WO2006100205A2 - Method and system of introducing physical device security for digitally encoded data - Google Patents

Method and system of introducing physical device security for digitally encoded data Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006100205A2
WO2006100205A2 PCT/EP2006/060796 EP2006060796W WO2006100205A2 WO 2006100205 A2 WO2006100205 A2 WO 2006100205A2 EP 2006060796 W EP2006060796 W EP 2006060796W WO 2006100205 A2 WO2006100205 A2 WO 2006100205A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data storage
storage devices
digital
data
access
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2006/060796
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2006100205A3 (en
Inventor
Kameron Bruce Romines
Michael John Weisskopf
Michael Lindsey Williams
Original Assignee
International Business Machines Corporation
Ibm United Kingdom Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Business Machines Corporation, Ibm United Kingdom Limited filed Critical International Business Machines Corporation
Publication of WO2006100205A2 publication Critical patent/WO2006100205A2/en
Publication of WO2006100205A3 publication Critical patent/WO2006100205A3/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/08—Error detection or correction by redundancy in data representation, e.g. by using checking codes
    • G06F11/10—Adding special bits or symbols to the coded information, e.g. parity check, casting out 9's or 11's
    • G06F11/1076—Parity data used in redundant arrays of independent storages, e.g. in RAID systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60—Protecting data
    • G06F21/62—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules
    • G06F21/6209—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules to a single file or object, e.g. in a secure envelope, encrypted and accessed using a key, or with access control rules appended to the object itself
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2221/00—Indexing scheme relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/21—Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/00 and subgroups addressing additional information or applications relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/2107—File encryption

Definitions

  • the invention relates to data security, and more particularly to data security in striped data systems.
  • Digital security is largely reliant upon software protection, such as PGP.
  • PGP software protection
  • Those systems typically breakdown into digital signatures and username/password solutions.
  • they are single user in nature. That is, any user who has knowledge of the password and private key may gain access to the protected information.
  • the invention described herein provides a method of securing and accessing digital data. This is done by encrypting the digital data with a digital key. Next, the encrypted digital data is striped across a plurality of physical data storage devices, where the digital devices require a key for access to the digital data. Next the digital key is applied to access the encrypted data when all of the physical data storage devices are simultaneously present.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a high level flow chart of the invention, with the steps of encrypting the data with a digital key, striping the encrypted data across a plurality of physical data storage devices that require the digital key for access to the stored data, and applying the digital key to access the encrypted data across all of the physical data storage devices when all of the digital data storage devices are simultaneously present;
  • Figure 2 illustrates the concept of striping where data, illustrated as text data, is encrypted, here simply by breaking the text data into groups of four characters, and then storing the encrypted data into different media;
  • Figure 3 illustrates a system of the invention, with a server, a plurality of physical data storage devices, and data access terminals with means for inserting a storage medium carrying the digital key.
  • the invention provides a method of securing and accessing digital data, as illustrated in Figure 1. This is done by encrypting the digital data with a digital key 101. Next, the encrypted digital data is striped across a plurality of physical data storage devices 103, where the digital devices each require a key for access to the digital data. Finally, the digital key is applied to access the encrypted data when all of the physical data storage devices are simultaneously present to access the data 107.
  • striping a volume means that the volume spans multiple storage media, such as USB devices, flash memories, hard disks, or the like, but that each file is actually spread over the disks in the stripe set.
  • the data 201 illustrated as text data, is encrypted, here simply by breaking the text data into groups of four characters 203, and then the encrypted data is stored or written into different physical data storage devices 205 and 207. This means that performance may be dramatically increased because files are read from and written to multiple hard disks or flash memories simultaneously. For example, if there is a stripe set consisting of three hard disks, then one third of the file would be on each disk.
  • the individual physical data storage devices of the plurality of physical data storage devices are individually removable.
  • a further aspect of the invention is a data storage system 301 having a server 311 and a plurality of separate, individual memory devices 321, 323, and 325. These devices 321, 323, and 325 are adapted for striped storage of encrypted digital data.
  • the individual data storage devices, 312, 323, and 325 are illustrated as disks, but may be USB devices, flash memories, tape drives, or the like.
  • the physical storage devices, 321, 323, and 325 are individually removable.
  • the system also includes means, such as terminals 331 and 335 for simultaneously applying a digital key, e.g., manually by a keyboard or touch screen entry, or by a simple memory devices, 333 and 337, such as a magnetic card or a flash memory card, to access the encrypted data when all of the physical data storage devices, 321, 313, and 325, are simultaneously present.
  • a digital key e.g., manually by a keyboard or touch screen entry
  • a simple memory devices, 333 and 337 such as a magnetic card or a flash memory card
  • the system is for full striping of encrypted data across all of the physical data storage devices. This is so that the digital key is applied to all of the physical storage devices to access the encrypted data only when all of the physical storage devices are simultaneously present. This is accomplished through a hardware or software interlock that precludes access when less then all of the physical storage devices are present.
  • the invention may be implemented, for example, by having the system for securing and accessing digital data, e.g., by encrypting the digital data with a digital key, striping the encrypted data across a plurality of physical data storage devices requiring the key for access to the digital data; and applying the digital key to access the encrypted data when all of the physical data storage devices are simultaneously present.
  • This is accomplished by executing the method as a software application, in a dedicated processor, or in a dedicated processor with dedicated code.
  • the code executes a sequence of machine-readable instructions, which can also be referred to as code. These instructions may reside in various types of signal-bearing media.
  • one aspect of the present invention concerns a program product, comprising a signal-bearing medium or signal-bearing media tangibly embodying a program of machine-readable instructions executable by a digital processing apparatus to perform a method for securing and accessing digital data as a software application.
  • This signal-bearing medium may comprise, for example, memory in a server.
  • the memory in the server may be non-volatile storage, a data disc, or even memory on a vendor server for downloading to a processor for installation.
  • the instructions may be embodied in a signal-bearing medium such as the optical data storage disc.
  • the instructions may be stored on any of a variety of machine-readable data storage mediums or media, which may include, for example, a "hard drive", a RAID array, a RAMAC, a magnetic data storage diskette (such as a floppy disk) , magnetic tape, digital optical tape, RAM, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory, magneto-optical storage, paper punch cards, or any other suitable signal-bearing media including transmission media such as digital and/or analog communications links, which may be electrical, optical, and/or wireless.
  • the machine-readable instructions may comprise software object code, compiled from a language such as "C++", Java, Pascal, ADA, assembler, and the like.
  • program code may, for example, be compressed, encrypted, or both, and may include executable code, script code and wizards for installation, as in Zip code and cab code.
  • machine-readable instructions or code residing in or on signal-bearing media include all of the above means of delivery.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Bioethics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Storage Device Security (AREA)

