WO2008004885A1 - Underwater cooling assembly - Google Patents

Underwater cooling assembly Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2008004885A1
WO2008004885A1 PCT/NO2007/000251 NO2007000251W WO2008004885A1 WO 2008004885 A1 WO2008004885 A1 WO 2008004885A1 NO 2007000251 W NO2007000251 W NO 2007000251W WO 2008004885 A1 WO2008004885 A1 WO 2008004885A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
boiling chamber
assembly
underwater
refrigerant
pressure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO2007/000251
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Edwin Poorte
Karl Olav Haram
Original Assignee
Norsk Hydro Produksjon A.S
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Norsk Hydro Produksjon A.S, Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. filed Critical Norsk Hydro Produksjon A.S
Priority to US12/307,719 priority Critical patent/US20090277612A1/en
Priority to AU2007270120A priority patent/AU2007270120B2/en
Priority to GB0902042A priority patent/GB2453896B/en
Publication of WO2008004885A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008004885A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B36/00—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
    • E21B36/001—Cooling arrangements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/0266—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with separate evaporating and condensing chambers connected by at least one conduit; Loop-type heat pipes; with multiple or common evaporating or condensing chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/06—Control arrangements therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an underwater cooling assembly.
  • Underwater cooling assemblies are known from OTC paper 17399 "Subsea Gas Compression - Challenges and Solutions” presented by R.Fantoft at the Offshore Technology Conference held in Houston, USA on 2-5 May 2005 and from International patent applications WO03 /033870, W003 /035335 and WO 2005/026497. - ; .-
  • the known underwater cooling assemblies comprise heat exchangers that are cooled by the water surrounding the cooling assemblies.
  • a disadvantage of the known assemblies is that the (sea) water surrounding the assemblies may not flow at a high velocity along the outer surface of the assembly, which implies poor heat transfer.
  • a further disadvantage of the known assemblies is that the heat exchangers have large wall thickness to withstand the internal and external pressure, which increases weight and implies poor heat transfer.
  • an underwater cooling assembly comprising:
  • a water cooled condenser in which refrigerant vaporized in the boiling chamber is condensed and from which condensed refrigerant is recirculated into the boiling chamber; and a pressure compensating membrane which maintains the fluid pressure within the boiling chamber substantially similar to the fluid pressure of the water surrounding the submerged refrigerant boiling chamber.
  • the cooling assembly may be part of an underwater gas and/or crude oil production assembly and may be configured to cool a production stream of natural gas and/or crude oil and/or underwater equipment, such as one or more electrical motors and/or gas compressors.
  • the condenser is an elongate thin walled substantially vertically oriented vessel with an internal permeable reinforcement frame and external cooling fins .
  • the boiling chamber and condenser may have an outer wall, which is less than 3 millimeters, preferably less than 2 millimeters, thick, thereby providing a light weight cooling assembly with a high cooling capacity.
  • FIG.l depicts a schematic view of an underwater cooling assembly according to the invention.
  • FIG.l depicts an underwater cooling assembly 1, which is connected to an underwater oil and/or gas production facility 2, which is mounted on the waterbottom 3.
  • the underwater facility comprises equipment, such as electrical motors and/or compressors that are to be cooled and which are connected to an assembly of heat exchanger tubes 4 that are arranged in a refrigerant boiling chamber 5.
  • the facility 2 and heat exchanger tubes 4 together comprise a pressure vessel that can withstand the internal operational pressures as well as the external seawater pressure.
  • the assembly surrounding the heat exchanger tubes 4 (consisting of 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9) is not a pressure vessel, in the sense that it is pressure- compensated towards the seawater by means of a pressure compensating membrane 9, hence has insignificant pressure forces acting on it.
  • the refrigerant is a suitably selected liquid that boils at ambient seawater pressure at a temperature lower than the external wall temperature of heat exchanger tubes 4.
  • the hot fluid Fhot that flows into the heat exchanger tubes 4 is cooled by the boiling refrigerant in the boiling chamber 5 and flows as a cooled fluid F coo ie d into the underwater oil/and or gas production facility.
  • the boiling chamber 5 is connected to a seawater cooled condenser 6 via a vaporized refrigerant outlet conduit 7 and a condensed refrigerant inlet conduit 8.
  • the boiling chamber 5 is equipped with a pressure compensating membrane 9, which maintains the fluid pressure within the boiling chamber ⁇ p sea substantially similar to the fluid pressure p sea of the seawater 10 surrounding the submerged refrigerant boiling chamber 5.
  • the pressure compensating membrane 9 Since the pressure difference between the interior and exterior of the boiling chamber 5 is minimized by the pressure compensating membrane 9, the boiling chamber 5, the condenser 6, the vaporized refrigerant outlet tube 7 and the condensed refrigerant inlet tube 8 may have a relatively thin wall thickness, which enhances the cooling efficiency.
  • the condenser 6 is constructed as an elongate thin walled substantially vertically oriented vessel with an internal permeable reinforcement frame and external cooling fins.
  • the boiling chamber 5 and condenser 6 may have an outer wall, which is less than 3 millimeters, preferably less than 2 millimeters, thick, thereby creating a light weight cooling assembly with a large cooling capacity.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A lightweight underwater cooling assembly with a high cooling capacity comprises: an assembly of heat exchanger tubes (4) arranged in a submerged refrigerant boiling chamber (5); a thin walled water cooled condenser (6) in which refrigerant vaporized in the boiling chamber (5) is condensed and from which condensed refrigerant is recirculated into the boiling chamber (5); and a thin walled pressure compensating membrane (9) which maintains the fluid pressure (~psea) within the boiling chamber (5) and condenser (6) substantially similar to the fluid pressure (psea) of the (sea) water surrounding the submerged refrigerant boiling chamber (5).

