WO2006118483A1 - Systeme de projection stereo - Google Patents
Systeme de projection stereo Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006118483A1 WO2006118483A1 PCT/RU2006/000203 RU2006000203W WO2006118483A1 WO 2006118483 A1 WO2006118483 A1 WO 2006118483A1 RU 2006000203 W RU2006000203 W RU 2006000203W WO 2006118483 A1 WO2006118483 A1 WO 2006118483A1
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- Prior art keywords
- stereo
- screen
- projection
- auto
- eyes
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G02B30/34—Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers
- G02B30/35—Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers using reflective optical elements in the optical path between the images and the observer
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- G02B7/182—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors
- G02B7/183—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors specially adapted for very large mirrors, e.g. for astronomy, or solar concentrators
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- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
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- G03B35/00—Stereoscopic photography
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Definitions
- the invention relates to stereo projection systems for displaying three-dimensional visual information by projection of stereopair images on mirror-spherical, elliptical or parabolic screens for individual and collective observation of the stereo effect without stereo glasses.
- the invention is intended for mass use in stereoscopic systems of cinema, television, computers, video training.
- the invention can be widely used for video communications, video simulators, electronic computer games and gaming machines, in medicine, science, technology, art for video advertising, in industry and other fields.
- the prototype of the invention is a stereo projection system on a mirror-spherical stereo screen, described in the invention "Stereoscopic system * of the author Arsenich SI. (RF patent Na 2221350, publ. 10 2004.).
- the stereoscopic projection system contains a mirror-spherical stereo screen, stereo projectors individual for each viewer (for projection of stereopair images) with auto-drives for shifting stereo lenses parallel to the stereo screen, a sensor (video camera) for independently determining the spatial coordinates of the eye position of each viewer relative to the common stereo screen and its stereo projector.
- the system has a self-corrector associated with the sensor and stereo drives auto-lenses.
- the sensor generates a control signal transmitted to the auto-corrector to work out the auto-drive control signal by the auto-corrector.
- Stereoscopic projectors auto-lenses automatically constantly dynamically shift and orient themselves in space parallel to the stereo screen for constant alignment of focal zones stereo vision of the left and right frames of stereopair screen images, respectively, with the left and right eyes of the audience.
- the prototype provides visual comfort for stereo observation (less eye strain and in the experiment the real stereo effect depth is up to 1 km or more when the viewer is 3 meters away from the stereo screen) by equalizing the accommodating efforts of the viewer and the state of eye convergence.
- Auto-correction of the displacement of stereo lenses provides a partial increase in physical comfort with the possibility of displacement and tilt of the head of the viewer in the space of the observation sector of stereo images (provided by the displacement of the projection lenses of stereo projectors).
- the disadvantage of the prototype is a small limited increase in stereoscopic comfort. This is due to constructive limitations of the displacement of stereo lenses only parallel to the stereo screen, and this allows the viewer’s head to be shifted by a small amplitude along the radius of the stereo screen by 100-200 mm (within the length of the focal zones of stereo surveillance providing full-screen stereo image observation).
- the field of view of the on-screen stereo image is limited by the small space of the focal zone of the stereo surveillance of a full-screen image, which limits the number and depth of stereo effect plans proportional to the angle of the field of view.
- the reason for the disadvantages of the prototype is the presence of only auto-corrector and auto-drives for auto-correction of the displacement of stereo projection lenses parallel to the stereo screen.
- the main objective of the invention is the creation of fully comfortable stereo projection systems for individual and collective stereo monitoring without traditional stereo glasses.
- the objective of the invention is the creation of a fully comfortable stereo-projection projection system with free accommodation of the eyes without an auxiliary optical stereo-vision system on stereo screens located close to the eyes and in projection mirror-spherical glasses (stereo screens).
- the full comfort of stereo observation is a complex of physical, physiological and visual comforts of the viewer without limiting the time of stereo observation with external practical parasitic illumination of the stereo screen. Physical comfort ensures the free movement of viewers in the spacious observation sector, the tilt and rotation of the body and head of the audience, the displacement of the eyes and pupils of the eyes (convergence - reducing the visual axes to the point of fixation of the gaze).
- Physiological comfort causes psychomotor reactions: sensations of the depth of space and the effect of presence - the viewer senses the movement and real depth of images of objects in space. This eliminates irritation and fatigue of the eyes and brain, causing headaches and mental disorders.
- Visual comfort - providing (with direct sunlight of the stereo screen) stereo monitoring of the screen stereo image of standard quality (with high brightness up to 3000 cd / sq. M, with high contrast of about 1000 units, with high resolution and clarity, without geometric distortion), with a feeling of great depth stereo effect, close to binocular observation of real objects.
- the stereo image should be widescreen with a field of view with a horizontal angle of 70 ° and a vertical angle of 50 °, which increases the depth of the stereo effect and weakens the effect of the pressing frame when cutting the image with the edge of the screen.
- the main technical result achieved during the implementation of the invention is to constructively provide the stereo projection system with optimally selective or integrated auto-correction of the stereo system and its elements and video correction of the projected frames of the stereo pair. This will ensure full-fledged stereo monitoring when using different designs and operating conditions of the claimed stereo-projection systems.
- Auto-correctors and video correctors provide auto-correction of the stereo image of optical elements of stereo projectors and video-correction of stereo images when changing: stereo image of the eyes, distance to the stereo screen, tilting and turning the head of the viewer, changing the angle of convergence of the eye or the point of fixation of the gaze.
- the specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the stereo projection system is designed for frameless (without traditional stereo glasses: eclipse, polarization, anaglyph, eyepieces) observation of stereo pair of horizontally stereo images on a stereo screen.
- a stereo projection system contains a mirror-focusing stereo screen, for example, a mirror-spherical, mirror-elliptical, mirror-parabolic or mirror-raster stereo screen.
- a mirror-focusing stereo screen for example, a mirror-spherical, mirror-elliptical, mirror-parabolic or mirror-raster stereo screen.
- stereo projectors In front of the stereo screen or on the stereo screen (with a reflective flat mirror in front of the stereo screen) there are one or many stereo projectors, one for each viewer.
