WO2008000371A1 - Antitracking aramid yarn - Google Patents
Antitracking aramid yarn Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008000371A1 WO2008000371A1 PCT/EP2007/005372 EP2007005372W WO2008000371A1 WO 2008000371 A1 WO2008000371 A1 WO 2008000371A1 EP 2007005372 W EP2007005372 W EP 2007005372W WO 2008000371 A1 WO2008000371 A1 WO 2008000371A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- finish
- yarn
- organic substance
- aramid
- cable
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 102100020786 Adenylosuccinate synthetase isozyme 2 Human genes 0.000 claims abstract 7
- -1 poly(p- phenylene terephthalamide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003868 ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003366 poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000561 Twaron Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical class OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000004879 dioscorea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical class [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZVAZDQMPUOHKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(7-methyloctyl)phenol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O UZVAZDQMPUOHKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010014405 Electrocution Diseases 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003109 Karl Fischer titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- AFPLJWLFKQCGMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K].CCCCCCCCOP(=O)OCC Chemical compound [K].CCCCCCCCOP(=O)OCC AFPLJWLFKQCGMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005600 alkyl phosphonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940045714 alkyl sulfonate alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004653 carbonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940043237 diethanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002462 imidazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WLTHPEHYBIKNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyl sulfate;tris(2-hydroxyethyl)-methylazanium Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O.OCC[N+](C)(CCO)CCO WLTHPEHYBIKNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940083254 peripheral vasodilators imidazoline derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
- D01F6/60—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyamides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
- D06M13/282—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing phosphorus
- D06M13/292—Mono-, di- or triesters of phosphoric or phosphorous acids; Salts thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/35—Heterocyclic compounds
- D06M13/352—Heterocyclic compounds having five-membered heterocyclic rings
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/46—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/59—Polyamides; Polyimides
- D06M15/598—Polyamides; Polyimides modified by compounds containing phosphorus
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4415—Cables for special applications
- G02B6/4416—Heterogeneous cables
- G02B6/4417—High voltage aspects, e.g. in cladding
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/443—Protective covering
Definitions
- the invention relates to an anti-tracking aramid filament yarn provided with a finish composition and to an ADSS (All Dielectric Self Supporting) cable made thereof.
- ADSS All Dielectric Self Supporting
- ADSS cables are in use for many years, mainly used in regions where a fast implementation of an infrastructure is required. It is of advantage that the installation can be performed at High Voltage Power Lines without turning off the line voltage.
- the ADSS cables are installed between poles.
- the resulting space potential easily can reach levels up to 15 kV due to the electric fields of the high voltage conductors.
- the difference in space potential between the middle of the span and the pole (cable is grounded there) does not lead to any noticeable current flow as long as the surface resistance of the ADSS cable is high enough.
- ADSS cables in extreme dusty circumstances (such as in a desert) is insufficient.
- EP 214480 describes increasing the electrical conductivity of the aramid yarns below the cable sheath. Due to the capacitive coupling of the cable sheath to the conductive yarns the discharges are less intense. It was noted that the currents through the aramid yams should not be too high in order to exclude any physical risk for staff working on the cable installation.
- the aramid yarns were made electrically conductive by applying a special jelly on the aramid yarns during cable production.
- ADSS cables contain a core, reinforcing aramid yarn, and an outer sheath.
- the core contains optical fibers and can be build up as central tube design, which is a hollow tube containing optical fibers in a petro-jelly.
- central tube design is a hollow tube containing optical fibers in a petro-jelly.
- the hollow tubes contain optical fibers in a petro-jelly.
- Such loose tube design may have an inner jacket around it, usually made of polyethylene.
- the outer jacket is made of a special polymer, which is better resistant to sparks (track-resistant polymer).
- the aramid yarn is particularly useful for neutralizing tensile forces. Tensile forces are obtained by the weight and the installation tension, and by the presence of wind and ice layers. The outer sheath protects the aramid yarn and the other elements in the inner part of the cable against sun light and water. The latter is of importance since water moves to the lowest point of the cable. When it freezes considerable compression forces are evolved which leads to signal loss of optical fibers. Optical fibers further are sensitive to hydrogen and water vapor, also leading to signal loss.
