WO2007004390A1 - Cachexia improving preparation and cachexia improving food - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a preparation or food for use in the treatment or prevetion of cachexia occurring in a disease such as diabetes, an endocrine disease, a vascular disease, malignant tumor and tuberculosis. The cachexia improving preparation or food comprises, as an active ingredient, a plant belonging to Euphobiaceae Sapium and/or an extract from the plant, preferably a plant Sapium sebiferum and/or an extract from the plant. The cachexia improving food preferably contains a plant Sapium sebiferum in an amount of 30% by weight or more based on the total weight of the food, or contains an extract produced from this amount of the plant Sapium sebiferum.

Description

 Specification

 Cachexia improving preparation and cachexia improving food

 Technical field

 [0001] The present invention relates to a cachexia-improving preparation and cachexia that can be used to treat or prevent cachexia in diseases such as diabetes, endocrine disease, blood system diseases, tuberculosis, and malignant tumors. Related to improved food.

 Background art

 [0002] When a disease such as diabetes, endocrine disease, blood system disease, tuberculosis, malignant tumor, etc. worsens, symptoms such as generalized weakness, malaise, loss of appetite, irritability (extreme skinny), inability to act Occasionally, the skin becomes dry and loose, pale, pale, and the dents of both eyes and eyes are also characterized (cachexia) and may be accompanied by edema of the eyelids or lower legs. Such a state is called “cachexia”!ヽ ぅ.

 [0003] Cachexia is considered to be a pathological condition caused by various metabolic abnormalities including proteins and toxohormone. Biochemically, electrolyte abnormalities (eg, hypercalcemia) and in many cases tumor necrosis factor (TNF-a), interleukin-6 (interleukin, IL-6), Changes in the level of physiologically active substances such as interferon (IFN) and toxohormone are also observed.

 [0004] In addition, decreased appetite-related hormones (darrelin, levutin), increased caloric activity of feeding-suppressing neurons in the hypothalamus, decreased feeding-promoting neuronal activity, and suppressed gastric motility and secretory function through the vagus nerve pathway However, it causes anorexia and causes weight loss, anxiety, malaise, and hence a decline in daily behavioral ability.

 [0005] Cachexia causes an extreme decrease in patient quality of life (QOL). Improving cachexia (especially malaise, loss of appetite, and anxiety) empowers patients to behave daily, reduces the mental distress of patients and their families, improves the quality of survival, and clinically However, it also has great social significance.

[0006] To date, there is only a symptomatic treatment method for cachexia, and there is no effective treatment method. Drugs that are used symptomatically in Japan are Purinperan as the first choice, Hystron H and steroid as the third choice (Non-patent document 1, Non-patent document 2, Non-patent document 3). However, all these drugs have strong side effects. Patients who have progressed to cachexia are no longer able to withstand the side effects of these drugs.

 [0007] Therefore, in recent years, research on anti-cachexia action in natural medicinal plants has been conducted. The natural medicinal plants that have been known to be effective in improving cachexia are Huang Ren (Non-Patent Document 4), Ginseng (Non-Patent Document 5), Juzen Daiyoto (Ginseng, Bucurio, A mixture of ten kinds of herbal medicines such as biakuju, kanzo, touki, shatayak, senkiyu, jiou, nikki, and bushi, non-patent document 6).

 [0008] However, when these plants were used, although improvements in the biochemical indicators (TNF-a, IFN, IL-6, etc.) were seen in the data, the efficacy was too low for clinical capabilities. A satisfactory effect cannot be obtained.

 Non-patent document 1: Tetsuo Kashiwagi, “Palliative Medicine”, 1997, Miwa Shoten, Tokyo.

 Non-patent document 2: World Health Organization, “Release from end-stage symptoms”, 2000, Medical School, East Non-patent document 3: Makoto Yamamuro, “Palliative Care Text”, 2002: Chugai Medical, Tokyo.

Non-Patent Document 4: Tokuo Iizuka et al., “Study on the effect of Coptidis rhizoma on cancer cachexia”, Vol. 15, No. 3, p. 354, 2001, Biotherapy _G

 Non-Patent Document 5: Toru Sugiyama et al., “Chinese medicine in Chinese medicine and gynecological cancer treatment”, Vol.48, No.3, p.153-157, 2002, Cancer.

Non-Patent Document 6: Masanori Takahashi, “Effects of Juzentaiyoto (TJ-48) on anorexia in end-stage gastrointestinal cancer—particularly the relationship with the appetite-related hormone darrelin”, Vol.24, No. ll, p.2742-3, 2004, Prog Med ₀

 Disclosure of the invention

 Problems to be solved by the invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is to treat cachexia, which has a significant clinical effect and is not toxic to cachexia associated with diseases such as diabetes, endocrine disease, blood system disease, tuberculosis and malignant tumors. Alternatively, a cachexia-improving preparation and a cachexia-improving food that can be used for prevention are provided. Means for solving the problem

 [0010] As a result of studying the action of nankinose, which is a plant, for which anticancer activity is recognized (Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-364329) in improving cachexia, the present inventors have found that nankin goby and its extract are It has been found that it has an excellent cachexia improving action.

 [0011] By using nankinose and its extract as an active ingredient, an effective preparation and food for treating or preventing cachexia can be obtained.

 The invention's effect

 [0012] Plants of the genus Sapium, such as Nankinno and Ze, and Z or extracts thereof are extremely useful in that they have an excellent cachexia-improving action and have no serious side effects. The preparations and foods according to the present invention containing these components improve the treatment of cachexia in patients with diabetes, endocrine diseases, blood system diseases, tuberculosis, malignant tumors, etc., which have no serious side effects. Can be improved.

 [0013] In addition, prophylactic use of the preparations and foods according to the present invention can prevent diseases such as diabetes, endocrine diseases, blood system diseases, tuberculosis, and malignant tumors from progressing to cachexia.

 Brief Description of Drawings

 [0014] [Fig. 1] Subjective symptoms (anorexia, malaise) and body weight change due to administration of nankinose extract.

 BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

 [0015] The "cachexia-improving preparation" in the present invention is a plant belonging to the genus Sapium, such as Nankinose, and Z or an extract thereof (hereinafter, these are also referred to as "anti-cachexia substances"). In a general form that can be used for the treatment or prevention of cachexia, which may contain other ingredients as needed, and may contain other ingredients as necessary. Drug, quasi-drug).

[0016] The "extract" is an extract obtained by extracting a plant of the genus Sapium, such as Nankinno and Ze, with a solvent, or a dried product obtained by drying the extract. . Fresh ground peanut 'dried material', ground nankinose extract and dried With dry powder! The above anti-cachexia substance itself is also included in the embodiment of the cachexia-improving preparation of the present invention.

 [0017] The "cachexia-improving food" in the present invention refers to foods and drinks that are obtained by adding the anti-cachectic substance to food materials or beverage materials and can be taken orally. Functional foods (food for specified health use, functional nutrition foods), health foods, and the like in which the above anti-cachectic substances are blended are also one aspect of this “cachexia improving food”.

 [0018] The method of the present invention will be specifically described below.

 [0019] Plants of the genus Sapium and extract thereof

 The plant of the Euphorbiaceae Sapium used as a raw material for the preparation and food according to the present invention is a deciduous or evergreen shrub or tree. Plants of the genus Sapium are distributed in the tropics and subtropics of Southeast Asia and Central and South America. f column? J, Sapium sebiferum, Sapium discolor, Sapium biglandmosum, Sapium jap onicum, Sapium caribaeum, Sapium glandulosum, Sapium laurocerasus, Sebastiania b ilocularis, Sapium biloculare, Sapium laurifolium, Sapium aucuparic, Sapium aucuparic, As a material that can be particularly preferably used in the present invention, nankinase can be mentioned.

[0020] Ma 7, Euphorbia cotinifolia, Manihot esculenta, Bichoffia javancia Blume, Croton ti glium L., Glochiaion puberum (Linn.) Hutch., Mallotus apelta (Lour.) Muell.Arg., Ale hornea davidii Franch. David Xmas bush, Euphoroia pekinensis Rupr., Euphorbia lat hyris Linn., Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata, Euphorbia lathyris Linn., Euphorbia hel ioscopia Linn., Phyllanthus urinaria Linn., Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd., Euphorbia esula Linn. Wall., Bischofia polyc arpa, Acalypha australis Linn., Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd.ex Klotzsch., Codiaeu m variegatum (L.) Bl, Aleurites fordii Hemsl., Mallotus japonicus, Mallotus philippin ensis, Mallotus tenuifolius Muell. Arg., Gelonium aequoreu m Hance, Euphorbia tirucalli L., Drypetes littoralis (CB Rob.) Merr., Codiaeum v ariegatum (L.) Juss., Aleurites montana (Lour.) Wils., Aleurites moluccana (L.) Will d. Bichoffia javancia Blume, Euphorbia jolkinii, Euphorbia nematocypha Hand.- Maz z, Euphorbia marginata, E. heterophylla, E. nemato- cypha, Euphorbia esula, Eupho rbia hirta, Euphorbia humifusa, Euphorbia kansui, Euphorbia lathyris, Euphorbia ma culata, Euphorbia marginata, Euphorbia milkin, Euphorbia pekinensis, Euphorbia pulea rim Euphorbia wallichii ゝ and other Euphorbiaceae plants also seem to have anti-cachectic activity.

 [0021] Nankin goby (Nanjing Huangpu, Scientific name: Sapium sebiferum (Ro). Roxb. Or Triadica sebifer a (L.) Small .. Name: Vegetable tallow, hinese tallow tree, fallow tree, white wax bery, chicken tree, Or, popcorn tree) is a deciduous Takagi tree, native to Euphorbiaceae, which has beautiful reddish leaves in autumn and is planted as a garden lantern in the street. In Japan, the dried root bark is used as a diuretic or laxative, and its seeds are used as a raw material for candles and stone walls.

 [0022] In the preparation of the preparation and food according to the present invention, the site of use of plants of the genus Sapium, such as nankinose, is not particularly limited, but for example, fruit, stem, root, root bark, flower, seed, A husk, greaves, trunk, xylem, branch, etc. can be used. It can also be used with various parts such as the trunk or root epidermis, soft tissue, endothelium, xylem, and sieve. Among them, the root bark, the root including the bark, the bark, etc. are preferable parts. These plant materials can be wet and dry!

 [0023] The method for producing the plant material extract (the method for extracting active ingredients) is not particularly limited, and a known method can be used. For example, fresh root bark of nankinose or dried root bark is soaked in distilled water, left at low temperature for several minutes to several tens of hours to obtain an extract, and further dried by spray drying etc. if necessary The method of doing is mentioned. Examples of other methods for producing the extract include a hot water extraction method and a solvent extraction method.

 [0024] The plant material and the extract thereof may be used alone or in combination. It is also possible to use a mixture of a plurality of different plant materials.

 [0025] It should be noted that when humans ingest nankinose and Z or an extract thereof, the power that may cause diarrhea or nausea is recovered after about half a day. There are no other side effects and no toxicity.

[0026] The type of the extraction solvent is not particularly limited, but for example, water, a hydrophilic organic solvent, And lipophilic organic solvents. Examples of the hydrophilic organic solvent include lower alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol, organic acids such as formic acid and acetic acid, dimethyl sulfoxide and phenols. Of these, water or ethanol is preferable because it is used for food. Examples of lipophilic organic solvents include black and white form, pentane, hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, benzene, and vegetable oils such as rapeseed oil.

 [0027] In addition to common plant components, Quercetin, gallic acid, kaempferol (Kercetin), and other extracts of the plant of the genus Sapium, such as Nankinno and Ze, or extracts thereof (cachexia-improving substances) Kaempferol), Gallic acid ethyl ester, Tannins, Amino acids, Caseins hydrolyzat es, β-Dalcogallin (β-glucogallin), Gerain ( Geraniin), Furosin, Tencacatine, Chebulagic acid, Chlorogenic a cid, 1,2,3,6-Tetra-0- or 1,2,3,4, 6-penta-0-galloyl- j8 -D-glucose (1,2,3,6—tetra— 0— or 1,2,3,4,6—penta—O—galloy j8—D—glucos), j8 —Sitosterol glycosides (j8 -Sitosterol glycosides), astragalin, (-) Lolioli de, Bon-3,4,7-trihydroxy-triacetate (Flavone -3,4 ', 7-trihydroxy-triace tate), Ellagic acid, Isoquercitrin, Quercetin monodalcoside, Quercetin It contains components such as sugars, quercetin monoglucoside, glycosides or glucosides, and methyl gallate. Although the mechanism of the cachexia-improving action of the above substances has not been fully elucidated, it is considered that ingredients that contribute to the improvement of cachexia are preferred and contained in abundant proportions.

 [0028] Evil liquid cooking) ¾ to ffl

The preparation or food according to the present invention is used for diabetes, endocrine disease, blood system disease, tuberculosis, malignant tumor (carcinoma originating from epithelial cells, sarcoma derived from non-epithelial cells such as bone and muscle (sarcoma). It is used for humans or non-human animals for the purpose of improving cachexia in diseases such as hematopoietic tumors) or preventing the occurrence of cachexia. A therapeutic preparation or food is intended to be administered to a patient already suffering from cachexia to improve symptoms or cure cachexia, and a prophylactic preparation or food The food is administered to patients who have not yet fallen into cachexia, such as diabetes, endocrine disease, blood system disease, tuberculosis, and bad tumors, to prevent symptoms from progressing to cachexia. It is. The cachexia targeted by the preparation or food according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is derived from diseases other than those exemplified above.

 [0029] The cachexia-improving action or the therapeutic effect of the preparation or food according to the present invention is an evaluation method for humans, which is a publicly known method (evaluation method based on clinical index ability, biochemical index). Evaluation method) or an evaluation method for cancer-bearing animal models can be used.

 [0030] From the viewpoint of clinical indicators, it is treated as improvement of cachexia or escape from cachexia (healing), which is seen in improvement of appetite, weight gain, reduction of fatigue, recovery of ability of daily behavior, etc. The effect of treatment can be evaluated. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of biochemical indicators, the concentration of site forces such as TNF-α, IFN, and IL 6, as well as plasma calcium concentration and blood glucose level are used as evaluation indicators. You may evaluate.

 [0031] The dose of the preparation or food according to the present invention can be appropriately adjusted according to the form of the preparation, the condition of the subject to be used, etc. If a plant or food containing an extract of the genus Sapium, such as peanut, 0.01 to 5 gZdayZkg, preferably 0.05 to 0.5 g / day / kg, or an equivalent extract is used for the patient, etc. Good. For example, as can be seen in the examples described later, an excellent cachexia improving effect can be obtained by orally ingesting the above plant of 0.25 g Zday Zkg or more. In addition, for prevention, a preparation or food containing the above plant in an amount of 0.01 to 2 g / dayZkg, preferably 0.01 to 2 gZdayZkg, or an equivalent extract may be used for patients. On the other hand, animals should be administered at doses 3 to: LO times the respective numerical ranges for the above patients.

 [0032] The administration form of the cachexia-improving preparation of the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, oral administration, topical administration, one-shot intravenous injection, intravenous infusion, continuous intravenous infusion, arterial injection, intraperitoneal administration, There are subcutaneous administration and intracavitary administration.

[0033] The dosage form of the cachexia improving preparation of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be either an oral preparation or a parenteral preparation. For example, in the present invention, there is a fresh product of dried peanuts' dried product. Or the material containing the extract of nankinose can be processed into the following dosage form.

 [0034] Examples of oral preparations include internal preparations such as capsules, powders, granules, solutions, syrups, and drinks. In this case, a binder, an excipient, a swelling agent, a lubricant, a sweetener, a flavoring agent and the like can be used together with the composition of the present invention. Here, the tablets can also be coated with shellac or sugar. In addition, the capsule may further contain a liquid carrier such as fats and oils in the above materials. Syrups and drinks may contain sweeteners, preservatives, flavoring agents and the like.

 [0035] Examples of parenteral agents include external preparations such as ointments, creams, and liquids, injections, suppositories, and the like. As a base material for an external preparation, petrolatum, norafine, fats and oils, lanolin, macrocholic, etc. are used, and can be made into an ointment or a cream by a usual method. Examples of injections include liquids, desiccants, and lyophilization agents. The desiccant and lyophilizer are used aseptically dissolved in distilled water for injection or physiological saline at the time of use.

 [0036] On the other hand, a cachexia-improving food having anti-cachexia action can be prepared by blending the anti-cachexia substance of the present invention as an active ingredient. In this case, by adding various food materials or beverage materials, for example, foods in the form of powder, tablets, capsules, liquids (drinks) can be obtained. Moreover, you may add a base material, an excipient | filler, an additive, an auxiliary material, a bulking agent, etc. to this food suitably. The food is preferably taken orally in several divided doses per day.

 [0037] In such a cachexia-improving food, plants of the genus Sapium, such as nankinose, are 30% by weight or more, preferably 60% by weight or more, more preferably 80% by weight or more based on the whole food. It is desirable to mix them at a ratio because an excellent cachexia-improving action is exhibited by efficiently taking the cachexia-improving substance. It is also preferable to obtain a plant power extract having a weight within the above range and blend it in place of the plant because the same effect can be obtained. A plant and its extract can also be combined and blended.

 [0038] In addition, the anti-cachectic substance of the present invention may be added to other functional substances (for example, mushrooms having a potentiating action on the immune activity such as Japanese matsutake, ganoderma mushrooms, power oyster mushrooms, medicinal carrots, ogi, biakujutsu.

Medicinal plants, “Toki”, “Zhao”, “Cheon”, etc. which have “respiratory” action such as , Medicinal plants having the effect of “blood-feeding” such as Senkiyu, Denshichi, etc., nutritive plants such as soybeans, brown rice, glutinous rice, rice bran, rice bran, extracts thereof and processed products thereof as supplementary materials That is preferable because it has various effects with different mechanisms.

[0039] The anti-cachexia substance of the present invention can be used in combination with other botanical herbs (herbal medicines, herbal medicines, medicinal resource plants, etc.).

