module (58 ) is arranged.

25. The apparatus of claim 22 or 23, wherein the rocker

(71) and coupling member (73) of a linkage are each connected to each other via a hinge, wherein the joint is arranged on one of the with the rocker (71) to be connected to the module (58) spaced portion of the rocker (71).

26. Device according to one of claims 20 to 25, wherein for the tilting of the modules (58) about the second axes (77) is provided a coupling mechanism in the form of a multi-rocker from one rocker for each module (58) and at least one coupling member, wherein the at least one coupling link articulates the wings with each other.

27. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein

Swing arm (71) and coupling member (73) are each connected to each other via a hinge, wherein the hinge is arranged on one of the with the rocker (71) to be connected module (58) spaced portion of the rocker (71).

28. Device according to one of claims 19 to 27, wherein the tilting of the modules (58) via one or more stepless or stepwise adjustable adjustments is adjustable.

29. Device according to one of claims 19 to 28, wherein the first axis (60) is oriented substantially horizontally in north-south direction.

30. Device according to one of claims 19 to 28, wherein the first axis (60) is arranged substantially vertically.

31. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein the first axis (60) is arranged on an outer wall of a building.

32. Photovoltaic system with a device according to one of claims 19 to 31, wherein the modules (58) are photovoltaic modules.

33. A solar collector system comprising a device according to any one of claims 19 to 31, wherein the modules (58) are solar collector modules.

34. A solar thermal power plant comprising a device according to any one of claims 19 to 31, wherein the modules (58) are mirrors for confining sunlight.