WO2006067922A1 - 無線ノードの電源管理方法 - Google Patents
無線ノードの電源管理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006067922A1 WO2006067922A1 PCT/JP2005/020861 JP2005020861W WO2006067922A1 WO 2006067922 A1 WO2006067922 A1 WO 2006067922A1 JP 2005020861 W JP2005020861 W JP 2005020861W WO 2006067922 A1 WO2006067922 A1 WO 2006067922A1
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- wireless
- group master
- master
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/38—TPC being performed in particular situations
- H04W52/46—TPC being performed in particular situations in multi hop networks, e.g. wireless relay networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0212—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave
- H04W52/0216—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave using a pre-established activity schedule, e.g. traffic indication frame
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0212—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave
- H04W52/0219—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave where the power saving management affects multiple terminals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
- H04W52/34—TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading
- H04W52/343—TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading taking into account loading or congestion level
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
- H04W52/36—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power with a discrete range or set of values, e.g. step size, ramping or offsets
- H04W52/367—Power values between minimum and maximum limits, e.g. dynamic range
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
- H04W84/20—Master-slave selection or change arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/02—Terminal devices
- H04W88/04—Terminal devices adapted for relaying to or from another terminal or user
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a mutual wireless communication network system including a plurality of wireless nodes (wireless transmission / reception devices), and more specifically, a power management method for managing battery consumption of a battery-driven wireless node. And network systems.
- An inter-radio communication network system includes a host device that collects information and a plurality of radio nodes.
- a radio node is a base unit that performs comprehensive network processing in a group of radio nodes.
- a plurality of slave units subordinate thereto.
- an ad hoc network is constructed with each child device as needed, with the parent device at the center, and the parent device performs mutual communication with each child device and represents a host of wireless nodes. It is designed to communicate with the device.
- the master unit aggregates information from each slave unit and transmits it to the host device on behalf of each slave unit, thereby reducing the burden on the slave unit and allowing the slave unit to be easily configured at low cost.
- FIG. 24 is a configuration diagram of the conventional wireless node power management method described in Patent Document 1.
- the wireless node that makes the transmission request first is the temporary parent.
- the provisional master unit 2404 which is a wireless node, becomes the slave unit 2405, and the mutual communication is started between the provisional master unit 2404 and the slave unit 2405.
- the temporary master unit 2404 collects data on the remaining battery capacity of all the slave units, and selects the slave unit with the best operating state from the collected data as the true parent wireless node.
- the parent device 2406 is selected again and switched to mutual wireless communication with a child device centering on the parent device 2406 so that the parent device 2406 communicates with the host device 2402 via the gateway device 2403. It is configured. After that, it is assumed that by selecting the true base unit periodically using the same procedure, it is possible to select an appropriate wireless node that is unlikely to run out of batteries as the base unit.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-10-145276
- the present invention solves such a conventional problem, and in a mutual wireless communication network composed of a plurality of wireless nodes, it can efficiently prevent uneven battery consumption of the wireless nodes and
- the purpose is to extend the average battery life of the wireless node by reducing the power consumption of the wireless node and to enable the mutual wireless communication between the master unit and the slave unit.
- a power management method is a power management method for managing consumption of a battery that is a power source of a wireless node in a mutual wireless communication network system composed of a plurality of wireless nodes, Creating a gnole with a plurality of wireless nodes at the time of network construction, constructing a plurality of groups, and communicating with other nodes in the group and communicating with other gnolees in each group Group
- a group master node acting as a master is tentatively determined from one of the wireless nodes in the group, and the other nodes in the group are connected to subordinates of the group master node and operate as terminal nodes.
- Each wireless node power within each group exchanging test data with other wireless nodes at the start of a communication session, calculating the minimum required transmission power for each transmission partner, and each wireless node within each gnole. Steps for communicating with other wireless nodes using the calculated minimum required transmission power, and whether the group master node has reached a time when the role of the group master changes every predetermined time. If it is determined that the group master's replacement time has been reached, one of the child nodes and the group master And a Sutetsu-flops to substitute the role.
- a plurality of relatively small wireless ad hoc network groups with a plurality of wireless nodes are configured, and a group master node that is a parent device in the group communicates with a child node that is a child device. At the same time, it communicates with other group's group master nodes, and each wireless node in the group communicates with other wireless nodes in the same group with the minimum required transmission power. In effect, you can change the Gnolepe Master.
