Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
  • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
  • C05B3/00—Fertilisers based essentially on di-calcium phosphate
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
  • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
  • C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
  • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
  • C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
  • C05B1/02—Superphosphates

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a fertilizer composition, a method for producing the same, and a method for using the same.
• a fertilizer in which a plurality of components are blended in a well-balanced manner to supplement the components necessary for the growth of plants such as crops and florets is used.
• the plant When fertilizing in a solid state, the plant will use the nutrients dissolved by the moisture in the soil. However, the nutrients may become excessive or insufficient, or the concentration of fertilizer may partially differ. It has problems such as adverse effects on crops, disturbance of continuous cropping due to salt accumulation, and runoff of fertilizer components into groundwater and rivers! For this reason, fertilizers that are made into an aqueous solution that can easily supply the necessary amount of components to the plant are also commonly used.
• This fertilizer is called liquid fertilizer, and it is used especially in the hydroponics method for managing fertilization of plants.
• hydroponics method a medium culture method in which a plant body is planted on a support such as rubble, sand, peat, vermiculite, pumice, ogattaz, rock wall, urethane, etc., and liquid fertilizer is supplied to the plant body.
• a support such as rubble, sand, peat, vermiculite, pumice, ogattaz, rock wall, urethane, etc.
• liquid fertilizer is supplied to the rhizosphere of a plant planted in the soil and fertilizer components are added and irrigated at the same time.
• the three major elements of fertilizer components are nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium, which is an important component for plant growth.
• Calcium is an important component especially for cultivation methods with limited rhizosphere, such as culture medium culture method, hydroponics method, and hydroponics method.
• Fertilizer composition in which urea phosphate and calcium nitrate are combined (Patent Document 1), phosphoric acid and ammonium phosphate, or phosphoric acid A fertilizer composition (Patent Document 2) in which a double salt is mixed with calcium nitrate or calcium phosphate has been proposed.
• Patent Literature 2 Special Table 2003-529525
• the present invention is a fertilizer capable of supplying nitrogen, phosphoric acid and calcium essential for the growth of plants, has excellent storage stability, and produces a phosphate precipitate when dissolved in water.
• the main task is to provide a solid fertilizer composition that does not contain any fertilizer.
• the present inventors dared to use calcium phosphate, which has been avoided to be used as a liquid fertilizer component by precipitating in water with poor solubility in water, and has not been practically used as a fertilizer component until now. By combining with urea nitrate, precipitates are formed in the aqueous solution. If a fertilizer composition that does not occur is obtained, it can be unexpectedly expected that a special effect will be manifested, and that the fertilizer composition obtained should be fertilized as an aqueous solution to prevent phytotoxicity on the plant body. I found it. The present inventors have also found that the long-term storage stability at room temperature in the solid state can be further improved by adjusting the particle diameter of the calcium phosphate used. The present invention has been completed based on these findings.
• the present invention provides a fertilizer composition according to items 1 to 6 below, a method for producing a fertilizer composition according to item 7, and a fertilization method according to item 8.
• Item 1 A solid fertilizer composition comprising urea nitrate and calcium phosphate.
• Item 2 The solid fertilizer composition according to Item 1, comprising 5 parts by weight of calcium phosphate to 10 parts by weight of L to 100 parts by weight of urea nitrate.
• Item 3 The solid fertilizer composition according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the calcium phosphate contains calcium phosphate having a particle size of 200 mesh or less, and the content thereof is 40% by weight or less based on the total amount of calcium phosphate.
• Item 4 The solid fertilizer composition according to any one of Items 1 to 3, wherein the calcium phosphate is dicalcium phosphate or a hydrate thereof.
• Item 5 A liquid fertilizer composition comprising urea nitrate and calcium phosphate dissolved in water.
• Item 6 The fertilizer composition according to any one of Items 1 to 5 used in the hydroponics method.
• Item 7 After dissolving a solid fertilizer composition that also has urea nitrate and calcium phosphate power in 3 to 20 times the weight of water, add water so that the total weight of the water is 200 to 5000 times the weight of the solid fertilizer composition.
• Item 6. A method for producing a liquid fertilizer composition according to Item 5.
• Item 8 A fertilizer application method, wherein the liquid fertilizer composition according to Item 5 is applied to the stem and Z or leaf of a plant body.
• the plant body means all agricultural and horticultural crops conventionally cultivated, and examples thereof include vegetables, fruit buds, flower buds, and foliage plants.
• the fertilizer composition of the present invention is substantially composed of urea nitrate and calcium phosphate.
• urea nitrate those produced industrially can be used.
• a powdery product, a granular product, a massive product, etc. can be used.
• urea nitrate is preferably in the form of powder or granules.
