WO2007111546A1 - A system for generating electric energy - Google Patents
A system for generating electric energy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007111546A1 WO2007111546A1 PCT/SE2006/050047 SE2006050047W WO2007111546A1 WO 2007111546 A1 WO2007111546 A1 WO 2007111546A1 SE 2006050047 W SE2006050047 W SE 2006050047W WO 2007111546 A1 WO2007111546 A1 WO 2007111546A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- intermediate stations
- switchgears
- station
- generator
- stations
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
- F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
- F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
- F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/008—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations the wind motor being combined with water energy converters, e.g. a water turbine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
- F03D9/255—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
- F03D13/22—Foundations specially adapted for wind motors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
- F03D9/255—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
- F03D9/257—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor the wind motor being part of a wind farm
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/40—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation wherein a plurality of decentralised, dispersed or local energy generation technologies are operated simultaneously
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a system for generating electric energy from renewable energy sources, the system including a plurality of generator aggregates.
- the invention also relates to an electric network and a method for supplying energy to an electric network.
- sea in the present application is to be understood also large inland lakes.
- the challenge to achieve an economical competitive energy generating system based on these renewable energy sources is on one hand to provide efficient generator aggregates at low costs and on the other hand to provide an optimized system that can include a large number of such generator aggregates.
- the iatter aspect is the crucial one for producing and supplying energy on a large commercial scale for the supply of the electric energy to an electric network.
- the present invention is focused on that aspect.
- WO 03/058055 discloses a wave-power unit, including a linear generator.
- the unit is of a design such that it effectively generates electric energy at a comparatively Sow cost.
- This reference also discloses how a plurality of the units can be connected to a plurality of switchgears, each switchgear being connected to an intermediate station supplying the energy to a iand based receiving station.
- the reference discloses a system including many generator aggregates, the output from which is collected into a cable between the intermediate station and the land based receiving station.
- the disclosed system therefore is capable of providing electric energy at a power many times higher than that from a single generator aggregate. Typicaliy a single aggregate deliver at a power Seve! of 10 kW and the system in total will be able to supply energy at a power in the order of 300 kW.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a system for generating electric energy from renewable energy sources that is technicaliy and commerciaily competitive for supplying the energy to a general electric network. Another object is to provide a system allowing a high degree of flexibility regarding the supply to the network.
- a system of the kind in question includes the specific features, that the system includes a plurality of primary intermediate stations and at least one secondary intermediate station, each primary intermediate station being connected to a plurality of said switchgears, the at least one secondary intermediate station being connected to a plurality of said primary intermediate station and to a iand based electric network and the system includes switching means allowing selective connection of the at least one secondary intermediate station to various locations in the electric network.
- the output of the system wi!S be on a ieve! of 5 MW if each generator aggregate has a power of 10 kW.
- the cascade connection based on the principle of collecting a plurality of generator aggregates to a switchgear, connecting a piuraiity of such switchgears to a primary intermediate station and connecting a plurality of such primary intermediate stations to a secondary intermediate station has many advantages:
- a system of a very large number of generate aggregates becomes very iogicai and structured due to the cascade pattern which makes the system easy to supervise and simplifies the maintenance.
- the switchgears can be practically identical as also all of the primary intermediate stations, which aliow a cost-effective manufacture of these components.
- Each of these components can be designed for a well-defined task, a we ⁇ -defined power level and includes well-defined components allowing a rational manufacture and maintenance thereof.
- the system By designing the system such that it can be connected to different parts in an electric network the system offers a high degree of flexibility.
- the invented system thus allows generation of electric power from these renewable power sources at high power and at a commercially competitive scale and results in high flexibility.
- the system includes a piuraiity of secondary intermediate stations being connected to a plurality of the primary intermediate station.
- the system will be adapted to include still more generator aggregates.
- the system includes a tertia! intermediate station, the tertial intermediate station being connected to a piuraiity of the secondary intermediate stations.
- a tertia! intermediate station the tertial intermediate station being connected to a piuraiity of the secondary intermediate stations.
- At least some of the primary intermediate stations are located in the sea.
- At ieast one of the secondary intermediate stations is located in the sea.
- the tertial intermediate station is located in the sea.
- the primary intermediate stations can be located close to the switchgears and the second intermediate stations closed to the primary intermediate stations etc. Such a localisation minimizes the losses.
