WO2006081596A1

WO2006081596A1 - Building board, building element or the similar

Info

Publication number: WO2006081596A1
Application number: PCT/AT2005/000141
Authority: WO
Inventors: Johann Berger
Original assignee: Johann Berger
Priority date: 2005-02-04
Filing date: 2005-04-26
Publication date: 2006-08-10
Also published as: US20090044484A1; EA200701658A1; CA2596138A1; EP1843881A1; AT505954A1; EA012073B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a building board or a building element having a multilayer structure, preferably wood-based and consisting of at least three bonded to each other layers, wherein a layer (5) is made of a material, preferably wood-based, which consists of vertically oriented (fv) vertical fibres (50) and is formed as a core layer between two covering layers (3, 4) made of a layer, preferably wood-based, material, the vertical fibres (50) are oriented substantially in a vertical direction with respect to the main extension (ed) of the covering layers (3, 4), in the preferred embodiment, the vertical fibre layer (50) comprises a plurality of vertical cavities (6) which completely transverse said layer and are oriented in a direction (hv) in conformity with the vertical orientation (fv) of the vertical fibres (50) of the material, preferably wood, of which said layer (5) is made. A method for producing the inventive building boards and elements is also disclosed.

Description

Building board, component od. Like.

The present invention relates to a new building board or a new component,. in particular load-bearing, structural, wall, cladding element or the like with a multilayer structure, preferably based on wood or wood materials, which (s) with at least three materially bonded together layers, layers, sheets, films od. Like., In particular with two spaced-apart and mutually parallel cover layers and at least one arranged between them and connected to them core layer is formed. It is a large number of built according to different principles

Substantially plate and / or beam-like building, structural, supporting, wall ünd / or cladding elements for various purposes, such as for installation in already existing building structures provided components od. Like. With layer structure for

New construction, expansion, renovation, equipment od. Like. Of buildings, structures, buildings u. Like. As well as for mobile buildings, separators od. Like., As, for. for exhibitions,

Fairs, presentations, markets or the like, as well as, in particular, for panels for furnishing buildings and for partition elements in buildings, with heat and sound insulation panels or the like, for the furniture and trade fair sector and for and lining elements in vehicle and boat or shipbuilding, for the equipment of caravans, motorhomes od. Like. Or also for construction and construction auxiliary equipment, such as formwork in building u. Like. Known and come today in large and still increasing extent used.

On the basis of concrete experience gained in practice and of extensive test series within the scope of corresponding development work, it has now been possible to design new building panels or components or the like of the type mentioned above with substantially improved strength, sound and thermal insulation values as well as other favorable physical properties. structural, building physics and biological properties to create, which in particular when they - as preferred manner - from or at least predominantly with biogenic materials, ie in particular with natural, ie grown, wood or on such based wood materials, created by high Quality of use and environmental friendliness and further characterized by biodegradability and thus high disposal quality.

The invention is now. as mentioned construction panels or components, in particular structural, structural, wall, cladding elements od .. 1 the like according to the O berbegriff of claim 1, which have the features disclosed in the characterizing part of this claim (s) or combination of features.

By the present invention necessarily provided alignment of the fibers or

5 Fibers of the core layer transversely, so at least substantially perpendicular to the main extension of the new building boards is fully preserving the high mechanical strength and resistance, vibration damping and Wärmeisolier- a building physics and biology valuable, balancing effective

Transverse diffusion of moisture u. Like. And at the same time is a high mechanical in ^{ι υ} load capacity and load capacity of the new components or in particular also

Area loadability ensured with the new building board.

The tendency for shrinkage or expansion of wood in the fiber direction is e.g. when the ambient humidity changes, it is very low and at a maximum of about 1%, which means that, given changing environmental conditions, a practically constant thickness of

15 preferably substantially higher thickness than the cover layers having vertical fiber core layer and thus substantially the entire component or the entire new building board is guaranteed.

The new building board or the new component od. Like. Enables large

20 extent for which compared to its cover layers relatively thick and thus relatively high proportion of the total volume of the same or the same engaging core, so vertical fiber layer in each case usual and in each case the market situation as cost-effective and advantageously even rather inferior woods, waste woods and In particular, to use light woods, which in any case essential

25 can achieve cost savings without having to accept losses in terms of stability and strength of the new components.

A significant further advantage is that as a result of the "vertical orientation" of the fibers or Fibers in the vertical fiber layer just wood with low density and / or transverse strength can be used, but still in the direction of wood fiber against the action of pressure are sufficiently stable in the direction of fiber, which mechanically stable building panels with previously unachievable low space densities can be realized, whereby the material thickness of the new plates,. Carrier u. Like. Can be kept low, if necessary. It should be emphasized at this point that the term "structural panels", which is often used here, is by no means limited to structural 35

, Formwork and cladding panels for buildings relates, but also in general

Plates for various other purposes ^' such as for the construction equipment, furniture and Einrichturigsindustrie and for a variety of support and Trenhelemente u. like for ₁ construction and other purposes are to be understood.

According to the embodiment particularly preferred within the scope of claim 1 is od in particular in the sense of today more and more required substantial reduction of the weight or the mass of the current building board or the like. Like. And thus much improved ease of handling and mobility of the same at quite high Stability and mechanical strength provided that the - preferably formed with wood - vertical fiber layer with a variety of the same fully interspersed - with the extent of the cover plates, substantially vertical orientation of the vertical fibers or -Fasern the material forming this ¹⁰ layer, Preferably, wood, at least substantially matching, in particular to the same parallel orientation having - vertical cavities, - recesses, - milled holes, bores od. Like. Is formed.

The advantage of this in the context of the invention particularly preferred

Embodiment is based on that it was found that by the with the fiber

Direction conformally aligned vertical cavities in the vertical fiber layer, a substantial reduction in the weight of the new building board can be achieved, but by no means - as might be expected - the strength dramatically lowers, but (moisture) transverse diffusivity and moisture balance are significantly increased 0 ,

Examples 2, 3 and 4 give details of the preferred embodiments of the invention for the properties of the new construction boards or components, the favorable shaping and distribution of the vertical cavities, and preferred dimensional ratios between void volume 25 and wood mass to take the vertical fiber layer.

Quite essential, it can be when using. Wood in construction to pay close attention to fire safety.

With the coating of the inner walls of the vertical cavities with an intumescent polymer mass which is described in detail in FIG

^ n. ^■ .

^■ Layer thickness can be done in a simple manner, preferably by spraying from these cavities during the ongoing production process briefly introduced nozzles, a highly secure fire retardancy is achieved by filling the cavities with the foaming in the heat polymer, in particular by the fact that each

Air supply is prevented. 35. ,

Furthermore, an embodiment of the new building board or the like is preferred

Claim 6. with respect to their materials and / or material properties at least substantially matching outer layers; -A-

<\ The claim 7 is one, in particular in the sense of a high manufacturing

Economics to take advantage of advantageous variant of the vertical fiber layer of the building board according to the invention.

The claims 8 to 11 disclose in the sense of further increasing the

5 mechanical strength and distortion resistance favorable embodiments of the new

Building board od. Like., In which within the vertical fiber layer "upright", ie also "vertical", the strength-increasing stiffening or reinforcing strips, preferably made of wood, for which, however, in special cases quite other materials , such as As plastics or metals in question are arranged ⁰ are.

To the two embodiments of the structural panel according to claim 8 is to be additionally stated that plates are provided according to the first mentioned there variant mainly for the furniture and interior fittings, and that

Plates according to the second variant mainly for load-bearing components, ie z. B. for 5. ^{'■ ■} . ^{• '■}

Blankets and Like. Are suitable.

The claim 12 is to be taken in the context of the invention, a particularly preferred embodiment of the new building board with reinforcing bars, which is characterized by particularly high mechanical stability, strength and shape consistency. The claims 13 and 14 disclose advantageous training variants of the outer layers and with regard to the highest possible weight reduction advantageous materials for the vertical fiber layer of the new building board, the new device od. Like.

