WO2006089458A1 - The method for measuring soft hand over of the user's terminal in the air interface base on the single link measure - Google Patents

The method for measuring soft hand over of the user's terminal in the air interface base on the single link measure Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006089458A1
WO2006089458A1 PCT/CN2005/000230 CN2005000230W WO2006089458A1 WO 2006089458 A1 WO2006089458 A1 WO 2006089458A1 CN 2005000230 W CN2005000230 W CN 2005000230W WO 2006089458 A1 WO2006089458 A1 WO 2006089458A1
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test
measurement
rnc
command
cell
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French (fr)
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Zemin Wang
Linhui Wei
Zhiping Zhang
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/10—Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/16—Performing reselection for specific purposes
    • H04W36/18—Performing reselection for specific purposes for allowing seamless reselection, e.g. soft reselection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/12—Access point controller devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a test method for handover control technology in a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WC) system, in particular, a single-link test user terminal (User Equipment, UE for short)
  • WC Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • UE User Equipment
  • the air interface (Uu) is a method for testing a soft handover procedure of a radio base station (N0DEB for short) and a radio network controller (RNC).
  • N0DEB radio base station
  • RNC radio network controller
  • WCDMA is a wireless access technology of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). It is divided by the system structure. It consists of Core Network (CN) and Radio Access Network (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access). Network, UTRAN and UE are composed of three parts. The system structure is shown in Figure 1. The voice call and data connection in the CN processing system are exchanged and routed with the external network. UTRAN completes system access control and mobility. Wireless-related functions such as management, wireless resource management, and control.
  • CN Core Network
  • UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access
  • the UTRAN structure is shown in Figure 2.
  • the UTRAN includes a number of Radio Network Subsystems (RNS) connected to the CN through the iu interface (the standard interface between the RNC and the CN in the WCDMA system, called Iu).
  • the RNS includes an RNC and one or more NODEBs.
  • the NODEB is connected to the RNC through an Iub interface (a standard interface between RNC and NODEB in the WCDMA system, called Iub), and the RNC passes through the Iur interface (WC should be between the RNCs in the A system).
  • the standard interface, referred to as Iur) interaction information, the Iu interface and the Iur interface are comic interfaces, and the Iur interface can be physically connected directly between the RNCs or through an appropriate transmission network.
  • N0DEB includes one or more cells, and RNC is responsible for The UE handover, which has a merge/split function to support macro diversity between different NODEBs.
  • Handover is one of the most important technologies for mobility management in WC.
  • a handover refers to the process of transferring from one base station or channel to another when the mobile terminal is in a mobile state.
  • the channel switching required to keep the mobile phone uninterrupted is referred to as handoff.
  • the handover can be divided into two situations: hard handover and soft handover.
  • the handover process the mobile user only communicates with one of the new and old base stations.
  • the soft handover is the base station with the same carrier frequency of the mobile terminal.
  • the mobile user may communicate with two base stations at the same time.
  • the soft handover process is shown in FIG. 3, wherein FIG. 3A shows a communication state before soft handover, and the mobile terminal establishes a radio link with the base station A; FIG. 3B shows that the two base stations A are simultaneously in the soft handover process. B is an illustration of establishing a wireless link; FIG. 3C shows a diagram in which the mobile terminal disconnects from the base station A after successful soft handover, and establishes a wireless link with the new base station B.
  • There is also a softer handover which refers to handover between different sectors of the same cell.
  • the WCDMA system basically treats softer handover as soft handover.
  • TDMA Time Divided Access
  • FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • the channel is time-divided or frequency-divided. use.
  • the time or frequency in the radio resource is switched, and the mobile user cannot receive and transmit signals on the two channels at the same time, so only hard handover can be performed.
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • different channels of the same-frequency cell are distinguished by channel codes, and mobile users can receive simultaneously. Multiple channels simultaneously transmit multiple channels, so soft handoff can be performed.
  • Soft handover has no communication interruption, which improves communication quality and handover quality during handover.
  • the WCDMA system adopts a mobile terminal-assisted handover method.
  • the mobile terminal measures the signal strength from the base station. This measurement should be an average value over a period of time to eliminate the rapid measurement of the signal due to multipath effects. fluctuation.
  • the mobile terminal moves from the base station 1 to the base station 2
  • the average signal strength of the base station 1 decreases, and the average signal strength of the base station 2 increases.
  • Both the mobile terminal and the base station report the measurement result to the RNC, and the RNC selects whether to switch and the target cell of the handover according to the measurement report, and then transfers from one base station or channel to another base station or channel.
  • the WCDMA system soft handoff process is divided into three phases: measurement, decision, and execution.
  • the soft handoff process description is shown in Figure 4.
  • the mobile terminal measures the signal quality of the downlink, the signal energy of the cell to which the mobile terminal belongs, and the neighboring cell; the base station needs to measure the signal quality of the uplink.