- the set of essential features of the claimed system is that the system contains a tracking system for tracking the coordinates of the eyes of viewers, and / or pupils of the eyes and / or face elements of each viewer.
- a tracking system for tracking the coordinates of the eyes of viewers, and / or pupils of the eyes and / or face elements of each viewer.
- the tracking system has an electronic processor for processing (by video from video cameras) control signals of the correction of the optical stereo projection system.
- the tracking system indirectly determines the coordinates of the viewer's eyes when they are invisible by video cameras.
- the technical result is the provision of continuous monitoring of the coordinates of the eyes or pupils of the eyes for accurate auto-correction and video correction of the stereo system with open and closed eyes (when blinking or viewing in diopter and sunglasses).
- a stereo projector or stereo projectors are suspended on a common stereo screen or on a support in front of the stereo screen motionless (in mirror-spherical head displays) or stereo systems with close stereo screens from the viewers' eyes.
- stereo projectors are suspended movably on auto-drives with mechanical auto-correctors.
- Auto-correctors are associated with a tracking system and are designed for dynamic automatic displacement by auto-drives of these stereo projectors along any coordinate axes of three-dimensional space and / or rotation by auto-drives of these stereo projectors around these coordinate axes.
- auto-drives In stereo projectors there are auto-drives, with auto-correctors for shifting optical systems for increasing projection or projection lenses along any coordinate axes and / or their rotation around these coordinate axes.
- auto-drives of optical systems for increasing projection are designed for: autofocus and / or auto diaphragm and / or auto-correction of the width of the stereo base between the optical axes of the stereo projection, and / or the orientation of these axes to the center of the stereo screen, and / or information of these axes, taking into account the angle of convergence of the eyes and the points of fixation of the viewer's gaze.
- the technical result is the provision of auto-correction of optical systems for increasing stereo projection, including projection lenses of stereo lenses, which provides dynamic optimal alignment of optical systems when the viewer is offset from the stereo screen.
- the stereo projectors have movable arrays or movable projection blocks for forming and optimal orientation of the projected frames of the stereo pair relative to the projection lenses. These blocks or matrices have auto-drives with auto-correctors for shifting these matrices vertically and horizontally, and / or rotating these matrices around the vertical axis or displacing projection blocks (with reflective screens inside the stereo projector) around their vertical axis, and / or autofocusing these projection blocks inside a stereo projector.
- the stereo projection system comprises an electron-optical video corrector for correcting the stereo base, scale, and geometric parameters of the projected frames of stereo pairs in the stereo projector. The video corrector is connected with an auto-corrector and / or a unit for generating projected frames of a stereo pair in a stereo projector, and / or with a tracking system.
- the technical result is the possibility of automatic horizontal mechanical correction (auto-corrector) or electronic correction (video corrector) of the displacement in the stereo projector of the centers of the stereo pair to optimize the stereo base of the projected stereo pair, as well as the elimination of vertical parallaxes and geometric (spherical, scale and perspective distortions) visible on the stereo screen when observing projections at different viewing angles on the stereo screen.
- auto-corrector automatic horizontal mechanical correction
- video corrector electronic correction
- the stereo screen is made whole and or prefabricated from sections.
- This screen or its sections are fixed motionless (with a close proximity of the stereo screen from the eyes of the audience).
- the large stereo screen or its sections (at large distances from them to the audience) are mounted movably on their auto-drives connected to the auto-corrector to move this screen or its sections by these auto-drives along any coordinate axes and / or to rotate around the coordinate axes.
- an auto-collimator is installed in front of the stereo screen (for optical scanning of the control elements of the screen or its sections).
- the autocollimator is designed to determine the actual location of the centers of the sphere of the mirror of the screen and refine the control signal issued to the autocorrector. Auto-drives the screen provides automatic dynamic or static reduction of the center of the mirror spheres of this screen to the programmed center of the screen, or the reduction of all the centers of the mirror spheres of the sections into a single programmed center.
- EFFECT automatic adjustment of a stereo screen during its installation or operation.
- the non-sphericity of the stereo screen is compensated, or the displacement of the center of the sphere of the stereo screen when it is deformed or when the centers of the screen sphere or mirror spheres of the screen parts are aligned.
- Auto-correctors and video correctors contain a software processor for processing control signals issued to the video corrector and auto-drives of the stereo projection system with the possibility of selective or complex dynamic auto-correction and video correction of the elements of the optical stereo projection system, taking into account the complete comfort of stereo monitoring.
- the overall technical result is the possibility of dynamic continuous adjustment and auto-alignment of the stereo projection system as a whole and its optical elements for continuous alignment with the eyes of viewers of their individual focal zones of stereo vision.
- the formation of geometrically correct projection parameters is provided for constant and accurate matching of the angles of convergence and accommodation of the eyes. This provides freedom of movement for spectators over a large sector of stereo observation, tilting and turning the head, changing the stereo image of the eyes and fixation points, changing viewing angles of stereo images.
- Individual programmed autofocus of each projection lens provides clear stereo monitoring for viewers with visual defects and without diopter glasses.
- An alternative choice of essential features ensures optimal operation of various stereo systems in various private conditions of use, providing optimal stereo comfort, for example:
- a stereo projection system with auto-corrector and auto-drives for shifting stereo projectors is optimal only when using a stereo screen with a small field of view of up to about 15 ° and when the viewer is located close to the center of the sphere of the stereo screen. Due to the small angle of the field of view, video correction is not required, but the stereo effect is reduced and the effect of the pressing frame is noticeable. This reduces visual comfort (stereo effect depth), and stereo observation time is limited to three hours due to tired eyes of the viewer (due to visible spherical distortions).
- an auto-corrector with auto-drives of a stereo projector is not needed.
- stereo screens For collective observation on large mirror-spherical stereo screens for 50 ⁇ 1000 or more viewers) on stereo screens assembled from mirror-spherical sections.