The claim 15 deals with a special embodiment of the 5 Vertikälfaser layer, which is preferably formed from or with individual, laterally bonded to each other via their vertical side edges vertical fiber bodies.

In particular, with regard to a cost-effective production, the use of as described in the claims .16, 17, 18 and 19 in detail embodiments of the vertical fiber body for the formation of the vertical fiber layer of the new building boards, components od. Like. Especially preferred.

As regards the lateral cover, that is to say the covering of the narrow side flanks of the new structural panels or components or the like, the claim 20 gives more details.

The claim 21 is a special, either only bogeηartig curved or possibly even dome-like curved construction panel od. The like. According to a further embodiment of the invention can be seen, which is z. B. for. Cladding of components with correspondingly curved or curved "topography". ^ are suitable.

The invention is also not limited to plates OD. Like. For a variety of purposes, it is further on support elements, support od. Like. In construction directed, so on itself predominantly longitudinally extending components with support function,

5 which combine the advantages of high mechanical strength with the other favorable characteristics of wood. In An n s p r u c h 22 is a particularly preferred within the scope of the invention construction and embodiment of such

Support element, belt carrier od. Like. Revealed. It should be emphasized that here - if only the basic principle of the structure according to the invention is maintained, any type of ^υ configuration of such support elements is open.

The A n s p rures 23 and 24 disclose a total of four specific purpose-oriented and -erfüllende forms of the new building boards or components od. Like., Which on the one hand as Schallschluckelemente or -platten and on the other hand as

Sound generation, amplification or resonance elements in the PA equipment and 5

Instrument making and further for a very different purpose, namely for highly stable

Doors of burglar-proof doors od. Like. Can be used.

Since sound absorption panels according to claim 23 in residential and working, such. B. Studio rooms are built, since the preferred material for this is just wood, the 0 fire protection pay highest attention: It has now been found that a thin coating of the inner walls of the vertical cavities of the vertical fiber layer with a fire-resistant polymer, even if the thickness of the - entirely made of wood - plate is only 2 cm, and therefore their vertical cavities ultimately have a depth of only about 1.5 cm, quite sufficient to easily achieve a Brändhemmwirkung 5, which on in each case corresponds to fire protection class F90 (at least 90 min fire retardant effect), but in most cases this value is far surpassed by F90.

So if, for example, in a building, the ceilings with exclusively made of wood building boards according to the invention, for example in sandwich construction are multi-layered, it is sufficient, as appropriate tests have shown, well, on the affected by a possible fire or endangered page, ie z. As in ceilings usually on the viewing or underside, as just described, acted upon with the fire retardant polymer in the vertical cavities thin plate of. The basic design according to the invention to arrange, and it is given in this simple way the full fire protection, although in several layers, the ceiling itself forming, z. to each other laminated building boards made of wood absolutely no fire protection paint od. Like. Have. Of course, on both sides as well be described ceiling provided with fire retardant polymer fire protection panels.

As regards the special embodiment of the new building boards mentioned in the second part of claim 24, it is the same for load-bearing floors, ceilings, wall elements and the like. Like., In which increased fire protection is required, particularly suitable. Such plates may e.g. be used in railway, vehicle, ship and aircraft construction, further for installation in traffic structures, such. Tunnels, for security door leaves u. like.

The invention relates to a completely new variant of the new structural panel which can be used as a ceiling heating element or directly as a heating module or heating component, although the same consists predominantly of wood or of a wood-based material.

The invention relates to particularly preferred within the scope of the invention

Training variants of wall, curtain wall, ceiling elements od. Like. High

Heat and sound insulation effect using the structural panels according to the invention, in particular in its basic form.

In the sense of the above statements regarding the achievement of the highest fire protection safety, an embodiment of the building boards, components or the like is particularly preferred according to claim 27, whereby the fire safety values required according to "F90" are always achieved, but are usually exceeded by far. so that any concerns against the base material wood, which is based on the new building boards or components, dissipate. As regards the advantageously inflammable and flammable wood that can be used according to this claim, the advantage here is that it is quite sufficient for the vertical fiber layer to be fireproof wood, such as wood. B. oak wood, which may well be of inferior quality to use, for which otherwise could be found so far practically no use and therefore quite cost-effective.

A n p pe rs 28 and 29 pertain to further, specific types of use in the art. Construction directed, advantageous embodiments of wall, ceiling elements od. Like. According to the invention using the new building boards.

The A n s p r u c h 30 is a mechanically particularly stable, structuring, with the high. Sound and thermal insulation properties

Building panels according to the invention equipped to remove component.

The examples ^' 31 and 32 have wall or wall sections as described above.

Ceiling elements or plates drums Like. The subject, in which od for a strong connection to the load-bearing concrete. The like is taken care of and the further on 1 Conventional manner provided with a plaster layer or already provided with a finished plaster covering.

The A n s p r u c h 33 relates to wall panels according to the invention equipped with thermal and acoustic insulation wall elements od. Like., Which can be created in situ, ie 5 directly, created at the installation or already created as finished elements, can be used.

Subjects 34 and 35 have handling-friendly, characterized by low weight Wandungselemente, wall plates od. Like., The subject, which in particular for - intended for frequent relocation ^{ι υ} lightweight constructions, fixtures in buildings, for exhibition purposes, for trade fair constructions u , Like., And whose visual or surface design is formed by conventional means or in a known per se.

Furthermore, the inventions 36 to 38 relate in the context of the invention to a particularly advantageous 5, which is characterized by economical production methods

Process for the preparation of two favorable main variants of the new

Building boards and indeed for the particularly preferred within the scope of the invention that they are formed wholly or at least predominantly with wood. It should now be briefly mentioned here that the procedure according to claims 36 and 37 - Q despite seemingly complex, multi-stage procedure - yet distinguished by particularly high manufacturing economy, since all process steps are easily fully automated and thus the staff costs can be minimized.

The claims 39 to 46 relate to the inventively provided main areas of application and use or the use of the new 5 building panels, components od. Like., For which they are particularly suitable. However, other or further application sectors are by no means excluded.

Overall, it should be noted that the new building panels, components od. Like. By low weight at the same high - in particular by the inventively provided "cross-bond" of relatively different, in particular vertical orientation of the fibers or fiber having cover layers and core layer and any Armierungsleisten impaired - mechanical bending, torsional and compressive strength and characterized by high heat and sound insulation properties, further by high efficiency, in particular with regard to the (wood) material used for their production,. which just includes essentially inexpensive 5 economically useful woods, and especially with regard to the nature of the manufacturing itself, which is easily automated. Regarding the economy is further. pointed out, for example, that when milling the grooves for the vertical fiber body accumulated Spanungs-Abfallhόlz for the production of the top sheet of these construction boards of the new building boards or generally for chipboard can be used, further for direct energy production by combustion for the production of wood distillate products, melamine raw u. like.

Under no circumstances od the aspect of high environmental compatibility of the new, in the context of the invention od preferably made of natural wood without treatment with chemicals. Like. Made construction panels indicate that ultimately easily biodegradable and traceable to the natural cycle or without generation of fossil CO _{2 are} energy-recyclable.

