WO2007118348A1 - An inserting method and device for inserting control information, and a measuring method and device - Google Patents

An inserting method and device for inserting control information, and a measuring method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007118348A1
WO2007118348A1 PCT/CN2006/000674 CN2006000674W WO2007118348A1 WO 2007118348 A1 WO2007118348 A1 WO 2007118348A1 CN 2006000674 W CN2006000674 W CN 2006000674W WO 2007118348 A1 WO2007118348 A1 WO 2007118348A1
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Prior art keywords
measurement
control information
parameter
transmitter
measuring
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English (en)
French (fr)
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Xinxi Diao
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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Priority to PCT/CN2006/000674 priority Critical patent/WO2007118348A1/zh
Priority to CN2006800537104A priority patent/CN101401318B/zh
Publication of WO2007118348A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007118348A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks

Definitions

  • Insertion method, device and measurement method device for inserting measurement control information
  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to an apparatus, system and method for inserting measurement control information in a terrestrial digital broadcast single frequency network transport stream. Background technique
  • a single frequency network is that each transmitter distributed in different geographical locations transmits exactly the same symbol at the same frequency and at the same time.
  • the single frequency network is a networking mode of terrestrial digital broadcasting, and the networking mode has high spectrum use efficiency.
  • a digital terrestrial television broadcasting single frequency network based on COFDM Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • COFDM Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • DVB-T/H Digital Video Broadcasting - Terrestial/Handset
  • frequency and time synchronization are through additional dedicated equipment.
  • the reference frequency and the second pulse signal (lpps) are obtained from the GPS satellite.
  • all the cascaded oscillators in each transmitter are driven by the GPS (Global Positioning Systems) reference frequency; and the single frequency of the program source is passed.
  • the transmission adapter must not process the MIP packet, that is, transparently adapt and transmit the TS stream output by the SFN adapter.
  • the MIP contains the transmission parameters of the system, and the synchronization time stamp (STS) and maximum delay parameters are important for synchronization.
  • the delay of transmitting the digital baseband signal in the single frequency network to different transmission points is the same; then transmitting the program code stream to each transmitting station through the primary distribution network (PDN); the single frequency network synchronization system from each transmitting station
  • PDN primary distribution network
  • the time stamp is extracted from the MIP packet of the stream, and the second received pulse signal is compared with the local received second pulse signal, and the code stream is subjected to additional delay adjustment, and then the code stream is sent to the modulator to transmit the signal at a common time to achieve time synchronization.
  • the output of the single-frequency network adapter is a standard MPEG-2 transmission.
  • Many packets form a group to form a giant frame 102 (as shown in Figure 1).
  • Each giant frame consists of n packets, ⁇ Is an integer whose size depends on the number of RS (Reed-Solomon) packets per Super Frame in the DVB-T transmission mode.
  • n is the number of RS packets in each super frame.
  • Multiply by 2k mode n is the number of RS packets in each superframe multiplied by 8.
  • Fig. 1 shows a conventional method of inserting synchronization control parameters.
  • TPS-related information 106 such as: signal modulation mode, layering mode, guard interval, selection of 2k/8k mode, and the like.
  • Patent application US20050037711 "Metrology device for the automatic monitoring of a digital signal broadcast network and a broadcast network including one such metrology device", the method given It is a measuring device that can be inserted into an existing broadcast network, and is used in different parts of a digital broadcast front-end device to a relay device and a terminal device.
  • the working method of the measuring device is to acquire (decompose) the control information from the broadcast stream, monitor the control information, and monitor and report the broadcast content according to the control information.
  • the digital terrestrial television broadcasting system based on C0FDM currently has a series of problems such as insufficient signal coverage, poor reception effect in some overlapping coverage areas, unreliable synchronization mechanism, complicated network coordination and inefficiency, and poor self-recovery capability. Find a technical solution to properly solve these problems.
  • the current single-frequency network networking technology and supporting equipment have become hotter.
  • there is an independent GPS system in addition to the digital TV transmission system, there is an independent GPS system. Once the GPS information is missing, the system will be in a paralyzed state, and manual intervention cannot be saved. This is a very unreliable and unsafe move.
  • each transmitter In order for the single-frequency network to work stably and reliably, each transmitter must coordinate its respective transmit power and signal transmission delay according to the requirements of the received field strength. Due to the geographical environment, urban building distribution, coverage and broadcast transmission conditions, under the premise of ensuring signal coverage, all localities must coordinate network according to their own characteristics, pre-processing signals at the origin to ensure receiving conditions at the receiving end. As far as possible at the receiver The range of capabilities to ensure coverage of the coverage area. Coordination work requires simple, reliable, and emergency self-recovery.
  • Patent application US20050037711 a digital broadcast network measuring device and a broadcast network including a digital signal broadcast network and a broadcast network including one such metrology device
  • a method and apparatus for monitoring control information and signal quality in a broadcast system, but such a device does not address the problem of simultaneous monitoring and coverage monitoring in the case of a single frequency network.
  • the synchronization mechanism used in the existing single-frequency network can only ensure that each transmitting point transmits a broadcast signal synchronously, and cannot measure and control the synchronization quality and coverage quality of the single-frequency network.
  • the existing terrestrial digital broadcasting standard is an open-circuit transmission standard that cannot meet the requirements of closed-loop testing.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an insertion method, device, and measurement method and apparatus for inserting measurement control information, which solves the technical problem that the prior art cannot measure and control the synchronization quality and coverage quality of a single frequency network.
  • the present invention provides an insertion method for inserting measurement control information, which comprises: setting a position parameter and a width parameter of a measurement window, and inserting a measurement window, measurement content, and control information into a ground number.
  • the position parameter is used to determine a starting point for performing the measurement
  • the width parameter is used to determine a time interval in which the measurement is performed
  • the measurement content and the control information are used to control the measurement.
  • the above insertion method is characterized in that: the measurement content comprises: a measurement of an arrival time and an arrival time difference of an adjacent transmitter for synchronization analysis and synchronization control of a single frequency network; the control information includes: emission control information And adjacent transmitter information.
  • the above insertion method is characterized in that the measurement content further comprises: measuring a signal strength or a signal power of the proximity transmitter at the measurement device for analyzing coverage quality monitoring of the digital broadcast network; the emission control information
  • the method includes: a signal form to be sent by the transmitter for measurement; the adjacent transmitter information includes: a number of adjacent transmitters to be measured, an identification number of an adjacent transmitter, or a pseudorandom noise code used by a neighboring transmitter, The frequency information used by the transmitter is adjacent.
  • the above insertion method is characterized in that: the measurement content further includes: frequency offset estimation and idle frequency
  • the above insertion method is characterized in that the measurement window, the measurement content and the control information are inserted into the transport stream of the terrestrial digital broadcast single frequency network by one of the following methods: mode 1, the position parameter and the width parameter of the measurement window are As part of the jumbo frame initial packet in the transport stream, the measurement content and control information are inserted into some or all of the jumbo frame initial packets; and in the second method, the position parameter and the width parameter of the measurement window are taken as separate A packet identified by the packet is inserted into the transport stream.
  • the present invention also provides an insertion device for inserting measurement control information, characterized in that it comprises an insertion unit provided in a single frequency network adapter, the insertion unit including an information generation portion and Information writing portion; the information generating portion is configured to implement a code table mapping from a measurement control request to a jumbo frame initial packet format, and the information writing portion is configured to write a code table that conforms to the jumbo frame initial packet format to a jumbo frame initial packet; the information generating portion sets a position parameter and a width parameter of the measurement window, the information writing portion inserts the measurement window, the measurement content, and the control information into a transport stream of the terrestrial digital broadcast single frequency network, thereby
  • the position parameter is used to determine a starting point at which the measurement is to be performed, the width parameter is used to determine a time interval in which the measurement is performed, and the measurement content and control information are used to control the measurement.
