WO2006105432A2 - Determining viscosity of fluids from well logs using electroseismic measurements - Google Patents
Determining viscosity of fluids from well logs using electroseismic measurements Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006105432A2 WO2006105432A2 PCT/US2006/012034 US2006012034W WO2006105432A2 WO 2006105432 A2 WO2006105432 A2 WO 2006105432A2 US 2006012034 W US2006012034 W US 2006012034W WO 2006105432 A2 WO2006105432 A2 WO 2006105432A2
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- borehole
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- stoneley wave
- logging tool
- pore fluid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/18—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging
- G01V3/26—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified either by the surrounding earth formation or by the detecting device
- G01V3/265—Operating with fields produced by spontaneous potentials, e.g. electrochemicals or produced by telluric currents
Definitions
- the process of bringing hydrocarbons from subterranean formations to the surface entails several steps. For example, formation logging operations are commonly performed prior to producing hydrocarbons from a formation. Logging operations measures several parameters related to the formations penetrated by the borehole including but not limited to formation permeability, resistivity, pressure and temperature. The primary purpose of the logging process is to determine the location of recoverable hydrocarbon bearing zones and/or water producing zones. This information permits efficient production of the hydrocarbons while precluding contamination of subterranean aquifers and production of undesirable water with the hydrocarbons.
- the hydrocarbon producing zones are frequently referred to as pay zones.
- pay zones Some oil producing fields have subterranean formations which are not readily characterized as pay or non-pay zones.
- conventional logging tools have not been able to discriminate between the hydrocarbon producing zones and the water producing zones.
- hydrocarbons produced from these wells frequently contain an undesirable amount of water. Therefore, it would be beneficial if a method was available which distinguished between pay and non-pay zones based on measurements obtained during logging operations.
- the current invention provides a method for distinguishing between pay and non- pay zones of subterranean formations penetrated by a borehole.
- a logging tool is positioned within the borehole.
- the logging tool is preferably a wireline tool including a unit for measuring electromagnetic radiation.
- a seismic signal known as a Stoneley wave is induced into the bore hole.
- the logging tool detects the electromagnetic radiation and transmits it to a logging unit located at the surface which in turn calculates the viscosity of the fluid generating the electromagnetic radiation. Higher viscosities will reflect hydrocarbon producing zones while lower viscosities reflect water producing zones.
- the current invention also provides a method for determining the boundary layer between oil saturated subterranean formations and water saturated subterranean formations penetrated by a bore hole.
- a logging tool is positioned within the borehole.
- the logging tool is preferably a wireline tool including a unit for measuring electromagnetic radiation.
- a seismic signal known as a Stoneley wave is induced into the borehole. As the wave travels through the borehole, it compresses the rock causing pore fluids to flow through the formation. Pore fluid movement through the formation produces electromagnetic radiation.
- the logging tool detects the electromagnetic radiation transmitting it to a logging unit located at the surface which in turn calculates the viscosity of the fluid generating the electromagnetic radiation. Higher viscosities will reflect hydrocarbon producing zones. Positioning the logging tool at various locations in the borehole will permit discrimination between pay and non-pay zones due to the step change in viscosity from the high viscosity of a pay zone to the low viscosity of a non-pay zone.
- use of the method of the current invention will provide the ability to isolate water containing subterranean formations from hydrocarbon producing subterranean formations.
- the current invention provides a method for determining the viscosity of pore fluids found in subterranean formations penetrated by a borehole.
- the viscosity of water is significantly different from the viscosity of hydrocarbon fluids commonly produced from subterranean formations.
- the ability to determine the viscosity of pore fluids will provide the ability to distinguish between hydrocarbon and water producing zones of a subterranean formation penetrated by the borehole.
- the well logging tool should include at least one unit suitable for detecting electromagnetic radiation.
- a wireline logging tool will be used in the method of the current invention.
- a seismic wave is induced in the borehole.
- the seismic wave known as a Stoneley wave, compresses the formation as passes through the borehole. The compression applies sufficient pressure to force movement of the pore fluid through the formation. Since pore fluids are known to carry electrical charges, pore fluid movement through the formation produces detectable electromagnetic radiation. Detection and measurement of the electromagnetic radiation permits determination of the viscosity of the fluid generating the electromagnetic radiation.