Reference to the drawing, the invention is explained in more detail:

1 is an oblique view of a partially cut building board according to the invention, the Fig. 2 in an oblique view of a particularly preferred

Embodiment of the vertical fiber layer provided for the formation of the vertical fiber layer

3, one of the vertical fiber bodies formed vertical fiber body bar with its side edges bonded reinforcing bars in conjunction with other vertical fiber bodies, Fig. 4 is a schematic oblique view of a grooved beam of the starting component for the production of vertical fiber Body forms, also in conjunction with other such beams, Fig. 5 to 7 a similar variant of the production of new building boards with another embodiment of the vertical fiber layer, the Fig. 8 in an oblique view with the new building panels both sides equipped Wandungselement, Fig. 9 shows a sectional view through a located in the production phase, created locally using the new building panels wall piece, Fig. 10 schematically shows the on-site creation of a from the outset equipped with the new sound and heat-insulating construction panels according to the invention concrete ceiling the principle of the ve 11 and 12 two intermediate wall elements based on the new building board, FIG. 13 shows a three-layer wall element created with the new building boards in section, FIG. 14 shows an oblique view of a building board designed as a sound absorption slab according to the invention, FIG. 15 schematically shows a building panel designed as a heating element, FIGS. 16 and 17 show quasi-photographic views of two building panels partially deprived of their visible side covering, which are made entirely of wood, FIGS. 18 to 20 illustrate a particularly preferred within the scope of the invention Fig. 21 shows one of the possible embodiments of a support built on the same basic principle as the building board, and Fig. 22 shows a building board according to the invention with a bow-like curved shape. 1 The structural panel 1 shown in an oblique view in FIG. 1 comprises as

Main components, together by means of hot-bonding od. Like. Connected, a first cover layer 3 with a thickness dd3 and spaced from the same and arranged parallel to them cover layer 4 with a thickness dd4 and - between these two 5 cover layers 3 and 4 as the core layer a fiber 50 or a fiber in the direction fv perpendicular to the two-dimensional extent ed of the cover plates 3 and 4 having - vertical fiber layer 5. This layer 5 is arranged with - to linear-straight vertical fiber body strips or strips 510 in a row, formed on their opposite side edges 55 to each other, here approximately ^{ι υ} cuboid - formed vertical fiber bodies 51 having a width bv.

Between adjacent, directed towards the viewer vertical fiber body strips 510 are - in the embodiment shown here - each adjacent to the vertical longitudinal side edges 511, upstanding Armierungsbzw. Stiffening strips 7 with narrow rectangular cross-section with upper and lower narrow side 72 and both sides vertical flank surfaces 71 arranged. These reinforcing or stiffening strips 7 are also formed here with wood, the direction fl of the fiber 70 coinciding with the longitudinal extension direction II of this reinforcing strips 7. For the structural strength of the new building board 1 particularly favorable and within the scope of the invention, it is particularly preferable if the wood fiber 70 of the reinforcing strips 7 runs in a direction fl which is perpendicular to the fibers fd3, fd4 which coincide with each other or extend parallel to each other 30, 40 des.die two top surfaces 3 and 4 forming wood, so if 5 a "crossed" course of the fibers 30, 40 of the Abdeckflächeh 3.4 is provided relative to the fibers 70 of the reinforcing strips 7.

At this point, it should be clearly pointed out that not every vertical fiber body strip 50 must be accompanied by a voltage applied to it Reinforcing strip 7, but it can, depending on the required strength and (torsional) stiffness. the new building board in the vertical fiber layer 5 quite two or more vertical fiber body strips .510 without arranged between them Armierungsleiste 7, so be arranged directly along each other, so that z. B. only, after two or more directly juxtaposed extending vertical fiber body strips 510 a

Armierungsleiste 7 follows and then again two or more directly to each other 35

, extending vertical fiber body strips 7 without intermediate reinforcing strip 7 and so on. ^■

It should also be made clear that, especially if the ^ new building boards 1 are exposed to relatively little or virtually no loads, so if they are z. B. are provided for heat or sound insulation panels without significant support function, of course, no reinforcing bars between the vertical fiber body strips 510 may be provided, so that this

5 strips 510 all longitudinally directly adjacent to each other without interruption by reinforcing bars form an ultimately uniform vertical fiber body layer 5. For this case, it is particularly advantageous if the outer layers 3 and 4 are not formed of grown wood, but as no pronounced Faserungsrichtung having wood chip homogenous plates, which are direct and compact and quite ^{ι u} small material thickness, eg. B. between 3 and 5 mm.

In the context of the invention is - particularly for reasons of a substantial reduction in the weight of the building panels 1 - provided in a particularly preferred manner that. The vertical fiber layer 5 and the same forming vertical fiber body 51 of a plurality of mutually parallel and preferably 5 ^{'' ■ ■..} ^{■ •} arranged uniformly distributed in the direction of the fibers 50 fv of vertical fiber body 51 extends, the vertical fiber layer 5 of the cover plate 3 to top plate 4 fully passes through, in the vertical direction hv aligned vertical cavities 6, ie of channels, Holes, enforcements od. Like., With advantageously simply shaped 0 cross sections Qh, such as with rectangular, square, U or circular cross-section - as shown in Fig. 1 - is traversed or are!

It should also be clearly stated at this point that the outer layers 3 and 4 are not necessarily made of wood or wood-based materials such. B. homogenous plates, but from a variety of materials, such. from reinforced and / or longitudinally stretched plastics, made of metals, paper and cardboard, from textile nonwovens, woven fabrics, films or the like, but it is preferred that these materials be substantially one they intrinsically inherent parallel fiber structure, as particularly preferred in wood or eg also in the case of highly stretched plastics. It may further od with substantially uniform orientation having silicate or carbon fibers. Like. Reinforced plastics as material for the outer layers 3 and 4 find use.

Concerning the above-mentioned reinforcing bars 7 in the vertical fiber layer 5, the materials constituting them are practically the same as just stated for the top surfaces 3 and 4, they also advantageously have longitudinal fiber or longitudinal fiber reinforcement, as in wood in particular the case is.

The vertical fiber layer 5 is particularly within the scope of the present invention. , - H -

₁ preferably formed with conventional wood or light wood, it being for stability and

Strength of the new building boards plays virtually no role, if this wood has only average or in many cases even below average quality, which contributes to a not insignificant reduction in the cost of the new building boards 1, without

5 that their quality is adversely affected.

On their side edges, the vertical fiber layer 5 of the new building board 1 is advantageously covered with edge strips 2 or the like, to the outside.

Fig. 2 shows - with otherwise constant reference numerals meaning - one of - in multiplicity the vertical fiber layer 5 shown in Fig. 1 forming, to each other

Faser π ^{ι u} bound - Vertikälfaser body 51: He has in the form shown here in the

Essentially cuboid basic shape with a width bv on. The height hk of the body 51 is, depending on the desired total thickness of the building board 1, variable. The vertical fiber body 51 has an approximately comb-like cross-sectional shape with base or comb beam 53 and of the same vertical and freely ending projecting, here with each other equally shaped 15th

Dental processes 52 with end surfaces 521 on. Between the tooth extensions 52, incisions or tooth spaces 54 are likewise arranged here which are equally shaped relative to each other and which ultimately form the vertical cavities 6 in the vertical fiber layer 5 according to FIG. The comb bar 52 has a width bb, the tooth extensions 52 have the

20 width bz and the tooth spaces 54 between them the width br. Optionally, the just mentioned widths bb, bz and br may be equal to each other. The total cross-sectional area of the wood mass of the vertical fiber body 51 is designated Qm. The width of the vertical fiber body strips 510 is here designated by bl and is equal to the width bv of the vertical fiber body 51 shown in FIG.

25 Fig. 3 shows - with otherwise identical reference numerals meaning - a in

Composite with other similar vertical fiber body strips 510 present, with several comb-like, each about their tooth end faces 521 and their base beams 53 together glued together vertical fiber bodies 51 vertical fiber body strip 510 with its vertical side edges 511. The vertical fiber strip 510 is - optionally with the interposition of a respective reinforcement or reinforcing strip 7 - connected on both sides with similar vertical fiber strips 510, they form a total of the vertical fiber layer 5 of the new building board. 1

As a result of the merger of the vertical fiber bodies 51 with the vertical fiber body bar 510, the tooth spaces 54 of the vertical fiber body - as shown in FIG. 2 - form.

35

Body 51, the - here oblong-rectangular cross section having - vertical cavities

6. The ratio of its longitudinal side to. whose broad side is for example in the extreme (1: 10) to (1: 1) and advantageously about (2: 3) to (3: 4). What concerns a particularly preferred within the present invention and characterized by high efficiency method for producing the vertical fiber layer 5 of the new building boards 1 and provided for their formation vertical fiber body 51, so there - with otherwise constant reference numerals - the Fig. 4 in conjunction with Figs., 2 and 3 more information:.

