WO2006102840A1 - Procede de surveillance du taux de perte de paquets - Google Patents

Procede de surveillance du taux de perte de paquets Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006102840A1
WO2006102840A1 PCT/CN2006/000534 CN2006000534W WO2006102840A1 WO 2006102840 A1 WO2006102840 A1 WO 2006102840A1 CN 2006000534 W CN2006000534 W CN 2006000534W WO 2006102840 A1 WO2006102840 A1 WO 2006102840A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oam
domain
packet
frame
loss rate
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PCT/CN2006/000534
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jianfei He
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Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority to EP06722186A priority Critical patent/EP1865646A4/en
Priority to US11/506,112 priority patent/US20070064611A1/en
Publication of WO2006102840A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006102840A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/14Network analysis or design
    • H04L41/142Network analysis or design using statistical or mathematical methods
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0823Errors, e.g. transmission errors
    • H04L43/0829Packet loss
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/50Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using label swapping, e.g. multi-protocol label switch [MPLS]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to label switching techniques, and more particularly to methods for monitoring packet loss rates in label switching networks and in domain-managed label switching networks. Background of the invention
  • Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) technology plays an increasingly important role in IP networks.
  • MPLS technology has gradually evolved into a general MPLS (GMPLS) technology through further transformation.
  • GMPLS technology can be applied to packet switching networks such as Ethernet. These packet switched networks can be collectively referred to as a label switching network.
  • the invention provides a method for monitoring a packet loss rate in a label switching network, which can obtain a packet loss rate indicator of a label switching path (LSP) in a label switching network in a timely and accurate manner.
  • LSP label switching path
  • the present invention also provides a method for monitoring a packet loss rate in a label switching network managed by a domain, and can accurately and accurately calculate a packet loss rate indicator of each OAM domain of the label switching network LSP.
  • a method for monitoring a packet loss rate in a label switching network includes: transmitting, at a source node of a label switched path LSP, an OAM frame carrying packet statistics information to a sink node;
  • the sink node receives and parses the OAM frame, extracts the packet statistics information, and calculates a packet loss rate of the LSP according to the packet statistics.
  • the packet statistics information is the number of packets T t sent by the source node
  • the calculations include: '
  • the sink node extracts the number of packets T t sent by the source node from the received OAM packet, obtains the number of packets R t received by the sink node, and obtains a data pair (T t , R t ) and stores it;
  • the node reads the data pair (Tw, - Rt-i ) obtained when the OAM frame used for packet loss rate monitoring is received last time;
  • the number of lost packets is divided by the number of packets sent by the source node to obtain the packet loss rate of the LSP during the two consecutive OAM frames received for packet loss detection.
  • a method for monitoring a packet loss rate in a domain-switched label switching network includes the following steps:
  • An ingress node of each OAM domain sends an intra-domain OAM frame carrying packet statistics information to an egress node of the OAM domain;
  • the egress node receives and parses the OAM frame in the domain, extracts the quiz statistics information from the egress domain, and calculates a packet loss rate of the OAM domain according to the packet statistics.
  • the packet statistics information is the number of packets T t sent or received by the OAM domain ingress node;
  • the calculations include:
  • the eNodeB of the OAM domain extracts the number of packets T t sent or received by the ingress node from the OAM packet in the received domain, and obtains the number of packets R t received or sent by the eAM packet to obtain a data. Pair (T t , R t ) and store;
  • the egress node of the OAM domain reads the data pair (T t — R t —! ) obtained when the OAM frame in the domain was received last time;
  • the number of lost packets is divided by the number of packets sent or received by the ingress node to obtain the packet loss rate in the OAM domain during the two consecutive OAM frames received for packet loss detection.
  • the method of the present invention utilizes the extended OAM frame, including: the newly defined OAM frame, the frame or the FFD frame for the packet loss rate monitoring sends the statistics information of the LSP source node statistics.
  • the sink node can obtain the packet statistics information of the upstream node in time, and calculate the packet loss rate. This method not only timely, accurate, and implements the inventory, but also reduces the bandwidth f network resources used in the label switching network to transmit packet statistics.
  • the present invention also provides a packet loss rate monitoring method for the label switching network of the domain management, which can monitor the packet loss rate of a segment of the LSP in an OAM domain, thereby being able to conveniently determine the label switching network.
  • the performance and reliability of each part in order to determine the responsibility when the LSP performance deteriorates.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for performing packet loss rate monitoring by using an extended OAM frame according to a preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an LSP in a label switching network according to a preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for monitoring packet loss rate by using a CV frame according to a preferred embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an LSP for domain management in a label switching network according to a preferred embodiment 3 of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a method for monitoring packet loss rate of an OAM domain of an LSP by using an extended intra-area OAM frame according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Mode for carrying out the invention
  • the present invention mainly transmits the packet statistics information by using the OAM frame sent by the source node of the LSP to the sink node, after receiving the OAM frame sent by the LSP source node, The sink node determines the packet loss rate according to the packet statistics information carried in the sink node.