• calcium phosphate primary calcium phosphate (calcium dihydrogen phosphate), secondary calcium phosphate (calcium monohydrogen phosphate), tricalcium phosphate and hydrates thereof can be used. Of these, dicalcium phosphate and hydrates thereof are particularly preferable.
• calcium phosphates naturally occurring ones and industrially produced ones can be used.
• raw materials for the fertilizer composition of the present invention powders, granules, lumps and the like can be used, but in view of mixing with other components and subsequent solubility in water, etc.
• Calcium is preferably in the form of powder or granules.
• a combination of urea nitrate and calcium phosphate is preferable because it does not exhibit hygroscopicity and is stable in storage at room temperature.
• the particle diameter can be adjusted using a sieve.
• the blending ratio of urea nitrate and calcium phosphate is usually 5 to 10 parts by weight of calcium phosphate, preferably 8 to 80 parts by weight, more preferably 10 to 70 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of urea nitrate.
• the weight part may be used.
• the fertilizer composition of the present invention may appropriately contain a fertilizer component that is solid at room temperature, such as potassium nitrate, which can be usually used.
• a fertilizer component that is solid at room temperature such as potassium nitrate
• the content thereof is usually 500 parts by weight or less, preferably 10 to 500 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of urea nitrate.
• One form of the fertilizer composition of the present invention is a solid fertilizer, preferably a powder fertilizer.
• Powder fertilizer has the advantage that it can reduce weight and occupied area compared with aqueous fertilizer in circulation.
• Another form of the solid fertilizer composition of the present invention is a liquid fertilizer, which is a liquid fertilizer composition that is applied to a plant by dissolving the solid fertilizer composition of the present invention in water.
• the concentrated liquid of the first step is obtained by dissolving the solid fertilizer composition of the present invention in 3 to 20 times by weight, preferably 3.5 to 15 times by weight, more preferably 4 to: LO times by weight of water. Can be prepared.
• concentration of urea nitrate at this time is about 900 to 50000 ppm in terms of total nitrogen, and the calcium phosphate concentration is about 100 to 36000 ppm in terms of PO,
• the total is about 90-28000ppm.
• the dilution liquid in the second step is preferably 200 to 5000 times the weight of the concentrated liquid prepared in the first step as the total amount of water used. It can be prepared by adding water and diluting to 300 to 3000 weight, more preferably 500 to 2000 times weight. Divide the dilution into several steps and finally achieve the desired concentration.
• concentration of urea nitrate at this time is about 3.6 to 750 ppm in terms of total nitrogen, and the calcium phosphate concentration is about 0.4 to 540 ppm in terms of PO, and 0.36 to about 0.3 in terms of CaO.
• the liquid fertilizer composition of the present invention even though it contains urea nitric acid, which has not been put into practical use because of conventional phytotoxicity, the rhizosphere region of the plant body, particularly the stem of the plant body Even when applied to leaves and leaves, there is very little risk of chemical damage. Furthermore, despite containing calcium phosphate classified as soluble, sufficient solubility in water can be imparted. Therefore, the method for applying the liquid fertilizer composition of the present invention to a plant body is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately set according to the cultivation method.
• cultivation methods include fertilization methods in hydroponics, such as hydroponic cultivation methods, hydroponic cultivation methods, solid medium cultivation methods, etc. Or the processing method etc. which use the irrigation tube of a hydroponic cultivation method can be mentioned.
• the hydroponics method is a method for controlling the amount of fertilization according to the growth or situation of the plant body. For this reason, the formation of precipitates in the liquid fertilizer impairs the uniform concentration of the components in the liquid fertilizer Hindered fertilization management. Moreover, in the hydroponics method, the precipitate is filtered by the fertilizer In addition, it may cause clogging of the irrigation hole and cause a failure by overloading the liquid delivery system. Since the fertilizer composition of the present invention can avoid these problems because of its excellent water solubility, it is suitable as a fertilizer for hydroponics.
• urea nitrate suppresses seed germination or significantly causes phytotoxicity to the leaves of the plant body.
• the liquid fertilizer composition of the present invention the plant body before germination, after germination, etc. Regardless of the growth stage, especially when applied to the foliage, it exhibits an excellent effect that no phytotoxicity is exhibited, so foliage treatment is possible by means such as watering or spraying.
• phosphoric acid power lucum classified as soluble phosphoric acid can be used as a raw material for liquid fertilizer.
• urea nitrate which is not used as a fertilizer component, with fear of phytotoxicity as a fertilizer component.
• a solid fertilizer having excellent long-term storage stability can be provided.
• part means “weight part” unless otherwise specified.
• a solid fertilizer composition 1 10 parts by weight of urea nitrate and 10 parts by weight of dibasic calcium phosphate (particle size: 200 mesh or less: 10% by weight) are thoroughly mixed with a Shinagawa mixer (Dalton) to produce a solid fertilizer composition (hereinafter referred to as “A solid fertilizer composition 1 ”t ⁇ ⁇ ) was obtained.