- each switchgear includes a watertight container fixed to the sea bed, the container housing at least some of the switchgear components.
- At least some of the primary intermediate stations and/or at least some of the secondary intermediate stations include a watertight container fixed to the sea bed, the container housing at least some of the station components.
- At least some of the generator aggregates include wave powered means.
- Wave powered generator aggregates more than other alternatives represent the situation where the number of aggregates is large and the power of each aggregate is low. Since the system according to the present invention is particularly designed for such applications its advantages are particularly useful when applied to wave powered generator aggregates.
- the generator of at least some of the wave powered generator aggregates is a linear generator having a reciprocating rotor including permanent magnets.
- At least some of the generator aggregates are generators powered by wind or water streams.
- the system includes AC/DC-rectifiers and/or DC/AC-inverters, the rectifiers/inventers being housed in the switchgears and/or in the intermediate stations.
- the system can be optimized regarding the transmission of the power such that the appropriate type of current can be selected for the cable connections at different levels of the system.
- the rectifiers include a diode or a tyristor bridge.
- At least some of the switchgears and/or the intermediate stations include a transformer.
- a transformer in the switchgears/intermediate station the current can be transformed to levels which are optimized for the cable conditions at different levels of the system.
- the generator aggregates are connected to the switchgears by AC-cables.
- AC normally is the most appropriate alternative.
- connections between the switchgears and the primary intermediate stations and/or the connections between the intermediate stations include AC-cables or DC-cables respectively.
- Such a control and governing system helps to assure adaption to the various conditions that prevail for the system.
- At least one of the secondary or tertial intermediate stations is land based and includes a superior control system arranged to control the system for generating energy.
- one of the secondary or tertial intermediate stations is land based and includes a billing system.
- the size of this system is limited a land based location provides a technically easier construction of the station.
- the billing system provides a possibility to obtain an adequate billing of the energy supplied.
- at least some of the switchgears and the intermediate stations include a relay protection device.
- Such a device represents convenient measures for avoiding failures in the system.
- the system includes a signalling system arranged to transmit information signals and/or actuating signals to and from at ieast some of the switchgears and/or the intermediate stations. Providing information in this way from the different parts of the system is another important Sink for the control. Actuating signals are correspondingly important for the governing.
- the signailing system inciudes signalling means selected from the group consisting of optica! fibre, cables, acoustic signailing means, radio signalling means and floats. All these signaiiing means may be empioyed in one and the same system. Sn many cases, however, only one or a few of them are present. The optimal choice of what kind of signalling means that are to used depends on various aspects such as external conditions, the size of the system, the degree of sophistication of the system etc.
- the stator winding of at least some of the generator aggregates include a cable having solid insulation, the solid insulation including an inner semiconducting layer and outer semiconducting layer and an intermediate insulation layer.
- This type of stator winding is known per se and has advantageous electrical properties due to the circular shape resulting in a homogenous electrical field. Since voltage can be kept high with such a winding a step-up transformer can be eliminated in connection with the generator aggregate. The advantages of this kind of winding are particularly accentuated when used in generator aggregates in a system according to the invention.
- the above described preferred embodiments of the invented system are specified in the claims depending on claim 1.
- electric energy is supplied to an electric network by connecting a system according to the present invention or any of the preferred embodiments thereof to the electric network.
- the invented electric network it is connected to a system according to the present invention or any of the preferred embodiments thereof.
- the invented method and the invented network offer corresponding advantages as those gained by the invented system and the preferred embodiments thereof and whiGh have been explained above. The invention will be explained more clearly by the fo ⁇ owing detailed description of advantageous examples of the invention and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
- Fig 1. is a scheme illustrating a system according to a first example of the invention.
- Fig 2 is a scheme illustrating a system according to a second example of the invention.
- Fig 3 is an iliustration of certain components of the system of figs 1 and 2.
- Fig 4 is a side view of an example of a generator aggregate4 in the system according to the invention.
- Fig 5 is a scheme illustrating an example of important components of switchgear in the system according to the invention
- Fig 6 is a cross section of a cable and a stator winding in a generator aggregate in a system according to the invention.
- Fig 1 Schematically illustrates a first example of a system according to the present invention.
- a plurality of generator aggregates 4a, 5a, 6a etc are arranged in the sea and connected to a common switchgear 1a in the sea.