  • the statistics information of the UI can be delivered by expanding an existing OAM frame.
  • the specific method of the broadening is: defining a new OAM type, which is used to identify an OAM frame for packet loss rate monitoring, and uniquely identifying by using a newly defined OAM type in a type field in an existing OAM frame structure.
  • the OAM frame for the packet loss rate monitoring, and another field in the OAM frame structure is a packet statistics field, which is used to carry the statistics information.
  • the information of the message system is LSP. The number of packets sent by the source node.
  • the method for monitoring the packet loss rate by using the extended OAM frame is as shown in FIG. 1 , and mainly includes the following steps:
  • the source node of the LSP sends the OAM frame for the packet loss rate monitoring to the sink node of the LSP, and carries the number of packets T t sent by the source node in the OAM frame.
  • the source node uses the newly defined OAM frame type in the type field of the transmitted OAM frame to identify the current OAM frame for packet loss rate monitoring, and carries in the packet statistics field of the OAM frame.
  • the sink node After receiving the OAM frame for the packet loss rate monitoring, the sink node extracts the number T t of the packets sent by the source node, and extracts the number of packets R t received by the sink node to obtain a Data pair (T t , R t ). .
  • the sink node needs to count the number of packets it has received while receiving the packet.
  • the sink node calculates the data pair ( Tt , Rt ) obtained according to the obtained data pair and the data pair (Tt-!, Rt -i) obtained when the OAM frame for packet loss rate monitoring is last received. Packet loss rate of the LSP.
  • Packet Loss iT r Tt-i
  • ( 1 ) Packet Loss Rate Racket Loss/
  • the LSP sink node will capture the OAM frame for packet loss rate monitoring at a location near the transmit buffer queue to send the data packet.
  • the source node of the LSP passes the packet statistics information through the extended OAM frame.
  • the number of packets sent by the LSP source node is sent to the sink node, so that the sink node can calculate the current packet loss rate of the LSP according to the number of packets received by the sink node and the number of packets sent by the source node. It is. It can be seen that the method described in this embodiment can not only timely and accurately monitor the current packet loss rate of the LSP, but also realize the single order, and the modification to the existing label switching network is minimal.
  • the source node A of the LSP A -> B -> C -> D -> E periodically sends an extended OAM frame for the packet loss rate monitoring to the sink node E, and in the packet statistics field therein. Carrying the number of packets Tt transmitted by itself; the extended OAM frame passes through the nodes B, C, and D and arrives at the sink node E. After detecting the extended OAM frame, the sink node E captures the frame, extracts the number of packets T t sent by the source node A from the packet statistics field, and extracts the number of packets R t received by itself to obtain a data.
  • Embodiment 2 In addition to the method of extending an existing OAM frame, other types of OAM frames can be utilized for the drop-packet rate monitoring.
  • This embodiment provides a method for transmitting the message statistical information using an existing connectivity check (CV) frame or fast fault detection (FFD) frame as an OAM frame. . '
  • the source node of the LSP in order to detect the state of the established LSP, the source node of the LSP periodically sends a CV frame or an FFD frame to the sink node, and the sink node of the LSP periodically receives the CV frame or the FFD frame sent by the source node. Determine whether the LSP is normal.
  • the time interval at which the source node sends a CV frame or an FF.D frame may be several milliseconds to several seconds. For example, for an FFD frame The minimum interval between transmissions can be 10ms. Therefore, the source node may also transmit the statistic information to the sink node by using a CV frame or an FFD frame.
  • the CV frame has an 18-byte Padding field
  • the FFD frame has a 17-byte Padding field.
  • the padding field has not yet defined a specific meaning, 'Use the Padding field mainly
  • the purpose is to make different OAM frames have the same length. Since the existing CV frame or the FFD frame cannot carry the packet statistics information, this embodiment extends the existing CV frame or the FFD frame, that is, defines a part of the bytes in the Padding field of the CV frame or the FFD frame as one. A new packet statistics field is used to carry the packet statistics. In this way, the sink node can calculate the packet loss rate of the LSP according to the packet statistics carried by the CV frame or the FFD frame.
  • the packet statistics information in this embodiment is the number of packets sent by the source node.
  • the method is shown in Figure 3, which mainly includes:
  • the source node of the LSP periodically sends a CV frame to the sink node of the LSP, and carries the number of packets T t sent by the source node in the CV frame.
  • the number of packets T t that the source node has transmitted is carried by a packet statistics field that is extended in the Padding field of the CV frame.
  • the sink node After receiving the CV frame, the sink node extracts the number of packets T t sent by the source node carried in the packet statistics field, and then extracts the number of packets R t received by the user to obtain a data. For (T t , R t ).
  • the sink node needs to count the number of packets Rt that it has received while receiving the message.
  • the sink node receives (T t , R t ) according to the obtained data pair and receives the last time
  • the data pair (Tt- 1? Rt -1) obtained for the CV frame of the packet loss rate monitoring calculates the packet loss rate of the LSP.
