WO2006090604A1 - 非調質鋼軟窒化処理部品 - Google Patents
非調質鋼軟窒化処理部品 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006090604A1 WO2006090604A1 PCT/JP2006/302433 JP2006302433W WO2006090604A1 WO 2006090604 A1 WO2006090604 A1 WO 2006090604A1 JP 2006302433 W JP2006302433 W JP 2006302433W WO 2006090604 A1 WO2006090604 A1 WO 2006090604A1
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- bainite
- ferrite
- steel
- nitride
- soft nitriding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/30—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for crankshafts; for camshafts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/24—Nitriding
- C23C8/26—Nitriding of ferrous surfaces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a machine part obtained by soft nitriding non-heat treated steel. Specifically, the present invention relates to machine parts subjected to soft nitriding treatment such as crankshafts and connecting rods for automobiles, industrial machines and construction machines.
- excellent bend straightening means that the surface of the part does not crack until a large amount of bending displacement is reached.
- Patent Document 1 states that “the content of the alloy element is mass%, C: 0.15-0.40%, Si ⁇ 0.50%, Mn: 0.20 ⁇ : L 50%, Cr: 0.05 to 0.50%, balance Fe and inevitable impurities, the structure after hot working is essentially a ferrite-pearlite structure, ferrite area ratio power S30% or more, and the grain size number is 5 Nitride steel having the above-mentioned particle size and an average pearlite dimension of 50 / zm or less is disclosed. This steel is described as having excellent fatigue strength and bend straightening after nitriding even if the normalization treatment is omitted.
- Patent Document 2 states that “it is a nitriding part formed by nitriding steel, and the steel is in mass% as an alloy component, C: 0.15 to 0.40%, Si: 0.00. 50% or less, Mn: 0.20 ⁇ : L 50%, Cr: 0.05 ⁇ 0.50%, the balance consisting of Fe and unavoidable impurities, and the steel remains hot-worked, Having a mixed structure composed of ferrite and pearlite, the average size of the ferrite crystal grains is 50 m or less, the average size of the pearlite crystal grains is 50 m or less, and the average hardening depth by the nitriding treatment A nitriding part in which the hardness is 0.3 mm or more and the variation of the curing depth is within 0.1 mm ”is disclosed. And this part was nitrided by omitting the normalizing process after hot forging. Even so, it is described that it is excellent in fatigue strength and bend straightening.
- Patent Document 3 states that "by weight, C: 0.20 to 0.60%, Si: 0.05 to: L.0%, Mn: 0.3 to 1.0%, P: 0.05% or less, S: 0.005 to 0. 10%, Cr: 0.3% or less, A1: 0.08% or less, Ti: 0.03% or less, N: 0.008 to 0.020%, Ca: 0.005% or less, Pb: 0.30% or less, Cu: 0.30% or less, Ni: 0.30% or less, Mo: 0.30% or less, V: 0.20% or less, Nb: 0.05% or less, and 221C (%) + 99.5Mn (%) + 52.5Cr (%) — 304Ti (%) + 577N (%)
- a steel material for soft nitriding characterized by satisfying + 25 ⁇ 150, the balance being the chemical composition of Fe and inevitable impurities, the structure being composed of ferrite and pearlite, and the ferrite fraction being 10% or more ” Etc. are disclosed! Speak.
- the fatigue strength is expressed as a regression equation of the contained element, and the factor is not less than a specific size, and the structure is composed of ferrite and pearlite, and the ferrite fraction is 10%. If it is above, it is described that a nitriding part excellent in fatigue strength and bend straightening can be obtained even if the normalization treatment is omitted!
- Patent Document 4 states that "by weight, C: 0.30 to 0.43%, Si: 0.05 to 0.40%, Mn: 0.
- Patent Document 4 even if the normalization treatment is omitted and the nitriding treatment is performed, a product excellent in fatigue strength and bending straightening properties can be obtained by smoothing the hardness gradient in the nitrided layer. It is described.
- Patent Document 5 “C: 0.1 to 0.35%, Si: 0.05 to 0.35%, Mn: 0.6 to 1.50%, P: 0.01% or less, S: 0.015% or less, Cr: l. 2.0%, Mo: 0.5-1.0%, V: 0.03-0.13%, B: 0.0005-0.0030%, Ti: 0.01-0.04%, A1: 0.01-0.0
- Patent Document 5 Cr is effective for improving hardenability and nitriding hardenability, and V is effective for increasing the fatigue strength by refining the precipitated carbide.
