WO2007139215A1 - Production method of heterocyclic mercapto compound - Google Patents

Production method of heterocyclic mercapto compound Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007139215A1
WO2007139215A1 PCT/JP2007/061231 JP2007061231W WO2007139215A1 WO 2007139215 A1 WO2007139215 A1 WO 2007139215A1 JP 2007061231 W JP2007061231 W JP 2007061231W WO 2007139215 A1 WO2007139215 A1 WO 2007139215A1
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Prior art keywords
mercapto
solution
reaction
formula
group
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PCT/JP2007/061231
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French (fr)
Inventor
Shinichi Yorozuya
Hidemasa Aoki
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Showa Denko K.K.
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Priority to AT07744618T priority Critical patent/ATE555088T1/en
Priority to ES07744618T priority patent/ES2385848T3/en
Priority to EP07744618A priority patent/EP2024330B1/en
Priority to US12/302,226 priority patent/US7902383B2/en
Priority to KR1020087029329A priority patent/KR101056461B1/en
Priority to CN2007800198256A priority patent/CN101454282B/en
Publication of WO2007139215A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007139215A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D207/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
    • C07D207/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D207/24—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
    • C07D207/26—2-Pyrrolidones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D307/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
    • C07D307/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
    • C07D307/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D207/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
    • C07D207/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D207/24—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
    • C07D207/26—2-Pyrrolidones
    • C07D207/273—2-Pyrrolidones with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to other ring carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D223/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D223/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
    • C07D223/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D223/08—Oxygen atoms
    • C07D223/10—Oxygen atoms attached in position 2
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D333/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
    • C07D333/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom
    • C07D333/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D333/30—Hetero atoms other than halogen
    • C07D333/34—Sulfur atoms

Definitions

  • heterocyclic mercapto compounds More specifically, the heterocyclic mercapto compounds
  • Non-patent Document 1 Patent Documents 1 to 3
  • the production method using thiourea gives low yields of the objective compounds and
  • Patent Document 1 is not industrially practical. Further, the
  • alkali salts of thiocarboxylic acids are expensive, and
  • Non-patent Document 1 Patent Documents 1 to 3
  • expensive sulfurizing agents represented by the alkali salts of thiocarboxylic acids be replaced by inexpensive sulfurizing agents such as metal sulfides and metal hydrosulfides .
  • use of sodium hydrosulfide as the sulfurizing agent has resulted in a low yield (Non-patent Document 1) .
  • Patent Document 1 U.S. Patent No. 3328415
  • Nonpatent Document 1 GEORG FUCH, "ARKIV FOR KEMI", 26 (1966)
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method for industrially producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds
  • the present invention relates to the following [1] to [16] . [0006]
  • X represents any structure of -O-, -S-, -NH-, and -NR 1 -;
  • R 1 represents any of an alkyl group, alkoxy group and alkoxyalkyl group each having 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
  • Y represents
  • R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
  • Z 1 represents
  • the method comprising reacting a metal sulfide or a metal
  • X and Y are as defined in Formula (1); and Z 2 represents a divalent organic residue having at least one halogen group.
  • 2-position of the heterocyclic mercapto compound, and Z 2 in Formula (2) is a divalent organic residue having one halogen group and the halogen group is directly bound to the carbon atom
  • compound represented by Formula (1) is a heterocyclic mercapto
  • sulfide is an alkali metal sulfide, an alkaline earth metal
  • sulfide is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of sodium sulfide, potassium sulfide, calcium sulfide
  • solvents selected from the group consisting of methanol,
  • reaction is performed by dissolving or dispersing the metal
  • heterocyclic mercapto compounds represented by
  • Formula (1) can be obtained with a high yield and high productivity. Further, since the production method of the
  • present invention does not involve steps for protecting
  • the heterocyclic mercapto compound can
  • the production method of the present invention is applicable to halogenoheterocyclic compounds having various substituents, and thus is extremely useful as an industrial production method.
  • R 1 represents any of an alkyl group, alkoxy group and alkoxyalkyl group each having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
  • Y represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom atom or -NR 2 -
  • R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
  • Z 1 represents a divalent organic residue having at least one mercapto group.
  • X represents any structure of -0-, -S-,
  • R 1 represents any of an alkyl group, alkoxy group or alkoxyalkyl group each having 1 to 6 carbon atoms . Among them,
  • alkyl groups, alkoxy groups and alkoxyalkyl groups each having
  • Y represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or -NR 2 -.
  • R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms . Among them, a hydrogen atom, methyl group
  • Z 1 represents a divalent organic residue having at least one mercapto group (-SH) .
  • Z 1 may has one or more mercapto groups, and more preferably has one mercapto group.
  • the organic residue Z 1 is preferably what one or more mercapto groups are bound to a hydrocarbon group, and may have a branched chain or a side chain. Examples of the side chains include alkyl
  • the mercapto group may be bound to any position of
  • the alkylene group without limitation.
  • the mercapto group may
  • alkylene group or the like for example, the mercaptoethyl group
  • the mercapto group is directly bound to the alkylene group.
  • the mercapto group is bound to the carbon atom at the 2-position of the heterocyclic mercapto
  • the "carbon atom at the 2-position” refers to the first carbon atom from the carbon atom to which Y is bonded, on the side opposite to the substituent -X- in Formula (1) . This definition also applies to the "carbon atom at the 2-position” in Formula (2) .
  • the alkylene groups desirably have 2 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 7 carbon atoms in the main chain. Examples of the side chains which may
  • alkylene groups include alkyl groups and
  • alkenyl groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
  • lactams (for example, N-methyl or N-ethyl derivatives)
  • N-alkoxy derivatives for example, N-methoxy or N-ethoxy
  • N-alkoxyalkyl derivatives for example, N-alkoxyalkyl derivatives
  • the production method of the present invention is more suitably applied to the industrial production of 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone (2-mercapto-4-butanolide) , 2-mercapto-4-methyl-4-butyrolactone, 2-mercapto-4-ethyl-4-butyrolactone,
  • the halogenoheterocyclic compound used as a raw material for producing the heterocyclic mercapto compound is represented by Formula (2) : [0043]
  • Z 2 is different from Z 1 in Formula (1) and
  • the number and position of the halogen group (s) correspond to those of the mercapto group (s) of Z 1 in Formula (1) , and Z 2 and Z 1 are different from each other only in whether they have the halogen group or the mercapto group.
  • Z 2 except the halogen group is the same as Z 1 except the mercapto
  • Formula (2) may be selected from any of 2-chloro-4-butyrolactone, 2-bromo-4-butyrolactone and 2-iodo-4-butyrolactone . Also, when
  • Formula (2) may be selected from any of 2, 3-dichloro-5-valerolactam, 2, 3-dibromo-5-valerolactam,
  • the halogenoheterocyclic compounds represented by Formula (2) are commercially available or may be produced by known methods.
  • the halogenoheterocyclic compounds represented by Formula (2) may be synthesized from commercially available lactone derivatives, thiolactone derivatives or cyclic ketone derivatives by any of the methods described in U.S. Patent No. 4247468, "J. Med. Chem. 1987. 30. 1995-1998", “Tetrahedron Asymmetry 2003. 14. 2587-2594", "Tetrahedron
  • metal sulfides examples include alkali metal
  • examples include sodium sulfide, potassium sulfide, magnesium
  • potassium sulfide are more preferred since they are inexpensive
  • metal hydrosulfides examples include alkali metal hydrosulfides .
  • Sodium hydrosulfide and potassium hydrosulfide are preferred since they are inexpensive and industrially easily available.
  • hydrosulfide include water; monoalcohols, such as methanol,
  • N-methylpyrrolidone N-methylpyrrolidone
  • increasing the amount of the solvent suppresses a side reaction and improves the yield of the heterocyclic mercapto compound represented by Formula (1) , it also dilutes the concentration of the reaction solution and the productivity can be lowered. Therefore, the amount of the solvent
  • the solvent is preferably determined balancing the yield with the productivity.
  • the solvent may be used in an
  • a mixed solvent of water and the organic solvent is preferred.
  • water is preferably used in combination with one or more organic solvents selected from the group of methanol,
  • ratio of water : organic solvent is preferably 1:0.1-10, more preferably 1:0.1-7.0, still more preferably 1:0.1-5.0.
  • reaction of the halogenoheterocyclic compound represented by Formula (2) with the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide is suitably performed by bringing the halogenoheterocyclic compound and the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide into contact with each other in the presence of
  • the solvent Preferably, the metal sulfide or the metal
  • hydrosulfide is dissolved or dispersed in the solvent and the
  • halogenoheterocyclic compound is brought into contact with the
  • the solution or slurry of the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide has a pH of around 14 without pH adjustment.
  • the pH of the reaction solution is maintained at 7.0 to 11.0 and the reaction is performed under this pH range.
  • the pH of the reaction solution is preferably 7.0 to 10.0, more
  • the pH is less than 7.0, the
  • the pH of the reaction solution may be measured using a commercially available pH meter.
  • the pH measurement may be performed at the temperature of the reaction solution as it is, without the need of changing the temperature of the reaction solution.
  • the pH of the reaction solution may be measured using a commercially available pH meter.
  • the reaction solution is measured at the temperature as it is during the reaction.
  • the pH of the reaction solution may be adjusted by any of
  • halogenoheterocyclic compound with the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide, by which the pH of the solution or slurry is adjusted before the reaction.
  • reaction is performed while an acid or an alkali is added to the reaction solution.
  • metal hydrosulfide is pH-adjusted beforehand, it is preferred
  • the pH is adjusted such that the pH of the reaction solution is in the aforementioned range during and after the addition of the halogenoheterocyclic compound.
  • the pH is desirably adjusted in expectation of a pH of the reaction solution being lowered during the reaction. More specifically, the pH of the solution or slurry of the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide is suitably adjusted to 7.5 to 11.0, preferably 8.0 to 10.0.
  • reaction solution to be in the range of 7.0 to 11.0 during the
  • Acids used for the pH adjustment include inorganic acids
  • hydrochloric acid sulfuric acid and nitric acid which are industrially easily available are more preferable.
  • hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid may be used singly or in combination of
  • the metal hydrosulfide is preferably maintained at 40°C or less, more preferably 25°C or less, still more preferably 15°C or less during the pH adjustment.
  • the lower limit of the temperature depends on the type of the used solvent and is not particularly limited. In general, the temperature is suitably maintained at
  • the measurement of the pH may be performed at that temperature.
  • the pH of the reaction solution is adjusted to 7.0 to 11.0 during the reaction, the pH fluctuation is read using
  • Inorganic acids and organic acids may be used as well as organic acids and organic acids.
  • hydrochloric acid sulfuric
  • hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid which are industrially easily available are more preferable.
  • hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid may be used singly or in combination of
  • Suitable alkalis for the pH adjustment include inorganic
  • alkalis examples include aqueous solutions of sodium
  • hydroxide potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium hydrosulfide, sodium sulfide, potassium sulfide and potassium
  • a hydrogen sulfide gas is generated by the neutralization.
  • the hydrogen sulfide gas is prevented from being released out of the reaction system, that the total amount of acid required for the pH adjustment is suppressed and that the yield in the main reaction is improved, it is preferred to use a closed reactor.
  • halogenoheterocyclic compound may be added after being diluted with a solvent or may be added without dilution.
  • the halogenoheterocyclic compound is preferably added after being diluted with a solvent. For a similar reason, the
  • a solvent used for the dilution include the above-mentioned organic solvents used for the reaction, and one or more of the organic solvents may be used. It is advisable that the halogenoheterocyclic compound is dissolved in the organic solvent and the resultant solution is added to the solution or slurry of the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide.
