WO2008053061A1 - Clamping method for reinforced concrete structures or similar and clamping element therefor - Google Patents

Clamping method for reinforced concrete structures or similar and clamping element therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008053061A1
WO2008053061A1 PCT/ES2007/000620 ES2007000620W WO2008053061A1 WO 2008053061 A1 WO2008053061 A1 WO 2008053061A1 ES 2007000620 W ES2007000620 W ES 2007000620W WO 2008053061 A1 WO2008053061 A1 WO 2008053061A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flat
strip
clamping element
clamping
reinforced concrete
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2007/000620
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Juan Casas Alvarez
Original Assignee
Juan Casas Alvarez
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from ES200602790A external-priority patent/ES2299378B1/en
Priority claimed from ES200700969U external-priority patent/ES1065596Y/en
Application filed by Juan Casas Alvarez filed Critical Juan Casas Alvarez
Publication of WO2008053061A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008053061A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
    • E04B1/4114—Elements with sockets
    • E04B1/415—Elements with sockets with captive and extendable anchoring parts, e.g. spring-loaded bolts, hanging rings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/12—Mounting of reinforcing inserts; Prestressing
    • E04G21/125—Reinforcement continuity box
    • E04G21/126—Reinforcement continuity box for cable loops
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/142—Means in or on the elements for connecting same to handling apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose

Definitions

  • This incursion has certain limitations in terms of material that can negatively affect the interior structure (that is, in the case of using metallic materials they can oxidize the metal part of the reinforced structure), to the mode of application and place of application, by For example, it cannot be hung on the roof during the work due to the presence of formwork molds.
  • the present invention has been developed in order to provide a fastener that solves the aforementioned drawbacks, providing, in addition, other additional advantages that will be evident from the description that is attached below.
  • a clamping element for reinforced concrete structures capable of withstanding tensile stresses produced by permanent or non-permanent states, of loads of forces produced by gravitational actions of suspended bodies, characterized by the fact that it comprises an intermediate element of tensile stress-resistant material in which at one of its ends it has a section with an ogival or similar that acts as ligating means while the opposite end is provided with a section with an ogival that It acts as fastening means, one of the ends of a flat bilayer strip being provided as a removable dressing having one of its faces covered by adhesive material.
  • the flat bilayer strip includes a film, for example of disposable plastic material located on the face covered by the adhesive material to protect the adhesive surface while it is not being used and which facilitates its installation.
  • a film for example of disposable plastic material located on the face covered by the adhesive material to protect the adhesive surface while it is not being used and which facilitates its installation.
  • the adhesive material is capable of adhering to multiple materials, such as wood, plastic, metal, etc.
  • the flat bilayer strip is made of a plastic material and an impermeable material.
  • the flat bilayer strip as a dressing has a flange that facilitates the operator to remove the flat bilayer strip as a dressing. Thanks to these characteristics, a quick and simple element to be placed by an operator is obtained, having a low manufacturing cost and that does not alter in any case the calculations and dimensioning of the structure to work. Another advantage of this element is that it can be used as an element to support the straps or harnesses of safety of operators in zones of risk of fall for these.
  • the fastening element of the invention can be used in obtaining any shaped piece of amorphous material, which has the ability to harden by an endothermic reaction, such as concrete, mortar, as well as any compound made of cement, calcium , cast.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a clamping element applicable in concrete structures, whose clamping element comprises an intermediate element of flexible tensile resistant material in which at one of its ends it has anchoring means while in the opposite end is provided with an ogival section that acts as fastening means, a flat bilayer strip as a dressing being provided in the latter, and is characterized by the fact that it includes a positioning piece of removable semi-rigid plastic material formed by a flat base portion from which an elongate rod integral with said base potion protrudes from one of its faces, such that the elongated rod of the positioning piece is housed in the intermediate element and the base portion is in contact with said flat bilayer strip, and in which the opposite section of the intermediate element has a protruding portion having a thickness may or that the thickness of the intermediate element.
  • the intermediate part of the clamping element can be maintained in a straightened position of approximately 90 degrees with respect to the formwork plane during the pouring of amorphous or concreting material thus leaving one of the ends embedded inside the stone mass , so that proper positioning of the clamping element is guaranteed.
  • the operator saves the attachment of the fastening element to the reinforcement.
  • Figure 1 It is a schematic view in side elevation and in plan of the various components or parts comprising the clamping element according to the present invention
  • Figure 2. It is a block diagram of a work process of obtaining a reinforced concrete structure in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 4.- Shows a plan view of a second embodiment of the fastener element according to the present invention in which the flat bilayer strip has been omitted;
  • Figure 5. Shows a side elevation view of the fastener shown in Figure 4 in which the flat bilayer strip has been omitted;
  • Figures 6a and 6b are cross-sectional and plan views from above of the plastic part of the element of Figure 4;
  • Figure 7.- Shows an elevation view in an operating condition of the clamping element of Figure 4, the intermediate element being in a vertical position with respect to the formwork plane; Y
  • Figure 8.- Shows a sequential view of the procedure for placing the fastening element of Figure 4 in a concrete structure.