- Cr Since the nitriding hardenability due to Cr is due to the precipitation of Cr nitride, the improvement in fatigue strength here is based on the precipitation strengthening due to Cr and V.
- V and simply manufactured steel material is heated and cooled again to form a bainite structure, and this steel is included in the category of tempered steel.
- Patent Document 6 states that "in mass%, C: 0.1 to less than 0.3%, Si: 0.01 to: L 0%, Mn: l.
- non-heat treated steel for nitrocarburizing treatment 5 to 3.0%, Cr: 0.01 to 0.5%, Mo: 0.1 to 1.0%, acid-soluble A1: 0.01 to 0.045%, N: 0.005-0.025%, the balance Fe and inevitable impurity power Disclosed are “non-heat treated steel for nitrocarburizing treatment”.
- Patent Document 6 a steel having a bainite structure obtained by hot-working temperature and air cooling is excellent in toughness and excellent bend straightening after nitrocarburizing treatment. ing.
- the C concentration is set to less than 0.3% in order to prevent the bainite from becoming too hard and impairing the machinability, and the Mn concentration to ensure the hardenability of the steel for forming the bainite. Is defined as 1.5% or more.
- 0.01 to 0.05% Cr is added to increase the hardness of the nitrided layer by precipitation strengthening with Cr nitride.
- the reason why the bend straightening is improved by the bainite structure is that bainite has higher toughness at the same hardness than the ferrite pearlite structure, as described above.
- the C concentration is set to less than 0.3%.
- the C concentration is less than 0.3%, there is a concern about insufficient wear resistance. Wear resistance is also a very important factor for machine parts such as crankshafts and connecting rods.
- Patent Document 7 states that "by weight, C: 0.05 to 0.30%, Si: l.20% or less, Mn: 0.60 to 1.30%, Cr: 0.70 to: L 50%, A1: 0.10% or less. , N: 0.006 ⁇ 0.020%, V: 0.05 ⁇ 0.20%, Mo: 0 ⁇ l.00%, B: 0 ⁇ 0.0050%, S: 0 ⁇ 0.060%, Pb: 0 ⁇ 0.20%, Ca 0 to 0.010%, vigorous, 0.60 ⁇ C + 0.
- Patent Document 7 also adopts the concept of improving fatigue strength by utilizing precipitation strengthening by Cr and V, as in Patent Document 5.
- the C concentration is regulated to be less than 0.3%, the concerns regarding the wear resistance cannot be wiped out.
- Patent Document 8 states that "in weight%, C: 0.15 to 0.40%, Si: l. 20% or less, Mn: 0.60 to 1.80%, Cr: 0.20 to 20%. 2. Steel containing 00%, A1: 0.02 to 0.10%, N: 0.006 to 0.020%, V: 0.05 to 0.20%, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities And using steel with the conditions of 0. 60 ⁇ C + 0. lSi + O. 2Mn + 0. 25Cr + l. 65V ⁇ 1.35 and 0.25Cr + 2V ⁇ 0.8.
- the core hardness is Hv200 ⁇ 300
- the structure is ⁇ Frite + pearlite '' or ⁇ ferrite + pearlite (+ bainite) with bainite fraction less than 20% ''
- a steel for soft nitriding characterized by having a high surface hardness, a deep hardening depth, and a low heat treatment strain characteristic by applying a soft nitriding treatment thereto.
- Patent Document 8 Since the steel of Patent Document 8 has a C concentration of 0.15 to 0.40%, it is expected that the wear resistance is improved. However, this steel also adopts the idea of improving fatigue strength by utilizing precipitation strengthening by Cr and V as in the invention of Patent Document 7.
- the nitriding steel has a ferrite main structure, or if this is difficult, a martensite or bainite single-phase structure is preferable to a ferrite + pearlite structure”.
- the idea is to use precipitation strengthening by Cu instead of the force that avoids precipitation strengthening by Cr and V.
- the Mn concentration must be 1.0% or more, and this is intended for bainite single-phase non-tempered steel.
- Patent Document 12 See Patent Document 12
- a nitrocarburizing method for improving fatigue strength and bend straightening has been studied.
- Patent Document 12 after soft nitriding, when the diffusion layer and the base metal base are martensite by quenching that is heated to an austenite temperature range and rapidly cooled, it is tempered again!