  • reaction solution is usually 4O 0 C or less, preferably 25°C or less, more preferably 15°C or less, still more preferably 5°C or less. Although the lower limit of the temperature is not
  • the temperature is suitably not less than
  • reaction system is maintained at
  • the reaction of the halogenoheterocyclic compound represented by Formula (2) with the solution or slurry of the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide preferably takes place at a pressure of 0.09 to 0.50 MPa, more preferably 0.10
  • halogenoheterocyclic compound metal sulfide or metal hydrosulfide
  • metal hydrosulfide is preferably 1:0.8-5.0, more preferably
  • Formula (1) may decrease. Although the equivalent ratio of the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide to the halogenoheterocyclic compound being more than 5.0 leads to a high reaction yield, the cost for the disposal of the excessive metal sulfide or metal hydrosulfide is increased, and the pH adjustment of the reaction solution requires a large amount of acid to lower the concentration of the reaction solution, often resulting in deteriorated productivity and low industrial value of the production method.
  • the reaction solution after the reaction contains the
  • reaction has a neutral to alkaline, at which the objective
  • heterocyclic mercapto compound is easily oxidized.
  • heterocyclic mercapto compounds represented by Formula (1) those having a lactone skeleton are more likely to be hydrolyzed. [ 0067 ]
  • preferable range of the pH is 2.0 to 6.0.
  • the acids to be added to the reaction solution after the reaction for pH adjustment include general-purpose inorganic
  • inorganic acids mineral acids
  • inorganic acids organic acids
  • hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid which are industrially easily available are more preferable.
  • hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid may be used singly or in combination of
  • the temperature is preferably kept at not more than 25°C in order to avoid hydrolysis in a localized low pH region.
  • the temperature is preferably kept at not more than
  • the lower limit of the temperature is not particularly limited as long as the
  • organic solvents used for the extraction include diethyl ether, MTBE, isopropyl ether, toluene, dichloromethane, 1, 2-dichloroethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, hexanol and octanol.
  • solvents may be suitably used. From the viewpoints of safety and easy industrial handling, one or more selected from the group
  • inorganic salts may be deposited in the reaction solution after the reaction. In this case, it is desirable that such inorganic salts are removed by centrifugal
  • the organic solvent in the extracted organic phase is distilled away. It is preferable that the temperature of the distillation solution during the distillation of the organic
  • solvent in the extracted organic phase is 100 0 C or less, preferably 70 0 C or less. Depending on the boiling point of the organic solvent used for the extraction, the solvent may be distilled under a reduced pressure. [0073] Evaporating the organic solvent used for the extraction
  • the reduced pressure is controlled so that the liquid
  • the objective compound is a crystallizable compound, it may be
  • HPLC chromatography analysis
  • pH meter Digital pH controller, , trade name: FD-02;
  • CE-108C manufactured by TGK
  • Example 1 Production of 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone 49 g (0.6 mol) of 70% sodium hydrosulfide (manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.) were dissolved in a mixture of 34 g of 1,2-dimethoxyethane (Guaranteed Reagent; manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL CO., LTD.) and 34 g of purified water (which had been distilled and passed through an ion exchange filter) at room temperature. While the resultant solution was cooled
  • Example 2 The procedures of Example 1 were repeated except that instead of 2-bromo-4-butyrolactone, 36 g (0.2 mol) of
  • reaction solution was stirred at 100 0 C for one hour.
  • the mixture was extracted by adding 200 g of ethyl acetate thereto.
  • the aqueous phase obtained by separating the organic phase was
  • the pH of the reaction solution was within the range of 7.6 to 8.9 from when the dropwise addition of 2-bromo-4-ethyl-4-butyrolactone was initiated to the stirring after the dropwise addition was completed.
  • Example 2 In substantially the same manner as in Example 1, the reaction was performed using 36.2 g (0.2 mol) of the above-produced 2-bromo-4-butyrothiolactone, and the reaction solution after the reaction was subjected to the pH adjustment, suction-filtration and extraction operations in the same manner as in Example 1, followed by the distillation-purification of the objective compound to obtain 21.4 g of 2-mercapto-4-butyrothiolactone (having a boiling point of
  • the pH of the reaction solution was within the range of 7.5 to 8.9 from when the dropwise
  • 6-hexanolactam (trade name: ⁇ -caprolactam; manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) were dissolved was added dropwise through a dropping funnel over 30 minutes while maintaining the temperature of the reaction
  • reaction solution was heated up to 45°C and stirred for 5.5 hours .
  • the reaction solution after the reaction was poured into 1000
  • the recovered benzene phase was
  • reaction was performed using 39 g of the above-produced crude crystal of 2-bromo-6-hexanolactam and the reaction solution
  • GUIRANTEED REAGENT 330 g of ethyl acetate (GUARANTEED REAGENT, manufactured by
  • reaction solution was within the range of 7.6 to 8.9 from when
  • reaction solution was elevated to 70 0 C and 200 g (1.25 mol) of bromine (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries Ltd. )
  • bromide (having a boiling point of 87 to 88°C/0.7 kPa; with a yield of 53%) .
  • the resultant solution was cooled with ice to 10 0 C or less and 26.4 g (0.66 mol) of 60% NaH in mineral oil (manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.) were gradually added thereto over approximately 15 minutes. After the completion of the addition,
  • the temperature of the resultant reaction solution was elevated to room temperature and the reaction solution was stirred for
  • the pH of the reaction solution was within the range of 7.6 to
  • the pH of the reaction solution was within the range of 7.6 to 8.9 from when the dropwise addition of 2-bromo-4-butyrolactam was initiated to the stirring after the dropwise addition was completed.
  • N-methoxy-2-bromo-4-butyrolactam was synthesized using 2, 4-dibromobutyric acid bromide by the following method similar to the method of Ikuta et . al. (Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 1987, 30., 1995-1998). [0101]
  • reaction solution so that the reaction temperature was 10 0 C or less .
  • the pH of the reaction solution was within the range of 7.5 to 8.9 from when the dropwise addition of N-methoxy-2-bromo-4-butyrolactam was initiated to the stirring after the dropwise addition was completed.
  • Examples 11 to 15 In substantially the same manner as in Example 1 except that the reaction was performed while the pH of the sodium hydrosulfide solution was preliminarily adjusted as described
  • a sodium hydrosulfide solution was prepared according to
  • reaction solution was within the range of 7.0 to 11.0 from when
  • SH 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone
  • Example 43 Production of 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone (using CaS) 43.3 g (0.6 mol) of calcium sulfide (manufactured by SIGMA-ALDRICH Corporation) were dissolved in a mixed solvent of 34 g of 1, 2-dimethoxyethane (Guaranteed Reagent; manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co. , Ltd. ) and 34 g of purified water (which had been distilled and passed through an ion exchange filter) at room temperature. . While the resultant

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Abstract

A method of the invention industrially produces heterocyclic mercapto compounds useful as raw materials or intermediates in the synthesis of medicaments or pesticides, or as permanent wave agent, with a high yield and high productivity using easily available starting materials. A heterocyclic mercapto compound represented by Formula (1) (wherein X represents any structure of -O-, -S-, -NH-, and -NR1-; R1 represents any of an alkyl group, alkoxy group and alkoxyalkyl group each having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Y represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or -NR2-; R2 represents a hydrogen atom or alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and Z1 represents a divalent organic residue having at least one mercapto group) is produced by reacting a metal sulfide or a metal hydrosulfide with a compound represented by Formula (2) (wherein X and Y are as defined in Formula (1); and Z2 represents a divalent organic residue having at least one halogen group) in the presence of a solvent at a pH of 7.0 to 11.0.

Description

DESCRIPTION
PRODUCTION METHOD OF HETEROCYCLIC MERCAPTO COMPOUND
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001]
The present invention relates to a method for effectively
producing a heterocyclic mercapto compound.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002]
Conventionally, mercapto compounds have been widely used as raw materials for synthesizing various medicines and pesticides. Especially, the usefulness of heterocyclic mercapto compounds as medicines is highly appreciated (Patent Document 2) , but there are industrial problems with respect to
the yields and the raw materials in the production thereof.
[0003]
More specifically, the heterocyclic mercapto compounds
are produced by reacting heterocyclic compounds with alkali
salts of thiocarboxylic acids or with thiourea. Prior to the
reaction, leaving substituents (for example, halogen group,
mesyl group, tosyl group) other than target substituents of substitution reaction are protected and, after the reaction, the protected substituents are deprotected (Non-patent Document 1, Patent Documents 1 to 3) . However, the production method using thiourea gives low yields of the objective compounds and
is not industrially practical (Patent Document 1) . Further, the
alkali salts of thiocarboxylic acids are expensive, and
therefore the production of the heterocyclic mercapto compounds therewith is unsatisfactory with respect to the industrial
practicability (Non-patent Document 1, Patent Documents 1 to 3) . In view of industrial practicability and costs, it is desirable that expensive sulfurizing agents represented by the alkali salts of thiocarboxylic acids be replaced by inexpensive sulfurizing agents such as metal sulfides and metal hydrosulfides . In the background art, however, use of sodium hydrosulfide as the sulfurizing agent has resulted in a low yield (Non-patent Document 1) .
[Patent Document 1] U.S. Patent No. 3328415
[Patent Document 2] JP-A-2002-543069
[Patent Document 3] JP-A-H04-103584
[Nonpatent Document 1] GEORG FUCH, "ARKIV FOR KEMI", 26 (1966)
(pages 111 to 116)
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION [0004]
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for industrially producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds
useful as raw materials or intermediates in the synthesis of medicines or pesticides and permanent wave agents, with a high
yield and high productivity using easily available raw
materials.
[0005]
The present inventors have made extensive and intensive
studies and have developed a method by which heterocyclic mercapto compounds can be easily produced from inexpensive and easily available raw materials . Thus, the present invention has been completed. That is, the present invention relates to the following [1] to [16] . [0006]
[I]A method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds
represented by Formula (1) : [0007]
Figure imgf000004_0001
[0008] wherein X represents any structure of -O-, -S-, -NH-, and -NR1-; R1 represents any of an alkyl group, alkoxy group and alkoxyalkyl group each having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Y represents
an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or -NR2-; R2 represents a hydrogen atom or alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and Z1 represents
a divalent organic residue having at least one mercapto group,
the method comprising reacting a metal sulfide or a metal
hydrosulfide with a compound represented by Formula (2) in the
presence of a solvent at a pH of 7.0 to 11.0: [0009]
Figure imgf000005_0001
[0010] wherein X and Y are as defined in Formula (1); and Z2 represents a divalent organic residue having at least one halogen group.
[0011]
[2] The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto
compounds according to [1] , wherein Z1 in Formula (1) is a
divalent organic residue having one mercapto group and the
mercapto group is directly bound to the carbon atom at the
2-position of the heterocyclic mercapto compound, and Z2 in Formula (2) is a divalent organic residue having one halogen group and the halogen group is directly bound to the carbon atom
at the 2-position of the compound represented by Formula (2). [0012]
[3] The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto
compounds according to [1], wherein the heterocyclic mercapto
compound represented by Formula (1) is a heterocyclic mercapto
compound selected from the group consisting of
2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone (2-mercapto-4-butanolide) ,
2-mercapto-4-methyl-4-butyrolactone, 2-mercapto-4-ethyl-4-butyrolactone,
2-mercapto-4-butyrothiolactone, 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam,
N-methoxy-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam,
N-ethoxy-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam,
N-methy1-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam, N-ethyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam,
N- (2-methoxy) ethyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam,
N- (2-ethoxy) ethyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam,
2-mercapto-5-valerolactone, 2-mercapto-5-valerolactam,
N-methy1-2-mercapto-5-valerolactam,
N-ethyl-2-mercapto-5-valerolactam,
N- (2-methoxy) ethyl-2-mercapto-5-valerolactam,
N- (2-ethoxy) ethyl-2-mercapto-5-valerolactam, and
2-mercapto-6-hexanolactam.
