WO2007096597A1 - Molecular dye for spectroscopy - Google Patents
Molecular dye for spectroscopy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007096597A1 WO2007096597A1 PCT/GB2007/000578 GB2007000578W WO2007096597A1 WO 2007096597 A1 WO2007096597 A1 WO 2007096597A1 GB 2007000578 W GB2007000578 W GB 2007000578W WO 2007096597 A1 WO2007096597 A1 WO 2007096597A1
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- Prior art keywords
- electron
- level
- ion
- ligand
- energy
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- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000005281 excited state Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000012491 analyte Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 48
- 238000004416 surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 33
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 30
- 238000004768 lowest unoccupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 22
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 21
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 20
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenanthrene Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- LNQCJIZJBYZCME-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound [Fe+2].C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 LNQCJIZJBYZCME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
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- 125000003354 benzotriazolyl group Chemical class N1N=NC2=C1C=CC=C2* 0.000 description 7
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- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- BAXOFTOLAUCFNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2C=NNC2=C1 BAXOFTOLAUCFNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJUGUADJHNHALS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-tetrazole Substances C=1N=NNN=1 KJUGUADJHNHALS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZGKGWNWXHNPCRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-5,6-dihydro-1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC(Br)=CC=C3CCC2=C1 ZGKGWNWXHNPCRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWIVRAVCZJXOQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3h-oxathiazole Chemical class N1SOC=C1 KWIVRAVCZJXOQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDWJTDJESZWTGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,6-dihydro-1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCC3=CC=CN=C3C2=N1 NDWJTDJESZWTGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 0 Brc(cc1)nc(c2c3cccn2)c1c(C*1)c3N=C1c1cccc2c1[n]nn2 Chemical compound Brc(cc1)nc(c2c3cccn2)c1c(C*1)c3N=C1c1cccc2c1[n]nn2 0.000 description 1
- PXMBODYXCWCVSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1C(C(C(c(cc2)c3nc2Br)=O)=O)=C3N=CC1 Chemical compound CC1C(C(C(c(cc2)c3nc2Br)=O)=O)=C3N=CC1 PXMBODYXCWCVSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 102000016611 Proteoglycans Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazole Chemical class C=1C=NNC=1 WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-carboxyaspartic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)C(C(O)=O)C(O)=O OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutamine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003711 glyceryl trinitrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/65—Raman scattering
- G01N21/658—Raman scattering enhancement Raman, e.g. surface plasmons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B57/00—Other synthetic dyes of known constitution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
- C07D471/14—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D519/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing more than one system of two or more relevant hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system not provided for in groups C07D453/00 or C07D455/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B57/00—Other synthetic dyes of known constitution
- C09B57/10—Metal complexes of organic compounds not being dyes in uncomplexed form
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/44—Raman spectrometry; Scattering spectrometry ; Fluorescence spectrometry
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/65—Raman scattering
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a molecular dye for use in spectroscopy.
- the invention particularly relates to dyes used in spectroscopic techniques which use light scattering, such as Raman scattering.
- a chromophore moiety may be used to provide an additional molecular resonance contribution to the energy transfer, a technique termed surface enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRS).
- SERRS surface enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy
- the intensity of a resonance Raman peak is proportional to the square of the scattering cross section of the molecule.
- the scattering cross section is, in turn, related to the square of the transition dipole moment, and therefore usually follows the absorption spectrum. If the incident photons have energies close to an absorption peak in their absorbance spectrum, then the molecules are more likely to be in an excited state when the scattering event occurs, thereby increasing the relative strength of the anti-Stokes signal.
- a combination of the surface and resonance enhancement effects means that SERRS can provide a huge signal enhancement, typically of 10 9 to 10 14 fold over conventional Raman spectroscopy.
- An analyte sample is any sample that it is desired to test for the presence, or amount, of analyte. There are many situations in which it is desired to test for the presence, absence, or amount, of an analyte. Examples include clinical applications (for example to detect the presence of an antigen or an antibody in a biological sample such as a blood or urine sample), to detect the presence of a drug of abuse (for example in an illicit sample, or a biological sample such as a body fluid or breath sample), to detect explosives, or to detect environmental pollutants (for example in a liquid, air, soil, or plant sample).
- antibody is used herein to include an antibody, or a fragment (for example a Fab fragment, Fd fragment, Fv fragment, dAb fragment, a F(ab')2 fragment, a single chain Fv molecule, or a CDR region), or derivative of an antibody or fragment that can selectively bind an analyte to allow detection of the analyte.