  • the measurement results are sent to the relevant Radio Resource Control (RRC).
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the measurement result is reported to the RNC by the UE in the form of a measurement report.
  • the RNC makes an initial handover decision based on the parameters reported in the measurement report.
  • the RNC's Radio Resource Management (RRM) performs radio resource allocation according to the load control algorithm and the Connection Admission Control (CAC) algorithm, if necessary (such as inter-system handover, Serving RNC (Serving RNC, SRNC for short) relocation, inter-frequency handover between Mobi le Swi tching Center (MSC), CN will make a handover decision with RNC, and then issue the final handover command and update at the same time. Effective set.
  • RRM Radio Resource Management
  • CAC Connection Admission Control
  • the RNC allocates resources directly and switches.
  • the execution of the soft handover is initiated by the RRC layer of the SRNC, and generally includes: an increase in the wireless link, The deletion of the wireless link, the combination of the addition and deletion of the wireless link, of course, they are all triggered by algorithmic control based on the measurement report results.
  • the SRNC decides to establish a wireless link through a new cell under another RNC control.
  • SRNC through the wireless network subsystem application part (Radio Network Subsystem Application Part
  • RNSAP Send the wireless link booster request message Branch/Radio Link Addition Request to the drift RNC (Drift RNC, called DRNC), requires drift DMC to provide resources. If this is the first radio link established for the UE by the DRNC, a new Iur signaling connection will be established, which will be used for all RNSAP signaling associated with the UE.
  • the parameters involved are: a cell identifier, a Transport Format Set (TFS) for each Dedicated Transport Channel (DCH), and a Transport Format Combination Set (Transport Format Combination Set). ), frequency, uplink scrambling code.
  • the NODEB Application Part (NBAP) of the DRNC sends a radio link setup message Radio Link Setup to the NodeB.
  • the parameters involved are: cell identity, TFS of each DCH, TFCS, frequency, uplink scrambling code, downlink channelization code.
  • the NodeB allocates the required resources. If successful, it returns the NBAP message Radio Link Setup Res pons e to the DRNC.
  • the parameters involved are: Signalling connection termination (Transport layer addressing information for Data Transport Bearer (s)).
  • the DRNC sends the RNSAP message Branch/Radio Link Addition Response to the SRNC.
  • the parameters involved are: downlink channelization code, Transport layer address ing informat ion for Data Transport Bearer (s), neighbor cell information.
  • the SRNC starts the establishment of the lur/Iub data transmission bearer by using the Acces s Link Control Applatio Part (ALCAP) protocol ( lur/Iub Data
  • Transport Bearers are setup ); this requirement includes Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM2 Binding) to bind the Iub's data transport bearer to the DCH, in each lur/Iub data. This process is repeated when the transport bearer is established.
  • ATM2 Binding Asynchronous Transfer Mode
  • Node B and SRNC establish a synchronization of the data transmission bearer (NodeB-SRNC Data Transport Bearer Sync), corresponding to the existing wireless link, and then Node B starts downlink transmission.
  • the SRNC sends an RRC message Act ive Set Update Command to the UE on the Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH: Dedicated Control Channel).
  • DCCH Dedicated Control Channel
  • the parameters involved are: update type, cell identity, downlink scrambling code, downlink channelization code, power control information, and neighbor cell (Ncel1) information.
  • the UE sends an RRC message, Act ive Set Update Complete, to the SRNC.
  • the soft handover requires that at least two radio links (Radio Link, RL, a logical association between a single UE and a single UTRAN access point, similar to a channel) can be established and maintained at the same time on the test UE side.
  • Radio Link RL
  • a single-link test UE although it is a single cell, two or more wireless links cannot be established and maintained at the same time after the cell resides, but it can implement functions other than system mobility management such as soft handover.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for testing a soft handover of a user terminal on an air interface based on a single link, to overcome the shortcomings of the single-link UE's own device testing capability, and to solve the device function in the WCDMA device testing and acceptance process. Debugging, problem location and verification, shortening the development cycle of the UE and saving development costs.
  • the present invention provides a method for testing a soft handover of a user terminal on an air interface based on a single link
  • the related device includes a primary test UE, a secondary test UE, and a test UE background, and the main test is performed.
  • the UE and the secondary test UE are single-link test UEs, and respectively communicate with the test UE background through TCP, and the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 The primary test UE performs measurement of the local cell, and the secondary test UE performs measurement of the corresponding cell, and the measurement result is tested by the UE in the background, and the primary test UE is used by the primary test UE.
  • the measurement result of the measurement in the background of the UE and the measurement result of the measurement result of the current cell are reported to the RNC;
  • Step 2 The RNC performs the soft handover decision and execution according to the measurement result in the measurement report, when the reported measurement result is adjacent After the cell is better than the standard of the currently camped cell, the RNC initiates an active set update command to the primary test UE to add a wireless link;
  • Step 3 The main test UE responds to the RNC command to complete the soft handover.