[0013] [4] The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds according to any one of [1] to [3] , wherein the metal
sulfide is an alkali metal sulfide, an alkaline earth metal
sulfide or a mixture thereof.
[0014]
[5] The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto
compounds according to any one of [1] to [3] , wherein the metal
sulfide is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of sodium sulfide, potassium sulfide, calcium sulfide
and magnesium sulfide.
[6] The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the metal hydrosulfide is sodium hydrosulfide or potassium hydrosulfide .
[0015] [7] The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds according to any one of [1] to [6] , wherein the solvent
is a mixed solvent of water and an organic solvent in which the
water: organic solvent weight ratio is 1:0.1-10.
[0016]
[8] The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto
compounds according to [7], wherein the organic solvent is one
or more solvents selected from the group consisting of methanol,
N-methylpyrrolidone, acetone, 1,4-dioxane, 1, 2-dimethoxyethane and N,N-dimethylformamide. [ 0017 ]
[9] The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the pH
is maintained in the aforementioned range by adding an inorganic
acid or an inorganic alkali to the reaction solution from the
start of the reaction to the completion of the reaction.
[10] The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto
compounds according to any one of [1] to [9] , wherein the reaction
is performed at not more than 400C. [0018]
[11] The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds according to any one of [1] to [10] , wherein the reaction is performed by dissolving or dispersing the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide in the solvent and adding the compound represented by Formula (2) to the resultant solution or slurry while controlling the temperature of the solution or
slurry in the range of -20 to 40°C. [0019]
[12] The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto
compounds according to any one of [1] to [11] , wherein the
reaction is performed by dissolving or dispersing the metal
sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide in the solvent; adjusting the pH of the resultant solution or slurry in the range of 7.5 to
11.0; and adding the compound represented by Formula (2) to the solution or slurry.
[0020]
[13] The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto
compounds according to [12] , wherein the pH of the solution or
slurry of the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide is achieved
by adding an inorganic acid to the solution or slurry while
controlling the temperature of the solution or slurry at not
more than 400C.
[0021] [14] The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds according to any one of [1] to [13] , wherein the equivalent ratio of the compound represented by Formula (2) to the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide is 1:0.8-5.0.
[15] The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compound according to any one of [1] to [14] , further comprising
adjusting the pH of the reaction solution in the range of 2.0 to 6.0 after the completion of the reaction.
[0022]
[16] The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto
compounds according to [15], wherein the pH of the reaction
solution after the reaction is achieved by adding an inorganic
acid thereto after the completion of the reaction.
[0023]
According to the production method of the present invention, heterocyclic mercapto compounds represented by
Formula (1) can be obtained with a high yield and high productivity. Further, since the production method of the
present invention does not involve steps for protecting
substituents with protective groups and deprotecting such
protected substituents, the heterocyclic mercapto compound can
be produced through a reduced number of steps when compared to conventional methods. Moreover, the production method of the present invention is applicable to halogenoheterocyclic compounds having various substituents, and thus is extremely useful as an industrial production method.
PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION [0024] Hereinafter, the present invention will be more
specifically described.
<Heterocyclic mercapto compounds>
The heterocyclic mercapto compounds obtainable by the
production method of the present invention are represented by
Formula (1) :
[0025]
Figure imgf000011_0001
[ 0026 ] wherein X represents any structure of -0-, -S-, -NH- or
-NR1-; R1 represents any of an alkyl group, alkoxy group and alkoxyalkyl group each having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Y represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom atom or -NR2-; R2 represents a hydrogen atom or alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and Z1 represents a divalent organic residue having at least one mercapto group. [0027]
In Formula (1), X represents any structure of -0-, -S-,
-NH- or -NR1-. R1 represents any of an alkyl group, alkoxy group or alkoxyalkyl group each having 1 to 6 carbon atoms . Among them,
alkyl groups, alkoxy groups and alkoxyalkyl groups each having
1 to 4 carbon atoms are preferred, and methyl group, ethyl group,
methoxy group, ethoxy group, methoxyethyl group and ethoxyethyl
group are more preferred from the viewpoints of industrial
availability of raw materials and handling.
[0028] In Formula (1) , Y represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or -NR2-. R2 represents a hydrogen atom or alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms . Among them, a hydrogen atom, methyl group
and ethyl group are preferred as R2 from the viewpoints of
industrial availability of raw materials and handling. Among
above listed, an oxygen atom is more preferred from the
viewpoints of industrial availability of raw material and
handling.
In Formula (1), Z1 represents a divalent organic residue having at least one mercapto group (-SH) . Z1 may has one or more mercapto groups, and more preferably has one mercapto group. The organic residue Z1 is preferably what one or more mercapto groups are bound to a hydrocarbon group, and may have a branched chain or a side chain. Examples of the side chains include alkyl
groups and alkenyl groups. [0029]
Preferred examples of such divalent organic residues
include alkylene groups to which at least one mercapto group
is bound. The mercapto group may be bound to any position of
the alkylene group without limitation. The mercapto group may
be bound to the alkylene group either directly or via another
alkylene group or the like (for example, the mercaptoethyl group
may be bound to a carbon atom of the alkylene group) .
However, when the mercapto group is directly bound to the
alkylene group, it is less mobile than when it is bound via any group. When using the compound of Formula (1) as a permanent wave agent, the reactivity of the mercapto group of it to the cystine bonds in hair is enhanced. Thus, it is preferable that
the mercapto group is directly bound to the alkylene group.
When the mercapto group is bound directly to the alkylene
group, it is preferable that the mercapto group is bound to the carbon atom at the 2-position of the heterocyclic mercapto
compound represented by Formula (1) from the viewpoint of easy substitution of the halogen group at the position in the raw material compound with the mercapto group. The "carbon atom at the 2-position" refers to the first carbon atom from the carbon atom to which Y is bonded, on the side opposite to the substituent -X- in Formula (1) . This definition also applies to the "carbon atom at the 2-position" in Formula (2) . The alkylene groups desirably have 2 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 7 carbon atoms in the main chain. Examples of the side chains which may
be present in the alkylene groups include alkyl groups and
alkenyl groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
[0030]
Examples of the compounds represented by Formula (1) which
are producible by the production method of the present invention
include 2-mercapto-3-propiolactone,
2-mercapto-2-methyl-3-propiolactone, 2-mercapto-3-methyl-3-propiolactone, 2-mercapto-3-ethyl-3-propiolactone,
2-mercapto-2, 3-dimethyl-3-propiolactone,
2-mercapto-3-propiolactam,
2-mercapto-2-methyl-3-propiolactam,
2-mercapto-3-methyl-3-propiolactam,
2-mercapto-3-ethyl-3-propiolactam,
2-mercapto-2 , 3-dimethyl-3-propiolactam,
2-mercapto-3-propiothiolactone,
2-mercapto-2-methyl-3-propiothiolactone, 2-mercapto-3-methyl-3-propiothiolactone,
2-mercapto-3-ethyl-3-propiothiolactone,
2-mercapto-2, S-dimethyl-S-propiothiolactone,
[0031]
3-mercapto-4-butyrolactone, 2, 3-dimercapto-4-butyrolactone,
2, 4-dimercapto-4-butyrolactone,
3, 4-dimercapto-4-butyrolactone,
3-mercapto-4-butyrothiolactone, 3-mercapto-4-butyrolactam,
2, 3-dimercapto-4-butyrolactam, 2, 4-dimercapto-4-butyrolactam,
3, 4-dimercapto-4-butyrolactam,
[0032]
2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone (otherwise referred to
2-mercapto-4-butanolide) ,
2-mercapto-2-methyl-4,.4-dimethyl-4-butyrolactone, 2-mercapto-3- (2-propenyl) -4-butyrolactone, 2-mercapto-4-methyl-4-butyrolactone, 2-mercapto-2-methyl-4-butyrolactone,
2-mercapto-3-methyl-4-butyrolactone,
2-mercapto-4-methyl-4-butyrolactone,
2-mercapto-3, 4-dimethyl-4-butyrolactone,
2-mercapto-2-ethyl-4-butyrolactone,
2-mercapto-3-ethyl-4-butyrolactone, 2-mercapto-4-ethyl-4-butyrolactone, 2-mercapto-4-butyrothiolactone,
2-mercapto-2-methyl-4-butyrothiolactone, 2-mercapto-3-methyl-4-butyrothiolactone, 2-mercapto-4-methyl-4-butyrothiolactone, 2-mercapto-3, 4-dimethyl-4-butyrothiolactone, 2-mercapto-2-ethyl-4-butyrothiolactone, 2-mercapto-3-ethyl-4-butyrothiolactone,
2-mercapto-4-ethyl-4-butyrothiolactone,
2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam,
2-mercapto-2-methyl-4-butyrolactam,
2-mercapto-3-methyl-4-butyrolactam,
2-mercapto-4-methyl-4-butyrolactam,
2-mercapto-3, 4-dimethyl-4-butyrolactam,
2-mercapto-2-ethyl-4-butyrolactam, 2-mercapto-3-ethyl-4-butyrolactam, 2-mercapto-4-ethyl-4-butyrolactam,
[0033]
3-mercapto-5-valerolactone, 4-mercapto-5-valerolactone,
2, S-dimercapto-S-valerolactone,
2, 4-dimercapto-5-valerolactone,
2, δ-dimercapto-S-valerolactone,
3, 4-dimercapto-5-valerolactone,
3-mercapto-5-valerothiolactone, 3-mercapto-5-valerolactam,
4-mercapto-5-valerolactam, 2, S-dimercapto-δ-valerolactam, 2, 4-dimercapto-5-valerolactam,
2, S-dimercapto-δ-valerolactam,
[0034]
2-mercapto-5-valerolactone,
2-mercapto-2-methyl-5-valerolactone, 2-mercapto-3-methyl-5-valerolactone,
2-mercapto-4-methyl-5-valerolactone,
2-mercapto-5-methyl-5-valerolactone,
2-mercapto-2-ethyl-5-valerolactone,
2-mercapto-3-ethyl-5-valerolactone/
2-mercapto-4-ethyl-5-valerolactone,
2-mercapto-5-ethyl-5-valerolactone,
2-mercapto-5-valerolactam,
2-mercapto-2-methyl-5-valerolactam,
2-mercapto-3-methyl-5-valerolactam, 2-mercapto-4-methyl-5-valerolactam,
2-mercapto-5-methyl-5-valerolactam,
2-mercapto-2-ethyl-5-valerolactam,
2-mercapto-3-ethyl-5-valerolactam,
2-mercapto-4-ethyl-5-valerolactam,
2-mercapto-5-ethyl-5-valerolactam,
2-mercapto-5-valerothiolactone,
2-mercapto-2-methyl-5-valerothiolactone,
2-mercapto-3-methyl-5-valerothiolactone, 2-mercapto-4-methyl-5-valerothiolactone,
2-mercapto-5-methyl-5-valerothiolactone,
2-mercapto-2-ethyl-5-valerothiolactone,
2-mercapto-3-ethyl-5-valerothiolactone,
2-mercapto-4-ethyl-5-valerothiolactone, 2-mercapto-5-ethyl-5-valerothiolactone,
[0035]
3-mercapto-6-hexanolactone, 4-mercapto-6-hexanolactone,
5-mercapto-6-hexanolactone, 2, 3-dimercapto-β-hexanolactone,
2, 4-dimercapto-6-hexanolactone,
2, 5-dimercapto-β-hexanolactone, 3-mercapto-β-hexanolactam,
4-mercapto-6-hexanolactam, 5-mercapto-6-hexanolactam,
2, 3-dimercapto-6-hexanolactam, 2, 4-dimercapto-6-hexanolactam,
2, 5-dimercapto-β-hexanolactam,
[0036] 2-mercapto-6-hexanolactone,
2-mercapto-2-methyl-6-hexanolactone,
2-mercapto-3-methyl-6-hexanolactone,
2-mercapto-4-methyl-6-hexanolactone,
2-mercapto-5-methyl-6-hexanolactone,
2-mercapto-6-methyl-6-hexanolactone,
2-mercapto-6-hexanolactam,
2-mercapto-2-methyl-6-hexanolactam,
2-mercapto-3-methyl-6-hexanolactam, 2-mercapto-4-methyl-6-hexanolactam,
2-mercapto-5-methyl-6-hexanolactam,
2-mercapto-6-methyl-6-hexanolactam,
2-mercapto-6-hexanothiolactone,
2-mercapto-2-methyl-6-hexanothiolactone, 2-mercapto-3-methyl-6-hexanothiolactone,
2-mercapto-4-methyl-6-hexanothiolactone,
2-mercapto-5-methyl-6-hexanothiolactone,
2-mercapto-6-methyl-6-hexanothiolactone,
[0037]
2-mercapto-7-heptanolactone,
2-mercapto-7-heptanothiolactone, 2-mercapto-7-heptanolactam,
2-mercapto-8-octanolactone, 2-mercapto-8-octanothiolactone,
2-mercapto-8-octanolactam,
[0038] 2-mercapto-9-nonalactone, 2-mercapto-9-nonathiolactone,
2-mercapto-9-nonalactam, and N-alkyl derivatives of these
lactams, (for example, N-methyl or N-ethyl derivatives) ,
N-alkoxy derivatives (for example, N-methoxy or N-ethoxy
derivatives) and N-alkoxyalkyl derivatives (for example,
N- (2-methoxy) ethyl or N- (2-ethoxy) ethyl derivatives).