- the Stoneley wave is induced into the borehole by any convenient method such as but not limited to a sledge hammer, vibroseismic units, dynamite, and weight dropping equipment.
- the wave is initiated at the surface and travels down the borehole.
- the current invention should provide satisfactory results if the wave is initiated at the terminal end of the borehole and travels upward through the borehole.
- the logging tool Prior to initiating the Stoneley wave, the logging tool is preferably positioned in the borehole.
- the logging tool includes a single sensor suitable for detecting and measuring electromagnetic radiation.
- the logging tool is positioned adjacent to the subterranean formation of interest and the Stoneley wave initiated. As the wave passes the logging tool, the tool measures the resulting electromagnetic radiation and transmits the relevant data to a logging unit positioned at the surface.
- the logging unit contains a suitably programmed computer and other equipment known to those skilled in the art.
- the logging tool is repositioned adjacent to each formation or zone of interest and a new wave transmitted following repositioning of the logging tool.
- the logging tool including a single sensor for detecting and measuring electromagnetic radiation
- movement of the logging tool through the borehole is at a rate selected to position the logging tool at the desired location as each wave passes through the borehole.
- the logging unit is adjacent to a zone of interest.
- the electromagnetic radiation sensor detects the resulting electromagnetic radiation and transmits the data to the logging unit.
- the movement rate of the logging tool through the borehole may vary in order to ensure proper positioning adjacent to each zone of interest. In this embodiment, movement of the logging tool may be in either direction through the borehole.
- the logging tool may include multiple sensors for detecting and measuring electromagnetic radiation.
- the sensors will be spaced along the logging tool(s) at intervals selected to correspond to the zones of interest along the length of the borehole.
- a Stoneley wave is transmitted through the borehole.
- each adjacent sensor detects the resulting electromagnetic radiation and transmits the data to the logging unit.
- Fluid viscosity of the pore fluid entering the borehole can be determined using the Biot critical frequency of the formation ( ⁇ c ) which is defined by the following equation:
- ⁇ Moup f k o CDc/2 ⁇
- k 0 formation permeability (Darcy)
- P f pore fluid density (kg/m)
- ⁇ pore space tortuosity or fracture tortuosity (a dimensionless number)
- ⁇ formation porosity (in percent). Since viscosity is linearly related to ⁇ c , knowledge of ⁇ c will permit determination of fluid viscosity using the following logarithmic table:
- ⁇ c can be empirically determined using a plot of the amplitude versus the frequency of the recorded electromagnetic radiation. Following determination of ⁇ c , ⁇ can be determined using a table as discussed above. Further details on the determination of ⁇ c can be found in the publication entitled, "Using borehole electroseismic measurements to detect and characterize fractured permeable zones," GEOPHYSICS, VOL. 65, NO. 4 (JULY-AUGUST 2000); P. 1098-1112, O. Mikhailov, J. Queen and M Toksoz, incorporated herein by reference.
- the logging unit interprets the electromagnetic radiation produced by movement of the pore fluid through the formation and determines the vertical component of the electromagnetic radiation.
- the ratio of the vertical component (E z ) of the electromagnetic radiation to the pressure oscillation (P b ) in the borehole resulting from the passage of the Stoneley wave is defined by the following equation:
- Equation (3) To reduce the number of terms in equation (3), let B equal the following portion of equation (3) ⁇ r + ⁇ f Ii(R b ⁇ /c s )Ko(Rb ⁇ /c s )/Io(R b ⁇ /c s )Ki(R b ⁇ /Cs) ⁇ . Rearrangement of equation (3) subsequently yields equation (4) as follows:
- equation (6) Further rearrangement of equation (6) yields a quadratic equation as shown in equations (7) and (8) provided below.
- the variables represented in equation (9) are commonly measured during logging operations.
- the logging unit will receive the data represented by these variables, including the electromagnetic radiation generated in response to the Stoneley wave, from the logging tool and will calculate ⁇ .
- water typically has a viscosity ( ⁇ ) of about 10 "3 Pa-s and a ⁇ c of 2 ⁇ l 59,000 Hz.
