WO2008041186A2 - Plastic preform where closed end is provided with a hollow appendix - Google Patents

Plastic preform where closed end is provided with a hollow appendix Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008041186A2
WO2008041186A2 PCT/IB2007/054015 IB2007054015W WO2008041186A2 WO 2008041186 A2 WO2008041186 A2 WO 2008041186A2 IB 2007054015 W IB2007054015 W IB 2007054015W WO 2008041186 A2 WO2008041186 A2 WO 2008041186A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
preform
appendix
closed end
bottle
central
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2007/054015
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2008041186A3 (en
WO2008041186A8 (en
Inventor
Gianfilippo Pagliacci
Original Assignee
Concordia Development S.R.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to MX2009003527A priority Critical patent/MX346930B/en
Priority to JP2009530993A priority patent/JP2010505653A/en
Application filed by Concordia Development S.R.L. filed Critical Concordia Development S.R.L.
Priority to BRPI0717797-6A2A priority patent/BRPI0717797A2/en
Priority to CA002665331A priority patent/CA2665331A1/en
Priority to KR1020097006842A priority patent/KR101537824B1/en
Priority to CN200780036825.7A priority patent/CN101522385B/en
Priority to EP07826633A priority patent/EP2077934A2/en
Priority to US12/444,515 priority patent/US9492950B2/en
Priority to RU2009117211/05A priority patent/RU2469845C2/en
Priority to AU2007303824A priority patent/AU2007303824B2/en
Publication of WO2008041186A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008041186A2/en
Publication of WO2008041186A8 publication Critical patent/WO2008041186A8/en
Priority to IL197729A priority patent/IL197729A/en
Priority to TNP2009000121A priority patent/TN2009000121A1/en
Publication of WO2008041186A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008041186A3/en
Priority to HK10102189.5A priority patent/HK1137385A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B11/00—Making preforms
    • B29B11/14—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/071—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration, e.g. geometry, dimensions or physical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/08—Biaxial stretching during blow-moulding
    • B29C49/10—Biaxial stretching during blow-moulding using mechanical means for prestretching
    • B29C49/12—Stretching rods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/22—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor using multilayered preforms or parisons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B11/00—Making preforms
    • B29B11/06—Making preforms by moulding the material
    • B29B11/08—Injection moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/78—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C49/786—Temperature
    • B29C2049/7867—Temperature of the heating or cooling means
    • B29C2049/78675—Temperature of the heating or cooling means of the heating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/07—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
    • B29C2949/0715—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration the preform having one end closed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/07—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
    • B29C2949/073—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration having variable diameter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/07—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
    • B29C2949/076—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration characterised by the shape
    • B29C2949/0768—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration characterised by the shape characterised by the shape of specific parts of preform
    • B29C2949/077—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration characterised by the shape characterised by the shape of specific parts of preform characterised by the neck
    • B29C2949/0772—Closure retaining means
    • B29C2949/0773—Threads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/07—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
    • B29C2949/076—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration characterised by the shape
    • B29C2949/0768—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration characterised by the shape characterised by the shape of specific parts of preform
    • B29C2949/077—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration characterised by the shape characterised by the shape of specific parts of preform characterised by the neck
    • B29C2949/0777—Tamper-evident band retaining ring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/07—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
    • B29C2949/076—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration characterised by the shape
    • B29C2949/0768—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration characterised by the shape characterised by the shape of specific parts of preform
    • B29C2949/078—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration characterised by the shape characterised by the shape of specific parts of preform characterised by the bottom
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/20—Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer
    • B29C2949/22—Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer at neck portion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/20—Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer
    • B29C2949/24—Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer at flange portion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/20—Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer
    • B29C2949/26—Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer at body portion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/20—Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer
    • B29C2949/28—Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer at bottom portion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/30—Preforms or parisons made of several components
    • B29C2949/3024—Preforms or parisons made of several components characterised by the number of components or by the manufacturing technique
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/30—Preforms or parisons made of several components
    • B29C2949/3032—Preforms or parisons made of several components having components being injected
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/02—Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
    • B29C49/06—Injection blow-moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/08—Biaxial stretching during blow-moulding
    • B29C49/16—Biaxial stretching during blow-moulding using pressure difference for pre-stretching, e.g. pre-blowing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/78—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/78—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C49/783—Measuring, controlling or regulating blowing pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/25—Solid
    • B29K2105/253—Preform
    • B29K2105/258—Tubular