[0039]
Among them, the production method of the present invention
is suitably applied to the industrial production of 3-mercapto-4-butyrolactone, 2, 3-dimercapto-4-butyrolactone,
2, 4-dimercapto-4-butyrolactone, 3-mercapto-4-butyrolactam,
2, 3-dimercapto-4-butyrolactam, 2, 4-dimercapto-4-butyrolactam,
2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone (2-mercapto-4-butanolide) ,
2-mercapto-4-methyl-4-butyrolactone, 2-mercapto-4-ethyl-4-butyrolactone,
2-mercapto-4-butyrothiolactone, 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam,
N-methoxy-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam,
N-ethoxy-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam,
N-methyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam,
N-ethyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam,
N- (2-methoxy) ethyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam,
N- (2-ethoxy) ethyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam,
[0040]
2, 3-dimercapto-5-valerolactone, 2, 4-dimercapto-5-valerolactone,
2, δ-dimercapto-S-valerolactone, S-mercapto-S-valerolactam, 4-mercapto-5-valerolactam, 2, S-dimercapto-δ-valerolactam,
2, 4-dimercapto-5-valerolactam, 2, S-dimercapto-δ-valerolactam,
2-mercapto-5-valerolactone, 2-mercapto-5-valerolactam,
N-methyl-2-mercapto-5-valerolactam,
N-ethyl-2-mercapto-5-valerolactam, N- (2-methoxy) ethyl-2-mercapto-5-valerolactam, N- (2-ethoxy) ethyl-2-mercapto-5-valerolactam, and 2-mercapto-6-hexanolactam. [0041]
Further, among them, the production method of the present invention is more suitably applied to the industrial production of 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone (2-mercapto-4-butanolide) , 2-mercapto-4-methyl-4-butyrolactone, 2-mercapto-4-ethyl-4-butyrolactone,
2-mercapto-4-butyrothiolactone, 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam,
N-methoxy-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam,
N-ethoxy-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam,
N-methyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam,
N-ethyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam,
N- (2-methoxy) ethyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam, N- (2-ethoxy) ethyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam,
2-mercapto-5-valerolactone, 2-mercapto-5-valerolactam, N-methyl-2-mercapto-5-valerolactam,
N-ethyl-2-mercapto-5-valerolactam,
N- (2-methoxy) ethyl-2-raercapto-5-valerolactam,
N- (2-ethoxy) ethyl-2-mercapto-5-valerolactam, and
2-mercapto-6-hexanolactam.
[0042]
<Halogenoheterocyclic compound>
In the production method of the present invention, the halogenoheterocyclic compound used as a raw material for producing the heterocyclic mercapto compound is represented by Formula (2) : [0043]
Figure imgf000021_0001
[0044]
wherein X and Y are as defined in Formula (1) ; and Z2
represents a divalent organic residue having at least one halogen
group.
The halogenoheterocyclic compound represented by Formula
(2) is reacted with a metal sulfide or a metal hydrosulfide to
form the heterocyclic mercapto compound represented by Formula (1) . Hence, X and Y in Formula (2) are the same as X and Y in
the objective compound of Formula (1), respectively.
[0045]
In Formula (2), Z2 is different from Z1 in Formula (1) and
represents a divalent organic residue having at least one halogen
group (any of -F, -Cl, -Br, -I and -At in the present invention) .
The halogen group of Z2 is substituted in the reaction of the
halogenoheterocyclic compound with the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide, and consequently the mercapto group is introduced in the heterocyclic compound as shown in Formula (1) . Therefore, the number and position of the halogen group (s) correspond to those of the mercapto group (s) of Z1 in Formula (1) , and Z2 and Z1 are different from each other only in whether they have the halogen group or the mercapto group. In other words, Z2 except the halogen group is the same as Z1 except the mercapto
group. [0046]
Therefore, the compound represented by Formula (2) may be
appropriately selected so that substituting the halogen group
with the mercapto group will produce the objective compound
represented by Formula (1). For example, when
2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone is to be produced, the compound
represented by Formula (2) may be selected from any of 2-chloro-4-butyrolactone, 2-bromo-4-butyrolactone and 2-iodo-4-butyrolactone . Also, when
2, S-dimercapto-S-valerolactam is to be produced, the compound
represented by Formula (2) may be selected from any of 2, 3-dichloro-5-valerolactam, 2, 3-dibromo-5-valerolactam,
2, 3-diiodo-5-valerolactam.
[0047]
Of the halogen groups, -Br is preferred from the viewpoints
of reactivity and availability.
The halogenoheterocyclic compounds represented by Formula (2) are commercially available or may be produced by known methods. For example, the halogenoheterocyclic compounds represented by Formula (2) may be synthesized from commercially available lactone derivatives, thiolactone derivatives or cyclic ketone derivatives by any of the methods described in U.S. Patent No. 4247468, "J. Med. Chem. 1987. 30. 1995-1998", "Tetrahedron Asymmetry 2003. 14. 2587-2594", "Tetrahedron
Letters 2005. 46. 3041-3044", and the like. [0048]
<Metal sulfide or Metal hydrosulfide>
According to the production method of the present
invention, the objective heterocyclic mercapto compound
(represented by Formula (I)) may be produced by the reaction of the corresponding halogenoheterocyclic compound
(represented by Formula (2) ) with the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide. [0049]
Examples of the metal sulfides include alkali metal
sulfides and alkaline earth metal sulfides, and preferred
examples include sodium sulfide, potassium sulfide, magnesium
sulfide and calcium sulfide. Among them, sodium sulfide and
potassium sulfide are more preferred since they are inexpensive
and industrially easily available. [0050] Examples of the metal hydrosulfides include alkali metal hydrosulfides . Sodium hydrosulfide and potassium hydrosulfide are preferred since they are inexpensive and industrially easily available. [0051] <Solvent>
Examples of the solvents used for the reaction of the
compound of Formula (2) with the metal sulfide or the metal
hydrosulfide include water; monoalcohols, such as methanol,
ethanol and isopropanol; polyhydric alcohols, such as propylene
glycol; ketones, such as acetone and methylethyl ketone; ethers,
such as 1,4-dioxane, 1, 2-dimethoxyethane, methyl-tert-butyl
ether (MTBE) , tetrahydrofuran (THF) and diethyl ether; esters,
such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate; N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) ; and N-methylpyrrolidone. These solvents are used singly or in combination of two or more kinds. Among them, in view of the reaction yield and the separation of by-products derived
from solvent, it is more preferable to use one or more solvents
selected from the group of water, methanol, acetone, 1,4-dioxane,
1,2-dimethoxyethane, MTBE, THF, diethyl ether, DMF and
N-methylpyrrolidone .
[0052]
The smaller the amount of the solvent used is, the more easily a side reaction takes place, possibly resulting in a reduced yield of the heterocyclic mercapto compound represented by Formula (1) . Although increasing the amount of the solvent suppresses a side reaction and improves the yield of the heterocyclic mercapto compound represented by Formula (1) , it also dilutes the concentration of the reaction solution and the productivity can be lowered. Therefore, the amount of the
solvent is preferably determined balancing the yield with the productivity. Specifically, the solvent may be used in an
amount of 100 to 2000 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by
mass of the halogenoheterocyclic compound represented by Formula
(2).
[0053]
When two or more of the above solvents are used in
combination, a mixed solvent of water and the organic solvent is preferred. From the viewpoint of improving the yield of the objective compound, water is preferably used in combination with one or more organic solvents selected from the group of methanol,
N-methylpyrrolidone, acetone, 1,4-dioxane,
1, 2-dimethoxyethane, THF and N,N-dimethylformamide, and is more
preferably used in combination with 1, 2-dimethoxyethane.
[0054]
The mixing ratio of water to the organic solvent (weight
ratio of water : organic solvent) is preferably 1:0.1-10, more preferably 1:0.1-7.0, still more preferably 1:0.1-5.0. [0055]
<pH during the reaction>
The reaction of the halogenoheterocyclic compound represented by Formula (2) with the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide is suitably performed by bringing the halogenoheterocyclic compound and the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide into contact with each other in the presence of
the solvent. Preferably, the metal sulfide or the metal
hydrosulfide is dissolved or dispersed in the solvent and the
halogenoheterocyclic compound is brought into contact with the
resultant solution or slurry.
[0056]
The solution or slurry of the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide has a pH of around 14 without pH adjustment.
However, it is important that during the reaction of the halogenoheterocyclic compound with the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide, the pH of the reaction solution is maintained at 7.0 to 11.0 and the reaction is performed under this pH range.
The pH of the reaction solution is preferably 7.0 to 10.0, more
preferably 7.0 to 9.5. When the pH is less than 7.0, the
conversion of the raw material is not increased and the yield
tends to be low. When the pH is more than 11.0, the produced objective compound is decomposed by a side reaction and the yield tends to be low. [0057]
The pH of the reaction solution may be measured using a commercially available pH meter. The pH measurement may be performed at the temperature of the reaction solution as it is, without the need of changing the temperature of the reaction solution. In other words, in the present invention, the pH of
the reaction solution is measured at the temperature as it is during the reaction.