  • the present invention performs testing considerations in the test UE:
  • the implementation of the soft handover is opaque to the NODEB and the RNC, but the soft handover signaling monitoring and tracking of the ODEB and the RNC is It is transparent, so it is exactly the same as the normal soft handover procedure from the air interface. It uses the secondary UE to periodically measure and report neighboring cells, and solves the single chain.
  • the road test UE cannot perform near-cell measurement after the cell is camped, and can not only effectively test the soft handover process of the RNC and the NODEB, but also saves the development time and development cycle of the test UE, and reduces the cost.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the system structure of WCDMA
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system structure of UTRAN
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional soft handover description
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a signaling message added to a wireless link in an existing soft handover procedure
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of a test device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a message delivery process between internal structures of the testing device of the present invention. detailed description
  • the basic idea of the method of the present invention is that the measurement of the soft handover is performed by the single-link UE and the measurement result is performed on the measurement result. Then, the RNC performs the soft handover decision and execution on the measurement result, and finally the single-link UE performs the soft handover on the RNC. In response, the soft switch is completed.
  • the developer and the tester can analyze the signaling problem of the related device in the WCDMA system during the soft handover process according to the signaling process of the UE. The method described in the present invention is described in detail below.
  • the test device involved in the present invention includes a test UE, specifically a primary test UE 1 and a secondary test UE 2, and further includes a test UE background 3, a primary test UE 1 and a secondary test UE 2 are all capable of passing TCP.
  • the test UE background 3 can be an ordinary PC, and its main function is to display the signaling process of the primary test UE 1 and the secondary test UE 2, which is convenient for the tester to debug, locate, and The measurement period and measurement result received by the primary test UE 1 are forwarded between the primary test UE 1 and the secondary test UE 2; the communication connection is established through the network port or the serial port.
  • the database is obtained (the database is The primary scrambling code of each cell in the test area according to the network planning or the database of the base station distribution in the actual test.
  • the main test UE 1 performs cell search after power-on, and reports the searched (base station) cell to test the UE background; or the tester knows the distribution of the surrounding base stations beforehand (through the actual installation of the base station), thereby The cell primary scrambling code is directly configured in the background of the test UE.
  • the main test UE 1 performs a normal process, taking the UE originating call as an example, and the flow is as follows: cell search, selection, and cell camping; user dialing, initiating a call request; UE's non-access stratum (Network Access Server, called NAS) ) Initiating an RRC connection establishment indication to the Access Layer (AS); RRC connection establishment; NAS signaling connection establishment; Radio Access Bearer (RAB: Radio Acces s Bearer) establishment; Call success; between UE and CN data transmission.
  • NAS Network Access Server
  • the RNC initiates a measurement control command (MEASUREMENT_CONTROL); the main test UE 1 receives the measurement control command, starts its own measurement; and simultaneously extracts the measurement period in the measurement control command (based on the command parameters in the intra-frequency measurement)
  • Auxiliary test UE measurement period measurement period in RNC measurement control command I Test area i or the number of cells in the area.
  • the measurement period in the measurement command is a measurement period that is sent by the RNC to the UE, and is a measurement period of the main test UE 1 in the present invention.
  • the secondary test UE 2 After the secondary test UE 2 receives the measurement command of the UE's background 3, the corresponding primary scrambling code starts the measurement of the corresponding cell, and the specific measurement process is completed by the physical layer of the secondary test UE 2, and in the auxiliary test UE 2 measurement cycle. Report the measurement result to the test UE background 3.
  • the test UE 3 receives and retains the measurement result of each cell reported by the secondary test UE 2, and reports the result of each cell to the primary test UE 1 after the measurement report period arrives; the primary test UE 1 receives the measurement result of the test UE background 3 , synthesize it with the measurement results of the community.
  • test UE The message flow chart between the test UE and the test UE backend is shown in Figure 7. Which test UE background
  • the secondary UE In the process of testing the UE for measurement and reporting the measurement result, the secondary UE is used to periodically measure and report the neighboring cell; the problem that the single-link test UE cannot perform neighbor cell measurement after the cell camps is solved.
  • the RNC performs a soft handover judgment on the received UE to report the measurement result according to the corresponding algorithm.
  • the specific signaling process is shown in steps 1 to 6 of Figure 5.
  • the MC initiates an active set update command to increase the wireless link.
  • the stated standard is an interval specified by the 3G communication protocol standard.
  • the primary test UE 1 configures the corresponding primary scrambling code onto the new wireless link, and returns an active set update complete message on the new wireless link;
  • the handover process will have a few dropped calls, but it will not affect the effective test of the soft handover signaling of the present invention, but the test of the soft handover procedure for MC and NODEB is the same as the normal soft handover.