Description

UNDERWATER COOLING ASSEMBLY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to an underwater cooling assembly. Underwater cooling assemblies are known from OTC paper 17399 "Subsea Gas Compression - Challenges and Solutions" presented by R.Fantoft at the Offshore Technology Conference held in Houston, USA on 2-5 May 2005 and from International patent applications WO03 /033870, W003 /035335 and WO 2005/026497. -; .-
The known underwater cooling assemblies comprise heat exchangers that are cooled by the water surrounding the cooling assemblies.
A disadvantage of the known assemblies is that the (sea) water surrounding the assemblies may not flow at a high velocity along the outer surface of the assembly, which implies poor heat transfer. A further disadvantage of the known assemblies is that the heat exchangers have large wall thickness to withstand the internal and external pressure, which increases weight and implies poor heat transfer.
It is an object of the invention to provide an improved underwater cooling assembly, which has a high cooling capacity and cooling efficiency. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the invention there is provided an underwater cooling assembly, comprising:
- an assembly of heat exchanger tubes arranged in a submerged refrigerant boiling chamber;
- a water cooled condenser in which refrigerant vaporized in the boiling chamber is condensed and from which condensed refrigerant is recirculated into the boiling chamber; and a pressure compensating membrane which maintains the fluid pressure within the boiling chamber substantially similar to the fluid pressure of the water surrounding the submerged refrigerant boiling chamber.
The cooling assembly may be part of an underwater gas and/or crude oil production assembly and may be configured to cool a production stream of natural gas and/or crude oil and/or underwater equipment, such as one or more electrical motors and/or gas compressors.
Preferably, the condenser is an elongate thin walled substantially vertically oriented vessel with an internal permeable reinforcement frame and external cooling fins .
The boiling chamber and condenser may have an outer wall, which is less than 3 millimeters, preferably less than 2 millimeters, thick, thereby providing a light weight cooling assembly with a high cooling capacity.
These and other features, embodiments and advantages of the cooling assembly according to the invention are described in the accompanying claims, abstract and the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment in which reference is made to the accompanying drawing.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG.l depicts a schematic view of an underwater cooling assembly according to the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
FIG.l depicts an underwater cooling assembly 1, which is connected to an underwater oil and/or gas production facility 2, which is mounted on the waterbottom 3.
The underwater facility comprises equipment, such as electrical motors and/or compressors that are to be cooled and which are connected to an assembly of heat exchanger tubes 4 that are arranged in a refrigerant boiling chamber 5. The facility 2 and heat exchanger tubes 4 together comprise a pressure vessel that can withstand the internal operational pressures as well as the external seawater pressure. The assembly surrounding the heat exchanger tubes 4 (consisting of 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9) is not a pressure vessel, in the sense that it is pressure- compensated towards the seawater by means of a pressure compensating membrane 9, hence has insignificant pressure forces acting on it.
The refrigerant is a suitably selected liquid that boils at ambient seawater pressure at a temperature lower than the external wall temperature of heat exchanger tubes 4.
The hot fluid Fhot that flows into the heat exchanger tubes 4 is cooled by the boiling refrigerant in the boiling chamber 5 and flows as a cooled fluid Fcooied into the underwater oil/and or gas production facility.
Due to violent boiling of the refrigerant a high heat transfer will be accomplished on the outer surfaces of the heat exchanger tubes 4.
The boiling chamber 5 is connected to a seawater cooled condenser 6 via a vaporized refrigerant outlet conduit 7 and a condensed refrigerant inlet conduit 8.
The boiling chamber 5 is equipped with a pressure compensating membrane 9, which maintains the fluid pressure within the boiling chamber ~psea substantially similar to the fluid pressure psea of the seawater 10 surrounding the submerged refrigerant boiling chamber 5.
Since the pressure difference between the interior and exterior of the boiling chamber 5 is minimized by the pressure compensating membrane 9, the boiling chamber 5, the condenser 6, the vaporized refrigerant outlet tube 7 and the condensed refrigerant inlet tube 8 may have a relatively thin wall thickness, which enhances the cooling efficiency.
To further enhance the cooling efficiency of the assembly the condenser 6 is constructed as an elongate thin walled substantially vertically oriented vessel with an internal permeable reinforcement frame and external cooling fins. The boiling chamber 5 and condenser 6 may have an outer wall, which is less than 3 millimeters, preferably less than 2 millimeters, thick, thereby creating a light weight cooling assembly with a large cooling capacity.