- Sparks can be formed when the cables contains a dust layer at the outer side (dry-band arcing).
- the aramid When a hole is formed in the outer jacket, the aramid is affected and the cable may then break.
- the invention pertains to an ADSS cable reinforced with aramid filament yarn provided with a finish composition comprising an organic substance, the amount of organic substance in the finish being selected so that the finish has a conductivity from 0.2 mS/cm to 200 mS/cm, measured as a 50 wt% finish composition in water at 20 °C, and the amount of the finish on the yam being selected so that the yarn has a specific electric resistance from 4x10 4 to 1.2x10 7 Ohm.cm.
- the invention also pertains to the novel aramid filament yarn per se, which can be used for making ADSS cables that are reinforced with such aramid yarns.
- the conductive organic substance can be applied onto wet or dried yarn as a spin-finish (before or after the drying, as such or diluted with a solvent such as water) during the spinning process or in a separate process step.
- the specific electrical resistance of the yarn may not be too low to avoid dangerous situations (e.g. electrocution) for workers in high voltage power lines and to avoid undesirable temperature rise at the pylons. On the other hand, the specific electrical resistance may not be too high to have sufficient anti-tracking behavior.
- aramid filament yarns treated with a finish comprising an organic conductive substance and having a specific electric resistance from 4x10 4 to 1.2x10 7 Ohm. cm, more preferably from 7x10 4 to 1x10 6 Ohm. cm show excellent anti-tracking behavior in ADSS cables.
- the amount of organic substance in the finish and the amount of said finish applied onto the yarn can easily be adjusted to obtain the required conductivity and specific electric resistance by applying simple and common electrical measurements which are well known in the art, and which are described herein below. Suitable amounts of finish to be applied can very easily be determined by a simple conductivity measurement, which as such is known in the art. When the conductivity of the finish solution is determined, a skilled person can easily apply the required amount of finish as needed for the specific use.
- Amounts of conductive organic substances in the finish giving a conductivity from 0.2 mS/cm to 200 mS/cm measured as a 50 wt% finish composition in water at 20 °C are required. More preferred are finishes with conductivity from 1 mS/cm to 50 mS/cm.
- Particularly suitable amounts of finish on the yarn giving the required conductivity and specific electric resistance are within the range 1 to 30 wt%, more preferably within the range 8-22 wt%.
- the wt% is relative to the total weight of the yarn without finish and moisture.
- Suitable organic substances for use in the invention are materials having statically chargeable acid or base groups, or a salt thereof.
- Non-ionic components can be used as well.
- Materials with acid groups are preferably fatty acids, (alkyl)phosphates, (alkyl)phosphonates, (alkyl)sulfonates, (alkyl)sulfates, and their salts.
- Materials with base groups are preferably amine compounds, imidazole derivates and quartemary ammonium compounds and their salts. Particular preferred materials are salts of (alkyl)phosphonates, (alkyl)phosphates, and quaternary ammonium compounds.
- Acid groups are preferably carboxylate, phosphonate or sulfonate groups.
- Base groups are preferably amine groups.
- Particularly preferred materials are fatty acids, carbonic acids, (cyclo)alkyl phosphates, (cyclo)alkyl phosphonates, (cyclo)alkyl sulfates, (cyclo)alkyl sulfonates, imidazoline derivatives, and the like.
- Particularly suitable are organic substances having a charge density of 80 to 800, preferably 130 to 600, and most preferably 190 to 450. Charge density is defined as the molecular weight of the organic substance divided by the number of chargeable groups in the organic substance molecule.
- the aramid yarns preferably are made of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA), but may also contain minor amounts of other monomers.
- Preferred aramid has a modulus of at least 90 GPa
- the COS is applied onto the yarn by conventional methods known in the art.
- the COS can be applied in solution.
- the solvent may be any suitable solvent, such as water, alcohol, ether, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, benzene, toluene, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, and the like. Most preferably the COS is applied as such, i.e. undiluted.