[0040] The botanical medicinal herbs are not particularly limited, but for example, eye grass, akaza, akakane root, akamegashi cocoon, agaritas, azo (Akiyo) , Shandong Aji (Santou Akiyo), gelatin, akebi berries (Kitsuko, Mokushi), akebi vine stems (Kitsuji, Moku), ashitanoku, asuna mouth leaves (Asunaroyou), Amacha (Amatya) , Amatiyaru, flaxseed (Amanin), shell of shellfish (Ishimeaki, Sekkmei), Yurijin (Iklinin), Izi (Amadokoro), first place (Araragi, Ichii), fig fruit (Ichidokunomi), fig leaf (Ichidikuyo) , Ichiyo, Inenae, Ireisen, Iwajisha, Iwabuki, Inchinkou, Inchinkou, Indecentイ (Ikari grass, Yinokukaku), 茴香 (Ukiyo), Ujin, Uzu, 烏 (Uso), bandit bone (Uzokko), 烏 ume (Ubai), glaze (Ujak), Tubodasa (Summer Weeds, Power Gosou), Yoyoyo, Urajirogashi, Yakuji, Engosaku, Enmeisou, Huangyi, Augon, Huangsei , Odo, Oupaku, Sakurah (Ohhi), Wang Fang (Oufulgiyo), Huang Lian (Ouren), Oohu Rafuji (Prevented, Bowie), Obaco Seed (carlet, Shazenshi) , Wabako's whole grass (car front grass, shazensou), younger brother cut grass (ontogiri sou), distant (onji), chi force, kaikin sand (kaikinsha), kaishi knee (kaigoshi), lion (gait), white lion (hakugaishi) , Kaimatsuko, Sea paulownia bark (Kaiduhi), Matari, Kaininsou, Gaihak, Gaiyo, Mugwort, Kakidooshi, Rensenso, Kakinoha (Power Kinoh), Kashiwa (Power Gino)柿蒂, シ テ ィ (city), summer hay (Kagosou), 訶子 (force), 烏 (cash), 莪 朮 (gajutsu), katsuko, katsukon (katsukon), talc (katsuseki), force mitsuru, force rush grass (Saw), fruit of power, guarana, sushi (kaliroku), lion (power), quince (carinomi), kiso (mochi), caro root (caloron), caro fruit ), Karonin, Kawayanagi (powered bamboo), Powered bamboo (Phoenix bamboo, Kisetake), Powered bamboo (Inchuk), Inuikou, Insane Kanjiyu, Kanchu, Liquorice, Kantuka, Kantoong Kong, Lotus, Kankyo, Kikyo, Chrysanthemum, Chrysanthemum Child (Kigushi), Rice husk (Kokukoku), Kisage, Koji (kijitsu), Affinity (Kisei), Mulberry (Oxide), Amorous tea (Kiseichiya), Amorous bamboo (Kiseitatake), Kitasashajin (Kitashajin) ), Yoshikusa (Kissoukon, Power Nokosou, Tachibana peel, Kitahada, Yellowfin, Obata), Tortoise board (Kiban), Gymnema Levesta, Pepper vine (Kiuri Kuri), Sakai (Kiyo katsu), Japanese cypress (Kiyo Katsu) ) 、 Apricot jelly 、 Izy (Yamatake 、 Gyokukiku) 、 Killan grass 、 Kinsakura 、 Kinkan 、 Kinkan 、 Kinginka 、 Ginzai 、 (Kinshinsai) ), Money grass ( Nsensou), Kimihihiki, Senkakusou, Guava's fruit (蕃 果 バ ン 力), 枸杞 子 (コ コ シ), 枸杞 の 根 (コ コ ノ ミ), 根 の 根 皮 （地骨皮 、 ジ コ ツ ビ）, 枸杞 葉 (ku Koyo), bitter ginseng, kudzu root (kudzu, katsukon), chinspin, kuchinashi, soba (kupaku), kumamasa, kumayanagi, tarmi, cramp skin ), Black letters (black mushrooms), mulberry tea (kutchiya), mulberry leaves (kuhnoha), mulberry seeds (kuonomi), kaki (kei gai), chicken blood wisteria (kikekto), katsura (kishi), cinnamon (keihi) , Bay laurel leaf, quail, ginseng, kenshi, kenji, kensan, ginseng, ginger, koi, Maltified sorghum (Pakugatukatou), safflower (co Power), cheerful skin (Gukkanghi), stake chrysanthemum flower (Kokukiku power), incense (Koukoku), incense (Koushi), incense demand (Koju), red ginseng (Koujin), Kosuke (Kobushi), glutinous rice (Kobei) , KOBOTA, KOBOTAJI, KOUHONG, GYUHU, GESOUKOGI (Gokajin), KAKAHYO, YUKIKO (Goshihi), WU (Gushu), osteoclastic (Koshisaiho), Talmi (walnut meat, Kotoniku), Pyramid (Gobaishi), 琥珀 (Kohaku), beef coconut (Goboshi), sesame (Goma), Gomi (Goshishi), cucumber (Koroha) ), Saiko (Psycho), Saiko (Psychobota), Spicy (Saishin), Pomegranate peel (Ishizuka pericarp, Sekiryukahi), Saffron, Chain yang (Sayou), Yamazako (Hawthorn), Sanza-keku ), Sanji (Sanjico), Sanshishi (Sanshishi), Sasa (Sansha) ), Sansyu, Sansou, Sanzukon, Sansoonin, Sansong, Sanyaku, Sanyaku, Sanriyo, Jio, Jukujio, Shion, Shikajicho, Shikaraku, Ezokogi (Sashigokika, Shigo), Bone skin, Shikon, Soft purple root Nansikon), Magnet (jiseki), purple quartz (shisekiei), shisoko (shisoshi), shiriko (shirishi), territory (jifushi), licorice (shakanzo), akaishi fat (shakushiki), glaze (shattayaku), yamato acupuncture (Yamatoshiyayakaku), Snakebed (Jiashiyoushi), Sasan (Shajin), Kitasashajin (Kitashajin), Car Mae (Shazenshi), Sha insect (Shachu), Comforter (Jiuyuishi), Shuji Jibushi, Jyuyaku, Dokudami, Shredded sand (Stasha), Minoru Minoru (Shokujitsu), Goryo (Shuukouyou), Ginger (Shokuyo), Matsuse (shoyu), Wheat (shokupaku), Sone (shobukon) , Sahma, Shoumoku, Shorengiyo, Sadako (Jotei), Jiryu, Shinyi, Singi, Shingi, Jingyo, Ikaz Stalks and leaves, Shinobi winter (Nindo), Sikazura flowers (gold and silver flowers, goldfish force), Minamata (Situtsu), Sugina, Bean drum (Zushi), Drum (Koushi), Ao Soo (Seisoushi), Aoi (Sai Tai), Blue bark (Sexy), Western ginseng (Red carrot), Red coral (Sekishakku, Ishizone), Ishimatsuko (Sekishoushi), Ishizuka peel (Sekiriyukahi), Ishidake (Sekkemei), Gypsum (Setuko) , Sarcophagus,-coconut shell, skeleton bone, senkakuso, zenkatsu, river kiyu, sentamaki, zenko, river cereal ( Senkoku), River Bone (Senkok), River Knee (Senshik), Reed Grass, Sensukkon), Regression (Sentai), Senna, Kawagai (Senbai), Whirling Flower (Senpuk Force), Senpuri, Senboku (Senbou), Kawareko (Senrenshi), grass (saw force), horned stab (saw force), horned horn (saw force), 皀 莢 (snow), mulberry (mulberry, sardine), crow ear (sword) , 蒼朮 ソ 、 草 草 昔 昔 、 桑 白 白 皮 、 、 桑 桑 桑 桑 桑 桑 桑 桑 桑 桑 桑 桑 桑 桑 桑 桑 柏 柏 柏 柏 柏 柏, Soyo, Daiuuki, Daio, Daimiko, Daikon grass, Japanese radish seeds, Rabushi, Daisekiki, Large green leaves (Daiseiyo), Daegyo (Dai Fukuhi), Large abdominal skin (Dai Fukuhi), Takatokusa (Takatodasa), Sawaran (Takusha), Sawaran (Taklang), Turmeric, Cod root peel (Tara combi), Dansang (Tangjin) , Pale bamboo leaves, bamboo leaves Dandelion Roots (Hong Kong), Dandelions (Hongwei), Bamboo (Chitajo), Ginseng Bamboo (Chickeninjin), Bamboo Leaves (Chitayo), Mom (Chimo), Tea Leavesチ (Chu), Cing (Choukou), Cing (Chiyouji), Chou-Tou (Choutokou), 猪 牙 良 莢 (Chiyosoukiyo), 猪苓 (Chiyorei), Chinpi (Chinpi), Tsuchiakebi (Doutsukusa, Dosou), Tsukusa Yukusa), Tsurudukudami root, Jutsukashiyu, Nuruna, Hamasensha, Tilleki, Tenjikuo, Tennansho, Tenma, Tenmaokuji, Tenmokutsuru, Tenmon Fuyu, Tonashi, Toki, Toki, Toshiki, Karasuma, Toshinshin, Toshinjin, Katana Beans (Touz), Cordyceps (Cultivation), Tang Dynasty (Tongokukatsu), Taojin (Tou Nin), Orange peel (Spruce), This medicine (Toyaku), Sempuri, Dokonkon, Dokaji , Dokkat, Dokudami, Toshishi, Tochinomi, Tochiyu, Dotsuso, Dobutariyo, Sankeirai, Bekko (Bekko), Bekko (Betkko), Bird immobilization (Tritomaraz), Megi (Megi), Tonpuri, Chikiko (Gifushi), Nazuna, Natsume (Sword blade, Hakutozu), Natsume, Nutmeg , Meat beans (Nikuzuku), Naruko Yuri's underground stem (yellow spirit, Ousei), soft purple root Kenshikon, Nanten Tentenji), Nantenyo (Nantenyo), Nanpange, Nagi (-gaki), meat Juyou (Nikujuyou), Nishiki (-Sikigi), Nuka (Niiyukou),-ヮ Toko,-ヮ Toko leaf (Yo), carrot, white ginseng (Nakuto), Shinobu winter (Nindo), the fruit of the rat (Matsumatsu, Toshiyoushi) ), Mouse Mochi, Sadako (Jochishi), Shell Mother (Baimo), Malt (Pakuga), White Lion (Hakugaishi), Shishijin (Hakushinin), Egret (Hakuzuku), White Skin (Hakusenpi), Bald Eagle (Hakutowo) ) White peach blossoms Sword Bean (Hakutozu), Shironan Ten (White Nanten), Minami Tenmichi (Nantenji), Shirato Bean (Hakuhens), Mumon Fuyu (Pacmontou), Nagiten (Hakukite), Hutoshi Paper (Hakoshi), Hakobe, Sone (Bashokon), lotus seed, octagon (Daiwikiyo), bee, sardine pigeon barley, hanamok, hub grass, sardine nobubu tea, Hamasensha (south majisya), beach protection wind ( Noboribou), 蕃 果 (van power), half-summer (hange), banzakuro leaf, guava leaf, half-branch (hanshiren), 蕃 stone leaf (bansekiryuyo), guava leaf, 胖大海 (hantaikai), ocean Child (Dai force Ishi), Ita-inone (Banrankon), Hikai, cluster amaryllis (Higanbana), Hikikoshi (lifelong grass, Enmeisou), Rhizono (hishinomi), dried leaves (Hiba), chickpea (castor), Karasuma (Togoma) ), Yuri (Biyak Gou White birch, white birch, white sandalwood, white rose, birch root, white flower snake tongue grass, white birch, white birchビ (Biyatsukiyosan), Hill, Minamata (Sitetsu), 枇杷葉 (Biitsuyou), Biwa leaf, coconut (Binguchi maggot), bonsai (Fukubonshi), 茯苓 (Butariyou), Tsuji (bushi), red pickles ( Beniza Lhasa), accumulating, hiding, bowing, carrots, worms, windbreaking, hobushi, huang, seo (botahsok), Faux bone oil (Hokoshi), ruptured paper (Hakoshi), peony skin (Boppi), oyster (Borei), 瑰 花 (Maikai force), Mao, Maoh, Kiyotsumao, Mao Root (Maoukon), Matari (Marine Grass, Matari), Asako Jin (Mashinin), Matabi Tabi (Vine), Heavenly Tree Vine (Tenmokutsuru), Matatabi Nut, Tenmokuji (Tenmo Kuji), Pine Nut (Matsunomi), Sea Matsuko (Mishoushi), Matsuba (Matsuba), Matsufuji (Matsufuji), Matsuya-, Matsuboshi (Shoshishi), Vinegar (Mankeishi), Mitsumona (Mitsumou force), Beeswax beetle, Mirobaran, Yuzu ), Fig fruit (flowerless fruit, strength), fig leaf, tour tree, cotton bud Chen ( Ninthin), thief (Mokuzoku), Mito (Moku), Michiko (Kokushi), Mokuten-ri (Mokuten-riyo), Mata-bachi nosilla (Mushi-kob), Kiso (mok force), Mika (mokko) , Peach leaves, horsetail, monkey, gaikan, masochist, masochinin,

Yakumo Sou, Yakouto, Yashaji, Yatsume Ran, Kumage (Yutan), Under the Snow (Yukinoshita), Yuzuri Leaves, Lily Root (Lily, Biyakugou), Yokuinin , Thunder circle (Ligan), Fukuko (Life Kushi), Rabiko (Love), Rakuji (Rakan force), Lee Nek (Recompi), Longan (Ryuganiku), Liu Yi (Ryukid), Keel ( Ryukko, Ryutan, Ryokyu, Mung Bean, Reishi, Rengiyo, Rensenso, Lotus, Ranku , Dew Bee (Mouth Houbo), Ruro-Dori, Wagyu Live (Okiogyokats), Ophioglossum pedunculosum Desv., Ophioglossum thermale Kom., Ophioglossum reticulatun L., Ophioglossum petiola turn Hook., Cirrhopetalum henryiol Stephani a graciliflora Yamamoto, Securineg a sullruticosa (Pall.) Rehad., Lepisorus contortus (Christ) Cmng, Senecio dianthus Franch., Engeron annuus (L.) Pers., Tetrastigma delavayi Gagn. ゝ Veronica spuria L., Achillea alp. Achillea wilsoniana (Heim.) Heim., Indigofera pseudotinctoria Matsun. Indigofera parkesii Craib, Anotis ingrata (Wall.) Hook. F., Begonia wilsonii Gag n., Ligularia nelumbifolia (Bur. Et Franch.) Hand. Mazz., Parochetus communis H am. ゝ Kyllinga monocephala Rotth., Pittosporum glabratun Lindl., Solidago virga— aur ea L. var. Leiocarpa (Benth.) A. Gray, Indigofera pseudotinctoria Matsum., Maianthe l TO o; x navaliaacc.DC Amsliaea triflora.Ham. Canavalialaalatal y Jf (); EU;> la hlonoma Hand.MazzerlstroasnicaTIlunD.rorem Cal *

q.) DC., Wikstroemia indica (L.) CA Mey., Panax pseudo-ginseng Wall.var.noto ginseny (Burkill) Hoo & Tseng, Panax pseudo-ginseng Wall.var. elegantior (Burkill) Hoo & Tseng, Panax pseudo-ginseng Wall var.wangianus (Sun) Hoo & Tseng, Panax pseudo-ginseng Wall.var.bipinnatifidus (Seem.) Li, Sparganium stoloniferum Buch.- Ham, Sparganium simplex Huds., Sparganium stoloniferum Maxim., Gynura segetum

(Lour.) Merr. ゝ Campylotropis cavaleriei (Levi.) C. Y. Wu, Ribes tenue Jancz. Var. Viridi. Florum Cheng, Scopolia acutangula C. Y. Wu et C. Chen, Saururus chinensis

(Lour.) Baill., Viola tricolor, Oxalis griffithii Edgew. Et Hook.f., Parthenocissus heterophylla (Bl.) Merr., Chlorophytum laxum R. Br., Pachysandra stylosa Dunn, Ci nnamomum tamala (Ham.) Nees et berm. ゝ Lysimachia insignis Hemsl., Anaphalis bi color (Franch.) Diels, Neocinnamomum delavayi H. Liou, and lmicifuga acerima (Sieb. Et