Abstract

Securing and accessing digital data by encrypting the digital data with a digital key. The encrypted data is striped across a plurality of physical data storage devices. A key is required to access the digital data. This is done by applying the digital key access the encrypted data across all of the physical data storage devices when all of the physical data storage devices are simultaneously present.

Description

METHOD OF INTRODUCING PHYSICAL DEVICE SECURITY FOR DIGITALLY ENCODED DATA
Field Of The Invention
The invention relates to data security, and more particularly to data security in striped data systems.
Background of the Invention
Digital security is largely reliant upon software protection, such as PGP. Those systems typically breakdown into digital signatures and username/password solutions. Typically, they are single user in nature. That is, any user who has knowledge of the password and private key may gain access to the protected information.
Thus, a need exists to be able to secure information such that access to that information requires the actual, physical presence of a set of individuals, that is, a plurality of individuals, so that no subset of less then all of the individuals may access the information.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
These and other problems are obviated by the method, system, and program product described herein. Specifically, the invention described herein provides a method of securing and accessing digital data. This is done by encrypting the digital data with a digital key. Next, the encrypted digital data is striped across a plurality of physical data storage devices, where the digital devices require a key for access to the digital data. Next the digital key is applied to access the encrypted data when all of the physical data storage devices are simultaneously present.
FIGURES
Various aspects of the invention are illustrated in the figures appended hereto.
Figure 1 illustrates a high level flow chart of the invention, with the steps of encrypting the data with a digital key, striping the encrypted data across a plurality of physical data storage devices that require the digital key for access to the stored data, and applying the digital key to access the encrypted data across all of the physical data storage devices when all of the digital data storage devices are simultaneously present;
Figure 2 illustrates the concept of striping where data, illustrated as text data, is encrypted, here simply by breaking the text data into groups of four characters, and then storing the encrypted data into different media; and
Figure 3 illustrates a system of the invention, with a server, a plurality of physical data storage devices, and data access terminals with means for inserting a storage medium carrying the digital key.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The invention provides a method of securing and accessing digital data, as illustrated in Figure 1. This is done by encrypting the digital data with a digital key 101. Next, the encrypted digital data is striped across a plurality of physical data storage devices 103, where the digital devices each require a key for access to the digital data. Finally, the digital key is applied to access the encrypted data when all of the physical data storage devices are simultaneously present to access the data 107.
As shown in Figure 2, striping a volume means that the volume spans multiple storage media, such as USB devices, flash memories, hard disks, or the like, but that each file is actually spread over the disks in the stripe set. As shown in Figure 2 the data 201, illustrated as text data, is encrypted, here simply by breaking the text data into groups of four characters 203, and then the encrypted data is stored or written into different physical data storage devices 205 and 207. This means that performance may be dramatically increased because files are read from and written to multiple hard disks or flash memories simultaneously. For example, if there is a stripe set consisting of three hard disks, then one third of the file would be on each disk. The individual physical data storage devices of the plurality of physical data storage devices are individually removable. The digital data itself is spread across all of the physical data storage devices. In this way all of the physical data storage devices are required to be present and active in order for a user to access the digital data. To access the digital data the digital key is simultaneously applied to all of the physical data storage devices when all of the physical data storage devices are simultaneously present. A further aspect of the invention, illustrated in Figure 3, is a data storage system 301 having a server 311 and a plurality of separate, individual memory devices 321, 323, and 325. These devices 321, 323, and 325 are adapted for striped storage of encrypted digital data. The individual data storage devices, 312, 323, and 325 are illustrated as disks, but may be USB devices, flash memories, tape drives, or the like. The physical storage devices, 321, 323, and 325 are individually removable. The system also includes means, such as terminals 331 and 335 for simultaneously applying a digital key, e.g., manually by a keyboard or touch screen entry, or by a simple memory devices, 333 and 337, such as a magnetic card or a flash memory card, to access the encrypted data when all of the physical data storage devices, 321, 313, and 325, are simultaneously present. The readers, terminals, or other access and output devices 331 and 335 are for simultaneously reading the encrypted data when all of the physical storage devices are simultaneously present.
The system is for full striping of encrypted data across all of the physical data storage devices. This is so that the digital key is applied to all of the physical storage devices to access the encrypted data only when all of the physical storage devices are simultaneously present. This is accomplished through a hardware or software interlock that precludes access when less then all of the physical storage devices are present.
The invention may be implemented, for example, by having the system for securing and accessing digital data, e.g., by encrypting the digital data with a digital key, striping the encrypted data across a plurality of physical data storage devices requiring the key for access to the digital data; and applying the digital key to access the encrypted data when all of the physical data storage devices are simultaneously present. This is accomplished by executing the method as a software application, in a dedicated processor, or in a dedicated processor with dedicated code. The code executes a sequence of machine-readable instructions, which can also be referred to as code. These instructions may reside in various types of signal-bearing media. In this respect, one aspect of the present invention concerns a program product, comprising a signal-bearing medium or signal-bearing media tangibly embodying a program of machine-readable instructions executable by a digital processing apparatus to perform a method for securing and accessing digital data as a software application.
This signal-bearing medium may comprise, for example, memory in a server. The memory in the server may be non-volatile storage, a data disc, or even memory on a vendor server for downloading to a processor for installation. Alternatively, the instructions may be embodied in a signal-bearing medium such as the optical data storage disc. Alternatively, the instructions may be stored on any of a variety of machine-readable data storage mediums or media, which may include, for example, a "hard drive", a RAID array, a RAMAC, a magnetic data storage diskette (such as a floppy disk) , magnetic tape, digital optical tape, RAM, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory, magneto-optical storage, paper punch cards, or any other suitable signal-bearing media including transmission media such as digital and/or analog communications links, which may be electrical, optical, and/or wireless. As an example, the machine-readable instructions may comprise software object code, compiled from a language such as "C++", Java, Pascal, ADA, assembler, and the like.
Additionally, the program code may, for example, be compressed, encrypted, or both, and may include executable code, script code and wizards for installation, as in Zip code and cab code. As used herein the term machine-readable instructions or code residing in or on signal-bearing media include all of the above means of delivery.