Claims

CLAIMS I
1. An underwater cooling assembly, comprising:
- an assembly of heat exchanger tubes arranged in a submerged refrigerant boiling chamber; a water cooled condenser in which refrigerant vaporized in the boiling chamber is condensed and from which condensed refrigerant is recirculated into the boiling chamber; and a pressure compensating membrane which maintains the fluid pressure within the boiling chamber substantially similar to the fluid pressure of the water surrounding the submerged refrigerant boiling chamber.
2. The underwater cooling assembly of claim 1, wherein the assembly forms part of an underwater gas and/or crude oil production assembly.
3. The underwater cooling assembly of claim 2, wherein the assembly is configured to cool a production stream of natural gas and/or crude oil and/or underwater equipment, such as one or more electrical motors and/or gas compressors.
4. The underwater cooling assembly of claim 1, wherein the condenser is an elongate thin walled substantially vertically oriented vessel with an internal permeable reinforcement frame and external cooling fins and wherein the pressure compensating membrane also keeps the pressure within the condenser substantially similar to the pressure of the surrounding water.
5. The underwater cooling assembly of claim 1, wherein the boiling chamber and condenser have an outer wall, which is less than 3 millimeters thick.
PCT/NO2007/000251 2006-07-07 2007-07-02 Underwater cooling assembly WO2008004885A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/307,719 US20090277612A1 (en) 2006-07-07 2007-07-02 Underwater cooling assembly
AU2007270120A AU2007270120B2 (en) 2006-07-07 2007-07-02 Underwater cooling assembly
GB0902042A GB2453896B (en) 2006-07-07 2007-07-02 Underwater cooling assembly

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20063168A NO326076B1 (en) 2006-07-07 2006-07-07 Underwater dress assembly
NO20063168 2006-07-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008004885A1 true WO2008004885A1 (en) 2008-01-10

Family

ID=38894781

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO2007/000251 WO2008004885A1 (en) 2006-07-07 2007-07-02 Underwater cooling assembly

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20090277612A1 (en)
AU (1) AU2007270120B2 (en)
GB (1) GB2453896B (en)
NO (1) NO326076B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2008004885A1 (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011008101A2 (en) 2009-07-15 2011-01-20 Fmc Kongsberg Subsea As Subsea cooler
CN102022097A (en) * 2009-09-21 2011-04-20 北京名辉宝狮油田设备有限公司 Oil field multifunction paraffin removal unit
EP2679765A1 (en) * 2012-06-28 2014-01-01 ABB Technology Ltd Subsea unit comprising a two-phase cooling system
WO2014071985A1 (en) * 2012-11-09 2014-05-15 Abb Technology Ltd Subsea unit comprising a two-phase cooling system and a subsea power system comprising such a subsea unit
WO2015030988A3 (en) * 2013-08-30 2015-05-14 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Multi-phase passive thermal transfer for subsea apparatus
ITUB20152051A1 (en) * 2015-07-10 2017-01-10 Nuovo Pignone Srl Submarine group
US11419241B2 (en) 2017-04-12 2022-08-16 Abb Schweiz Ag Heat exchanging arrangement and subsea electronic system