Zucc.) Tanaka., Lindera obtusiloba Β1, Vicia unijuga A. Br., Trifolium repens., Cyperus iria., Berberis sargentiana Schneid., Berberis brachypoda Maxim. ゝ Berb eris dictyophylla Franch. Var. Epruinosa Schneid., Berber diaphana Maxim. ゝ Tylop hora ovata (LindL) Hook, et Steud., Tylophora crebriflora, Evodia tepta (Spr.) Merr., Evodia lepta (Spr.) Merr. Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill., clerodendron serratu m (L .) Spr., Clerodendron s erratum (L.) Spr. Var. Amplexifolium Moldenke, Potentill a freyniana Bornm. ゝ Potentilla freyniana Bornm. Var. Sinica Migo, Scleria elata Thw., Potentilla freyniana Bornm. ゝ Enteromorpha clathrata (Roth) . ゝ Enteromorpha prolifera (Mull) J. Ag., E. cinoressa (L.) Grev., E. intestinalis (L.) Link. Zingiber offi cinale Rose. ゝ Rhus verniciflua Stokes Brassica chinensis., Rehmannia glutinosa (G aertn .) Libosch., Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch., F. hueichingensis (Chao et Schih) Hsiao, Corydalis tom entella Franch., Ipomoea hungaiensis Lingelsh. Et Borza., Odontobutis obscura (T. et S.), Discolia vittifrons Sch., Evolvulus alsinoides, Illicium henryi Diels Illicium yunnanensis Franch., Talinum paniculatum (J n. Se necio and hrysanthemoides DC., Rumex madaio Mak., Slnula helenium., Equisetum debile Roxb. ゝ Roscoea intermedia Gagn., Bolbostemma paniculatum (Maxim.) Franqu et, Achyranthes bidentata Β1 , Stanlianthus thorelii gagn., Platanthera chlorantha Cust.Ex Rehb., Melothria indica Lour., Melothria heterophylla (Lour.) Cogn., Arisaema intermedium Β1, · Asparagus f ilicinus Ham. , Angeli ca gigas Nakai, Lysimachia insignis Hemsl., Hypericum bellum, Hymenodictyon e xcelsum (Roxb.) Wall., Unio sp., Hedychium coronarium Koen., Hedychium spicatu m Ham., Clerodendron trichotomum Thunb., Odontobutis obscura T. et S.), Pseud olarix kaempferi Gord., Chenopodium ambrosioides., Smilax glabra Roxb. ゝ Smilax 1 anceaefolia Foxb. Var. Opaca A. DC. ゝ S. mairei Levl., S. menispermoiden DC. ゝ Alpi nia japonica Miq. ゝ Cephalotaxus sinesis (Rehd. et Wils.), Cephalotaxus harringtonia (Forkes) K. Koch var.harringtonia CV Fastigiata, Origanum vulgare., Canpanu moea javanica Β1, Berberis julianae Schneid. strigosa Rehd., Hydrangea umbellate Rehd., Hydrangea paniculata Sieb. ゝ Discoli a vittifrons Sch., Apios fortunei Maxim. ゝ Wikstroemia dolichantha Diels, Collocalia i nopina Thayer et Bangs Rumex madaio Mak., Vaccinium fragile Franch., Euphorbia prolifera b uch.- Ham., Hymenodictyon excelsum (Roxb. jujuba Mill.var.inermis (Bge.) Rehd., Rheum palmatum., Rheum tanguticum Maxim, ex Reg., Rheum officuinale Baill., Euphorbia pekinensis Rupr. var.japonensis Mak., Euphorbia pontica Prokh, Allium sativum, Allium scorodoprasum, Cirsium jap onicum DC. & V ant., Hydnocarpus anthelmi ntica Pier. Colysis henryi (Bak.) Ching, Marsdenia griffithii Hook. f., Adenosma ind anum (Lour.) Merr., Gryllus testaceus walker., Wisteria venusta Rehd. et Wils., Sar gentodoxa cuneata Oliv.) Rehd. Et Wils., Myrsine africana., Hordeum vulgare L., Schisandra micrantha AC Smith, Alpinia galanga (L.) Swartz, Heliotropium indie um., Adhatoda vasica Nees, Clerodendron cyrtophyllum Turcto, Polygonum tincto rium Ait., Isatis tinctoria, I. indigotica Fort., Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Breme k. ゝ Hygrophila salicifolia (Vahl) Nees, Clerodendron cyrtophyllum Turcz., Neolepiso rus ovatus (Bedd.) Ching, Scheffler ) Harms. Ulmus tonkinensis Gagn., Alpinia speciosa K. Schum., Uirardinia palmate (Forsk.) Gaud., Mussaenda e rosa Champ. ゝ Euphorbia nematocypha Hand.—Mazz., Pistia stratiotes., Rheum pal matum., R tanguticum Maxim, ex Reg. ゝ R. officinale Baill., Heteropanax fragrans (Roxb.) Seem., Dolichos falcatus Klein Pouzolzia sanguinea (Bl.) Merr., Parthenocis sus laetevirens Rehd., Vicia sativa , Blumea densiflora (Heyne) DC., Areca catechu., Musa paradisiacal L. var. Sapientum 〇. Ktze., Indig ofera tinctoria., Lycoris aurea Herb. , Stylophorum lasiocarpum (Oliv.) Fedde, Am pelocissus artemisiae folia Planch., Dobinea delavayi (Baill.) Engl., Euphorbia hirta L., Pterospermum grande Craib, Rubus setchuenensis Bur. et Franch., Anemone torn entosa (Maxim.) Pei, Caesalpinia magnifoliolata Metcalf., Pterisb nthoxylum dissitum Hemsl., Uncaria macrophylla Wall., Mosla dianthera (Ham.) Max im, Eucalyptus robusta Sm., Callicarpa macrophylla Vahl., Machilus leptophylla Han d.—Mazz., Senecio orgzetorum Diels, Senecio vulgaris pr. xim. ゝ Cayratia oligocarpa (Levi, et Vant.) Gagn., Cruculigo capitulata (Lour.) 〇. Kt ze., Lysimachia phullocephala Hand.—Mazz., Glycine max (L.) Merr. ゝ Cirsium erioph oroideum (Hook, f.) Petrak., Solanum spirale Roxb., Chrysosplenium hydrocotylifoli um Levi, et Van., Polygala chinensis., Polytrichum commune Hedw. ゝ Melastoma n ormale D. Don, Lysimachia christinae Hance, Lonicera similes Hemsl. var. .) Rehd., Setaria faberii Herrm. ゝ Sa nicula lamellijera Hance, Sanicula stapfian a wolff ゝ Hosta sieboldiana Engl., Bauhinia pernervosa L. Chen, Schefflera delav ayi (Franch.) Harms., Endospermum chinense Benth., Gelsemium elegans Benth., Mariscus umliatus Vahl. Ligularia lapathifolia (Franch.) Hand.- Mazz., Vaccinium dunaliamum Wight, var.urophyllum Rehd. Et Wils., Gaultheria for restii Diels, Polistes mandarinus Sauss., Torricellia angulata Oliv.var.intermedia (

TOp a Mak. Mallotus MuelLAT. TPialictrum faberi Ulbr. Ana! Lalls mI

g! ncliolossum OMlcuum yy jy) u Harms H Hdrocotleavamca TPUSD.var. dunensis Dunn ex Slian et Rn

lien uell.- Arg., Mussaenda pubescens Ait. f., Musa paradisiacal L. subsp. Seminifera (Lo ur.) K. Schum., Evodia trichotoma (Lour.) Pier. ゝ Ilex franchetiana Loes. Miq., Lindera glauce (Sieb. Et Zucc.) Β1, Cudrania cochinchinensi s (Lour.) Kudo et Masam. ゝ Cassia mimosoides., Pleomele cambodiana (Gagn.) Mer r. Et Chun, Cardiocrinum giganteum (Wall.) Mak., Rhynchosia dielsii riarms, Vicia a moena risch., Vicia cracca., V. pseudo— orobus Fisch. Et Mey. ゝ Artemisia cina Be rg., Cremastra variabilis (Bl.) Nakai, Pleione bulbocodioides (Franch.) Rolfe Prunu s tomentosa Thunb., Swertia punicea Hemsl., Vitis amurensis Rupr., Acronychia pe dunculata (L.) Miq., Philadelphus sericanthus Koehne, Gomphrena globosa., Mog hania philppinensis (Merr. Et Rolfer Li) , Homalomena occulta (Lour.) Schott, Senecio scandens Buch.- Ham. ゝ Lycopodium s erratum Thunb., Lycop odium s erratum Thunb. thunbergi Euphorbia lathyris., E. amygdaloides, Eup atorium fortunei Turcz., Stephania japonica (Thunb.) Miers, Lythrum salicaria., L ythrum anceps Mak. adoxoides (DC.) Mak. ゝ Ligusticum wallichii Franch., Cnidium officinala Mak. ゝ Clematis armandi Franch., Clematis Montana Buch.— Ham. ゝ Clematis apiifolia DC., C. henryi〇liv., C. pavoliniana Pamp., C lesehenaultiana DC., C. armandi Fr anch. var. biondiana (Paval.) Rehd., C. gouriana Roxb. Var. finetii Rehd. et Wils., Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don, Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don var. ecirrhosa Franch ., Fritilla ria delavayi Franch., Fritillaria przewalskii Maxim, Fritillaria ussuriensis Maxim., Fri tillaria pallidiflora Schreb., Fritillaria maximowiczii Freyn, Fritillaria roylei Hook., C yathula officinalis Kuan, Cyathula capitata (Wall.b Motum , Aconitum japonicum Nakai Ligusticum brachylobum Franch., Cheilanthes chusan a Hook., Melia toosendan Sieb. Et Zucc., Melia azedarach., Chloranthus serratus (Thunb.) Roem. Et Schult., Serratula chinensis S. Moore Eupatorium chinense., Desmodium styrac ) Merr. ゝ Clematis apiifolia DC. ゝ Aster fastigiatus F isch., Rhamnus heterophylla〇liv. ゝ Ligustrum lucidum Ait., Melandrium apricum (Turcz.) Rohrb. Itoidea Wight var.cinerascems Franch., Polygala tenuifolia Willd., Allium scorodopr asum., Cephalanoplos segetum (Bge.) Kit am. Cephalanoplos setosum (Bieb.) Kita m., Berberis amurensis Rupr. DC., Berberis wilsonae Hemsl., B. sibirica Pall., B. anhweiensis Ahrendt., B. subacuminat a CK Schneid., B. vulgaris., Polygala sibirica L. var. Megalopha Fr. ゝ Codonopsi s cardiophylla Diels f., Clematis lasiandra Maxim., Millettia pulchra Kurz var. typical f. laxior Dunn., Leontopodium japonicum Miq., Pyrrosia assimilis (Bak.) and hing, Salix hypoleuca Seem., Morus australis Poir. Levl., Aconitum pulchellum Hand.—Mazz., Tylophora yunnanensis Schltr., Lindernia mumularifolia (D. Don) Wettst., Asparagus officinalis., Pittospor um floribundum Wight et Arn., Schisandra propinqua (Wall.) Baill. Oliv., Actinidia pur purea Rehd., Euphrasia regelii Wettst., Lyonia ovalifolia (Wall.) Drud e, Polygonum chinense L. var. hispidum Hook. f., Salvia coccinea., Rubia yunnane nsis (Franch.) Diels, Parthenocissus himalayanaa (Royle) Planch , Triticum aestuvum, Micromelum integerrimum (Ham.) Roem., Hypericum erectum Thunb., Ardisia p unctata Lindl., Populus pseudo— simonii Kitag., Inula cappa DC. ゝ Rosa cymosa Tratt., Jasminum floridum Bge., Breynia patens (Roxb.) Benth., Leptadina retticulata, De Iphinium yunnanense Franch., Delphinium delavayi Franch., Crotalaria szemoensis Gagn., Stachyurus himalaicus Hook.f. et Thorns. Stachyurus chinensis Franch., S. yunnanensis obtra (Rehd.) Li, S. retusus Yang, S. szechuanense Fan g, S. salicifolius Franch., Spilanthes callimorpha AH Moore, Vicia hirsute (L.) SF Gray, Polygonum plebeium R. Br., Cladonia verticillata Hoffin., Sanicula astrantif olic Wolff ex Kreschmer, Aleuritopteris kuhnii (Milde) Ching, Sedum bulbiferum Mak., Haloragis micrantha R. Br., Tetrastigma obtectum (Wall.) PL var.glabrum Gagn., Berberis wilsonae Homsl., sinocrassula sp. ゝ Euphorbia thymifolia. , Rubus parkeri Hance, Asplenium pekinense Hance, Gentiana rhodantha Franch., Photinia parvifolia (Pritz.) Schneid, Rhododendron capitatum Maxim., Rhod odendron anthopogonoides Maxim. ゝ Agapetes mannn Hemsl., Morus australis Poir. ゝ pp gg (Eulis ILaslosIlaera fenzm Calvatiaianteanroatscll ex? e *

 pp j O) A (mensL.hi Eulis oa & cw.prosirobolusoannsirorolemann

 !; wall Toddaiia Stellana dic! lotomauus o_w & CM. Kan

 pyp O); is PotIios reensLOUr. Merr ratllea smulosa *

 ) ex H. sm. H. Sm. Roxb. var. nnetu Relid. et Wils. rroton lac

 fg¾¾ (osdlum selao Iris collettu Hook, f Trlterosermum coeruleumHandMazzI

 u deza lamentosa nunl3el;>

 y O; κ); ί ra et Francll roresaatensοχι;} · roentn CuciAalus

 p g ii (); a reens Porst cmosa AletrisTIlunD.rancll Aletrislab

 Dlcnondr

 O y a ΤΊΊΙΗΛhi OlA fclea〇Ην · Era

ygg dii Francll.ILslmacIlla conestifloa Hemsl.fardnerla anustifolia wall.rooellmerlr i ppgg; () zizihora clinoodioides -Li Stria 3W§OTUCn.Ham.roentll. Selainella davil tter, Butea suberba, Butea frondosa, Nephrolepis cordifolia (L.) Presl, Capparis pte rocarpa Chun, Capparis masaikai Levl., Capparis versicolor Griff ゝ Iris pallasii Fisch.var.chinensis Fisch., Iris halophila Pall., Rhododendronava, Ipomoea pes- caprae (L.) Sweet, Cotoneaster amoena Wils., Caltha palustris., Caltha scapo sa Hook. F. Et Thorns. Equus caballus (L), Caltha palustris L. var. Membranacea T urcz., Angiopteris fokiensis Hieron ., Verbena officinalis., Camptosorus sibiricus R upr., Equus caballus (S.), Sedum emarginatum Migo, Sedum makinoi Maxim., Hydra ngea davidii Franch., Smilax nipponica Miq. ゝ Portulaca oleracea., Coriaria sinica Maxim. Ipomoea pes- caprae (L.) Sweet, Saussurea cordifolia Hemsl., Lycopodium s ieboldii Miq. ゝ Trichosanthes cucumeroides (Ser.) Maxim. ゝ Trichosanthes cucumeroid es Maxim. ゝ Thladiantha dubia Bge. (Ser.) Maxim., Vacaria segetalis (Neck.) Garcke, Melandrium apricum (Turcz) Rohrb., Vaccaria segetalis (Neck.) Garcke., Pteris laeta (Wall.) Ching, Anoplopho ra chinensis (Forster), Apriona germari (Hope), Allium funckiaefolium Hand.-Mazz., Gastrodia etata Β1, Semiaquilegia adoxoides (D. Mak Asparagus cochinchinens is (Lour.) Merr., Asparagus filicinus ex D. Don Ham., A. meioclados Levl., A. spina sissimus Wang et SC Chen, Asparagus racemosus, Triosteum pinnatifidum Maxim., Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murr., Diuranthera minor (CH Wright) Hemsl., Hyoscya mus niger., Hygrophila salicifolia (Vahl) Nees, Aristolochia deis et Zucc., Aristolochia contorta Bge., Carpesium abrotanoides., Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxi m., Solanum indicum., Physalis minima., Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam., Aris aema consanguineum Schott, Arisaema amurense Hem. Arisaema ambiguum Engl., Arisaem a peninsulae Nakai, Arisaema thunbergii Bl., Arisaema verrucosum Schott, Arisaema lobatum Engl. Var. rosthornianum Engl., A risaema elephas S. Buchet, Osbeckia chinensis., Metaplexis japonica (Thunb.) ) Roem. ゝ Aucuba chinensis Benth., Gastrodia elata Β1, Semi aquilegia adoxoides (DC.) Mak. ゝ Stellaria alsine Grimm. Sorbus tianschanica Rupr., Triosteum pinnatifidum Maxim.

pp¾ (); oluslte ric Amelosis cantoniensisHook, et A3 · plancll5 O; m Meisnco & dunensis roentllfastrodia elata s Triosteummnatifidum Mar i jpTOOyyaomcum Trust}. FaOrum cmosu alabarica (DC.) Merr. ゝ Ficus pumila., Hibiscus syriacus., Oroxylum indicum (L.)

Vent., Momordica cochinchinensis (Lour.) Spr., Actinidia polygama (Sieb. Et Zucc.)