- the sections of the stereo screen should be reduced to the common center of the sphere of the entire stereo screen using an auto-collimator for optical scanning and controlling the sphericity of the stereo screen, and auto-sections connected to the auto-collimator or an entire stereo screen for automatically correcting the sphericity and orientation of these sections or the whole stereo screen.
- stereoprojection for many viewers in the audience seats with head restraints for lateral displacement of the head (or eyes) within the width of the stereo base of the eyes (horizontal 65-75 mm) and equal to the height of the projection lenses of the stereo projector (65 mm) and from the back of the chair at a distance of 60 ⁇ 100 mm, and also taking into account the possibility of tilting the head and stereo viewing on a widescreen screen, video correction of stereo frames is required, individual for each viewer. Auto-correction of a stereo projector and stereo lenses is not necessary, since the combination of stereo projection on the screen can be provided by video offset, tilt or rotation of stereo frames relative to the optical axes of the projection lenses of stereo projectors.
- Video correction provides dynamic synchronous (motion and tilting the head of the viewer) correction of the projection information to the center of the stereo screen, video correction of the geometric, perspective and scale of the stereo frames (associated with the curvature of the projection stereo lenses and the stereo screen sphere) for increased visual comfort of observing screen stereo projections taking into account convergence of eyes and gaze points. This provides hours of viewing without visual fatigue, but limits comfort due to the permissible small displacement of the viewer's head in the chair.
- the systems are optimal for mirror-spherical stereo glasses and movable and wearable stereo displays.
- a full-comfort system with a large-format and large stereo screen for viewing by a large number of viewers and for unlimited time viewing of stereo projects requires a complex: tracking systems for the eyes and face of the audience, control and auto-correction of information from the centers of section spheres or the whole stereo screen, systems of auto-correction of coordinates and rotation of stereo projectors , autofocus and autocorrection systems for projection lenses of stereo lenses for autocorrection of their stereo base and information of optical axes (con ergentsii) of these lenses, opto-mechanical correction and video correction systems forming systems stereoframes in stereoprojectors, auto-correction system position programmed sphere center stereoscreen or information into a single programmed center of all the centers of spheres stereoscreen sectors.
- Such systems are optimal for home stereo cinemas and large stereo cinema halls, conference rooms, classrooms.
- This set of systems provides all the necessary corrections of the optical system and the system for generating projections of stereo frames for: complete comfort of stereo viewing without limiting the duration of time, free movement of viewers in front of the screen, viewing at large angles to the main optical axis of the stereo screen and with a large field of view (more than 60 O) , viewing with diopter or sunglasses glasses and without glasses, viewing when shifting or disorienting the centers of the spheres of the sections of a large prefabricated stereo screen or the whole screen.
- this reflective screen is made with a raster of spherical micromirrors, for separate orientation of the projection flows left and right frames of the stereo pair into the entrance pupils of the corresponding projection lens of the stereo lens.
- the reflective screen is located in front of the projection lenses of the stereo lens in the plane of the space of objects sharply depicted on the stereo screen.
- the reflective screen inside the stereo projector is made with a raster of microspherical mirrors.
- the sphericity and orientation of these micromirrors is made to concentrate and direct the projection stream of the left and right frames of the stereo pair into the entrance pupil of the corresponding projection lens of the stereo lens.
- a certain frame is reflected by this screen only into its projection lens of the stereo lens.
- the lens raster is located in front of the projection lenses of the stereo lens in the plane of the space of objects sharply depicted on the stereo screen
- An alternative to p. 3 of the formula is another unit for forming stereo frames in a stereo projector with a wide-format LED, or OLED matrix, or an illuminated LCD matrix.
- a lens raster of positive lenses is mounted on the surface of such matrices from the projection lenses side.
- the matrix is made with alternating horizontally vertical lines to form the left and right frames of the stereo pair.
- Each raster lens is made and located relative to the pixels with the possibility of separate direction of the projection flows of horizontally adjacent pixels of the left and right frames of the stereo pair into the entrance pupils of the corresponding projection lenses of the stereo lens.
- the lens raster is located in front of the projection lenses of the stereo lens in the plane of the space of objects sharply depicted on the stereo screen.
- the stereo frame forming unit in the stereo projector is made of a DLP matrix.
- This matrix is installed in the plane of the formation of stereo frames.
- two horizontal RGB LED illuminators are installed in two calculation zones horizontally, with R-red, B-blue and G-green LEDs. These illuminators illuminate alternately from different directions the DLP matrix with alternating frequency changes in the color of red, blue and green light (the illumination frequency forms the color and brightness halftones of the stereo images).
- this common matrix provides reflection of projection rays from micromirrors into a specific projection lens of a stereo lens.
- This micromirror matrix oriented to working deviations in the “on / off” position in the vertical plane.
- the plane of the micromirror matrix is located in front of the projection lenses of the stereo lens in the plane of the space of objects sharply depicted on the stereo screen.
- the same technical result for the options in paragraphs 3, 4 and 5 is to provide a wide-angle projection of the stereo pair frames.
- the stereo pair frames are partially aligned in the total formation area of the projected stereo pair, which simplifies the design, weight and dimensions of the stereo projector and reduces the visibility of the pixel structure on the stereo screen.
- the video corrector provides video correction of the stereo base of the projected stereo pair (the shift of the centers of the frames of this stereo pair along the line between the centers of the frames) with zero vertical parallax.
- the displacements of the stereo pair formed for the projection of frames along the optical axes along the lines perpendicular to these axes and the rotation of the plane (around the normal to the area of the stereo lens of the projection lenses passing through the optical axes) of these reflective screens of the projection units or these stereo lens arrays are provided by auto-correction by auto-drives in the stereo projector, taking into account the position of the viewers relative to stereo screen and convergence angles of the eyes.
- the stereo projector is made with the technical ability to smoothly reduce resolution along the contour of the generated frames of stereo pairs.
- This video effect is provided by a video controller in which a video correction program for reducing the contour resolution is formed.
- a photomask is installed in the stereo projector, blurring the image along the contour of the stereo screen.
- the matrix forming the projected stereo frames is previously structurally made with a smooth decrease in pixel density or software video resolution to the frame edge along the frame contour.