- a soft nitriding method is disclosed in which heat treatment is performed to increase the wear resistance of mechanical parts and the resistance to dents.
- the soft nitriding treatment itself is merely performed by performing the gas soft nitriding treatment at a standard temperature (570 to 580 ° C.).
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9 291339
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-324258
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-324241
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-46287
- Patent Document 5 JP-A-5-65592
- Patent Document 6 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-309846
- Patent Document 7 JP-A-7-157842
- Patent Document 8 JP-A-8-176733
- Patent Document 9 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-160287
- Patent Document 10 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-253420
- Patent Document 11 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-302756
- Patent Document 12 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-269631
- N 0.015 to 0.030%
- the balance being Fe and impurities, mixed structure consisting of bainite and ferrite or mixed structure consisting of bainite, ferrite and pearlite It has a bainite fraction in the mixed structure of 5 to 90%.
- Nb .. 0 003 ⁇ 0 1 0/0
- the object of the present invention is to further improve the high fatigue strength even when soft nitriding is performed in a state where the tempering is omitted. It is to provide machine parts having excellent bending straightness.
- the main iron nitrides formed in the diffusion layer are rod-like ⁇ '-Fe N and disc-like ⁇ ''-Fe. N.
- the gist of the present invention resides in the following non-tempered steel nitrocarburized component.
- a nitrocarburized component obtained by nitrocarburizing a non-tempered steel, characterized in that the ⁇ 'nitride in the diffusion grains of the diffusion layer has a longitudinal size of 20 ⁇ m.
- a soft nitriding component characterized by the following:
- the “diffusion layer” here is defined in JIS G0562, and diffusion of nitrogen, carbon, etc. is recognized except for the compound layer in the surface layer of the soft-nitrided part. Is a layer.
- ⁇ , nitride means the above-mentioned ⁇ , -FeN.
- a high-strength nitrocarburized part excellent in fatigue strength and bending straightness can be obtained using non-heat treated steel as a raw material. Therefore, the part manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- C is an essential element for obtaining a mixed structure of “bainite + ferrite” or “bainite + ferrite + pearlite”.
- a content of 0.30% or more is necessary to ensure the stability of austenite and the wear resistance of the material.
- the hardenability is excessively increased and harmful martensite is easily generated. Therefore, the proper range of C content is 0.30 to 0.45%.
- Si is added as a deoxidizer in the steelmaking process, but it is also effective for strengthening the solid solution of ferrite, so a content of 0.1% or more is necessary. On the other hand, if the Si content exceeds 0.5%, the hot deformation resistance of the steel is increased, and the toughness and the machinability are deteriorated. Therefore, the appropriate range for the Si content is 0.1 to 0.5%.
- Mn 0.6 to 1.0% Mn is added as a deoxidizer in the steel making process in the same way as Si. It is an essential element for stabilizing austenite to obtain a mixed structure of “bainite + ferrite” or a mixed structure of “bainite + ferrite + pearlite”. Furthermore, Mn combines with S in steel to form MnS, which is effective for improving machinability.
- the bainite fraction should be 5% or more. And, in order to ensure the hardenability to generate this fraction of bainite, a Mn content of 0.6% or more is necessary. On the other hand, if the Mn content exceeds 1.0%, the hardenability is too high, and harmful martensite is likely to be generated. Therefore, the proper range of the Mn content is 0.6 to 1.0%.
- Ti is an indispensable element for forming pin-jung particles to suppress grain coarsening during hot working.
- the proper range of Ti content is 0.005 to 0.1%. More desirable is 0.01 to 0.05%.
- N 0.010% to 0.030%
- N stabilizes austenite to obtain a mixed structure of “bainite + ferrite” or a mixed structure of “bainite + ferrite + pearlite”, and therefore constitutes pinning particles to suppress grain coarsening. Therefore, it is added as solid solution nitrogen to contribute to solid solution strengthening and increase the base metal strength.
- the content 0.0010% or more is necessary.
- N exceeds 0.030%, bubble defects may be generated in the ingot and the material may be damaged. Therefore, the proper range of the N content is 0.0 10 to 0.030 0/0. Desirability! /, Is a ⁇ or 0.015 to 0.030 0/0, more desirable! /, Which is the ⁇ or 0.015 to 0.025%.
- One of the non-tempered steels for soft nitriding used as a material for the soft nitriding part of the present invention is steel in which the balance is Fe and impurities, in addition to the elements described above.