The pH of the reaction solution may be adjusted by any of
the following:
(i) An acid is added beforehand to the solution or slurry
of the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide in expectation
of pH change of the reaction solution in the reaction of the
halogenoheterocyclic compound with the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide, by which the pH of the solution or slurry is adjusted before the reaction.
(ii) The reaction is performed while an acid or an alkali is added to the reaction solution.
(iii) The operations (i) and (ii) are worked together.
[0058]
When the solution or slurry of the metal sulfide or the
metal hydrosulfide is pH-adjusted beforehand, it is preferred
that the pH is adjusted such that the pH of the reaction solution is in the aforementioned range during and after the addition of the halogenoheterocyclic compound.
In other words, the pH is desirably adjusted in expectation of a pH of the reaction solution being lowered during the reaction. More specifically, the pH of the solution or slurry of the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide is suitably adjusted to 7.5 to 11.0, preferably 8.0 to 10.0.
This preliminary pH adjustment permits the pH of the
reaction solution to be in the range of 7.0 to 11.0 during the
reaction, and consequently the heterocyclic mercapto compound
represented by Formula (1) is produced with a high yield.
Acids used for the pH adjustment, include inorganic acids
and organic acids, with the inorganic acids (mineral acids) being
preferable from the viewpoint of no organic by-products
generated. Of the inorganic acids, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid which are industrially easily available are more preferable. In this case, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid may be used singly or in combination of
two or more kinds . [0059]
When the pH is adjusted before the reaction, the
temperature of the solution or slurry of the metal sulfide or
the metal hydrosulfide is preferably maintained at 40°C or less, more preferably 25°C or less, still more preferably 15°C or less during the pH adjustment. The lower limit of the temperature depends on the type of the used solvent and is not particularly limited. In general, the temperature is suitably maintained at
not less than -200C. In this case, the measurement of the pH may be performed at that temperature. [0060] When the pH of the reaction solution is adjusted to 7.0 to 11.0 during the reaction, the pH fluctuation is read using
a pH meter in the reaction solution, and an acid or an alkali
is added appropriately to maintain the pH within the
above-mentioned range.
Inorganic acids and organic acids may be used as
aforementioned acids, with the inorganic acids (mineral acids)
being preferable from the viewpoint of no organic by-products generated. Of the inorganic acids, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric
acid and nitric acid which are industrially easily available are more preferable. In this case, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid may be used singly or in combination of
two or more kinds.
Suitable alkalis for the pH adjustment include inorganic
alkalis which are generally used in the industry. Preferable
examples of the alkalis include aqueous solutions of sodium
hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium hydrosulfide, sodium sulfide, potassium sulfide and potassium
hydrosulfide. [0061]
During the pH adjustment, a hydrogen sulfide gas is generated by the neutralization. In order that the hydrogen sulfide gas is prevented from being released out of the reaction system, that the total amount of acid required for the pH adjustment is suppressed and that the yield in the main reaction is improved, it is preferred to use a closed reactor.
[0062]
<Reaction operation>
The method of the addition of the halogenoheterocyclic
compound represented by Formula (2) to the solution or slurry
of the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide is illustrated.
When the halogenoheterocyclic compound is liquid at normal
temperature, such as 2-halogeno-4-butyrolactone, 2-halogeno-4-thiolactone, 2-halogeno-4-ethyl-4-butyrolactone or 2-halogeno-4-methyl-4-butyrolactone, the
halogenoheterocyclic compound may be added after being diluted with a solvent or may be added without dilution. In order to
suppress a side reaction due to a localized concentration
gradient, the halogenoheterocyclic compound is preferably added after being diluted with a solvent. For a similar reason, the
halogenoheterocyclic compound which is solid at normal
temperature is preferably added after being diluted with a solvent. Preferred examples of the solvents used for the dilution include the above-mentioned organic solvents used for the reaction, and one or more of the organic solvents may be used. It is advisable that the halogenoheterocyclic compound is dissolved in the organic solvent and the resultant solution is added to the solution or slurry of the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide.
[0063]
The temperature at which the halogenoheterocyclic
compound represented by Formula (2) is added to the solution
or slurry of the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide greatly
affects the yield of the objective heterocyclic mercapto
compound. Accordingly, it is preferable that the solution or
slurry of the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide is cooled
beforehand, and the halogenoheterocyclic compound represented by Formula (2) is added thereto while cooling the reaction solution during the reaction. Herein, the temperature of the
reaction solution is usually 4O0C or less, preferably 25°C or less, more preferably 15°C or less, still more preferably 5°C or less. Although the lower limit of the temperature is not
particularly limited, the temperature is suitably not less than
-200C in view of the productivity of the objective compound. [0064]
It is desirable that the reaction system is maintained at
a temperature of not more than 400C throughout the operations from the above-mentioned addition of the raw material to the completion of the reaction of the halogenoheterocyclic compound represented by Formula (2) with the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide. The reaction of the halogenoheterocyclic compound represented by Formula (2) with the solution or slurry of the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide preferably takes place at a pressure of 0.09 to 0.50 MPa, more preferably 0.10
to 0.30 MPa. When the pressure is less than 0.09 MPa, the
selectivity of the objective compound tends to be low. On the
other hand, when the pressure is more than 0.50 MPa, a special
reactor is required, which is not suitable for the industrial
production.
[0065]
In the above-mentioned reaction, the equivalent ratio of the halogenoheterocyclic compound represented by Formula (2) to the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide
(halogenoheterocyclic compound:metal sulfide or metal hydrosulfide) is preferably 1:0.8-5.0, more preferably
1:1.0-5.0. When the equivalent ratio of the metal sulfide or
the metal hydrosulfide to the halogenoheterocyclic compound is
less than the lower limit of the above-mentioned value, the yield
of the objective heterocyclic mercapto compound represented by
Formula (1) may decrease. Although the equivalent ratio of the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide to the halogenoheterocyclic compound being more than 5.0 leads to a high reaction yield, the cost for the disposal of the excessive metal sulfide or metal hydrosulfide is increased, and the pH adjustment of the reaction solution requires a large amount of acid to lower the concentration of the reaction solution, often resulting in deteriorated productivity and low industrial value of the production method.
[0066]
The reaction solution after the reaction contains the
heterocyclic mercapto compound represented by Formula (1) and
a thiolate anion thereof. The reaction solution after the
reaction has a neutral to alkaline, at which the objective
heterocyclic mercapto compound is easily oxidized. Among the
heterocyclic mercapto compounds represented by Formula (1), those having a lactone skeleton are more likely to be hydrolyzed. [ 0067 ]
In order to suppress the reduction of the yield due to the oxidation, it is preferable that an acid is added to the reaction
solution after the reaction to adjust the pH more acidic,
followed by recovering and purifying operations. Herein, the
preferable range of the pH is 2.0 to 6.0.
[0068]
The acids to be added to the reaction solution after the reaction for pH adjustment include general-purpose inorganic
acids and organic acids, with the inorganic acids (mineral acids) being preferable from the viewpoint of no organic by-products generated. Of the inorganic acids, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid which are industrially easily available are more preferable. In this case, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid may be used singly or in combination of
two or more kinds.
During the pH adjustment, it is advisable to add the acid
while keeping the temperature of the reaction solution at not
more than 25°C in order to avoid hydrolysis in a localized low pH region. The temperature is preferably kept at not more than
15°C, more preferably not more than 5°C. When the temperature
exceeds 25°C, hydrolysis is likely to occur. The lower limit of the temperature is not particularly limited as long as the
pH adjustment can be performed without the reaction solution being frozen. [0069]
Next, the operations for recovering and purifying the
objective heterocyclic mercapto compound are described.
After the reaction solution is pH adjusted after the
reaction as described above, an organic solvent which is not
compatible with the reaction solution is added to the reaction
solution and thereby the organic phase which includes the heterocyclic mercapto compound represented by Formula (1) is extracted. [0070]
Examples of the organic solvents used for the extraction include diethyl ether, MTBE, isopropyl ether, toluene, dichloromethane, 1, 2-dichloroethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, hexanol and octanol. One or more of these
solvents may be suitably used. From the viewpoints of safety and easy industrial handling, one or more selected from the group
of MTBE, chloroform, ethyl acetate and butyl acetate may be
suitably used.
[0071]
Depending on the type and amount of the used solvent, the
amount of the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide used and
the like in the reaction, inorganic salts may be deposited in the reaction solution after the reaction. In this case, it is desirable that such inorganic salts are removed by centrifugal
separation or suction filtration before the extraction operation. It is advisable to wash a cake in a centrifugal separator or
on a suction filtration funnel with the organic solvent used
for the extraction.
[0072]
Next, the organic solvent in the extracted organic phase is distilled away. It is preferable that the temperature of the distillation solution during the distillation of the organic
solvent in the extracted organic phase is 1000C or less, preferably 700C or less. Depending on the boiling point of the organic solvent used for the extraction, the solvent may be distilled under a reduced pressure. [0073] Evaporating the organic solvent used for the extraction
results in a solution which contains the heterocyclic mercapto
compound represented by Formula (1) . The heterocyclic mercapto
compound may be separated and purified directly by column
chromatography. When the compound of the Formula (1) is liquid,
it may be purified by distillation. When the compound is
purified by distillation, it is preferable that the distillation
is performed under a reduced pressure which is controlled so
that the liquid temperature will be maintained at not more than
2000C, whereby the thermal decomposition of the objective heterocyclic mercapto compound is prevented. Particularly
preferably, the reduced pressure is controlled so that the liquid
temperature is maintained at not more than 1500C. When the objective compound is a crystallizable compound, it may be
purified by recrystallization.
EXAMPLES [0074]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be more specifically described referring to the following Examples which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
In the following Examples, unless otherwise specified, "%" means "% by mass". [0075]
In the following Examples, the high performance liquid
chromatography analysis (hereinafter, abbreviated as "HPLC")
was performed under the following conditions.
Column: Shodex NN-814, manufactured by SHOWA DENKO K.K.;
having length of 20 cm and inner diameter of 0.5 cm
Column temperature: 400C
Eluent: 0.1% H3PO4, 8 InM-KH2PO4
Flow rate: 1.5 mL/min
Detection: RI, UV (detecting wavelength: 210 nm) Also in the following Examples, the pH was measured using
the following pH meter. pH meter: Digital pH controller, , trade name: FD-02;
manufactured by TGK pH meter electrode: electrode for pH controller, trade
name: CE-108C; manufactured by TGK
[0076] [Example 1] Production of 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone 49 g (0.6 mol) of 70% sodium hydrosulfide (manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.) were dissolved in a mixture of 34 g of 1,2-dimethoxyethane (Guaranteed Reagent; manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL CO., LTD.) and 34 g of purified water (which had been distilled and passed through an ion exchange filter) at room temperature. While the resultant solution was cooled
with ice (to 100C or less) and under normal pressure (about 0.10MPa), 18 g of hydrochloric acid (GUARANTEED REAGENT, 35%
to 37%; manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.) were added
with stirring the solution to adjust the pH of the solution to
8.9. While the solution was maintained at a temperature of 100C or less, 34 g (0.2 mol) of 2-bromo-4-butyrolactone (manufactured
by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) were added dropwise into
the solution over approximately 20 minutes. The reaction solution after the completion of the dropwise addition was stirred for 2 minutes . The pH of the reaction solution was within
the range of 7.5 to 8.9 from when the dropwise addition of 2-bromo-4-butyrolactone was initiated to the stirring after the
dropwise addition was completed. [0077]
Thereafter, while the solution was cooled at 100C or less, 24 g of hydrochloric acid were added to the solution over
approximately 5 minutes to adjust the pH of the solution to 4.0. An inorganic salt precipitated in the solution was removed by suction filtration, and 20 g of ethyl acetate (GUARANTEED REAGENT; manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.) were added to the resultant filtrate to extract the organic phase. The resultant aqueous phase was reextracted with 34 g of ethyl acetate. These extracted organic phases were combined. The organic phase was concentrated and purified by distillation
under a reduced pressure to give 19 g of
2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone (having a boiling point of 94°C/0.3 kPa; with a yield of 78%) .