- the technical result of this option is to significantly reduce the effect of the squeezing frame (visual sensation of the displacement of the observed stereo image to the plane of the stereo screen, cut off by the contour of the stereo screen). This greatly enhances the stereo effect.
- the mirror-spherical stereo screen is suspended horizontally or with an inclination from the ceiling.
- a flat screen In front of the viewer with a tilt is a flat screen with a translucent mirror.
- the stereo projector is located on the back (away from the viewer) behind the flat screen.
- the stereo projector is oriented to a flat screen for projection onto the lumen (through this flat screen to a mirror-spherical stereo screen).
- a flat screen is inclined at an angle to the main optical axis of the stereo screen, and is oriented relative to the viewer's eyes so that the projection (focused by a spherical stereo screen) is reflected from this flat screen into the viewer's eyes.
- the technical result of this option is the maximum visual comfort of stereo monitoring as close as possible to the stereo center projection angle (with a minimum angle of orientation of the visual axes to the main optical axis of the stereo screen), which significantly reduces the geometric distortion of the stereo projection and significantly reduces the number of necessary auto-drives, auto-correction and / or video correction programs.
- This is ensured by the optimal combination of camera angles (points in space) of the central points of video recording, projection angles and stereo-observation angles.
- This design significantly reduces the projection space in the horizontal plane to the size of the distance between the viewer and the flat mirror screen, which is convenient for others (other people) and comfortable for the viewer.
- the tracking system is made with the possibility of preliminary measurement of the coordinates of open eyes, pupils, contours of the face, nose, eyebrows and mouth with subsequent recording of these parameters in the memory of the auto-corrector and / or video corrector.
- the auto-corrector and / or video corrector is programmed to be able to generate a control signal for auto-correction and video correction with the eyes of the viewer closed.
- the auto-corrector and / or video corrector are made with an auto-correction program for the coordinates of the face, eyebrows, nose or mouth fixed in electronic memory for subsequent auto-correction and / or video correction.
- the technical result is the reliability of auto-correction of stereo projection when the eyes blink, when the video camera (in the tracking system) has poor visibility of the pupils of the eyes and when the eyes are closed with glasses.
- EFFECT optimal autofocus of stereo lenses for a clear comfortable observation of stereo programs by nearsighted or farsighted viewers without diopter glasses.
- a hole raster optical filter is installed from the exit pupils of the projection lenses of the stereo lens (on the output lenses) of the stereo projector.
- the filter is made with black anti-reflective coating on both sides of the filter.
- the filter holes are made with a round square or slotted shape and serve to pass part of the projection rays through these holes.
- the thickness of the filter in the holes, the number and diameter of these holes, the raster step between adjacent holes, and also the distance of the filter from the stereo screen are selected taking into account the invisibility of the filter against the stereo image, the significant absorption of projection and spurious rays and the effective transmission of projection rays to the stereo screen.
- the filter parameters are calculated to obtain the optimal visual brightness of the stereo projection, taking into account the increase in visual sensation, increase the contrast and clarity of the stereo image, increase the range of the visible depth of the stereo effect plans. This should be provided.
- the technical effect is a visual increase in visual acuity, contrast and clarity of the stereo image, increasing the range of the visible depth of the stereo effect plans (at the optimal brightness of the stereo projection). This is ensured by effective absorption of light (black anti-reflective coating of the hole filter): parts of the projection rays, external spurious light incident on the stereo screen and the outer lenses of the projection lenses (causing glare on the lenses and on the screen).
- stereo projection system the tracking system for the coordinates of the eyes is made with the ability to accurately measure the coordinates of the centers of the pupils of the eyes.
- stereo projectors or stereo projectors have optical systems for increasing projection on a stereo screen, forming stereo projections (reflected and focused by the stereo screen) with focal areas of stereo vision focused on the pupils of the eyes.
- the area of the aperture of the projection rays on the pupil of the eye is formed by this optical system significantly less than the diameter of the pupil itself.
- the optical system for increasing the projection is made in the form of a translucent liquid crystal translucent matrix knitted with a video corrector for electron-optical formation and displacement of two transparent point-like video diaphragms (transparent optical holes). Through these video apertures, projection beams pass from the stereo projector to the stereo screen (with the exit from the spot focus in the optical system of the stereo projector).
- the optical projection magnification system is made with a liquid crystal transreflex matrix or with a micromirror DLP matrix for the electron-optical formation and displacement of two point micromirrors.
- the projection beams of the stereo projector are reflected on the stereo screen, and the stereo screen focuses these projections of the left and right frames of the stereo pair into turned focal zones (stereo images of the projections of the left and right frames of the stereo pair) onto the pupils of the left and right eyes, respectively.
- the aperture area of the projection focusing point in the pupil selects a substantially smaller area of this pupil of the eye, taking into account the optimization of visual acuity and the comfort of stereo vision.
- the technical result is the exclusion of eyepieces for viewing stereoprojection at a distance of the eyes from the stereo screen closer than 250 mm, since the eye sees through the lens’s lens microdifragment, which sharply increases visual acuity and provides free focusing of the eye for sharp observation of stereo frames independent of the distance from the eye to the screen.
- This provides unlimited time for viewing stereo programs in mirror-spherical stereo glasses and on stereo screens located at a distance of 20 ⁇ 1000 mm from the eyes, which allows the use of stereo systems with a large field of view with minimal dimensions and weight of the stereo screen and the whole system.
- Increasing the visual comfort of stereo monitoring is provided by increasing the visual clarity and contrast of the observed stereo image, by increasing visual acuity.
- a stereo system with a flat stereo screen, together with a stereo projector mounted close to the end of this screen, is significantly smaller in mass and dimensions than with spherical screens.
- Another difference (according to paragraph 12 of the formula) is that the stereo screen is made with auto-drives movable (along all coordinate axes) and rotary relative to these coordinate axes.
- the stereo screen is made in the form of a desktop monitor or laptop screen.
- the stereo projector with auto-drive is made movable with movable projection lenses.