  • Said fastening element is constituted by an intermediate element that hereafter will be referred to as an elongated strip (1) or belt of reduced thickness and of tensile resistant material and which in no case alters the interior of the structure (it is that is, without causing damage to the metal structure of the reinforced concrete such as oxidation), such as polyester, glass or keblar ® fibers in which at one of its ends it has a section with an ogival or similar that acts as ligating means ( 2) while the opposite end is provided with a section with an ogival that acts as fastening means (3), a flat bilayer strip (4) having been provided at the latter end, by way of removable dressing of a resistant plastic material having one of its faces (4a) coated by adhesive material. Said face (4a) is also soluble and the adhesive material used is capable of adhering to any type of surface on which the formwork is carried out, such as, for example, wood, aluminum, plastic without leaving residues in the application area.
  • such a flat bilayer strip (4) by way of dressing is linked to the fastening means (3) to which the harness of an operator or a crane hook can be attached for the displacement of the concrete structure.
  • Said elongated strip (1) has the function of transmitting the tensions to the concrete structure, thus supporting the tensions after setting due to the state of loads, permanently or not.
  • the length of the band (1) is determined by the dimensions of the assembly components and the concrete piece or the like in which the fixing element is installed.
  • the flat bilayer strip (4) through the adhesive face (4a) is capable of withstanding the stresses caused by the friction of the concrete throughout the length of the elongated strip (1). For this reason, the strip elongated (1) must have the smallest surface of contact with the concrete, therefore it will have a reduced cross section.
  • a protective element (not shown) can be provided to avoid possible tears in the area of attachment with the fastening means (3).
  • the operator joins the elongated strip (1) of the fastening element to the structure of a structure through the section with ogival or similar that acts as ligating means in a specific area of application (in this case the area of application corresponds to a cube (10) obtained from a mold in the form of a bucket), and in which the flat bilayer strip (4) is adhered to a flat formwork surface ; then, (6) the elongated strip (1) is arranged in a perpendicular position with respect to the flat bilayer strip as a dressing (4); (7) then the operator removes the film from the adhesive surface of the flat bilayer strip by means of the aid of a flange (not shown); then (8) the flat strip is hooked at the point of application; and finally (9) the bilayer flat strip (4) is extracted, once the concrete material has hardened, to couple a lifting element, in this case by means of the aid of a hook (11) (see Figure 3) in the end corresponding to
  • a second embodiment of the fastening element of the invention acts as a temporary fastening anchor applicable in concrete structures and is essentially formed by an intermediate element ( 11 ) of high tenacity fabric and resistant to traction, weathering, solar radiation and caustic agents in which at one of its ends it has a protruding portion (2 ') of the same material as the intermediate element (1') but with a thickness greater than it is fixed in the concrete structure while at the opposite end it is provided with a section with an ogival (or even a ring) that acts as fastening means (3 '), one of the ends of a flat bilayer strip being provided as of aposito (4 1 ).
  • a positioning piece (5 ') of removable semi-rigid plastic material formed by a flat base portion (5A 1 ) is included from which an elongated rod (5B') integral with said potion protrudes from one of its faces base (5A '), such that the elongated rod (5B') of the positioning piece (5 ') is housed in the intermediate element (1') and the base portion (5A 1 ) is in contact with said flat bilayer strip (4 ') that ensures a certain perpendicularity and straightness of the intermediate element (1') during the operation of concreting in a simple way and with a low production cost.
  • the section disposed between the intermediate element (1 1 ) and the protruding portion (2 ') has a sewing (6') that ensures a stable and lasting union.
  • the section with ogival that acts as fastening means (3 ') has a sewing (7') that has a perpendicular path with respect to the longitudinal axis of the intermediate element (1 '), such that the various layers that make up this section of ogival are fixedly joined together.
  • the details, shapes, dimensions and other accessory elements, as well as the materials used in the manufacture of the fastener for structures of the invention may be conveniently substituted by others that are technically equivalent and do not depart from the essentiality of the invention or the scope defined by the claims that are included below.

Abstract

The invention relates to a clamping element for reinforced concrete structures and to a clamping method for reinforced concrete structures, said element consisting of an intermediate flexible, tensile-stress-resistant element (1), one end of which is provided with an ogive or similarly shaped segment acting as linking means (2) to be secured in the reinforced concrete structure, while the other end thereof is provided with an ogive segment serving as clamping means (3). In addition, one of said ends is provided with a detachable flat bilayer strip (4) which is linked to the aforementioned clamping means and one of the faces of which is coated with an adhesive material.

Description

Método de sujeción para estructuras de hormigón armado o similar y elemento de sujeción aplicable a dicho método Clamping method for reinforced concrete structures or similar and clamping element applicable to said method
MEMORIA DESCRIPTIVA OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN La presente solicitud de Patente de Invención tiene por objeto el registro de un método de sujeción para estructuras de hormigón armado y un elemento de sujeción empleado en dicho método que incorpora notables innovaciones y ventajas frente a los métodos y procedimientos utilizados a día de hoy.DESCRIPTIVE REPORT OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The purpose of the present invention patent application is to register a fastening method for reinforced concrete structures and a fastener used in said method that incorporates notable innovations and advantages over the methods and procedures used Today.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN En el campo de Ia construcción es bien conocido el uso de diferentes métodos de hormigonado y fraguado para Ia obtención de estructuras de hormigón armado.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In the field of construction, it is well known to use different methods of concreting and setting to obtain reinforced concrete structures.