- Another one of the non-tempered steels for soft nitriding used as the material for the soft nitriding component of the present invention is one selected from the above-mentioned elements and further selected from the first element group force. It is a steel that contains one or both of the above elements and one or more elements selected for the second element group force, with the balance being Fe, impurities, and force.
- Nb 0.001 to 0.1%
- Nb is an element that can be used to form pin-jung particles to suppress grain coarsening during hot working. It also has the effect of increasing the strength of the base metal by precipitating as fine carbonitride during hot cooling after hot working. In order to obtain these effects, a content of 0.001% or more is necessary. On the other hand, even if the content exceeds 0.1%, the effect is saturated, and the coarse smelted carbonitride is formed during steelmaking, which may deteriorate the quality of the steel slab. Therefore, when Nb is added, its content should be 0.001-0. 1%. Desirable is 0. 003-0. 1%, more desirable are 0. 005-0. 1%, the most desirable! /, Which is the ⁇ or 0.005 to 0.05 0/0.
- Mo is an element that increases the hardenability of steel and contributes to high strength, and is also effective in improving toughness. Moreover, when Mo is added, a mixed structure of “bainite + ferrite” or a mixed structure of “bainite + ferrite + pearlite” is easily obtained. In order to obtain these effects, a content of 0.01% or more is necessary. On the other hand, if the Mo content exceeds 1.0%, the hardenability is excessively increased, so that the formation of martensite is promoted and the bend straightening and toughness after the soft nitriding treatment are deteriorated. Therefore, when Mo is added, the content is preferably 0.01 to 1.0%. A more desirable content is 0.05-0.6%.
- Cu is contained in an amount of 0.01% or more.
- Cu and Ni have no precipitation strengthening effect due to carbonitride formation, but Cu is not contained in ferrite. Aging precipitation can contribute to precipitation strengthening. However, when the temperature of general nitrocarburizing treatment (approximately 580 ° C) and treatment time (several hours) are substituted for aging treatment, the Cu content must be set to cause sufficient Cu precipitation. 1. Need to be 0% or more. However, in the nitrocarburized part of the present invention, it is not necessary to expect the age hardening effect of Cu during nitronitriding. Furthermore, since the melting point of Cu is as low as 1085 ° C, it takes longer to remain in the liquid phase during the solidification process in the steelmaking process.
- the upper limit of the Cu content in the steel of the present invention is set to 1.0%.
- Ni like Cu, is an austenite stable element, and is effective in securing solid solution strengthening and a desirable bainitic fraction. Therefore, Ni is preferably contained in an amount of 0.01% or more. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 1.0%, the effect is saturated and the material cost only increases, so the upper limit was made 1.0%. When used in combination with Cu, it is desirable to contain Ni that is 1/2 or more of the Cu content in order to ensure the effect of preventing the above-described hot cracking.
- B enhances the hardenability of the steel and promotes the formation of a mixed structure of “bainite + ferrite” or “bainite + ferrite + pearlite”. The effect is clearly manifested at a content of 001% or more. On the other hand, if the B content exceeds 0.005%, the toughness of the steel is impaired. Therefore, when B is added, its content should be 0.001-0.005%.
- the elements of the second group are S and Ca, and these improve the machinability of the non-tempered steel for nitrocarburizing treatment used as the material of the nitrocarburized component of the present invention.
- the reasons for limiting each content are as follows.
- S and Ca are both elements that improve the machinability of steel. If added, the machinability will be further improved, so if necessary, add 1 or 2 types of force. However, excessive addition may cause segregation defects in the steel slab or deteriorate hot workability. Therefore, it is appropriate that the S content range is 0.01 to 0.1%, and the Ca content range is 0.0001 to 0.005%. A desirable lower limit of Ca is 0.001%.
- P is preferred to be 0.05% or less because it prays to the grain boundaries and promotes brittle cracks at the grain boundaries.
- A1 is usually added as a deoxidizer during melting.
- A1 remains in the steel as alumina particles or combines with N to form A1N.
- Alumina is a high-hardness oxide-based inclusion that shortens the life of tools used for cutting.
- A1N precipitates in the vicinity of the surface during soft nitriding or promotes the growth of the surface compound layer, thereby significantly increasing the surface layer hardness and degrading the bending straightness.