- a typical hydrocarbon fluid may have a viscosity of about 10 "1 Pa-s (100 centipoise) and a ⁇ c of 2 ⁇ l, 590,000 Hz.
- hydrocarbon fluids will typically have a ⁇ c of about 1 order of magnitude higher than water. Accordingly, the practice of the methods of the current invention will permit one skilled in the art to distinguish between a hydrocarbon bearing pay zone and a water bearing non-pay zone.
Abstract
The current invention provides methods for determining the viscosity of pore fluids found in subterranean formation. In particular, the current invention provides methods for distinguishing between pay and non-pay zones of subterranean formation on the basis of the viscosity of the pore fluid found within the zones. Through use of well logging techniques, the current invention measures electromagnetic radiation generated by movement of the pore fluid through the formation in response to a Stoneley wave to determine the viscosity of the pore fluid.
Description
DETERMINING VISCOSITY OF FLUIDS FROM WELL LOGS USING ELECTROSEISMIC MEASUREMENTS
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of United States Provisional Application Serial No. 60/666,675 filed March 30, 2005.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The process of bringing hydrocarbons from subterranean formations to the surface entails several steps. For example, formation logging operations are commonly performed prior to producing hydrocarbons from a formation. Logging operations measures several parameters related to the formations penetrated by the borehole including but not limited to formation permeability, resistivity, pressure and temperature. The primary purpose of the logging process is to determine the location of recoverable hydrocarbon bearing zones and/or water producing zones. This information permits efficient production of the hydrocarbons while precluding contamination of subterranean aquifers and production of undesirable water with the hydrocarbons.
[0003] The hydrocarbon producing zones are frequently referred to as pay zones. Unfortunately, some oil producing fields have subterranean formations which are not readily characterized as pay or non-pay zones. In these fields, conventional logging tools have not been able to discriminate between the hydrocarbon producing zones and the water producing zones. As a result, hydrocarbons produced from these wells frequently contain an undesirable amount of water. Therefore, it would be beneficial if a method was available which distinguished between pay and non-pay zones based on measurements obtained during logging operations.
[0004] As is known to those skilled in the art, hydrocarbons and water have distinctly different fluid viscosities. Water typically has a viscosity of about 10"3 Pa-s while a typical hydrocarbon producing zone will yield fluids having viscosities between about 10"2 Pa-s and about 10"1 Pa-s. Thus, a convenient method for measuring pore fluid viscosity using well logging techniques would allow for successful discrimination between pay and non-pay zones. In particular, the methods of the current invention are useful for isolating hydrocarbon producing zones in formations where such zones are generally indistinguishable from water producing zones.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] The current invention provides a method for distinguishing between pay and non- pay zones of subterranean formations penetrated by a borehole. According to the method of
the current invention, a logging tool is positioned within the borehole. The logging tool is preferably a wireline tool including a unit for measuring electromagnetic radiation. Following positioning of the logging tool, a seismic signal known as a Stoneley wave is induced into the bore hole. As the wave travels through the borehole, it compresses the rock causing pore fluids to flow through the formation. Pore fluid movement through the formation produces electromagnetic radiation. The logging tool detects the electromagnetic radiation and transmits it to a logging unit located at the surface which in turn calculates the viscosity of the fluid generating the electromagnetic radiation. Higher viscosities will reflect hydrocarbon producing zones while lower viscosities reflect water producing zones.
[0006] The current invention also provides a method for determining the boundary layer between oil saturated subterranean formations and water saturated subterranean formations penetrated by a bore hole. According to the method of the current invention, a logging tool is positioned within the borehole. The logging tool is preferably a wireline tool including a unit for measuring electromagnetic radiation. Following positioning of the logging tool, a seismic signal known as a Stoneley wave is induced into the borehole. As the wave travels through the borehole, it compresses the rock causing pore fluids to flow through the formation. Pore fluid movement through the formation produces electromagnetic radiation. The logging tool detects the electromagnetic radiation transmitting it to a logging unit located at the surface which in turn calculates the viscosity of the fluid generating the electromagnetic radiation. Higher viscosities will reflect hydrocarbon producing zones. Positioning the logging tool at various locations in the borehole will permit discrimination between pay and non-pay zones due to the step change in viscosity from the high viscosity of a pay zone to the low viscosity of a non-pay zone. Thus, use of the method of the current invention will provide the ability to isolate water containing subterranean formations from hydrocarbon producing subterranean formations.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
[0007] In one preferred embodiment, the current invention provides a method for determining the viscosity of pore fluids found in subterranean formations penetrated by a borehole. As known to those skilled in the art, the viscosity of water is significantly different from the viscosity of hydrocarbon fluids commonly produced from subterranean formations. Thus, the ability to determine the viscosity of pore fluids will provide the ability to distinguish between hydrocarbon and water producing zones of a subterranean formation penetrated by the borehole.