No obstante, se ha comprobado en estos procedimientos una vez ha fraguado Ia pieza o estructura, Ia alta cohesión de las partículas que Ia confieren entre sí, y entre estas y otras partículas de elementos insertados en Ia pieza o estructura. Esta particularidad de estas piezas o estructuras puede ser aprovechada con finalidades diversas, como por ejemplo de elemento de sujeción.However, it has been proven in these procedures once the part or structure has been set, the high cohesion of the particles that confer with each other, and between these and other particles of elements inserted in the piece or structure. This particularity of these pieces or structures can be exploited for different purposes, such as a fastener.
Esta incursión tiene ciertas limitaciones en cuanto a material que puede afectar negativamente a Ia estructura interior (es decir, en caso de utilizar materiales metálicos pueden llegar a oxidar Ia parte metálica de Ia estructura armada), al modo de aplicación y lugar de aplicación, por ejemplo, no puede colgarse en el tejado durante los trabajos de realización debido a Ia presencia de moldes de encofrado.This incursion has certain limitations in terms of material that can negatively affect the interior structure (that is, in the case of using metallic materials they can oxidize the metal part of the reinforced structure), to the mode of application and place of application, by For example, it cannot be hung on the roof during the work due to the presence of formwork molds.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se ha desarrollado con el fin de proporcionar un elemento de sujeción que resuelva los inconvenientes anteriormente mencionados, aportando, además, otras ventajas adicionales que serán evidentes a partir de Ia descripción que se acompaña a continuación.The present invention has been developed in order to provide a fastener that solves the aforementioned drawbacks, providing, in addition, other additional advantages that will be evident from the description that is attached below.
Por Io tanto, es un objeto de Ia invención proporcionar un elemento de sujeción para estructuras de hormigón armado capaz de soportar tensiones de tracción producidas por estados permanentes o no, de cargas de fuerzas producidas por acciones gravitatorias de cuerpos en suspensión, que se caracteriza por el hecho de que comprende un elemento intermedio de material resistente a tensión por tracción en el que en uno de sus extremos dispone de un tramo con ojival o similar que actúa de medios de ligado mientras que el extremo opuesto está provisto de un tramo con ojival que actúa de medios de sujeción, habiéndose provisto uno de los extremos de una tira plana bicapa a modo de aposito extraíble que tiene una de sus caras revestida por material adhesivo.Therefore, it is an object of the invention to provide a clamping element for reinforced concrete structures capable of withstanding tensile stresses produced by permanent or non-permanent states, of loads of forces produced by gravitational actions of suspended bodies, characterized by the fact that it comprises an intermediate element of tensile stress-resistant material in which at one of its ends it has a section with an ogival or similar that acts as ligating means while the opposite end is provided with a section with an ogival that It acts as fastening means, one of the ends of a flat bilayer strip being provided as a removable dressing having one of its faces covered by adhesive material.
Preferentemente, Ia tira plana bicapa incluye un film, por ejemplo de material plástico, desechable situado en Ia cara revestida por el material adhesivo para proteger Ia superficie adhesiva mientras no está siendo utilizado y que facilita su puesta en obra.Preferably, the flat bilayer strip includes a film, for example of disposable plastic material located on the face covered by the adhesive material to protect the adhesive surface while it is not being used and which facilitates its installation.
Mencionar que el material adhesivo está capacitado para adherirse a múltiples materiales, tales como madera, material plástico, metal, etc.Mention that the adhesive material is capable of adhering to multiple materials, such as wood, plastic, metal, etc.
Ventajosamente, Ia tira plana bicapa está hecha de un material plástico y de un material impermeable. También de forma ventajosa, Ia tira plana bicapa a modo de aposito tiene una pestaña que facilita al operario Ia extracción de Ia tira plana bicapa a modo de aposito. Gracias a estas características, se obtiene un elemento rápido y sencilla de colocar por parte de un operario, teniendo un bajo coste de fabricación y que no altera en ningún caso los cálculos y dimensionado de Ia estructura a trabajar. Otra ventaja que presenta dicho elemento, es que puede ser utilizado como elemento para soportar las correas o arneses de seguridad de operarios en zonas de riesgo de caída para éstos.Advantageously, the flat bilayer strip is made of a plastic material and an impermeable material. Also advantageously, the flat bilayer strip as a dressing has a flange that facilitates the operator to remove the flat bilayer strip as a dressing. Thanks to these characteristics, a quick and simple element to be placed by an operator is obtained, having a low manufacturing cost and that does not alter in any case the calculations and dimensioning of the structure to work. Another advantage of this element is that it can be used as an element to support the straps or harnesses of safety of operators in zones of risk of fall for these.
Obviamente, el elemento de sujeción de Ia invención puede ser empleado en Ia obtención de cualquier pieza conformada de material amorfo, que tenga Ia capacidad de endurecerse mediante una reacción endotérmica, como por ejemplo, hormigón, mortero, así como cualquier compuesto por cemento, calcio, yeso.Obviously, the fastening element of the invention can be used in obtaining any shaped piece of amorphous material, which has the ability to harden by an endothermic reaction, such as concrete, mortar, as well as any compound made of cement, calcium , cast.