Fig. 4 shows a plurality of superposed, each upper and lower side adjacent to each other to a strip body 580 connected, longitudinally extending beam 58 made of wood, in each of which - the cross-sectional shape of the shown in Fig. 2 individual vertical fiber body 51 according - a plurality of mutually parallel longitudinal grooves 60 have been milled in a method step I, which has not already been shown separately here, and has already been carried out previously.

By means perpendicular to the direction of longitudinal extension ib of the grooved beam 58 - in the particular desired thickness of the vertical fiber layer 5 in the building board 1 corresponding, equally spaced as S - running sections S, in a second step Il provided with the first grooves 60 bars 58th divided into the individual vertical fiber body strips 510, as they are, albeit temporarily in another position, shown in FIG.

This vertical fiber body Leisteri 510 are pivoted in the transition from the second step II to the third step III of the manufacturing process by 90 ° in the position shown in FIG. 3 and arranged in a plurality of rows next to each other. Together with the respectively laterally to be arranged between the same reinforcing strips 7, the vertical fiber body strips 510 are laterally adjacent to each other adjacent to each other by gluing and ultimately form the vertical fiber layer 5. After gluing of the underside, so united to the layer 5 vertical fiber body strips 510 on the lower cover layer 4 made of wood and bound to the same.

It is particularly effective in the event that in the vertical fiber layer 5 reinforcing bars should be provided to proceed so that before the separation of the strip body 580 in the vertical fiber body strips 510 on the same - see Fig. 4 - the front one of the thickness the desired reinforcing strip 7 is adhered to the strip body 580 correspondingly thick board with here perpendicular Faserers. Through the cuts S also in the vertical direction vertical fiber body strips 510 are obtained, which at least on one side with the - along with them through the

Section S resulting - reinforcing strip are connected. , , -. , ^• • ^{• '} .

Finally, in step IV of the change, here upper side - after

Gluing the top of the vertical fiber body layer 5 - the top cover layer 3 is applied, after which all the above components using pressure and 1 possibly combined with heating to the ensemble of the building board 1.

Another way of producing the new vertical fiber body layer 5 is shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 with otherwise identical reference numerals.

In a first step are in the same manner as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 in

5 longitudinally extending strips, boards, beams 58 or the. Like., In longitudinal extension and

Grain direction extending, mutually parallel grooves 60 incorporated, the so ^"obtained grooved bar 58 are shown as the same in the following Figure 6, since at Since -.. Not through the other, but just next to each other - placed against one another so that their grooves 60 by a Page - this is in Fig. 6 after

¹⁰ above - are open. Then, on the freely upwardly projecting tooth extensions 52 and on the ends 521 possibly one, the open grooves 60 of juxtaposed grooved bars 58 covering wood panel with a fiber perpendicular to the course of the grooves 60 are glued, from the last - as before described - Armierungsleisten 7, as indicated in Fig. 7 by broken lines 15, would arise.

According to FIG. 6, this does not happen, however, in the side-by-side bonded grooved beam 58, which overall form essentially a board-like strip body 580, by means of a saw blade - as symbolized in FIG.

20 perpendicular to the course of the grooves 60 extending cuts S introduced, and in this way the strip body 580 is separated into the individual vertical fiber body strips 510.

Thereafter, as indicated between Figs. 6 and 7 by an arrow, a 90 ° tilting of the vertical fiber body strips 7, which adjoin one another

25 are deposited on the first cover layer 4, in such a way that they each lie in the arrangement tooth extension 52 of a bar 51 O / comb bars 53 of the adjacent bar 510 together, at the same time the binding of the vertical fiber layer 5 to the lower cover layer 4 takes place , Finally, the vertical fiber layer 50 is glued on the upper side and the second, so here upper cover layer 3 applied to the same and to

Of). the same bound, usually by means of (hot) press under pressure.

Fig. 8 shows - with otherwise constant reference numerals - in an oblique view, the formation of a wall element 9 with two same limiting and acting as cladding, especially as thermal insulation panels, as previously described building panels 1 and 1 '. 35 •

The two construction panels. 1, 1 '. are arranged at a fixed position stabilized at a distance from each other, wherein the intermediate space 90 arranged between the same of evenly distributed, the same bridging and substantially inside to the here First, once as formwork panels functioning building panels 1, 1 'adjacent spacer elements 91, which are formed here with pieces of pipe, for example made of plastic, is measured. Reinforcing bars 92 are introduced into the intermediate space 90.

On the inside, the structural panels 1, 1 'can be provided with a moisture-repellent but preferably vapor-permeable adhesion-promoting layer 19, e.g. be based on epoxy resin with a sanding provided.

In the space 90 between the two building panels 1 and 1 'is then e.g. Lightweight concrete 95 introduced, wherein it comes to the Umgießung the remaining in their interior spacer pipe sections 91 and the bond of the concrete 95 to the so-called a "permanent formwork" forming panels 1, 1 '.

After hardening of the concrete 95 a Waήdstück or such a finished wall element 9 is provided on both sides with finished heat and sound insulation panels 1, 1 '. On the outside, the plates 1, 1 'still with a.

Plaster carrier 181, e.g. be provided with a plaster network, or equal to a finished plaster 18.

The formation of the spacer elements 91 as inside empty pipe sections has the advantage that there vapor diffusion can take place across the wall 9. Of course, any other type of spacer element 9 can be used as well. With otherwise identical reference numerals, FIG. 9 shows schematically the real procedure for the creation of a wall or wall piece 9 "corresponding to the wall element shown in FIG shown there, such as the two - first serving as formwork panels and ultimately the lining of the wall piece forming - building panels 1, 1 'outside against deformation, in particular bulge, by means of retaining bars 901 and 902 od. dg ^' I. and through Schraubschäfte 903 with wing nuts 904 in Position are held before the backfilling of the reinforcing iron 92 accommodating gap 90 between the plates 1 and V with the concrete 95.

10 shows - with otherwise constant reference numerals - schematically the production of a ceiling 9 "by forming on a building boards 1 according to the invention, supported by screw supports 905 and retaining bars 901, - again" lost formwork "- after laying the reinforcing rods 92nd the ceiling 9 "with concrete 95 is poured. After solidification of the same, the support structure 901,

905 is removed, and it is a finished, for example, with a sound or acoustic

Paneling at the Plafond Furnished Concrete Ceiling 9 ".

Fig. 11 shows - with otherwise constant reference numerals - another wall element 9 '", which with a building board 1 and on both sides of the same - 15 - ^{■ • ■ '} . ^• bound commercial plasterboard 190 is formed.

Instead of the gypsum plaster boards 190, high-refractory anti-brimstone mineral fiber boards may be applied, and in this way a wall with F90 fire retardancy may be created. In a still simpler built, directly as such e.g. when

Intermediate wall element 9 ^IV usable, in Fig. 12 - with otherwise constant reference numerals meaning - shown building board 1, the two outer layers 3, 4 are the same even with the plasterboard 190 or the. Like. Formed.

Fig. 13 shows - with otherwise constant reference numerals - a with three mutually parallel spaced building panels 1, V, 1 "formed wall element 9 ^V , wherein in the two spaces 90 between two of the plates 1, 1 ', the first Distance holding elements 91, for example, from a plurality of mutually bonded, as shown in principle in FIGS. 1 and 2 correspondingly simpler designed vertical fiber bodies 51, are arranged. ,

Fig. 14 shows - with otherwise constant reference numerals meaning - designed as an acoustic or Schallschluck cladding panel for acoustically neutral spaces building panel 1, which differs from the e.g. 1 mainly differs in that in the sound generator 4 facing the same penetrating, here oval sound-absorbing openings 41 are incorporated, which the access of the sound to the visible as a result of the openings 41 vertical fiber layer. 5 with the - here as the sound energy by multiple reflection annihilating Schallschluck- cavities functioning - vertical cavities 6 releases.

Fig. 15 shows - with otherwise constant reference numerals - schematically, a od as a modular plate heating element ^VI or directly as a radiator. Like. Trained and usable embodiment of the new building board 1:

Here are in correspondingly large cross-section grooves 75 at the top of correspondingly wide-dimensioned reinforcing strips 7 of the vertical fiber layer 5 of a heating medium, e.g. Hot water, flow through copper heating tubes 76 or plastic airbags laid. The heating medium is, for example, by means of electric heating elements to the desired flow temperature and by means of electrically operated pump through the heating tubes 76 in circulation.