- the invention also pertains to the use of these yarns in cables and to cables comprising said yarns, which cables have the same mechanical characteristics as cables made of the untreated aramid yarns. The invention is particularly useful in ADSS cables.
- the cable and other equipment mentioned were installed in a chamber in which the air can be refreshed at will by means of ventilator.
- the measuring cycles were stopped for at least 4 hours, to allow the deposited layer to dry completely. During this time or when the current in the sparking was increased the jacket of the cable was inspected in the vicinity of the upper end connection. If the jacket was destroyed in such a way that the aramid becomes visible, the test sequence was ended and the number of cycles was recorded.
- Procedure for the determination of the conductivity of a finish is as follows.
- a sufficient amount of the aqueous finish solution (50 wt% of water and 50 wt% of COS) to be tested was poured into a beaker. Subsequently, the conductivity of this solution was determined according DIN norm 38404 Part 8 (9.1985) at a temperature of 20 0 C.
- the concentration of the finish solution was adjusted to 50 wt% by respectively the addition of demineralized water or the evaporation of water by heating on a hot plate under stirring at an elevated temperature below 100 0 C.
- a conductivity meter type inoLab of theticianlich-Technische choiren GmbH, Weilheim, Germany was used.
- the specific electrical resistance of the aramid yarns was calculated based on Ohm's law, the yarn length between the copper bars, the number of yarn connections, and the cross-section area of the yarn.
- the yarn package was rollingly unwound while successively passing the yarn over a liquid applicator and through a hot air oven (temperature 200 0 C, residence time 10 seconds).
- the treated aramid yarn was wound into a package at a speed of 30 m/min.
- the yarn was treated with the COS-containing finish a1 (Table A). This finish was diluted with the solvent toluene to achieve a homogeneous distribution of the finish.
- the solvent toluene was evaporated. The specific electrical resistance of the treated yarn was measured.
- an optical fiber cable was produced containing a central tube filled with optical glass fibers in petro-jelly and reinforced with the treated aramid yarns.
- a jacket of a tracking-resistant polymer having a thickness of 2 mm was extruded around the central tube with 6 mm outside diameter that was wrapped up in 27 (x 9660 dtex/f 6000) treated yarns.
- the outside diameter of the cable was around 12 mm.
- the same optical fiber cable of example 1 was produced using the following procedure during the extrusion process.
- the central tube filled with optical glass fibers and petro-jelly, was wrapped up in 27 high modulus Twaron® D2200 yarns (9660 dtex/f 6000).
- the finish a2 was dosed onto the reinforcing yarns using a funnel and the cable was pulled through a die to achieve a homogeneous distribution of trie finish. Finally the tracking-resistant jacket was extruded around the cable.
- optical fiber cables with an improved tracking resistance can be obtained when the reinforcing aramid yarns are separately treated with a COS containing finish.
- LA 499® is a mixture of isononyl phosphate ester, diethanolamine salt (60 - 80%) and polyethylene glycol iso-nonylphenol ( ⁇ 25%), supplier Info-Lab Ltd., Limerick, Ireland.