[0008] According to the method of the current invention, a borehole is drilled through a subterranean formation and well logging operations initiated. For the purposes of the method of the current invention, the well logging tool should include at least one unit suitable for detecting electromagnetic radiation. Typically, a wireline logging tool will be used in the method of the current invention. Following positioning of the well logging tool in the borehole, a seismic wave is induced in the borehole. The seismic wave, known as a Stoneley wave, compresses the formation as passes through the borehole. The compression applies sufficient pressure to force movement of the pore fluid through the formation. Since pore fluids are known to carry electrical charges, pore fluid movement through the formation produces detectable electromagnetic radiation. Detection and measurement of the electromagnetic radiation permits determination of the viscosity of the fluid generating the electromagnetic radiation.
[0009] In the method of the current invention, the Stoneley wave is induced into the borehole by any convenient method such as but not limited to a sledge hammer, vibroseismic units, dynamite, and weight dropping equipment. Preferably, the wave is initiated at the surface and travels down the borehole. However, the current invention should provide satisfactory results if the wave is initiated at the terminal end of the borehole and travels upward through the borehole.
[0010] Prior to initiating the Stoneley wave, the logging tool is preferably positioned in the borehole. In one preferred embodiment, the logging tool includes a single sensor suitable for detecting and measuring electromagnetic radiation. In this embodiment, the logging tool is positioned adjacent to the subterranean formation of interest and the Stoneley wave initiated. As the wave passes the logging tool, the tool measures the resulting electromagnetic radiation and transmits the relevant data to a logging unit positioned at the surface. The logging unit contains a suitably programmed computer and other equipment known to those skilled in the art. In this embodiment the logging tool is repositioned adjacent to each formation or zone of interest and a new wave transmitted following repositioning of the logging tool. [0011] Alternatively, the logging tool, including a single sensor for detecting and measuring electromagnetic radiation, is moved through the borehole as a series of Stoneley waves are transmitted through the borehole. In this embodiment, movement of the logging tool through the borehole is at a rate selected to position the logging tool at the desired location as each wave passes through the borehole. As each Stoneley wave passes through the borehole, the logging unit is adjacent to a zone of interest. The electromagnetic radiation sensor detects
the resulting electromagnetic radiation and transmits the data to the logging unit. Depending on the locations of the zones of interest, the movement rate of the logging tool through the borehole may vary in order to ensure proper positioning adjacent to each zone of interest. In this embodiment, movement of the logging tool may be in either direction through the borehole.
[0012] In another embodiment, the logging tool may include multiple sensors for detecting and measuring electromagnetic radiation. The sensors will be spaced along the logging tool(s) at intervals selected to correspond to the zones of interest along the length of the borehole. Following positioning of the logging tool in the borehole, a Stoneley wave is transmitted through the borehole. As the Stoneley wave passes through each zone of interest, each adjacent sensor detects the resulting electromagnetic radiation and transmits the data to the logging unit.
[0013] Fluid viscosity of the pore fluid entering the borehole can be determined using the Biot critical frequency of the formation (ωc) which is defined by the following equation:
( 1 ) ωc = 2φμ/Mα∞pfko
This equation scales linearly with viscosity and can be solved for viscosity (μ) yielding:
(2) μ = MoupfkoCDc/2φ where: k0 = formation permeability (Darcy); Pf = pore fluid density (kg/m); α∞ = pore space tortuosity or fracture tortuosity (a dimensionless number); and, φ = formation porosity (in percent). Since viscosity is linearly related to ωc, knowledge of ωc will permit determination of fluid viscosity using the following logarithmic table:
100 10 0.1 0.01 0.001 0.0001 μ (Pa-s)
One skilled in the art will recognize that the ωc can be empirically determined using a plot of
the amplitude versus the frequency of the recorded electromagnetic radiation. Following determination of ωc, μ can be determined using a table as discussed above. Further details on the determination of ωc can be found in the publication entitled, "Using borehole electroseismic measurements to detect and characterize fractured permeable zones," GEOPHYSICS, VOL. 65, NO. 4 (JULY-AUGUST 2000); P. 1098-1112, O. Mikhailov, J. Queen and M Toksoz, incorporated herein by reference.