Miq., Elaeagnus multiflora Thunb., Garcinia oblongifolia Champ., Hibiscus mutabilis, Litsea pungens Hemsl., Viburnum macrocephalum Fort., Viburnum opulus, V. p runifolium, Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent., Lespedeza buergeri Miq. Pseudostellaria heterophylla (Miq.) Pax ex Pax et Hoffin., Pseudostellaria Maximowicziana (Franch. Et Savat.) Pax ex Pax et Hoffin., Rubus pacificus Hance, Tanacetum variifolium (Chang) Ling, Cladonia alpestris (L.) Rabht. Pedicularis davidii Franch., Pedicularis rudi s Maxim., Pedicularis dunniana Bonati, Peicularis decora Franch., Aster flaccidus B ge., Plagiopus oederi (Brid.) Limpr., Tetraplodon bryoides (Zoeg.) Lindb., Tongoloa dunnii (Boiss.) Wolff ゝ Fritillaria taipaiensis PY Li ゝ Cladonia gracilis (and) Willd., Cr emanthodium hookerii Clarke, Rubus blinn Levl., Ipomoea cairica (L.) Sweet, Antide sma bunius (L.) Spr., Anaphalis hancockii Maxim., Ficus simplicissima Lour.var.hir ta (Vahl.) Mi go, Rubus cochinchinensis Tratt., Acanthopanax gracilistylus WW S mith, A. sessiliflorus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Seem., A. senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Har ms., Acanthopanax henryi (Oliv.) Harms Acanthopanax verticillatus Hoo Acanthop anax giraldii Harms, A. trifoliatus (L.) Merr., A. evodiaefolium Franch. Var. Ferrugine us W. w. Smith, A. setchuenensis Harms, A. leucorrhizus (Oliv.) Harms, Periploca sepium Bge., Lantana camara., Chrysomyia megacephala (rab.), Trogopterus xant hipes Milne- Edwards, Triosteum fargesii Franch., Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Bail 1, Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. Et Wils. ゝ Corydalis steumnum Kar. Et Kir., Mosla soochouensis Matsuda, Schisandra propinqua (W all.) Bail.var.intermedia AC Smith, Evodia trichotoma (Lour.) Pier. ゝ Rhus chinen sis Mill., R. potaninii Maxim., R. punjabensis Stew var. sinica (Diels) Rehd. et Wils., Melaphis chinensis (Bell), Melaphis paitan Tsai et Tang, Tetrastigma hypoglaucum Planch., Lantana camara., Acer sinense Pax, Acer sinopurpurascens heng, A. h enryi Pax, A. palmatum Thunb., Abelmoschus sagittifolius (Kurz) Merr. et Wils., Kadsura coccinea (L em.) AC Smith, Schisandra propinqua (Wall.) Hook f. et Thorns Rhus chinensis M ill., Loranthus pentapetalus Roxb. ゝ Geum aleppicum Jacq., Ipomoea cairica (L.) Swe et, Pedicularis rex CB Clarke ex Maxim., Vitis quinquangularis Rehd., Ficus simpl icissima Lour. ゝ Melaphis cninensis (Bell), M. paitan Tsai et Tang, Choerospondias a xillaries (Roxb.) Burtt et Hill, Meconopsis quintuplinervia Reg. fimbriatus (Turcz.) Berger, Orostachys erudescens (Maxim.) 〇hwi, Orostachys spinosus (L.) CA Mey. ゝ Melandryun viscidulum (Franc h.) Hand.-Mazz.var. szechuanense (Wills.) Hand.-Mazz. Area inflata Reeve A. granosa, A. subcrenala Lischke, Plantago asiatica, Plantago depressa Willd., Plantago major, Plantago ovata, Dodonaea viscose (L.) Jacq. ゝ Oldenlandia uncinella (Hook, et Arn .) 〇.Ktze.var.scabrida (P ranch.) Chun, Cynoglossum lanceolatum F orsk. Sa Gynura sagittata DC. ゝ Holarrhena antidysenterica Wall., Fimbristylis miliacea (L.) Vahl, Monetaria moneta (shi.), Monetaria annulus (shi.), Coelogyne corymbosa Li ndl., Zanthoxylum dimorphophyllum Hensl. var. spinifolium Rehd. et Wils., Liparis n ervosa (Thunb .) Lindl., Anaphalis bulleyana (JFJaffh) Hand.-Mazz. Bos taurus do mesticus Gmelin, Bubalus bubalis., Aconitum ochranthum Mey., Achyranthes bide ntata Β1, Mucuna sempervirens Hemsl. ) Brid., Heleocharis yokoscensis (Franch. Et Savat.) Tang et Wang, Oldenlandia hedyotidea (DC.) Hand.-Mazz. Elaeagnus umbellate Thunb., Ficus hispida L. f., Ficus beechey ana Hook, et Arn., Rumex Patientia., Didymocarpus eburneus (Hance) Levl., Boe a hygrometrica (Bge.) R. Br., Sonchus arvensis., Rumex dentatus., Sida retusa., Lygodium flexuosum (L.) Sw., Dodartia orientalis , Rubus ichangensis Hemsl. Et〇. Ktze., Smilax riparia A. DC. し ireaea cordata Royle, Alnus lanat a Duthie, Ele usine indica (L.) Gaertn., Arctium lappa., Fortunearia sinensis Rehd. et Wils., Ce rbera manghas., Oldenlandia hedyotidea (DC.) Hand.-Mazz. Ficus hispida Lf, Ficus beecheyana Hook, et Arn., Rumex crispus., Rumex nepalensis Spr., Daphnip hyllum calycinum Benth., Arctium lappa., Saurauia lantsangensis Hu, Saurauia nap aulensis DC., Achyranthes bidentata 1 . , Gymnadenia conopsea R. Br., Gymnadenia crassinervis Finet, Coeloglossum viride (L.) Hartm.var.bracteatum (Willd.) Richter, Ranunculus japonicus Thunb., Lyciant hes biflora (Lour.) Bitter Phyllostachys pubescens Le , Melasto ma sanguineum Sims, Polygonum barbatum., Dioscorea alata., Clematis argentil ucida (Levi, et Vant.) WT Wang, Populus tomentosa Carr., Actinidia eriantha Ben th., Ilex pubescens Hook, et Arn., Ilex pubcens Hook, et Arn. Var. Glabra Chang, Picris hieracioides and subsp. Fuscipilosa Hand.—Mazz., Ardisia pusilla DC. ゝ Dryopt eris championi (Benth.) C. Chr. Ex Ching, Adonis szechuenensis Franch., Verbascu m thapsus ., Adenosma glutinosum (L.) Dru

ce, Dysosma hispida (Hao) Chun, Gerbera piloselloides Cass., Philadelphus henryi Koehne, Croton caudatus Geisel.var.tomentosus Hook., Nanocnide pilosa Migo, C ornus walteri Wanger. ss., Lindera caudate (Wall.) Benth., Photinia villosa (Thunb.) DC., Meconopsis quin tuplinervia Reg., Leptodermis pilosa (Franch.) Diels, Geranium eriostemon Fisch., Cimicifuga foetida., and lmiciiUga dahurica (Turb. .) Maxim. Cimicifuga heracleifolia Kom., Serratula chinensis S. Moore Aruncus Sylvester Kostel., Anhydrite Lepisor us psedonudus and hing, Arundina chinensis Β1, Seseli giraldii Diels., Catharanthus ro seus (L.) Ganth Don, (L.) G. Don var. Albus (Sweet) G. Don, C. r oseus (L.) G. Don var. Flavus (siang) Metcalf ゝ Vinca minor., Vinca erecta Rgl. Et S chmach, Platanthera japonica (Thunb.) Lindl., Callicarpa loureiri Hook, et Arn., Hel icteres elongata Wall., Pedicularis longiflora Rudolph, var.tubiformis (Klotz.) Tsoon g, Clerodendron indicum (L.) 〇.Ktze., Cymoiaium faberi Rolfe, Melasma arvense (Benth.) Hand.- Mazz., Crotalaria tetragona Roxb. ゝ Citrus grandis (L .) Osbeck var. Villar, Corvus macrorhynchus Wagler, Prunus mume (Sieb.) Sieb. Et Zucc. ゝ Zaocys dhumnades (Cantor), Canarium pimela Koenig, Taren na mollissima (Hook, et Arn.) Robins., Diospyros ebenum Koen., Sophora mairei Pa mp. ゝ Vaccinium fragile Franch., Swertia heterantha Ling, Sepiella maindroni de Roch ebrune, Sepia esculenta Hoyle, Salix microstachya Turcz., Lindera strychnifolia (Si eb. et Zucc.) Villar, Clerodendron yunnanense Hu ex Hand.v macror hynchus Wagler, Gallus gallus domesticus Brisson, rissistigma glaucescens (Hance) Merr. ゝ Sapium sebiferum (and) Roxb. Pubifolia Merr. Et Chun, Viola vaginata Maxim., Rubus tephrodes Hance, Gentia na urnula H. Sm., Corvus macrorhynchus Wagler, Sepiella maindronide Rochebrune, Sepia Escula Jacq., Laur us nobilis, Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge., Salvia przewalskii Maxim. ゝ S. przewalskii Maxi m. Var. Mandarinorum (Diels) Stib., S. yunnanensis CH Wight Ficus martini Levi. nb., Hiptage benghalensis (L.) Kurz, Adenostemm a lavenia (L.) 〇. Ktze., Rorippa palustris (Leyss.) Bess., Clinopodium chinense (Ben th.) 〇. Ktze., Cephalanthus occidentalis., Clematis chrysocoma Franch., Impatie ns balsamina., Rhodiola dumulosa (Franch.), Pedicularis henryi Maxim., Pediculari s longicaulis Franch. et Maxim. ゝ Pteris multifida Poir. Smith, Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle Gallus gallus domesticus Brisson, Polystichum acanthophyllum (Fr. No Bedd., Cycas revo lute Thunb., Sterculia nobilis Smith., Asplenium yunnanense Franch. Viburnum propinquum Hemsl., Rhododendrom molle (Bl) G. Don, Iris speculatrix Hance, Eupatorium chinense L., Asparagus plumosus Bak.ak Meretrix meretrix., Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bge., Cyp silurus agoo Π emm. Et Schl.) , Crinum asiaticum L. var. Sinicum Bak, Calcite, Sus scrofa domestica Brisson, Helicteres isora., Euphorbia antiquorum., Cannabis sa tiva., Aconitum sungpanense Hand.—Mazz., Polygonum chinense., P. cninense v ar. thunbergianum ^ Streptocaulon griffithii Hook.f., Euphorbia antiquorum., Tupis tra pachymena Wang et Tang, Epilobium pyrricholophum Franch. et Sav., Viburnum cordifolium Wall, et DC., Croton tiglium, Solanum indicum. ulus (Labill.) Warb., Morinda officinalis How, Morinda citrifolia, M. tictoria, Morind a lucida, Prunus amygdalus Batsch., Prunus amygdalus Batsch var.dulcis Schneider, P. amygdalus Batsch var. aria dentate (SW.) Schltr., Microtis taiwaniana Schltr., Bauhinia hupehana Craib, Au bskuaea carduiophylla Franch., Elsholtzia fruticosa (D. Don) Rehd., Ceropegia dolic hophylla Schltr., Christia vespertilionin (L. f. B. f. F., Asplenium sarelii Hook., Ta getes patula., Oenanthe javanica (Bl.) DC. ゝ Stachys baicalensis Fisch., Stachys re cta., Stachys neglecta Klok.ゝ S olanum torvum Sw. ゝ Hydrotrechus remigator Hor., Gardenia jasminoides Ellis var. G randiflora Nakai, uardenia jasminoides Ellis var. Radicans Mak. (W hitman), Whitmania acranulata (Whitman), Whitmania edentula (Whitma n), Polygonum hydropiper, Ceratopteris thalictroides (L.) Brongn., Ludwigia pros trata Roxb., Begonia pedatifida Levl., Mnium cuspidatum Husw. , Polypodium niponicum Mett., Polypodium vulgare., P. pseudoamoenum Ching, T acca plantaginea (Hance) Prenth., Tacca chantrieri Andre Boehmeria grandifolia W edd., Narcissus tazetta L. var. Chinensis Roem. ゝ Jussiaea suifrutic papyraceus Ker— Gaw, Ligustrum quihoui Carr., Ligustrum sinense Lour.var.nitidu m Rehd., Cardiocrinum cathayanum (Wils.) Mak., Adina pilulifera (Lam.) Franch., M urdannia triguetra (Wall.) BrUckn., Lysimacnia stenosepala Hemsl., Lysimachia circ aeoides Hemsl., Homonoia riparia Lour., Salix purpurea., Geum japonicum Thunb., Adina rubella (Sieb. et Zucc.) Hance Limnophila aromatica (Lam.) Merr., Rotala r otundifolia (B -Ham.) Koehne, Ammannia bacc ifera, Oenanthe benghalensis (Roxb.) Kurz, Stachys baicalensis Fisch., Gymontheca involucrata Pei, Cassia noma me (Sieb.) Kitagawa, Saurauia tristyla DC. ゝ Glyptostrobus pensilis (Lamb.) K. Impatiens uliginosa Franch., Penthorum cninense Pursh, Oldenlandia corymbosa, Myricaria germanica (L.) Desv. ゝ Clerodendron in erme (L.) Gaertn., Limnophila rugosa (Roth) Merr. ゝ Nitella expansa Allen Cotoneas ter horizontalis Decne., Cyperus glomeratus., Cleistocalyx operculatus (Roxb.) M err. et Perry Pongamia pinnata (L.) Merr. ゝ Potamogeton natans., Gardenia jasmin oides Ellis var. grandiflora Nakai, Actinidia callosa Lindl. henryi Maxim. ゝ Polygo num thunbergii Meb. et Zucc., Pilea notata CH Wright Oreocnide frutescens (Th unb.) Miq. ゝ Anemone hupehenis Lem. f. alba WT Wang, Inula helianthus— aquatilis CY Wu ex Ling, eichhornia crassipes Solms Lactuca raddeana Maxim, var. Elata (Hemsl.) Kit am. Monotropa uniflora., Chloranthus fortunei (A.Gray) Solms, Neos alanx tankankei taihuensis and hen, Sorbus alnifolia (Sieb. Et Zucc.) K. Koch, Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb., Wendlandia uvariifolia Hance, Sagittaria aginasni ivlak. ゝ Apluda mu tica., Polygonum hydropiper., Ricus stenophylla Hemsl., Ligularia sp. L., P. lapathifolium., P. lap athifolium L. var. salicifolium Sibth., Salix purpurea., G eum japonicum Thunb., Adina rubella (Sieb. et Zucc.) Hance Phragmites karka (Ret z.) l rin. Cassia nomame (Sieb.) Kitagawa, Saurauia tristyla DC. ゝ Veronica anagallis- aquatica., Clerodendron inerme (L.) Gaertn., Lindernia antipoda (L.) Alston, Hymenocallis americana Roem. et Wils., Epilobium hirsutum, Torenia glabra〇sbeck, Inula helianthus-aquatilis CY Wu ex Ling, Cacalia tangutica (Maxim.) Hand.-Mazz., Halerpestes sarmentosa (Adams) Kom. ゝ Cardamine lyrata Bge., Ligustrum quihoui

Carr. ゝ Salix purpurea., Veronica anagallis— aquatica., Impatiens uliginosa Franc h., Epilobium palustre., Vittaria flexuosa Fee, Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Drue e var. Turcz., Polygonatum invo lucratum Maxim., Polygonatum inflatum Komar., Lycopodium obscurum., Nepherit e, Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl, Magnolia denudata desr., Zea mays., Op untia dillenii Haw, Pedilanthus tithymaloides (L. ) Poit., Hosta plantaginea (Lam.) As chers., Solanum pseudo-capsicum, Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr., M. fortunei (Lin dl.) Fedde, M. japonica (Thunb.) DC. Blumea balsamifera DC., Artemisia argyi Levi. Et Vant., Artemisia vulgaris., Artemisia taurica, Blumea balsamifera DC., Benin /: O 卜 Ι £ ¾0AV s

) nn} P¾fgnn unjnsndjssdJsn3i s9 s VA¾ s sl9sl S1S9 ss, ersicolor Reeve Haliotis gigantea discus Reeve Elatostema laevigatum (Bl.) Hassk., Peucedanum terebinthaceum (Fisch.) Fisch. ex Turcz., Eucheuma gelatinae (Esp.) J. Ag., Chlamydoboea sinensis (Oliv.) Stapf ゝ Lycopodium catum Lycopodium obscurum., L. complanatum., L. aipinum., L. annotinum., Pilea cavaleriei L evl., Psilotum nudum (L.) riseb., Pothos chinensis (Raf.) Merr., Photinia serrulata

Lindl., Rhododendron metternichii S. et Ζ, Hoya lyi Levi., Mosla scabra (Thunb.) CY Wu. Et HW Li, Sedum sarmentosum Bge., Mosla chinensis Maxim., Cor alio discus flabellata (Franch. Pseudosciaena crocea (Rich.), Pseudosciaena polyactis Bleeker, Lepisorus eilophyllus (Diels) Ching, Polygonum capitatum Ham.ex D. Don, Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd., Petroleum ^ Acorus gramineus Soland. Engl., Anemone altaica Fisch., Berchemia hy pochrysa Schneid., Dendrobium nobile Lindl., Stereocaulon paschale Hoffin., Boenni nghausenia sessilicarpa Levl., Ricus sarmentosa Buch— Ham. Ex JE Sm. Var. Henryi