  • the present invention also provides a measurement method for performing measurement according to the above insertion method, characterized in that it comprises: acquiring a measurement window from a transport stream of the terrestrial digital broadcast single frequency network. a position parameter, a width parameter, and the measurement content and the control information; determining, by the position parameter, a starting point at which the measurement is performed, and determining, by the width parameter, a time interval in which the measurement is performed, the width of the measurement window Measurements are made within the range based on the measurement content and the control information.
  • the present invention also provides a measuring apparatus for performing measurement according to the above measuring method, which comprises: sequentially connected antenna, multi-band filter bank, multi-band channel, parameter measurement a unit and a measurement control unit, the measurement control unit further connecting the multi-band channel; the measurement control unit acquiring a position parameter, a width parameter, and the measurement of the measurement window from a transport stream of the terrestrial digital broadcast single frequency network Content and the control information; determining, by the position parameter, a starting point at which the measurement is performed, and determining, by the width parameter, a time interval in which the measurement is performed, according to the measurement content and the width of the measurement window Control device for measuring the above measuring device, characterized in that the antenna is a multi-band antenna or a plurality of antenna groups The multi-band antenna combination; the multi-band channel is composed of an ultra-wideband amplifier or a low-noise amplifier; the parameter measuring unit is composed of a baseband processing module, has time domain and frequency domain processing capability, and has signal
  • the present invention also provides a digital broadcast signal monitoring system including the above-mentioned measuring device, which is characterized in that it comprises a two-layer cooperative co-frequency consisting of a primary emission layer and an auxiliary emission layer.
  • a digital broadcast network structure for transmitting the main emission layer is composed of a plurality of main transmitters capable of transmitting electromagnetic waves having the same frequency and covering a certain area; the auxiliary emission layer is composed of a plurality of electromagnetic waves capable of transmitting the same frequency and covering a certain area
  • An auxiliary transmitter is included, and the auxiliary transmitter includes the measuring device, and the measuring device measures a signal transmitted by the main transmitter.
  • the invention has the advantages that: by inserting measurement control information into the TS stream, the invention can accurately and flexibly monitor the synchronization quality and coverage quality of the terrestrial digital broadcast signal, and the transmission time of the transmitter according to the synchronization quality and the coverage quality monitoring result.
  • the dynamic adjustment of the emission intensity ensures the stability and controllability of the terrestrial digital broadcasting system. Even in the event of a GPS receiver failure in some transmitters, the system will still function properly.
  • the present invention provides a system with wide coverage and low network construction cost, real-time monitoring of the security, quality and content of the broadcast signals in the radio broadcast television network, including : 1) Keep abreast of the network operation, find harmful interference signals, and accurately understand the location of the accident; 2) Monitor the broadcast quality (such as level, carrier-to-noise ratio, etc.) and discover the front-end programs. A major abnormality, summary, processing, analysis of monitoring data; 3) patrol monitoring or locked channel monitoring of each set of program content broadcasted by each front-end, timely understanding of the broadcast channel and broadcast program content. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional method of inserting a MIP packet in an MPEG-2 TS stream
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for inserting measurement control information provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a digital broadcast signal measuring apparatus provided by the present invention.
  • 4 is a schematic diagram of an example of inserting a measurement window position and a window width in a DMBTS stream according to the present invention
  • 5 is a schematic diagram of an example of a digital broadcast signal monitoring system provided by the present invention.
  • the insertion of the measurement control signal in the digital broadcast transmission stream can realize the measurement of the signal transmitted by the upper layer broadcast transmitter and the signal transmitted by the broadcast transmitter in the same layer, and the measurement content includes: Time difference of arrival, signal strength, synchronization relationship between transmitters, etc.
  • these transmitters can use the signals transmitted by the upper-layer broadcast transmitters measured by themselves, and the broadcast transmitters in the same layer.
  • the time relationship between the transmitted signal and the transmitter to estimate its own transmission time, to ensure that the work of the single frequency network will not be paralyzed.
  • a system with a wide coverage and low network construction cost is needed to monitor the security, quality and content of the broadcast signals in the radio and television network in real time.
  • These monitoring include: 1) Timely Understand the operation of the network, discover harmful interference signals, and accurately understand the location of the accident; 2) Monitor the quality of the broadcast (such as level, carrier-to-noise ratio, etc.), and discover the significant differences in the broadcast of the front-end programs. State, summarize, process, and analyze monitoring data; 3) Conduct patrol monitoring or lock channel monitoring on each set of program content broadcasted by each front-end, and keep abreast of the broadcasted channels and broadcasted program content.
  • the implementation of the present invention mainly includes three parts: A), B), and C).
  • Part A A method of inserting measurement control information in the MPEG-2 transport stream TS
  • the first step is to determine the representation of the measurement window.
  • the representation of the measurement window includes: a position (parameter) 204 of the measurement window and a width (parameter) of the measurement window 205;
  • the position (parameter) 204 of the measurement window can be expressed by the starting point of the window or by the center point of the window.
  • the measurement window starting point tO is used to indicate the time position 201 of the measurement window;
  • the width of the measurement window (parameter) 205 Indicates the time interval TW (202) for performing the measurement; the second step, determining the position and window size of the measurement window;
  • the position 201 of the measurement window 202 (the starting point t0 of the window) is used relative to the GPS second pulse 104
  • the time t0 is shown, see FIG. 2; t0 can be the time relative to the first few second pulses before the measurement window 202. Generally, t0 is the time relative to the first second pulse before the measurement window 202; the measurement window
  • the width (parameter) 205 represents the time interval TW (202) of the implementation measurement, and the width of the TW (202) may be a part of the total length of one OFDM character, such as the guard interval ⁇ , or an integer multiple of the total length of a 0FDM character. Such as 1 ⁇ N 0FDM characters total length;
  • the third step is to determine the measurement content and measurement control information that need to be inserted.
  • the basic measurements include: Proximity transmitter (the transmitter here can be a transmitter for digital TV broadcasting, or a transmitter for other systems) Time of arrival (T0A: TIME OF ARRIVAL) and time difference of arrival (TD0A: TIME DIFFERENCE) OF ARRIVAL) Measurement; This measurement is used for single frequency network synchronization analysis and synchronous control.
  • Proximity transmitter the transmitter here can be a transmitter for digital TV broadcasting, or a transmitter for other systems
  • Time of arrival T0A: TIME OF ARRIVAL
  • TD0A TIME DIFFERENCE OF ARRIVAL
  • the signal strength or signal power measurement at the measuring device adjacent to the transmitter may be a transmitter of a digital television broadcast or a transmitter of another system
  • the transmitter for analyzing the coverage of the digital broadcast network Quality monitoring (when the transmitters of other systems, such as mobile communication systems operating in the spectrum of the television broadcasting band, are used for measurement, they can be used for coverage quality analysis of the system);
  • the measurement content may further include: a frequency offset estimation, an idle frequency measurement (when measuring a frequency band whose usage is uncertain, the monitoring of the spectrum environment);
  • control information that needs to be sent in order to complete the above measurement content is determined.
  • the basic control information includes: Launch control information.
  • the transmission control information includes: a signal form to be transmitted by the transmitter for measurement, which may be carried by the TS or generated at the transmitter, and the signal forms are identified by coding;
  • the measurement control information includes: adjacent transmitter information, where adjacent transmitters refer to one or more transmitters present in the vicinity of a measurement device or a digital broadcast transmitter with measurement devices, these transmitters are generally Refers to a digital broadcast transmitter, or a transmitter that transmits digital broadcast signals, or other types of transmitters.
  • the proximity transmitter information in the measurement control information includes: the number of adjacent transmitters to be measured, the identification number (ID) of the adjacent transmitter, or the PN (Pseudo Noise Code) code used by the neighboring transmitter, near Frequency point information used by the transmitter;
  • the fourth step is to determine the manner in which the measurement control information is inserted;
  • Measurement control information can be inserted at any position of the grand frame 102 constituting the standard MPEG-2 transport stream,
  • One way to insert is to place the position (parameter) 204 of the measurement window and the width (parameter) 205 of the measurement window as part of the jumbo frame initial package (MIP) 101; the position (parameter) 204 and the measurement window of the measurement window
  • the width (parameter) 205 may be inserted into the measurement control information continuously for each (MIP) 101 as part of the jumbo frame initial packet (MIP) 101, or may be inserted only in the partial jumbo frame initial packet (MIP) 101. Measurement control information.