[0078]
[Example 2]
Production of 2-mercapto-4-methyl-4-butyrolactone
The procedures of Example 1 were repeated except that instead of 2-bromo-4-butyrolactone, 36 g (0.2 mol) of
2-bromo-4-methyl-4-butyrolactone (manufactured by SIGMA-ALDRICH Corporation) were used. Consequently, 20 g of 2-mercapto-4-methyl-4-butyrolactone (having a boiling point of
73°C/0.4 kPa; with a yield of 77%) were synthesized. The pH of the reaction solution was within the range of 7.4 to 8.9 from
when the dropwise addition of 2-bromo-4-methyl-4-butyrolactone
was initiated to the stirring after the dropwise addition was
completed. [0079] [Example 3] Production of 2-mercapto-4-ethyl-4-butyrolactone (1) Production of 2-bromo-4-ethyl-4-butyrolactone
To46g (0.4 mol) of 4-ethyl-4-butyrolactone (manufactured by SIGMA-ALDRICH Corporation), 2 g (0.07 mol) of 90% phosphorus tribromide (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries Co., Ltd.) were added at room temperature and the resultant mixture was stirred for 10 minutes. The reaction solution was heated
up to 100°C, and 64 g (0.4 mol) of bromine (manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.) were added dropwise thereinto through a
dropping funnel over one hour. After the completion of the
dropwise addition, the reaction solution was stirred at 1000C for one hour.
[0080]
The reaction solution after the reaction was cooled to room
temperature, and 100 g of water were gradually added thereto and the resultant mixture was stirred for 10 minutes. Further,
the mixture was extracted by adding 200 g of ethyl acetate thereto. The aqueous phase obtained by separating the organic phase was
reextracted with 90 g of ethyl acetate. [0081]
These extracted organic phases were combined and the
resultant organic phase was dried by anhydrous sodium sulfate (manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co. , Ltd. ) . The organic phase from which the sodium sulfate was filtered off was concentrated and distilled under a reduced pressure to give 50 g of 2-bromo-4-ethyl-4-butyrolactone (having a boiling point of
104°C/0.4 kPa; with a yield of 65%). (2) Production of 2-mercapto-4-ethyl-4-butyrolactone
In substantially the same manner as in Example 1 except that 39 g (0.2 mol) of the above 2-bromo-4-ethyl-4-butyrolactone were used instead of 2-bromo-4-butyrolactone, the reaction was performed and the reaction solution after the reaction was
subjected to the pH adjustment, suction-filtration and
extraction operations in the same manner as in Example 1,
followed by the distillation-purification of the objective
compound to obtain 22 g of 2-mercapto-4-ethyl-4-butyrolactone
(having a boiling point of 91°C/0.4 kPa; with a yield of 75%) . The pH of the reaction solution was within the range of 7.6 to 8.9 from when the dropwise addition of 2-bromo-4-ethyl-4-butyrolactone was initiated to the stirring after the dropwise addition was completed. [0082]
[Example 4]
Production of 2-mercapto-4-butyrothiolactone
(1) Production of 2-bromo-4-butyrothiolactone
100 g (0.98 mol) of 4-butyrothiolactone (manufactured by SIGMA-ALDRICH Corporation) were dissolved in 90 g of ethyl acetate (manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.) and the
resultant solution was heated up to 63°C. Into the solution, 18Og (1.1 mol) of bromine (manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co. , Ltd.) were added dropwise through a dropping funnel over 15 minutes. After the completion of the dropwise addition, the
reaction solution was stirred at 63°C for 24 hours. [0083]
After the reaction solution after the completion of the
reaction was cooled to room temperature, 500 g of water were
gradually added thereto and the resultant mixture was stirred
for 10 minutes. Further, the mixture was extracted by adding
1000 g of ethyl acetate thereto.
The aqueous phase obtained by separating the organic phase
was reextracted with 900 g of ethyl acetate.
These extracted organic phases were combined and the resultant organic phase was dried by anhydrous sodium sulfate (manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co. , Ltd. ) . The organic phase from which the sodium sulfate was filtered off was concentrated and distilled under a reduced pressure to give 66 g of
2-bromo-4-butyrothiolactone (having a boiling point of 62°C/0.2 kPa; with a yield of 37%) .
(2) Production of 2-mercapto-4-butyrothiolactone
In substantially the same manner as in Example 1, the reaction was performed using 36.2 g (0.2 mol) of the above-produced 2-bromo-4-butyrothiolactone, and the reaction solution after the reaction was subjected to the pH adjustment, suction-filtration and extraction operations in the same manner as in Example 1, followed by the distillation-purification of the objective compound to obtain 21.4 g of 2-mercapto-4-butyrothiolactone (having a boiling point of
62°C/0.2 kPa; with a yield of 80%). The pH of the reaction solution was within the range of 7.5 to 8.9 from when the dropwise
addition of 2-bromo-4-butyrothiolactone was initiated to the
stirring after the dropwise addition was completed.
[0084]
[Example 5]
Production of 2-mercapto-6-hexanolactam
(1) Production of 2-bromo-6-hexanolactam
A benzene (50 g; manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co. , Ltd.) solution in which 240 g (1.5 mol) of bromine (manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.) were dissolved was cooled with ice
to 100C. To the cooled solution, 45Og (l.βmol) of 90% phosphorus tribromide (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries Ltd. )
were added while the temperature of the reaction solution was
maintained at 100C or less, and the resultant reaction solution was stirred for 60 minutes. Into the reaction solution, a
benzene (22Og) solution in which 85 g (0.75 mol) of commercially
available 6-hexanolactam (trade name: ε-caprolactam; manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) were dissolved was added dropwise through a dropping funnel over 30 minutes while maintaining the temperature of the reaction
solution at 100C or less. [0085]
After the completion of the dropwise addition, the
reaction solution was heated up to 45°C and stirred for 5.5 hours . The reaction solution after the reaction was poured into 1000
g of ice and the resultant benzene phase was recovered by
separating the phases. The recovered benzene phase was
concentrated under a reduced pressure to give 53.5 g of a crude
crystal of 2-bromo-6-hexanolactam.
[0086]
(2) Production of 2-mercapto-6-hexanolactam
In substantially the same manner as in Example 1, the
reaction was performed using 39 g of the above-produced crude crystal of 2-bromo-6-hexanolactam and the reaction solution
after the reaction was subjected to the pH adjustment, suction-filtration and extraction operations in the same manner
as in Example 1, followed by concentration in which the volume
of the reaction solution was reduced to approximately the half
under a reduced pressure. To the concentrated reaction solution,
330 g of ethyl acetate (GUARANTEED REAGENT, manufactured by
JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.) were added to extract the reaction solution. The resultant aqueous phase was reextracted with 330 g of ethyl acetate. These extracted organic phases were combined and concentrated under a reduced pressure to give a crude crystal of 2-mercapto-6-hexanolactam. The obtained crude crystal of 2-mercapto-6-hexanolactam was separation-purified by silica gel column chromatography in which the mobile phase was a mixed vehicle of hexane and ethyl acetate (the volume ratio
of hexanerethyl acetate was 2:1). Consequently, 26.1 g (0.18 mol) of a crystal of 2-mercapto-6-hexanolactam (with a yield
of 24% from 6-hexanolactam) were obtained. The pH of the
reaction solution was within the range of 7.6 to 8.9 from when
the dropwise addition of 2-bromo-6-hexanolactam was initiated
to the stirring after the dropwise addition was completed. [0087]
[Example 6] Synthesis of N-methyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam (1) Production of 2, 4-dibromobutyric acid bromide
2, 4-dibromobutyric acid bromide was synthesized from
4-butyrolactone by the following method similar to the method ofA. Kamal et. al . (Tetrahedron Asymmetry 2003, 14, 2587-2594).
[0088]
To 100 g (1.15 mol) of 4-butyrolactone (manufactured by
Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), 12.5 g (0.046 mol) of phosphorus tribromide (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry
Co., Ltd.) was added to produce a solution. Into the above-obtained solution, 200 g (1.25 mol) of bromine (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries Ltd. ) were added dropwise over approximately 2 hours, while maintaining the temperature of the solution at approximately
1O0C or less and stirring the solution. After the completion of the dropwise addition, the temperature of the resultant
reaction solution was elevated to 700C and 200 g (1.25 mol) of bromine (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries Ltd. )
were added dropwise thereinto over approximately 30 minutes.
The temperature of the reaction solution after the completion
of the dropwise addition was elevated to 800C and the reaction
solution was stirred at 800C for 3 hours. [0089]
After the completion of the reaction, a glass tube was inserted into the reaction solution, and nitrogen was blown into the reaction solution through the glass tube, to thereby remove
unreacted bromine and hydrogen bromide generated by the reaction. The resultant reaction solution was distilled under a reduced
pressure to give 190 g (0.61 mol) of 2, 4-dibromobutyric acid
bromide (having a boiling point of 87 to 88°C/0.7 kPa; with a yield of 53%) .
[0090]
(2) Synthesis of N-methyl-2-bromo-4-butyrolactam
N-methyl-2-bromo-4-butyrolactam was synthesized from
2, 4-dibromobutyric acid bromide by the following method similar to the method of A. Kamal et. al. (Tetrahedron Asymmetry 2003, 14, 2587-2594) . [0091]
A solution mixture of 31.6 g (0.4 mol) of 40% methylamine aqueous solution (manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.)
and 13.2 g of water was cooled to 100C or less . While the solution mixture was maintained at 100C or less, 148 g (0.48 mol) of 2, 4-dibromobutyric acid bromide were added dropwise into the
solution mixture over 15 minutes. After the completion of the
dropwise addition, the temperature of the resultant reaction
solution was elevated to 300C and the reaction solution was stirred for 30 minutes. To the reaction solution, 200 g of
chloroform were added to extract the organic phase. The organic phase was separated and was dried by adding magnesium sulfate thereto.
[0092]
The organic phase from which the magnesium sulfate was
filtered off was concentrated to give a crude crystal. The crude
crystal was washed with a 1:1 solution mixture of diethyl
etheπhexane to produce 85.6 g (0.33 mol) of
N-methyl-2, 4-dibromobutyric acid amide (having a melting point
of 54°C; with a yield of 69%) . The obtained crystal was dissolved in 720 g of THF (Guaranteed Reagent; manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.).