La aplicación del elemento de sujeción anteriormente descrito presenta múltiples aplicaciones como las que se mencionan a continuación:The application of the fastener described above has multiple applications such as those mentioned below:
En el campo de Ia construcción civil, residencial, industrial, etc., en aquellos elementos conformados con hormigón a modo de elemento de anclaje o sujeción;In the field of civil, residential, industrial, etc. construction, in those elements formed with concrete as an anchoring or clamping element;
Como medio de transporte, elevación o colocación de piezas conformados en hormigón armado similar que por motivos de peso o tamaño resulte más fácil su transporte por suspensión mediante los elementos de sujeción.As a means of transport, lifting or placement of pieces formed in similar reinforced concrete that for reasons of weight or size it is easier to transport by suspension through the fasteners.
Por otro lado, es otro objeto de Ia invención proporcionar un método de sujeción para estructuras de hormigón armado que utiliza el elemento de sujeción de acuerdo con las reivindicaciones anteriores, resultando ventajoso respecto a otros métodos constructivos pertenecientes al mismo campo de Ia técnica, que comprende las siguientes etapas: a) Unir el elemento intermedio del elemento de sujeción a Ia armadura de una estructura, antes de Ia operación de hormigonado, a través del tramo con ojival o similar que actúa de medios de ligado en una zona específica de aplicación, y en el que Ia tira plana bicapa queda adherida a una superficie plana; b) Disponer el elemento intermedio en una posición Io más perpendicular posible con respecto a Ia tira plana a modo de aposito; c) Retirar el film de Ia superficie adhesiva de Ia tira plana bicapa; d) Enganchar Ia tira plana en el punto de aplicación; y e) Extraer Ia tira plana bicapa una vez endurecido el material de hormigón.On the other hand, it is another object of the invention to provide a clamping method for reinforced concrete structures that uses the clamping element according to the preceding claims, being advantageous with respect to other construction methods belonging to the same field of the technique, which comprises the following steps: a) Join the intermediate element of the fastening element to the reinforcement of a structure, before the concrete operation, through the section with ogival or similar that acts as ligating means in a specific area of application, and in which the flat bilayer strip is adhered to a flat surface; b) Arrange the intermediate element in a position as perpendicular as possible with respect to the flat strip as a dressing; c) Remove the film from the adhesive surface of the flat bilayer strip; d) Engage the flat strip at the point of application; and e) Remove the flat bilayer strip once the concrete material has hardened.
Otro objeto de Ia invención consiste en proporcionar un elemento de sujeción aplicable en estructuras de hormigón, cuyo elemento de sujeción comprende un elemento intermedio de material flexible resistente a Ia tracción en el que en uno de sus extremos dispone de medios de anclaje mientras que en el extremo opuesto está provisto de un tramo con ojival que actúa de medios de sujeción, estando provisto en este último una tira plana bicapa a modo de aposito, y se caracteriza por el hecho de que incluye una pieza de posicionamiento de material plástico semi-rígido extraíble formada por una porción base plana del que sobresale a partir de una de sus caras una varilla alargada solidaria con dicha poción base, tal que Ia varilla alargada de Ia pieza de posicionamiento queda alojada en el elemento intermedio y Ia porción base está en contacto con dicha tira plana bicapa, y en el que el tramo opuesto del elemento intermedio presenta una porción saliente que tiene un espesor mayor que el espesor del elemento intermedio.Another object of the invention is to provide a clamping element applicable in concrete structures, whose clamping element comprises an intermediate element of flexible tensile resistant material in which at one of its ends it has anchoring means while in the opposite end is provided with an ogival section that acts as fastening means, a flat bilayer strip as a dressing being provided in the latter, and is characterized by the fact that it includes a positioning piece of removable semi-rigid plastic material formed by a flat base portion from which an elongate rod integral with said base potion protrudes from one of its faces, such that the elongated rod of the positioning piece is housed in the intermediate element and the base portion is in contact with said flat bilayer strip, and in which the opposite section of the intermediate element has a protruding portion having a thickness may or that the thickness of the intermediate element.