  • One way to insert is to insert the position (parameter) 204 of the measurement window and the width (parameter) 205 of the measurement window as separate packets with PID into the MPEG-2 transport stream.
  • Part B A device for realizing the insertion of measurement control information
  • a device for implementing measurement control information insertion is composed of a single frequency network adapter to add measurement control information insertion unit.
  • the measurement control information insertion unit includes measurement control information generation and measurement control information writing.
  • the measurement control information generating section implements the code table mapping from the measurement control request to the MIP format, and the code table conforming to the jumbo frame initial packet (MIP) format is written into the jumbo frame initial packet (MIP) during the measurement control information writing process.
  • MIP jumbo frame initial packet
  • Part C A digital broadcast signal measuring device.
  • the digital broadcast signal measuring device is used to measure parameters such as arrival time, signal amplitude, and operating frequency point of the digital broadcast signal at its location.
  • the means for implementing the insertion of the measurement control information inserts the measurement control information into the transport stream TS, and the digital broadcast signal measuring device acquires the measurement control information from the transport stream TS according to the manner provided in the measurement control information (eg, the moment when the measurement is started)
  • the number of transmitters to be measured and the ID of the transmitter are used to obtain the measurement parameters specified in the measurement control information (such as the time difference of arrival of each adjacent transmitter signal, the signal amplitude of each adjacent transmitter, etc.).
  • the digital broadcast signal measuring apparatus includes an antenna 301, a multi-band filter bank 302, a multi-band channel 303, a parameter measuring unit 304, and a measurement control unit 305.
  • the measurement control unit 305 acquires measurement control information in the jumbo frame initial packet (MIP) 101 from the MPEG-2 demultiplexing unit, for example, acquiring a measurement window starting point t0 (201) and a time interval TW (202) for performing measurement;
  • MIP jumbo frame initial packet
  • the measurement control unit 305 performs various measurement control information in the jumbo frame initial packet (MIP) 101. 06 000674 parses and controls the corresponding measurements.
  • MIP jumbo frame initial packet
  • the antenna 301 may be a multi-band antenna, or a multi-band antenna combination composed of multiple antennas, and the multi-band antenna combination may include an antenna of a base station or an access point;
  • the multi-band channel 303 may include an ultra-wideband amplifier, or It consists of a set of optimized design LNAs (Low Noise Amplifiers);
  • the parameter measurement unit 304 is composed of a baseband processing module, which has time and frequency domain processing capabilities, and has the ability to measure parameters such as signal amplitude and arrival time; Strictly synchronized, the parameter measuring unit 304 uses GPS time as a clock.
  • the measurement control unit 305 is composed of a digital processor, and the measurement control unit 305 controls the multi-band channel 303, the parameter measurement unit 304 to enter the corresponding measurement mode, and transmits the measurement result of the parameter measurement unit 304 to the network.
  • One implementation of the digital broadcast signal measuring apparatus is to construct a multi-band channel 303 and a parameter measuring unit 304 using a receiver chip used by a commercial terminal used in the terminal.
  • This implementation can reduce the implementation cost of the digital broadcast signal measuring device and shorten the design time. For example, use the telecommunication device of the mobile TV receiver or use UWB to intercept the search engine front end to construct a multi-band channel 303 and receive and measure the television broadcast signal.
  • the digital broadcast signal measuring device can be integrated or co-located with the digital broadcast transmitter, or can be separately designed and installed separately from the digital broadcast transmitter.
  • the digital broadcast signal measuring device periodically measures the television broadcast signal at its position before receiving the measurement control command, and after the transmitter receives the measurement command, in order to achieve the measurement effect on the signal transmitted by the adjacent transmitter, the local broadcast signal can be turned off. Transmitter whose closing time is consistent with the width of the measurement window;
  • the digital broadcast signal measuring device parses the ID of the measuring device that performs the measurement from the transmission control information (or the ID of the base station on which it is supported), and if the digital broadcast signal measuring device obtains the information for starting the device for measurement, it starts to specify Measuring within the window;
  • Embodiment 1 A measurement control information is inserted in terrestrial digital multimedia television broadcasting (DMB-T).
  • the terrestrial digital multimedia television broadcasting (DMB-T) protocol is based on TDS-0FDM technology, and its physical channel frame structure is shown in Fig. 4.
  • the frame structure is hierarchical, and one basic frame structure is called one signal frame.
  • the frame group is defined as 255 signal frames, and the first frame is defined as the frame group header.
  • the signal frame in the frame group has a unique frame number, the number from 0 to 254, and the signal frame number (FN) is encoded into the frame synchronization PN sequence of the current signal frame.
  • a superframe is defined as a group of frames, and the top layer of the frame structure is called a superframe group.
  • Superframes are numbered, from 0 to the maximum frame group number.
  • Superframe number (SFN) and superframe group number (SFGN) the first frame group header encoded into the superframe Medium.
  • the superframe group number is defined as the calendar date transmitted by the superframe group, and the superframe group is periodically repetitively encoded as a first frame group of one superframe in the downlink superframe group. The first two bytes in the header.
  • PST Pacific Standard Time
  • Beijing time 0:0:0AM the physical channel frame structure is reset and a new superframe group is started.
  • a signal frame consists of two parts: frame synchronization and frame body.
  • the frame synchronization signal uses a Walsh-encoded random sequence to achieve multi-base station identification.
  • Frame synchronization includes preamble, PN sequence, and post-sync.
  • Frame synchronization uses BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying) modulation for stable synchronization.
  • the baseband signal of the frame body is an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OF) block.
  • An OFDM block can be further divided into guard intervals and a DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) block, as shown in Figure 4.
  • the DFT block has 3780 samples in its time domain, which are inverse discrete Fourier transforms of 3780 subcarriers in the frequency domain.
  • each digital broadcast signal measuring device obtains an ID number or a PN sequence value used by the neighboring base station before the measurement, and the obtaining may be pre-configured or may be transmitted through the TS stream;
  • the digital broadcast signal measuring device parses the ID of the measuring device that performs the measurement from the transmission control information, (or the ID of the base station on which it is based),
  • the digital broadcast signal measuring device obtains information to start the device for measurement, it starts measuring in a prescribed window
  • the digital broadcast signal measuring device obtains the information of the neighboring base station to start the measurement, in the specified window, the PN sequence indicating its own local transmitter ID is transmitted according to the instruction of the measurement control information, and the PN sequence is received by the proximity measuring device according to The PN sequence measures parameters of interest; 4) The digital broadcast signal measuring device measures the signal amplitude (or power) and the time difference of arrival in a predetermined window 401;
  • One measurement method is to generate the PN sequences by the measuring device according to the PN sequence used by each of the neighboring base stations to be detected in advance, and then use the generated PN sequences to perform correlation operations with the signals received by the measuring device, and output correlation peaks thereof. That is, the arrival time of the signal, the difference between the correlation peaks of different PN sequences is the difference of the arrival time of different transmitters at the measuring device.
  • the arrival time and the time difference of arrival there are several methods for estimating the arrival time and the time difference of arrival, such as the first path method, the centroid method, an estimated time of arrival and the time difference of arrival, using the monitored first path as the arrival time.
  • Embodiment 2 is a digital broadcast signal monitoring system.
  • a two-layer cooperative co-frequency transmitting digital broadcast network structure is composed of a primary transmitting layer 501 and an auxiliary transmitting layer 502.
  • the main emission layer 501 is composed of a plurality of main transmitters capable of transmitting electromagnetic waves having the same frequency and covering a certain area, and the transmitter in the main emission layer may be provided with the digital broadcast signal measuring device according to the present invention, or may not be provided with an invention.
  • Digital broadcast signal measuring device any digital broadcast signal measuring device capable of transmitting electromagnetic waves having the same frequency and covering a certain area, and the transmitter in the main emission layer may be provided with the digital broadcast signal measuring device according to the present invention, or may not be provided with an invention.
