WO2007038898A1

WO2007038898A1 - Accumulator battery equallizer and energe balance accumulator battery

Info

Publication number: WO2007038898A1
Application number: PCT/CN2006/002200
Authority: WO
Inventors: Zijin Lin
Original assignee: Zijin Lin
Priority date: 2005-10-04
Filing date: 2006-08-28
Publication date: 2007-04-12

Abstract

An accumulator battery equalizer and an energy balance accumulator battery are provided, belonging to technical field of secondary battery. The equalizer is equipped between the plates of individual battery cell, at least two of which are connected in series so as to compose an accumulator battery set. The equalizer is comprised of a positive pole connected with the positive plate of individual battery cell, and a negative pole connected with the negative plate of individual battery cell. The equalizer is a voltage and current dividing circuit, in which positive direction voltage of the equalizer is greater than the actual highest voltage of individual battery cell and lower than charging voltage of it. A energy balance accumulator battery using the accumulator equalizer is also provided, in which the equalizer is connected in parallel with the individual battery cell. The present invention can prevent battery overcharge and overdischarge effectively, ensure the energy balance between individual battery cells through long-term usage, and improve the useful life greatly.

Description

Battery balance bar and energy balance battery

The invention belongs to the technical field of secondary batteries, and in particular relates to a balance bar of an energy balance battery and an energy balance battery. Background technique

Secondary batteries use a reversible electrochemical reaction to store and supply electrical energy, mainly lead-acid batteries and alkaline batteries.

Since 1860, the French company Prande has created the world's first lead-acid battery for more than 140 years. In the middle, through the improvement of different technologies in different years, a variety of high-performance batteries were born. For example, in 1868, the French zinc galvanic wet battery was invented; in 1888, Geithner changed the LeCranche wet battery to the current dry battery form. In 1881~1^3, Fore et al. created a paste-like plate. In lieu of the Prande plate, the lead-acid battery has developed rapidly; in 1898, the Swedish nickel-hydrogen battery, the lithium-ion battery, the lithium-lithium chromate battery, was invented by the Swedish Gregory. , lithium manganese dioxide battery, lithium molybdenum disulfide battery, lithium ion battery, etc.

For lead-acid battery manufacturers, their development direction is nothing more than two aspects: On the one hand, the strength of the industry and the joint improvement of production efficiency, and to a certain extent, the relative stability of the major groups; In terms of technology development, lead-acid batteries used in various loads can be improved, especially for valve-regulated sealed lead-acid batteries for automobiles of 12V and 36V. The batteries used in various types of electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles require more energy power, and will open up new markets in the next few years. Lead-acid batteries will become an important choice.

Nowadays, the battery manufacturing technology has reached its peak, and the use of batteries has become more and more popular. Almost everyone can't do without it, such as: starting batteries, stationary batteries, moped batteries, railway passenger cars, and diesel locomotives. Battery, motorcycle battery and traction battery, mobile phone battery, etc. The cell voltages are 1.2V and 2V, respectively. They are all connected in series by a single battery.

Some have made it whole. After the combination, it is divided into 3.6V, 4.8V, 6V, and 12V according to the voltage. The design life of the battery is mostly around 10 years, but the actual use is only 2 years, and some even have no effect for half a year. What is the reason for its shortened life? For example, acid batteries, according to the analysis of relevant experts:

One of the reasons is sulfation: Excessive discharge of the battery and long-time open circuit closure will cause a large amount of lead sulfate inside the battery to be adsorbed to the cathode of the battery to form a so-called cathode "sulfation". The internal resistance of the battery is increased, and the charge and discharge performance of the battery is affected.

The second reason is irreversible vulcanization: the "irreversible vulcanization" caused by long-term overcharge and overdischarge of the battery and the use of the environment and temperature. When this phenomenon accumulates to a certain extent, it will cause the battery and the electrolysis active solution to become inactive or Shedding, can no longer be used.

There is also the problem that the alkaline storage battery is terminated due to the problem of overcharge and overdischarge, which causes the "memory effect" to fail.

Expert analysis is good, but why is it going to decline in such a short time?

Let us take a 6V lead-acid battery as an example, see Figure 3 and Figure 4. ' Lead-acid batteries are made up of three single cells, a, b, c. Each battery includes electrodes, separators, electrolyte, housing, cover and lead terminals.