[0093]
The resultant solution was cooled with ice to 100C or less and 26.4 g (0.66 mol) of 60% NaH in mineral oil (manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.) were gradually added thereto over approximately 15 minutes. After the completion of the addition,
the temperature of the resultant reaction solution was elevated to room temperature and the reaction solution was stirred for
2 hours. The reaction solution after the reaction was
concentrated to approximately one third of the original weight,
and the concentrate was introduced into 400 g of an ice-water
mixture. The resultant solution mixture was extracted with 400
g of chloroform. The resultant chloroform phase was
concentrated, and the concentrate was purified by silica gel column chromatography to give 45.6 g (0.25 mol) of N-methyl-2-bromo-4-butyrolactam (with a yield of 77%). [0094]
(3) Synthesis of N-methyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam
19.1 g (0.24 mol) of 70% sodium hydrosulfide (manufactured
by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co. , Ltd. ) were dissolved in a solvent mixture
of 13.1 g of 1, 2-dimethoxyethane (Guaranteed Reagent;
manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.) with 13.1 g of purified water (which had been distilled and passed through an ion exchange filter) at room temperature. While the resultant
solution was cooled with ice (to 100C or less) and under normal pressure (about 0.10MPa) , 8.8 g of hydrochloric acid (GUARANTEED REAGENT, 35% to 37%; manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.) were added with stirring the solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 8.9, and the temperature of the solution was cooled
with ice to 100C or less. While cooling the solution to maintain
the temperature of the solution at 100C or less, a solution mixture of 35.6 g (0.2 mol) of N-methyl-2-bromo-4-butyrolactam
and 156 g of DMF was added dropwise into the solution over
approximately 30 minutes. The reaction solution after the
completion of the dropwise addition was stirred for 5 minutes.
The pH of the reaction solution was within the range of 7.6 to
8.9 from when the dropwise addition of N-methyl-2-bromo-4-butyrolactam was initiated to the stirring
after the dropwise addition was completed. [ 0095 ]
Thereafter, while cooling the solution to 100C or less, 8.8 g of hydrochloric acid were added to the solution over
approximately 2 minutes to adjust the pH of the solution at 6.0.
An inorganic salt deposited in the solution was removed by
suction-filtration, and 310 g of ethyl acetate (Guaranteed
Reagent; manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.) were added
to the resultant filtrate to extract the organic phase. The resultant aqueous phase was reextracted with 550 g of ethyl acetate. These extracted organic phases were combined and the resultant organic phase was concentrated under a reduced pressure. The concentrate was purified by silica gel column chromatography to give 20.6 g (0.157 mol) of N-methyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam (with a yield of 78%). [0096]
[Example 7]
Synthesis of 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam
(1) Synthesis of 2-bromo-4-butyrolactam
In substantially the same manner as in Example 6 except
that 2, 4-dibromobutyric acid bromide obtained by the method
described in Example 6 was used and that aqueous ammonia was
used instead of 40% methylamine aqueous solution, 73.5 g (0.30
mol) of 2, 4-dibromobutyric acid amide (having a melting point
of 79°C; with a yield of 63%) was obtained as a crystal. The obtained crystal was dissolved in 650 g of THF (Guaranteed Reagent; manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.). The
resultant solution was cooled with ice to 100C or less and thereto, 24 g (0.60 mol) of 60% NaH in mineral oil (manufactured by JUNSEI
CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.) were gradually added over approximately 15
minutes. After the completion of the addition, the temperature
of the resultant reaction solution was elevated to room
temperature and the reaction solution was stirred for 2 hours. The reaction solution after the reaction was evaporated and concentrated to approximately one third of the original weight, and the concentrate was introduced into 360 g of an ice-water mixture. The resultant solution mixture was extracted with 360 g of chloroform. The resultant chloroform phase was evaporated and concentrated, and the concentrate was purified by silica gel column chromatography to give 37.9 g (0.23 mol) of 2-bromo-4-butyrolactam (with a yield of 27%). [0097]
(2) Synthesis of 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam
In substantially the same manner as in Example 6 except
that 32.8 g (0.2 mol) of 2-bromo-4-butyrolactam were used instead
of N-methyl-2-bromo-4-butyrolactam, 18.1 g (0.15 mol) of
2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam were synthesized (with a yield of 77% ) .
The pH of the reaction solution was within the range of 7.6 to 8.9 from when the dropwise addition of 2-bromo-4-butyrolactam was initiated to the stirring after the dropwise addition was completed. [0098]
[Example 8]
Synthesis of N-ethyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam
(1) Synthesis of N-ethyl-2-bromo-4-butyrolactam
In substantially the same manner as in Example 6 except
that 2, 4-dibromobutyric acid bromide obtained by the method described in Example 6 was used and that 70% ethylamine aqueous solution was used instead of 40% methylamine aqueous solution, 91.7 g (0.336 mol) of N-ethyl-2, 4-dibromobutyric acid amide was obtained (with a yield of 70%) . In substantially the same manner as in Example 7, the reaction was performed using 81.9 g (0.30 mol) of the above-obtained N-ethyl-2, 4-dibromobutyric acid amide. Consequently, 40.9 g (0.21 mol) of N-ethyl-2-bromo-4-butyrolactam was obtained (with a yield of 71%) .
[0099]
(2) Synthesis of N-ethyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam
In substantially the same manner as in Example 6 except
that 38.4 g (0.2 mol) of N-ethyl-2-bromo-4-butyrolactam was used
instead of N-methyl-2-bromo-4-butyrolactam, 23.8 g (0.16 mol)
of N-ethyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam were synthesized (with a yield of 82%) . The pH of the reaction solution was within the range of 7.5 to 8.9 from when the dropwise addition of N-ethyl-2-bromo-4-butyrolactam was initiated to the stirring
after the dropwise addition was completed. [0100]
[Example 9]
Synthesis of N-methoxy-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam (1) Synthesis of N-methoxy-2-bromo-4-butyrolactam
N-methoxy-2-bromo-4-butyrolactam was synthesized using 2, 4-dibromobutyric acid bromide by the following method similar to the method of Ikuta et . al. (Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 1987, 30., 1995-1998). [0101]
52 g (0.62 mol) of O-methylhydroxy amine hydrochloride
(manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.), 100 g of purified water (which had been distilled and passed through an ion exchange filter) and 500 mL of chloroform (Guaranteed Reagent;
manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co . , Ltd. ) were mixed by stirring
under a condition of cooling with ice. To the resultant mixture,
a solution mixture of 169 g (0.55 mol) of 2, 4-dibromobutyric
acid bromide and 100 mL of chloroform was added. Into the
resultant mixture, 100 mL of an aqueous solution in which 50
g of NaOH were dissolved were added dropwise while cooling the
reaction solution so that the reaction temperature was 100C or less . [ 0102 ]
After the completion of the dropwise addition, the resultant chloroform phase of the reaction solution was
separated and was washed with 0.5N hydrochloric acid, a saturated
aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate solution and a saturated saline
in this order, followed by drying the phase by magnesium sulfate .
This resultant solution was concentrated under a reduced
pressure to produce 130 g of oil containing
N-methoxy-2, 4-dibromobutyric acid amide. The oil was subjected to the next reaction without particular purification.
[0103]
130 g of the above-obtained oil containing
N-methoxy-2, 4-dibromobutyric acid amide were dissolved in 500 mL of benzene. To the resultant solution, 12 g of sodium hydride
were gradually added while cooling the solution to 15°C to 200C. After the completion of the addition, ice was added to the resultant reaction solution to decompose excessive sodium
hydride. The resultant solution was washed with a saturated
saline, followed by drying the solution by magnesium sulfate.
The solution was concentrated under a reduced pressure and
purified by silica gel-acetone/benzene column chromatography.
Consequently, 39 g (0.2 mol) of
N-methoxy-2-bromo-4-butyrolactam (with a yield of 36% from
2, 4-dibromobutyric acid bromide) was obtained. [ 0104 ]
(2) Synthesis of N-methoxy-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam
In substantially the same manner as in Example 6 except
that 39 g (0.2 mol) of N-methoxy-2-bromo-4-butyrolactam were
used instead of N-methyl-2-bromo-4-butyrolactam, 23.8 g (0.16
mol) of N-methoxy-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam were synthesized
(with a yield of 81%) . The pH of the reaction solution was within the range of 7.5 to 8.9 from when the dropwise addition of N-methoxy-2-bromo-4-butyrolactam was initiated to the stirring after the dropwise addition was completed.
[0105]
[Example 10]
Synthesis of N-ethoxy-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam (1) Synthesis of N-ethoxy-2-bromo-4-butyrolactam In substantially the same manner as in Example 9 except that 169 g (0.55 mol) of 2, 4-dibromobutyric acid bromide obtained
by the method described in Example 6 were used and that 61 g
(0.62 mol) of O-ethylhydroxy amine hydrochloride (manufactured
by Wako Pure Chemical Industries Ltd.) were used instead of
O-methylhydroxy amine hydrochloride, 137 g of oil containing
N-ethoxy-2, 4-dibromobutyric acid amide were obtained. The oil
was subjected to the next reaction without particular
purification.
[0106] 137 g of the above-obtained oil containing
N-ethoxy-2, 4-dibromobutyric acid amide were dissolved in 500 mL of benzene. To the resultant solution, 12 g of sodium hydride
were gradually added while cooling the solution to 15°C to 200C. After the completion of the addition, ice was added to the
resultant reaction solution to decompose excessive sodium
hydride. The resultant solution was washed with a saturated saline, followed by drying the solution by magnesium sulfate. The solution was concentrated under a reduced pressure and purified by silica gel-acetone/benzene column chromatography to give 42 g (0.20 mol) of N-ethoxy-2-bromo-4-butyrolactam (with a yield of 37% from 2, 4-dibromobutyric acid bromide). [0107] (2) Synthesis of N-ethoxy-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam In substantially the same manner as in Example 6 except that 42 g (0.2mol) of N-ethoxy-2-bromo-4-butyrolactam were used
instead of N-methyl-2-bromo-4-butyrolactam, 24.8 g (0.15 mol)
of N-ethoxy-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam were synthesized (with
a yield of 77%) . The pH of the reaction solution was within the
range of 7.6 to 8.9 from when the dropwise addition of
N-ethoxy-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam was initiated to the
stirring after the dropwise addition was completed.
[0108]
[Examples 11 to 15] In substantially the same manner as in Example 1 except that the reaction was performed while the pH of the sodium hydrosulfide solution was preliminarily adjusted as described
in Table 1, 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone was synthesized. The
results are shown in Table 1. The conversion, SH selectivity,
MS selectivity and DS selectivity in Table 1 were calculated
from the HPLC analysis results. [0109] [Comparative Examples 1 and 2] In substantially the same manner as in Example 1 except that the reaction was performed while the pH of the sodium hydrosulfide solution was preliminarily adjusted to 6.5 or 13.0, 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone was synthesized. The results are shown in Table 1. The conversion, SH selectivity, MS selectivity and DS selectivity in Table 1 were calculated from the HPLC analysis results.
[Comparative Example 3]
A sodium hydrosulfide solution was prepared according to
the method described in Example 1 without the pH adjustment with
hydrochloric acid. The pH of the solution was 14.0. Using the
solution, 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone was synthesized in
substantially the same manner as in Example 1. The results are
shown in Table 1. The conversion, SH selectivity, MS selectivity and DS selectivity in Table 1 were calculated from the HPLC analysis results ,
[ 0110 ]
[Table 1 ]
Figure imgf000058_0002
Abbreviation :
SH = 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone
MS = Monosulfide represented by the following Formula (A)
(n=l) .
DS = Disulfide represented by the following Formula (A)
(n=2) .
[0111]
Figure imgf000058_0001
(A)
[0112]
[Examples 16 to 21]
In substantially the same manner as in Example 1 except
that the pH of the sodium hydrosulfide solution before the
reaction was adjusted to 8.5 and that the equivalent ratio of the metal sulfide or metal hydrosulfide to 2-bromo-4-butyrolactone was changed as described in Table 2, the reaction was performed to synthesize 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone. The results are shown in Table 2.