- the stereo projector is mounted in front of the stereo screen on a support or suspended on the chest of the viewer.
- On the stereo screen is a tracking system for the pupils of the viewer's eyes.
- An auto-collimator is located on the stereo projector to control the coordinates of the center of curvature of the stereo screen sphere.
- the auto-corrector is associated with a tracking system for the eyes or pupils of the viewer, a video corrector and auto-drives of the stereo screen and stereo projector.
- the video corrector is connected to the stereo pair framing unit. All elements of the system are formed with the ability to provide software dynamic constant auto-correction and / or video correction of the stereo projection system when changing the relative position of the stereo projector, stereo screen.
- Auto-correction and video correction are synchronized with the movement of the viewer and his eyes and / or the movement of the pupils of this viewer for correction when the point of view is shifted and the angle of convergence changes.
- the stereo screen can be spherical or flat with a micromirror raster focusing the projections of stereo frames into point focal zones into the pupils of the eyes like a mirror-spherical screen.
- EFFECT focused point projection provides fully comfortable stereo monitoring on a stereo screen, close to the eyes of viewers with myopia or farsightedness, without diopter glasses.
- An additional result is the maximum simplicity of the design, providing a smaller mass and dimensions of the stereo projection system (in desktop or wearable version).
- the stereo projection system is made by the wearable viewer (on the head), similar to a helmet-mounted display or ordinary glasses.
- the system contains a stereo projector with automatic drives, a stereo screen with a tracking system for pupils of the eyes, auto-corrector and video corrector.
- the stereo screen is made in the form of spherical or parabolic mirror glasses with the center of curvature of the sphere or parabola of the stereo screen located close to the viewer's eyes.
- the stereo projector is designed for projection point - focused on the pupils of the eyes.
- the auto-corrector is connected with a video corrector, a tracking system for the pupils of the eyes and with auto-drives a stereo projector.
- Two miniature projectors are mounted above the viewer's eyes so that the projection of the left frame of the stereo pair focused by the mirror sphere of the stereo screen (mirror glasses) into the pupil of the left eye, and the right frame into the pupil of the right eye.
- the conjugation of all optical parts of the system is made with the possibility of auto-correction or video correction of stereo projectors when changing the coordinates and orientation of the stereo screen, the coordinates of the pupils of the viewer (when converging the eyes or when changing the stereo base of the eyes and the distance of the pupils to the stereo screen). It is possible that the auto-corrector may be excluded during preliminary manual precise adjustment of the stereo screen to the distance of the stereo screen to the eyes, and the stereo base of stereo projectors under the stereo base of these eyes.
- EFFECT provision of maximum visual comfort of stereo monitoring with maximum horizontal and vertical angles of field of view with the simplest, lightest and most mobile design of a stereo projection system.
- Focused stereo projection provides free eye focusing with maximum matching with convergence of the eyes by changing the points of fixation of the gaze, which ensures full-fledged stereo viewing of stereo images without diopter glasses, without glare and without optical eyepieces (in stereoscopes and helmet-mounted stereo displays).
- An additional result is the maximum simplicity of the design of the stereo projection system, the minimum weight and dimensions.
- the stereo screen is suspended in space on the automatic drives movably to automatically correct the displacement of this stereo screen on any coordinate axis and / or the rotation of this stereo screen around these axes.
- On the stereo screen is a tracking system for tracking the coordinates of the eyes, pupils of the eyes and / or elements of the face of the viewer.
- the tracking system is connected to the auto-corrector and video corrector installed on the screen, auto-drives of the stereo screen and stereo projector.
- a video corrector is connected to a stereo pair framing unit with the possibility of providing software dynamic software automatic correction and / or video correction of a stereo projection system.
- Software auto-correction is dynamic and synchronized with video-controlled (tracking system) movement, and / or with rotation and / or tilt of the viewer.
- video-controlled (tracking system) movement and / or with rotation and / or tilt of the viewer.
- the optimal location of the stereo screen, its orientation on the viewer's face and the distance to the eyes of this viewer, convergence of the eyes and / or change of the points of fixation of the eye are taken into account in software.
- the stereo screen is made flat with a micromirror raster focusing stereo projections into point focal zones in the pupils of the eyes.
- the projectors of the left and right frames of a stereo pair are located closer to the end of the stereo screen.
- the stereo screen is made of two moving parts with auto-drives and auto-correctors and video correctors. One of the parts of the screen is horizontally movable relative to the other part of this screen. On each part of the screen (for observing the left frame), the projector of the left frame of the stereo pair is rigidly fixed and focused, and on the part of the screen (observation of the right frame) the projector of the right frame of the stereo pair is rigidly focused.
- the stereo screen and its parts are located on auto-drives connected with auto-correctors for shifting this stereo screen along the coordinate axes and rotating this stereo screen around these coordinate axes.
- the movable part of the stereo screen is made on an automatic drive with auto-corrector for horizontal displacement of this part of the screen relative to another part with the possibility of dynamically combining the focal zones of the left and right frames of the stereo pair with the pupils of the corresponding eyes for different stereo images of the eyes, moving and tilting the head of the viewer and converging eyes.
- EFFECT dynamic combination of focal zones of stereo vision with centers of eye pupils in systems with a flat stereo screen with a micromirror raster. Creation of compact, mobile and mobile stereo projection systems, laptops with a stereo screen with a close proximity of the stereo screen from the viewer's eyes.
- stereo projection systems are optimal with preliminary software testing of the stereo projection system itself, the face and eyes of viewers.
- a stereoscopic test video is automatically shown for each viewer.
- the viewer is presented with small stereoscopic test stereo images on a black background at different points of observation on a stereo screen with different parallaxes (negative, zero and positive).
- the eye tracking system (without glasses) and the face of each viewer accurately records the coordinates of the eyes of the audience relative to the face and stereo screen.
- This information is recorded in the processor memory individually for each viewer for individual auto-correction of stereo projectors and video correction of stereo frames.
- the viewer himself must enter additional information about the parameters of his eyes (the difference in the magnification of the eyes, diopter glasses, stereo base of their eyes). After that, a test stereo program is demonstrated to visually verify the correctness of the software operation of all elements and stereo projection systems. Then you can demonstrate stereoscopic programs.