The thus formed for heating purposes building board can be expanded alone or together with other such heating building boards 9 ^VI to a kind of furnace body with arbitrary shape and, for example, outdoor tiling, which is either "self-sufficient" and mobile and od only a corresponding power connector, plug cable od. Like. Requires or via pipes or hoses to a heating spa ^ connected and can be supplied by the same with heating medium.

Substantially similar to how the just described heating building panels 9 ^VI can be built - when supplied with heat by means of a higher-heated medium or electrical heating conductors - to the rear highly heat-insulated heating plates for

5 hot presses, e.g. can be used for veneer presses in the woodworking and furniture industry.

Furthermore, show - in otherwise the same reference numerals meanings - Figures 16 and 17 are photo-like 1: 1 mappings of partially stripped of its upper cover layer 3, and the view of the vertical fiber layer 5 releasing building panels 1. ^{ι u} In the embodiment of Fig. 16,. the vertical fiber bodies 51 are formed of elongated, mutually bonded individual elements with incorporated therein, U-shaped cross-sectional shape Qh having vertical cavities 6, wherein each two rows of these individual elements are combined and between two here "symmetrical" arranged to each other, so summarized 5 n

Individual elements an intermediate strip 7 is integrated.

In the variant according to FIG. 17 form - with each projecting on both sides "teeth" and each rectangular cross section Qh vertical cavities 6 formed therebetween - about "double comb" cross sectional shape having 0 vertical fiber body 51, the vertical fiber layer 5. Here are between this vertical fiber bodies 51 arranged transversely to the reinforcing strips 7, also "vertically-fiberized intermediate strips" 7 ° involved.

FIGS. 18 to 20 explain, with otherwise identical reference numerals, schematically a particularly preferred way of producing an advantageous embodiment of the new building board 1, inter alia for reasons of production economy.

Basic building block for the vertical fiber layer 5 of the new building board 1 shown here are advantageously - as shown in Fig. 18 - longitudinally extending boards 58 ', in which in the extension direction of the wood fiber 55 "mutually parallel grooves 60' ^• with each other the same, here approximately square , Cross-sectional shape are milled.

Several of these boards 58 'are - "side-by-side" with their longitudinal edges 55 "abutting each other - deposited on a finally provided for the formation of the reinforcing strips 7 of the building board 1, thin-layered strip plate 700' in a first partial position TL1 _. , See FIG 19, wherein care is taken by appropriate application of an adhesive for a longitudinal side binding of the boards 58 'to each other and for their surface bonding to the strip board 700th.

At the first sub-position TL1 of grooved boards 58 'is a second similar Partial layer TL2 of grooved boards 58 'bound, but the side edges 55' of the boards 58 'of the partial layer TL2 are arranged laterally offset from those of the boards 58' of the partial layer TL1.

To the second sub-layer TL2 a third sub-layer TL3 of boards 58 'is bound, and finally to the same one to the above-mentioned lower strip plate 700 similar strip plate 700 with the same direction of fiberization.

There is then a sandwich plate 580 'before, which to the formation of laterally of Armierungs-half strips T flanked vertical fiber body strips 510' by perpendicular to the course of the grooves 60 'and to the longitudinal extent and the fibrillation of the boards 58' in the partial layers TL1, TL2 and TL3 and in the direction of the Faserung of the strip boards 700 'at equal intervals as mutually guided, mutually parallel, sections S - symbolized by a saw blade - be shared.

After appropriate 90-degree pivoting of the thus formed "three-ply" vertical fiber body strips 510 are the same with their armor (Half) afford T applied to the lower cover layer 4 adjacent to each other, at the same time an adhesive bond of the vertical fiber body strips 510 to the same and above whose flanking reinforcing half strips T take place under the formation of reinforcing strips 7.

Finally, the surface bonding of the second covering layer 3 to the core or vertical fiber layer 5 formed in total with the vertical fiber body strips 510 takes place relative to the building board 1.

Fig. 21 shows - with otherwise constant reference numerals - an advantageous embodiment of a - built up according to the same principles as the building board just described - support or belt element 1 ^X : Between two lateral cover layers 3 and 4, which here in each case with at least two layers of wood are formed with mutually perpendicularly oriented fibrils, in the same way as in the building panel 1 according to the invention formed with a vertical fiber body strips 510 vertical fiber layer 5 is formed, not here between each vertical fiber body strip 510 a reinforcing strip 7 is arranged, but in each case after every second. The direction of their fibrillation is both perpendicular to the direction of the fibrillation in the vertical fiber layer 5 and to the direction of the fibrillation in each one of the two layers of the two outer layers 3 and 4.

The new support element 1 ^X differs from the previously described

"ordinary" building board 1 in that it prevails in one direction

Has longitudinal extent, and that the load, tension od. Like. The same in

Essentially does not occur in the direction of the fibrillation in the vertical fiber layer 5, but approximately perpendicular to the same. Fig. 22 shows schematically an arc-like curved shape of the new building board 1. Here, the vertical fiber body strips 510 along the generatrix of about a cylindrical surface upwardly convexly curved lower cover layer 4 are arranged side by side so that they each other

5 touch along their lower longitudinal edges.

Due to the convex curvature of the support surface, which provides this cover layer 4, formed between the vertical fiber body strips 510 extending along the same, widening upward, approximately wedge or zwickeiförmige longitudinal gaps 560 of, however, as expected Showed no negative effect on the mechanical and other properties of the curved, as described here, new building panel 1, as long as their wedge angle is in the range up to about 5 °. At the top, the vertical fiber body layer 5 is bonded to a corresponding, arcuately curved second cover layer

3 covered. 5

With this curved embodiment, the spectrum of use of the new building board 1, in that it is particularly adaptable to detailed architectural solutions, substantially expanded.

0

5

0

5

Claims

, ,

claims:

1. structural panel or component, in particular structural, wall, cladding, - carrier element od. Like. With a multi-layer structure, preferably based on wood or

Wood materials, which (s) od with at least three materially bonded together layers, layers, sheets,. Like., Preferably with two spaced and mutually parallel cover layers and at least one arranged between them and connected to them core layer is formed, characterized characterized in that between two, each with a flat, preferably compact, layer,

Plate or foil material, in particular from the group of wood, wood materials, such as

Plywood, plywood, chipboard, metals, textile and fiber materials,

Papers, papers, plastics, fiber-reinforced plastics, mineral-based building materials,

Stone, artificial stone and composites of two or more of the materials just mentioned, optionally multilayer, cover layers (3, 4) as the core layer, a vertical fiber layer (5) of a vertical fibers (50), vertical filaments od. Like. With substantially uniform Vertical orientation (fv) containing or formed with such or having such a fiber structure or fibrous material, preferably made of wood, wherein the vertical fibers (50) or the Fasererung of the vertical fiber layer (5), preferably wood -Vertikalfaserschicht, are oriented substantially perpendicular or at right angles to the main extent (ed) of the two outer layers (3, 4), and

- It is preferably provided that the vertical fiber layer (50), preferably wood vertical fiber layer, with a plurality of the same fully interspersed, with the vertical orientation (fv) of the vertical fibers (50) or -Fasern this layer (5) forming material, preferably wood, substantially matching or to the same and mutually parallel vertical alignment (hv) having vertical cavities (6), -ausnehmungen, -milled holes, bores od. Like. Is formed.

2. Building board or component od. Like. According to claim 1, characterized,. ,. that the vertical cavities (6) in the Vertikalfäser.-layer (5). same with each other y area size and / or geometric shape possessing cavity cross-sections

(Qh).

3. Building board or component od.-like. according to claim 1 or 2, 5, characterized in that the vertical cavities (6) within the vertical fiber layer (5) or in the forming them vertical fiber bodies (51), matrix or grid-like and preferably evenly distributed arranged are.

