WO2006101624A2 - Automatic power adjustment in powerline home network - Google Patents
Automatic power adjustment in powerline home network Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006101624A2 WO2006101624A2 PCT/US2006/005302 US2006005302W WO2006101624A2 WO 2006101624 A2 WO2006101624 A2 WO 2006101624A2 US 2006005302 W US2006005302 W US 2006005302W WO 2006101624 A2 WO2006101624 A2 WO 2006101624A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metric
- server
- client device
- reception
- transmitted signal
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 32
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
- H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/2803—Home automation networks
- H04L12/2816—Controlling appliance services of a home automation network by calling their functionalities
- H04L12/282—Controlling appliance services of a home automation network by calling their functionalities based on user interaction within the home
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
- H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
- H04B2203/5404—Methods of transmitting or receiving signals via power distribution lines
- H04B2203/5425—Methods of transmitting or receiving signals via power distribution lines improving S/N by matching impedance, noise reduction, gain control
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
- H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
- H04B2203/5429—Applications for powerline communications
- H04B2203/5445—Local network
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
- H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
- H04B2203/5429—Applications for powerline communications
- H04B2203/545—Audio/video application, e.g. interphone
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/2803—Home automation networks
- H04L2012/2847—Home automation networks characterised by the type of home appliance used
- H04L2012/285—Generic home appliances, e.g. refrigerators
Definitions
- method includes initially establishing a high value for transmitted signal power, and then
- the power level based on a reception metric such as the SNR at the associated receiver.
- the gain level of the automatic gain control (AGC) of its associated receiver may be used.
- AGC setting indicates that the signal is weak, in which case the associated transmitter
- the device 300 The device 300.
Abstract
Transmission power from a home entertainment system server (2, 4) to a client entertainment device (3, 5) in a powerline network (1) is established such that SNR or other reception metric at the receiver is maintained between upper and lower thresholds.
Description
AUTOMATIC POWER ADJUSTMENT IN POWERLINE HOME NETWORK
I. FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to home entertainment networks.
IL BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The use of home entertainment networks is growing. In home entertainment networks,
audio- video products, PCs, and other electronic appliances can be connected to, e.g., a central
server to communicate each other. A power line network, in which communication between
the various components is afforded through the wires of the ac power grid of the house,
frequently is regarded as a backbone of home network system.
An important issue for powerline networks is the distance a powerline network signal
reaches. Specifically, it is desired that a network signal have relatively long range especially
in the case of a large home. As understood herein, however, many powerline networks afford
relatively short distance communication, which is not necessarily unacceptable because a
network server and a TV monitor are often placed nearby each other and share the same power
outlet, so that, by using a powerline network, no conventional audio/video cables are required
to connect local devices together. Nevertheless, when a controlled device such as a TV
monitor is placed on the opposite side of a large home from a server, relatively large
transmission power at the server is required to push the audio-video signal through the power
lines of the house.
As further understood herein, however, using the regulatory maximum permissible
transmission power to ensure adequate reception at relatively distant network components
wastes energy when the receiving device is located only a few feet away from the transmitting
device. Furthermore, excessively large transmission power can cause unwanted distortion in
the signal. Moreover, excessive transmission power completely occupies time or frequency
access slots in the powerline network so that no other remote device can simultaneously use
the slots.
Currently, a powerline network may employ OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division
Multiplex), in which hundreds of sub-carriers between 1 and 30 MHz are modulated and
transmitted to the receiver. The type of specific modulation used in the network can depend
on the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of one or more sub-carriers, with the present invention
critically recognizing that SNR depends on powerline layout and transmission condition and
can vary when, e.g. , other devices within the powerline network are energized or deenergized.
When SNR is good, QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) can be used, but for lower
SNR a more robust modulation, for example, QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying)
modulation may be selected. However, varying modulation technique does not address the
above-noted problems in attaining the optimum amplitude of transmitted power.