(King) Corner, Sulfur Pilea plataniflora CH Wright Pelargonium hortorum Bail ey, Zacco platypus (Scnl.Punica granatum., Peperomia dindigulensis Miq. effuses L. var. decipiens Buchen. f. utilis Mak., Ranunculus sceleratus., V accinium saxicolum Chun ex Sleumer, Pseudosciaena crocea (Rich.), P. polyactis Ble eker, Lindera setchuenensis Gamble ^ Acorus gramineus Soland., Vitex (Lou r.) FN Williams Uraria crinita Desv.var.macrostachya Wall., Olystichum braunii (Spenn.) Fee, Cybister tripunctatus orientalis schew., Uentiana scabra Bge., Gent iana triflora Pall., Gentiana manshurica Kitag., Uentianah , U. Riges cens Franch. Var. Stictantha Marquand, Gentianopsis paludosa (Munro) Ma ^ G. lutea, G punctata, Tubocapsicum anomalum (Franch. Et Sav.) Mak. ゝ Solanum nigru m auriculatum, S. xanthocarpum Ottelia alismoides (L.) Pers., Cyprip edium henryi Rolfe, Sauropus rostratus Miq., Nuphar bornetii Levi, et Vant., Physal iastrum heterophyllum (Hemsl.) Mak., Juncus setchuensis Buchen.var.effusoides Buchen. sphondylodes l rin., Gracilaria verrucosa (Huas. Papenf., Physeter cat Odon., Tubocapsicum anomalum (Franch et Sav.) Mak. ゝ Passiflora foetida., Eup horia longan (Lour.) Stend., Ixora cninensis Lam., Solanum nigrum., Agrimonia pil osa Ledeb. var. japonica (Miq .) Nakai Sauropus rostratus Miq. ゝ Dryobalanops arom atica Gaertn. F., Rubus sieboldi Blume., Potamogeton pectinatus., Anaphalis nepal ensis (Spr.) Hand— Mazz., Porana racemosa Roxb. duoius (Thunb.) 〇 nno, Aster scaber Thunb., Scopolia japonica Maxim., Agriophyll um arenarium Bieb., Aster scaber Thunb., Atalantia buxifolia (Poir.) 〇 liv., Woodwar dia orientalis Sm., Artemisia finita Kitag. Blechnum orientale., Glehnia littoralis F. Schmidt ex Miq. ゝ Nitraria sibirica Pall., Ainsliaea pertyoides Franch.var.albotome ntosa Beauverd, Helwingia japonica (Thunb.) Dietr. Choisy, Bougainvillea glabra var.sande ricna, Eup horbia heterophylla., Tilia tuan Szysz., Helwingia japonica (Thunb.) Die tr., H. himalaica Clarke H. chinensis Batal., Pleonomus canaliculatus Faldermann ^ Agriotes fuscicollis Miwa, Melanotus caudex Lewis. Mecopoda elongata. Banks Cipangopaludina chinensis (ray), Convolvulus arvensis, Smithia sensitiva Ait., Turbo cornutus Solander, Arisaema ringens (Thunb.) Schott, Veronicastrum cauloptera (Hance) Yamazaki, and issus pteroclada Hayata, ualium bun gei Stend. A. Gray) Mak., Chloranthus henryi Hemsl., Lysimacni a paridiformis Franch., Lysimachia trientaloides Hemsl., Caesaipinia sepiaria Roxb. ゝ Anagallis arvensis., Japalura flaviceps Barbour et Dunn, Chloranthus multistachys Pei. Liriodendron chinensis (Hemsl.) Sarg., C ucumis melo L. var. Flexuosus Naud., C. melo L. var. Conomon Mak. ゝ Zingiber offici nale Rose., Rhus verniciflua Stokes S telmatocrypton khasianum (Benth.) H. Baill., Tylorrhynchus heterochaeta Quatrefages, Eria graminifolia Lindl., Hematite, Curculi go orchioides Gaertn., Phyllostachys nigra (Lodd.) Munro var. henonis (Mitf.) Stapf ex Renus ) Keng f., SEchinopsis multiplex Zucc., Opunti a dillenii Haw. ゝ Opuntia monacantha Haw. ゝ Scorzonera albicaulis Bge., Pyrus hondo ensis Nakai et Kikuchi, Opuntia dillenii Haw., Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. a (Miq.) Nakai Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. var.viscidula Kom. ゝ A. pilosa Ledeb. var. n epalensis (D. Don) Nakai ゝ A. pilosa Ledeb., A. pilosa Ledeb. var. coreana (Nakai) Li ou et Cheng, A. pilosa Ledeb. f. davurica Nakai A. asiatica Juz., Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. var. japonica (Miq.) Nakai Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reicnb. f., Micromelum f alcatum (Lour.) Tanaka , Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz., Euonymus tengyuehensi s WW Smith, Vigna cylindrica (L.) Skeels, Lactuca sativa., Angelica dahurica (Fisch. Ex Hoffin.) Benth. Et Hook. F. Ex Franch. Et Sav. ゝ Angelica anomala Lallem. ゝ Angelica taiwaniana Boiss., Heracleum scabridum Franch., Amaranthus viridis., Bra ssica alba (L.) Boiss., Alunite, uinkgo biloba. .) Schltr. Ex Levl., Cynanchum glaucescens (Decne.) Hand.- Mazz., Prunus mume (Sieb.) Sieb. Et Zucc., Acorus calamus., Aco rus calamus L. var. Angustatus Lophura nycthemera nycthemera (N.), Artemisia sie versiana Ehrh.ex Willd., Ampelopsis japonica (Thunb.) Mak., Ampelopsis meliaefolia, Cynanchum atratum Bge., Cynanchum versicolor Bge. rutilans rutilans (Temminck), Rhodiola henryi (Diels) Fu, Ledum palustre L. var. angustum E. Busch, Melaleuca leucadendr a., Serissa serissoides (D. No Druce, Serissa foetida Comm. ゝ Tremella fuciformis B erk., Quercus acutissima Carr., Q. aliena Β1, Inula cappa DC., Cucubalus baccifer, Arnebia saxatilis Benth. Et Hook., Solanum lyratum Thunb., Solanum dulcamara., Delphinium pogonanthum Hand.—Mazz., Quartz, Lact indica., Michelia alb a DC., Pulsatilla chinensis (Bge.) Reg., Oyksatu ka dagyrruca (Fisch.) Spr., Puis at il la koreana Nakai Pulsatilla turczaninovii Krylov et Serg., Pulsatilla ambigua Turcz. ex Pritz. Potentilla cninensis Ser., P. discolor Bge., Anemone vitifolia Buch.-Ham., A. hupehensis Lem. ゝ A. tomentosa (Maxim.) Pei, Pulsatilla nigricans Anemone ce rnua, Pulsatilla nigricans Paeonia lactiflora Pall., Populus davidiana Dode Lev , Amomum cardamomum, Elettaria cardamomum White et Maton, An gelica dahurica (Fisch. Ex Hoffin.) Benth. Et Hook. F. Ex Franch. Et Sav. ゝ A. anomala Lallem. ゝ A. taiwaniana Boiss., Plumbago zeylanica Ternstroemia gymnanthera ( Wight et Arn.) Sprague, Cleome gynandra, Agkistrodon acutus (Gunther), Bunga rus multicinctus Blyth, Elaphe moellendorffi (Boettger), Clematis maximowicziana Fr anch., Brassica alba (L.) Boiss., Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt., Phaseolus vulgaris L., Saccharum Sinensis Roxb. ゝ Salvia scapiformis Hance, Pinus bungeana Zucc. ゝ Pinus massoniana Lamb. ゝ Fraxinus malacophylla Hemsl., Sophora viciifolia Hance, Impera ta cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv (Nees) CE HuDb., Ginkgo biloba., Acant hopanax trifoliatus (L.) Merr. ゝ Parnassia foliosa Hook. F. Et Thorns, var. Nummularia Nakai, P. wightiana Wall., Buddleia asiatica Lour., Tilia omeiensis Fang , Chelidoniu m majus., Chelidonium majus var. Grandiflorum DC. ゝ Coluber spinalis (Peters) Beesia calthaefolia (Maxim.) Ulbr., Quercus fa on riance, Fragaria nilgerrensis Schlo cht. , Pteroxyg onum giraldii Dammer et Diels, Mallotus apelta (Lour.) MuelL- Arg., Lindera gamble ana Allen Populus alba., Cynanchum bungei Decne., Cynanchum auriculatum Roy le ex Wight C. wilfordi (Maxim.) Hemsl., Betula pendula Roth, Anas domestica Sesamum indicum DC., Liquidambar taiwaniana Hance, Prunus mume (Sieb.) Sieb. Et

Zucc., Smilax lunglingensis Wang et Tang, Asystasiella neesiana (Wall.) Lindau, Mu ssaenda parviflora Miq., Mussaenda divaricata Hutch., Elaeagnus viridus Serv.var.delavayi Lecte., Anser domestica Geese, Canarium album (schour) , Setaria italica (L.) Beauv., Ampelopsis japonica (Thunb.) Mak., Fraxinus chinensis Roxb., D ictamnus dasycarpus Turcz., Dictamnus angustifolius G. Don, D. albus var. Caucasic us, Bombyx mori., Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill., Argyreia acuta Lour. ゝ Argyre ia lilliflora CY Wu, Dioscorea hispida Dennst., Symplocos paniculata (Thunb.) Miq. Equus ca ballus (L), Serissa serissoides (DC.) Druce, S. foetida Comm. ゝ Heracleum rapula Fr anch., Solanum lyratum Thunb., Punica granatum L. var. Albescens DC. Sw. ゝ Senecio nagensium CB and larke, Elaeagnus oldhamii M axim. ゝ Pulsatilla chin ensis (Bge.) Reg. ゝ Gerbera delavayi Franch., Populus davidiana Dode, Amomum cardamomum., Styrax dasyantha Perk. ゝ Gentiana aigida Pall., G. algida Pall.var.przewalskii (Maxim.) Kusnez., Iris dichotoma Pall., Cleome gynandr a., Agkistrodon acutus (GUnther), Fluggea virosa (Willd.) Baill. (Lour.) Merr. Var. Tomentosa (Bl.) Hand.-Maz ζ, Sophora viciifolia Hance, Ginkgo biloba., Aristolochia championii Merr. Et Chu n, Buddleia asiatica Lour., Chelidonium majus. L.) DC., Mallo tus apelta (Lour.) MuelL- Arg., Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn., Chrysanthemum morifoliu m Ramat · Fraxinus chin

ensis Roxb. ゝ Rhinacanthus nasuta (L.) Kurz, Argyreia acuta Lour. ゝ Bellamya quadrat a (Benson), Ajuga decumbens Thunb., Pulsatilla chinensis (Bge.) Reg., Populus davi diana Dode, Rhododendron mucronatum G. Don, Draco heterophyllum Ben th., Agkistrodon acutus (GUnther), Oldenlandia diffusa (WilidJ Roxb. ゝ Oldenlandia corymbosa., ○. tenellifora (Bl.) ○. Ktze., ○. pinifolia (Wall.) K. Schum., Sophora glauca Lesch var. albescens Rehd. et Wils., uynura divaricata (L.) DC., Cucumis melo., Polygala japonica Houtt., Fissistigma oldhamii (Hemsl.) Merr, Polygonum caespitosum Β1, Ficus comata Hand.—Mazz. , Ricus religiosa., Benincasa hispida (T hunb.) Cogn., Debregeasia edulis (Sieb. Et Zucc.) Wedd., Ilex chinensis Sims, Malva verticillata., Abutilon theophrasti Medic., Malva verticillata., Hepialus armoric anus 〇 berthUr, Cordyceps sinensis (Berk.) Sacc., Kalopanax septemlobus (Thunb.) Koidz., Aralia chi nensis., Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl., S. grossheimi ゝ S. nodo sa, Lancea tibetica Hook.f. et Thorns. Wahlenbergia marginata (Thunb. ノ A. DC. ゝ Caryopteris incana (Thunb.) Miq. ゝ Lancea thibetica Hook f. et Thorns. Cypripedium margaritaceum Franch., Pinellia ternate (Thunb.) Breit., Pinellia pedatisecta Schott, Portulaca grandiflora Hook., Elsholtzia ciliata (Thunb.) Hyland, Lobelia chinensis Lour. ゝ Christia obcordata (Poir) f., Pteris semipinnata and Scutellaria barbata

D. Don, Perularia ussuriensis (Reg.) Schltr., Passiflora wilsonii Hemsl., Pterosperm um heterophyllum Hance, Semiliquidambar cathayensis HY Chang, Dendropanax p roteus (Champ.) Benth., Sassafras tsumu Hemsl., Artocarpus hyparticaea Du Rietz, Deutzia ningpoensis Rehd, Glycyrrhiza pallidiflora Maxim. Ficus taiwanicola Maxim, var. Angustifolia (Cheng) Migo, Ficus heteromorpha Hem sl., Crepis phoenix Dunn, Cudrania cochinchinensis (Lour.) Kudo et Masam., Sapind us delavayi (Franch.) Radlk., Vernonia andersonii Clarke Pteracanth Wall, et Nees) Brem., Cassia alata., Ceropegia pubescens Wall., Cynanchum hancockia num (Maxim.) Al. Iljinski, Satyrium nepalense D. Don, Passiflora cupiformis Mast., Polystichum tsus-simense (Hook.) J Sm., Callicarpa rubella Lindl., Viburnum ichange nsis Rehd., Chloranthus serratus (Thunb.) Roem. Et Schult., Nanocnide japonica Bl.

Quercus liaotungensis Koidz., Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roem., Luffa acutangula roxb., D rymotaenium miyosnianum (Mak.) Mak., Euonymus bungeanus Maxim., Lindernia cr ustacea (L.) F. Mucll., Matricaria chamomilla. , Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. Et

Perry Cayratia carnosa Gagn., Arisaema purpureo—galeatum Engl., Halite, Viola y edoensis Mak. ゝ Viola japonica Langsd., Gueldenstaedtia multiflora Bge., Uueldensta edtia pauciflora (Pall.) Fisch., Gentiana loureiri (eb. , Viola inconspicua Β1, V. patrinii DC., V. oxycentra Juz., Corydalis bungeana Turcz., Anemone flacci da Fr. Schmidt, Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urban, Burmannia coelestis D. Don, Meloe coarctatus Motsch. lucidus Turcz., Melastoma dodecandrum Lour. ゝ Thym us serpyllum., Thymus mongolicus Ronn., Heteropogon contortus (L.) Beauv. ゝ Sanguisorba officinalis. , S. grandiflora (Maxim.) Mak. ^ S. longifolia Bertol., Parthenocissus tricuspida ta (Sieb. Et Zucc.) Planch., Astragalus bhotanensis Bak., Stephania delavayi Diels, Lithospermum zollingeri DC., Lithospermum Virvense. diffusa ing., Pachyr hizus erosus (L.) U rban, Ficus tikoua Bur., Ruellia drymophila (Deils) Hand- Mazz., Hypericum japonicum Thunb., Kadsura heteroclita (Roxb.) Craib, Lotus corniculatu s., Luzula capitata (Miq.) Miq., L. multiflora (Ehrh .) Lej., Polygala crotalarioides Buch.- Ham., Abacopteris penangiana (Hook.) And hing, Pratia begonifolia (Wall.) Lindl., Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad., Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. F. trichophila Schinz et

Thell., K. sieversiana (Pall.) CA Mey., Chenopodium album, Asplenium incisu m Thunb., Selaginella moellendorfii Hieron., Viola philippica Cav.subsp.malesica W. Beck. ゝ Lycium chinense Mill., Myrmeleon micans Mac Lachlan, Drosera spathulat a Labill., Urena lobata. et Franch., Veronica serpyllifolia., Cynanchum thesioides (Freyn) K. Schum., Marchantia po lymorpha., Melastoma dodecandrum Lour. ゝ Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) Libosch. Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) Libosch., Mollugo pentaphylla., Euphorbia humiiusa Willd., Euphorbia pilulifera,

Chamaerhodos erecta (L.) Bge., Raphanus sativus., Gnaphalium adnatum Wall. Ex DC., Stellaria saxatilis Buch.-Ham. Rubus iremaeus Focke, Ficus tikoua Bur., Kad sura heteroclita (Roxb.) Craib, Cotoneaster horizontalis Decne var.perpusilla Schn eid., Ophiorrhiza succirubra King ex Hook.f., Musella lasiocarpa (Franch.) CY W u, Abies sutchuenensis (Franch.) Rehd. et Wils. ゝ Celtis sinensis Pers., Colocasia es culenta (L. ) Schott, Trillium tschonoskii Maxim., Trillium camtschaticum Pall., Achn atherum splendens (Trin.) Nevski, Miscanthus sinensis Anderss., Mirabilite, Hyperic um patulum thunb., Dicranopteris dichotoma (Thunb.) Bernhmaxim, Eu zr. Sesamum indicum DC. ゝ Reineckea carnea Kunth, Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffin., Bauhinia variegata., Leontopodium leontopdioides (Wils.) Beauv. Polygonatum cirr hifolium (Wall.) Royle, Diospy ros rhombifolia Hemsl., Callicarpa bodinieri Levi.var.giraldii (Rehd.) Rehd., Thladiantha verrucosa Cogn.ex〇liv. ゝ Medicago lupulina., Capparis spinosa., Berchemia lineata (L.) DC. ゝ Ilex pernyi Franch Acanthus ilicif olius, Erodium stephanianum Willd., Geranium wilfordii Maxim., Geranium nepale nse Sweet, Geranium sibiricum., Geranium carolinianum., G. dahuricum DC., G. dahuricum DC. Var. Alpinum Bar. Et Skv., Amaranthus caudatus, Mucuna wangii

Hu, Mucuna macrocarpa Wall., Brucea javanica (L.) Merr., Sabia yunnanensis Fran ch., Epaltes australis Less., Bauhinia variegata., Phryma leptostachya., Citrullu s vulgaris Schrad., P850, Mactra antiquata Spengler, Panax Quinquefolium., Passif lora caerulea., Nasturtium officinale R. Br., Linum usitatissimum., Oryza sativa Opg! 3rmaendula climzl ceroeia christens emana Hand.Mazz RiAus mnommatusl

 p filicinus Ham.ex D. Don A. ofHcmahs merula mandannus Bona

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 y mm serotmumolstidium deltodon Diels Cotoneaster acutifolius Turcz. *

¾nO iatica Kirsclil.u £ rea Pers. CIlenood y orolwanclle 0S2 S1 oroDanc! Le cnos1: acha Hance orolwanclle as S. Moore var. Kuntzeanus (Hemsl.) Bailey, Rhodobryum roseum Limpr., Cicer arieti num., Ranunculus chinensis Bge. ゝ Atylosia mollis (Willd.) Benth., Sanguisorba filif ormis (Hook. ., Phyllostachys nigra (Lodd.) Munro var. Henonis (Mitf.)

Stapf ex Rendle Isodon ternifolius (D. Don) Kudo, Fraxinus chinensis Roxb., Ligus trum lucidum Ait., Exicerus pela (Chavannes), Cinnamomum cassia Presl, Myristica f ragrans Houtt., Cistanche salsa (CA Mey.) G. Beck, Cistanche ambigua (Bge.) U.