• solid fertilizer composition Using 10 parts by weight of urea nitrate and 10 parts by weight of dibasic calcium phosphate (particle size: 200 mesh or less: 58% by weight), in the same manner as in Example 1, a solid fertilizer composition (hereinafter referred to as “solid fertilizer composition”) was used. 2 ”t ⁇ ⁇ ) was obtained.
• Comparative Examples 1 to 3 In the combination shown in Table 1, each compound was mixed in the same manner as in Example 1 to produce Comparative Compositions 1 to 7.
• Solid fertilizer composition 1, solid fertilizer composition 2 and comparative compositions 1 to 3 were added to 180 parts by weight of water to prepare a 10 wt% concentrated aqueous solution. The transparency of each concentrated aqueous solution was visually observed and evaluated according to the following criteria. The results are shown in Table 1.
• Test Example 3 (Hygroscopic evaluation test)
• Solid fertilizer composition 1, solid fertilizer composition 2 and comparative compositions 1 to 3 were each placed in a weighing bottle, and the weight was measured as the weight before the test.
• the weighing bottle was left open in a desiccator containing an ammonium sulfate solution and adjusted to a relative humidity of 60%. Seven days later, each weighing bottle was taken out, and the weight was measured as the weight after the test.
• the moisture absorption rate was calculated according to the following formula. Table the results
• each composition was taken out from the weighing bottle, and the powder state was evaluated according to the following criteria. did.
• A A smooth solid (powder) with excellent fluidity.
• Solid fertilizer composition 1 50 parts by weight of water was added to 10 parts by weight and dissolved with sufficient stirring to prepare a concentrated aqueous solution. Next, 2450 parts by weight of water was added to the concentrated aqueous solution and stirred sufficiently to prepare a diluted aqueous solution. The obtained diluted aqueous solution was suction filtered with a membrane filter, and the membrane filter was washed with water and dried. No solid matter was observed on the filter surface, and no change in filter weight before and after filtration was observed.
• solid fertilizer composition 20 parts by weight of urea nitrate, dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate (particle size 200 mesh or less content: 8% by weight) 13 parts by weight, 24 parts by weight of potassium nitrate and other components, TN: 10%, PO: 6. 0%, K 0: 11%, others: 1. 7% solid fertilizer composition (hereinafter referred to as “solid
• a body fertilizer composition 3 was prepared.
• Solid fertilizer composition 3 Dissolve 10 parts by weight in water to give 50 parts by weight solution, and then add 3570 parts by weight of water to this solution to obtain a liquid fertilizer composition (hereinafter referred to as "liquid fertilizer composition”). I got thing 1 ”). It was noted that precipitates were observed in the aqueous solution.
• commercially available fertilizer "fertilizer for hydroponically grown fruit vegetables” manufactured by Katakura Chikkarin Co., Ltd.) 304-fold diluted aqueous solution (Comparative fertilizer 1) and aqueous solution of urea nitrate in water to a total nitrogen content of 280 ppm (Comparative fertilizer 2) was used.
• a cultivation test was performed using Komatsuna "Natsu Rakuten” (Takii Seedling Co., Ltd.). The test period was 24 km from late October to mid November.
• Fill a Neubauer pot (inner diameter 11.3cm, height 6.5cm) with 500ml of soil (Kumiai Aina No.2, manufactured by Katakura Chikkarin Co., Ltd.), so that the soil water content in the pot is 50-60%.
• Liquid fertilizer composition 1, comparative fertilizer 1 and comparative fertilizer 2 prepared above were added, respectively. Each pot was sown with 20 komatsuna seeds and watered as needed until germination. After germination, liquid fertilizer composition 1, comparative fertilizer 1 and comparative fertilizer 2 (20-50mlZ ⁇ ) were applied using rain dew so as to force the leaves from above.
• the number of germination was counted 5 days after sowing, and the germination rate (the ratio of the germination number to the sowing number) was determined.
• the state of phytotoxicity was visually observed 14 days after sowing, and the leaf length and fresh body weight per 5 strains were measured 24 days after sowing.
• the test using comparative fertilizer 2 was completed 14 days after sowing.
• the fertilizer composition of the present invention can exhibit a fertilizer effect equivalent to or higher than that of a commercially available fertilizer that does not cause phytotoxicity to plants.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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• Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
• Fertilizers (AREA)

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• 2007
  • 2007-03-29 WO PCT/JP2007/056789 patent/WO2007114212A1/ja active Application Filing
  • 2007-03-29 CN CN2007800100084A patent/CN101405239B/zh active Active
  • 2007-03-29 JP JP2008508587A patent/JPWO2007114212A1/ja active Pending
  • 2007-03-29 KR KR1020087022587A patent/KR101093587B1/ko active IP Right Grant

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