Gracias a estas características, Ia parte intermedia del elemento de sujeción puede mantenerse en una posición enderezada de aproximadamente 90 grados con respecto al plano de encofrado durante el vertido de material amorfo o hormigonado dejando así uno de los extremos embebido en el interior de Ia masa pétrea, por Io que se garantiza un posicionamiento adecuado del elemento de sujeción. Además y de forma ventajosa el operario se ahorra unir el elemento de sujeción a Ia armadura. Otras características y ventajas del elemento de sujeción para estructuras objeto de Ia presente invención resultarán evidentes a partir de Ia descripción de una realización preferida, pero no exclusiva, que se ilustra a modo de ejemplo no limitativo en los dibujos que se acompañan, en los cuales:Thanks to these characteristics, the intermediate part of the clamping element can be maintained in a straightened position of approximately 90 degrees with respect to the formwork plane during the pouring of amorphous or concreting material thus leaving one of the ends embedded inside the stone mass , so that proper positioning of the clamping element is guaranteed. In addition and advantageously, the operator saves the attachment of the fastening element to the reinforcement. Other features and advantages of the fastener for structures object of the present invention will be apparent from the description of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment, which is illustrated by way of non-limiting example in the accompanying drawings, in which:
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DISEÑOSBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DESIGNS
Figura 1.- Es una vista esquemática en alzado lateral y en planta de los diversos componentes o partes que comprenden el elemento de sujeción de acuerdo con Ia presente invención;Figure 1.- It is a schematic view in side elevation and in plan of the various components or parts comprising the clamping element according to the present invention;
Figura 2.- Es un diagrama de bloques de un proceso de trabajo de obtención de una estructura de hormigón armado de acuerdo con Ia presente invención;Figure 2.- It is a block diagram of a work process of obtaining a reinforced concrete structure in accordance with the present invention;
Figura 3.- Es una parte de Ia secuencia de Ia aplicación del elemento de sujeción representado en Ia figura 1 después del fraguado de Ia pieza de hormigón;Figure 3.- It is a part of the sequence of the application of the fastening element represented in Figure 1 after the setting of the concrete piece;
Figura 4.- Muestra una vista en planta de una segunda realización del elemento de sujeción de acuerdo con Ia presente invención en el que se ha omitido Ia tira plana bicapa;Figure 4.- Shows a plan view of a second embodiment of the fastener element according to the present invention in which the flat bilayer strip has been omitted;
Figura 5.- Muestra una vista en alzado lateral del elemento de sujeción mostrado en Ia figura 4 en el que se ha omitido Ia tira plana bicapa;Figure 5.- Shows a side elevation view of the fastener shown in Figure 4 in which the flat bilayer strip has been omitted;
Figuras 6a y 6b son vistas en sección transversal y en planta desde arriba de Ia pieza de material plástico del elemento de Ia figura 4;Figures 6a and 6b are cross-sectional and plan views from above of the plastic part of the element of Figure 4;
Figura 7.- Muestra una vista en alzado en una condición de funcionamiento del elemento de sujeción de Ia figura 4, estando el elemento intermedio en una posición vertical con respecto al plano de encofrado; yFigure 7.- Shows an elevation view in an operating condition of the clamping element of Figure 4, the intermediate element being in a vertical position with respect to the formwork plane; Y
Figura 8.- Muestra una vista secuencial del procedimiento de colocación del elemento de sujeción de Ia figura 4 en una estructura de hormigón.Figure 8.- Shows a sequential view of the procedure for placing the fastening element of Figure 4 in a concrete structure.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE UNA REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE Tal como se muestra en Ia figura 1 , una realización del elemento de sujeción de Ia presente invención destinada para el traslado de estructuras de material amorfo, hormigón armado o similar o también como medio de sujeción para Ia sustentación de un operario durante Ia ejecución de trabajos o constitución de elementos de sujeción o enganche para Ia creación de protecciones colectivas en una construcción se describe a continuación.DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT As shown in Figure 1, an embodiment of the fastening element of the present invention intended for the transfer of structures of amorphous material, reinforced concrete or similar or also as a means of support for the lifting of An operator during the execution of work or constitution of fasteners or hooks for the creation of collective protections in a construction is described below.
Dicho elemento de sujeción está constituido por un elemento intermedio que de aquí en adelante se referirá como a una tira alargada (1 ) o correa de espesor reducido y de material resistente a Ia tracción y que en ningún caso altera el interior de Ia estructura (es decir, sin provocar daños a Ia estructura metálica del hormigón armado tales como oxidación), tal como fibras de poliéster, vidrio o keblar® en el que en uno de sus extremos dispone de un tramo con ojival o similar que actúa de medios de ligado (2) mientras que el extremo opuesto está provisto de un tramo con ojival que actúa de medios de sujeción (3), habiéndose provisto en este último extremo una tira plana bicapa (4), a modo de aposito extraíble de un material plástico resistente que tiene una de sus caras (4a) revestida por material adhesivo. Dicha cara (4a) es además soluble y el material adhesivo utilizado es capaz de adherirse a cualquier tipo de superficie sobre Ia cual se lleva a cabo el encofrado, como por ejemplo, madera, aluminio, plástico sin dejar residuos en Ia zona de aplicación.Said fastening element is constituted by an intermediate element that hereafter will be referred to as an elongated strip (1) or belt of reduced thickness and of tensile resistant material and which in no case alters the interior of the structure (it is that is, without causing damage to the metal structure of the reinforced concrete such as oxidation), such as polyester, glass or keblar ® fibers in which at one of its ends it has a section with an ogival or similar that acts as ligating means ( 2) while the opposite end is provided with a section with an ogival that acts as fastening means (3), a flat bilayer strip (4) having been provided at the latter end, by way of removable dressing of a resistant plastic material having one of its faces (4a) coated by adhesive material. Said face (4a) is also soluble and the adhesive material used is capable of adhering to any type of surface on which the formwork is carried out, such as, for example, wood, aluminum, plastic without leaving residues in the application area.