Beck, Impatiens microcentra Hand.—Mazz., Cinnamomum cassia Presl, Myristica fr agrans Houtt., Phyllostachys nigra (Lodd.) Munro var. Henonis (Mitf.) Stapf ex Rendle, Phyllostachys sulphurea (Carr.) A. et C. Rivゝ Bambusicola thoraica thoraciac (Te mm.), Labeo decorus Peters Bambusa textiles Mc- Clure, Shiraia bambusicola Henn., Xylocopa dissimilis (Lep.), Tupistra ensifolia Wang et Tang, Commelina diffusa Burm. Muell.) Bailey Murdannia divergens (CB C larke) BrUckn., Disporum cantoniense (Lour.) Merr., Pollia japonica Thunb., Comm elina benghalensis., Zanthoxylum planispinum Sieb. Et Zucc., Conax Cannaeformis

(For st.) Schum., Tecomaria capensis (Thunb.) Spach, Streptopus simplex D. Don, Lingnania chungi McClure, Sinocalamus affinis (Rendle) McClure, Tupistra chinensis

Bak. ゝ Rnizomys sinensis Gray, Lyctus brunneus Steph., Panax pseudo-ginseng Wall .var.japonicus (CA Mey.) Hoo & Tseng, Panax pseudo-ginseng Wall.var.bipinn atifidus (Seem.) Li ゝ P. pseudo- ginseng Wall.var.angustifolius (Bur kill) Li ゝ Anemone raddeana Reg., Lathyrus palustris L. var.linearifolius Ser. ゝ Lathyrus sativus, Seseli mairei Wolff, Seseli yunnanense Franch. , Lyctus brunneus Steph., Claoxylon polot (Burm. F.) Merr., Erythrina arborescens Roxb., Callicarpa arborea Roxb., Cinnabar Salvia cavaleriei Levl. Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less., Symplocos chinensis (Lour.) Druce, Physochl aina infundibularis Kuang, Impatiens chinensis., Combretum alfredii Hance, Chrys osplenium sinicum Maxim., Corydalis yanhusuo WT Wang, Corydalis Etambigua. var. amurensis Maxim. ゝC. ambigua Cham, et Schlecht., C. remota Fisch.ex Maxim. ゝ Corydalis hamosa Migo, Corydalis remota Fisch var.lineariloba Maxim, Corydalis remota risch var.pectinata Kom, Ranunculus cantoniensis DC. ゝ Crotalaria assamica Benth., Pyrite, Wedelia wallichii Less. ) SY Hu, Daemonorops draco Β1, Pleomele cambodiana (Pier, ex Gagn.) Mer r. Et Chun, Schisandra henryi Clarke, Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. Et Wils., Lesp edeza buergeri Miq., Chenopodium hybridum., Ventilago leio Sambu cus adnata Wall., Galinsoga parviflora Cav.av Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers., Helia nthus annuus., Pheropsophus jessoensis Mor. Aeschy momene indica, Actinostemma lobatum (Maxim.) Maxim. ゝ Albizzia julibrissin Dura ζζ, Albizzia chinensis Albizzia kalkora (Roxb.) Prain, A. gummifera, Albizzia julibri ssin Durazz., Aeschynomene indi , Polygala lateriflora YK Yang et al., Cynan chum amplexicaule Hemsl., Polygonum polystachyum Wall., Zanthoxylum multijugum Franch., Balanophora polyandra Griff., Clinopodium polycephalum (Van.) CY Wu et Hsuan, Dysosma auranticocaulis Mazz.) Hu, Melastoma polyanthum Β1, Meconopsis horridula Hook.f. et Thorns.Vicia multicaulis Ledeb., Lithocarpus pol ystachyus Rehd., Alnus tinctoria Sarg., Anas platyrhynchos., Artemisia anomala S. Artemisia selengensis Turcz., Lepisma sac charina., Equisetum arvense., Arctia caja., Juncus effusus L. var. Decipiens Buchen., Juncus leschenaultii Gay., J. setchuensis Buchen. Var. Effusoides Buchen., Ribes mandschuri (Maxim.) Kom., Physalis peruvia

, Juncus effusus L. var. decipiens Buchen., Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand. — Mazz., Erigeron bonariensis, Cassia tora., Dryobalanops aromatica Gaertn. f., Bl umea balsamifera DC. ゝ Aneurolepidium dasystachys ( Trin.) Nevski, Pinna pectinata, Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. Var. Batrachium (Hance) Hand.-Mazz. Hydroc otyle sibthorpioides Lam. ゝ Stephania hernandifolia Walp. Styrax tonkinensis (Pier.) Craib, Styrax hyp oglauca Perk. ゝ S. macrothyrsus Perk. ゝ S. subnivea Merr. Et Chun, Aristolochia mans huriensis Kom. ゝ Aconitum coreanum (Levi.) Raipaics, Capra hircus., Ovis aries L., Rumex japonicus Houtt., Rumex nepalensi Spr., Rumex confertus Willd. Hemsl., Lipa ris japonica (Miq.) Maxim., Strophanthus divaricatus (Lour.) Hook, et Arn., Polygon atum verticillatum (and) Α11, Polygonatum roseum (Ledeb.) Kunth, Lindernia angustif olia (Benth.) Wettst Morinda umbellata, Osmanthus matsumuranus Hayata, Ru mex japonicus Houtt., R. nepalensis Spr., Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC. ゝ Laggera alata (Buch.-Ham.) Sch.-Bip. Buddieia officinalis Maxim. Strophanthus divaricantus (Lo ur.) Hook, et Arn., Car ex lanceolata Boott, Viburnum utile Hemsl., Rhododendron molle (Bl.) G. Don, Passiflora altebilobata Hemsl., Aglaia odorata Lour.our Oryza sativ a., Eurya chinensis R. Br., Vaccinium sprengelii (G. Don) Sleumer, Erigeron cana densis., Allophylus v iridis radlk., Cyperus diiformis., Aristolocnia mollissima Hanse, Averrhoa carambola., Actinolite Actinolite asbestus Actinolitum brevifibru m, Caragana franchetiana Kom. ゝ Platysternon megacephalum Gray, Botrychium tern atum (Thunb. Nees) Β1, Stephania tetrandra S. Moore, Aristolochia fangchi Wu, Cocculus trilobus (Thunb.) DC. ゝ Aristolochia heterophyll a Hemsl., Sinomenium acutum (Thunb.) Rehd. Et Wils., Menispermum dauricum DC. ., A. kaempferi Willd., Saposhnikovia divaricata (T urcz.) Schischk., Ligusticum brachylobum Franch., Seseli mairei Wolff, Seseli yunna nense Franch., Seseli iliense (Reg. Et Sclmalh.) Lipsky, Saposhnikovia rvaricala ) Schischk., Anisomeles indica (L.) 〇. Ktze., Gynura bicolor DC., Microsorium ailatatum (Bedd.) Sledge, Syringa pinnatifolia Hemsl., Panax pseudo-ginseng Wall. V ar. Bipinnatifidus (Seem.) Li, Gnetum parvifoliu m (Warb.) CY Cheng, Styrax suber ifolia Hook, et Arn., Remusatia vivipara (load.) Schott., Monascus purpureus Went, Ormosia hosiei Hemsl. et Wils. ゝ Carthamus tinctorius., Arisaema balansae Engl., Solanum septemlobum Bge., Polygonum suifultum Maxim., Desmodium szechuenens e (Craib) Schindl., Orchis salina Turcz., Pyracantha fortuneana (Maxim.) Li ゝ Begoni a fimbristipulata Hance, Begonia membranifera Chun et F. Chun, Carrierea calycina Franch., Iresine herbstii Hook. F., Kadsura longipedunculata Finet et Gagn., Tetras tigma obovatum (Laws.) Gagn., Leontice robustum (Maxim.) Diels, Centropus sinens is (Stephens) C. bengalensis (Gmelin), Murdannia malabaricum (L.) BrUckn., Eupat orium heterophyllum DC. ゝ Umbilicaria hypococcina Qatta) Llano Gyrophora tornata

Ach., Dermatocarpon miniatum (L.) Mann., Blumea lacera (Burm. F.) DC., Peristro phe roxburghiana (Schult.) Brem. ゝ Larix potaninii Batal., Alpinia galanga (S) Swartz, Carthamus tinctorius, Astragalus sinicus, Hypericum ascyron, Actinodaph ne cupularis (Hemsl.) Gamble ^ Strobilanthes japonicus (Thunb.) Miq., Laportea macr ostachya (Maxim.) 〇hwi, Polygonum ciliinerve (Nakai) .) MuelL- Arg., Salvia plectranthoides Griff., Anneslea fragrans Wall., Dalbergi a hancei Benth., Begonia laciniata Roxb., Huechys sanguinea De Geer., Rhus punja bensis Stew. Var. Sinica (Diels) Rehd. Et Wils.ゝ Smilax glabra Robx., S. glauco—China Warb., Smilax mairei Levl., Rubus rufo— lanatus HT Chang, Ulmus pumila L. var. Pilosa Rehd., Callicarpa rubella Lindl., Mallotus barbatus (Wall.) Muell.— arg., Rhodi ola sacra (Prain ex Harriet) Fu, Machilus thunbergii Meb. et Zucc., Aralia echinocaul is Hand. Mazz., Cyathocline purpurea (Ham.) 〇 Ktze., Chamaenerion angustifoliu m (L.) Scop., Polygonum flaccidum Meissn., Polygonum blumei Meissn., Persicaria 1 ongiseta, Desmodium szechuenense (Craib) Schindl. , Hydro cotyle nepalensis Hook., Trifolium pratense., Eupatorium heterophyllum DC., Alt ernanthera versicolor Reg., Begonia crassirostris Irmsch., Blumea mollis (D. Don) M err., Viburnum ovatifolium Rehd., Desmodium gangeticum (L. DC., Rhododendron arboreum Smith f. Roseum Sweet, R. campylocarpum Hook. F., Clematis brevicaudata

DC. ゝ Elaeagnus henryi

Swertia erythrosticta Maxim. ゝ Ipomoea batatas Lam., Ilex sp., Illicium lanceolatum AC Smith, Ecdysanthera rosea Hook, et Arn., Rub us mallodes Focke, Begonia sinensis A. DC. , Alstonia yunnanensis Diels, Acanthopanax giraldii Harms, Ardi sia mamillata Hance, Meconopsis punicea Maxim., Caragana rosea Turcz., Chamaen erion angustifolium (L.) Scop., Veronica ciliata risch., Agate Ustilago nuda (Jens.) Rostr., Ustilago hordei (Pers.) Lagerh., Hordeum dislichon, Claviceps purpurea (Fr.) Tulasne, Secale cereale. Maxim. ゝ Ophiopogon japonicus Ker—Gawl., Ophiopogon intermedius D. Don, Liriope spicata Lour., L. mi nor (Maxim.) Mak., L. kansuensis (Batal.) CH Wright Ophiopogon japonicus Ker -Gawl.var.genuinus Maxim. ゝ Silene conoidea., Boehmeria gracilis CH Wright Dalbergia mimosoides Franch., Mappianthus iodoides Hand.—Mazz., Polygala tenuifo lia Willd. .) Muell.- Arg., Eucommia ulmoides〇liv., Cuculu s poliocephalus Latham As arum forbesii Maxim., Juniperus rigida Sieb. Et Zucc., Maesa japonica (Thunb.) Moritzi ゝ Rhododendron simsii Planch., Cunninghamia lanceol at Lamb.) Hook., Hippuris vulgaris ., And Mangifera indica., Myrica rubra Sieb. Et Z ucc., Weigela japonica Thunb., Myrica esculenta Buch.- Ham., Myrica rubra Sieb. Et

Zucc. ゝ ulycine max (L.) Merr. ゝ Campylotropis delavayi (Franch.) Schindl., Iris sangu inea Hornem., Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers., L. pungens Hemsl., L. euosma WW S mith, Amomum cardamomum., Peperomia reflexa (L. f.) A. Dietr. ゝ Helicia erratica

Hook.f., Papaver rhoeas., Polycarpaea corymbosa (L.) Lam. ゝ Crossostephium ch inense (L.) Mak. Ex Cham, et Schltr., Daphne genkwa Sieb. Et Zucc. ゝ Wikstroemia c hamaedaphne Meissn., Ulmus macrocarpa Hance, B ssica rapa., Brassica campes tris L. var. oieirera DC. ゝ Cymbopogon distans (Nees) A. Camus Sonchus brachyotu s DC. ゝ Amaranthus mangostanus. Vassil., Polemonium coeruleum., Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim., Zanthox ylum scninirolium Sieb. Et Zucc., Zanthoxylum simulans Hance, Z. planispinum Sieb. Et Zucc. ゝ Z. avicennac (Lam.) DC. podocarpum (Hemsl.) Hu ang, Z. piperitum DC. ゝ Sorbus pohuashanensis (Hance) Hedl., Halenia corniculata (L.) Cornaz., Clematis pseudopogonandra Finet et Gagn., Malus asiatica Nakai, Trig onella ruthenica densipennis Bernh., Lysimachia lobelioides Wall., and is sus discolor Β1, Zanthoxylum bungeanum M axim., Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb. et Zucc. ゝ Begonia cathayana Hemsl., ○ phicalcite, Pottsia laxiflora (Bl.) ○. Ktze., Asa rum maximum Hemsl., Polygonum runcinatum Buch.— Ham., P. runcinatum Buch.-H am. Var. Sinense Hemsl. , Dryopteris laeta (Kom.) C. Chr., Barleria lupulina Lindl., Barleria prionitis, Munronia sinica Diels, Oenanthe javanica (Bl.) DC., Brassica j uncea (L.) Czern. Et Coss., Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC., Atractylodes cninen sis Koidz., Atractylodes japonica Koidz. Ex Kit am. A. chinensis Koidz. Var. Simplici folia Kitag., A. chinensis var. Quinqueloba, A. chinensis var. Patr. Ex Widd., Indigofera hancockii Craib, Saxiglossum angustissimum (Gies.) Cning, Diploclisia glaucescens (Bl.) Diels, Euryale ferox Salisb., Phragmites communis Trin., Aloe vera. var. chinensis (Haw.) Berger, Piper boehmeriaefolium Wall., Arundo donax, Ruellia repens, Musa basjo o Sieb. e t Zucc. ゝ Caesalpinia sappan., Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. Var. crispa (Th unb.) Hand.—Mazz., P. frutescens (L.) Britt. Var. acuta (Thunb.) Kudo, P frutescen s (L.) Britt., Indiogofera carlesii Carib, Liquidambar orientalis Mill., Malva neglecta Wallr., Blumea laciniata (Roxb.) DC., Ardisia gigantifolia Stapf, Viola acuminata Led eb. Salvia substolonifera Stib.ib Pellionia radi cans (sieb. Et Zucc.) Wedd., Alnus japonica Sieb. Et Zucc., Thladiantha dubia Bge., Syzygium buxifolium Hook, et Arn., Phaseolus calcaratus Roxb.

Wight Halloysite, Geranium strictipes R. Kunth, Paeonia lactiflora Pall., Paeonia o bovata Maxim. ゝ Paeonia veitcnn Lynch Paeonia anomala., P. mairei Levl., P. obo vata Maxim, var. Willmottiae (Stapi) Stern P. hybrida Pall., Pyracantha fortuneana (Maxim.) Li, Saccharum sinensis Roxb., Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf, Polygonum runcin atum Buch.— Ham., Polygonum runcinatum Buch.-Ham. Var. Sinense Hemsl., Vespa simillima Smith. , Dinodon rufozonatum (Cantor), Elatostema umbellatum Bl. Var. Ma jus Maxim. ゝ Calystegia soldanella R. Br., Prunus armeniaca., P. armeniaca L. var. Ansu Maxim., Prunus sibirica., P. mandshurica Koehne Pimpinella candolleana Wi ght et Arn., Pimpinella anisum, Prunus salicina Lindl., Maesa indica Wall., Polygonu m amphibium., Crepis elongata babc., Rhodiola yunnanensis (Franch.) Fu, Delphin ium anthriscifolium Hance Sedum verticillatum., Pedicularis rex CB Clarke ex Maxim., Euonymus fortunei (Turcz.) Hand.- Mazz., Hioiscus rosa? sinensis., Ame lanchier sinica (Schneid.) Chun, Amelancnier asiatica Engl., Cyperus michelianus (L.) Link, Corydalis suaveolens Hance Heterocodon brevipes (Hemsl.) Hand.-Mazz. et Nannf., Jasminum amplexicaule Buch.ゝ Oxalis stricta, Primula vittata Bur. Et Franch., P. sikkimensis Hook., Forsythia suspense (Thunb.) Vahl, Forsythia kore ana, F. i