- a plurality of such switchgears 1a, 1b, 1c, etc are by means of cables 16a, 16b, 16c connected to a primary intermediate station 17a in the sea.
- Each of the switchgears 1 a, 1b, 1c, etc is connected to a plurality of generator aggregates, in the figure each switchgear is connected to ten generator aggregates, but the number can vary, where five to fifteen aggregates is an appropriate range.
- the number of switchgears 1a, 1b, 1c etc connected to the primary intermediate station 17a in the illustrated embodiment is five, but any number within the range of two to ten would be appropriate.
- the primary intermediate station 17a is by a cable 18 connected to a secondary intermediate station 19.
- the secondary intermediate station 19 is connected to ten primary intermediate stations 17a, 17b, 17c.
- the secondary intermediate station 19 is by a cable 191 connected to an electric network,
- a switch 192 the secondary intermediate station 19 can be connected to different locations 193, 194, 195 etc locations in the network.
- the secondary intermediate station 19 can be located either in the sea or on land.
- Figure 2 illustrates an alternative example of the system.
- the system of fig 2 differs from that of fig 1 in that it is larger, including a larger number of generator aggregates 4a, 5a, 6a etc and including a further level of the system.
- the intermediate secondary station 19a is one of plurality of secondary intermediate stations 19a, 19b, 19c, etc. Each of these secondary intermediate stations is connected to a pattern of generator aggregates, switchgears and primary intermediate stations similar to that of the secondary intermediate station 19a.
- the secondary intermediate station 19a is by a cabie 20 connected to a tertiai intermediate station 21.
- a number of eight secondary intermediate stations 19a, 19b, 19c etc. are connected.
- the tertiaf intermediate station 21 is by a cabie 211 connected to an electric network.
- Sn a similar way as in the example of fig 1 there is a switch 212 through which the tertiai intermediate station can be connected to different locations 213, 214, 215 etc.
- the tertiai intermediate station 21 is provided with equipment establishing a superior control system 216 arranged to controS the eSectric energy generating system.
- the station is aiso provided with equipment estab ⁇ shing a bilSing system 217, to provide for billing of the supplied energy.
- a typical power leve! of each generator aggregate is about 10 kW, which means that the output from each switchgear is 100 kW.
- Each primary intermediate station is connected to five switchgears resulting in an output of 500 kW.
- Each secondary intermediate station is connected to ten primary intermediate stations resulting Sn an output of 5SV1W.
- the tertiai intermediate station is connected to eight secondary intermediate stations resulting in an output of 40MW to be supplied to the electric network.
- the number of generator aggregates connected to each switchgear, the number of switchgears connected to each primary intermediate station, the number of primary intermediate stations connected to each secondary intermediate station and the number of secondary intermediate stations connected to the tertial intermediate station can vary.
- the typical number of such connections can be within the range of 2 - 15 at each ieve!.
- the number of connections within the system of course can vary for different levels and within the same level.
- the system also can be extended to further levels, employing a plurality of tertiaS intermediate stations etc.
- Figure 3 is a basic layout sketch illustrating the switchgear 1a connected to generator aggregates.
- the switchgear 1a is arranged resting on the sea bed B.
- the switchgear 1a consists of a watertight container formed by a housing 102 and a bottom plate 103 which may be of concrete, for instance.
- the switchgear 1 a is anchored in the sea bed B.
- the generators 4a - 9a of a number of wave-power units are connected to the switchgear station.
- Each generator unit 4a - 9a is electrically connected with the switchgear station 1a by cables 42-46 which, via lead-ins through the housing 102, are connected to the components inside the switchgear station.
- the voltage is supplied from each unit as low voltage direct or alternating voltage.
- the components in the switchgear station 1a are of conventional type and are not shown in the figures. These components may include semiconductors, converters, breakers, measuring devices, relay protection, surge diverters and other over- voltage protection devices, earthing means, load couplers or disconnectors, as well as transformers.
- the switchgear station supplies an outgoing direct or alternating voltage, preferably high voltage, through outgoing cables 16a.
- the alternating voltage has low frequency and may be three phase or multiphase.
- the incoming low voltage is converted to outgoing higher voltage by the transformer in the switchgear station.
- the converter or inverter in the switchgear station is used when necessary to convert DC-AC or vice versa.
- the voltage from the switchgear 1a is supplied to a primary intermediate station 17a, as illustrated in fig 1.