[0014] In another preferred embodiment, the logging unit interprets the electromagnetic radiation produced by movement of the pore fluid through the formation and determines the vertical component of the electromagnetic radiation. The ratio of the vertical component (Ez) of the electromagnetic radiation to the pressure oscillation (Pb) in the borehole resulting from the passage of the Stoneley wave is defined by the following equation:
(iω/cs){-φζεf/[l-4iω/ωcM2]05α∞μ}
(3) Bz/Pb = {σr+σfI1(Rbω/cs)Ko(Rbω/cs)/I0(Rbω/cs)K1(Rbω/cs)} where: i = sq root of -1; ω = Stoneley wave angular frequency (2π-150Hz); cs = Stoneley wave velocity (-1400 m/s); φ = formation porosity (percent); ζ = zeta potential (mV); εf = pore fluid permittivity (coul2/N-m2); ωc = Biot critical frequency of a formation (1/t); M = a dimensionless constant approximately equal to 1; α∞ = pore space tortuosity or fracture tortuosity (dimensionless); μ = fluid viscosity (centipoises); σr= formation conductivity (S/m); σf = borehole fluid conductivity (S/m); Rb = radius of the borehole (m); I0 and Ko = zero-order modified Bessel Functions; and, Ii and Ki = first order Bessel Functions. [0015] To reduce the number of terms in equation (3), let B equal the following portion of equation (3) {σr + σfIi(Rbω/cs)Ko(Rbω/cs)/Io(Rbω/cs)Ki(Rbω/Cs)}. Rearrangement of equation (3) subsequently yields equation (4) as follows:
Following squaring, and substituting the viscosity variable (μ) into the squared radical term, equation (4) yields equation (5) as follows: m mτ, Λ2 (-Cs2/ω2)[μ2-4iωμ2/ωcM2]cu2 (iVBJbz) =
(5) φ2ζ2εf 2
Further substitution of equation (1) into equation (5) yields the following equation (6):
Further rearrangement of equation (6) yields a quadratic equation as shown in equations (7) and (8) provided below.
(7) (Pbωφζεf /BEzctΛg)2 = [-μ2l+4iωμαo.P-k(/2φM]
(8) μ2-4iωμα∞pfk0/2φM + (PbωφζSf/BEzα∞cs)2 = 0
[0016] Solving the quadratic equation for viscosity (μ) yields the final working equation (9) as provided below:
4iωα∞pfko/2φM +/- [(4iωα*,pfko/ 2φM)2-4Pbωφζεf/ BEzα∞cs]0'3
2Pbωφζεf / BEz0UoCs (9)
[0017] The variables represented in equation (9) are commonly measured during logging operations. Thus, the logging unit will receive the data represented by these variables, including the electromagnetic radiation generated in response to the Stoneley wave, from the logging tool and will calculate μ.
[0018] For the sake of comparison, water typically has a viscosity (μ) of about 10"3 Pa-s and a ωc of 2πl 59,000 Hz. In contrast, a typical hydrocarbon fluid may have a viscosity of about 10"1 Pa-s (100 centipoise) and a ωc of 2πl, 590,000 Hz. Thus, hydrocarbon fluids will typically have a ωc of about 1 order of magnitude higher than water. Accordingly, the practice of the methods of the current invention will permit one skilled in the art to distinguish between a hydrocarbon bearing pay zone and a water bearing non-pay zone.
[0019] Other embodiments of the current invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from a consideration of this specification or practice of the invention disclosed herein. However, the foregoing specification is considered merely exemplary of the current invention.