- Zerostat® TFG is a mixture of a quartemary ammonium salt (tris (2-hydroxyethyl) methylammonium methylsulfate) and boric diethanol amine, supplier Ciba Specialty
- Leomin® AN is an ethyl octyl phosphonate potassium salt, supplier Clariant GmbH,
- Afilan® PTU is an ethoxylated and propoxylated oleic acid, CH3-capped, supplier Clariant
- Toluene is an aromatic hydrocarbon (solvent), supplier Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, USA. Table B Test results
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP07764709A EP2038689A1 (en) | 2006-06-28 | 2007-06-19 | Antitracking aramid yarn |
BRPI0713376-6A BRPI0713376A2 (en) | 2006-06-28 | 2007-06-19 | aramid filament yarn provided with a finishing composition, adss cable, and method for producing adss cable |
JP2009516942A JP2009541606A (en) | 2006-06-28 | 2007-06-19 | Tracking resistant aramid yarn |
US12/227,828 US20090285537A1 (en) | 2006-06-28 | 2007-06-19 | Antitracking Aramid Yarn |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP06013295 | 2006-06-28 | ||
EP06013295.8 | 2006-06-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2008000371A1 true WO2008000371A1 (en) | 2008-01-03 |
Family
ID=37603378
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2007/005372 WO2008000371A1 (en) | 2006-06-28 | 2007-06-19 | Antitracking aramid yarn |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090285537A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2038689A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2009541606A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20090021364A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101479636A (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0713376A2 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2009102658A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008000371A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA200810480B (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8472790B2 (en) | 2009-03-27 | 2013-06-25 | Sony Corporation | Digital cinema management device and digital cinema management method |
WO2014140194A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Teijin Aramid B.V. | Method for high speed stranding of aramid yarns |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012106284A1 (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2012-08-09 | Afl Telecommunications Llc | All-dielectric self-supporting (adss) fiber optic cable with a semi-conducting co-extruded tracking resistant jacket |
Citations (5)
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EP0214480A2 (en) * | 1985-08-12 | 1987-03-18 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Metal-free self-supporting optical cable for a high-tension cable |
DE3618659A1 (en) * | 1986-06-03 | 1987-12-10 | Rheydt Kabelwerk Ag | Fibre-optic cable |
EP0315824A1 (en) * | 1987-10-28 | 1989-05-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Metalfree self-supporting optical cable |
DE4402193C1 (en) * | 1994-01-26 | 1995-06-01 | Hoechst Ag | Aramid fibres for textile prodn. |
EP1435407A1 (en) * | 2003-01-02 | 2004-07-07 | Teijin Twaron B.V. | Aramid filament yarn provided with a conductive finish |
-
2007
- 2007-06-19 JP JP2009516942A patent/JP2009541606A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-06-19 CN CNA2007800242831A patent/CN101479636A/en active Pending
- 2007-06-19 BR BRPI0713376-6A patent/BRPI0713376A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-06-19 EP EP07764709A patent/EP2038689A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-06-19 RU RU2009102658/05A patent/RU2009102658A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-06-19 US US12/227,828 patent/US20090285537A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-06-19 KR KR1020087031673A patent/KR20090021364A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-06-19 WO PCT/EP2007/005372 patent/WO2008000371A1/en active Application Filing
-
2008
- 2008-12-10 ZA ZA200810480A patent/ZA200810480B/en unknown
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0214480A2 (en) * | 1985-08-12 | 1987-03-18 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Metal-free self-supporting optical cable for a high-tension cable |
DE3618659A1 (en) * | 1986-06-03 | 1987-12-10 | Rheydt Kabelwerk Ag | Fibre-optic cable |
EP0315824A1 (en) * | 1987-10-28 | 1989-05-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Metalfree self-supporting optical cable |
DE4402193C1 (en) * | 1994-01-26 | 1995-06-01 | Hoechst Ag | Aramid fibres for textile prodn. |
EP1435407A1 (en) * | 2003-01-02 | 2004-07-07 | Teijin Twaron B.V. | Aramid filament yarn provided with a conductive finish |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8472790B2 (en) | 2009-03-27 | 2013-06-25 | Sony Corporation | Digital cinema management device and digital cinema management method |
WO2014140194A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Teijin Aramid B.V. | Method for high speed stranding of aramid yarns |
RU2643992C2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2018-02-06 | Тейджин Арамид Б.В. | Method for high-speed stranding of aramid yarns |
AU2014230755B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2018-03-08 | Teijin Aramid B.V. | Method for high speed stranding of aramid yarns |
US11204477B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2021-12-21 | Teijin Aramid B.V. | Method for high speed stranding of aramid yarns |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2009541606A (en) | 2009-11-26 |
KR20090021364A (en) | 2009-03-03 |
CN101479636A (en) | 2009-07-08 |
EP2038689A1 (en) | 2009-03-25 |
ZA200810480B (en) | 2009-09-30 |
US20090285537A1 (en) | 2009-11-19 |
BRPI0713376A2 (en) | 2012-03-13 |
RU2009102658A (en) | 2010-08-10 |
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