- the primary intermediate station 17a is anchored in the sea bed B and consists of a watertight container formed by a housing 171 and a bottom plate 172.
- the primary intermediate 17 a station can include various components only symbolically represented in the figure, i.a.
- Such components can alternatively or complementary be present in the switchgears and in the intermediate stations at higher levels.
- An optical cable 180 is connected to the equipment for the signalling system 179 io through which cable information signals can be sent to and from the primary intermediate station 17a.
- Other types of signalling means of course can be employed alternatively or complementary.
- the generator aggregates 4a - 9a of the fig 2 are illustrated as wave powered generators. The system, however applies to generators powered by wind or by
- a floating body 43 is arranged to float on the surface A of the ocean. Waves impart a to-and-fro vertical movement to the floating body 43.
- a linear generator 45 is anchored at the sea bed via a base plate 48 secured in the bottom. The plate may be of concrete.
- the stator 46a, 46c of the linear generator is secured to the base 5 plate 48.
- the stator consists of four vertical pillar-like laminated stacks, only two of which are visible in the figure.
- the reciprocating rotor 47 of the generator is arranged between the laminated stacks and is connected to the floating body 43 by a wire 24.
- the rotor 47 is of permanently magnetic materiai.
- the base plate 48 has a centrally arranged hole 50 and concentrically with this, a
- bottom recess 49 is made in the sea bed.
- the recess 49 may suitably be lined.
- a tension spring 51 is secured at the lower end of the recess 49 and the other end of the spring is attached to the lower end 52 of the rotor 47.
- the diameter of the hole 50 in the base plate 48 and of the recess 49 is such that the rotor 47 can move freely through them.
- the switchgear 1a is connected to three aggregates 4a, 5a, 6a.
- Each aggregate is connected via a breaker or contactor 31 and a rectifier 32 to an inverter 33 in a bipolar connection according to the figure.
- the circuit diagram is only drawn in for the aggregate 4a. It will be understood that the other aggregates 5a, 6a are connected in a corresponding manner.
- the inverter 33 supplies three- phase current tot the electric cables 16a, possibly via a transformer 34 and/or a filter.
- the rectifiers may be diodes which may be controlled and of type IGBT, GTO or thyristors, comprise controlled bipolar components or not be controlled.
- the voltages on the DC side may be connected in parallel or in series, or a combination of both.
- Fig 6 is a section through a cable 100 forming the stator winding in the generator aggregates 4a, 5a, 5b etc. Outside the conducting part 101 of the cable, there is a solid insulation including an inner semiconducting iayer 102, an outer semiconducting iayer 104 and an intermediate insulation layer 103.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (16)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2645025A CA2645025C (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2006-03-29 | A system for generating electric energy |
CN2006800540982A CN101415937B (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2006-03-29 | System for generating electric energy |
AP2008004611A AP2586A (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2006-03-29 | A system for generating electric energy |
NZ571250A NZ571250A (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2006-03-29 | A system for generating electric energy from renewable energy sources |
EP06717131A EP2004987A4 (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2006-03-29 | A system for generating electric energy |
JP2009502716A JP2009532014A (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2006-03-29 | System for generating electrical energy |
MX2008011298A MX2008011298A (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2006-03-29 | A system for generating electric energy. |
BRPI0621430-4A BRPI0621430A2 (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2006-03-29 | system for electricity generation |
PCT/SE2006/050047 WO2007111546A1 (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2006-03-29 | A system for generating electric energy |
US12/225,661 US8212411B2 (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2006-03-29 | System for generating electric energy |
AU2006340933A AU2006340933B2 (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2006-03-29 | A system for generating electric energy |
TNP2008000340A TNSN08340A1 (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2008-08-27 | A system for generating electric energy |
IL193724A IL193724A (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2008-08-27 | System for generating electric energy |
EG2008091604A EG24810A (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2008-09-25 | A system for generating electric energy. |
NO20084408A NO20084408L (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2008-10-21 | A system for generating electrical energy |
HK09109812.8A HK1131813A1 (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2009-10-22 | A system for generating electric energy |
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PCT/SE2006/050047 WO2007111546A1 (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2006-03-29 | A system for generating electric energy |
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WO2007111546A1 true WO2007111546A1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
WO2007111546A8 WO2007111546A8 (en) | 2017-04-13 |