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to an improved preform for manufacturing hollow bodies and, in particular, bottles of any kind and size, through a blow-moulding process.
  • the hollow preforms are introduced into a mould, heated up to a temperature sufficient to accomplish the necessary softening thereof, stretched to the final length of the bottle by means of a stretching rod introduced in the preform, and hence blow- moulded by introducing one or more flows of compressed air in the heated and stretched preform.
  • the above-described process has found a particularly suited application in the use of clear plastic materials, such as for example PET (polyethylenterephtalate) , which, during the blowing process, undergo such an orientation of the crystalline structure to impart the bottle particularly satisfactory mechanical characteristics, even with very small final thickness values of the material.
  • PET polyethylenterephtalate
  • the shape of the preform which, as said, consists of a hollow cylindrical body, having a constant or variable thickness, whose open end has already the final shape of the neck area of the bottle - and hence also provided with the necessary threadings for coupling the screw cap - and whose closed end in most cases is semispherical .
  • preforms with a non-spherical head and, in particular, with a head having a conical, elliptical or parabolic shape have then been suggested and partly used.
  • preforms of this type have actually allowed some advantages during the moulding of the preforms, allowing a modest moulding time reduction thanks to the increased streamlining of the flow path of the melted plastic material (which, as a matter of fact, is injected in correspondence of the vertex of the closed end of the preform) , they have not allowed instead appreciable results in terms of reducing the preform weight, since material distribution in the finished bottle did not finally appear significantly different from that of the bottles obtained from preforms having a semispherical head.
  • the object of the present invention is hence that of providing an improved preform which, the dimensional and mechanical characteristics of the bottle obtained therefrom being the same, has a remarkably reduced weight compared to that of currently-used known-type preforms.
  • Another object of the invention is that of providing an improved preform by means of which it is possible to obtain that the weight reduction of the bottle obtained therefrom be concentrated in correspondence of a central area of the bottle bottom.
  • preform 1 has a fully conventional structure, both in terms of the shape of open end 2, provided in a known manner with threadings and ribs for the housing and abutment of the bottle screw cap, and in terms of the elongated, cylindrical shape of body 3 of the preform.
  • the innovation of the preform of the invention lies exclusively in the shape of the closed end or head 4 of the preform, in correspondence of whose central portion there is formed an axial appendix 5 suitably radiussed to the remaining side portion of head 4.
  • Said remaining side portion of head 4 can have any one of the known shapes described above and, preferably, has a semispherical shape.
  • appendix 5 and its size are not particularly limited, since the inner diameter of such appendix needs only to be large enough to be able to house therein the tip of the stretching rod of the preform (not shown), at the beginning of the moulding step.
  • appendix 5 also has a semispherical shape with radius R and is preferably radiussed to the side portion of closed end 4 by means of a curved, externally concave surface having identical radius R.
  • Radius R of appendix 5 and its overall height h determines the features of the preform of the invention.
  • appendix 5 may be varied at pleasure, depending on the desired results, for example in order to concentrate the weight loss of the preform in correspondence of the central area of the bottom of the bottle formed with the same, or for other purposes which from time to time may become useful or convenient for the different, individual applications.
  • the extraordinary result is hence obtained of a preform having a smaller weight than a known- type preform having the same thickness and height, thanks to the fact that the overall surface of the preform of the invention evidently has a smaller development than that of a corresponding, conventional preform with a fully semispherical head and of equal height.
  • the weight reduction of the preform which can thereby be obtained can reach about 3-5% and this remarkable result is furthermore achieved without having to vary in the least the other characteristics of the preform, and in particular the axial stretching ratio of the same.
  • the stretching rod possibly changed in its final part to adapt to the inner shape of appendix 5, can penetrate into appendix 5 and it hence determines a lengthening of the preform of the invention identical to the one it would cause in a conventional preform which a semispherical head of the same overall height H.
  • the stretching action is furthermore more even and homogeneous thanks to the fact that appendix 5 already represents a bevel for the deformed shape of the preform.
  • the preform of the invention can hence replace a conventional preform without the need to carry out a new calibration of the blow-moulding process and thereby obtaining, in a simple and direct way, a remarkable reduction of the preform weight, and hence of the finished bottle, thereby reaching a first object of the invention.
  • By suitably adjusting the dimensional parameters of appendix 5 it is besides possible to concentrate the weight reduction in correspondence of the central part of the bottom of the bottle obtained by blow-moulding of said preform, thereby achieving also the second object of the invention.
  • This objective is particularly important because it allows to improve the mechanical resistance of the bottle to impacts, eliminating, or significantly reducing, the fragility area which, in conventional bottles, consists of an annular band of the bottle bottom wherein transition area between the small-thickness peripheral area and the large-thickness central area takes place.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A preform (1) of plastic material for manufacturing bottles through a blow-moulding process comprises a substantially cylindrical central body (3) having an open end (2) and a closed end (4). In correspondence of the central area of said closed end (4) there is provided a hollow appendix (5), projecting outwards of the preform, capable of internally housing the tip end of a stretching rod of said preform (1). Both the hollow appendix (5) and the remaining side portion of the closed end (4) of the preform may be spherical, conical, elliptical or parabolic.