  • the MC receives the message on the newly added wireless link, the first step of the soft handover is completed.
  • the RNC After the link is maintained for a certain period, the RNC initiates an active set update command to delete the first wireless link; the primary test UE 1 receives After the command, no processing is performed, and the activation set update completion message is directly returned; after the RNC receives the message, the soft handover complete process is completed.
  • the test UE background 3 can record and display the signaling process on the UE side of the single link test during the handover process, which facilitates the problem location of the RNC and the N0DEB during the test.
  • the invention not only can effectively test the soft handover process of RNC and 0DEB, but also saves the development time and development cycle of the test UE, and is an effective one-link test UE.
  • the air interface tests the test method of the soft handover procedure of the WCDMA system equipment.

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Description

基于单链路测试用户终端在空中接口测试软切换的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及宽带码分多址 (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, 简称 WC羅 A)移动通信系统中切换控制技术的测试方法， 尤其是一种基于 单链路测试用户终端 （User Equipment, 简称 UE )在空中接口（简称 Uu) 测试无线基站 （ 简称 N0DEB ) 和无线网络控制器 （ Radio Network Controller, 简称 RNC )软切换流程的方法。 背景技术
WCDMA 是通用移动通信系统 (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System , 简称 UMTS)的一种无线接入技术， 从系统结构来划分， 它由核心网 (Core Network , 简称 CN)、 无线接入网 (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network, 筒称 UTRAN )和 UE三部分组成， 其系统结构如图 1所示， 其中， CN 处理系统内的语音呼叫和数据连接与外部网络的交换和路由， UTRAN完成系统 接入控制、 移动性管理、 无线资源管理和控制等与无线有关的功能。
UTRAN结构如图 2所示， UTRAN包括许多通过 iu接口（WCDMA系统中 RNC 和 CN之间的标准接口， 筒称 Iu)连接到 CN的无线网络子系统（Radio Network Subsystem , 简称 RNS), —个 RNS包括一个 RNC和一个或多个 NODEB, NODEB 通过 Iub接口（WCDMA系统中 RNC和 N0DEB之间的标准接口， 筒称 Iub)连接到 RNC上， RNC通过 Iur接口（WC應 A系统中 RNC之间的标准接口， 简称 Iur)交 互信息， Iu接口和 Iur接口是逗辑接口， Iur接口可以是 RNC之间物理的直 接相连或通过适当的传输网络实现。 N0DEB包括一个或多个小区， RNC负责决 定 UE的切换， 它具有合并 /分离功能， 用以支持在不同 N0DEB之间的宏分集。 切换是 WC丽 A 中移动性管理最重要的技术之一， 切换指当移动终端处于 移动状态中， 从一个基站或信道转移到另一个基站或信道的过程。 在蜂窝结 构的无线移动通信系统中 , 当移动终端从一个小区移动到另一个小区时 , 为 保持移动电话不中断通信需要进行的信道切换被称之为越区切换。 根据切换 方式不同， 越区切换可以分为硬切换和软切换两种情况， 硬切换是在切换过 程中， 移动用户仅仅与新旧基站中的一个连通， 软切换是移动终端在载波频 率相同的基站覆盖小区之间的信道切换， 切换过程中， 移动用户可能同时与 两个基站进行通信， 从一个基站到另一个基站的切换过程中， 不需要改变收 发频率， 没有通信暂时中断的现象。 软切换过程如图 3所示，其中， 图 3A表 示软切换前的通信状态, 移动终端同基站 A建立了一条无线链路的图示; 图 3B表示软切换过程中同时与两个基站 A、 B建立无线链路的图示； 图 3C表示 成功进行软切换后移动终端与基站 A断开连接， 同新基站 B建立了无线链路 的图示。另外还有一种更软切换，是指在同一小区的不同扇区间的切换， WCDMA 系统基本上把更软切换当作软切换处理。