  • the calculation in this step is the same as the calculation described in step 103, that is, the packet loss rate is calculated by using equations (1) and (2).
  • the process of monitoring the packet loss rate through the FFD frame is basically the same as the above process, and will not be described here.
  • the LSP sink node will capture the CV frame or FED frame at a location near the transmit buffer queue to send the packet.
  • the source node of the LSP sends the packet statistics information to the sink node through the extended CV frame or the FFD frame, and the number of packets sent by the LSP source node is sent to the sink node, so that the node can be based on itself.
  • the number of received packets and the number of packets sent by the source node calculate the current packet loss rate of the LSP. It can be seen that the method described in this embodiment can timely and accurately monitor the current packet loss rate of the LSP, and implement the single-slot, which has minimal changes to the existing label switching network.
  • Example 3 Example 3:
  • This embodiment describes a method for implementing packet loss rate monitoring in each OAM domain of an LSP in the case of performing QoS management on the LSP.
  • each OAM domain When the LSP is managed in a domain, one or more OAM domains are pre-assigned on the LSP, and the ingress and egress nodes of each OAM domain are determined.
  • the OAM domain may be consistent with the routing domain of the LSP, and the OAM domain is naturally formed when the routing domain is formed.
  • the OAM domain may not be consistent with the routing domain.
  • each OAM domain, its ingress node, and egress node may be specified through configuration parameters. ' '
  • nodes 8, B, C, and G in the label switching network form an OAM.
  • a node where node A is the ingress node of the OAM domain, node C is the egress node of the OAM domain, LSPA->B->C is the working LSP, LSPA->G->C is the protection LSP; node C,
  • node C is the ingress node of the OAM domain
  • node E is the egress node of the OAM domain
  • LSP C->D->E is the working LSP
  • LSP C-> F->E is the protection LSP. It can be seen that node C belongs to two OAM domains at the same time.
  • each OAM domain on the LSP can implement LSP sub-domain management through the newly defined intra-domain OAM frame. Specifically, by inserting an intra-OAM frame carrying the management information in the ingress node of each OAM domain, the egress node of the OAM domain will receive and parse the OAM frame in the intra-domain, and manage the OAM according to the management information carried in the OAM frame in the OAM domain. area.
  • the intra-domain OAM frame will also include the OAM label and the OAM payload.
  • the encapsulation format is to embed a layer of OAM labels in the intra-LSP label and carry the OAM payload. .of.
  • the format of the OAM label is the same as that of the MPLS label format, and is divided into four fields: labei, exp, s, ttl, where the label field is a special value used to identify the OAM frame in the data frame, for example,
  • the label value 13 reserved by MPLS is different from the end-to-end OAM frame.
  • the label value of the end-to-end OAM frame is 14 according to the MPLS protocol.
  • the OAM payload portion can contain multiple types of management information, depending on its function. For example, it can contain various end-to-end OAM types defined by various standards organizations.
  • the OAM frame payload in the domain should also contain the identifier of the OAM domain to distinguish different OAM domains.
  • the intra-domain OAM is used to transmit the statistical information of the packet.
  • the intra-domain OAM frame in this embodiment may be a CV frame or an intra-domain FFD in the domain.
  • a packet statistic field needs to be added to the Padding field of the intra-domain CV frame or the intra-domain FFD frame, and the statistic field is used to carry the statistic information.
  • a new intra-domain OAM type for packet loss rate monitoring needs to be defined first, and the newly defined intra-domain OAM type is used for unique identification in the type field of the OAM frame structure in the domain.
  • another field in the OAM frame structure in the domain is defined as a packet statistics field, which is used to carry the packet statistics.
  • the packet statistics information is the number of packets T t received or sent by an OAM domain ingress node on the LSP.
  • the ingress node of the OAM domain on the LSP only forwards the packet. Therefore, the packet statistics may also be the number of packets received by the ingress node of the OAM domain.
  • the method for monitoring the packet loss rate by using the extended intra-area OAM frame is as shown in FIG. 5', and mainly includes:
  • the intra-domain OAM frame may be an intra-domain 'OAM frame for packet loss rate detection using a specific OAM type identifier.
  • the OAM domain ingress node has sent or received.
  • the number of packets T t will be carried by the packet statistics field of the OAM frame in the domain.
  • the intra-domain OAM frame may also be an intra-domain CV frame or an intra-domain FFD frame. In this case, the OAM domain ingress node has been sent or received or The number of packets T t will be carried by the newly defined message statistics field in the Padding field of the CV frame or domain F3 ⁇ 4 FFD frame in the field.
  • the egress node of the OAM domain upon detecting domain OAM frame, extracted from the OAM domain entry node has sent or received packets T t, then extract itself received or transmitted packets R t , get a data pair (T t , R t ).
  • the sink node In the same manner as step 102, in order to implement the above steps, the sink node needs to count the number of packets R t that it has received or sent while receiving the message.