Description

IMPROVED PLASTIC PREFORM * * * * *
The present invention refers to an improved preform for manufacturing hollow bodies and, in particular, bottles of any kind and size, through a blow-moulding process.
As is well-known to people skilled in the field, the manufacture of bottles or jars of plastic material today is almost exclusively carried out through a 2-step process which comprises the manufacture and use of hollow, semifinished products having a substantially cylindrical shape, known precisely as preforms or parisons. In the first step of such process the manufacture of hollow preforms is hence accomplished - in a highly centralised manner, i.e. by few specialised manufacturers - said preforms having great thickness and longitudinal and crosswise size in a ratio of about 1:2 to 1:4 with respect to that of the finished bottle. In the second step of the process - which generally occurs instead in the same plant where bottling of the liquid to be packaged takes place - the hollow preforms are introduced into a mould, heated up to a temperature sufficient to accomplish the necessary softening thereof, stretched to the final length of the bottle by means of a stretching rod introduced in the preform, and hence blow- moulded by introducing one or more flows of compressed air in the heated and stretched preform.
This manufacturing system allows dramatic and various advantages in the entire manufacturing chain, which are well-known to people skilled in the field and which hence do not need to be recalled here, which advantages have led - as it was mentioned earlier - to the almost general adoption, at a global level, of this manufacturing system to achieve hollow bodies and in particular bottles of any kind, shape and size.
In particular, the above-described process has found a particularly suited application in the use of clear plastic materials, such as for example PET (polyethylenterephtalate) , which, during the blowing process, undergo such an orientation of the crystalline structure to impart the bottle particularly satisfactory mechanical characteristics, even with very small final thickness values of the material.
Precisely for this type of bottles, a constant search for the optimisation of the manufacturing process has hence developed in order to reduce - the final bottle volume being the same - the quantity of plastic material used and hence the final cost of the bottle. Up until today such search was mainly aimed on the one hand at shape changes of the finished bottle (to create a greater shape stability) and, on the other hand, at the adjustment of the different moulding parameters (stretching ratio of the preform, heating temperature, pressure of the blown air and the like) .
Substantially unchanged over time has remained instead the shape of the preform which, as said, consists of a hollow cylindrical body, having a constant or variable thickness, whose open end has already the final shape of the neck area of the bottle - and hence also provided with the necessary threadings for coupling the screw cap - and whose closed end in most cases is semispherical .
In order to reduce the amount of plastic material which, in the finished bottle, remains in the central area of the bottom of the same and hence is of no direct usefulness, preforms with a non-spherical head and, in particular, with a head having a conical, elliptical or parabolic shape have then been suggested and partly used. However, while preforms of this type have actually allowed some advantages during the moulding of the preforms, allowing a modest moulding time reduction thanks to the increased streamlining of the flow path of the melted plastic material (which, as a matter of fact, is injected in correspondence of the vertex of the closed end of the preform) , they have not allowed instead appreciable results in terms of reducing the preform weight, since material distribution in the finished bottle did not finally appear significantly different from that of the bottles obtained from preforms having a semispherical head.
The object of the present invention is hence that of providing an improved preform which, the dimensional and mechanical characteristics of the bottle obtained therefrom being the same, has a remarkably reduced weight compared to that of currently-used known-type preforms.
Another object of the invention is that of providing an improved preform by means of which it is possible to obtain that the weight reduction of the bottle obtained therefrom be concentrated in correspondence of a central area of the bottle bottom.
Such objects are achieved, according to the present invention, by means of a preform having the features defined in the enclosed claim 1. Further features of the preform of the invention are defined in the dependent claims .
Further features and advantages of the present invention will be more evident from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the same, illustrated in the accompanying drawing showing a diagrammatic side view of an improved cylindrical preform according to the present invention.
As it appears clearly from the drawing, preform 1 according to the invention has a fully conventional structure, both in terms of the shape of open end 2, provided in a known manner with threadings and ribs for the housing and abutment of the bottle screw cap, and in terms of the elongated, cylindrical shape of body 3 of the preform.