Reasons for the decline 1. The deviation of the battery capacity of a, b, c cells;

Cause of decline 2, a, b, c single battery voltage deviation;

Reason for the decline of the third, a, b, c monomer battery internal resistance deviation.

It is assumed that the cell capacity deviation of the batteries a, b, and c is 5%, the voltage deviation is 5%, the internal resistance deviation is 5%, and the total capacity C is 12 Ah. Then: a: when saturated, the capacity is 12Ah, the voltage is 2V _; b is saturated, the capacity is 12.6Α1, the voltage is 2.1V; c is saturated, the capacity is 11.4Ah, the voltage is 1.9V. When discharging to 1/2C for the first time: a Remaining capacity is 6Ah, voltage is 1.66V; b Remaining capacity is 6.3Ah, voltage is 1.74V; c Remaining capacity is 5.7Ah, voltage is 1.58V. Charge with 2A constant current regulator, enter the first charge, and start power when charging

1.66Vx2A=3.32W, b starts at 1.74Vx2A-3.48W, and c starts at 1.58Vx2A=3.16W. b Because the charging power is relatively large, entering the high-resistance zone early, it is easy to form overcharge. The c power is relatively small, and b enters the high-impedance zone early, so c is easy to form undercharge. Repeatedly refilling, their distance will be farther and farther, and for a long time, this lead-acid battery will soon terminate its life due to sulfation and irreversible vulcanization.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the battery in the secondary battery, the over-charging and under-charging of the single-cell battery leads to premature aging of the battery and short service life, the present invention provides an effective avoidance of the single-cell battery. Overcharged undercharged, long-term use can ensure the energy balance between monomer and monomer, battery balance bar and energy balance battery that greatly improve the service life of the battery.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems thereof is:

A battery balance bar installed between the plates 5 of each of the battery cells 1 of a battery pack consisting of at least two battery cells 1 connected in series, the balance bar 2 comprising a battery cell 1 a balance rod positive pole of the positive pole junction, a balance rod anode connected with the cathode of the single battery 1; the balance rod is a voltage limiting shunt circuit; The forward pressure drop of the balance bar of T/CN2006/002200 is greater than the actual maximum voltage of the single battery, and less than the charging voltage of the single battery.

As a preferred solution: the voltage limiting circuit includes a diode VD1, the forward voltage drop of the diode VD1 is greater than the actual maximum voltage of the battery, less than the charging voltage of the battery, and the maximum tolerance of the diode VD1. Current 1 ≥ charging current.

As a preferred alternative: the voltage limiting circuit includes a diode VD1 and a resistor R1. The resistor R1 is connected in series with the diode VD1. The forward voltage drop of the diode VD1 is greater than the actual maximum voltage of the battery, and is smaller than the single cell. The charging voltage of the battery, the resistor R1 acts as a current limiting function.

As a preferred further solution, the voltage limiting circuit includes at least two diodes VD1 and VD2, and the diodes are connected in series with each other, and the sum of the forward voltage drops of all the diodes in series is greater than the actual maximum of the battery cells. The voltage is less than the charging voltage of the single battery; and the maximum allowable current of the diode is 1 ≥ the charging current.

Another preferred solution is as follows: The voltage limiting shunt circuit includes at least two diodes VD1, VD2, and a resistor R1. The diodes are connected in series with each other, and the resistor R1 is connected in series with the diode. The sum of the drops is greater than the actual maximum voltage of the battery, which is less than the charging voltage of the battery.

Or: the voltage limiting shunt circuit is a Zener diode VD1, the minimum voltage of the Zener diode is greater than the actual maximum voltage of the battery, the maximum voltage is lower than the charging voltage of the battery, and the voltage is regulated. The maximum allowable current of the diode is 1 ≥ charging current.

Or: the voltage limiting shunt circuit is a Zener diode VD1 and a resistor R1. The minimum voltage regulator of the Zener diode is greater than the actual maximum voltage of the battery, and the maximum voltage is lower than the charging voltage of the battery. The resistor R1 acts as a current limiting device.