- A1N dissolves at the hot working temperature, it cannot be expected to function as pinning particles and is hardly useful for crystal grain refinement. Therefore, a lower A1 content is better. However, minimizing the lower limit of the A1 content leads to cost increase due to restrictions in the deoxidation process, so 0.05% or less should be achieved without impairing the straightening property of the steel of the present invention. Is preferred.
- Cr and V are not added to the steel of the present invention. These are impurities, and their content is better as they are smaller. The reason for this is that, as already mentioned, Cr and V cause nitrides to precipitate and remarkably increase the hardness of the near-surface layer of the steel, thereby impairing the bending straightness. Considering that the effect of the present invention is not impaired, and the purity of raw materials in the flake manufacturing method other than the smelting cost and the blast furnace converter method, Cr is up to 0.15%, and V is up to 0.02%. Is allowed as an impurity. Note that Cr is more preferably 0.1% or less.
- the structure of the non-tempered steel for soft nitriding used as the material of the nitrocarburized part of the present invention is a mixed structure of bainite and frit or a mixed structure of bainite, fright and pearlite.
- the bainite fraction in these mixed structures is 5 to 90%.
- bainite transformation can avoid the formation of martensite.
- This bainite structure consists of bamboo leaf-shaped ferrite (paytic 'ferrite) as shown in Fig. 1 and carbide.
- This pectic ferrite is dispersed inside the prior austenite grains and is smaller than the pro-eutectoid ferrite (polygonal ferrite) in which the prior austenite grain boundary force developed.
- this bainite is “a pearlite core—a structure in which the shape is bamboo leaf-like but relatively fine ferrite (paytic ferrite) is dispersed”.
- the lamellar structure is distorted.
- FIG. 2 is an SEM image of prior austenite grains in which pay-tick ferrite is dispersed.
- the arrangement of the ferrite Z-cementite lamellar structure in the pearlite co-mouth is indistinguishable in various places where the ordered lamellar structure does not exist.
- this structure has lower strength than that of the prior austenite grains that have undergone pearlite transformation as a whole, the crack progresses due to crack bending and plastic deformation at the tip of the crack in the patite ferrite. In terms of resistance, it is better than a coarse perlite core.
- bainite structure even if the crystal grain structure is somewhat coarse, the crack propagation resistance can be kept high.
- the entire structure may be bainite, but in the structure where the bainite fraction exceeds 90%, it is practically inevitable that martensite is mixed. Martensite deteriorates the bending straightness and also deteriorates the machinability. Therefore, the bainite fraction in the mixed structure is set to 5 to 90%. A more desirable bainite fraction is 10-80%.
- the structure other than bainite is substantially ferrite or ferrite and pearlite.
- the structure of the non-tempered steel for nitrocarburizing treatment used as the material for the nitrocarburized component of the present invention can be obtained by, for example, the following method.
- a material for hot forging billets obtained by rolling the ingot into pieces and continuous forging material into pieces are rolled.
- a billet or the like or a hot rolled steel bar may be used, but a material having a specified chemical composition range is prepared.
- the heating temperature for these hot forging materials is 1100-1250 ° C. Cooling after hot forging should be performed in the atmosphere or forced air cooling using a fan. Also, for example, it is possible to cool rapidly to near the eutectoid transformation temperature and slowly cool the 700-500 ° C range, or immediately after hot forging, cool to about 500-300 ° C, The bainite transformation may be promoted by maintaining at this temperature.
- the cooling rate can be adjusted by preparing a continuous cooling transformation diagram (CCT curve diagram) in advance, obtaining the cooling rate range that passes through the bainite transformation region, and adjusting to the calculated cooling rate range.
- CCT curve diagram continuous cooling transformation diagram
- the longitudinal size of the rod-like ⁇ ′ nitride present in the ferrite grains is 20 ⁇ m or less.
- the strength is also reduced because the concentration of solid solution nitrogen is significantly reduced.
- the crack that has penetrated becomes more easily propagated through the ⁇ 'nitride-flight interface, and the crack propagation resistance is lowered.
- the precipitation of ⁇ 'nitride reduces the average strength of the ferrite grains themselves, and the crack growth resistance locally decreases in the vicinity of the y' nitride. It becomes easier. Therefore, it suppresses ⁇ and nitride precipitation and its growth.
- the reason why the longitudinal size of the rod-like ⁇ 'nitride is specified to be 20 ⁇ m or less is as follows.