软、 硬切换概念的对比， 来源于信道与无线资源的不一致。 在时分多址 接入 ( Time Divi s ion Mul t iple Access ,简称 TDMA )和频分多址接入 ( Frequency Divi s ion Mul t iple Access , 简称 FDMA ) 系统中， 信道以时分或频分方式复 用。 切换过程中移动用户在进行新旧信道切换时， 切换的是无线资源中的时 间或频率， 移动用户无法同时在两个信道接收和发送信号， 所以仅能进行硬 切换。 而在码分多址接入（Code Divis ion Mul t iple Acces s , 筒称 CDMA ) 系 统中， 同频小区的不同信道间以信道码来相互区分， 移动用户可以同时接收 多个信道， 同时发射多个信道， 所以可以进行软切换。 软切换没有通信中断， 提高了切换过程中的通信质量和切换质量。 WCDMA系统采用的是移动终端辅助 的切换方法， 在切换发起前， 移动终端要测量来自基站的信号强度， 这种测 量应该是一段时间内的平均值， 以消除由于多径效应引起信号测量的快速波 动。 当移动终端从基站 1向基站 2移动时， 基站 1的平均信号强度减小， 基 站 2的平均信号强度增加。移动终端和基站都要向 RNC报告测量结果， RNC根 据测量报告选择是否切换以及切换的目标小区 , 然后实现从一个基站或信道 转移到另一个基站或信道。
WCDMA系统软切换过程分为三个阶段: 测量、 判决及执行阶段。 软切换过 程描述如图 4所示。
在切换测量阶段， 移动终端要测量下行链路的信号质量、 该移动终端所 属的小区及临近小区的信号能量； 基站需要测量上行链路的信号质量。 测量 结果被送到相关的无线资源控制层（Radio Resource Control , 简称 RRC )。
测量结果以测量报告的形式由 UE上报 RNC。 RNC根据测量报告上报的参 数，作出初始切换判决。 RNC的无线资源管理层（ Radio Resource Management , 简称 RRM )根据负载控制算法和连接接纳控制（ Conne t ion Admi ss ion Control , 简称 CAC )算法， 作出无线资源的分配， 如果必要（如系统间切换， 服务 RNC ( Serving RNC ,简称 SRNC )重定位，移动交换中心（Mobi le Swi tching Center , 简称 MSC ) 间的频间切换等， CN将和 RNC共同作出切换决定， 然后发出最终 的切换命令， 同时更新有效集。
如果是强制切换， RNC直接分配资源， 进行切换。
其中， 软切换的执行由 SRNC的 RRC层发起，一般包括： 无线链路的增加， 无线链路的删除,无线链路增加和删除的合并， 当然， 它们都是根据测量报告 结果， 使用算法控制触发的。
以无线链路的增加为例， 其信令流程如图 5所示：
1. SRNC决定通过另一 RNC控制下的新小区建立无线链路。 SRNC通过无线 网络子系统应用部分 (Radio Network Subsystem Application Part ，筒称
RNSAP )发送无线链路增力口请示消息 Branch/Radio Link Addition Request 给漂移 RNC (Drift RNC, 筒称 DRNC), 要求漂移 DMC提供资源。 如果这是通 过 DRNC为该 UE建立的第一条无线链路， 将建立一个新的 Iur信令连接， 这 条信令连接将用于与该 UE相关的所有 RNSAP信令。 所涉及到的参数有： 小区 标识、 每个专用传输信道 (Dedicated Transport Channel, 筒称 DCH ) 的传 输格式集合 (Transport Format Set, 简称 TFS ) 、 传输格式组合集合 (Transport Format Combination Set , 筒称 TFCS) 、 频率、 上行扰码。
2.如果要求的资源可获得， DRNC 的 N0DEB应用部分（ NODEB Application Part, 简称 NBAP)发送无线链路建立消息 Radio Link Setup给 NodeB。 所涉 及到的参数有： 小区标识、 每个 DCH的 TFS、 TFCS, 频率、 上行扰码、 下行信 道化码。
3. NodeB分配要求的资源， 若成功， 则返回 NBAP消息 Radio Link Setup Re s pons e给 DRNC。 所涉及到的参数有： 信令连接终止 (Signalling link termination) 、 用于数据传输承载的传输层地址信息 （Transport layer addressing information for Data Transport Bearer (s) ) .