⁰ 4. Building board or component od. Like. According to one of claims 1 to 1.4, characterized in that the ratio of the totality of the cross-sectional areas (Qh) of the vertical cavities (6) in the vertical fiber layer (5) to the entirety of

Cross-sectional area (s) (Qm) of the same forming vertical fiber material, 5 preferably wood, between 5: 1 and 1: 5, preferably between 2: 1 and 1: 2, is.

5. Building board or component od. Like. According to one of claims 1 to 4, 0 characterized in that the inner walls, and preferably also the reason, the vertical cavities (6) of the vertical fiber layer (5) with a heat expanding in the event of fire and the vertical cavities (6) filling, intumescent fire protection, or fire propagation inhibiting polymer mass, such as, for example, on 5 basis of structure-water-containing silicates coated.

6. Building board or component od. The like. According to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized

- That the cover layers (3, 4) with mutually same materials, preferably with mutually identical woods and / or with mutually equal thicknesses (dd3, dd4) are formed, or

- That the cover layers (3, 4) with mutually different materials, such as irisbesondere with different types of wood and / or mutually different material thicknesses (dd3, dd4), but with substantially the same 5, physical, possibly direction-dependent the same

Variation behavior od. Like., When changing the environmental conditions, such as changes in temperature, humidity or the like., Are formed. 7. building board or component or the like according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the vertical fiber layer (5) with a plurality of - with at least two of them with the vertical orientation (fv) of the vertical fibers ( 50) or fiber matching alignment vertical flank surfaces (55) arranged adjacent to each other and preferably materially bonded together - vertical fiber bodies (51), preferably made of wood, is formed.

8. building board or component od. Like. According to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that with the vertical cavities (6) formed vertical fiber body (51) in the vertical fiber layer (5) as linear-straight are arranged in a row, preferably with each other equal width (bv) having, vertical fiber body strips or strip (510) are formed,

which are arranged either directly longitudinally adjacent to one another and preferably bound together,

- It is preferred in this case that the two cover layers (3, 3) are formed from compact wood chipboard or -Homogenplatten without pronounced Faserungsrichtung, or

- That in each case between adjacent such strips (510) at their mutually facing vertical longitudinal edge surfaces (511) adjacent, preferably bound to the same, mutually parallel Armierungsbzw. Stiffening strips (7) are arranged, - wherein it is preferred for the latter case, if the two

Cover layers (3, A) are formed of wood, the Faseruhg or fibers parallel to each other, but perpendicular to the direction of the longitudinal direction (II) of the reinforcing strips (7) extending fiber (70) thereof is aligned or are.

9. structural panel or component or the like according to one of claims 1 to 8 * characterized in that the reinforcing or stiffening strips (7) have elongated rectangular cross-section and for the FaIIj .Dass they essentially the same physical .. ..

Property change behaviors when environmental conditions change

Direction perpendicular to the Haupterstrecküng (ed) of the top surfaces (3, 4), as the vertical fiber body strips (510) and the vertical fiber formed with them j layer (5) - with their upper and lower side narrow side surfaces (72) are materially bonded to the cover layers (3, 4).

10. structural panel or component od. Like. According to one of claims 1 to 8, 5 characterized in that the reinforcing or stiffening strips (7) have oblong-rectangular cross-section and in the event that they are in the direction perpendicular to the main extension ( ed) of the cover surfaces (3, 4) or to their fibrillation (70) have a different physical property change behavior when the ambient conditions h ⁰ change than the vertical fiber bodies (51) or vertical fiber body strips (510) or with them Although formed vertical fiber layer (5) with its longitudinal side surfaces (71) on both sides of the vertical fiber body strips (510) and preferably are bound to them, but with their two

Narrow side surfaces (72) on the top surfaces (3, A) formed on the inside not fitting 5 and are not bound to the same and their narrow side surfaces (72) od in a change in the ambient conditions occurring degree of transverse to the fiber expansion or the like said strips (7) corresponding extent of the cover surfaces (3, 4) are spaced apart. 0

11. Bauplatte or component od. Like. According to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the Armierungs- or stiffening strips (7) made of a fiber (70) or a Faserung with substantially uniform orientation ( fl) in material along the longitudinal direction (II) comprising material, preferably made of wood, as just mentioned alignment of its fiber, which is substantially perpendicular to the direction of the fibers or fiberization of the vertical fiber layer (5).

12. Building board or component or the like according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that - for the preferred case that their two cover layers (3, 4) with substantially mutually identical or parallel alignment (fd3, fd4) of the fibers (30, 40) or the fibrillation of the material forming them, preferably of the wood forming them, are formed - those mentioned in claims 8 to 11

Armierungs- or stiffening strips (7) in the vertical fiber layer (5) in their longitudinal direction (II) are arranged so that the fibers (70) and the Fibers of the material forming them, preferably wood, substantially perpendicular to the orientation (fd3, fd4) of the fibers (30, 40) or fibring of the two cover layers (3, 4) extend or run.

13. Building board or component or the like according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the two cover layers (3, 4) are substantially mutually identical or parallel to each other (fd3, fd4) of the fibers (30, 40) or fibrillation of the material forming them, preferably wood, are formed. 0

14. Building board or component or the like according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the vertical fiber layer (5) or the same forming vertical fiber body

(51) or vertical body strips (510) from or with a conventional wood, such. B. 5

Oak, from or with such a wood of inferior quality or from or with a

Light wood, such as Balsa and Okume wood, with a density in the range of 0.1 to 0.8 g / cm ³ , is formed or are.

o 15. Building board or component od. Like. According to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the vertical fiber layer (5) forming vertical fiber body (51) with mutually equal size and / or shape and / or from or with mutually identical materials, in particular from or with mutually similar woods 5 or wood uniform quality are formed.

16. Building board or component od. Like. According to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the vertical fiber layer (5) with their vertical edges (55) arranged adjacent to each other, in particular bound together, vertical fiber bodies

(51) each having a substantially comb-like cross-sectional shape with comb bars (53) and of the same, preferably at right angles, projecting tooth extensions

(52) is formed, wherein the tooth spaces (54) between them, the vertical cavities (6) of the. Vertical fiber layer (5) form. 5

17. structural panel or component or the like according to claim 16; characterized, r _| that the tooth spaces (54) of the vertical fiber body (51) od as a mutually parallel, preferably formed by milling, preferably with each other substantially the same depth, size or width or cross-sectional area and / or - shape, grooves, grooves. Like. Are formed.

5

18. Building board or component or the like according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the tooth spaces (54) of the vertical fiber body (51) or the vertical cavities (6) of the vertical fiber layer (5) have substantially elongated rectangular cross-sectional shape, optionally with a rounded base, wherein the rectangle length in relation to the width (5: 1) to (1: 1), preferably (5: 2) to (4: 3).

19, building board or component od. Like. According to one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that - in the case of the approximately comb-like shape of the cross section of the vertical fiber body (51) - the width (br) of the tooth spaces (54 ) is half to twice the width (bz, bb) of the tooth extensions (52) and / or the comb bar (53), but that preferably the above-mentioned widths (br, bb, bz). are essentially equal to each other.

20. Building board or component or the like, according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the same or the same at least two mutually oppositely extending, preferably at all, narrow sides flanks with cover strips (2), preferably made of wood, is complete.

21. Building board or component od. The like. According to one of claims 1 to 20,. characterized in that it or it is curved or arched, wherein the optionally in more than one layer stacked vertikälfaser body (51) or formed with them vertical fiber body strips (510) with their upper and. Bottom sides of the first and lower curved cover layer (4) and to the second or upper cover layer (3) are bonded and adjacent vertical fiber body (51) or vertical fiber body strips (510) - at the same convex curvature or Curvature of the first covering layer (4) - with its on this ■ _j cover layer (4) lying lower longitudinal edges are arranged directly adjacent to each other or -liegend and extending to the second or upper cover layer (3) towards each other at an acute angle diverge, wherein between the same to the second, upper cover layer (3) wedge-like widening elongated empty or

5 gussets are formed.