ntermedia, Cercidiphyllum japonicum Meb. et Zucc. var. sinense Rehd. et Wils., We delia prostrata (Hook, et Arn.) Hemsl., W. prostrata (Hook, et Arn.) Hemsl. var. ro busta Mak. Salomonia cantoniensis Lour. ゝ Kadsura oblongifolia Merr. ゝ spiraea japo nica L. f. Var. Acuminata Franch., Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth., Evodia rutaecar pa (Juss.) Benth. Var. rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth. var. bod inieri (Dode) Huang, Evodia xanthoxyioides F. Muell., E. xanthoxyloides, Baeckea fru tescens, Ilex asprella (Hook, et Arn.) Champ, ex Benth., Apium graveolens L. var .dulce DC. ゝ Salix matsudana Koidz., Tropaeolum majus., Zephyr anthes grandiflor a Lindl., Ostrea rivularis Gould, Ostrea gigas Thunb. resedifolia Takeda, Paeonia suff ruticosa Andr. ゝ Paeonia suifruticosa Andr.var. spontanea Rehd., P. papaveracea An dr. dr P. lutea Franch., P delavayi Franch., P. potanini Kom. ゝ P. szechuanica Fang, P. thalictrumifolia C. Ho et SY Chen, P. lutea Franch., P. yunnanensis Fang, Pae onia emodi, P. officinalis Clematis heracleifolia DC. ゝ Vitex negundo L. var. cannabif olia (Sieb. et Zucc.) Hand.—Mazz., Ostrea rivularis Gould, Artemisia japonica Thunb., Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, Laportea sinensis CH Wright Canis familiaris L., Dicranostigma leptopodum (^ Bredia amoena Diels, Polygonum multif lorum Thunb, Cynanchum bungei Decne., C. auriculatum Royle ex Wight, Lycopodi um obscurum., L. cernnum. coriaceum Samuels., Lycianthes lysimachioides (Wall.) Bitt., ltrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis (Noot.) Swingle Sedum lineare Thunb., Briggsi a chingii (Merr.) Chun, Sedum multicaule Wall., Aquilaria agallocha Roxb., A. sinensi s (Lour.) ilg, Kalanchoe laciniata (L.) DC. ゝ Gleditsia sinensis Lam. ゝ Salix wallichian a Anderss., Gleditsia horrida Mak. ゝ Mimosa pudica., Oryza sativa., Setaria itali ca (L.) Beauv. ゝ ireaea quaansulcata (Maxim.) Franch. Et Sav., Eriocaulon buergeri anum Koern., Eriocaulon sieboldtianum Sieb. Et Zucc. Ex St., E. nudicuspe Maxi m. ゝ E. sexangulare, E. australe R. Br., Kadsura coccinea (Lem.) AC Smith, Ze phyranthes Candida Herb. ゝ Triplostegia glandulifera Wall., Ligularia laesicotal Kit am. L. tsangchanensis (Franch.) Hand.- Mazz., Coelogyne occultata Hook.f., Incarvill ea sinensis Lam. ゝ Incarvillea younghusbandii Sprague, Hypecoum erectum. dl., Magnolia liliflora Desr., Magnolia denudata Desr., Magnolia fargesii Cheng, M. campbellii riook. f. et Thorns. Rubus sachalinensis Levl., Viola dissecta Ledeb., Mac hilus yunnanensis Lec. var. duclouxii Lec. ゝ Rhamnus globosus Bge. serpens Wall., Pugio nium cornutum (L.) Gaertn., Elaeagnus angustifolia., Salix cheilophila Schneid., A mmopiptanthus mongolicus (Maxim.) Cheng f., Astragalus complanatus R. Br., Astra galus chinensis., Astragalus adsns Pall., Calligonum mongolicum Turcz., Feru la borealis Kuan, Oxytropis psammocharis Hance, Acronychia pedunculata (L.) Miq., Artemisia halodendron Turcz., Echinops gmelinii Turcz., Oldenlandia capitellata (Wall.) 〇ula bore , Inula salsoloides (Trucz.) 〇stenf., Commiphor a myrrha Engl., Balsamodendron ehrenbergianum Berg. ゝ Quercus infectoria Olivier Cynips gallae— tinctoriae Olivier Aquilaria agallocha Roxb. ゝ Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) ing, Notopterygium forbesii Boiss., Notopterygium f ranchetii Boiss., Batrachuperus pinchonii (David) Terminalia chebula Retz., Termin alia chebula Retz. var. gangetica Roxb., Limonium gmelinii (Willd.) 〇. , Nothopanax delavayi (Franch.) Harms, Channa asiaticus (F.), Ganod erma japonicum (Fr.) Lloyd, Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss. Ex Fr.) Karst., Meliosma c uneifolia Franch., Viverra zibeula in. Desmarest, Swains onia sals ula Taub., Pithecellobium lucidum Benth., Pithecellobium saman Pithecellobine, Di ospyros lotus., Sambucus javanica Reinw. ゝ Equus asinus., Ferula assafoetida L., Ferula caspica Marsh.- Bieb. Vill. Et Fr.) Ames, Alyxia sinensis Champ, ex Benth., Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague, Het eropappus altaicus (Willd.) Novopokr., Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standi, var.depr essa Ser., L. siceraria (Molina) Standi, var.gourda Ser., Aconitum carmichaeli Debx., Trigonotis peduncularis (Trev.) Benth., Millingtonia hortensis f., Lonicera japonica Thunb. , R hodotypos scandens (Thunb.) Mak. ゝ Jurinea mongolica Maxim. ゝ Randia sinensis (Lou r.) Roem. Et Schult., Calathodes oxycarpa Sprague, Viburnum setigerum Hance, Inc arvillea delavayi Bur. Et Franch., Polygonum amplexicaule D. Don var. Sinense Forb. Et Hemsl., Prunus simo nii Carr., Spatholobus suberectus Dunn, Mucuna birdwoodi ana Tutcher, Millettia dielsiana Harms, Millettia nitida Benth., Sargentodoxa cuneat a (Oliv.) Rehd. et Wils. ゝ Mucuna sempervirens Hemsl., Millettia reticulata Benth.icula ) Trin., Elsholtzia blanda (Benth.) Benth., Habenaria delavayi Finet, Habenaria densa Wall., Parnassia wightiana Wall., Viburnum sargenti i Koehne, Abrus fruticulosus Wall, ex Wight et Arn., Groton crassifolius Geisel., Di pelta ventric Hemsl., Celosia cristata., Potentilla bifurca., Gallus gallus dom esticus Brisson, Paederia scandens (Lour.) Merr., Dioscorea cirrhosa Lour. Tripter ygium wilfordii Hook. F., Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaud., Plumbagella micrantha (Ledeb.) Spach, Kummerowia striata (Thunb.) Schindl., Kummerowia stipulacea (Maxim.) Mak., Oxytropis myriophylla (Pall.) DC., Berberis chingii shi heng, Plumeria rubra L. var. acutifolia (Poir. Bailey Codonopsis convolv ulacea Kurz, Cornus capitata Wall., De smos cochinchinensis Lour., Stellaria neglecta Weihe, Euphorbia esula., Viburnum sargentii Koehne, Pogostemon glaber Benth., Paederia scandens (Lour.) Merr. ゝ Epi pactis papillosa Ne. Psychotria siamica (Craib) Hutc h., Equus asinus., Crepis turczaninowii CA Mey., Dendrobium moniliforme (L.) Sw. Sw Rosa rugosa Thunb., Citrus tangerina Hort. Et Tanaka, C. erythrosa Tanaka, Citrus sinensis (L.) 〇 sbeck, C. wilsonii Tanaka, C. chachiensis Hort., Mylopharyng odon piceus (Richards on) Aster faberi Franch., Celosia argentea., Rana nigromac ulata HallowelU Rana plancyi Lataste, Allium sativum. Artemisia apiacea Hance, Artemisia annua, Artemisia capillaris Thunb., A. scoparia Waldst. Et Kitaib., Art emisia japonica Thunb., Avena nuda., Clinacanthus nutans (Burm.f.) Lindau, Bap hicacanthus cusia (Nees) Brem. ゝ Indigofera tinctoria, Isatis tinctoria L, I. indigot ica Fort., Polygonum tinctorium Ait., Nervilia fordii (Hance) Schltr., Aristolochia de bilis Sieb. Et Zucc. , A. ch un CY Wu, Vladimiria berardioides (Franch.) Ling, Vladimiria forrestii (Diels) Ling, Vladimiria edulis (Franch.) Ling, Sinomenium acutum (Thunb.) Rehd. Et Wils., Dipl oclisia chinensis Merr. japonica Maxim., Cocculus trilobus (Thunb.) DC., Paed eria scandens (Lour.) Merr. ゝ Hedera nepalensis K. Koch var. sinensis (l obl.) Rehd., S wertia vacillans (Hance) Maxim. ゝ Swertia pulchella (D. Don) Buch.- Ham., S. nervosa Wall Lycopodium hamiltonii Spr., Hypoestes purpurea (L.) Soland., Rhaphidophora hongkongensis Schott, Trimeresurus stejnegeri Schmidt Cynanchum otophyllum Sc hneid., Quercus variabilis Β1, M CY Wu, Desmodium caudatun (Thunb.) DC. ゝ Lytta caraganae Pallas Celosia argentea., Rana nigroma culata HallowelU R. plancyi Lataste, Artemisia apiacea Hance A. Thunb.) DC., Lysionotus serratus D. Don, Ai nsliaea rubrinervis Chang, Tripterospermum japonicum (Sieb. Et Zucc.) Maxim., Cor dia dichotoma Forst. F., Desmodium caudatum (Thunb.) DC., Rhus potanini Maxim. , Rhus cninensis Mill., Aster lasiocladus Hayata Pileostegia viburnoides Hook.f. et Thorns.Saxifraga przewalskii Engl., Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) Schult., Malus asiat ica Nakai, Rhus succedanea., Lespedeza davurica (Laxm.) Schindl. Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl., Xylanche nimalaica G. Beck, Isat is tinctoria., Isatis indigotica Fort., Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Brem. ゝ Pinus tab ulaeformis Carr. ゝ Pinus massoniana Lamb. ., Usnea longis sima Ach., Usnea diflfracta Vain., Phtheiros permum japonicum (Thunb.) Kanitz, Sciur us vulgaris., Armillaria matsutake Ito et Imai, Picris hieracioides L. subsp. japonic a Krylov, Pterocarya stenoptera DC. ) Merr. ゝ Liquidam bar taiwaniana Hance Viscum articulatum Burm.f., Broussonetia kazinoki ¾ieb. Et Zucc., Lindera umbellata Thunb., Ribes alpestre Wall, ex Decne. quadricaudata Gluck, Rubus hirsutus Thunb., Rosa roxburghii Tratt.F. normalis Rehd. et Wils., Hemiptelea davidii (Hance) Plan ch, Alhagi pseudalhagi Desv. ゝ Chenopodium aristatum. . ゝ Solanum khasianum CB Clarke Rosa omeiensi s Rolfe, Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem., Bambusa sinospinosa McClure, Salsola ruthenica Iljin, Rosa davurica Pall., Erythrina variegata L. var. Orientalis (L.) Merr. ゝ Rosa grac flor Rehd. Et Wils., S milax ferox Wall, ex Kunth Berberis soulieana Schneid., Ma honia gracilipes (Oliv.) Fedde, Mahonia ganpinensis (Levi.) Fedde, Mahonia fortunei (Lindl.) Fedde, Berberis anhweiensis Ahrendt, Cirsium belingschanicum Petr. Robinia pseudoacacia, Tribulus terrestris, Smilax nana Wang, Euonymus wilsonii sprague, Caesalpinia crista., Celastrus flagellaris Rupr., Kalopanax septemlobus (Thunb.) Koidz., Morina coulteriana Royle, Eragrostis pilosa Beauv. ゝ Scutellaria orthocalyx Hand.- Mazz., Jasminum sambac (L.) Ait., Lactuc a taiwaniana Maxim. ゝ Momordica charantia., Lactuca versicolor (Fisch.)

Sch.-Bip. Cirsium chinense Gardn. Et Champ. ゝ Solanum dulcamara., Sophoraflave scens Ait., Vallisneria spiralis., Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn., Sonchus olerace us., Centaurea picris Pall., Physalis pubescens , Ilex cornuta Lindl., Ilex latifoli a Thunb., Ligustrum pedunculare Rehd., L. japonicum Thunb. Var. Pubescens Koidz., Sophora alopecuroides. Pleioblastus amarus (Keng) K eng f., Sophora alopecuroides, Astragalus melilotoides Pall., Picrasma quassioide s (D. Don) Benn., Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn., Ligustrum japonicum thunb. Var. Ixeris denticulata (Houtt.) St ebb. Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Sta ndl.var.gourda Ser., Pueraria omeiensis Wang et Tang, Melia azedarach., Melia t oosendan Sieb. et Zucc., Ixeris sonchifolia (Bge.) Hance I. sonchifolia (Bge.) Hance var. serotina (Maxim.) Kitag., Millettia pachycarpa Benth., Scorzonera divaricata tu rcz., Loranthus chinensis DC. ゝ Brassica caulorapa Pasq. ゝ Marsilea quadrifolia., Malus pumila Mill. denticulata, M. hispida Gaertn. var. denticulata, Clematis glauva Willd., Abutilon theophrasti Medic., Rosa bracteato Wendl., Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaud., As arum insigne Diels, Solanum melongena and Castanea seguinii Roegneria s erotina Keng, Hierochloe odoranta (L.) Beauv. ゝ Castanea henryi (Skan) Rehd. Et Wil s. ゝ Drosera peltata Smith var.lunata (Buch.-Ham.) CB Clarke Monochoria korsa kowii Reg. Et Maack, Curcuma aromatica Salisb., Curcuma zedoaria (Berg.) Rosc., Prunus japonica Thunb., Pru nus humilis Bge., Prunus japonica Thunb.var.nakaii (L evl.) Rehd., Tulipa gesneriana., Delphinium monanthum Hand.- Mazz. L.) Presl, Clematis clarkeana Levi, et Van, t., Veratr um taliense Loes. F. ゝ Ainsliaea lancifolia Franch., Senecio argunensis Turcz., Veron icastrum sibirica (and) Pennell, Veronicastrum sioinca (and) Pennell. japonicum, 〇 xytropis chiliophylla Royle, Actinidia arguta (Sieb. et Zucc.) Planch., Atriplex sibinc a., Thalictrum ramosum Boivin, Arsenopyrite, Iris tectorum Maxim., Milvus korsc hun lineatus (Gray), Odontites serorit rupestre (Pali.) Bge., Lindernia ciliata (Colsm.) Pennell, Schizophragma integrifolium Oliv.f.denticulatum (Rehd.) Chun, Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc., Damnacanthus indicus Gaertn.f., Panthera tigris. Anectochilus taiwane nsis Hayata, Chrysosplenium macrophyll um Oliv. ゝ Saxifraga stolonifera (L.) Meerb. ゝ Sansevieria trifasciata Prain Sansevieria trifasciata Prain var.laurentii NE Br., Uraria crinita Desv, Delphinium tatsienens e Franch. Corallodiscus cordatulus (Craib) BL Burtt, Nephrolepis cordifolia (L.) Presl, Veronica persica Poir. ゝ Ainsliaea spicata Vant.var.obovata (Franch.) CY Wu, Pandanus iurcatus Roxb., Patrinia villosa Ju ss., Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch., Sonchus brachyotus DC. ゝ Thlaspi arvense., Ch angium smyrnioides Wolff ゝ Moghania fluminalis (CB Clarke) Li ゝ Rodgersia sambucif olia Hemsl. (Decne.) Berger, Thunia alba (Lindl.) Reichb f., Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC. Var. Villosum Huang, Oberonia myosurus (Forst.) Lindl., Artemisia brachyloba Franch., Codonopsis purpurea Wall., Melodinus henryi Craib, Dizi (Drumm. Et Hutch.) WT Wang et Hsiao, Bergenia purpuras cens (Hook. F. Et Tho ms.) Engl., Bergenia crassifolia (L.) tsch, Boea crassifolia Hemsl. Thalictrum ichan gense Lecoy. Ex Oliv. ゝ Rhodobryum giganteum (Hook.) Par. ゝ Dracocephalum rupestr e Hance, Patrinia rupestris Juss., Opniorrhiza japonica Bl.var.leiocalyx Hand.-Maz ζ rpurascens (Hook.f. et Thorns.) Engl., Co rydalis thalictrifolia Franch., Boenninghau senia albiflora (Hook.) Meissn., B. sessilicarpa Levl., Boeninghausenia albiflora Meis sn. var. japonica S. Suzuki, Berneuxia thibetica Decne., Vaccinium delavayi colorh Hu, Impatiens davidii Franch., Epiphyllum oxypetalum Haw. ゝ Laminaria japonica Aresch., Ecklonia kurome Okam. ゝ Undaria pinnatifida (Harv.) Sur., Aconitum vilmorinianum Kom. ゝ Millettia reticulata Benth. , Ocimum basil icum., Apocynum venetum., Momordica grosvenori Swingle Hemsleya macrosp erma CY Wu, Hemsleya amabilis Diels, Hemsleya chinensis Cogn., Thladiantha h ookeri CB Clarke Crinum asiaticum L. var. .) D. Don var. Maki (^ ieb.) Endl., P. macrophyllus (Thunb.) D. Don, Podoc arpus forrestii Craib et WW Smith, Bulbophyllum odoratissimum (JE Smith) Lind 1, Bos grunni Thermopsis lanceolata R. Br., Chlorophytum capense (L.) Ktz e. ゝ Neillia sinensis Oliv. ゝ Veronicastrum axillare (Sieb. et Zucc.) Yamazaki subsp.ve nosum (Hemsl.) Hong, Veronicastrum axillare (Sieb et Zucc.) Yamazaki subsp. latifo lium (Hemsl.) Hong, Veronicastrum axillare (Sieb. et Zucc.) Yamazaki subsp. stenost achyum (Hemsi.) Hong, Lindera umbellate Thunb., Luisia morsei Rolfe, Waltheria a mericana., Lespedeza davidii Franch., Cucubalus baccifer L. var. japonicus Miq., Hordeum vulgare L. var. nudum Hook. f., Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge., Excoec aria acerifolia F. Didr. spinosus., Lasia spi nosa (L.) Thw., Euonymus oxyphylla Miq., Malus halliana Koehne, Arabis pendula L., Quisqualis indica., Biota orientalis (and.) Endl., Cupressus torulosa D. Don, Sabi na recurva (Buch.-Ham.) Antoine, Eupatorium fortunei Turcz., Eupatorium cannaoi num., Begonia cavalerei Levl., Rhapniaophora decursiva (Roxb.) Schott, Campylo tropis trigonoclada (Franch.) Scmndl., Birds bhaw- daji ana Birdw., B. neglecta M. Moore Anaphalis lactea Maxim., Anaphalis lacteal Maxi mf rosa Lang, Viola philippica Cav. ゝ Carassius auratus (shi), Paraphlomis rugosa (Benth.) Prain var. coronata (Van ' t.) CY Wu, Native gold, Fortunella margarita (L our.) Swingle, Fortunel la crassifolia Swingle Fortunella japonica (Thunb.) Swingle Callicarpa kwangtungensis Chun, Stephania sinica Diels, Aconitum taipeicum Hand. — Mazz., Polygala telephioides Willd. WW Smith, Dischidia chinensis Champ, ex Benth., Dischidia australis Tsiang, Alectoria virens Tayl., Melica scabrosa Trin., Hypericum chinense., Trichosanthes obtusiloba C. Y. Wu, As arum longepedunculatum〇. C. Schmidtlus, Coleusumilus Blanco Smilax sc obinicaulis c. H. Wright Smilax glauco— china Warb. ゝ Ampelopsis delavayana (Franc h.) Planch., Smilax bockii Warb., Lotus tenuis Kitag., Pteris dactylina Hook., Inch incha succirubra Pav. ゝ and inchona ledgeriana Moens., C. calisaya wedd., C. officinalis L., Triumfetta pilosa Roth, Kyllinga triceps Rottb. ゝ Bungarus fasciatus (Schneider) T inospora capillipes gagn., Tinospora imbricata SY H u, Potentilla reptans L. var. s ericophylla Franch., Inula britannica L. var. chinensis (Rupr.) Reg., I. linariaefolia Turcz., I. britannica., Cladonia fallax Abbayes, Percocypris grahami (Regan) Anten oron filiforme (Thunb.) Roberty et Vautier, Antenoron neofiliforme (Nakai) Hara, Carpesium divaricatum Sieb. et Zucc., Phymatopsis griffithiana (Hook.) J. Sm., Calend ula arvensis., Calendula officinalis., Trollius chinensis Bge., Trollius asiaticus L. , Glechoma longituba (Nakai) Kupr., Lysimachia christinae Hance, Psammosilene tu nicoides WC Wu et CY Wu, Clematis huchouensis Tamura, Caragana sinica (Bu c'hoz) Rehd., L. dasystyla Rehd., L. similis Hemsl. fuchsioides Hemsl., L. henry i Hemsl., L. lanceolata Wall., Hyla chinensis Gunther, Hyla regilla, Wikstroemia nut ans Champ. ゝ Vermiculite, Rosa laevigata Michx., Rosa bella Rehd. et Wils. Sweet var.gigantea Rehd. Et Wils. ゝ R. macrophylla Lindl., Ainsliaea fragrans Ch amp., Clematis loureiriana DC.var.subpeltata (Wall.) Hand.- Mazz., Euonymus yun nanensis Franch., Parameria laevigata Quss.) Moldenke, Pittosporum glabratum Lin dl.var.neriifolium Rehd. Et Wils., Smilax glauco-cnina Warb., Amphicome arguta (R oyle) Lindl., Bidens pilosa., Bidens biternata (Lour.) Merr. Et Sheriff Limoniumau (L.) Hill, Paliurus hemsleyanus Rehd., Lonicera japonica Thunb., Agave ameri cana L. var. Marginata Hort. Agave americana., Agave schottu, Rhododendron p rzewalskii Maxim. ゝ Chrysosplenium grayanum Maxim. ゝ Macrothelypteris oligophlebia (Bak.) Ching, Macrothelypteris oligophlebia (Bak.) Ching var. Vulpes vulpes., Uraria lagopodioides (L.) Desv. ゝ Canis familiaris., Cibotium baromets (L.) J. Sm. ゝ Woodwardia japonica (L. f) Sm. ゝ Huolirion montana (Dammer) Wang et Tang, Stizolobium cochinchinensis (Lo ur.) Tang et Wang, Machilus bracteata Lecomte, Senecio integrifolius (L.) Clairvill v ar.fauriei (Levi, et Vant.) Kit am. Dicliptera chinensis (L.) Nees, Desmodium hetero carpum (L. ) DC. ゝ Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. ゝ Setaria glauca (L.) Beauv. ゝ Calystegia j aponica Choisy, Sericocalyx chinensis (Nees) Brem. ゝ Cynoglossum amabile Stapf et Drumm., Phyllanthus cochinchinensis Spr. Don., Craibiode ndron stellatum (Pier.) WW Smith, Vaccinium laetum Diels, Parnassia delavayi Fr anch., Crawfurdia fasciculate Wall., Crawiurdia chinensis Migo, Gymnocladus chinen sis Baill., Senecio oldhamianus Maxim. ゝ Lepus mandschuricus Ra dde, Lepus oiostolus Hodgson, Lepus sinensis Gray cus glabra Hemsl., Syneilesis aconitifolia Maxim. ゝ Tanacetum sib iricum., Pecteilis susannae (L.) Raf., Alcedo atthis bengalensis Gmelin, Chara frag ilis Desv, Derris trifoliata Lour., Ichthyoxenus tchangi Yu, Mentha rotundifolia (L.) Huds., Swertia davidi Franch., Dichrocephala benthamii CB Clarke, Dichrocephal a chrysanthemifolia (Bl.) DC., Houttuyitis corpid.