  • the auxiliary emission layer 502 is composed of a plurality of auxiliary transmitters capable of transmitting electromagnetic waves having the same frequency and covering a certain area, and the transmitter in the auxiliary emission layer is provided with the digital broadcast signal measuring device of the present invention;
  • the electromagnetic wave emitted by the main transmitter in the main emission layer 501 has a larger coverage area than the electromagnetic wave emitted by the auxiliary transmitter in the auxiliary emission layer 502, such as 502a.
  • the auxiliary transmitter in the auxiliary emission layer 502 there are a plurality of electromagnetic waves emitted by the auxiliary transmitter.
  • electromagnetic waves 502a, 502b, 502c, etc. exist in an area covered by the electromagnetic wave 501a, and there are several digital broadcast signal measuring devices according to the present invention in an area covered by electromagnetic waves emitted by a main transmitter in a main emission layer 501;
  • the electromagnetic wave emitted by the main transmitter in the main emission layer 501 has the same frequency as the electromagnetic wave emitted by the auxiliary transmitter in the auxiliary emission layer 502.
  • the electromagnetic wave emitted by the main transmitter in the main emission layer 501 and the auxiliary in the auxiliary emission layer 502 The electromagnetic waves transmitted by the transmitter carry the same information symbols.
  • One method is to transmit the same broadcast code stream through the distribution network 503 to all the main transmitters in the main transmission layer 501 and all the auxiliary transmitters in the auxiliary transmission layer 502.
  • the auxiliary transmitter and its auxiliary primary transmitter transmit the information symbols transmitted by the primary transmitter through the distribution network 503 in a specific synchronization manner. 6 000674 Go.
  • the distribution network 503 may be a wired network, such as a radio access network (RAN) for cellular mobile communication, a hybrid fiber and cable (HFC) network for cable television, and an all-optical network (such as a passive optical network PON, active).
  • RAN radio access network
  • HFC hybrid fiber and cable
  • APON Optical fiber network
  • power line communication network or wireless network, such as wireless link between cellular base station and repeater, LMDS or satellite link.
  • One implementation of the primary transmitter within the primary transmit layer 501 is the use of terrestrial digital multimedia television broadcast (DMB-T, based on TDS-0FDM technology);
  • DMB-T terrestrial digital multimedia television broadcast
  • One implementation of the primary transmitter within the primary transmit layer 501 is a terrestrial digital broadcast transmitter DVB-T;
  • One implementation of the primary transmitter within the primary transmit layer 501 is a terrestrial digital broadcast transmitter DVB-H;
  • One implementation of the primary transmitter within primary transmit layer 501 is to use a transmitter of a cellular mobile communication base station having broadcast transmission capabilities;
  • the transmitter within the auxiliary transmit layer 502 has the same spectral and coded modulation scheme as the primary transmitter within the primary transmit layer 501;
  • One mode of operation of the measurement system presented in this example is to measure the signal transmitted by the primary transmitter within the primary emission layer 501, which is an innovation of the example, the method of which is - the auxiliary emission layer 502 carries the invention
  • the transmitter of the digital broadcast signal measuring apparatus is in a measurement window carried by the jumbo frame initial packet (MIP) 101 (the position 201 (the starting point t0 of the window) indicated by the position (parameter) 204 of the measurement window, and the width of the measurement window ( In the time interval TW 202) represented by the parameter 205, the amplitude and arrival time (difference) of the signal transmitted by the main transmitter in the main emission layer 501 are measured;
  • MIP jumbo frame initial packet
  • the transmitter ID information carried in the measurement window of the jumbo frame initial packet (MIP) 101 is to be inserted into the measurement window of the main transmitter (with a specific PN)