As a matter of fact, the innovation of the preform of the invention lies exclusively in the shape of the closed end or head 4 of the preform, in correspondence of whose central portion there is formed an axial appendix 5 suitably radiussed to the remaining side portion of head 4. Said remaining side portion of head 4 can have any one of the known shapes described above and, preferably, has a semispherical shape.
The shape of appendix 5 and its size are not particularly limited, since the inner diameter of such appendix needs only to be large enough to be able to house therein the tip of the stretching rod of the preform (not shown), at the beginning of the moulding step. In the embodiment shown, appendix 5 also has a semispherical shape with radius R and is preferably radiussed to the side portion of closed end 4 by means of a curved, externally concave surface having identical radius R.
Radius R of appendix 5 and its overall height h, with respect to a tangential plane to the theoretical tip of a completely semispherical head (shown by a phantom line in the drawing) , determines the features of the preform of the invention. The minimum value which R can take up, R = Rmin, as said above is the one corresponding to an inner diameter of appendix 5 suitable to allow the close-fit introduction, within the same, of the stretching rod of the preform; the maximum value which R can take up, R = Rmax, corresponds instead to D/2, where D is the diameter of the cylindrical central portion 3 of the preform. The overall height H of the preform being equal, the weight reduction effect of the preform is of course highest for R = Rmin, while the effect is instead minimal, or more precisely nil, when R=Rmax i.e. when the preform of the invention has a shape of head 4 matching that of a conventional mould with a fully semispherical head.
Similar observations apply to height h of appendix 5, since it is evident that - again the overall height H of the preform being the same - the weight reduction of the preform is the greater, the greater height h is, starting from a value hmin = 0, wherein the preform of the invention has a shape of head 4 matching that of a conventional preform having a fully semispherical head.
Within the above-said variability ranges, the dimensions and shape of appendix 5 may be varied at pleasure, depending on the desired results, for example in order to concentrate the weight loss of the preform in correspondence of the central area of the bottom of the bottle formed with the same, or for other purposes which from time to time may become useful or convenient for the different, individual applications.
Thanks to the specific shape described above of the preform of the invention, the extraordinary result is hence obtained of a preform having a smaller weight than a known- type preform having the same thickness and height, thanks to the fact that the overall surface of the preform of the invention evidently has a smaller development than that of a corresponding, conventional preform with a fully semispherical head and of equal height. The weight reduction of the preform which can thereby be obtained can reach about 3-5% and this remarkable result is furthermore achieved without having to vary in the least the other characteristics of the preform, and in particular the axial stretching ratio of the same. The stretching rod, possibly changed in its final part to adapt to the inner shape of appendix 5, can penetrate into appendix 5 and it hence determines a lengthening of the preform of the invention identical to the one it would cause in a conventional preform which a semispherical head of the same overall height H. The stretching action is furthermore more even and homogeneous thanks to the fact that appendix 5 already represents a bevel for the deformed shape of the preform.
The preform of the invention can hence replace a conventional preform without the need to carry out a new calibration of the blow-moulding process and thereby obtaining, in a simple and direct way, a remarkable reduction of the preform weight, and hence of the finished bottle, thereby reaching a first object of the invention. By suitably adjusting the dimensional parameters of appendix 5 it is besides possible to concentrate the weight reduction in correspondence of the central part of the bottom of the bottle obtained by blow-moulding of said preform, thereby achieving also the second object of the invention. This objective is particularly important because it allows to improve the mechanical resistance of the bottle to impacts, eliminating, or significantly reducing, the fragility area which, in conventional bottles, consists of an annular band of the bottle bottom wherein transition area between the small-thickness peripheral area and the large-thickness central area takes place.
The present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment of the same, but it is clear that a number of other embodiments using the principle of the invention may differ from said embodiment. The invention is hence in no way limited by the features of the described embodiment, but only by the invention definitions found in the accompanying claims.