oides (Bak.) Ching, Cyrtomium fortunei J. Sm., Ajuga lupulina Maxim., Magnolia coc o (Lour.) DC., Lespedeza cuneata (Dum. Cours.) G. Don, Hypserpa nitida Miers, S elaginella includesns (Sw .) Springs Rhododendron molle (Bl.) G. Don, Rhododendron hunnewellianum, R. japonicum Suringer, Alstonia mairei Levl., Smiths onite, Fugu o cellatus (〇sbeck), Fugu vermicularis (Temminck & schlegel), Fugu obscurus (Abe) , Pseudogyrinocheilus procheilus (Sauvage et Dabry), Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees, Aleurites fordii Hemsl., Aleurites montana, Symplocos laurina (Retz.) Wall., Oxytr opis oxyphylla DC. ゝ Leycesteria taiwanyland. , Physochlaina physaloides (L.) G. Don, Catalpa fargesii Bur., Misgurnus anguillicaudat us (Cantor), Hemistepta carthamoides (Buch.-Ham.) 〇.Ktze., Misgurnus anguillica udatus (Cantor) Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam., Herpe caudigerum Wall., Lycopus lucidus Turcz., Lycopus lucidus Turcz. var. hirtus Reg., L. lucidus Turc z. var. taiwanensis Hayata, L. parviflorus Maxim. ゝ L. maackianus (Maxim.) Mak. ゝ L. coreanus Levl., L. europaeus., Alisma plantago — Aquatica L. var. Orientale Samuels, Euphorbia helioscopia, Lysidice rhodostegia Hance, Lysimacnia Candida Lindl., Ervatamia hainaensis Tsiang, Aster turbinatus S. Moore, Salvia cavaleriei Levi. Var. Ching, Lindernia anagallis (Burm. F.) Pennell, Trichosanthes himalensis CB Clarke Azurite, Altern anthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb., Maesa perlarius (Lour.) Merr., Spiraea salicif olia. Beauv.) Springs Sel aginella pulvinata (Hook, et Grev.) Maxim., Corallodiscus kinginus (Craib) BL Bur tt, Epilobium himalayense Hausskn., Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. ゝ Cymbidium vire scens Lindl., C. pumilum Rolfe , Hemiboea subcapitat c. B. Clarke, Dalbergia odorife ra T. Ghen, Acronychia pedunculata (L.) Miq. ゝ Pulicaria insignis Drumm. ゝ irsium li neare (Thunb.) Sch.-Bip.var.pallidum (Kitam.) Ling, Cirsium lineare Sch.-Bip. ^ Co reopsis lanceolata L. ゝ Asarum heterotropoides F. ¾chm.var. mandshuricum (Maxim.) Kitag., Asarum sieboldii Miq., Asarum forbesii Maxim., A. maximum Hemsl., A. ge ophilum Hemsl., A. caudigerum Hance, A. himalaicum Hook. f. et Thorns. ^ A. caules cens Maxim., A. longiflorum CY Cheng et CS Yang, A. insigne Diels, A. longip edunculatum OC Schmidt, A. sieboldii var. seoulensis Nakai, A. sieboldii var. cine oliferum, Asarum europaeum, Ceratophyllum demersum L., Allium schoenoprasum L., Euphorbia esula L. var cyparissoides Boiss., Eucalyptus tereticornis Smith, Murd annia simplex (Vahl) Brenan, Teucrium pernyi Franch., Justicia leptostachya Hemsl., Lespedeza chinensis G. Don, Hypecoum leptocarpum Hook.f. et Thorns. ^ Dryir (Sw.) And hing, Matteuccia struthi opteris (L.) Todaro, Osmunda japonica Thunb Blechnum orientale L., Brainia insig nis (Hook.) J. Sm., Woodwardia japonica (L. f.) Sm., Dryopteris peninsulae Kitag., Woodwardia unigemmata (Mak.) Nakai, Polystichum squarrosum Fee, Dryopteris filixm as (L.) Schott, Cyrtomium fortunei J. Smith, Hypericum perforatum L.

The Chinese herbal medicine preparations are not particularly limited, but include various Chinese herbal extract preparations that have been approved for use by the Ministry of Health and Welfare. For example, Tsumura hot water, Tsumura hot water Kagawa hot pepper, Otsuji hot water, Annakasan, Jumi-san poisoned water, Hachimi-jio-maru, Dai-saiko-yu, Sho-saiko-yu, Saiko-Kei-do, Saiko-Kei-do Inui-yu, Saiko-ka-ryu Oyster hot spring, Hankashinshin hot water, Huangren detoxification hot water, Semi-summer Koboku hot spring, Gojosan, Katsura Edoka hot spring, Koseiryu hot water, Kodani hot water, Shohan summer hot water, Shifufusan Kikai Yakusan, Kamisansan, Katsushido Karasuma, Katsueka Karyu Oyster Hot Spring, Maoyu, Koshigoka Hot Spring, Mumon Winter Hot Spring, Shin Takeyu, Kure Hot Spring, Ginseng Hot Spring, Daihuang Peony Hot Spring , Shiratora Ginseng Hot Spring, Shigyakusan, Kibo already hot water, Hanka Shirahama Tenma-yu, Toki Shikaka-Kure Gyoen Hot Spring, Sakai Katsura Hot Spring, Sakai Hot Spring, Hochuekki Hot Spring, Rikkunko Hot Spring , Keieda-yu, Nanamono-Syu-yu, Choto-san, Juzen-taiho-yu, Tsuren-en-yu, Jun-in-to, Yokuinin-to, Ryokyoku-ketsu-to, Yokukan-san, Myokan-kanshi-to, Gojo-san, Warm Kiyomizu, Kiyokami Fuyu-to, Shijia-wan, Katsueka Kayaku-to, Sukko Jiyu-to, Wind-proof Seisaku, Gosakusan, Tsukuyakuso, Kakisu-yu, Sanso-drink, Megami-san, Shakuyaku-kanzo-yu, Tsukudani, Kosou-san, Yotsumono-yu, Ganmu-Otsuto-yu, Shibutsu-tou, Satoshi Steam bath , Siryouko-yu, Ryu Gyoen-to, Toki Kiyo-to, Maki-kanto, Hei-ga-san, Saiko-sei-to, Ni-chen, Keishi-jinjin-yu, Yokukan-san-ka-en-summer, Daio-kanzo-to, Mystic-yu , Tokiko, Rokumi-maru, Niiyu-yu, Shiki-zutsu, Seiryo-yu, Hot-boiled-water, Shiyin-jiba-tou, Shiyin-fuyu-yu, Gotora-yu, Saiboku-yu, Daifuyu-yu, Hakuenken Nakayu, Kokenchuyu, Daikenchuyu, Saimayu, Tokiyu, Sakkijinyu, Karasyo Seungyu, Tsutsu-Dan, Unkeiyu, Ushizura Renkimaru, Ginseng Yoei-yu, Koshibahu Yuka Kikyo Gypsum, Ritsu-san, Seishin Renko Drinking, Sakai-yu Gomono Hot Spring, San-Hyoshinshin-yu, Saiba-yu, Gasto-yu, Sakai-drinking Semi-Summer Hot-pak苓 Sweet and sour taste hot summer hot water, yellow ream hot spring, Sanmono yellow hot water, draining sprinkled hot water, Tokugenchu hot water, Kawacha distillery, Keishi Karasuma Maruka, Asako Jinmaru, Mao yellow spicy hot water, Keisui-yu, Daisho-ki-yu, Katsue-ka-daiko-yu, Inchin-ko-yu, Kiyosuka-keki-yu, Kami-kisui-yu, Kikyo-to, Purple Ointment, herbal medicine koujin, herbal medicine bushi, and metallite, fastat cream, fastat solution, fastat ointment, thin phase, tokon syrup, flat stomach powder, warm drink, gorei powder, sycheum sung-lung, prevention已 黄耆 湯, Saikoka Ryu Bone Oyster Hot Spring, Mystic Hot Spring, Hofutsu Seisakuen, Huangren Hot Spring, Saiko Keisai, Karyo Hot Spring, Sakyoku Live Blood Hot Spring, Saiko Kei Hot Spring, Daisaiko Hot Spring, Makyo Amushi Hot Spring, Kakkon-yu, Saikosei-Kyoto, Choto-san, Ryokan-makan-yu, Kakone-yu, Kagawa-ryo-san, San-Hwa-shinshin-yu, Sakai-yu, Kibo-yu, Toki 4 Chen-skin semi-summer, Toki-yaku-yaku-san, Rikkunshi-yu, Katsue-ka-ryu-bon-o-yu, Tomi-Shoku-to, Hanka-kobaku-yu, Ryu-boku-to-yu, Hot-discontinued-pain-hot-water, Hot-jin-drink, Hou-ren-yu, Seikatsu Seishin, Yokukansanka-Cen-San-Sen-to, Junkoku-Hot-to, Ryu-boku-so-to, Taiyo-San-no-Yu, Yakuyaku-Hakugen-to, Demuscle-anagyo-to, Hot-discontinued-pain-tablet, Keieda-to , Xiaoyang tablets, surface moisture clear tablets , Hot Drink, Eijun Sung Tablets, Shosei Ryuyu, Sekisei Seiko Tablets, Huang Renyu, Gomi Risui Tablets, Hochu Reversion Tablets, Seonghu Hoth Tablets, Huanglian Detoxin, Ryushun Sung Tablets, Futami Shunki Tablets, Descending Water Tablets, Tianchi Tsutsugi Tablets, Semi-Back-Circulation Tablets, Shiso-Fujitsu Tablets, Unlocked Nagaku Tablets, Sourjinjinto, Nintoku-anjun Tablets, Taiyosyokanto, Kakkonyu Kagawa Shuri , Syaku Onsen, Yotsumonoyu, Mumon Fuyu, Meika Junshin Tablets, Shakuyaku Kanzo-yu, Riki Koshin Tablets, Hanka Kobaku-yu, Tsurenren-tou, Omo-ryo Toyo Tablets, Nakasho Kenwa Tablets, Hansatsukanshinto, Koumaru Maruka Daihuang, Houren Ganpo Poison Maru, Inui Ginseng Hanatsu Maru, Rakutsu Maru, Katsushida Karasuma, Katsushika Kao Huangmaru, Sanoh Maru, Daikanmaru, Peach , Asako Jinmaru, Rinaka Maru, Rokumi Maru, Hachimi Maru, Annakasan, Kamisansan, Shifufusan, Tsumugisan, Tokien Yakusan, Dyuyusan, Hirakusansan, Ninjin-yoei-to, Daikokanso Hot water, Kamikishou-yu, Toki Shukuyakusan, Hochuekki-to, Hachimi-jio-maru, Sho-saiko-to, Juzen-dai-ho-yu, Shiba-an , Saiko Katsuraedayu, five 苓散, keishibukuryogan, Keishi Kaokera winter, taking into account Tsubouchi distributed, kakkonto, such as Orengedokuto. Example

 [0042] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

 [0043] Preparation of the active ingredient of nankinose: Nanchinose was collected from the Heiwa Prefectural Hospital, China, at the request of the Heiwa Prefectural Hospital in China. The epidermis of fresh root bark was removed to obtain 15 grams of soft tissue and endothelium. These soft tissues and endothelium were immersed in 100 ml of distilled water and allowed to stand at low temperature (2-8 ° C) for 24 hours. The soaked solution was used as a nankinose extract.

 [0044] This extract was orally administered to patients. Three days later, the second dose was given, and three days later, the third dose was given. Three weeks later, changes in clinical symptoms before and after administration were compared and evaluated. Clinical symptom findings were classified into the following grades and evaluated numerically.

 [0045] 0: No symptoms. I: Mild (symptoms are not so strong). II: Moderate (subject to symptom but tolerable). III: Altitude (severe symptoms interfere with daily life).

 [0046] This experiment was conducted after explaining the program of this experiment, the benefits and risks of participating in this experiment, and obtaining consent.

 [Case 1] Subject C, male, 63 years old, abandoned treatment due to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (middle), terminal stage, disease progression, etc. Clinical findings included symptoms peculiar to cachexia such as weight loss (11), fatigue (111), anesthetized facial appearance (111), anorexia (111), and lower limb edema (I).

 [0048] Evaluation was performed 3 weeks after administration of peanut. Clinical findings included reduced fatigue (II), markedly improved mental status (11), appetite recovery (11), and reduced postprandial nausea (1). There was also a slight improvement in lower limb edema (I). Body weight increased from 57.5kg to 59.3kg (Figure D o

 [0049] Since the clinical index in this case was extremely improved, the effect of Nankinno and Ze in cachexia improvement treatment was recognized.

[0050] [Case 2] Subject L, male, 57 years old, gastric mucinous adenocarcinoma, terminal stage. Clinical findings include leanness (II), malaise (111), pale complexion (1), loss of appetite (111), lower limb edema (1), and extremely low daily behavior (II

Symptoms peculiar to cachexia such as I) were observed. Similar to Subject C, treatment was abandoned because there was no effective treatment.

[0051] Psychiatric condition markedly improved (I), appetite as clinical findings 3 weeks after administration of nankin goby Recovered (11), nausea after meals was reduced (1), and edema of the lower limbs (I) was also improved. Daily behaviors, especially walking, increased significantly (1), and I was able to deal with personal matters by myself. Weight

It increased from 51.5 kg to 52.5 kg (Figure 1).

[0052] Since the clinical index in this case was greatly improved, the effects of Nankinno and Ze in cachexia improvement treatment were recognized.

[0053] From the above results, it was revealed that Nankinose has a cachexia-improving therapeutic action.

. It was also found that Nankinose has reproducibility in improving cachexia.

 Industrial applicability

[0054] According to the present invention, preparations (pharmaceuticals, quasi-drugs) and foods using the anti-cachexia action possessed by plants of the genus Sapium, such as nankinose, and Z or extracts thereof can be produced.

Claims

The scope of the claims

 [1] A cachexia-improving preparation comprising plants of Euphobiaceae Sapium and Z or an extract thereof as active ingredients.

[2] A cachexia-improving food containing a plant of Euphobiaceae Sapium and Z or an extract thereof as active ingredients,

 The active ingredient is a weight percent of the plant with respect to the whole food, and the weight of the plant with a weight of b with respect to the whole food, where a and b satisfy a + b≥30 A cachexia-improving food characterized by being a number greater than or equal to 0).

[3] The cachexia-improving preparation according to claim 1, wherein nankinose is used as a plant belonging to the genus Sapium of the Euphorbiaceae family.

[4] The cachexia-improving food according to claim 2, wherein nankinose is used as a plant belonging to the genus Sapium of the Euphorbiaceae family.