Or alternatively, the voltage limiting shunt circuit includes a triode VT1, a diode VD1, and resistors R1, R2, and R3. It must have: (1) the sum of the forward voltage drop of the diode VD1 + the voltage drop of the triode VT1 be is greater than the actual maximum voltage of the single battery 1, less than the charging voltage of the single battery 1; (2) the magnitude and charging of the current related.

Or alternatively, the voltage limiting shunt circuit includes a triode VT1, a Zener diode VD1, and resistors R1, R2, and R3. It must have: (1) The sum of the minimum regulated voltage of the Zener diode VD1 + the voltage drop of the transistor VT1 be is greater than the actual maximum voltage of the single battery 1, less than the charging voltage of the battery 1; (2) The current It is related to charging.

Or alternatively: the voltage limiting shunt circuit comprises two transistors (VT1, VT2), six resistors (Rl, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6) and an IC1 adjustable shunt regulator, The divided voltage values of R5 and R6 are compared with the internal reference voltage of IC1 to control its overall voltage. It must have: (1) The overall forward voltage drop is greater than the actual maximum voltage of the battery 1 and less than the charging voltage of the battery 1; (2) The magnitude of the current is related to charging. An energy-balanced battery realized by using the battery balance bar comprises a casing 6, at least two battery cells 1 connected in series with each other, the battery cell 1 being installed in the casing 6, and the energy balance battery is further Including balance bar 2, each balance cell 1 is equipped with a balance bar 2, the positive electrode of the single cell 1 is coupled with the positive pole of the balance bar, and the negative electrode of the cell 1 is coupled with the negative pole of the balance bar. The balance bar is a voltage limiting shunt circuit; the forward voltage drop of the balance bar is greater than the actual maximum voltage of the battery, and is less than the charging voltage of the battery.

The technical idea of the present invention is: The use of the energy balance method has an extremely important position and significance in the secondary battery production process. According to the energy balance method, the lead-acid battery can reduce the water loss when charging, and the lead-acid battery can ensure the energy balance between the monomer and the monomer in long-term use. Tests have shown that this can increase the life of lead-acid batteries by more than 2 times on the original basis. This technology solves the problems of premature aging of the battery caused by overcharge or undercharge that are common in conventional batteries. Moreover, the production process is simple and can greatly improve the energy, power and life of the battery.

As disclosed in the applicant's 200510106137.6 "Energy Balance Battery", the structure of the energy balance battery is composed of a single battery, a balance bar, a cover, a partition, a plate and an outer casing. The balance bar consists of a small chip that is connected in parallel to a single battery.

Energy balance battery unit charging performance change: When the lead-acid battery is charged, when the battery is in low capacity, the internal resistance of the battery will become low resistance. If it is regulated, the charging current will be very large; when it is saturated, the battery will be inside. When the resistance is in a high-resistance state, the balance bar will shunt the charged current, and the battery charging current will become small, avoiding the salting of the battery electrode due to overcharging.

Energy balance battery cell discharge performance change: Because the forward voltage drop voltage of the balance bar is greater than the saturation voltage drop of the battery cell, the original discharge performance of the battery cell is not affected at all during the discharge.

Energy balance battery charge and discharge performance changes: The structure of the energy balance battery is made up of several single cells with balance bars. Before charging, the internal cells of the battery sometimes have different saturation levels. Because the battery has a balanced pressure limit and shunt, the charged battery is the same as before. Therefore, there is a difference in physical properties and chemical properties between the monomer and the monomer, and the degree of discharge is shallow. As long as there is a balance bar, no matter how many times the charge and discharge, the difference between the monomer and the monomer saturation will not be The longer the distance will be, the longer the distance will be. With the pressure limit of the balance bar, the battery will not overcharge, and the 3⁄4, 0 ₂ will not be formed due to the electrolysis of water, which will lead to the increase of sulfuric acid concentration. Chemical. With the shunting of the balance bar, the battery can be prevented from being undercharged, and the electrode activity is not degraded. Energy-balanced batteries have a much longer life than ordinary batteries.

The prior art battery cell voltage deviation, discharge depth and inter-cell capacity tolerance will directly affect it. Overall life. In the battery using the energy balance method, each cell can work normally by the shunt and voltage regulation of the balance bar. The voltage deviation, the depth of discharge and the capacity tolerance between the cells have little effect on the whole. , so the battery life will be close to the design point. It can be said that the energy balance battery is a revolutionary invention of secondary power.