The conversion, SH selectivity, MS selectivity and DS
selectivity in Table 2 were calculated from the HPLC analysis
results. The pH of the reaction solution was within the range
of 7.0 to 11.0 from when the dropwise addition of
2-bromo-4-butyrolactone was initiated to the stirring after the dropwise addition was completed.
[0113]
[Table 2]
Figure imgf000059_0001
Abbreviation :
SH = 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone
MS = Monosulfide represented by the above-mentioned
Formula (A) (n=l) .
DS = Disulfide represented by the above-mentioned Formula (A) (n=2).
[0114]
[Examples 22 to 32 ]
For the screening of solvents , Examples 22 to 32 were performed. In these Examples, the molar ratio of sodium
hydrosulfide to 2-bromo-4-butyrolactone and the pH of the sodium hydrosulfide solution just before the reaction were fixed at
1:1 and 11.0 respectively to clarify the difference in effects
among the solvents. Specifically, Examples were performed
according to the following procedures.
[0115]
18 g (0.22 mol) of 70% sodium hydrosulfide (manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.) were added to 68 g of an organic solvent (Guaranteed Reagent; manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co, Ltd. ) shown in Table 3, or 68 g of purified water (which had been distilled and passed through an ion exchange filter) , or a mixed solvent of 34 g of an organic solvent (Guaranteed Reagent; manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.) above and 34 g of purified water (which had been distilled and passed through an ion exchange filter) . The compound was dissolved at
room temperature. [0116]
While the resultant solution was cooled with ice (to 100C or less) and under normal pressure (about 0.10MPa) , hydrochloric
acid was added with stirring the solution to adjust the pH of
the solution to 11.0, and the temperature of the solution was
cooled with ice to 1O0C or less.
Then, while cooling the solution so as to maintain the temperature of the solution at 10°C or less, 34 g (0.2 mol) of 2-bromo-4-butyrolactone (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) were added dropwise into the solution over
approximately 20 minutes. In every example, the pH of the
reaction solution was within the range of 7.0 to 11.0 from when
the dropwise addition of 2-bromo-4-butyrolactone was initiated
to the stirring after the dropwise addition was completed. [0117]
The results obtained using different solvents are shown in Table 3. The SH selectivity and MS selectivity shown in Table 3 were calculated from the HPLC results. [0118]
in
[Table 3] I M oo
Figure imgf000062_0001
Abbreviation: cn
SH = 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone
MS = Monosulfide represented by the above-mentioned Formula (A) (n=l)
[0119]
[Examples 33 to 36]
In substantially the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature of the reaction solution during the reaction was changed as described in Table 4, the reaction was performed to synthesize 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone. The results are shown in Table 4. The SH reaction yields in Table4 were calculated from the HPLC analysis results of samples which had been picked up from the reaction solution when the pH of the reaction solution was adjusted to 4.0. [0120] [Table 4]
Figure imgf000063_0001
Abbreviation:
SH = 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone [0121]
[Examples 37 to 41]
In the same manner as in Example 1, 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone was synthesized. After the reaction, the pH of the reaction solution was adjusted as shown
in Table 5. The resultant solution was stored at 25°C or 500C
J for 3 hours, and the storage stability of SH (2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone) was evaluated. The SH storage stability is shown as a percentage (%) of the SH concentration determined after the storage, relative to the SH concentration immediately after the pH adjustment (100%) . The SH concentrations were measured by HPLC. [0122]
The results are shown in Table 5. [0123] [Table 5]
Figure imgf000064_0001
Abbreviation:
SH = 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone [0124]
The results in Table 5 show that the decomposition of SH are suppressed in solutions which are pH adjusted to 2.0 to 6.0 after the reaction.
[0125]
[Example 42]
Production of 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone (using Na2S)
144 g (0.6 mol) of sodium sulfide nonahydrate (manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.) were dissolved in a mixed solvent of 34 g of 1, 2-dimethoxyethane (Guaranteed Reagent; manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.) and 34 g of purified water (which had been distilled and passed through an ion exchange filter) at room temperature. While the
resultant solution was cooled with ice (to 100C or less) and under normal pressure (about 0.10MPa), 79 g of hydrochloric acid (GUARANTEED REAGENT, 35% to 37%; manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.) were added with stirring the solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 8.9. While cooling the
solution to maintain the temperature of the solution at 100C or less, 34 g (0.2 mol) of 2-bromo-4-butyrolactone (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co. , Ltd. ) were added dropwise into the solution over approximately 20 minutes. The reaction solution after the completion of the dropwise addition was stirred for 2 minutes. The pH of the reaction solution was within the range of 7.5 to 8.9 from when the dropwise addition of 2-bromo-4-butyrolactone was initiated to the stirring after the dropwise addition was completed.
Thereafter, while cooling the solution to 100C or less, 24 g of hydrochloric acid were added to the solution over approximately 5 minutes to adjust the pH of the solution to 4.0. An inorganic salt deposited in the solution was removed by suction-filtration, and 20 g of ethyl acetate (Guaranteed Reagent; manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co. , Ltd. ) were added to the resultant filtrate to extract the organic phase. The resultant aqueous phase was reextracted with 34 g of ethyl acetate. These extracted organic phases were combined and the resultant organic phase was concentrated and purified by distillation under a reduced pressure to give 17 g of
2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone (having a boiling point of 94°C/0.3 kPa; with a yield of 72%) . [0126]
[Example 43] Production of 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone (using CaS) 43.3 g (0.6 mol) of calcium sulfide (manufactured by SIGMA-ALDRICH Corporation) were dissolved in a mixed solvent of 34 g of 1, 2-dimethoxyethane (Guaranteed Reagent; manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co. , Ltd. ) and 34 g of purified water (which had been distilled and passed through an ion exchange filter) at room temperature. . While the resultant
solution was cooled with ice (to 100C or less) and under normal pressure (about 0.10MPa), 78 g of hydrochloric acid (GUARANTEED REAGENT, 35% to 37%; manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.) were added with stirring the solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 8.9. . While cooling the
solution to maintain the temperature of the solution at 100C or less, 34 g (0.2 mol) of 2-bromo-4-butyrolactone (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co. , Ltd. ) were added dropwise into the solution over approximately 20 minutes. The reaction solution after the completion of the dropwise addition was stirred for 2 minutes. The pH of the reaction solution was within the range of 7.5 to 8.9 from when the dropwise addition of 2-bromo-4-butyrolactone was initiated to the stirring after the dropwise addition was completed.
Thereafter, while cooling the solution to 100C or less, 24 g of hydrochloric acid were added to the solution over approximately 5 minutes to adjust the pH of the solution to 4.0. An inorganic salt precipitated in the solution was removed by suction-filtration, and 20 g of ethyl acetate
(Guaranteed Reagent; manufactured by JUNSEI CHEMICAL Co.,
Ltd. ) were added to the resultant filtrate to extract the organic phase. The resultant aqueous phase was reextracted with 34 g of ethyl acetate. These extracted organic phases were combined and the resultant organic phase was concentrated and purified by distillation under a reduced pressure to give 15 g of 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone (having a boiling point of
94°C/0.3 kPa; with a yield of 63%).

Claims

1. A method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds represented by Formula (1):
Figure imgf000068_0001
wherein X represents any structure of -0-, -S-, -NH-, and -NR1-; R1 represents any of an alkyl group, alkoxy group and alkoxyalkyl group each having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Y represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or -NR2-; R2 represents a hydrogen atom or alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and Z1 represents a divalent organic residue having at least one mercapto group, the method comprising reacting a metal sulfide or a metal hydrosulfide with a compound represented by Formula (2) in the presence of a solvent at a pH of 7.0 to 11.0:
Figure imgf000068_0002
wherein X and Y are as defined in Formula (1); and Z2 represents a divalent organic residue having at least one halogen group.
2. The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds according to claim 1, wherein Z1 in Formula (1) is a divalent organic residue having one mercapto group and the mercapto group is directly bound to the carbon atom at the
2-position of the heterocyclic mercapto compound, and Z2 in Formula (2) is a divalent organic residue having one halogen group and the halogen group is directly bound to the carbon atom at the 2-position of the compound represented by Formula
(2).
3. The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds according to claim 1, wherein the heterocyclic mercapto compound represented by Formula (1) is a heterocyclic mercapto compound selected from the group consisting of 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactone (2-mercapto-4-butanolide) , 2-mercapto-4-methyl-4-butyrolactone, 2-mercapto-4-ethyl-4-butyrolactone,
2-mercapto-4-butyrothiolactone, 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam, N-methoxy-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam, N-ethoxy-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam, N-methyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam, N-ethyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam, N- (2-methoxy) ethyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam, N- (2-ethoxy) ethyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam, 2-mercapto-5-valerolactone, 2-mercapto-5-valerolactam, N-methyl-2-mercapto-5-valerolactam, N-ethy1-2-mercapto-5-valerolactam, N- (2-methoxy) ethyl-2-mercapto-5-valerolactam, N- (2-ethoxy) ethyl-2-mercapto-5-valerolactam, and 2-mercapto-6-hexanolactam.
4. The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds according to any one of claim 1 to claim 3, wherein the metal sulfide is an alkali metal sulfide, an alkaline earth metal sulfide or a mixture thereof.
5. The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds according to any one of claim 1 to claim 3, wherein the metal sulfide is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of sodium sulfide, potassium sulfide, calcium sulfide and magnesium sulfide.
6. The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds according to any one of claim 1 to claim 3, wherein the metal hydrosulfide is sodium hydrosulfide or potassium hydrosulfide.
7. The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds according to claim 1, wherein the solvent is a mixed solvent of water and an organic solvent in which the water : organic solvent weight ratio is 1:0.1-10.
8. The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds according to claim 7, wherein the organic solvent is one or more solvents selected from the group consisting of methanol, N-methylpyrrolidone, acetone, 1,4-dioxane, 1, 2-dimethoxyethane and N,N-dimethylformamide.
9. The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds according to any one of claim 1 to claim 3, wherein the pH is maintained in the aforementioned range by adding an inorganic acid or an inorganic alkali to the reaction solution from the start of the reaction to the completion of the reaction.
10. The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds according to any one of claim 1 to claim 3, wherein
the reaction is performed at not more than 400C.
11. The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds according to claim 1, wherein the reaction is performed by dissolving or dispersing the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide in the solvent and adding the compound represented by Formula (2) to the resultant solution or slurry while controlling the temperature of the solution or slurry
in the range of -20 to 400C.
12. The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds according to claim 1, wherein the reaction is performed by dissolving or dispersing the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide in the solvent; adjusting the pH of the resultant solution or slurry in the range of 7.5 to 11.0; and adding the compound represented by Formula (2) to the solution or slurry.
13. The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds according to claim 12, wherein the pH of the solution or slurry of the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide is achieved by adding an inorganic acid to the solution or slurry while controlling the temperature of the solution or slurry
at not more than 4O0C.
14. The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds according to claim 1, wherein the equivalent ratio of the compound represented by Formula (2) to the metal sulfide or the metal hydrosulfide is 1:0.8-5.0.
15. The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds according to claim 1, further comprising adjusting the pH of the reaction solution in the range of 2.0 to 6.0 after the completion of the reaction.
16. The method for producing heterocyclic mercapto compounds according to claim 15, wherein the pH of the reaction solution after the reaction is achieved by adding an inorganic acid thereto after the completion of the reaction.
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