Claims
1. A method for determining the viscosity of pore fluid in at least one zone of interest in a subterranean formation penetrated by a borehole comprising the steps of: positioning a logging tool within said borehole, said logging tool having at least one unit suitable for detecting and measuring electromagnetic radiation; inducing a Stoneley wave into said borehole; measuring electromagnetic radiation generated by movement of pore fluid through said zone of interest in response to passage of said Stoneley wave through said zone of interest; and, determining the viscosity of said pore fluid in said zone of interest.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said subterranean formation has at least two zones of interest and further comprising determining which zones of interest are pay and non-pay zones comprising the steps of: repositioning said logging tool within said borehole and transmitting an additional Stoneley wave through said borehole; measuring the resulting electromagnetic radiation and determining the viscosity of the pore fluid in the vicinity of said logging tool; and, repeating the steps of repositioning said logging tool, transmitting a Stoneley wave, measuring the resulting electromagnetic radiation and determining pore fluid viscosity until the pay and non-pay zones within said formation have been identified.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said induced Stoneley wave applies sufficient pressure to compress the zone of interest thereby forcing movement of pore fluid through the zone of interest.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said Stoneley wave is induced at the surface and travels down said borehole.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said Stoneley wave is induced at a subsurface location and travels upward through the borehole.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein said Stoneley wave is induced at the terminal end of the borehole and travels upward through the borehole.
7. A method for determining the viscosity of pore fluid in at least two zones of interest in a subterranean formation penetrated by a borehole comprising the steps of: positioning a logging tool within said borehole adjacent to a first zone of interest, said logging tool having at least one unit suitable for detecting and measuring electromagnetic radiation; inducing a Stoneley wave into said borehole; measuring electromagnetic radiation generated by movement of pore fluid through said first zone of interest in response to passage of said Stoneley wave through said zone of interest; determining the viscosity of said pore fluid; repositioning said logging tool within said borehole adjacent a second zone of interest and transmitting an additional Stoneley wave through said borehole; measuring the resulting electromagnetic radiation and determining the viscosity of the pore fluid in the second zone of interest.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising determining the location of pay and non-pay zones within a subterranean formation said method comprising the steps of: repeating the steps of repositioning said logging tool, transmitting a Stoneley wave, measuring the resulting electromagnetic radiation and determining pore fluid viscosity until the pay and non-pay zones within said formation have been identified.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein said induced Stoneley wave applies sufficient pressure to compress the subterranean formation thereby forcing movement of pore fluid through the formation.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein said Stoneley wave is induced at the surface and travels down said borehole.
11. The method of claim 7, wherein said Stoneley wave is induced at a subsurface location and travels upward through the borehole.
12. The method of claim 7, wherein said Stoneley wave is induced at the terminal end of the borehole and travels upward through the borehole.
13. A method for determining the viscosity of pore fluid in zones of interest located in a subterranean formation penetrated by a borehole comprising the steps of: positioning a logging tool within said borehole, said logging tool having at least one unit suitable for detecting and measuring electromagnetic radiation; inducing a series of Stoneley waves into said borehole; moving said logging tool through said borehole during the step of inducing said series of Stoneley waves into said borehole; measuring electromagnetic radiation generated by movement of pore fluid through at least one zone of interest in response to passage of a Stoneley wave through said zone of interest; and, determining the viscosity of pore fluid from at least one zone of interest.
14. The method of claim 13, further comprising the steps of determining pore fluid viscosity for each zone of interest and using said determined pore fluid viscosities to distinguish between pay and non-pay zones of interest.
15. The method of claim 13, wherein said induced Stoneley wave applies sufficient pressure to compress the zones of interest thereby forcing movement of pore fluid through the zones of interest.
16. The method of claim 13, wherein said Stoneley wave is induced at the surface and travels down said borehole.
17. The method of claim 13, wherein said Stoneley wave is induced at a subsurface location and travels upward through the borehole.
18. The method of claim 13, wherein said Stoneley wave is induced at the terminal end of the borehole and travels upward through the borehole.
19. The method of claim 13, wherein the rate of movement of said logging tool through said borehole is selected to position said logging tool at predetermined location when a Stoneley wave passes said predetermined location.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein said rate of movement of said logging tool is variable.