- a fragment for example a Fab fragment, Fd fragment, Fv fragment, dAb fragment, a F(ab')2 fragment, a single chain Fv molecule, or a CDR region
- the components of the dye may be linked together in any order, provided that if the dye is bound to the surface by means of a metal surface-binding group, the dye is within the region near the metal surface.
- Figure 7B shows the change in the d orbital energy levels associated with a square planar arrangement
- Figure 8 shows the electronic energy levels for a typical organic molecule
- Figure 11 show the structure of tris-1 , 10-phenanthroline iron(ll) [Fe(Phen) 3 ] 2+ ;
- Figure 16 shows the predicted arrangement of an assembled complex in accordance with the invention
- Figure 19 shows the structure of a complex formed from ligand A of figure 18 and iron(ll) ions;
- Figure 20 shows a reaction demonstrating the addition of Benzotriazole to Phenanthroline;
- Figure 22 shows an example of a tripedal ligand
- the energy curves of figure 2 show various microstates relating to vibrational and rotational states of the molecule.
- An electron at room temperature has an energy of approximately 0.04 eV and the separation between these microstates is, on average, approximately the same. Electrons will generally therefore have access to neighbouring states and will be able to transition between them. Transitions between microstates are non-radiative and as an electron passes down through the states, the energy is transferred to rotational and vibrational modes of the molecule itself. Fluorescence and phosphorescence generally occur only from the first excited singlet/triplet state (that is, the excited singlet/triplet state of lowest energy), irrespective of which excited singlet state was initially produced by absorption.
- the splitting of the d orbitals leads to the introduction of an electronic transition that is not present in the free metal atom.
- an electronic transition that is not present in the free metal atom.
- the formation of a complex which causes a d orbital splitting of 3.734 x 10 ⁇ 19 J will result in an electronic transition that leads to the absorption of light with a wavelength of 532 nm, which is in the middle of the visible range.
- Many transition metal complexes undergo d orbital splitting of around this magnitude, leading to their characteristic bright colours.
- the electron moves to the LL ) MO of the ligand.
- the electron must be in the LUMO before it can thermally relax along the alternate thermal relaxation path. If the electron were to move into a microstate above the LUMO it would need to thermally relax to the LUMO before it can make use of the alternate thermal relaxation path. Such a time delay is undesirable as it would allow the complex to relax from its' excited state, which would result in an increased probability of the complex radiating.
- the HOMO is essentially the d 2 orbital of the Fe 2+ ion (with very minor contributions from the Phen groups), and the LUMO is a delocalised ⁇ system limited to the ring atoms in the six 'pyridine' systems, which are co-ordinated to the Fe 2+ . It should be noted that the electron density of the LUMO on each of the Phen molecules in the complex is essentially the same as the LUMO in the triplet excited state of free Phen.
- An alternative strategy for labelling the analyte would be to covalently attach it to one ligand group (possibly via a spacer/linker) and to assemble the complex by the addition of the metal ion and extra free ligand groups (Figure 14). If the ligand groups carry one or more functional groups able to provide unique peaks in the resulting Raman emission spectra, this would provide a means for generating a variety of related SERRS tags for multiplex applications.
- Suitable Raman-active groups may include halogen atoms, as in our previous halometallocene patent, although the addition of these directly to the phenanthroline system is predicted to interfere with the energetics of the delocalised system to such an extent that they may make relatively poor chromophores.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/279,909 US20090097023A1 (en) | 2006-02-20 | 2007-02-20 | Molecular dye for spectroscopy |
EP07712754A EP1991555A1 (en) | 2006-02-20 | 2007-02-20 | Molecular dye for spectroscopy |
JP2008554854A JP2009527733A (en) | 2006-02-20 | 2007-02-20 | Molecular dyes for spectroscopy |
AU2007217179A AU2007217179A1 (en) | 2006-02-20 | 2007-02-20 | Molecular dye for spectroscopy |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
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GB0603355.9 | 2006-02-20 | ||
GBGB0603355.9A GB0603355D0 (en) | 2006-02-20 | 2006-02-20 | Novel serrs chromophores |
GB0620493.7 | 2006-10-16 | ||
GB0620493A GB2437751A (en) | 2006-02-20 | 2006-10-16 | Molecular dye for spectroscopy |
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WO2007096597A1 true WO2007096597A1 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
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US (1) | US20090097023A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1991555A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2009527733A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101389638A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2007217179A1 (en) |