With the above critical recognitions hi mind, the invention herein is provided.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A home entertainment system includes at least one server and at least one client device
communicating with the server over a home entertainment network. Logic is executable by
the server and/or client device for maintaining multimedia stream transmitted power at the
minimum necessary to maintain a reception metric at the client device between upper and
lower values.
The metric may be, e.g., SNR or automatic gain adjust setting. The client device may
generate a tone map that represents plural individual metric elements, each element being
associated with a respective sub-carrier frequency. The tone map can be sent to the server for
determining an average metric to use as the reception metric. In this case, the server sends
test tones to the client device and the client device generates the tone map based thereon. The
metric elements can be SNRs associated with respective sub-carrier frequencies. Or, the client
device can determine the reception metric and based thereon generate a command to the server
to establish the transmitted power. The network can be a powerline network.
In another aspect, a method is disclosed in a powerline network of establishing
transmitted signal power from a transmitter of an entertainment data stream to a receiver. The
method includes initially establishing a high value for transmitted signal power, and then
sending at least one tone to the receiver. From the tone, a first reception metric value is
determined. If the first reception metric value does not exceed an upper threshold, transmitted
signal power is left unchanged, but otherwise power is decreased. Another tone is sent and
a second reception metric value is determined. If a lower threshold is less than the second
reception metric, transmitted signal power is left unchanged, but otherwise power is increased.
In still another aspect, a home entertainment network includes a source of multimedia
data streams, a player of streams communicating with the source via the network, and means
for establishing transmitted signal power at the source for at least one multimedia stream based
on at least one reception metric at the player.
The details of the present invention, both as to its structure and operation, can best be
understood in reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals refer
to like parts, and in which:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a block diagram of a home entertainment system in which the present
method for automatic transmission power adjust can be used;
Figure 2 is a flow chart of illustrative logic; and
Figure 3 is a block diagram of a non-limiting transmitter and receiver that may be
implemented.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Figure 1 illustrates an example of a non-limiting powerline home network 1 , which can
interconnect a video server 2, a television set 3 that may be considered to be a "client" of the
video server 2, an audio server 4, and an audio system 5 that may be considered to be a
"client" of the audio server 4. The video server 2 sends an audio/video or other multimedia
stream to a TV set 3, which in the embodiment shown is placed physically close (within a few
feet or yards) to the video server. In contrast, the audio server 4 sends a multimedia stream
such as an audio stream to the audio system 5, which is physically located next to the audio
server, with the audio 4, 5 and video 2, 3 components being tens of yards distanced from each
other hi the non-limiting embodiment shown.
Now referring to Figure 2, according to the present invention a transmitter in the
network 1 (e.g. , the video server 2 or audio server 4) adjusts the amplitude of its transmission
power level based on a reception metric such as the SNR at the associated receiver. The
reception metric might be represented by, e.g. , a tone map or command sent from the
associated receiver (e.g., the TV 3 or audio system 5). When, for example, SNR is used as
the reception metric, and when the average SNR across some or all sub-channels is good, the
power lever is stepped down until the SNR goes below a first threshold. On the other hand,
when average SNR is poor, power level is stepped up until the SNR rises more than the second
threshold.
With greater specificity, Figure 2 shows an example of the control flow chart of the
present logic. The process starts with block 100. At block 101, transmission power level is
set to the maximum. At decision diamond 102, it is determined whether data transmission,
for example, streaming, is in progress. If not, the whole process terminates at block 103. If
transmission is in progress on the other hand, the transmitter sends test tones to the associated
receiver at block 104.
At decision diamond 105, the process waits until a tone map arrives from the receiver.
It is to be understood that the tone map is generated by the receiver using the test tones sent
by the transmitter, with the tone map representing the reception metrics of the test tones on
the various sub-channels. When a tone map is received, the logic moves to block 106. At
block 106, the tone map is evaluated. Here, in one non-limiting embodiment some or all
SNRs for each sub-carrier can be averaged.