The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly as follows: 1. It can effectively avoid overcharging and undercharging of the single battery, and can ensure the energy balance between the monomer and the monomer in a long-term use, and greatly improve the service life of the battery; 2. Simple structure, installation Convenient; 3, low cost.

DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a structural view of an energy balance battery.

Figure 2 is a structural view of another energy balanced battery.

Fig. 3 is an electrical schematic diagram of the balance bar of the first embodiment.

Fig. 4 is an electrical schematic diagram of the balance bar of the second embodiment.

Fig. 5 is an electrical schematic diagram of the balance bar of the third embodiment.

Figure 6 is an electrical schematic diagram of the balance bar of the fourth embodiment.

Fig. 7 is an electrical schematic diagram of the balance bar of the fifth embodiment.

Figure 8 is an electrical schematic diagram of the balance bar of the sixth embodiment.

Figure 9 is an electrical schematic diagram of the balance bar of the embodiment.

Figure 10 is an electrical schematic diagram of the balance bar of the eighth embodiment.

Figure 11 is an electrical schematic diagram of the balance bar of the ninth embodiment.

Figure 12 is a circuit schematic of a 6V lead-acid battery pack.

Figure 13 is a graph showing the internal resistance of a 6V lead-acid battery pack.

Figure 14 is a circuit diagram of a 6V lead-acid battery pack with a balance bar.

Figure 15 is a graph showing the internal resistance change of a 6V lead-acid battery pack with a balance bar.

detailed description

The invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings.

Example 1 .

Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 12, FIG. 13, FIG. 14, FIG. 15, a battery balance bar is installed in each of the battery packs composed of at least two single cells 1 connected in series. Plate 5 of single battery 1 The balance bar 2 includes a balance bar positive electrode coupled to the positive electrode of the rechargeable battery 1 and a balance bar negative electrode coupled to the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery 1; the balance bar is a voltage limiting shunt circuit; The pressure drop is greater than the actual maximum voltage of the battery, and less than the charging voltage of the battery.

As shown in Fig. 1, the energy balance battery is a 6V closed type lead acid battery, and the unit battery 1, the balance bar 2, the separator 4, the plate 5 and the electrolyte are housed in the outer casing 6 and the cover 3.

As shown in Fig. 2, the energy balance battery is an alkaline mobile phone battery board, and the single battery 1 and the balance bar 2 are housed in the outer casing 6.

The balance bar 2 is one of the main components of the energy balance battery. Its main function is to supplement the energy balance when the battery is charged, and it does not load when the battery is discharged. Its characteristics are: voltage regulation, shunt, current limit. The balance bar 2 circuit is connected in parallel to the single cell 1, the +V in the circuit is connected to the positive electrode of the battery 1, and the V is connected to the negative electrode of the single battery 1.

The balance bar is actually a voltage regulator block (also called a voltage limiting shunt circuit). The voltage is 10%~25% higher than the battery's own voltage (depending on the performance requirements of the battery itself), the maximum current is I=Cxl5% / li (I is the current, the unit is A; C is the capacity of the battery, the unit is Ah h is time, the unit is hour. The 15% here is determined according to the performance requirements of the battery itself. It does not work when the battery is discharged, and plays a decisive role in charging. It is connected in parallel to the battery to control the high resistance zone of the battery within a certain range. Referring to Figure 12, Figure 13, Figure 14, Figure 15, we will analyze its working process: Assume that the battery a, b, c monomer capacity deviation is 5%, the voltage deviation is 5%, the internal resistance deviation is 5%, total capacity is 12Ah. Then: a: when saturated, the capacity is 12Ah, the voltage is 2V; b is saturated, the capacity is 12.6Ah, the voltage is 2.1V; c is saturated, the capacity is 11.4Ah, the voltage is 1.9V. When the first discharge to 1/2C: a residual capacity is 6Ah, the voltage is 1.66V; b remaining capacity is 6.3Ah, the voltage is 1.74V; c residual capacity is 5.7 Ah, the voltage is 1.58V. Charging with 2A constant current, the first charge is charged. When charging, the initial power is 1.66Vx2A=3.32W, the starting power of b is 1.74Vx2A=3.48W, and the starting power of c is 1.58Vx2A=3.16W. b Because the charging power is relatively large, enter the smashing zone early, but because of the balance bar 2, the overcharge of b is formed, so it will never enter the overcharge state. The c power is relatively small. Because of the shunting of a and b, the high resistance of a and b has no effect on c. It is only a little slower in time, and can still enter the high-resistance zone, so c does not form undercharge. Repeatedly, they are still the same distance, so this lead-acid battery will not end its life early due to sulfation and irreversible vulcanization. Alkaline batteries are basically the same. Therefore, the prior art battery cell voltage deviation, discharge depth and inter-cell capacity tolerance will be directly Affect its overall life. The battery with energy balance method, using the shunt and voltage regulation of the balance bar 2, can work normally for each single battery. The voltage deviation, discharge depth and capacity tolerance between the cells have a great impact on the whole. Small, so the battery life will be close to the design point.