Más en particular, tal tira plana bicapa (4) a modo de aposito está vinculada a los medios de sujeción (3) a los cuales puede acoplarse el arnés de un operario o un gancho de una grúa para el desplazamiento de Ia estructura de hormigón. Dicha tira alargada (1) tiene Ia función de transmitir las tensiones a Ia estructura de hormigón, soportando así las tensiones posteriores al fraguado debido al estado de cargas, de forma o no permanente. La longitud de Ia banda (1 ) viene determinado por las dimensiones de los componentes de armado y de Ia pieza de hormigón o similar en Ia cual se instala el elemento de fijación. La tira plana bicapa (4) a través de Ia cara adhesiva (4a) está capacitada para soportar las tensiones provocadas por Ia fricción del hormigonado en toda Ia longitud de Ia tira alargada (1). Por este motivo, Ia tira alargada (1) ha de tener Ia menor superficie de contacto con el hormigón por Io que tendrá una sección transversal reducida.More particularly, such a flat bilayer strip (4) by way of dressing is linked to the fastening means (3) to which the harness of an operator or a crane hook can be attached for the displacement of the concrete structure. Said elongated strip (1) has the function of transmitting the tensions to the concrete structure, thus supporting the tensions after setting due to the state of loads, permanently or not. The length of the band (1) is determined by the dimensions of the assembly components and the concrete piece or the like in which the fixing element is installed. The flat bilayer strip (4) through the adhesive face (4a) is capable of withstanding the stresses caused by the friction of the concrete throughout the length of the elongated strip (1). For this reason, the strip elongated (1) must have the smallest surface of contact with the concrete, therefore it will have a reduced cross section.
En Ia zona de unión de Ia tira alargada (1) y los medios de sujeción (3) puede estar provisto un elemento protector (no representado) para evitar posibles desgarres en Ia propia zona de unión con los medios de sujeción (3).In the area of attachment of the elongated strip (1) and the fastening means (3) a protective element (not shown) can be provided to avoid possible tears in the area of attachment with the fastening means (3).
A continuación se describe un método de sujeción para estructuras de hormigón armado que emplea un elemento de sujeción del tipo descrito con anterioridad, con referencia a las figuras 2 y 3, comprendiendo dicho método las siguientes etapas:A clamping method for reinforced concrete structures using a clamping element of the type described above is described below, with reference to Figures 2 and 3, said method comprising the following steps:
En primer lugar, (5) antes de llevarse a cabo el hormigonado, el operario une Ia tira alargada (1) del elemento de sujeción a Ia armadura de una estructura a través del tramo con ojival o similar que actúa de medios de ligado en una zona específica de aplicación (en este caso Ia zona de aplicación corresponde a un cubo (10) obtenido a partir de un molde en forma de cubeta), y en el que Ia tira plana bicapa (4) queda adherida a una superficie plana de encofrado; a continuación, (6) se dispone Ia tira alargada (1) en una posición perpendicular con respecto a Ia tira plana bicapa a modo de aposito (4); (7) después el operario retira el film de Ia superficie adhesiva de Ia tira plana bicapa mediante Ia ayuda de una pestaña (no mostrada); seguidamente (8) se engancha Ia tira plana en el punto de aplicación; y finalmente (9) se extrae Ia tira plana bicapa (4) ,una vez endurecido el material de hormigón, para acoplar un elemento de levantamiento, en este caso mediante Ia ayuda de un gancho (11 ) (véase Ia Figura 3) en el extremo correspondiente a los medios de fijación.In the first place, (5) before the concreting is carried out, the operator joins the elongated strip (1) of the fastening element to the structure of a structure through the section with ogival or similar that acts as ligating means in a specific area of application (in this case the area of application corresponds to a cube (10) obtained from a mold in the form of a bucket), and in which the flat bilayer strip (4) is adhered to a flat formwork surface ; then, (6) the elongated strip (1) is arranged in a perpendicular position with respect to the flat bilayer strip as a dressing (4); (7) then the operator removes the film from the adhesive surface of the flat bilayer strip by means of the aid of a flange (not shown); then (8) the flat strip is hooked at the point of application; and finally (9) the bilayer flat strip (4) is extracted, once the concrete material has hardened, to couple a lifting element, in this case by means of the aid of a hook (11) (see Figure 3) in the end corresponding to the fixing means.