4. Node B开始上行接收。 5. DRNC发送 RNSAP 消息 Branch/Radio Link Addi t ion Response给 SRNC。 所涉及到的参数有：下行信道化码、 Transport layer address ing informat ion for Data Transport Bearer (s) , 相邻小区信息。
6. SRNC通过接入链路控制应用部分（Acces s Link Control Appl icat ion Part,简称 ALCAP)协议启动 lur/Iub数据传输承载的建立 （ lur/Iub Data
Transport Bearers are setup )；这个要求包含异步传递方式 ( Asynchronous Transfer Mode,筒称 ATM )适应层 2绑定标识（AAL2 Binding)以将 Iub的数 据传输承载绑定到 DCH,在每个 lur/Iub数据传输承载建立时都要重复该过程。
7. Node B和 SRNC建立数据传输承载的同步（NodeB- SRNC Data Transport Bearer Sync) ,相应于已经存在的无线链路， 然后， Node B开始下行发射。
8· SRNC在专用控制信道 ( DCCH: Dedicated Control Channel )上发送 RRC消息 Act ive Set Update Command给 UE。 所涉及到的参数有： 更新类型、 小区标识、 下行扰码、 下行信道化码、 功率控制信息和邻小区（Ncel l )信息。
9. UE发送 RRC消息 Act ive Set Update Complete给 SRNC。
由上述可见， 软切换要求在测试 UE侧至少能够同时建立和维护两条无线 链路 ( Radio Link,简称 RL, 单个 UE和单个 UTRAN接入点之间的一个逻辑关联， 类同于信道）。 对于单链路测试 UE, 虽然它是单小区的， 在小区驻留后不能同 时建立和维护两条或者两条以上的无线链路， 但它可以实现除系统移动性管 理如软切换等功能外的所有功能， 是 WCDMA系统信令测试、 系统联调、 系统开 局方面的重要设备； 同时由于其没有实现 WCDMA的移动性管理， 只进行单链路 测试 UE的开发， 在缩短 UE开发周期、 节省开发成本方面具有很大的优势。 对 于这样的单链路测试 UE, 如何有效测试 N0DEB和 RNC的软切换信令流程， 以解 决设备调试中遇到的问题， 在 N0DEB和 RNC的设备测试和验收工作中就显得尤 为迫切和重要了。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种基于单链路测试用户终端在空中接口测试软 切换的方法， 以克服单链路 UE自身设备测试能力不足的缺点， 解决 WCDMA设 备测试和验收过程中对设备功能的调试、 问题的定位和验证， 缩短 UE的研发 周期、 节省研发费用。
为实现上述目的， 本发明提供了一种基于单链路测试用户终端在空中接 口测试软切换的方法， 所涉及到的设备包括主测试 UE、 辅测试 UE、 测试 UE 后台， 所述的主测试 UE、 辅测试 UE为单链路测试 UE , 分别通过 TCP方式同 测试 UE后台进行通讯 , 该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤 1、 所述主测试 UE进行本小区的测量， 所述辅测试 UE进行相应小区 的测量，并将测量结果经测试 UE后台上 ^艮所述主测试 UE，所述主测试 UE将由所 述测试 UE后台上 4艮的测量结果与本小区的测量结果合成测量报告上报给 RNC; 步骤 2、 所述 RNC根据测量报告中的测量结果进行软切换的判决和执行， 当上报的测量结果中邻近小区优于当前驻留小区的标准后， 所述 RNC 向所述 主测试 UE发起激活集更新命令， 增加无线链路；
步骤 3、 主测试 UE响应 RNC命令， 完成软切换。
根据上述技术方案分析可知，本发明在测试 UE内部做了测试考虑的处理： 从软切换的实现上对 N0DEB和 RNC来说是不透明的， 但对 ODEB和 RNC的软 切换信令监控、 跟踪却是透明的， 因此从空中接口来看和正常的软切换流程 完全相同， 利用了辅助 UE周期性的对邻近小区进行测量和上报， 解决了单链 路测试 UE在小区驻留后无法进行部近小区测量的问题， 不但可以对 RNC和 N0DEB的软切换流程进行有效的测试， 而且节省了对测试 UE的开发时间和开 发周期， 降低了成本。
以下通过具体的实施例和附图对本发明进行详细的说明。 附图说明
图 1为 WCDMA的系统结构示意图；
图 2为 UTRAN的系统结构示意图；
图 3为现有软切换描述示意图；
图 4为现有软切换处理流程示意图；
图 5为现有软切换过程无线链路增加信令消息示意图；
图 6为本发明的测试装置结构示意图；
图 7为本发明测试装置内部结构之间的消息传递流程示意图。 具体实施方式
本发明所述方法的基本思路是， 首先由单链路 UE进行软切换的测量并上 4艮测量结果； 然后 RNC对测量结果进行软切换的判决和执行， 最后单链路 UE 对 RNC软切换响应， 完成软切换。 开发人员和测试人员可以根据 UE的信令流 程来分析 WCDMA系统中相关设备在软切换过程中的信令问题，以下进行详细的 说明本发明所述的方法。