  • the sink node calculates the LSP according to the obtained data pair (T t , t ) and the data pair (T 15 R t —i ) obtained when the last OAM frame for the packet loss rate monitoring is received. Packet loss rate.
  • the calculation in this step is the same as the calculation described in step 103, that is, the packet loss rate is calculated by using equations (1) and (2).
  • the OAM domain egress node will capture the OAM frame in the domain at a location near the transmit buffer queue.
  • the method described in this embodiment shows that the source node of the LSP sends the packet statistics information through the extended intra-domain OAM frame, the intra-domain CV frame, or the intra-domain FFD frame for the packet loss rate monitoring—the OAM domain ingress node has been sent or The number of received packets is sent to the eAM domain egress node, so that the OAM domain egress node can calculate the number of packets received or sent by the eNode domain and the number of packets sent or received by the ingress node.
  • Current packet loss rate in OAM This approach is not only simple, but also very small changes to existing label switching networks.

Description

监测丟包率的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及标签交换技术, 特别涉及在标签交换网络中以及分域管 理的标签交换网络中监测丢包率的方法。 发明背景
作为下一代网络(NGN ) 的关键技术, 多协议标签交换(MPLS ) 技术在 IP网络中扮演的角色越来越重要。 目前, MPLS技术通过进一步 改造, 巳逐渐演变成为通用 MPLS ( GMPLS )技术。 GMPLS技术可以 应用到以太网等分組包交换网络中。 这些分组包交换网可统称为标签交 换网络。
由于丟包率是体现网络性能的一个重要指标 , 能够反映网络对业务 的服务质量, 因此, 如何在标签交换网络中监测丢包率已经逐渐成为标 签交换网络一个亟待解决的问题。 发明内容
本发明提供一种在标签交换网络中监测丟包率的方法, 可以及时、 准确地获得标签交换网络中标签交换路径 ( LSP ) 的丢包率指标。
本发明还提供了一种在分域管理的标签交换网络监测丢包率的方 法, 可以及时、 准确地计算得到标签交换网络 LSP各个操作维护管理域 ( OAM )域的丢包率指标。
根据本发明的第一方面,在标签交换网络中监测丢包率的方法包括: 在标签交换路径 LSP的源节点向宿节点发送携带有报文统计信息的 OAM帧; 以及 所述宿节点接收并解析所述 OAM帧,从中提取所述报文统计信息, 并根据所述报文统计信息计算所述 LSP的丢包率。
其中, 所述报文统计信息为所述源节点已发送的报文数 Tt;
所述计算包括: '
所述宿节点从所接收 OAM报文中提取源节点巳发送的报文数 Tt 后, 获取自身已接收的报文数 Rt, 得到一个数据对(Tt, Rt )并存储; 宿节点读取上一次接收到用于丟包率监测的 OAM帧时获得的数据 对(Tw,— Rt-i );
分別计算所述两个数据对对应项之间差值的绝对值, 得到在连续两 次接收到用于丟包率监测的 OAM帧的时间内, 所述源节点共发出的报 文数 iTt-T 以及所述宿节点共接收到的报文数 iRt-Rt— 1|;并计算所述源节 点共发出的报文数及宿节点共接收的报文数之差, 得到在连续两次接收 到用于丢包率监测的 OAM帧的时间内的丢包数 ITt-T HRt-Rnl;
使用计算得到的丢包数除以所述源节点共发出的报文数, 得到在连 续两次接收到用于丟包率监测的 OAM帧的时间内该 LSP的丢包率。
才艮据本发明的另一方面, 在分域管理的标签交换网络中监测丟包率 的方法包括如下步骤:
•在标签交换路径上指定一个或多个操作维护管理 OAM域, 并确定 各个 OAM域的入口节点和出口节点;
每个 OAM域的入口节点向该 OAM域的出口节点发送携带有报文 统计信息的域内 OAM帧; 以及
所述出口节点接收并解析所述域内 OAM帧, 从中提取所述寺艮文统 计信息, 并根据所述报文统计信息计算本 OAM域的丢包率。
其中 , 所述报文统计信息为所述 OAM域入口节点已发送或已接收 的报文数 Tt; 所述计算包括:
所述 OAM域的出口节点从所接收域内 OAM报文中提取所述入口 节点已发送或已接收的报文数 Tt后,获取自身已接收或已发送的报文数 Rt, 得到一个数据对(Tt, Rt ) 并存储;
所述 OAM域的出口节点读取上一次接收到域内 OAM帧时获得的 数据对(Tt— Rt-! );
分別计算所述两个数据对对应项之间差值的.绝对值, 得到在连续两 次接收到用于丢包率监测的 OAM帧的时间内, 所述入口节点共发出或 共接收的报文数 |Tt-Tt- 1|以及宿节点共接收或共发出的报文数 |Rt- — i|;并 计算所述入口节^共发出或共接收的报文数及出口节点共接收或共发 出的报文数之差, 得到在连续两次接收到用于丢包率监测的 OAM帧的 时间内的丢包数 ITrU-IRt-Rt— .