Por último, cuando el elemento de sujeción ya no es requerido para ninguna tarea posterior simplemente cortando el tramo que sobresale de Ia pieza sólida con un cuchillo o elemento de corte manual es suficiente a diferencia de otros elementos conocidos que requieren del uso de herramientas mecánicas. Tal como se muestra en las figuras 4 a 8, una segunda realización del elemento de sujeción de Ia invención actúa como un anclaje de sujeción temporal aplicable en estructuras de hormigón y está esencialmente formado por un elemento intermedio (11) de tejido de alta tenacidad y resistente a Ia tracción, a Ia intemperie, Ia radiación solar y agentes cáusticos en el que en uno de sus extremos dispone de una porción saliente (2') de igual material que el elemento intermedio (1') pero con un espesor superior que se fija en Ia estructura de hormigón mientras que en el extremo opuesto está provisto de un tramo con ojival (o incluso una anilla) que actúa de medios de sujeción (3'), estando provisto uno de los extremos de una tira plana bicapa a modo de aposito (41). Además, está incluida una pieza de posicionamiento (5') de material plástico semi-rígido extraíble formada por una porción base (5A1) plana del que sobresale a partir de una de sus caras una varilla alargada (5B') solidaria con dicha poción base (5A'), tal que Ia varilla alargada (5B') de Ia pieza de posicionamiento (5') queda alojada en el elemento intermedio (1') y Ia porción base (5A1) está en contacto con dicha tira plana bicapa (4') que asegura una cierta perpendicularidad y rectitud del elemento intermedio (1') durante Ia operación de hormigonado de una forma sencilla y con un bajo coste de producción.Finally, when the clamping element is no longer required for any subsequent task simply by cutting the section that protrudes from the solid part with a knife or manual cutting element, it is sufficient unlike other known elements that require the use of mechanical tools. As shown in Figures 4 to 8, a second embodiment of the fastening element of the invention acts as a temporary fastening anchor applicable in concrete structures and is essentially formed by an intermediate element ( 11 ) of high tenacity fabric and resistant to traction, weathering, solar radiation and caustic agents in which at one of its ends it has a protruding portion (2 ') of the same material as the intermediate element (1') but with a thickness greater than it is fixed in the concrete structure while at the opposite end it is provided with a section with an ogival (or even a ring) that acts as fastening means (3 '), one of the ends of a flat bilayer strip being provided as of aposito (4 1 ). In addition, a positioning piece (5 ') of removable semi-rigid plastic material formed by a flat base portion (5A 1 ) is included from which an elongated rod (5B') integral with said potion protrudes from one of its faces base (5A '), such that the elongated rod (5B') of the positioning piece (5 ') is housed in the intermediate element (1') and the base portion (5A 1 ) is in contact with said flat bilayer strip (4 ') that ensures a certain perpendicularity and straightness of the intermediate element (1') during the operation of concreting in a simple way and with a low production cost.
Como puede verse con mayor claridad en las figuras 4 y 5, el tramo dispuesto entre el elemento intermedio (11) y Ia porción saliente (2') dispone de un cosido (6') que asegura una unión estable y duradera.As can be seen more clearly in Figures 4 and 5, the section disposed between the intermediate element (1 1 ) and the protruding portion (2 ') has a sewing (6') that ensures a stable and lasting union.
Por otro lado, el tramo con ojival que actúa de medios de sujeción (3') dispone de un cosido (7') que tiene un recorrido en sentido perpendicular con respecto al eje longitudinal del elemento intermedio (1'), tal que las diversas capas que conforman dicho tramo de ojival quedan unidas entre sí de forma fija. Los detalles, las formas, las dimensiones y demás elementos accesorios, así como los materiales empleados en Ia fabricación del elemento de sujeción para estructuras de Ia invención podrán ser convenientemente sustituidos por otros que sean técnicamente equivalentes y no se aparten de Ia esencialidad de Ia invención ni del ámbito definido por las reivindicaciones que se incluyen a continuación. On the other hand, the section with ogival that acts as fastening means (3 ') has a sewing (7') that has a perpendicular path with respect to the longitudinal axis of the intermediate element (1 '), such that the various layers that make up this section of ogival are fixedly joined together. The details, shapes, dimensions and other accessory elements, as well as the materials used in the manufacture of the fastener for structures of the invention may be conveniently substituted by others that are technically equivalent and do not depart from the essentiality of the invention or the scope defined by the claims that are included below.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. Elemento de sujeción para estructuras de hormigón armado o similar, caracterizado por el hecho de que comprende: un elemento intermedio (1, 1') de material flexible resistente a Ia tracción en el que en uno de sus extremos dispone de un tramo con ojival o similar que actúa de medios de ligado (2, 2') para ser fijados en Ia estructura de hormigón armado mientras que el extremo opuesto está provisto de un tramo con ojival que actúa de medios de sujeción (3, 3'), estando provisto uno de los extremos de una tira plana bicapa (4, 4') a modo de aposito extraíble que tiene una de sus caras revestida por material adhesivo; y en el que Ia tira plana bicapa (4, 4') a modo de aposito está vinculada a los medios de sujeción.1. Clamping element for reinforced concrete structures or similar, characterized by the fact that it comprises: an intermediate element (1, 1 ') of flexible tensile material in which at one of its ends it has a section with ogival or similar acting as ligating means (2, 2 ') to be fixed in the reinforced concrete structure while the opposite end is provided with a section with ogival acting as fastening means (3, 3'), being provided with one of the ends of a flat bilayer strip (4, 4 ') as a removable dressing having one of its faces covered by adhesive material; and in which the flat bilayer strip (4, 4 ') as a dressing is linked to the fastening means.
2. Elemento de sujeción según Ia reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por el hecho de que incluye un film desechable situado en Ia cara revestida por el material adhesivo.2. Clamping element according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes a disposable film located on the face covered by the adhesive material.
3. Elemento de sujeción según Ia reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por el hecho de que Ia tira plana bicapa (4, 4') está hecha de un material plástico.3. Clamping element according to claim 1, characterized in that the flat bilayer strip (4, 4 ') is made of a plastic material.