首先， 单链路测试 UE进行测量和上报测量结果。 本发明所涉及到的测试 装置如图 6所示， 包括测试 UE , 具体为主测试 UE 1、 辅测试 UE 2 , 还包括测 试 UE后台 3 , 主测试 UE 1、 辅测试 UE 2均能够通过 TCP方式同测试 UE后台 进行通讯， 在具体实现上， 所述的测试 UE后台 3可以为普通的 PC机， 其主 要作用是显示主测试 UE 1和辅测试 UE 2的信令过程， 便于测试者调试，定位， 同时在主测试 UE 1和辅测试 UE 2之间转发主测试 UE 1收到的测量周期、 测 量结果；它们之间通过网口或者串口建立通讯连接。
在测试 UE侧， 主测试 UE 1、 辅测试 UE 2、 测试 UE后台 3上电启动， 同 时测试 UE后台 3根据网络规划或者实际测试中的基站分布情况， 目关数据 库获取 (所述的数据库为根据网络规划或者实际测试中的基站分布情况的数 据库） 测试区域内的各小区主扰码。 具体为： 由主测试 UE 1在上电后进行小 区搜索，同时把搜索到的（基站）小区上报测试 UE后台；或者测试者事前已经知 道周围基站分布情况（通过基站的实际安装），从而可以在测试 UE后台直接配 置小区主扰码。
主测试 UE 1进行正常的流程， 以 UE起呼为例， 其流程如下： 小区搜索、 选择和小区驻留； 用户拨号，发起呼叫请求； UE的非接入层（Network Access Server , 筒称 NAS ) 向接入层 ( Access Server, 简称 AS )发起 RRC连接建立 指示； RRC连接建立； NAS信令连接建立； 无线接入承载（RAB: Radio Acces s Bearer )建立； 呼叫成功； UE与 CN之间数据传送。
这时， RNC发起测量控制命令（MEASUREMENT— CONTROL ); 主测试 UE 1接 到测量控制命令， 启动自身的测量； 同时提取测量控制命令中的测量周期（根 据频内测量中的命令参数
TIntraFreqReportCr i ter ia_U. reporter i ter ia. u. per iodicalReport ingCri ter ia. per iodicalReport ingCr i ter ia. report inglnterval来荻耳又 ), 然后经 由主测试 UE 1和测试 UE后台 3之间的通讯， 转发至测试 UE后台 3; 测试 UE后台 3接到主测试 UE1的测量命令后， 即将测量命令发至辅测试 UE2 , 顺次启动各邻小区的测量； 对于辅测试 UE2 , 它对每个邻近小区的测量 周期依据下式计算：
辅测试 UE测量周期 = RNC测量控制命令中的测量周期 I 测试区 i或内的 小区个数。
其中， 所述的测量命令中的测量周期是 RNC下达给 UE的测量周期， 在 本发明中是主测试 UE 1的测量周期。
辅测试 UE 2接到测试 UE后台 3的测量命令后， 居相应的主扰码启动 相应小区的测量， 具体的测量过程由辅测试 UE 2的物理层完成， 并在辅测试 UE 2测量周期内， 将测量结果上报测试 UE后台 3。
测试 UE后台 3接收并保留辅测试 UE 2上报的各部小区的测量结果， 当 测量上报周期到达后将各小区的结果上报主测试 UE 1; 主测试 UE 1接到测试 UE后台 3的测量结果后， 将其与本小区的测量结果合成测量 4艮告
( MEASUREMENT-REPORT ), 将其上 4艮 RNC0
测试 UE和测试 UE后台之间的消息流程图如图 7所示。 其中测试 UE后台
3起了中间桥梁的作用， 它把发送到主测试 UE 1的测量命令转发给辅测试 UE 2 , 同时把辅测试 UE 2的测量结果上报主测试 UE 1 , 从而形成网络规划中所 有小区的测量报告。
在测试 UE进行测量和上报测量结果的环节， 利用了辅助 UE周期性的对 邻近小区进行测量和上报; 解决了单链路测试 UE在小区驻留后无法进行邻近 小区测量的问题。
然后， RNC对接收的 UE上报测量结果根据相应的算法进行软切换判断， 其具体的信令流程如图 5步骤 1 ~步驟 6所示。 当 UE J报的测量结果中邻近 小区优于当前驻留小区一定标准后， MC发起激活集更新命令，增加无线链路。 所述的标准是 3G通信协议标准规定的一个区间。
接着， 主测试 UE 1接到激活集更新命令后， 将相应的主扰码配置到新的 无线链路上， 并在新的无线链路上返回激活集更新完成消息； 此时 UE实际已 经切换到新的无线链路上面， 切换过程会有少许掉话， 但不影响本发明对软 切换信令的有效测试， 但是对于 MC和 N0DEB的软切换流程的测试同正常软 切换是一样的。 MC在新增无线链路上接到该消息后， 软切换第一步完成； 当链路维持一定阶段后， RNC发起激活集更新命令，删除第一条无线链路; 主测试 UE 1接到该命令后， 不做任何处理， 直接返回激活集更新完成消息； RNC接到该消息后， 软切换全部流程完成。
其中测试 UE后台 3可以记录、显示切换过程中在单链路测试 UE侧的信令 流程， 便于 RNC和 N0DEB在测试过程中的问题定位。
通过实际的 WCDMA系统软切换测试， 该发明不但可以对 RNC和 0DEB的 软切换流程进行有效的测试， 而且节省了对测试 UE的开发时间和开发周期， 是一种有效基于单链路测试 UE在空中接口测试 WCDMA系统设备软切换流程的 测试方法。 述的技术方案； 因此， 尽管本说明书参照上述的各个实施例对本发明已进行 了详细的说明， 但是， 本领域的普通技术人员应当理解， 仍然可以对本发明 进行修改或者等同替换； 而一切不脱离本发明的精神和范围的技术方案及其 改进， 其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种基于单链路测试 UE在空中接口测试软切换的方法， 其特征在于， 该方法的测试设备包括主测试 UE、 辅测试 UE、 测试 UE后台， 所述的主测试 UE、 辅测试 UE为单链路测试 UE , 分别与测试 UE后台通讯， 该方法包括以下 步骤：