Claims

1. A method of securing and accessing digital data comprising:
a) encrypting the digital data with a digital key;
b) striping said encrypted data across a plurality of physical data storage devices requiring said key for access to the digital data; and
c) applying said digital key to access said encrypted data when all of said physical data storage devices are simultaneously present.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said plurality of physical data storage devices are removable.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein said digital data is spread across all of the physical data storage devices whereby all of the physical data storage devices are required in order to access the digital data.
4. The method of claim 3 comprising simultaneously applying said digital key to all of said physical data storage devices to access said encrypted data when all of said physical data storage devices are simultaneously present.
5. A data storage system comprising a plurality of separate, individual memory devices for striped storage of encrypted digital data;
a) means for simultaneously applying a digital key to access said encrypted data when all of said physical data storage devices are simultaneously present; and
b) means for simultaneously reading said encrypted data only when all of said physical data storage devices are simultaneously present.
6. The data storage system of claim 5 wherein the physical data storage devices are individually removable.
7. The data storage system of claim 5, said system being adapted for full striping of encrypted data across all of said physical data storage devices .
8. The data storage system of claim 7, said system being adapted for simultaneously applying said digital key to all of said physical data storage devices to access said encrypted data only when all of said physical data storage devices are simultaneously present.
9. A computer program product loadable into the internal memory of a digital computer, comprising software code portions for performing, when said product is run on a computer, to carry out the invention as claimed in claims 1 to 4.
PCT/EP2006/060796 2005-03-22 2006-03-16 Method and system of introducing physical device security for digitally encoded data WO2006100205A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/086,183 2005-03-22
US11/086,183 US20060218413A1 (en) 2005-03-22 2005-03-22 Method of introducing physical device security for digitally encoded data

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WO2006100205A2 true WO2006100205A2 (en) 2006-09-28
WO2006100205A3 WO2006100205A3 (en) 2007-01-25

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Also Published As

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CN101147152A (en) 2008-03-19
US20060218413A1 (en) 2006-09-28
TW200703060A (en) 2007-01-16
WO2006100205A3 (en) 2007-01-25

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