- the figure 1 shows a front view of a functional diagram of a stereo projection system for a movie theater with auto-correction of optical elements of the system.
- the figure 2 presents the design of the stereo projection system with ceiling mount stereo screen in an inclined position.
- the figure 3 shows the design of a stereo projection system with ceiling mount stereo screen in a horizontal position.
- the figure 4 presents a view in plan of the optical scheme of dynamic auto-correction for the orientation of the optical elements of the system.
- the figure 5 presents a block diagram of a stereo projection system with auto-correction of the optical elements of the system.
- Figure 6 shows the design of a stereo projector with two internal projectors and a directional-reflective screen.
- the figure 7 shows the design of a stereo projector with a matrix display and with a lens raster.
- the figure 8 shows the design of a stereo projector with a DLP (micromirror) matrix with two projection-oriented illuminators.
- the figure 9 presents a block diagram of a stereo projection system with a stereo projector collimated rays.
- Figure 10 shows the design of a stereo projection system with a desktop stereo projector and a mirror-spherical monitor.
- Figure 11 shows the design of a stereo projection system with a mirror-spherical stereo screen of a laptop.
- Figures 12 and 13 show a design worn on the head of a stereo projection system with a mirror-spherical stereo screen in the form of glasses.
- Figure 14 shows the design of a stereo projection system with a movable flat mirror-raster stereo screen.
- the figure 15 presents the design of a suspended stereo projection system with a movable mirror-spherical stereo screen.
- the stereo projection system is designed for cinemas, theaters, video theaters, concert, studio and sports halls, conference rooms, Internet cafes and other video rooms with a large number of viewers (for 50 ⁇ -500 people).
- Moving stereo projectors b (one for each viewer) with movable projection lenses 7, projection blocks 8 for forming projected frames of a stereo pair and auto-drives 9 for auto-correction of optical elements in stereo projectors are mounted above the viewers in front of the stereo screen.
- the system is made with auto-correctors 10 connected to the tracking system 3, with auto-drives 2 and 9 with video correctors 77 and auto-collimator 5.
- Og is the center of the stereo base of the eyes of the audience.
- Spectators, stereo projectors and their elements, as well as a stereo screen or its mirror-spherical sections are movable in the direction of the coordinate axes X, y, Z and can be rotated by auto-drives around these axes at angles (Xx 1 ⁇ y ⁇ ⁇ z .
- LO angles are the angles of incidence of projection rays d 7, eZ, emitted by the stereo projector onto the stereo screen and rays E2, e4 - reflected by the stereo screen into the eyes of the audience.
- Arrows 6l show the rays of the image of the audience, shot left camcorder 4l tracking system 3, and BPR - rays of images taken
- the arrow 3 shows the scanning
- Arrow K shows control signals from the auto-corrector.
- the figure 2 shows a stereo projection system with a suspension of the stereo screen 1 to the ceiling.
- a flat translucent mirror 12 (serving as a stereo monitor) is mounted on the rack with an inclination to the optical axis of the projection;
- the figure 3 stereo screen 7 with a flat mirror 12 (stereo monitor), and to
- the mirror 12 is suspended auxiliary flat mirror 13. To the stereo screen 1
- a stereo projector b and a tracking system 3 are suspended.
- a work table (or couch for the patient in the hospital) is installed under the projection system. There is free work space between this table and the stereo projection system.
- the screen 12 is located at an angle of 45 ° to the main projection axis of the stereo projector 6, and the screen 13 at an angle of 45 ° to the main optical axis of the projection and at an angle of 90 ° to the screen 12.
- Screen 13 is designed for vertical deflection of the projection in order to free up working space above the desktop (for various work on this table).
- most of the projection space is located in the vertical direction or with an inclination of up to 45 ° to the vertical. This frees up the space behind the flat screen 72 to create free space or install more projection systems in the room.
- the figure 4 shows the location of Pr - the right eye of the viewer and L - his left
- Oa is the center of the stereo base of these eyes.
- Oc center of rotation by auto-corrector
- a X is the direction of the horizontal displacement
- a y is the vertical displacement of the stereo pair frames in the stereo projector with an auto-corrector or video corrector.
- 7l - a projection lens of a stereo lens for projection of the left
- 7pr is a projection lens for projecting the right frame of this
- E 1 - the main (central optical axis) stereo projection.
- El is the optical axis of the projection of the projection lens 7l, and El is the optical axis
- the figure 5 shows the auto-correctors: 9a - for offset correction
- the video corrector 1 1 provides electron - optical video correction of the scale and geometric distortion of the projected frames of the stereo pair (formed by the matrices 8.
- the autocollimator 5 provides automatic drives 2 and a signal K
- the figure b presents a variant of the design of block 8 for the formation of stereo frames.
- the block contains a reflective screen 14, projection optical units 15 l for projection onto the screen 14 of the left frame of the stereo pair and 15pr for projection on the same screen of the right frame.
- Blocks have auto-drives 9e - for shifting the blocks 75 themselves perpendicular to the screen 14.
- Blocks 75l, 75lp contain optical blocks with 16 (RGB) l and 16 (RGB) r liquid-crystal RGB matrices, with a specific matrix illuminated with its own LED from a certain angle and corresponding color: R-red, G-green or B - blue).
- Block 76l is designed to form the left projected frame of a stereo pair, and block 16pr for the right frame.
- the arrays 16 In front of the arrays 16 are projection lenses 77l, 77pr with 9d auto-drives for autofocusing of these lenses.
- the AJ view shows a reflective screen 14 made with a raster 78 of spherical micromirrors for separate orientation of the projection rays of the left side of the stereo pair projected by the 75l unit into the 7l projection lens (stereo lens), and the orientation of the rays projected by the 75pr unit into the 7pr lens.
- Figure 7 shows another variant of block 8 for forming a stereo pair
- the block contains a liquid crystal or OLED matrix 19 with a lens raster 20 from spherical microlenses 27.