步骤 1、所述主测试 UE进行本小区的测量， 所述辅测试 UE进行相应小区 的测量并将测量结果经测试 UE后台上报所述主测试 UE， 所述主测试 UE将由 所述测试 UE后台上报的测量结果与本小区的测量结果合成测量报告上报给 RNC;
步骤 2、 所述 RNC根据测量报告中的测量结果进行软切换的判决和执行， 当上报的测量结果中邻近小区优于当前驻留小区的标准后 , 所述 RNC 向所述 主测试 UE发起激活集更新命令， 增加无线链路；
步骤 3、 主测试 UE响应 RNC命令， 完成软切换。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的基于单链路测试 UE在空中接口测试软切换的 方法， 其特征在于， 所述的步驟 1之前还包括以下步骤：
步骤 A、 所述测试 UE后台获得测试区域内的各小区主扰码；
步骤 B、 所述主测试 UE建立无线链路。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 1所述的基于单链路测试 UE在空中接口测试软切 换的方法， 其特征在于， 所述的步驟 1具体包括以下步骤：
步骤 la、 所述主测试 UE接到 RNC发起的测量命令， 启动自身的测量， 进 行本小区的测量， 同时提取测量命令中的测量周期， 并将测量命令和测量周 期发至所述测试 UE后台； 步骤 lb、 所述测试 UE后台接到测量命令后， 将测量命令和测量周期发至 所述辅测试 UE, 顺次启动各邻小区的测量；
步骤 lc、 所述辅测试 UE接到测量命令后，根据相应的主扰码启动相应小 区的测量， 并在所述辅测试 UE测量周期内将测量结果上报所述测试 UE后台； 步骤 ld、 测试 UE后台保留各邻小区的测量结果， 当测量上^ :艮周期到达后 将各小区的结果上报所述主测试 UE, 所述主测试 UE将由所述测试 UE后台上 报的测量结果与本小区的测量结果合成测量报告上报给 RNC。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的基于单链路测试 UE在空中接口测试软切换的 方法， 其特征在于， 步骤 la 中所述的主测试 UE提取测量命令中的测量周期 根 据 频 内 测 量 中 的 命 令 参 数 TIntraFreqReportCri ter ia_U. reportCr i teria. u. per iodicalReport ingCr i ter ia. periodicalReport ingCri ter ia. report inglnterval来获取。
5、 根据权利要求 3所述的基于单链路测试 UE在空中接口测试软切换的 方法， 其特征在于， 步骤 lc中所述的辅测试 UE测量周期为：
辅测试 UE测量周期 = RNC发起的测量命令中的测量周期 I 测试区域内 的小区个数。
6、 根据权利要求 4所述的基于单链路测试 UE在空中接口测试软切换的 方法， 其特征在于， 步骤 lc中所述的辅测试 UE测量周期为：
辅测试 UE测量周期 = RNC发起的测量命令中的测量周期 I 测试区域内 的小区个数。
7、 根据权利要求 1、 2、 4、 5或 6所述的基于单链路测试 UE在空中接口 测试软切换的方法， 其特征在于， 所述的步骤 3具体包括以下步骤: 步驟 3a、主测试 UE接到激活集更新命令后，将相应的主扰码配置到无线 链路上， 并返回激活集更新完成消息；
步骤 3b、 RNC接到该消息后， 软切换第一步完成， 当链路维持一定阶段 后， RNC向主测试 UE发起激活集更新消息后， 删除第一条无线链路；
步骤 3c、 主测试 UE接到该命令后， 直接返回激活集更新完成消息； 步骤 3d、 MC接到该消息后， 软切换完成。
8、 根据权利要求 3所述的基于单链路测试 UE在空中接口测试软切换的 方法， 其特征在于， 所述的步骤 3具体包括以下步骤:
步骤 3a、主测试 UE接到激活集更新命令后，将相应的主扰码配置到无线 链路上， 并返回激活集更新完成消息；
步骤 3b、 RNC接到该消息后， 软切换第一步完成， 当链路维持一定阶段 后， RNC向主测试 UE发起激活集更新消息后 , 删除第一条无线链路；
步據 3c、 主测试 UE接到该命令后， 直接返回激活集更新完成消息； 步骤 3d、 RNC接到该消息后， 软切换完成。
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CN1395809A (zh) * 2000-01-18 2003-02-05 西门子公司 在无线通信系统中分散地管理测试结果的方法
EP1156698A1 (fr) * 2000-05-19 2001-11-21 Alcatel Procédé de signalisation de paramètres de mode compressé à une station mobile
CN1529434A (zh) * 2003-09-29 2004-09-15 中兴通讯股份有限公司 宽带码分多址系统到个人便携式电话系统间切换的判决方法

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