The voltage limiting shunt circuit shown in Figure 3 is a diode VD1. It must have: (1) The forward voltage drop is greater than the actual maximum voltage of the battery 1 and less than the charging voltage of the battery 1; (2) The maximum allowable current 1 ≥ the charging current.

Example 2

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 12, Fig. 13, Fig. 14, Fig. 15, the voltage limiting shunt circuit of this embodiment is composed of a diode VD1 and a resistor R1 connected in series. (1) Requirements for diode VD1: The forward voltage drop is greater than the actual maximum voltage of the single battery 1, less than the charging voltage of the battery 1; (2) The resistor R1: mainly acts as a current limiting.

The rest of the structure and working principle are the same as in the first embodiment.

Example 3

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 5, Fig. 12, Fig. 13, Fig. 14, Fig. 15, the voltage limiting shunt circuit of this embodiment is formed by connecting two diodes VD1 and VD2 in series. It must have: (1) The forward voltage drop of the two diodes in series is greater than the actual maximum voltage of the battery 1 and less than the charging voltage of the battery 1; (2) The maximum allowable current 1 ≥ the charging current.

Example 4

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 6, Fig. 12, Fig. 13, Fig. 14, Fig. 15, the voltage limiting shunt circuit of this embodiment is composed of two diodes VD1, VD2 and a resistor R1 connected in series. (1) Requirements for the diode: The forward voltage drop of the two diodes in series is greater than the actual maximum voltage of the battery 1 and less than the charging voltage of the battery 1; (2) Resistor R1: Mainly acts as a current limiting device.

Example 5

1, FIG. 2, FIG. 7, FIG. 12, FIG. 13, FIG. 14, FIG. 15, the voltage limiting shunt circuit of the present embodiment is composed of two triodes (VT1, VT2) and six resistors (Rl, R2, R3). , R4, R5, R6) and IC1 adjustable shunt regulator, through the R5, R6 voltage divider value compared with IC1 internal reference voltage to control its overall voltage. It must have: (1) The overall forward voltage drop is greater than the actual maximum voltage of the battery 1 and less than the charging voltage of the battery 1; (2) The magnitude of the current is related to charging. The rest of the structure and working principle are the same as in the first embodiment.

Example 6

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 8, Fig. 12, Fig. 13, Fig. 14, Fig. 15, the voltage limiting shunt circuit of this embodiment is composed of a Zener diode VD1 and a resistor in series. (1) Requirements for diode VD1: The minimum regulated voltage is greater than the actual maximum voltage of the single battery 1, and the maximum regulated voltage is lower than the charging voltage of the single battery 1; (2) Resistor R1: Mainly acts as a current limiting.

Example 7

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 9, Fig. 12, Fig. 13, Fig. 14, Fig. 15, the voltage limiting shunt circuit of this embodiment is a Zener diode VD1. It must have: (1) the minimum regulated voltage is greater than the actual maximum voltage of the single battery 1, the maximum regulated voltage is less than the charging voltage of the single battery 1; (2) the maximum allowable current 1 ≥ the charging current.