Claims

1) Preform (1) of plastic material for manufacturing hollow bodies through a blow-moulding process, wherein said preform (1) comprises a substantially cylindrical central body (3) having an open end (2) and a closed end (4), characterised in that said closed end (4) is provided with a hollow appendix (5) projecting outwards of the preform (1) in correspondence of its central area.
2) Preform as claimed in claim 1), wherein said hollow body is a bottle or a jar and said open end (2) forms the neck area of the finished bottle or jar, and the seat of a cap thereof.
3) Preform as claimed in claim 1) or 2), wherein at least the central portion of said appendix (5) has a spherical, elliptical or parabolic shape.
4) Preform as claimed in claim 3), wherein said appendix (5) is radiussed to the remaining side portion of said closed end (4) of the preform (1) .
5) Preform as claimed in claim 4), wherein said appendix (5) has a spherical shape.
6) Preform as claimed in claim 5) , wherein said appendix (5) has a radius (R) equal to that of the externally concave surface connecting said appendix (5) to the remaining side portion of the closed end (4) of the preform (1) .
7) Preform as claimed in claim 5) or 6), wherein said side portion of the closed end (4) adjacent to said central appendix (5) has a spherical, elliptical or parabolic shape.
8) Preform as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein said central appendix (5) has an internal clearance at least sufficient to house the free end of a stretching rod of said preform.
PCT/IB2007/054015 2006-10-06 2007-10-03 Plastic preform where closed end is provided with a hollow appendix WO2008041186A2 (en)

Priority Applications (13)

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RU2009117211/05A RU2469845C2 (en) 2006-10-06 2007-10-03 Perfected plastic workpiece
US12/444,515 US9492950B2 (en) 2006-10-06 2007-10-03 Plastic preform
BRPI0717797-6A2A BRPI0717797A2 (en) 2006-10-06 2007-10-03 Preform of plastic material
JP2009530993A JP2010505653A (en) 2006-10-06 2007-10-03 Improved plastic preform
KR1020097006842A KR101537824B1 (en) 2006-10-06 2007-10-03 Improved plastic preform
CN200780036825.7A CN101522385B (en) 2006-10-06 2007-10-03 Improved plastic preform
AU2007303824A AU2007303824B2 (en) 2006-10-06 2007-10-03 Plastic preform where closed end is provided with a hollow appendix
MX2009003527A MX346930B (en) 2006-10-06 2007-10-03 Improved plastic preform.
CA002665331A CA2665331A1 (en) 2006-10-06 2007-10-03 Improved plastic preform
EP07826633A EP2077934A2 (en) 2006-10-06 2007-10-03 Plastic preform where closed end is provided with a hollow appendix
IL197729A IL197729A (en) 2006-10-06 2009-03-19 Plastic preform
TNP2009000121A TN2009000121A1 (en) 2006-10-06 2009-04-03 Improved plastic preform
HK10102189.5A HK1137385A1 (en) 2006-10-06 2010-03-02 Improved plastic preform

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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ITMI2006A001922 2006-10-06
IT001922A ITMI20061922A1 (en) 2006-10-06 2006-10-06 PREFORMATION OF REFINED PLASTIC MATERIAL.

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BRPI0717797A2 (en) 2014-04-15
AU2007303824B2 (en) 2012-07-05
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CA2665331A1 (en) 2008-04-10
CN101522385A (en) 2009-09-02
AU2007303824A1 (en) 2008-04-10
IL197729A0 (en) 2009-12-24
EP2439032A3 (en) 2012-11-07
TW200902294A (en) 2009-01-16
US9492950B2 (en) 2016-11-15
RU2469845C2 (en) 2012-12-20
JP2013078951A (en) 2013-05-02
UA96609C2 (en) 2011-11-25
CN101522385B (en) 2014-07-30
IL197729A (en) 2013-06-27
US20100081003A1 (en) 2010-04-01
TN2009000121A1 (en) 2010-10-18
MX346930B (en) 2017-04-05
AU2007303824A8 (en) 2009-05-28
WO2008041186A3 (en) 2009-05-07
KR20090060326A (en) 2009-06-11
JP2010505653A (en) 2010-02-25
AR063156A1 (en) 2008-12-30
WO2008041186A8 (en) 2008-06-05
MA30818B1 (en) 2009-10-01
HK1137385A1 (en) 2010-07-30
EP2077934A2 (en) 2009-07-15
RU2009117211A (en) 2010-11-20
MX2009003527A (en) 2009-05-11
ZA200902874B (en) 2010-04-28
KR101537824B1 (en) 2015-07-17

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