21. The method of claim 13, wherein said movement of said logging tool is from the surface towards the bottom of said borehole.
22. The method of claim 13, wherein said movement of said logging tool is from a subsurface location towards the surface.
23. A method for determining the location of pay and non-pay zones of interest within a subterranean formation comprising the steps of: positioning a logging tool within said borehole, said logging tool having a plurality of sensors suitable for detecting and measuring electromagnetic radiation; inducing a Stoneley wave into said borehole; measuring electromagnetic radiation generated by movement of pore fluid through said zones of interest in response to passage of said Stoneley wave; determining the viscosity of pore fluid for said zones of interest; and, using said determined pore fluid viscosities to distinguish between pay and non-pay zones of interest.
24. The method of claim 23, wherein said sensors are located on said logging tool at positions corresponding to the zones of interest when said logging tool is positioned within said borehole.
25. The method of claim 23, wherein said Stoneley wave is induced at the surface and travels down said borehole.
26. The method of claim 23, wherein said Stoneley wave is induced at a subsurface location and travels upward through the borehole.
27. The method of claim 23, wherein said Stoneley wave is induced at the terminal end of the borehole and travels upward through the borehole.
28. The method of claim 23, wherein said induced Stoneley wave applies sufficient pressure to compress the zones of interest thereby forcing movement of pore fluid through the zones of interest.
29. A method for determining the location of pay and non-pay zones within a subterranean formation comprising the steps of: positioning a logging tool within said borehole adjacent to a first zone of interest, said logging tool having at least one unit suitable for detecting and measuring electromagnetic radiation; inducing a Stoneley wave into said borehole, said Stoneley wave applies sufficient pressure to compress the zone of interest thereby forcing movement of pore fluid through the zone of interest; measuring electromagnetic radiation generated by movement of pore fluid through said first zone of interest in response to passage of said Stoneley wave through said zone of interest; determining the viscosity of said pore fluid; repositioning said logging tool within said borehole adjacent a second zone of interest and transmitting an additional Stoneley wave through said borehole; measuring the resulting electromagnetic radiation and determining the viscosity of the pore fluid in the second zone of interest; and, repeating the steps of repositioning said logging tool, transmitting a Stoneley wave, measuring the resulting electromagnetic radiation and determining pore fluid viscosity until the pay and non-pay zones within said formation have been identified.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US66667505P | 2005-03-30 | 2005-03-30 | |
| US60/666,675 | 2005-03-30 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2006105432A2 true WO2006105432A2 (en) | 2006-10-05 |
| WO2006105432A3 WO2006105432A3 (en) | 2008-10-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2006/012034 WO2006105432A2 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2006-03-29 | Determining viscosity of fluids from well logs using electroseismic measurements |
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| WO (1) | WO2006105432A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014014372A1 (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2014-01-23 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Finding oil viscosity and surface tension by means of dielectric spectroscopy |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4813028A (en) * | 1987-07-07 | 1989-03-14 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Acoustic well logging method and apparatus |
| US5841280A (en) * | 1997-06-24 | 1998-11-24 | Western Atlas International, Inc. | Apparatus and method for combined acoustic and seismoelectric logging measurements |
-
2006
- 2006-03-29 WO PCT/US2006/012034 patent/WO2006105432A2/en active Search and Examination
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4813028A (en) * | 1987-07-07 | 1989-03-14 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Acoustic well logging method and apparatus |
| US5841280A (en) * | 1997-06-24 | 1998-11-24 | Western Atlas International, Inc. | Apparatus and method for combined acoustic and seismoelectric logging measurements |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014014372A1 (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2014-01-23 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Finding oil viscosity and surface tension by means of dielectric spectroscopy |
| GB2519268A (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2015-04-15 | Baker Hughes Inc | Finding oil viscosity and surface tension by means of dielectric spectroscopy |
| US9581720B2 (en) | 2012-07-16 | 2017-02-28 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Finding oil viscosity and surface tension by means of dielectric spectroscopy |
| GB2519268B (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2018-05-02 | Baker Hughes Inc | Finding oil viscosity and surface tension by means of dielectric spectroscopy |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2006105432A3 (en) | 2008-10-30 |
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