Example 8

Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 10, FIG. 12, FIG. 13, FIG. 14, FIG. 15, the voltage limiting shunt circuit of this embodiment is composed of a diode VD1, three resistors R1, R2, R3 and a triode VT1. consist of. It must have: (1) The sum of the forward voltage drop of the diode VD1 + the voltage drop of the transistor VT1 is greater than the actual maximum voltage of the single battery 1, less than the charging voltage of the battery 1; (2) the magnitude and charging of the current related.

The rest of the structure and working principle are the same as in the first embodiment. '

Example 9

Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 11, FIG. 12, FIG. 13, FIG. 14, FIG. 15, the voltage limiting shunt circuit of the embodiment is composed of a triode VT1, a Zener diode VD1 and three resistors R1 and R2. , composed of R3. It must have ·(1) the voltage regulator diode VD1 minimum voltage regulation + triode VT1 be conduction voltage drop sum is greater than the actual maximum voltage of the single battery 1, less than the charging voltage of the single battery 1; (2) current The size is related to charging.

The circuits of Embodiments 1 to 9 above can achieve a lot of requirements of the balance bar 2, and are not listed here, as long as the circuit capable of voltage regulation, shunting, current limiting, etc. can be balanced. Stick 2.

Example 10

Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 12, FIG. 13, FIG. 14, FIG. 15, an energy-balanced storage battery includes a casing 6, at least two single-cell batteries 1 connected in series, and the single-cell battery 1 is mounted on the casing. 6 , the energy balance battery further includes a balance bar 2, and a balance bar 2 is arranged between the plates of each of the battery cells 1 , The positive pole of the battery 1 is coupled with the positive pole of the balance bar, and the negative pole of the battery 1 is coupled to the negative pole of the balance bar; the balance bar is a voltage limiting shunt circuit; the forward pressure drop of the balance bar is greater than the actual maximum of the battery The voltage is less than the charging voltage of the single battery.

As shown in Fig. 2, the energy balance battery is a 3.6V alkaline mobile phone battery board, and the single battery 1 and the balance bar 2 are housed in the outer casing 6.

The balance bar is actually a voltage regulator block (also called a voltage limiting shunt circuit). The voltage is 10%~25% higher than the battery's own voltage (depending on the performance requirements of the battery itself), the maximum current is I=Cxl5% / h (I is the current, the unit is A; C is the capacity of the battery, the unit is Ah h is time, the unit is hour. The 15% here is determined according to the performance requirements of the battery itself. It does not work when the battery is discharged, and plays a decisive role in charging. It is connected in parallel to the battery to control the high resistance zone of the battery within a certain range. The specific circuit configuration of the balance bar can be referred to the embodiments 1 to 9. In contrast to the background technology, let's analyze its working process: Assume that the battery has a capacity deviation of 5% for a, b, and c, a voltage deviation of 5%, an internal resistance deviation of 5%, and a total capacity of 12 Ah. . Then: a saturating, the capacity is 12Ah, the voltage is 2V; b is saturated, the capacity is 12.6Ah, the voltage is 2.1V; c is saturated, the capacity is 11.4Ah, the voltage is 1.9V. When discharging to 1/2C for the first time: a Remaining capacity is 6Α1ι, voltage is 1.66V; b Remaining capacity is 6.3Ah, voltage is 1.74V; c Remaining capacity is 5.7Α1ι, voltage is 1.58V. Charging with 2A constant current, entering the first charge, the power at the start of charging is 1.66Vx2A=3.32W, the starting power of b is 1.74Vx2A=3.48W, and the starting power of c is 1.58Vx2A-3.16W. b Because the charging power is relatively large, enter the high-resistance zone early, but because the balance bar 2 is in the protection of b overcharge, it will never enter the overcharge state. _C power and relatively small, since the split _a, b's, a, b c high impedance without impact on, just a little slower over time, or to enter the high resistance region, so that less charge c is not formed. Repeatedly, they are still the same distance, so this lead-acid battery will not end its life early due to sulfation and irreversible vulcanization. Alkaline batteries are basically the same. Therefore, the prior art battery cell voltage deviation, discharge depth and inter-cell capacity tolerance will directly affect its overall life. The battery using the energy balance method uses the balancing and balancing of the balance bar 2, and each single battery can work normally. The voltage deviation, the depth of discharge and the tolerance between the cells of the single cell have little effect on the whole. Therefore, the battery life will be close to the design point. The installation of the balance bar 2 of the energy balance battery is shown in Figures 1 and 2. However, the appearance of the balance bar 2 is to be insulated, and it is preferably installed on the exterior of the battery. If it must be installed inside the battery, it should not be installed in the electrolyte, and a separator should be added between the electrolyte and the electrolyte. The mounting method of the balance bar 2 of other types of batteries is basically the same as that of FIG. 1 and FIG.