使用计算得到的丢包数除以所述入口节点共发出或共接收的报文 数,得到在连续两次接收到用于丟包率监测的 OAM帧的时间内本 OAM 域内的丟包率。
由此可以看出, 本发明所述的方法利用扩展的 OAM帧, 包括: 新 定义的用于丢包率监测的 OAM帧、 ςΝ帧或 FFD帧将 LSP源节点统计 的才艮文统计信息发送给宿节点, 使得宿节点可以及时获得上游节点的报 文统计信息, 计算出所述丢包率。 这种方法不仅及时、 准确、 实现筒单, 而且也减少了标签交换网络中为传送报文统计信息所占用的带宽 f网 络资源。
另夕卜, 本发明还对分域管理的标签交换网络提供了丢包率的监测方 法, 可对 LSP在某个 OAM域内的一段的丟包率进行监测, 因而能够方 便地确定标签交换网络中各部分的性能和可靠性,以便在 LSP性能恶化 的时候, 进行责任认定。 附图简要说明
+ 图 1为本发明优选实施例 1所述通过扩展的 OAM帧进行丢包率监 测的方法流程图;
图 2为本发明优选实施例 1所述的标签交换网络中的 LSP示意图; 图 3为本发明优选实施例 2所述通过 CV帧进行丟包率监测的方法 流程图; .
图 4为本发明优选实施例 3所述的标签交换网络中分域管理的 LSP 示意图;
图 5为本发明优选实施例 3所述通过扩展的域内 OAM帧对 LSP的 OAM域进行丟包率监测的方法。 实施本发明的方式
为了在标签交换网络中监测 LSP 的丢包率, 本发明主要通过 LSP 的源节点向宿节点发送的 OAM帧来传递报文统计信息, 在接收到来自 LSP源节点发送的 OAM帧后, 所述宿节点根据其中携带的报文统计信 息来确定丢包率。 下面将通过本发明的优选实施例详细说明本发明的方' 法。
实施例 1:
在本实施例所述的方法中, 可以通过对现有 OAM帧进行扩展来传 递所述才艮文统计信息。 所述广展的具体方法为: 定义一个新的 OAM类 型, 用于标识用于丢包率监测的 OAM帧, 通过在现有 OAM帧结构中 的类型字段中使用新定义的 OAM类型来唯一标识这种用于丢包率监测 的 OAM帧, 同时定义该 OAM帧结构中的另一个字段为报文统计字段, 用来携带所述 文统计信息。 本实施例中, 所述报文统 i十信息为 LSP 的源节点已发送的报文数。
通过上述扩展 OAM帧进行丟包率监测的方法如图 1所示, 主要包 括以下步骤:
101、 LSP的源节点发送用于丢包率监测的 OAM帧到该 LSP的宿 节点, 并在所述 OAM帧中携带所述源节点已发送的报文数 Tt
如前所述, 源节点在所发送的 OAM帧的类型字段中使用新定义的 OAM帧类型来标识当前的 OAM帧用于丢包率监测, 并且在所述 OAM 帧的报文统计字段中携带所述已发送的报文数 Tt。 '
102、所述宿节点接收到所述用于丢包率监测的 OAM帧后,提取其 中携带的源节点已发送的报文数 Tt, 然后提取自身已接收的报文数 Rt, 获得一个数据对(Tt, Rt )。 .
为了实现上述步驟, 所述宿节点在接收报文的同时还需要统计自身 已接收的报文数 。
103、 所述宿节点根据获得的数据对(Tt, Rt )以及在上一次接收到 用于丢包率监测的 OAM帧时获得的数据对 ( Tt-!, Rt- i )计算该 LSP的 丢包率。
本步骤所述计算采用如下公式 (1 )和公式(2 ) 实现:
丢包数(Packet Loss ) = iTrTt-i |Rr t-i| ( 1 ) 丢包率( Packet Loss Rate ) = Racket Loss/|Tt-Tt-i| ( 2 ) 另外, 为了避免宿节点接口处的緩存可能造成的计算误差, LSP宿 节点将在靠近发送緩存队列发送数据包的位置捕获所述用于丟包率监 测的 OAM帧。
在本实施例中, LSP的.源节点通过扩展的 OAM帧将报文统计信息 一一 LSP源节点已发送的报文数发送给宿节点, 这样, 所述宿节点就可 以根据自身已接收的报文数以及源节点巳发送的报文数计算出该 LSP 当前的丢包率了。 由此可以看出, 本实施例所述的方法不仅可以及时、 准确地监测出 LSP当前的丢包率, 而且实现筒单, 对现有标签交换网络 的改动极小。
下面结合图 2举例说明本实施例所述的方法。 在图 2中, LSP A— >B— >C->D->E的源节点 A定时向宿节点 E发送扩展的用于丢包率 监测的 OAM帧 , 并在其中的报文统计字段中携带自身已发送的报文数 Tt; 所述扩展的 OAM帧穿过节点 B、 C、 D后到达宿节点 E。 宿节点 E 监测到扩展的 OAM帧后捕获该帧, 从其中的报文统计字段中取出源节 点 A已发送的报文数 Tt,再提取自身已接收的报文数 Rt,获得一个数据 对 (Tt, Rt ), 然后根据获得的数据对 (Tt, Rt ) 以及在上一次接收到用 于丟包率监测的 OAM帧时获得的数据对(Tt— Rt-j )通过公式(1 ) 和公式 ( 2 )计算得到该 LSP的丟包率。