- the grain size of the ferrite grains of the non-heat treated steel used as the material for the soft nitriding part of the present invention is approximately 10 to 50 / ⁇ ⁇ . Therefore, the rod-shaped y ′ nitrides that grow from the ferrite grain boundaries toward the inside of the grains are connected within the ferrite grains, so that the coarse force ⁇ and nitride cross the ferrite grains.
- the length of the rod-like ⁇ 'nitride It is necessary to suppress the light grain size to 1Z2 or less.
- the longitudinal size of the rod-like ⁇ ′ nitride existing in the ferrite grains of the diffusion layer is defined as 20 m or less. Desirably, it is 10 ⁇ m or less, and more desirably 5 ⁇ m or less.
- gas soft nitriding treatment gas soft nitriding treatment, salt bath soft nitriding treatment (tuftride treatment), ion nitriding and the like can be used.
- a compound layer (nitride layer) with a thickness of about 20 m and a diffusion layer immediately below it can be formed uniformly on the surface of the product.
- the soaking temperature is more preferably 550 to 620 ° C, and the more desirable soaking temperature is in the range of 580 to 600 ° C.
- the holding time (treatment time) at the soaking temperature determines the thickness of the surface compound layer and the amount of nitrogen that diffuses and penetrates into the steel.
- the retention time is preferably 30 minutes to 3 hours, more preferably 1 to 2 hours from the viewpoint of obtaining the desired fatigue strength improvement and industrial production efficiency.
- the cooling rate from the soaking temperature to 200 ° C. at which ⁇ ′ nitride precipitation does not occur is 1.0 ° CZ sec. It is effective to make it larger than this, and more preferably, the cooling rate should be 1.5 ° CZ seconds or more.
- the oil temperature should be 100 ° C or less, and use an oil tank with a large heat capacity so that heat removal from the machine parts will occur sufficiently, or the parts to be processed at one time
- care should be taken not to keep the parts in the temperature range of 100 to 200 ° C for a long time (30 minutes or more) in the cooling process after soft nitriding, ensuring high fatigue strength. It is important above.
- oil cooling which has a cooling rate lower than that of water cooling
- oil quenching which has a cooling rate lower than that of water cooling
- various heat-treated oils with varying properties or different properties are used.
- Power! in industrial gas soft nitriding, for reasons of operational efficiency and safety, a furnace that is filled with a processing atmosphere that does not directly quench the oil into the oil tank from the processing atmosphere of RX gas and ammonia gas. In many cases, the processed material is once drawn into a space filled with another inert gas, and then oil-quenched there.
- a processing atmosphere power of 580 ° C is also drawn into a separate space, and then oil-cooled in an oil tank maintained at 100 ° C. Then, precipitation of ⁇ ′ nitride and ⁇ ′ ′ nitride may be observed in the diffusion layer. This is due to the following reason.
- a test piece for microstructural observation was partially cut and the hot-forged microstructure was observed with an optical microscope having a magnification of 200x, and the bainite fraction (area ratio) was measured.
- the area defined as bainite the area where the bamboo leaf-like pectic flies exist was surrounded by a continuous closed curve, and the area ratio power for the entire visual field area of the area was calculated.
- Table 1 shows the bainite fraction of each steel type. In the steel No. 7, no bainite was observed in the ferrite and pearlite structure. In addition, No. 9 steel had a bainite fraction exceeding 90% and martensite was formed.
- the remainder of the specimen for microstructure observation was soft-nitrided together with the specimen for plane bending fatigue test, and the microstructure of the diffusion layer was observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). I investigated.
- the size of y ′ nitride was the longest length of ⁇ ′ nitride observed when 10 fields of view were photographed at a magnification of 1000 ⁇ .
- the stepped round bar bending test piece has a 10mm wide step at the center with a diameter larger than both ends.
- the diameter of the center is 15mm
- the diameter of the main body is 10mm
- the step is This part has a curvature with a corner R of 2mm.
- a strain gauge was attached to this curvature, and a bending correction test was performed in the same way as three-point bending. Bending straightness was evaluated by the indentation stroke until the strain gauge was disconnected when a load was applied to the center. When the indentation stroke was up to 3 mm and the strain gauge did not break, it was judged that the bending straightness was good.
- the test piece for the plane bending fatigue test is a cylindrical body having a diameter of 44 mm and a tapered neck portion (the neck portion diameter is 20 mm). After subjecting this test piece to nitrocarburizing treatment, a plane bending fatigue test was conducted by fixing the head side of the test piece and repeatedly applying a load to the opposite end.