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PCT/SE2006/050047 WO2007111546A1 (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2006-03-29 | A system for generating electric energy |
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US (1) | US8212411B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2004987A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2009532014A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101415937B (en) |
AP (1) | AP2586A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2006340933B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0621430A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2645025C (en) |
EG (1) | EG24810A (en) |
HK (1) | HK1131813A1 (en) |
IL (1) | IL193724A (en) |
MX (1) | MX2008011298A (en) |
NO (1) | NO20084408L (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ571250A (en) |
TN (1) | TNSN08340A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007111546A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
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WO2009108052A2 (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-03 | Single Buoy Moorings Inc. | Offshore combined power generation system |
WO2013116899A1 (en) * | 2012-02-06 | 2013-08-15 | Hermatika Pty Ltd | Electricity generating apparatus |
GB2586799A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2021-03-10 | Aker Solutions As | Offshore power distribution |
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JP5603118B2 (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2014-10-08 | オーシャン パワー テクノロジーズ,インク. | Underwater substation |
JP2011234511A (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2011-11-17 | Toshiba Corp | Power generating/transforming equipment |
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US10352290B2 (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2019-07-16 | The Texas A&M University System | Method and apparatus for wave energy conversion |
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JP2023517935A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2023-04-27 | ヴェスタス ウィンド システムズ エー/エス | wind farm |
EP3922838A1 (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2021-12-15 | Seabased AB | Array for arranging wave energy converters in a wave power park |
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- 2006-03-29 MX MX2008011298A patent/MX2008011298A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2006-03-29 JP JP2009502716A patent/JP2009532014A/en active Pending
- 2006-03-29 CA CA2645025A patent/CA2645025C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-03-29 NZ NZ571250A patent/NZ571250A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-03-29 AU AU2006340933A patent/AU2006340933B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-03-29 AP AP2008004611A patent/AP2586A/en active
- 2006-03-29 US US12/225,661 patent/US8212411B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-03-29 EP EP06717131A patent/EP2004987A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-03-29 BR BRPI0621430-4A patent/BRPI0621430A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
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- 2008-08-27 TN TNP2008000340A patent/TNSN08340A1/en unknown
- 2008-08-27 IL IL193724A patent/IL193724A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-09-25 EG EG2008091604A patent/EG24810A/en active
- 2008-10-21 NO NO20084408A patent/NO20084408L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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2009
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2009108052A2 (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-03 | Single Buoy Moorings Inc. | Offshore combined power generation system |
WO2009108052A3 (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2010-09-02 | Single Buoy Moorings Inc. | Offshore wind and wave power generation system and method thereof |
CN101981312A (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2011-02-23 | 辛格尔浮筒系船公司 | Offshore combined power generation system |
US8624416B2 (en) | 2008-02-29 | 2014-01-07 | Single Buoy Moorings Inc. | Offshore combined power generation system |
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CN105201733A (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2015-12-30 | 辛格尔浮筒系船公司 | Offshore Combined Power Generation System |
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WO2013116899A1 (en) * | 2012-02-06 | 2013-08-15 | Hermatika Pty Ltd | Electricity generating apparatus |
GB2586799A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2021-03-10 | Aker Solutions As | Offshore power distribution |
GB2586799B (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2022-01-12 | Aker Solutions As | Offshore power distribution |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IL193724A0 (en) | 2009-05-04 |
AP2008004611A0 (en) | 2008-10-31 |
NZ571250A (en) | 2011-01-28 |
EG24810A (en) | 2010-09-20 |
EP2004987A1 (en) | 2008-12-24 |
CN101415937A (en) | 2009-04-22 |
WO2007111546A8 (en) | 2017-04-13 |
TNSN08340A1 (en) | 2009-12-29 |
BRPI0621430A2 (en) | 2011-12-13 |
AU2006340933B2 (en) | 2011-12-22 |
IL193724A (en) | 2013-01-31 |
AU2006340933A1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
CA2645025A1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
MX2008011298A (en) | 2008-11-18 |
JP2009532014A (en) | 2009-09-03 |
NO20084408L (en) | 2008-10-21 |
AP2586A (en) | 2013-02-04 |
US8212411B2 (en) | 2012-07-03 |
US20100033016A1 (en) | 2010-02-11 |
CN101415937B (en) | 2011-05-18 |
HK1131813A1 (en) | 2010-02-05 |
EP2004987A4 (en) | 2012-11-28 |
CA2645025C (en) | 2013-08-27 |
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