实施例 2: . . 除了通过对现有 OAM帧进行扩展的方法之外, 还可以利用其他类 型的 OAM帧进行丢'包率监测。 本实施例给出了利用现有的连通性校验 ( CV )帧或快速故障检测 (FFD )帧作为 OAM帧来传递所述报文统计 信息的方法。. '
在标签交换网络中, 为了检测已建立 LSP的状态, LSP的源节点会 定期向宿节点发送 CV帧或 FFD帧, LSP的宿节点将根据是否定期接收 到源节点发送的 CV帧或 FFD帧来判断 LSP是否正常。所述源节点发送 CV帧或 FF.D帧的时间间隔可以是数毫秒到数秒。 例如,对于 FFD帧而 言, 其发送的时间间隔最小可以为 10ms。 因此, 所述源节点也可以利用 CV帧或 FFD帧将所迷^ =艮文统计信息传递给宿节点。
在目前定义的 CV帧和 FFD 帧结构中, CV帧有 18 字节的填充 ( Padding )字段, FFD帧有 17字节的 Padding字段, 所述填充字段尚 未定义具体的含义, '使用 Padding字段主要目的是为了使不同 OAM帧 具有相同的长度。由于现有的 CV帧或 FFD帧无法携带所述报文统计信 息, 本实施例对现有的 CV帧或 FFD帧进行了扩展, 即将 CV帧或 FFD 帧 Padding字段中的一部分字节定义为一个新的报文统计字段, 用于携 带所述报文统计信息。 这样, 宿节点就可以根据所述 CV帧或 FFD帧携 带的报文统计信息计算 LSP的丢包率了。
下面以 CV帧为例详细说明本实施例的方法。 需要说明的是, 本实 施例所述的报文统计信息为源节点已发送的报文数。该方法如图 3所示, 主要包括: .
301、 LSP的源节点定期发送 CV帧到该 LSP的宿节点, 并在所述 CV帧中携带源节点已发送的报文数 Tt
如前所述, 所述源节点已发送的报文数 Tt由在 CV帧的 Padding字 段中扩展的报文统计字段承载。
- 302、所述宿节点接收到所述 CV帧后,提取其报文统计字段中携带 的源节点已发送的报文数 Tt, 然后提取自身巳接收的报文数 Rt, 获得一 个数据对(Tt, Rt )。
与步骤 102相同, 所述宿节点在接收报文的同时还需要统计自身已 接收的报文数 Rt
303、 所述宿节点根据获得的数据对(Tt, Rt )以及在上一次接收到 用于丢包率监测的 CV帧时获得的数据对 ( Tt-1 ? Rt- 1 )计算该 LSP的丢 包率。
本步驟所述计算与步骤 103 所述的计算相同, 即利用公式(1 )和 公式(2 )计算得到所述丢包率。
通过 FFD帧监测丟包率的处理过程与上述过程基本相同,在此就不 再赘述了。
同样, 为了避免宿节点接口处缓存可能造成的计算误差, LSP宿节 点将在靠近发送緩存队列发送数据包的位置捕获所述 CV帧或 FED帧。
在本实施例中, LSP的源节点通过扩展的 CV帧或 FFD帧将报文统 计信息一一 LSP源节点已发送的报文数发送给宿节点, 这样, 所迷宿节 点就可以根据自身已接收的报文数以及源节点巳发送的报文数计算出 该 LSP当前的丟包率了。由此可以看出,本实施例所述的方法可以及时、 准确地监测出 LSP当前的丟包率, 并且实现筒单, 对现有标签交换网络 的改动极小。 , 实施例 3:
本实施例描述了在对 LSP进行分域管理的情况下, 在 LSP的各个 OAM域内分别实现丢包率监测的方法。
在对 LSP进行分域管理时, LSP上将被预先指定一个或多个 OAM 域, 同时确定各个 OAM域的入口节点和出口节点。 所述 OAM域可以 与 LSP的路由域一致, 此时所述 OAM域在所述路由域形成的时候自然 形成。 所述 OAM域也可以不与所述路由域一致, 此时可以通过配置参 指定每个 OAM域及其入口节点和出口节点。 ' '
如图 4所示, 标签交换网络中的节点八、 B、 C、 G构成一个 OAM 域, 其中, 节点 A是该 OAM域的入 节点, 节点 C是该 OAM域的出 口节点, LSPA->B->C为工作 LSP, LSPA->G->C为保护 LSP; 节点 C、
D、. E、 F构成另一个 OAM域, 其中, 节点 C是该 OAM域的入口节点, 节点 E是该 OAM域的出口节点, LSP C->D->E为工作 LSP , LSP C->F->E 为保护 LSP。 可以看出, 节点 C同时属于 2个 OAM域。
对于进行分域管理的 LSP , 该 LSP上的各个 OAM域可以通过新 定义的域内 OAM帧来实现 LSP的分域管理。 具体来讲, 通过在每个 OAM域入口节点插入携带有管理信息的域内 OAM帧, OAM域的出口 节点将接收并解析所述域内 OAM帧, 并按该域内 OAM帧携带的管理 信息管理本 OAM域。