Claims

Claim

A battery balance bar, characterized in that: the balance bar is mounted between plates (5) of each of the battery cells (1) of a battery pack consisting of at least two battery cells (1) connected in series The balance bar (2) includes a balance bar positive electrode coupled to a positive electrode of the single battery (1), and a balance bar negative electrode coupled to a negative electrode of the single battery (1); the balance bar is a voltage limiting shunt circuit; The forward pressure drop of the balance bar is greater than the actual maximum voltage of the battery, and is less than the charging voltage of the battery.

2. The battery balance bar according to claim 1, wherein: said voltage limiting shunt circuit comprises a diode VD1, wherein a forward voltage drop of said diode VD1 is greater than an actual maximum voltage of said single battery, less than a single battery The charging voltage, and the maximum allowable current of the diode VD1 is 1 charging current.

3. The battery balance bar according to claim 1, wherein: said voltage limiting shunt circuit comprises a diode VD1, a resistor R1, and a resistor R1 is connected in series with a diode VD1, wherein the forward voltage drop of the diode VD1 is greater than a single cell. The actual maximum voltage of the battery is less than the charging voltage of the battery.

4. The battery balance bar according to claim 1, wherein: said voltage limiting shunt circuit comprises at least two diodes VD1 and VD2, wherein each diode is connected in series with each other, and all diodes are connected in series with a forward voltage drop. The sum is greater than the actual maximum voltage of the battery, less than the charging voltage of the battery; and the maximum allowable current of the diode is the charging current.

5. The battery balance bar according to claim 1, wherein: said voltage limiting shunt circuit comprises at least two diodes VD1, VD2, and a resistor R1, wherein each diode is connected in series with each other, and the resistor R1 is connected in series with the diode. The sum of the forward voltage drops of all the diodes in series is greater than the actual maximum voltage of the single battery, and less than the charging voltage of the single battery.

The battery balance bar according to claim 1, wherein: the voltage limiting shunt circuit is a Zener diode VD1, and the minimum voltage of the Zener diode is greater than an actual maximum voltage of the battery, and the maximum The voltage regulation voltage is lower than the charging voltage of the single battery, and the maximum allowable current of the Zener diode is 1 ≥ the charging current.

7. The battery balance bar according to claim 1, wherein: said voltage limiting shunt circuit is a Zener diode VD1 and a resistor R1, and the minimum voltage of the Zener diode is greater than a practical maximum of the battery. Voltage, the maximum regulated voltage is less than the charging voltage of the single battery.

8. The battery balance bar according to claim 1, wherein: said voltage limiting shunt circuit comprises a diode VD1, a plurality of resistors R1, R2, R3 and a transistor VT1.

9. The battery balance bar according to claim 1, wherein: said voltage limiting shunt circuit comprises a triode VT1, a Zener diode VD1 and a plurality of resistors R1, R2, R3.

10. The battery balance bar according to claim 1, wherein: said voltage limiting shunt circuit comprises a plurality of transistors VT1, VT2, and a plurality of resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and IC1 are adjustable. Shunt regulator.

11. An energy balanced storage battery realized by a battery balance bar according to any one of claims 1-9, comprising a casing (6), at least two single cells (1) connected in series with each other, said monomer The battery (1) is installed in the outer casing (6), and the energy balance battery further comprises a balance bar (2), and a balance bar (2) is arranged between the plates of each of the single cells (1), The positive electrode of the battery (1) is coupled with the positive pole of the balance bar, and the negative electrode of the single battery (1) is coupled with the negative electrode of the balance bar; the balance bar is a voltage limiting shunt circuit; the forward pressure drop of the balance bar is greater than a single The actual maximum voltage of the battery is less than the charging voltage of the battery.