  • the sequence representation is specified by the primary transmitter transmitting the specified signal form within the measurement window;
  • the width of the measurement window carried by the jumbo frame initial packet (MIP) 101 (parameter)
  • the value of the time interval TW 202 represented by 205 is the total length of a complete 0FDM character.
  • the auxiliary emission layer The transmitter in 502 stops co-transmitting the main transmitting layer, so that the digital broadcast signal measuring device accurately measures the signal transmitted by the main transmitting layer;
  • the digital broadcast signal measuring apparatus according to the present invention in the auxiliary transmitting layer 502 measures the ID information of the main transmitter in the main transmitting layer 501 (indicated by a specific PN sequence) in the measurement window, and the method of measuring is:
  • the broadcast signal measuring device performs a correlation operation with a locally generated PN sequence and a specific PN sequence (with transmitter ID information) transmitted by the main transmitter received by the measuring device, and the output correlation peak is the arrival time of the signal, different PN sequences.
  • the difference in correlation peaks is the difference in arrival time between different transmitters at the measuring device.
  • the measurement results are sent to the digital broadcast signal monitoring center through the distribution network for real-time monitoring of the quality of the radio coverage of the broadcast network.
  • the invention can accurately and flexibly monitor the synchronization quality and coverage quality of the terrestrial digital broadcast signal, and dynamically adjust the transmission time and the emission intensity of the transmitter according to the synchronization quality and the coverage quality monitoring result. It ensures the stability and control of the terrestrial digital broadcasting system. Even in the event of a GPS receiver failure in some transmitters, the system will still function properly.
  • the present invention is applicable to the technical field of terrestrial digital broadcast single frequency networks, and the method of the present invention is equally suitable for other fields in which similar applications exist.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Description

插入测量控制信息的插入方法、 装置和测量方法、 装置 技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域， 尤其涉及在地面数字广播单频网传输流里面插入测 量控制信息的装置、 系统和方法。 背景技术
单频网就是分布在不同地理位置上的各个发射机以相同的频率、相同的时 刻发送完全相同的符号。单频网是地面数字广播的一种组网方式， 该组网方式 有较高的频谱使用效率。
在基于 COFDM (Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ) 的数字地面电视广播单频网中， 如 DVB-T/H (Digital Video Broadcasting - Terrestial/Handset )单频网中， 频率和时间同步都是通过附加专用设备—— 单频网适配器而实现的。从 GPS卫星得到基准频率和秒脉冲信号（lpps)， 针对 频率同步要求， 用 GPS (Global Positioning Systems)的基准频率驱动每部发 射机内所有的级联振荡器； 并通过节目源所在地的单频网适配器在 MPEG - 2 TS (Transport Stream)码流中加入包含时间标签的在 TS流中周期性地插入 MIP (兆帧初始化包， 其分组标识 PID (PACKET iDENTIFIER) =15) 101。 在组建 单频网时， SFN (single- frequency network)适配器输出的 TS流经过传输适配 器时， 传输适配器必须不对 MIP包进行处理， 也就是对 SFN适配器输出的 TS 流进行透明适配、 传输。 MIP包含了系统的传输参数，其中对同步起重要作用 的是同步时间标志 (STS)和最大延时参数。 从而保证单频网中的数字基带信号 传输到不同的发射点的时延相同； 然后通过初级分布网络 (PDN)将节目码流发 送到各个发射站； 各发射站的单频网同步系统从码流的 MIP包中提取时间标 签， 对比本地收到的秒脉冲信号， 对码流进行附加的延时调整， 之后将码流送 入调制器， 在一个共同的时间发射信号， 以实现时间同步。
单频网适配器的输出是一个标准的 MPEG-2传输^许多数据包形成一组， 构成一个巨级帧 102 (如图 1中所示）， 每一个巨级帧由 n个数据包构成， η 是一个整数， 其大小取决于 DVB- T传输模式中， 每个超级帧 （Super Frame) 的 RS (Reed-Solomon )包的数量， 在 8k模式中 n是每个超级帧中 RS数据包数 量乘 2, 在 2k模式中， n是每个超级帧中 RS数据包数量乘 8。
图 1表示现有的同步控制参数的插入方法。 单频网适配器将 GPS的标准时 间和标准频率插入到 TS流中。它向 8k模式的 8个帧或 2k模式中的 32个帖的 整数倍构成的巨级帧 （Mega Frame) 102里面插入一个巨型帧初始包 （Mega Frame Initialization Packet-MIP) 101， DVB标准中为它分配一个标准 PID=0xl5, MIP 101可以插入到一个巨型帧的任何位置， 插入到第 n个巨型帧 的 ΜΙΡη通过指针可以帮助确定第 n +1个巨型帧的起始位置。 MIP包中的同步 时间标志 103 (synchronization— time— stamp = STS )是一个重要参数， 它 的内容是以 100ns为基本单位， 描述第 n+1个 MIP包前面的 lpps时钟的起点 104与这个 MIP包的实际起点 105的时间差。 巨级帧 （Mega Frame) 102中有 单频网信号的传输信令 TPS相关信息 106， 诸如： 信号调制方式、 分层方式、 保护间隔、 2k/8k模式的选用等信息。
专利申请 US20050037711 , "—种数字广播网测量装置和包含这种测量装 置的广播网 (Metrology device for the automatic monitoring of a digital signal broadcast network and a broadcast network comprising one such metrology device) " , 给出的方法是一种可以插入到现有广播网里面的测量 装置， 该装置用于在数字广播前端设备到中继设备和终端设备的不同环节上。 这种测量设备的工作方法是从广播码流中获取（分解）出控制信息， 对这些控 制信息进行监测， 并根据这些控制信息对广播内容进行监测和上报。
现有技术的缺点如下：