与端对端的 OAM帧一致, 所述域内 OAM帧也将包括 OAM标签 和 OAM净荷两个部分, 其封装格式是在 LSP的标签内部再压入一层域 内 OAM标签并携带 OAM净荷来实现.的。 所述 OAM标签的格式与 MPLS的标签格式相同, 分为 4个字段: labei、 exp、 s、 ttl, 其中 label 字段为一个用来识别该数据帧为域内的 OAM帧的特殊数值, 例如, 采 用 MPLS预留的标签值 13 , 以区別于端对端 OAM帧,根据 MPLS协议 规定端对端 OAM帧的标签值为 14。 其他, exp、 s、 ttl字段的含义与现 有 MPLS标签的定义相同, '具体内容奇参见 RPC3032。 OAM净荷部分 按照其功能的不同可以包含多种类型的管理信息, 例如, 可以包含目前 各标准組织定义的各种端到端的 OAM类型。 除此之外, 域内 OAM帧 净荷中还应当包含有 OAM域的标识, 用以区分不同的 OAM域。
在本实施例所述的方法中就是利用域内 OAM来传递所述报文统计 信息的.。 本实施例所述的域内 OAM帧可以是域内的 CV帧或域内 FFD 帧, 也可以是扩展的新类型的域内 OAM帧。 需要在域内 CV帧或域内 FFD帧的 Padding字段中增加一个报文统计字 段, 使用该艮文统计字段承载所述艮文统计信息。
如果使用扩展的新类型的域内 OAM帧, 则需要首先定义一个新的 用于丢包率监测的域内 OAM类型, 并在域内 OAM帧结构的类型字段 中使用新定义的域内 OAM 类型来唯一标识用于丢包率监测的域内 ΌΑΜ帧, 同时定义该域内 OAM帧结构中的另一个字段为报文统计字 段, 用于携带所述报文统计信息。
在本实施例中, 所述报文统计信息为 LSP上一个 OAM域入口节点 已接收或已发送的报文数 Tt。 由于 LSP上某些 OAM域的入口节点仅仅 进行报文的转发, 因此, 所述报文统计信息也可以是该 OAM域入口节 点所接收的报文数。
通过上述扩展的域内 OAM帧进行丟包率监测的方法如图 5'所示, 主要包括:
501、 在 OAM域的入口节点插入域内 OAM帧, 并在其中携带该 OAM域入口节点已发送或已接收的报文数 Tt
在本步驟中, 如前所述, 所述域内 OAM帧可以是使用特定 OAM 类型标识的用于丢包率监测的域内 'OAM帧, 此时, 所述 OAM域入口 节点已发送或已接收的报文数 Tt将由该域内 OAM帧的报文统计字段承 载; 另外, 所述域内 OAM帧还可以是域内 CV帧或域内 FFD帧,此时, 所迷 OAM域入口节点已发送或已接收或的报文数 Tt将由该域内 CV帧 或域 F¾ FFD帧的 Padding字段中新定义的报文统计字段承载。 502、 该 OAM域的出口节点检测到域内 OAM帧后, 从中提取出该 OAM域入口节点已发送或已接收的报文数 Tt, 然后, 提取自身已接收 或已发送的报文数 Rt, 获得一个数据对(Tt, Rt )。
与步驟 102相同, 为了实现上述步骤, 所述宿节点在接收报文的同 时还需要统计自身已接收或已发送的报文数 Rt
503、 所述宿节点根据获得的数据对(Tt, t )以及在上一次接收到 用于丢包率监测的域内 OAM 帧时获得的数据对(T 15 Rt-i )计算该 LSP的丢包率。
本步骤所述计算与步驟 103 所述的计算相同, 即利用公式(1 )和 公式(2 )计算得到所述丟包率。
同样, 为了避免 OAM域出口节点接口处的緩存可能造成的计算误 差, 该 OAM域出口节点将在靠近发送緩存队列发送数据包的位置捕获 所述域内 OAM帧。
本实施例所述的方法可以看出, LSP的源节点通过扩展的用于丟 包率监测的域内 OAM帧、 域内 CV帧或域内 FFD帧将报文统计信息一 — OAM域入口节点已发送或已接收的报文数发送给该 OAM域出口节 点, 这样, 所述 OAM域出口节点则可以根据自身已接收或已发送的报 文数以及入口节点已发送或已接收的报文数计算出该 OAM内当前的丟 包率。这种方法不但简单易行,并且对现有标签交换网络的改动非常小。
显然, 本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱 离本发明的精神和范围。 这样, 倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发 明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内, 则本发明也意图包含这些改动和 变型在内。

Claims

权利要求书 一种在标签交换网络中监测丢包率的方法, 其特征在于, 包括如 下步骤: . .