Proceeding to decision diamond 107, the averaged SNR is compared with a first
threshold. If it is larger than the first threshold, the transmission power is incrementally
stepped down, for example, -2dB at block 108. Then, the logic returns to decision diamond
102. This loop is repeated until the averaged SNR is reduced to below the first threshold.
When it is determined at decision diamond 107 that the averaged SNR is not larger
than the first threshold, the logic proceeds to decision diamond 109, where the averaged SNR
is compared with a second threshold that is smaller than the first threshold. If the SNR is not
smaller than the second threshold, the logic moves from decision diamond 109 to block 112
to wait for a certain time. This wait routine prevents too-frequent tone tests. At the elapse
of the wait period, the process loops back to decision diamond 102. In contrast, if it is
determined at decision diamond 109 that the averaged SNR is smaller than the second
threshold, the process proceeds to decision diamond 110 to determine whether the current
transmission power level is already at the maximum level, and if so the process moves to the
wait routine in block 112 and then returns to decision diamond 102. If it is determined at
decision diamond 110 that the power level is not at the maximum, the power level is increased
incrementally, e.g., by +2dB. Then the process returns to decision diamond 102. In this way,
transmission power level is adjusted so that it stays between the first and second thresholds,
i.e. , a network transmitter continuously adjusts transmission power level so that the associated
receiver can receive the signal in good condition, whether the receiver is close or remote,
without using excessive power.
When a power consuming appliance (for example heater, oven, laundry dryer, etc.) is
turned on, impedance of the power line decreases and the powerline signal gets more
attenuated. Even in such a case, the present network transmitter will increase transmission
power up to an optimal level. By adjusting transmission power level optimally, not only will
excessive energy be saved but remote devices can share the same time or frequency access
slots, since the power level of a signal sent from a transmitter to its receiver is only so large
as to effect good communications between the two but not so large as to unduly interfere with
other transmitter-receiver pairs.
For instance, once again referencing Figure 1, the video server 2 sends a data stream
to its associated TV set 3, while the audio server 4 sends a separate data stream to its
associated audio system 5. Without the present invention, the servers 2, 4 cannot feasibly
share the same time slot or frequency slot (sub-carrier), because they would be expected to
maximize transmitted power and, hence, interfere with each other. However, if the video
devices (2 and 3) are far from the audio devices (4 and 5), the video stream, held under the
higher threshold, will be sufficiently attenuated before it arrives at the audio devices to unduly
interfere with them. As a consequence, the same time or frequency slot may be shared
(reused) by both servers 2, 4. In this way, transmission power adjustment improves network
bandwidth
In alternate embodiments, the receiver may perform the SNR evaluation, in which case
the receiver sends a command to its associated transmitter to cause the transmitter to increase
or decrease transmission power level in accordance with principles above. Further, instead
of evaluating SNR, other reception metrics may be evaluated. For example, instead of SNRs,
the gain level of the automatic gain control (AGC) of its associated receiver may be used.
When an incoming signal is enough strong, the AGC gain is small. In this case, the
transmitter steps down power level. When AGC gain is large, on the other hand, the large
AGC setting indicates that the signal is weak, in which case the associated transmitter
increases power level. Additionally, while powerline networks are the focus of the discussion
above, the present principles apply to other wired or wireless networks, for example, 802.11 or Ethernet.
Non-limiting embodiments of a transmitter and receiver that may be used in the present
invention are shown for illustration in Figure 3. Component 200 may be the above-described
video server 2, while component 300 may be the above-described TV set 3. It is to be
understood that for clarity, blocks that are not material (ex. audio/video encoder) are not
shown. Starting with the component 200, a MAC (Media Access Control) block 206
packetizes the audio/video stream from a stream data input 205 and sends the stream to a PHY
(physical layer) block 207. In the PHY block 207, the data is split to each OFDM sub-carrier
and modulated. The results are inverse fast Fourier transformed. The IFFTed signal is
digital-to-analog converted in a digital to analog (D/A) converter 208 and band-pass-filtered
in a transmit filter 209. The result is amplified in a transmission amplifier 210 and sent to a
coupler 212 through a transmit/receive (TX/RX) switch 211. The signal is sent through the
power plug 216 to the power line 1 to the device 300.