4. Elemento de sujeción según Ia reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por el hecho de que Ia tira plana bicapa (4, 4') está hecha de un material impermeable.4. Clamping element according to claim 1, characterized in that the flat bilayer strip (4, 4 ') is made of a waterproof material.
5. Elemento de sujeción según Ia reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por el hecho de que Ia tira plana bicapa (4, 4') a modo de aposito tiene una pestaña. 5. Clamping element according to claim 1, characterized in that the flat bilayer strip (4, 4 ') as a dressing has a flange.
6. Elemento de sujeción según Ia reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por el hecho de que incluye una pieza de posicionamiento (5') de material plástico semi-rígido extraíble formada por una porción base plana del que sobresale a partir de una de sus caras una varilla alargada solidaria con dicha porción base, tal que Ia varilla alargada de Ia pieza de posicionamiento queda alojada en el elemento intermedio (1 , 1 ') y Ia porción base está en contacto con dicha tira plana bicapa, y en el que el tramo opuesto del elemento intermedio presenta una porción saliente que tiene un espesor mayor que el espesor del elemento intermedio.6. Clamping element according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes a positioning piece (5 ') of removable semi-rigid plastic material formed by a flat base portion from which a rod protrudes from one of its faces elongate integral with said base portion, such that the elongated rod of the positioning piece is housed in the intermediate element (1, 1 ') and the base portion is in contact with said bilayer flat strip, and in which the opposite section of the element intermediate has a protruding portion having a thickness greater than the thickness of the intermediate element.
7. Elemento de sujeción según Ia reivindicación 1 y 6, caracterizado por el hecho de que Ia citada porción saliente dispone de un cosido que tiene un recorrido en sentido perpendicular con respecto al eje longitudinal del elemento intermedio, tal que las diversas capas que conforman dicho tramo de ojival quedan unidas entre sí.7. Clamping element according to claim 1 and 6, characterized in that the said projecting portion has a sewing that has a perpendicular path with respect to the longitudinal axis of the intermediate element, such that the various layers that make up said section of ogival are joined together.
8. Método de sujeción para estructuras de hormigón armado que utiliza el elemento de sujeción de acuerdo con las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado por el hecho de que comprende las siguientes etapas: a) Unir el elemento intermedio del elemento de sujeción a Ia armadura de una estructura, antes de Ia operación de hormigonado, a través del tramo con ojival o similar que actúa de medios de ligado en una zona específica de aplicación, y en el que Ia tira plana bicapa queda adherida a una superficie plana de encofrado; b) Disponer el elemento intermedio en una posición sensiblemente perpendicular con respecto a Ia tira plana bicapa a modo de aposito; c) Retirar el film de Ia superficie adhesiva de Ia tira plana bicapa; d) Enganchar Ia tira plana bicapa en el punto de aplicación; y e) Extraer Ia tira plana bicapa una vez endurecido el material de hormigón. 8. Clamping method for reinforced concrete structures using the clamping element according to the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a) Joining the intermediate element of the clamping element to the reinforcement of a structure , before the operation of concreting, through the section with ogival or similar that acts as ligating means in a specific area of application, and in which the flat bilayer strip is adhered to a flat formwork surface; b) Arrange the intermediate element in a substantially perpendicular position with respect to the flat bilayer strip as a dressing; c) Remove the film from the adhesive surface of the flat bilayer strip; d) Engage the flat bilayer strip at the point of application; and e) Remove the flat bilayer strip once the concrete material has hardened.
PCT/ES2007/000620 2006-11-03 2007-10-31 Clamping method for reinforced concrete structures or similar and clamping element therefor WO2008053061A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200602790A ES2299378B1 (en) 2006-11-03 2006-11-03 CLAMPING METHOD FOR ASSEMBLED OR SIMILAR CONCRETE STRUCTURES AND CLAMPING ELEMENT APPLICABLE TO SUCH METHOD.
ESP200602790 2006-11-03
ES200700969U ES1065596Y (en) 2007-05-10 2007-05-10 APPLICABLE FASTENING ELEMENT IN CONCRETE OR SIMILAR STRUCTURES.
ESU200700969 2007-05-10

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WO2008053061A1 true WO2008053061A1 (en) 2008-05-08

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0534475A1 (en) * 1991-09-25 1993-03-31 GEBR. PHILIPP GmbH Cable loop insert
DE29817472U1 (en) * 1998-09-30 1999-04-01 Deha Ankersysteme Closure body for a formwork opening
DE29723990U1 (en) * 1996-07-20 1999-09-02 Pfeifer Seil Hebetech Device for joining precast concrete parts
US20050257445A1 (en) * 2004-05-10 2005-11-24 Pfeifer Holding Gmbh & Co. Kg Device for lifting concrete parts

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0534475A1 (en) * 1991-09-25 1993-03-31 GEBR. PHILIPP GmbH Cable loop insert
DE29723990U1 (en) * 1996-07-20 1999-09-02 Pfeifer Seil Hebetech Device for joining precast concrete parts
DE29817472U1 (en) * 1998-09-30 1999-04-01 Deha Ankersysteme Closure body for a formwork opening
US20050257445A1 (en) * 2004-05-10 2005-11-24 Pfeifer Holding Gmbh & Co. Kg Device for lifting concrete parts

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