目前基于 C0FDM的数字地面电视广播系统目前存在信号覆盖不足、 重叠覆 盖区部分地方接收效果反而变差、 同步机制不可靠、组网协调复杂且低效、 自 恢复能力差等一系列问题， 这需要找到妥善解决这些问题的技术方案。 目前的 单频网组网技术及配套设备已比较成熱但由于除了数字电视传输系统之外还 有一个独立的 GPS系统， 一旦缺失了 GPS信息， 系统将处于瘫痪状态， 人工干 预也无法挽救， 这是非常不可靠和不安全的举措。
要使单频网稳定可靠工作， 每个发射机都要根据接收场强的要求来协调各 自的发射功率和信号发射延迟。 由于各地的地理环境、城市楼宇分布、 覆盖范 围及广播发射条件的差异， 在保证信号覆盖的前提下， 各地必须根据自身的特 点进行组网协调， 在发端预处理信号， 以保证收端的接收条件尽可能在接收机 的能力范围， 确保覆盖区的接收效果。 协调工作要求简单、 可靠、应急自恢复 能力强。
专利申请 US20050037711 , ，，一种数字广播网测量装置和包含这种测量装 置的广播网 (Metrology device for the automatic monitoring of a digital signal broadcast network and a broadcast network comprising one such metrology device) "给出了一种对广播系统中的控制信息和信号质量进行监 测的方法和装置但是这种装置并没有解决单频网情况下的同步监测和覆盖监 测问题。
现有的单频网使用的同步机制， 只能保障各个发射点同步地发送广播信 号， 无法对单频网的同步质量、 覆盖质量进行测量控制。 实事上， 现有的地面 数字广播标准是一个开路发送的标准， 无法满足闭环测试的要求。 发明公开
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种插入测量控制信息的插入方法、装 置和测量方法、装置，解决现有技术无法对单频网的同步质量、覆盖质量进行 测量控制的技术问题。
为实现上述发明目的， 本发明提供了一种插入测量控制信息的插入方法， 其特点在于， 包括： 设定测量窗口的位置参数和宽度参数， 将测量窗口、测量 内容和控制信息插入到地面数字广播单频网的传输流中，利用所述位置参数来 确定实施测量的起始点，利用所述宽度参数来确定实施测量的时间区间，利用 所述测量内容和控制信息来控制测量。
上述的插入方法， 其特点在于， 所述测量内容包括： 对临近发射机的到达 时间和到达时间差的测量， 以用于单频网的同步分析和同步控制；所述控制信 息包括： 发射控制信息和临近的发射机信息。
上述的插入方法， 其特点在于， 所述测量内容还包括： 对临近发射机在测 量装置处的信号强度或信号功率的测量，以用于分析数字广播网的覆盖质量监 测； 所述发射控制信息包括： 发射机要发送的供测量用的信号形式； 所述临近 的发射机信息包括：要测量的临近发射机的个数、临近发射机的识别号或者临 近发射机使用的伪随机噪声码、 临近发射机使用的频点信息。
上述的插入方法， 其特点在于， 所述测量内容还包括： 频偏估计和空闲频 上述的插入方法， 其特点在于， 通过以下方式之一将所述测量窗口、 测量 内容和控制信息插入到地面数字广播单频网的传输流中：方式一，把测量窗口 的位置参数和宽度参数作为所述传输流中的巨型帧初始包的一部分，把所述测 量内容和控制信息插入到部分或所有巨型帧初始包中；方式二，把测量窗口的 位置参数和宽度参数作为单独的带有分组标识的信息包插入所述传输流中。
为了更好的实现本发明的目的， 本发明还提供了一种插入测量控制信息的 插入装置， 其特点在于， 包括设置在单频网适配器中的插入单元， 所述插入单 元包括信息生成部分和信息写入部分；所述信息生成部分用于实现从测量控制 要求到符合巨型帧初始包格式的码表映射，所述信息写入部分用于把符合巨型 帧初始包格式的码表写入到巨型帧初始包；所述信息生成部分设定测量窗口的 位置参数和宽度参数，所述信息写入部分将测量窗口、测量内容和控制信息插 入到地面数字广播单频网的传输流中，从而利用所述位置参数来确定实施测量 的起始点，利用所述宽度参数来确定实施测量的时间区间，利用所述测量内容 和控制信息来控制测量。
为了更好的实现本发明的目的， 本发明还提供了一种根据上述的插入方法 进行测量的测量方法，其特点在于， 包括： 从所述地面数字广播单频网的传输 流中获取测量窗口的位置参数、 宽度参数以及所述测量内容和所述控制信息； 通过所述位置参数来确定实施测量的起始点，通过所述宽度参数来确定实施测 量的时间区间，在所述测量窗口的宽度范围内根据所述测量内容和所述控制信 息进行测量。
为了更好的实现本发明的目的， 本发明还提供了一种根据上述的测量方法 进行测量的测量装置， 其特点在于，包括顺序连接的天线、 多频段滤波器组、 多频段通道、参数测量单元和测量控制单元，所述测量控制单元还连接所述多 频段通道；所述测量控制单元从所述地面数字广播单频网的传输流中获取测量 窗口的位置参数、宽度参数以及所述测量内容和所述控制信息；通过所述位置 参数来确定实施测量的起始点， 通过所述宽度参数来确定实施测量的时间区 间， 在所述测量窗口的宽度范围内根据所述测量内容和所述控制信息进行测 上述的测量装置， 其特点在于，所述天线为一个多频段天线或多个天线组 成的多频段天线组合；所述多频段通道由超宽带放大器组成或者由低噪声放大 器组成； 所述参数测量单元由基带处理模块组成， 具有时域和频域处理能力， 具有信号幅度和到达时间参数的测量能力；所述测量控制单元由数字处理器组 成， 控制所述多频段通道、所述参数测量单元进入相应的测量模式， 并且把所 述参数测量单元的测量结果传送给网络。
为了更好的实现本发明的目的， 本发明还提供了一种包括有上述的测量装 置的数字广播信号监测系统， 其特点在于，包括由主发射层和辅助发射层组成 的双层协同同频发射的数字广播网结构；所述主发射层由多个能够发射频率相 同、覆盖一定区域的电磁波的主发射机组成； 所述辅助发射层由多个能够发射 频率相同、覆盖一定区域的电磁波的辅助发射机组成， 所述辅助发射机中包括 有所述测量装置， 所述测量装置对所述主发射机发射的信号进行测量。
本发明的优点在于： 本发明通过在 TS流中插入测量控制信息， 可以准确、 灵活地监视地面数字广播信号的同步质量、 覆盖质量， 根据同步质量、 覆盖质 量的监测结果对发射机的发射时间和发射强度进行动态调 保证了地面数字 广播系统的稳定、 可控。 即便是在某些发射机使用的 GPS接收机故障的情况 下， 系统仍然可以正常工作。
此外， 从对广播网监测的角度， 本发明提供了一套覆盖范围广、 建网成本 低的系统， 对无线广播电视网络中播出信号的安全性、 质量、 内容进行实时监 测， 这些监测包括： 1 )及时了解网络运行情况， 发现有害干扰信号， 并准确 了解发生事故的位置； 2)对播出质量（如电平、 载噪比等技术参数）进行监 测， 及时发现前端各套节目播出的重大异态， 汇总、 处理、 分析监测数据； 3) 对各前端播出的各套节目内容进行巡回监测或锁定频道监测，及时了解播出的 频道和播出的节目内容。 附图简要说明
图 1是现有的在 MPEG-2 TS流中插入 MIP包的方法的示意图；
图 2是本发明提供的一种插入测量控制信息的方法的示意图；
图 3是本发明提供的一种数字广播信号测量装置的示意图；
图 4是本发明提供的一种在 DMBTS流中插入测量窗口位置和窗口宽度的实 例的示意图； 图 5是本发明提供的一种数字广播信号监测系统实例的示意图 实现本发明的最佳方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明。
从数字广播单频网稳定工作的角度， 在数字广播传输流中插入测量控制信 可以实现对上层的广播发射机发射的信号和同一层面内的广播发射机发射 的信号的测量， 测量内容包括： 到达时间差、 信号强度、 各个发射机之间的同 步关系等。
另外， 引入测量能力之后， 即便是某个或者某些发射机使用的 GPS信号丧 失或异常，这些发射机也可以利用自身测量得到的上层的广播发射机发射的信 号、 同一层面内的广播发射机发射的信号与本发射机之间的时间关系， 来估计 自己的发射时间， 保障单频网的工作不会瘫痪。
从对广播网监测的角度， 目前需要一套覆盖范围广、 建网成本低的系统， 对无线广播电视网络中播出信号的安全性、 质量、 内容进行实时监测， 这些监 测包括： 1 )及时了解网络运行情况， 发现有害干扰信号， 并准确了解发生事 故的位置； 2)对播出质量 （如电平、 载噪比等技术参数）进行监测， 及时发 现前端各套节目播出的重大异态， 汇总、 处理、 分析监测数据； 3 )对各前端 播出的各套节目内容进行巡回监测或锁定频道监测，及时了解播出的频道和播 出的节目内容。
本发明的实施主要包括 A)、 B)、 C) 三部分。
A) 部分： 一种在 MPEG- 2传输流 TS中插入测量控制信息的方法
插入的基本参量如图 2所示， 包括如下步骤：
第一步， 确定测量窗口的表示方法
见图 2， 测量窗口的表示包括： 测量窗口的位置（参数） 204和测量窗口 的宽度（参数） 205;
测量窗口的位置（参数） 204可以用窗口的起始点表示， 也可以用窗口的 中心点表示， 一般地， 使用测量窗口起始点 tO表示测量窗口的时间位置 201 ; 测量窗口的宽度（参数） 205表示实施测量的时间区间 TW ( 202)； 第二步， 确定测量窗口的位置和窗口大小；
测量窗口 202的位置 201 (窗口的起始点 t0)使用相对于 GPS秒脉冲 104 的时间 t0来表示， 见图 2; t0可以是相对于测量窗口 202前的第若干个秒脉 冲的时间， 一般地， t0是相对于测量窗口 202前的第一个秒脉冲的时间； 测量窗口的宽度（参数） 205表示实施测量的时间区间 TW (202), TW (202) 的宽度可以是一个 OFDM字符总长的一部分， 如宽度是保护间隔 Δ， 也可以是 一个 0FDM字符总长的整数倍， 如 1〜N个 0FDM字符总长；
第三步， 确定需要插入的测量内容和测量控制信息
首先， 确定要测量的基本的测量内容。
基本的测量内容包括： 临近发射机（此处的发射机可以是数字电视广播的 发射机， 也可以是其它系统的发射机） 到达时间 （T0A:TIME OF ARRIVAL)和 到达时间差（TD0A: TIME DIFFERENCE OF ARRIVAL)测量； 该测量量用于单频网 同步分析和同步控制。