The gain of the transmission amplifier 210 can be controlled as described below. The
TX/RX switch 211 is closed for transmission and open when the device 200 receives data from
the device 300.
Incoming data is received by the coupler 212 and band-pass-filtered in a receive filter
213. The result is amplified in a receive amplifier 214, analog-digital converted hi an analog
to digital convert 215, and sent to the PHY block 207. The receive amplifier 214 is
automatically gain controlled (AGCed) so the signal level is optimal. In the PHY block 207,
the signal is fast Fourier transformed and demodulated. The data split to each sub-carrier is
combined and the result sent to the MAC block 206, where it is de-packetized and sent out to
the terminal 205.
A CPU 201 can control each block through an internal bus 217 by, e.g., executing a software
program stored in a read only memory 202. The CPU 201 can use a random access memory
203 for temporary storage.
The receiving component 300 has identical blocks to the transmitting component 200
as shown, with the last two digits of the reference numerals in the 300 series corresponding
to the same last two digits of the reference numerals in the 200 series.
Relating the non-limiting transmitter 200 and receiver 300 shown in Figure 3 to the
flow chart of Figure 2, the gain of the transmission amplifier 210 is set to an initial value. At
block 108 of Figure 2, the gain of the transmission amplifier 210 is incrementally reduced as
discussed above. Also, at block 111 in Figure 2, the gain of the transmission amplifier 210
is incrementally increased. Note that the receiver amplifier 314 in the receiver device 300 is
AGCed and the gain is always adjusted to an optimal level. If the transmission power is too
large, the gain of the receiver amplifier 314 is set low. As the transmission gain of the
transmission amplifier 210 is reduced, the gain of the receiver amplifier 314 increases and
reaches the maximum level. When the gain of the receiver amplifier 314 reaches the
maximum and still a good SNR is obtained, the gain of the transmission amplifier 210 is
reduced further. When SNR is poor and the transmission gam of the transmission amplifier
210 is to increase, the gam of the receiver amplifier 314 stays at the maximum level.
When the receiving device 300 sends data back to the transmitting device 200, the
transmission 310 of the receiving device 300 is controlled in the same way, with the
receiving amplifier 214 of the transmitting device being AGCed.
While the particular AUTOMATIC POWER ADJUSTMENT IN POWERLINE
HOME NETWORK as herein shown and described in detail is fully capable of attaining
the above-described objects of the invention, it is to be understood that it is the presently
preferred embodiment of the present invention and is thus representative of the subject
matter which is broadly contemplated by the present invention, that the scope of the present
invention fully encompasses other embodiments which may become obvious to those skilled
in the art, and that the scope of the present invention is accordingly to be limited by
nothing other than the appended claims, in which reference to an element in the singular is
not intended to mean "one and only one" unless explicitly so stated, but rather "one or
more" . It is not necessary for a device or method to address each and every problem
sought to be solved by the present invention, for it to be encompassed by the present
claims. Furthermore, no element, component, or method step in the present disclosure is
intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether the element, component, or
method step is explicitly recited in the claims. Absent express definitions herein, claim
terms are to be given all ordinary and accustomed meanings that are not irreconcilable with
the present specification and file history.
Claims
1. A home entertainment system, comprising:
at least one server (2, 4);
at least one client device (3, 5) communicating with the server (2, 4) over a
home entertainment network (1); and
logic executable by at least one of the server (2, 4) and client device (3, 5)
for establishing multimedia stream transmitted power such that at least one
reception metric at the client device (3, 5) is maintained between upper and lower
values.