- the matrix forms stereo pair images in the form of RGB vertical horizontal stripes (RG ⁇ quest stripes for the left frame and RG ⁇ counter - bands for the right frames of the stereo pair). Color subpixels in each strip alternate vertically.
- Each pair of adjacent bands RG ⁇ quest and RG ⁇ private - is projected by a vertical row of lenses of this lens raster, so that the RGVl pixel images of the strip are projected into the 7L projection lens, the RGBpr strip into the 7th lens.
- 21 or 21l hole or mesh black filters are installed for anti-glare protection of the projection lenses from the external flare and increase visual acuity and depth of stereo surveillance.
- the figure 8 shows a third variant of the projection unit 8 for forming a stereo pair.
- This block contains a DLP matrix 22, with micromirrors 23 (for the formation of color grayscale pixels according to the well-known DLP digital processing technology and color formation). Micromirrors 23 are located taking into account their working deviations in the vertical plane of the perpendicular matrix.
- Black absorbers 25 are installed above the projection lenses 7pr and 7l (to absorb projection beams deflected by the micromirrors of the matrix).
- All three variants of projection blocks in figures 6, 7 and 8 provide the formation of wide-format frames of the projected stereo pair in the common plane of their formation in the stereo projector. This provides a wide-angle projection with increased stereo effect and minimal dimensions of the stereo projector.
- the figure 9 shows a sterilizer 25l with an optical zoom system
- the projection is emitted from the turned focus from the point aperture of the micro-aperture or micromirror, with a direction to stereo screen 7, by which the projection focuses into two micro-focal focal areas of stereo vision (one focal area of the left frame is focused by the stereo screen on the pupil of the left eye, the other is frame focuses on the pupil of the right eye).
- These optical systems are 26l and
- the optical system is made in the form of a transreflex display 266 with a mirror substrate under a liquid crystal matrix in the form of a mirror reflective display, from the mirror pixel of which all the projection beams from the stereo projector are directed to the stereo screen.
- the illuminated display contains a video corrector unit
- the mirror display comprises a video corrector block 1 1a for shaping and offset (by a video signal) in the display plane of the mirror pixel — micromirrors.
- these pixels are formed with an area size substantially smaller than the pupil area of the eye.
- optical video correction video corrector 1 1 coordinate offset
- microdriaphragms or micromirrors 27l and 27 pr are programmatically synchronized with the coordinates and the movement of the pupils of the viewer's eyes.
- Displays 26a or 26b are made with black anti-reflective coating.
- the figure 10 shows a desktop version of the stereo projection system
- Stereo projector b (stereo monitor) with a mirror-spherical stereo screen 1.
- Stereo projector b (stereo monitor) with a mirror-spherical stereo screen 1.
- Auto-corrector 10 provides auto-correction of the displacement and rotation of the stereo projector and its projection lenses
- video corrector 1 1 provides video correction of stereo frames to the parameters of the viewer's eyes and optical parameters of the stereo system.
- the figure 11 shows a portable laptop with a mirror-spherical stereo screen 1 and stereo projector b, located in front of the stereo screen on the chest of the viewer for mobile stereo viewing conditions.
- the figure 12, 13 shows a stereo projector worn on the head of the viewer with a mirror-spherical stereo screen in the form of mirror glasses.
- the system is mounted on the head with an elastic rim or tape 27.
- On the frontal part in front of the stereo screen are fixed two 6l microprojectors (a projector for forming a left frame) and a bpr - a projector for forming a right frame.
- the projectors contain projection microblocks 8 and are movably mounted on the automatic drives 9.
- projection magnifications 25l and 25pr are intended for the formation of point focal zones of stereo observation of the left and right frames of a stereo pair (focused by a stereo screen 1 into the pupils of the corresponding eyes of the viewer).
- projection magnifications 25l and 25pr are intended for the formation of point focal zones of stereo observation of the left and right frames of a stereo pair (focused by a stereo screen 1 into the pupils of the corresponding eyes of the viewer).
- the stereo screen is made of two moving parts with a micromirror raster.
- the first part of the 1l stereo screen contains a raster of flat micromirrors oriented with an inclination providing accurate focusing of all projection rays from the 25l projector to the left pupil of the eye.
- 1pp stereo screen contains a raster of flat micromirrors oriented with an inclination that provides accurate focusing of all projection rays from the 25pr projector to the right pupil of the same eye.
- Projector 25l (forms the projection of the left frame
- Projector 25pp (forms a projection of the right
- stereo screen (together of two parts of the stereo screen 1l and 1pr) along all coordinate axes
- the figure 15 presents the design of the stereo projection system, mounted movably on the drive 2.
- the auto-drive suspends the system movably to the ceiling with the ability to move this system along all coordinate axes X, y, Z with auto-drive 2 of the stereo screen 1 at the corners OC Xt Py 1 y z around these coordinate axes).
- the system provides synchronous optimal positioning of the stereo screen relative to the face of the viewer, which can move within large limits of the space under the ceiling (in the sector of movement of the stereo projection system by auto-drive 2 associated with auto-corrector 9).
- Stereoprojection system operates as follows.
- Video cameras 4l and 4pr of the tracking system 3 by light rays 6l, bpr continuously track the coordinates of the eyes and pupils of all viewers (the contour of the eyes and pupils, eyebrows of the nose, face, mouth).
- the tracking system programmatically processes this information and recognizes the exact coordinates of the eyes and pupils of the eyes, generates control signals ⁇ for the auto-correctors and transmits these signals to the auto-corrector 10.
- the auto-collimator 6 scans the control points of the mirror of stereo-screen 1 with a light beam 3 and measures deviations (from the program auto-correction coordinate point) points of the center of the sphere Me of the mirror of the stereo screen 7 or of the centers of curvature of the mirror sections of the precast stereo screen.
- the autocollimator 5 generates control signals d for deviating the centers of the sphere of the stereo screen, sent to the auto-corrector 10.