GB (2) | GB0603355D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007096597A1 (en) |
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JP6393967B2 (en) | 2013-09-05 | 2018-09-26 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Raman spectroscopy apparatus, Raman spectroscopy, and electronic equipment |
Citations (5)
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WO1999044065A1 (en) * | 1998-02-26 | 1999-09-02 | University Of Strathclyde | Immunoassays involving surface enhanced raman scattering |
GB2400908A (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2004-10-27 | E2V Tech Uk Ltd | Molecular detector arrangement |
WO2005019812A1 (en) * | 2003-08-26 | 2005-03-03 | University Of Strathclyde | Nucleic acid sequence identification |
WO2005021804A1 (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2005-03-10 | Applera Corporation | Multiplex detection compositions, methods, and kits |
GB2423987A (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-13 | E2V Tech | Metallocenes and their use as Raman spectroscopy labels |
-
2006
- 2006-02-20 GB GBGB0603355.9A patent/GB0603355D0/en active Pending
- 2006-10-16 GB GB0620493A patent/GB2437751A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-02-20 WO PCT/GB2007/000578 patent/WO2007096597A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-02-20 EP EP07712754A patent/EP1991555A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-02-20 AU AU2007217179A patent/AU2007217179A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-02-20 CN CNA2007800061145A patent/CN101389638A/en active Pending
- 2007-02-20 JP JP2008554854A patent/JP2009527733A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-02-20 US US12/279,909 patent/US20090097023A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
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WO1999044065A1 (en) * | 1998-02-26 | 1999-09-02 | University Of Strathclyde | Immunoassays involving surface enhanced raman scattering |
GB2400908A (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2004-10-27 | E2V Tech Uk Ltd | Molecular detector arrangement |
WO2005019812A1 (en) * | 2003-08-26 | 2005-03-03 | University Of Strathclyde | Nucleic acid sequence identification |
WO2005021804A1 (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2005-03-10 | Applera Corporation | Multiplex detection compositions, methods, and kits |
GB2423987A (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-13 | E2V Tech | Metallocenes and their use as Raman spectroscopy labels |
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ABRAHAM B. ET AL: "Resonance Raman spectroscopic studies of [Ru(phen)2qdppz]2+ and its interactions with calf thymus DNA", JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY, vol. 35, 2004, pages 13 - 18, XP002434156 * |
COATES ET AL: "Transient resonance Raman investigation of excited states of [Ru(phen)2dppz]2Y and deuterated analogues in aqueous and non-aqueous environments", JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY, vol. 31, 2000, pages 283 - 288, XP002434157 * |
GAUDRY E ET AL: "SERRS study of the DNA binding by Ru(II) tris-(Bipyridyl) complexes bearing one carboxylic group.", BIOPOLYMERS JUL 2006, vol. 82, no. 4, 18 January 2006 (2006-01-18), online, pages 399 - 404, XP002434192, ISSN: 0006-3525, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/112260938/PDFSTART> [retrieved on 20070517] * |
GOUVEIA ET AL: "A NEW SPECTROELECTROCHEMICAL CELL FOR FLOW INJECTION ANALYSIS AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE DETERMINATION OF FE (II) DOWN TO THE FEMTOMOL LEVEL BY SURFACE-ENHANCED RESONANCE RAMAN SCATTERING (SERRS)", JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, LAUSANNE, CH, vol. 371, no. 1-2, 1994, pages 37 - 42, XP009083947, ISSN: 0368-1874 * |
HIDALGO M ET AL: "Surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy of 2-pyridylhydrazone and 1,10-phenanthroline chelate complexes with metal ions on colloidal silver", ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA 1996 NETHERLANDS, vol. 318, no. 2, 1996, pages 229 - 237, XP002434138, ISSN: 0003-2670 * |
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VOLKOV V V ET AL: "ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF THE 3,3'-BIS-(ETA 5-PI-1,2-DICARBA-3-NICKEL(I II)-CLOSODODECABORATE)(1-) ANION, (NI IIIÄETA 5-PI-(3)-1,2-B9C2H11)2), IN SALTS WITH DIFFERENT CATIONS, IN SALTS WITH DIFFERENT CATIONS", JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY, PLENUM PRESS, NEW YORK, NY, US, vol. 37, no. 6, 1996, pages 897 - 905, XP009083912, ISSN: 0022-4766 * |
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GB2437751A (en) | 2007-11-07 |
GB0620493D0 (en) | 2006-11-22 |
EP1991555A1 (en) | 2008-11-19 |
CN101389638A (en) | 2009-03-18 |
AU2007217179A1 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
JP2009527733A (en) | 2009-07-30 |
GB0603355D0 (en) | 2006-03-29 |
US20090097023A1 (en) | 2009-04-16 |
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