2. The system of Claim 1, wherein the metric is SNR.
3. The system of Claim 1, wherein the metric is automatic gain adjust setting.
4. The system of Claim 1, wherein the client device (3, 5) generates a tone map
representative of plural individual metric elements each associated with a respective sub-
carrier frequency, the tone map being sent to the server (2, 4) for determining an average
metric to use as the reception metric.
5. The system of Claim 4, wherein the server (2, 4) sends test tones to the
client device (3, 5), the client device (3, 5) generating the tone map based thereon, the
metric elements being SNRs associated with respective sub-carrier frequencies.
6. The system of Claim 1, wherein the client device (3, 5) determines the
reception metric and based thereon generates a command to the server (2, 4) to establish
the transmitted power.
7. The system of Claim 1, wherein the network (1) is a powerline network.
8. A method in a power line network (1) of establishing transmitted signal
power from a transmitter (2, 4) of an entertainment data stream to a receiver (3, 5),
comprising:
initially establishing a high value for transmitted signal power;
sending at least one tone to the receiver (3, 5);
from the tone, determining at least a first reception metric value;
if the first reception metric value does not exceed an upper threshold, not
changing transmitted signal power but otherwise decreasing transmitted signal
power, sending another tone, and determining a second reception metric value;
if a lower threshold is less than the second reception metric, not changing
transmitted signal power, but otherwise increasing transmitted signal power.
9. The method of Claim 8, further comprising, if the lower threshold is not less
than the second reception metric value and after the act of increasing transmitted signal
power, sending another tone, determining a third reception metric value, and determining
whether the lower threshold is less than the third reception metric value.
10. The method of Claim 8, comprising sending plural tones to the receiver,
each being associated with a respective sub-channel frequency.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2600950A CA2600950C (en) | 2005-03-23 | 2006-02-14 | Automatic power adjustment in powerline home network |
MX2007010164A MX2007010164A (en) | 2005-03-23 | 2006-02-14 | Automatic power adjustment in powerline home network. |
EP06735113.0A EP1861792A4 (en) | 2005-03-23 | 2006-02-14 | Automatic power adjustment in powerline home network |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US66462205P | 2005-03-23 | 2005-03-23 | |
US60/664,622 | 2005-03-23 | ||
US11/146,340 US8126065B2 (en) | 2005-03-23 | 2005-06-06 | Automatic power adjustment in powerline home network |
US11/146,340 | 2005-06-06 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006101624A2 true WO2006101624A2 (en) | 2006-09-28 |
WO2006101624A3 WO2006101624A3 (en) | 2007-10-25 |
Family
ID=37024280
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2006/005302 WO2006101624A2 (en) | 2005-03-23 | 2006-02-14 | Automatic power adjustment in powerline home network |
Country Status (5)
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US (1) | US8126065B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1861792A4 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2600950C (en) |
MX (1) | MX2007010164A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006101624A2 (en) |
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KR101025085B1 (en) | 2003-08-06 | 2011-03-25 | 파나소닉 주식회사 | Master station of communication system and access control method |
JP4356392B2 (en) | 2003-08-07 | 2009-11-04 | パナソニック株式会社 | Communication device |
-
2005
- 2005-06-06 US US11/146,340 patent/US8126065B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2006
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Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20020145968A1 (en) | 2001-02-28 | 2002-10-10 | Hongliang Zhang | Transmit power control for an OFDM-based wireless communication system |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2600950A1 (en) | 2006-09-28 |
CA2600950C (en) | 2013-09-10 |
EP1861792A2 (en) | 2007-12-05 |
US8126065B2 (en) | 2012-02-28 |
US20060218269A1 (en) | 2006-09-28 |
EP1861792A4 (en) | 2013-05-01 |
MX2007010164A (en) | 2007-10-16 |
WO2006101624A3 (en) | 2007-10-25 |
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