- the auto-corrector 10 receives signals from the tracking system 3,
- Electron-optical video correction corrects: frame center shifts to optimal stereo bases for matching horizontal parallaxes with a stereo base and converging eyes with changing gaze fixation points, eliminating vertical parallaxes, correcting geometric distortions and projected frames of stereo pairs to compensate for the curvature of the mirror of the stereo screen and ensuring the matching of the conjugate points of coincidence with fixation points of the viewer's gaze. This ensures full-fledged stereo observation at different viewing angles by viewers of screen stereo images, taking into account the convergence angles of the eyes and changing points of view.
- the viewer can choose the program for individual auto-correction and video correction by autofocusing projection lenses 7l and 7pr.
- the parameters of the eyes and auto-correction are automatically determined by the tracking system to track the parameters of the contours of the face, eyebrows, nose and mouth of each viewer, taking into account diopter glasses and eye defects (entered by the viewer for individual correction).
- Such auto-correction is programmed by pre-taking points before viewing to memorize the eye coordinate system relative to the face elements constantly monitored by the tracking system (eyebrows, nose or mouth or light beacons on the headphones).
- the 7l, 7pp display forms thin, non-diverging projection beams by pixels of 26l and 26pp (video aperture or pixel micromirror - video reflector).
- the coordinates, the offset in the display plane 25a, 256 and the size of these pixels form the video signal of the video corrector 77 by the signal of the tracking system 3 behind the coordinates of the pupils of the eyes.
- auto-correction is simultaneously provided (by 9v, 9g and 9d auto-correctors with e signals) for rough
- the mirror-spherical stereo screen should be installed closer to the eyes of the viewer at a distance of 20 to 1000 mm, made with the exact sphere of the mirror and accurately aligned in the system to ensure accurate software alignment with the center point of the stereo sphere of the screen.
- Observation of point-focused projections on the pupils provides greater clarity of stereo effect observation of the project and stereo images than with binocular observation of real objects (with diverging beams of light to the width of the pupils). Free accommodation of the eyes (eye focusing) and the observation of a greater depth of the stereo effect and the number of stereo plans than with natural observation are possible.
- This optical system provides maximum visual and complete stereo viewing comfort when unlimited chennom time viewing stereo program. For viewers with myopia or farsightedness, this system provides full visual comfort when stereo is monitored without diopter glasses.
- An additional result is the maximum simplicity of the design of a stereo projection system without lens projection lenses (with aberration and glare problems).
- Such stereo-projection systems can be as miniature as possible (with a volume of stereo projectors of less than 0.01 cubic dm), with a minimum weight of up to 15 grams, low inertia with accurate auto-drives of stereo projectors and optical elements of a stereo projection system and with a minimum power consumption.
- stereo-projection systems can be used in stereo-projection systems in the form of stereo glasses in figures 12 and 13 worn on the head and structures in figures 14 and 15.
- the system provides automatic correction or video correction of these projectors when changing the position of the stereo screen and / or pupils of the viewer the described stereo-projection system in figures 7 (taking into account the conversion of programs and structural elements of the stereo-projection system for one stereo projector and for one viewer).
- These models can provide the largest field of view with horizontal angles of up to 140 ° and vertical angles of 100 ° (or the entire area of the field of view with both eyes). In this case, stereo surveillance is provided without diopter glasses or with diopter glasses.
- the design and location of the stereo screens is optimal for use when moving the viewer (when working, walking and riding on vehicles), for which the stereo screen should be located in the entire vision zone above the horizon. At the same time, a transparent zone is left below the horizon for the visibility of surrounding objects and space.
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/298,170 US9817162B2 (en) | 2005-04-25 | 2006-04-25 | Stereoprojection system |
CN2006800549258A CN101461251B (zh) | 2005-04-25 | 2006-04-25 | 立体投影系统 |
CA2650405A CA2650405C (en) | 2006-04-25 | 2006-04-25 | Stereoprojection system with an eye tracking system |
BRPI0621676-5A BRPI0621676A2 (pt) | 2006-04-25 | 2006-04-25 | Sistema de projeção estéreo |
JP2009507614A JP5417660B2 (ja) | 2005-04-25 | 2006-04-25 | 立体プロジェクション・システム |
EP06757934A EP2061261A4 (en) | 2005-04-25 | 2006-04-25 | STEREO PROJECTION SYSTEM |
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RU2005112314/09A RU2322771C2 (ru) | 2005-04-25 | 2005-04-25 | Стереопроекционная система |
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EP (1) | EP2061261A4 (ru) |
JP (1) | JP5417660B2 (ru) |
CN (1) | CN101461251B (ru) |
RU (1) | RU2322771C2 (ru) |
WO (1) | WO2006118483A1 (ru) |
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CN101499253B (zh) * | 2008-01-28 | 2011-06-29 | 宏达国际电子股份有限公司 | 输出画面的调整方法与装置 |
US11593914B2 (en) | 2014-06-17 | 2023-02-28 | Interdigital Ce Patent Holdings, Sas | Method and a display device with pixel repartition optimization |
WO2019017812A1 (ru) * | 2017-07-18 | 2019-01-24 | Святослав Иванович АРСЕНИЧ | Стереодисплей (варианты) |
RU2698919C2 (ru) * | 2017-07-18 | 2019-09-02 | Святослав Иванович АРСЕНИЧ | Стереодисплей (варианты), видеокамера для стереосъёмки и способ компьютерного формирования стереоизображений для этого стереодисплея |
WO2021034218A3 (ru) * | 2019-08-16 | 2021-12-23 | КАМЫШОВА, Александра Александровна | Стереодисплей и видеокамера для съёмки 3d- изображений для этого стереодисплея |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2009535889A (ja) | 2009-10-01 |
JP5417660B2 (ja) | 2014-02-19 |
RU2322771C2 (ru) | 2008-04-20 |
EP2061261A1 (en) | 2009-05-20 |
CN101461251A (zh) | 2009-06-17 |
RU2005112314A (ru) | 2006-11-10 |
CN101461251B (zh) | 2011-10-19 |
EP2061261A4 (en) | 2010-01-20 |
US20090102915A1 (en) | 2009-04-23 |
US9817162B2 (en) | 2017-11-14 |
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