在标签交换路径 LSP的源节点向宿节点发送携带有报文统计信息的 OAM帧; 以及
所述宿节点接收并解析所述 OAM帧,从中提取所述报文统计信息, 并根据所述报文统计信息计算所述 LSP的丟包率。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述 OAM帧为用于 丟包率监测的 OAM帧, 包括:唯一标识自身为用于丢包率监测的 OAM 帧的类型字段以及用于携带报文统计信息的报文统计字段。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述 OAM帧为包括 报文统计字段的连通性校验 CV帧, 所述报文统计字段通过扩展 CV帧 的填充字段得到。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述 OAM帧为包括 报文统计字段的快速故障检测 FFD帧,所述报文统计字段通过扩展 FFD 帧的填充字段得到。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述接收为: 宿节点 在发送緩存队列中靠近发送数据包的位置捕获所述 OAM帧。
6、根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所迷报文统计信息为 所述源节点已发送的报文数 Tt; '
所述计算包括:
' 所述宿节点从所接收 OAM报文中提取源节点已发送的报文数 Tt 后, 获取自身已接收^报文数 Rt, 得到一个数据对(Tt, Rt ) 并存储; ' 宿节点读取上一次接收到用于丢包率监测的 OAM帧时获得的数据 对(Ttt-i );
•分别计算所述两个数据对对应项之间差值的绝对值, 得到在连续两 次接收到用于丟包率监测的 OAM帧的时间内, 所述源节点共发出的报 文数 |Tt-Tt- J以及所述宿节点共接收到的报文数 1 - — i|; '并计算所述源节 点共发出的报文数及宿节点共接收的报文数之差, 得到在连续两次接收 到用于丟包率监测的 OAM帧的时间内的丟包数 |TrTt— iHRt-Rt- il;
使用计算得到的丟包数除以所述源节点共发出的报文数, 得到在连 续两次接收到用于丟包率监测的 OAM帧的时间内该 LSP的丢包率。
7、 .一种在分域管理的标签交换网络中监测丟包率的方法,其特征在 于, 包括如下步骤: '
在标签交换路径上指定一个或多个操作维护管理 OAM域, 并确定 各个 OAM域的入口节点和出口节点;
每个 OAM域的入口节点向该 OAM域的出口节点发送携带有报文 统计信息的域内 OAM帧; 以及
所述出口节点接收并解析所述域内 OAM帧, 从中提取所述报文统 计信息, 并根据所述报文统计信息计算本 OAM域的丟包率。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述威内 OAM帧为 用于丢包率监测的域内. OAM帧, 包括: 唯一标识自身为用于丟包率监 测的域内 OAM帧的类型字段以及用于携带报文统计信息的报文统计字 段。 ' -
9、 根据权利要求 7所述的方法., 其特征在于, 所述域内 OAM帧为' 包括报文统计字段的域内连通性校验 CV帧, 所述报文统计字段通过扩 展所述域内 CV帧的填充字段得到。
- 10、 根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述域内 OAM帧 为包括报文统计字段的域内快速故障检测 FFD帧,所述报文统计字段通 过扩展所述域内 FFD帧的填充字段得到。
11、 根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述接收为: OAM 域的出口节点在发送緩存队列中靠近发送数据包的位置捕获所述域内 OAM帧。
12、 根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述报文统计信息 为所述 .OAM域入口节点已发送或已接收的报文数 Tt;
所述计算包括:
所述 OAM域的出口节点从所接收域内 OAM报文中提取所述入口 节点已发送或已接收的报文数 Tt后,获取自身已接收或已发送的报文数 Rt, 得到一个数据对(Tt, Rt )并存储;
所述 OAM域的出口节点读取上一次接收到域内 OAM帧时获得的 数据对(Tt— ¾-! );
分别计算所述两个数据对对应项之间差值的绝对值, 得到在连续两 次接收到用于丢包率监测的 OAM帧的时间内 , 所述入口节点共发出或 共接收的报文数 jTrU以及宿节点共接收或共发出的报文数 |RrRt— 1;并 计算所述入口节点共发出或共接收的报文数及出口节点共接收或共发 出的报文数之差, 得到在连续两次接收到用于丟包率监测的 OAM帧的 时间内
Figure imgf000015_0001
使用计算得到的丟包数除以所述入口节点共发出或共接收的报文 数,得到在连续两次接收到用于丟包率监测的 OAM帧的时间内本 OAM 域内的丢包率。
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