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009135142A (en) * 2007-11-28 2009-06-18 Toyota Industries Corp Ebullient cooling device
GB2468920A (en) * 2009-03-27 2010-09-29 Framo Eng As Subsea cooler for cooling a fluid flowing in a subsea flow line
US9476410B2 (en) * 2009-05-01 2016-10-25 Nagan Srinivasan Offshore floating platform with ocean thermal energy conversion system
US9127897B2 (en) * 2010-12-30 2015-09-08 Kellogg Brown & Root Llc Submersed heat exchanger
US10578128B2 (en) 2014-09-18 2020-03-03 General Electric Company Fluid processing system
CN114340296B (en) * 2020-09-28 2023-03-31 深圳欧特海洋科技有限公司 Component of underwater data cabin, data cabin and seabed IDC system

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6142215A (en) * 1998-08-14 2000-11-07 Edg, Incorporated Passive, thermocycling column heat-exchanger system
US20020195251A1 (en) * 2001-06-20 2002-12-26 Underdown David R. Sub-sea membrane separation system with temperature control

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US3722445A (en) * 1965-10-21 1973-03-27 Us Navy Underwater molten salt heat storage boiler
US4310264A (en) * 1980-03-31 1982-01-12 Brownlee William L Buoyant pipe system
US4433940A (en) * 1981-11-16 1984-02-28 Cook Stolowitz & Frame Tethered submarine pressure transfer storage facility for liquified energy gases
AU8274587A (en) * 1986-11-17 1988-06-16 Furukawa Aluminum Co., Ltd. Process for manufacturing heat exchanger
FR2634292B1 (en) * 1988-07-15 1990-10-19 Grosso Gilles METHOD AND DEVICES FOR MAINTAINING THE GAS CONTAINED IN A SUBMERSIBLE PRESSURE BALANCED ENCLOSURE WITH THE OUTSIDE
US7422052B2 (en) * 2006-04-20 2008-09-09 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Low profile thermosiphon

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6142215A (en) * 1998-08-14 2000-11-07 Edg, Incorporated Passive, thermocycling column heat-exchanger system
US20020195251A1 (en) * 2001-06-20 2002-12-26 Underdown David R. Sub-sea membrane separation system with temperature control

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011008101A2 (en) 2009-07-15 2011-01-20 Fmc Kongsberg Subsea As Subsea cooler
CN102022097A (en) * 2009-09-21 2011-04-20 北京名辉宝狮油田设备有限公司 Oil field multifunction paraffin removal unit
EP2679765A1 (en) * 2012-06-28 2014-01-01 ABB Technology Ltd Subsea unit comprising a two-phase cooling system
WO2014001383A1 (en) * 2012-06-28 2014-01-03 Abb Technology Ltd Subsea unit comprising a two-phase cooling system
WO2014071985A1 (en) * 2012-11-09 2014-05-15 Abb Technology Ltd Subsea unit comprising a two-phase cooling system and a subsea power system comprising such a subsea unit
WO2015030988A3 (en) * 2013-08-30 2015-05-14 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Multi-phase passive thermal transfer for subsea apparatus
US9581358B2 (en) 2013-08-30 2017-02-28 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Multi-phase passive thermal transfer for subsea apparatus
ITUB20152051A1 (en) * 2015-07-10 2017-01-10 Nuovo Pignone Srl Submarine group
WO2017009229A1 (en) * 2015-07-10 2017-01-19 Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie Srl Subsea assembly
US11181115B2 (en) 2015-07-10 2021-11-23 Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie Srl Subsea assembly
US11419241B2 (en) 2017-04-12 2022-08-16 Abb Schweiz Ag Heat exchanging arrangement and subsea electronic system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO326076B1 (en) 2008-09-15
AU2007270120A1 (en) 2008-01-10
NO20063168L (en) 2008-01-08
GB2453896B (en) 2010-12-01
AU2007270120B2 (en) 2011-05-12
US20090277612A1 (en) 2009-11-12
GB0902042D0 (en) 2009-03-11
GB2453896A (en) 2009-04-22

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