- the oil temperature in the oil tank shall be a predetermined temperature within the range of 80 to 150 ° C, and the time for the specimen to be kept in the oil tank after oil cooling is 10 to 90 minutes.
- the predetermined time was within the range.
- Table 2 summarizes the size of ⁇ 'nitride, fatigue strength and bending straightness for each steel type.
- the cooling rate in the cooling process from the soaking temperature of the gas soft nitriding treatment and the time during which the temperature was maintained at 100 ° C or higher including the retention after oil cooling are shown.
- the bend straightness is judged to be good.
- the standard fatigue strength classified as the high-strength category as a normalization omitted type a force equivalent to 550 MPa or a higher fatigue strength and better Bending straightness (bending stroke of 3mm or more) is obtained.
- FIG. 3 shows the typical structure of the diffusion layer when y'nitride is dispersed.
- the force indicated by the arrow in the figure is particularly coarse ⁇ 'nitride.
- FIG. 1 is a representative structural photograph of a “bainite + ferrite + pearlite” mixed structure of non-tempered steel for soft nitriding used as a material for a soft nitriding part of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 SEM image of prior austenite grains with dispersed patineic ferrite.
- FIG. 3 Diffusion layer structure when coarse ⁇ 'nitrides (indicated by arrows) are dispersed.
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP06713575.6A EP1857563B1 (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2006-02-13 | Non-tempered steel soft nitrided component |
US11/892,579 US20080000553A1 (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2007-08-24 | Soft-nitrided parts made of non-heat treated steel |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005-051775 | 2005-02-25 | ||
JP2005051775A JP4500708B2 (ja) | 2005-02-25 | 2005-02-25 | 非調質鋼軟窒化処理部品 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US11/892,579 Continuation US20080000553A1 (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2007-08-24 | Soft-nitrided parts made of non-heat treated steel |
Publications (1)
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WO2006090604A1 true WO2006090604A1 (ja) | 2006-08-31 |
Family
ID=36927244
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PCT/JP2006/302433 WO2006090604A1 (ja) | 2005-02-25 | 2006-02-13 | 非調質鋼軟窒化処理部品 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20080000553A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1857563B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4500708B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100545289C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006090604A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (9)
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BR112013009229B1 (pt) * | 2010-11-22 | 2018-09-25 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | aço não tratado termicamente para nitrocarbonetação e componente nitrocarbonetado |
EP2878695B1 (en) | 2012-07-26 | 2019-05-22 | JFE Steel Corporation | Steel for nitrocarburizing and nitro carburized component, and methods for producing said steel for nitro carburizing and said nitrocarburized component |
JP6292765B2 (ja) * | 2013-05-01 | 2018-03-14 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 軟窒化クランクシャフト及びその製造方法 |
EP3276040B1 (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2020-07-15 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Nitrided or soft nitrided part with excellent wear resistance and pitting resistance |
EP3173637B1 (en) | 2015-11-24 | 2018-11-14 | BRP-Rotax GmbH & Co. KG | Fracture-separated engine component and method for manufacturing same |
JP6458908B2 (ja) * | 2016-12-22 | 2019-01-30 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 軟窒化用非調質鋼、軟窒化部品、及び、軟窒化部品の製造方法 |
JP7062529B2 (ja) * | 2018-06-15 | 2022-05-06 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 窒化鉄材の製造方法 |
CN109609858B (zh) * | 2018-12-31 | 2020-10-23 | 博众优浦(常熟)汽车部件科技有限公司 | 一种汽车用电机壳体的生产工艺 |
CN115141976B (zh) * | 2022-06-24 | 2023-07-25 | 江苏联峰能源装备有限公司 | 一种强韧微合金化非调质钢及其生产工艺 |
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- 2006-02-13 CN CN200680005930.XA patent/CN100545289C/zh active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20080000553A1 (en) | 2008-01-03 |
JP4500708B2 (ja) | 2010-07-14 |
EP1857563A8 (en) | 2008-04-23 |
EP1857563B1 (en) | 2014-01-01 |
EP1857563A1 (en) | 2007-11-21 |
EP1857563A4 (en) | 2010-08-04 |
CN101128611A (zh) | 2008-02-20 |
CN100545289C (zh) | 2009-09-30 |
JP2006233300A (ja) | 2006-09-07 |
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