进一步地， 临近发射机（此处的发射机可以是数字电视广播的发射机， 也 可以是其它系统的发射机）在测量装置处的信号强度或信号功率测量， 用于分 析数字广播网的覆盖质量监测（当对其它系统的发射机， 如工作在电视广播频 段内灵活使用频谱的移动通信系统， 进行测量时， 就可以用于该系统的覆盖质 量分析)；
进一步地， 测量内容还可以包括： 频偏估计、 空闲频率测量（当对某个使 用情况不确定的频段进行测量时， 就是对频谱环境的监测）；
然后， 确定为了完成上述测量内容需要发送的控制信息。
基本的控制信息包括： 发射控制信息。
发射控制信息包括： 发射机要发送的供测量用的信号形式， 这种信号形式 可以是随 TS携带的， 也可以是在发射机处产生的， 这些信号形式以编码方式 标识；
测量控制信息包括： 临近的发射机信息，这里的临近的发射机是指存在于 测量装置或者带有测量装置的某个数字广播发射机附近的一个或者多个发射 机， 这些发射机一般地是指数字广播发射机， 或者具有发射数字广播信号功能 的发射机， 也可以是其他类型的发射机
测量控制信息中临近的发射机信息包括： 要测量的临近发射机的个数、 临 近发射机的识别号（ID) 或者临近发射机使用的 PN (伪随机噪声码， Pseudo noise Code)码、 临近发射机使用的频点信息； 第四步， 确定插入测量控制信息的方式；
可以在构成标准的 MPEG-2传输流的巨级帧 102的任何位置插入测量控制 信息，
一种插入方式是把测量窗口的位置（参数） 204和测量窗口的宽度（参数） 205可以是作为巨型帧初始包（MIP) 101的一部分； 在把测量窗口的位置（参 数） 204和测量窗口的宽度（参数） 205作为巨型帧初始包（MIP) 101的一部 分时， 可以是每个（MIP) 101都连续地插入测量控制信息， 也可以只在部分 巨型帧初始包 （MIP) 101中插入测量控制信息。
一种插入方式是把测量窗口的位置（参数） 204和测量窗口的宽度（参数） 205作为单独的带有 PID的信息包插入 MPEG-2传输流中。
B)部分： 一种实现测量控制信息插入的装置
一种实现测量控制信息插入的装置由单频网适配器中增加测量控制信息 插入单元组成。
测量控制信息插入单元包括测量控制信息生成和测量控制信息写入。
测量控制信息生成部分实现从测量控制要求到符合 MIP格式的码表映射， 测量控制信息写入过程中把符合巨型帧初始包 （MIP)格式的码表写入到巨型 帧初始包（MIP)。
C)部分： 一种数字广播信号测量装置。
数字广播信号测量装置用于对其所在位置的数字广播信号的到达时间、 信 号幅度、工作频点等参数进行测量。实现测量控制信息插入的装置把测量控制 信息插入到传输流 TS中，而数字广播信号测量装置则从传输流 TS中获取这些 测量控制信息， 按照测量控制信息中提供的方式（如启动测量的时刻， 需要测 量的发射机个数和发射机的 ID)来获得测量控制信息内指定的测量参数（如 各个临近发射机信号的达到时间差、 各个临近发射机的信号幅度等)。
数字广播信号测量装置包括天线 301、 多频段滤波器组 302、 多频段通道 303、 参数测量单元 304、 测量控制单元 305。
测量控制单元 305从 MPEG- 2解复用单元获取巨型帧初始包（MIP) 101中 的测量控制信息， 如， 获取测量窗口起始点 t0 (201)和实施测量的时间区间 TW (202)；
测量控制单元 305对巨型帧初始包（MIP) 101中的各种测量控制信息进行 06 000674 解析， 并控制相应的测量。
天线 301可以是一个多频段天线， 也可以是多个天线组成的多频段天线组 合， 多频段天线组合可以包括基站或接入点的天线； 多频段通道 303可以包含 由超宽带放大器组成， 也可以由一组优化设计的 LNA (低噪声放大器）组成； 参数测量单元 304由基带处理模块组成， 具有时域和频域处理能力， 具有信号 幅度、 到达时间等参数的测量能力； 为了时延测量时间的严格同步， 参数测量 单元 304使用 GPS时间作为时钟。测量控制单元 305由数字处理器组成， 测量 控制单元 305控制多频段通道 303、 参数测量单元 304进入相应的测量模式， 并且把 参数测量单元 304的测量结果传送给网络。
数字广播信号测量装置的一种实现方式是： 利用终端中使用的商用终端使 用的接收机芯片构造多频段通道 303、 参数测量单元 304。 这种实现方法可以 降低数字广播信号测量装置的实现成本， 缩短设计时间。 比如， 使用手机电视 接收机的调协器或者使用 UWB截获搜机前端来构多频段通道 303并对电视广 播信号进行接收、 测量。
数字广播信号测量装置可以和数字广播发射机综合设计或者共址安装， 也 可以和数字广播发射机分离设计和分开安装。
数字广播信号测量装置在接收到测量控制指令之前， 周期地对其位置处的 电视广播信号进行测量， 当发射机接收到测量命令之后， 为了达到对临近发射 机发射信号的测量效果， 可以关闭本地发射机， 其关闭时间和测量窗口宽度一 致；
数字广播信号测量装置从发射控制信息中解析出实施测量的测量装置的 ID, (或者是其依托的基站的 ID)， 如果数字广播信号测量装置得到启动本装 置进行测量的信息， 就开始在规定的窗口内进行测量；
实施例 1 为在地面数字多媒体电视广播 (DMB-T)中插入测量控制信息。 地面数字多媒体电视广播 (DMB-T)协议基于 TDS-0FDM技术， 其物理信道帧 结构如图 4所示。 帧结构是分级的， 1个基本帧结构称为 1个信号帧。 帧群定 义为 255个信号帧， 其第一帧定义为帧群头。 帧群中的信号帧有唯一的帧号， 标号从 0〜254， 信号帧号 (FN)被编码到当前信号帧的帧同步 PN序列中。
超帧定义为一组帧群， 帧结构的顶层称为超帧群。 超帧被编号， 从 0到最 大帧群号。 超帧号 (SFN)与超帧群号 (SFGN)—起被编码到超帧的第一个帧群头 中。
超帧群号 (SFGN)被定义为超帧群发送的日历日期， 超帧群以一个自然日为 周期进行周期性重 它被编码为下行线路超帧群中一个超帧的第一个帧群头 中的前两个字节。 在太平洋标准时间（PST)或北京时间 0 : 0 : 0AM， 物理信道帧 结构被复位并开始一个新的超帧群。
一个信号帧由两部分组成： 帧同步和帧体。 帧同步信号采用沃尔什编码的 随机序列， 以实现多基站识别。 帧同步包含前同步、 PN序列和后同步。 对于 一个信号帧群中的不同信号帧， 有不同的帧同步信号。 所以， 帧同步能作一个 特殊信号帧的帧同步特征而用于识别。 帧同步采用 BPSK (二进制相移键控)调 制以得到稳定的同步。
帧体的基带信号是一个正交频分复用（OF謹)块。 一个 OFDM块可进一步分 成保护间隔和一个 DFT (离散傅立叶变换）块， 如图 4所示。 DFT块在其时域 中有 3780个取样， 它们是频域中 3780个子载波的逆离散傅氏变换。
为了对单频组网下的各个地面数字多媒体电视广播 (DMB- T)之间的同步关 系和信号强度测量， 采取如下步骤， 见图 4:
首先每个数字广播信号测量装置在测量之前已经获得了邻基站使用的 ID 号或者 PN序列值， 这种获得可以是预先配置， 也可以是通过 TS流传输的；
1)把地面数字多媒体电视广播 (DMB-T) 物理信道帧中的某个帧同步区间 401的起始点作为测量窗口的起始点 该起始点相对于 GPS秒脉冲的时间差 t0 (如图 2中的标记 201 )作为测量窗口的位置 （参数） 204的取值；
2)把地面数字多媒体电视广播 (DMB-T) 物理信道帧中的某个帧同步区间 401的持续时间作为测量窗口的宽度 TW (如图 2中的标记 202)， 该宽度作为 测量窗口的宽度（参数） 205的取值；
3)数字广播信号测量装置从发射控制信息中解析出实施测量的测量装置 的 ID， （或者是其依托的基站的 ID)，
如果数字广播信号测量装置得到启动本装置进行测量的信息， 就开始在规 定的窗口内进行测量；
如果数字广播信号测量装置得到的是邻基站启动测量的信息， 就在规定的 窗口内， 按照测量控制信息的指令发送表示自己本地发射机 ID的 PN序列， 该 PN序列供临近测量装置接收并根据该 PN序列测量出感兴趣的参数； 4)数字广播信号测量装置在规定的窗口 401内， 对信号幅度 （或功率） 测量、 到达时间差测量；
一种测量方式是根据预先知道的各个待测临近基站使用的 PN序列， 由测 量装置产生出这些 PN序列，然后使用这些产生的 PN序列与测量装置接收到的 信号进行相关运算， 其输出相关峰值就是信号的到达时刻， 不同 PN序列相关 峰值之差就是不同发射机在测量装置处的到达时间差。
在多径环境下， 有多种估计到达时间和到达时间差的方法， 如首径法、 质 心法一种估计到达时间和到达时间差的方法是使用监测到的首径作为到达时 间。
实施例 2 为一种数字广播信号监测系统。
一种双层协同同频发射的数字广播网结构由主发射层 501和辅助发射层 502组成。
主发射层 501由若干个可以发射频率相同、 覆盖一定区域的电磁波的主发 射机组成， 主发射层内的发射机可以带有本发明所述的数字广播信号测量装 置， 也可以不带发明所述的数字广播信号测量装置；
辅助发射层 502由若干个可以发射频率相同、 覆盖一定区域的电磁波的辅 助发射机组成辅助发射层内的发射机带有本发明所述的数字广播信号测量装 '置；
主发射层 501内的主发射机发射的电磁波， 如 501a， 的覆盖区域大于辅助 发射层 502内的辅助发射机发射的电磁波， 如 502a， 的覆盖区域。 一般地， 一个主发射层 501内主发射机发射的电磁波覆盖的区域内，存在若干个辅助发 射机发射的电磁波， 比如， 在电磁波 501a覆盖的区域内存在电磁波 502a、 502b, 502c等， 并且， 一个主发射层 501内主发射机发射的电磁波覆盖的区 域内， 存在若干个本发明所述的数字广播信号测量装置；
主发射层 501内的主发射机发射的电磁波与辅助发射层 502内的辅助发射 机发射的电磁波具有相同的频象主发射层 501内的主发射机发射的电磁波与 辅助发射层 502内的辅助发射机发射的电磁波承载相同的信息符号，一种方法 是把同一种广播码流， 通过配送网 503， 发送给主发射层 501内的所有主发射 机和辅助发射层 502内的所有辅助发射机辅助发射机与其辅助的主发射机以 特定的同步关 ¾把通过配送网 503送来的与主发射机发射的信息符号发送出 6 000674 去。