Od 22 component, in particular lightweight carrier, -bar, girth. Like. According to any one of claims 1 to 21, dadu rc HGE used to mark, that the component, in particular the carrier (1 ^X) have substantially the same basic structure with ⁰ Cover layers (3, 4) and between the same, optionally in several layers arranged vertical fiber layer (5) with vertical cavities (6) as the building boards (1).

- It is preferred that each of the cover layers (3, 4) is formed with at least two flat-bonded layers of wood, at least one of which with an orientation of the fibers of the wood forming them in

Lengthwise direction of the carrier (1 ^X ) or the like and the other with an orientation of the fibers of the wood forming them in the direction transverse or vertical longitudinal extension of the carrier (1 ^X ) od. Like. Is formed, - preferably further provided in that the vertical fiber layer (5) is formed with vertical fiber body strips (50) extending substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the support (1 ^X ), and between each of these strips (50) or between at least two layers of stacked one above the other Two or multiple strips 5 formed by such cover strips (50) are arranged with a reinforcement in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the support (1 ^X ) extending from cover surface (3) to cover surface (4).

23. building board or element or. The like. According to one of claims 1 to 20, ⁰ characterized in

- That it is designed as Schallschluck- or acoustic panel ', preferably made of wood, and the sound source substantially either no cover plate, or that their sound source facing cover layer (4) with the same passing, preferably a respective desired design accordingly 5 .. arranged and shaped, sound passage openings (41) is formed and the

Vertical fiber layer (5) _. and whose vertical cavities (6) are directly sound-accessible through these openings (41), for safety reasons ^ is preferred if the inner walls of the vertical cavities with a at

Heat action in the case of fire expanding or intumescent fire-resistant polymer compound are coated, or - that the building board (1) as a vibration and resonance plate, for. for floors and

5 ceilings of sound generating or -abstrahl equipment, in particular

Loudspeakers, musical instruments od. Like. Is formed, wherein optionally one of its top surfaces (3, 4) is formed with sound radiating, and the vertical fiber layer (5) and the vertical cavities (6) through these openings through sound radiation effective are. 0

24. Building board or component or the like according to one of claims 1 to 20, a d a c h e c e n e c e s in that they are used as safety building boards, for example as door leaves, with two

Cover layers (3, 4), for example made of wood or in particular of a Ho 5z- 5

Material, is formed, and, preferably existing, in which, preferably formed with wood, vertical fiber layer (5) spaced from each other and mutually parallel Armierungs- or stiffening strips (7) made of metal, preferably made of steel, and / / or 0 - that on at least one of the cover layers (3, 4) made of wood on the outside a

Metal plate, film or the like. Adhesive-bonded, or that in place of the outer layers of wood in each case a metal plate, foil od. The like. Directly to the vertical fiber layer (5) is bound, it being preferred that the Binding of the metal plate, film od. Like. By means of a heat in the event of fire expanding or intumescent 5 adhesive is done.

25. Building board or component or the like according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that it is - on the back thermally insulated heating element (9 ^VI ) - with on one side in - formed in the wood with vertical fiber layer (5 ), preferably predominantly in the reinforcing and stiffening strips (7), incorporated and the same along running - heating grooves (75) inserted heating medium durchströmbaren heating tubes (76), hoses, conductors od. Like. Is formed, wherein said Grooves (75) and laid in the same heating pipes (76) od. Like. Covered with the cover layers (3, 4) to the outside. 1

26. structural panel, component od. Like., In particular wall, or Zwischenwand-

Ceiling element or panel with high thermal, sound and impact sound insulating effect for new construction, removal and renovation of buildings, rooms or the like, d a d e r c h e c e n e c e n e,

- That they or at least two from each other by means of spacer bodies (91), preferably. of wood, spaced apart held and mutually parallel and via the same related to each other in their basic design substantially coincident with each other building boards (1, 1 ') according to any one of ⁰ claims 1 to 23, preferably with such building boards (1, 1 ¹⁾ is formed, the two cover layers (3, 4) made of wood, plywood, plywood, wood chip material od. Like. And also their vertical fiber layer (5) made of wood, or

- that they or at least two directly with each other via their respective

Main surfaces together, preferably by surface bonding, connected in their 5

Basic type substantially mutually identical structural panels (1, V) according to one of claims 1 to 20, preferably with such building panels (1, 1 ') is formed, the two cover layers (3, 4) of wood, plywood, plywood, wood chip material od. Like. And also their vertical fiber layer (5) made of wood o exist.

27. Building board or component or the like according to one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that it or it with a, preferably load-bearing, building board (1) or with more than one surface bound together 5 such building boards (1) according to one of claims 1 to 20 is formed, to which to achieve maximum fire safety on at least one side constructed in a similar manner fire spread-inhibiting plate (1) with two

Cover layers (3, 4) and arranged between them - preferably with a

, flame retardant and combustible wood, such. B. oak wood formed -

, Vertical fiber layer (5) with vertical cavities (6) but with low strength or

Thickness, in particular with a thickness of 2 to 5 cm is bound, wherein the inner walls and possibly also the bottom of the vertical cavities (6) of the vertical fiber layer (5) with a heat in the event of fire expanding or intumescent

Fire-resistant polymer material are coated. 1 ; , ^" ; ^{• '} ;

28. Building board or component od. Like., In particular wall, or Zwischenwand-

Ceiling element or plate, according to claim 27, characterized in that it or three with each other 5 held by means of spacer holding bodies (91) spaced from each other - _.

Essentially, as designed according to this claim and at least in principle as indicated there arranged - construction panels (1, 1 ', 1 ") is designed according to one of claims 1 to 20.

^ιu 29. Building board or component od. Like., In particular wall, intermediate wall or ceiling element or plate, according to claim 28, characterized in that the spacer holding body (91) in the Leerbzw. Gaps (90) between the building panels (1, 1 ¹ ) each having one or more but bound together, the vertical cavities (6) and vertical 5

Fibrous (50) or fiber-containing vertical fiber bodies (51), preferably made of wood, are formed, and they are arranged so that their fiberization substantially at right angles to the main extension of the building boards (1,1 ') extends. 0

30. Building board or component od. Like., In particular wall, Zwischenwand- or

Ceiling element or plate, with high heat, sound and impact sound insulation effect for new construction, expansion and renovation of buildings, rooms or the like.,. characterized in that it or they with at least two mutually by Distanzhaltekörperη (91), preferably spaced from each other, spaced from each other, arranged in parallel and interconnected via the same, in their basic construction at least substantially matching construction panels (1, 1 ' ) according to one of claims 1 to 20, preferably with such structural panels (1,1 ') is formed, the cover layers (3, 4) of wood, plywood, plywood, wood chip material od. Like. And their vertical fiber layer (5) Wood, wherein the spacer body (91) by - open pore structure or free cavities - body, in particular by mineral or plastic-based foam or pore body or preferably by transversely to the main extension (ed) of the cover layers (3, 4) aligned pipe sections are formed, and the, optionally with a steel reinforcement (92) provided, intermediate space (90) between the building panels (1, 1 ') with a mineral-based, hardening or hardened ■ \ Binder, especially concrete, lightweight or aerated concrete (95) od. Like., Is filled.

31. Bauplatte or component od. Like., In particular wall, Zwischenwand- or

Ceiling element or plate according to claim 30, 5, characterized in that the. Interspace (90) between the building panels (1, T) facing surfaces of the outer layers (3, 4) thereof with a or an adhesive layer (19), sanding, film, net, or the like. For the adhesive compound of the introduced into the intermediate space (90) binder, concrete, lightweight concrete od. like. ⁰ with the building boards (1, 1 ') are provided.

-32. Building board or component od. Like., In particular wall, intermediate wall or ceiling element or plate (9) according to one of claims 26 to 31, characterized in that at least one of the cover layers (3, 4) 5 of the building panels (1 , T) according to one of claims 1 to 21 on the outside with one or at least moisture-repellent, but preferably permeable to vapor permitting, Putzträger layer, film, network (181) od. Like., Especially based on a plastic, such as a Epoxy adhesive, with adhesion-increasing 0 Sanding od. Like., Is provided.

33. Bauplatte or component od. Like., In particular wall, intermediate wall or ceiling element or plate according to one of claims 26 to 30, characterized in that it or they each directly to a building 5 or installation point before Place as a wall, partition or ceiling is created by the two structural panels (1, 1 ') according to one of claims 1 to 21, as on the distance holding body (91) interconnected and ^: spaced formwork panels of a "lost formwork" in the Interspace (90) between the same introduced steel reinforcement (92) were positioned and the just mentioned space (90) with concrete, lightweight concrete (95) od. Like. Filled and at least one of the building panels (1, 1 ') on the outside with a cleaning and noble plaster layer (18) is providable or provided.

34, building board or component od. Like., In particular wall, partition or 5

Ceiling element or plate (9 '"), characterized in that it or it is formed with a building board (1) according to one of claims 1 to 21, on whose at least one cover layer, W

^• . - 30 -,.

1 preferably at the two outer layers (3, A), on the outside an (inner) expansion

Layer (190), preferably formed with at least one, possibly fire retardant and / or moisture and water repellency properties having lightweight board, in particular with a plasterboard or a water-resistant

5 or fire-resistant mineral plate, is bound.

35. building board or element or. The like., Especially a wall, partition or cover element or board, characterized in that it or they is formed with a building board (1) according to ⁰ one of claims 1 to 21, whose (interior ) Expansion layer (190) on the outside with a plaster base (181) or with a same complete finished plaster layer (18) is provided.

36. A method for producing a building board or a component or the like, according to any one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that:

- that in a first step in itself longitudinally extending bar (58), Staffel, boards od. Like. From wood or light wood - preferably the comb-like cross-sectional shape of the vertical fiber body (51) with the same passing through vertical vertical cavities (6) and for the formation of the same provided - running in the direction of the fibrillation, parallel to each other, longitudinal grooves (60) are incorporated, and the thus obtained grooved bars (58) od. Like. Each in the order or order: Zahnfortsatz (52) - Comb beam (53) or juxtaposed longitudinal edge longitudinal edge adjacent to each other, under 5 formation of vertical fiber body plates (580) are materially bonded together,

- That in a second step, the thus obtained vertical fiber body plates (580) by - each desired thickness of the vertical fiber layer (5) correspondingly spaced evenly, transversely to the extension of the longitudinal grooves (60) guided - cuts (S) in a plurality of vertical fiber body bars (510) with the

^{are divided} to one side open vertical cavities (6) or interdental spaces (54),

- that in a third step - if necessary or, if appropriate, after

Arrangement of the reinforcing or reinforcing strips (7) between them - the 5

Vertical fiber body strips (510) at 9O ⁰ C so pivoted and either with their

Longitudinal flanks (511) adjoining one another laterally or else tooth extension (52) - comb bars adjoining one another or after application of an adhesive abutted against a first one (4) of the cover layers (3; 4) and bonded thereto so that the vertical cavities (6) and the vertical fibers (50) are oriented substantially perpendicular to the extent (ed) of this cover plate (4) are, and - that in a fourth step on the one to one side, z. B. upwardly still open vertical fiber layer (5) with the there also still open cavities (6) applied the still missing cover layer (3) after application of an adhesive and is bonded to the vertical fiber layer (5).

37. A method for producing a building board or a component or the like according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that:

in that, in a first step, longitudinally extending boards (58 ¹ ), beams, squadrons or the like of wood or light wood - the kamrήähnlichen cross sectional shape of the

Vertical fiber body (51) and the same passing through vertical cavities (6) and provided for the formation of the same - in the direction of

Fibers running - parallel to each other, longitudinal grooves (60 ¹ ) are incorporated,

- That in a second step provided with the longitudinal grooves (60 ¹ ) boards (58 ') od. Like. Along their longitudinal side flank surfaces (55') adjacent to each other under

Forming a layer or first sub-layer (TL1), with its non-grooved or grooved main surfaces on a for the formation of the reinforcing bars (7) provided Armierungs-last layer (700), preferably made of wood, with material-locking bond to the same and each other laterally together be bound, filed,

in at least one optional intermediate step on the first partial layer (TL1) of grooved boards (58 "), at least one second partial layer (TL2) of grooved boards (58 ') also adjacent to one another along their longitudinal side flank surfaces (55') od. Like., With respect to their longitudinal side flank surfaces (55 ') deposited mutually offset arrangement and bound to the first sub-position TL1,

in that, in a third step, a third sublayer (TL3) bonded to the last and the previous sublayer (TL2), likewise laterally offset again, has a further ingot layer (700 '), preferably similar to that already mentioned above,

Groin layer (700 ') is applied and tied to the last sublayer (TL3),

- That in a fourth step, the thus formed plate-shaped starting body (580 ') by spaced at equal intervals (as) from each other, substantially perpendicular to the Längshuten (60 ¹ ) and the fibrillation of the partial layers (TL1, TL2, TL3) ₁ or the forming them grooved boards (58 ') od. Like: guided cuts (S) in a

A plurality of - optionally flanked on both sides by a reinforcing strip (7 ¹ ) - vertical fiber body strips (510 ') is divided and - that in a fifth cut these vertical fiber body strips (51O ¹ ) by order

5 of an adhesive side by side or in the arrangement or order:

Tooth extension (54) -Kammbalken (53) placed on one (4) of the cover layers (3, 4) and are bound to the same, that the vertical cavities (6) substantially perpendicular to the extension (ed) of this cover plate (4) are aligned, and

' ^υ - that in a sixth step on the upwardly still open vertical fiber

Layer (5) the still missing cover layer (3) is placed after application of an adhesive and bonded to the vertical fiber layer (5).

38. The method according to claim 37, wherein a 5 .theta

Strip layers (700) with mutually conforming or parallel, for the fibrillation of the grooves (60 ') provided with boards (58') are used substantially perpendicularly extending fiber.

0 39. Use of building boards or components od. Like. According to one of claims 1 to 21 either directly as lightweight, separating and optionally supporting elements, in particular as walls, partitions, (intermediate) ceilings, (intermediate) floors u. Like., For new, conversion and expansion of, possibly mobile, structures, especially prefabricated buildings, or as, if necessary, according to Art 5 a "lost formwork" coming to use, trim panels od. Like., Especially as a heat and sound-insulating and insulating panels, for structures and structures.

40. Use of building boards or components od. Like. According to one of claims 1 to 21 for the equipment of buildings, components and premises, attics, basements u. Like. Of buildings with heat and sound insulation and linings.

41. Use of building boards or components od. Like. According to one of the claims

1 to 21 with the proviso that it is formed with a vertical fiber layer (5), 5 whose vertical cavities (6) are coated with a fire protection or fire retardant mass which expands or intumesces in the event of fire in the event of fire, and / or at least on one side with one to you or the like. Refractory coating are provided or at least one of their outer layers directly with such a refractory mineral plate od. Like. Is formed for the equipment of buildings, components and premises, attics, basements u. Like. Of buildings with fire, and also also heat and sound insulation panels.

42. Use of building boards or components od. Like. According to one of claims 1 to 21 for the interior equipment of buildings and premises, in particular for swing and sliding doors, security doors u. like.

43. Use of building boards or components od. Like. According to one of claims 1 to 21 for the ship, boat and mobile home, caravan and motor home construction, especially as a "sandwich panel" for the lightweight equipment of

Vehicles, ships, boats, mobile homes u. Like. Soils, panels,

Built-in, built-in furniture u. like.

44. Use of building boards or components od. Like. According to one of claims 1 to 21 for the creation of halls, berths, stands, structures and extensions of the exhibition, exhibition, presentation and market sector.

45. Use of building boards or components od. The like. According to one of claims 1 to 21 for furniture construction and for interior design and building equipment objects.

46. Use of building boards or components od. The like. According to one of the claims

1 to 21 for instrument making, preferably for resonance and vibration panels of sound emission equipment, such as speakers, irisbesondere for ceilings and floors, of (string) instruments u. like.