配送网 503可以是有线网， 如蜂窝移动通信的无线接入网 （RAN: radio access network), 有线电视的 HFC (hybrid fiber and cable)网、 全光网 （如 无源光纤网 PON，有源光纤网 APON), 电力线通信网； 或者也可以是无线网， 如 蜂窝基站与中继器之间的无线链路、 LMDS或者卫星链路。
主发射层 501内的主发射机的一种实现方式是使用地面数字多媒体电视广 播（DMB-T,基于 TDS-0FDM技术）；
主发射层 501内的主发射机的一种实现方式是使用地面数字广播的发射机 DVB-T;
主发射层 501内的主发射机的一种实现方式是使用地面数字广播的发射机 DVB-H;
主发射层 501内的主发射机的一种实现方式是使用具有广播发射能力的蜂 窝移动通信基站的发射机；
辅助发射层 502内的发射机具有和主发射层 501内的主发射机相同的频谱 和编码调制方式；
本实例给出的测量系统的一种工作模式是对主发射层 501内的主发射机发 射的信号进行测量， 此为本实例的创新内容， 其方法是- 辅助发射层 502内带有本发明所述的数字广播信号测量装置的发射机在巨 型帧初始包（MIP) 101携带的测量窗口 （测量窗口的位置（参数） 204表示的 位置 201 (窗口的起始点 t0)、 测量窗口的宽度 （参数） 205中表示的时间区 间 TW 202) 内， 对主发射层 501内的主发射机发射的信号的幅度和到达时间 (差）进行测量；
为了配合辅助发射层 502内的数字广播信号测量装置的测量， 巨型帧初始 包（MIP) 101携带的测量控制信息中对主发射机在测量窗口内要插入的发射 机 ID信息（用特定的 PN序列表示）进行了规定， 主发射机在测量窗口内发送 所规定的信号形式；
巨型帧初始包（MIP) 101携带的测量窗口的宽度（参数） 205中表示的时 间区间 TW 202的取值是 1个完整的 0FDM字符总长度， 在这样一个 0FDM字符 总长度内， 辅助发射层 502内的发射机停止对主发射层的协同发射， 以便数字 广播信号测量装置对主发射层发射的信号进行准确测量； 辅助发射层 502内本发明所述的数字广播信号测量装置在测量窗口内对主 发射层 501内的主发射机的 ID信息（用特定的 PN序列迸行表示）， 进行测量 的方法是： 数字广播信号测量装置用本地产生的 PN序列与测量装置接收到的 主发射机发送的特定的 PN序列（带有发射机 ID信息）进行相关运算， 其输出 相关峰值就是信号的到达时刻， 不同 PN序列相关峰值之差就是不同发射机在 测量装置处的到达时间差。
测量结果通过分配网发送到数字广播信号监测中心， 用于对广播网无线覆 盖质量的实时监测。
当然， 本发明还可有其他多种实施例， 在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情 况下， 熟悉本领域的技术人员当可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形， 但 这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。 工业应用性
本发明通过在 TS流中插入测量控制信息， 可以准确、 灵活地监视地面数 字广播信号的同步质量、 覆盖质量， 根据同步质量、 覆盖质量的监测结果对发 射机的发射时间和发射强度进行动态调整， 保证了地面数字广播系统的稳定、 可控。 即便是在某些发射机使用的 GPS接收机故障的情况下， 系统仍然可以正 常工作。本发明适用于地面数字广播单频网的技术领域，本发明方法同样适合 存在类似应用的其他各领域。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种插入测量控制信息的插入方法， 其特征在于， 包括： 设定测量窗 口的位置参数和宽度参数，将测量窗口、测量内容和控制信息插入到地面数字 广播单频网的传输流中，利用所述位置参数来确定实施测量的起始点，利用所 述宽度参数来确定实施测量的时间区间，利用所述测量内容和控制信息来控制
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的插入方法， 其特征在于， 所述测量内容包括： 对临近发射机的到达时间和到达时间差的测量，以用于单频网的同步分析和同 步控制； 所述控制信息包括： 发射控制信息和临近的发射机信息。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的插入方法， 其特征在于， 所述测量内容还包括： 对临近发射机在测量装置处的信号强度或信号功率的测量，以用于分析数字广 播网的覆盖质量监测；
所述发射控制信息包括： 发射机要发送的供测量用的信号形式；
所述临近的发射机信息包括： 要测量的临近发射机的个数、 临近发射机的 识别号或者临近发射机使用的伪随机噪声码、 临近发射机使用的频点信息。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的插入方法， 其特征在于， 所述测量内容还包括： 频偏估计和空闲频率的测量。
5、 根据权利要求 1、 2、 3或 4所述的插入方法， 其特征在于， 通过以下 方式之一将所述测量窗口、测量内容和控制信息插入到地面数字广播单频网的 传输流中：
方式一， 把测量窗口的位置参数和宽度参数作为所述传输流中的巨型帧初 始包的一部分， 把所述测量内容和控制信息插入到部分或所有巨型帧初始包 中；
方式二， 把测量窗口的位置参数和宽度参数作为单独的带有分组标识的信 息包插入所述传输流中。
6、 一种插入测量控制信息的插入装置， 其特征在于， 包括设置在单频网 适配器中的插入单元， 所述插入单元包括信息生成部分和信息写入部分； 所述信息生成部分用于实现从测量控制要求到符合巨型帧初始包格式的 码表映射，所述信息写入部分用于把符合巨型帧初始包格式的码表写入到巨型 帧初始包；所述信息生成部分设定测量窗口的位置参数和宽度参数，所述信息 写入部分将测量窗口、测量内容和控制信息插入到地面数字广播单频网的传输 流中，从而利用所述位置参数来确定实施测量的起始点，利用所述宽度参数来 确定实施测量的时间区间， 利用所述测量内容和控制信息来控制测量。
7、 一种根据权利要求 1所述的插入方法进行测量的测量方法， 其特征在 于， 包括： 从所述地面数字广播单频网的传输流中获取测量窗口的位置参数、 宽度参数以及所述测量内容和所述控制信息；通过所述位置参数来确定实施测 量的起始点，通过所述宽度参数来确定实施测量的时间区间，在所述测量窗口 的宽度范围内根据所述测量内容和所述控制信息进行测量。
8、 一种根据权利要求 7所述的测量方法进行测量的测量装置， 其特征在 于，包括顺序连接的天线、 多频段滤波器组、 多频段通道、 参数测量单元和测 量控制单元， 所述测量控制单元还连接所述多频段通道；
所述测量控制单元从所述地面数字广播单频网的传输流中获取测量窗口 的位置参数、宽度参数以及所述测量内容和所述控制信息；通过所述位置参数 来确定实施测量的起始点，通过所述宽度参数来确定实施测量的时间区间，在 所述测量窗口的宽度范围内根据所述测量内容和所述控制信息进行测量。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的测量装置， 其特征在于，所述天线为一个多频段 天线或多个天线组成的多频段天线组合；所述多频段通道由超宽带放大器组成 或者由低噪声放大器组成；所述参数测量单元由基带处理模块组成， 具有时域 和频域处理能力， 具有信号幅度和到达时间参数的测量能力； 所述测量控制单 元由数字处理器组成，控制所述多频段通道、所述参数测量单元进入相应的测 量模式， 并且把所述参数测量单元的测量结果传送给网络。
10、 一种包括有权利要求 8所述的测量装置的数字广播信号监测系统， 其 特征在于,包括由主发射层和辅助发射层组成的双层协同同频发射的数字广播 网结构；
所述主发射层由多个能够发射频率相同、 覆盖一定区域的电磁波的主发射 机组成；
所述辅助发射层由多个能够发射频率相同、 覆盖一定区域的电磁波的辅助 发射机组成， 所述辅助发射机中包括有所述测量装置，所述测量装置对所述主 发射机发射的信号进行测量。
PCT/CN2006/000674 2006-04-14 2006-04-14 An inserting method and device for inserting control information, and a measuring method and device Ceased WO2007118348A1 (en)

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US20050037711A1 (en) * 2001-12-13 2005-02-17 Telediffusion De France Metrology device for the automatic monitoring of a digital signal broadcast network and a broadcast network comprising one such metrology device
CN1678068A (zh) * 2004-04-01 2005-10-05 清华大学 地面数字电视广播的单频网系统及其实现方法

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US20050037711A1 (en) * 2001-12-13 2005-02-17 Telediffusion De France Metrology device for the automatic monitoring of a digital signal broadcast network and a broadcast network comprising one such metrology device
CN1678068A (zh) * 2004-04-01 2005-10-05 清华大学 地面数字电视广播的单频网系统及其实现方法

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