- the group master node is a wireless node that operates as a base station in a wireless communication network of a group of wireless nodes, and the child node is connected to the group master node and operates as a terminal station.
- the group master node further includes a step of monitoring a communication traffic amount in communication with each child node in the group, and when the communication traffic amount of the group master node reaches a preset communication traffic amount. It can be configured to replace the group master with the child node with the least amount of communication traffic.
- the child node further includes a step of monitoring the communication traffic amount of each of the child nodes and reporting the communication traffic amount to the group master node, It can be configured so that the group master is replaced with a child node with the least amount of communication traffic when a predetermined time elapses after the node starts the role of group master.
- the group master node power calculates the average communication traffic volume of each wireless node in the group, and exchanges the average communication traffic volume information with other group masters. Steps of absorbing and merging groups that exceed the preset level to the adjacent group with the lowest average communication traffic volume, and so that the average communication traffic volume is leveled after the absorption and merger of groups Separating the loop.
- the group master node further includes a step of exchanging the child node having the highest communication traffic volume in the group with a radio node having the lowest communication traffic volume in the adjacent or neighboring group. be able to.
- Each child node further includes a step of monitoring its own remaining battery level and reporting the remaining battery level to the group master node, which is predetermined after the current group master node starts the role of the group master. When time elapses, it can be configured to replace the group node with the child node with the most remaining battery power.
- the average battery level can be reduced by re-separating after merging a plurality of gnorapes that differ in the average battery level difference. Can be alleviated.
- the group master node adjoins the child node with the lowest remaining battery level in the group. It may be configured to further include a step of exchanging with a wireless node having the highest remaining battery level in a neighboring or neighboring gnole.
- the configuration further includes the step of separating the group power of the child node having the lowest remaining battery level when the remaining battery power of the child node having the lowest remaining battery level in the Gnolepe falls below a predetermined amount. It can be.
- the group master node further includes a step of monitoring the number of retransmissions that occurred in communication with each child node, and when a predetermined time has elapsed since the current group master node started the role of the group master. It is possible to replace the child node with the smallest number of retransmissions with the gnolepe master.
- the group master node may further include a step of replacing the child node having the highest number of retransmissions in the group with a wireless node having the smallest number of retransmissions in an adjacent or neighboring gnole. it can.
- the number of retransmissions of communication that is correlated with the battery consumption of the wireless node is used as a hand, and the bias of the number of retransmissions of the wireless node cannot be sufficiently eliminated by simply changing the group master within the group. When such an extremely large bias occurs, the bias can be eliminated by exchanging radio nodes between groups.
- the child node having the highest number of retransmissions in the gnole can further include a step of separating the group power.
- the group master node further includes a step of monitoring a code error rate generated in communication with each child node, a predetermined time has elapsed since the current group master node started the role of the group master. Thus, the child node with the lowest code error rate and the gnole master can be replaced.
- a step of the group master node calculating an average of code error rates generated in communication with each wireless node in the group, exchanging average code error rate information with other group masters, and an average code Absorbing and merging a loop with an error rate exceeding a preset level to the adjacent group with the lowest average code error rate and leveling the average code error rate after group absorption and merger And a step of separating the groups as described above.
- the group master node further includes a step of exchanging a child node having the highest code error rate in the gnole with a radio node having the lowest code error rate in an adjacent or neighboring gnole. be able to.
- the configuration further includes a step of separating the child node with the highest code error rate from the group power. be able to.
- a power management apparatus is a power management apparatus for managing consumption of a battery that is a power source of a wireless node in a mutual wireless communication network system including a plurality of wireless nodes,
- a wireless node belongs to one of a plurality of groups composed of a plurality of radio nodes formed at the time of network construction, and communicates with other nodes in the group and communicates with other gnoles.
- the group master node acting as the group master serving as a communication relay station does not exist in the group to which it belongs, it becomes a provisional group master node, and the group master node in the group to which it belongs If there is a gnolepe constructing unit that is connected to the gnolepe master node and serves as a child node that performs terminal station operations When it is a group master node, it communicates with other child nodes in the group, and when it is a group master node and a master unit operating unit serving as a communication relay station for communication with other groups, Judgment is made on whether or not it is time to change the role of the group master every predetermined time.
- the change control unit that makes a change request to change the role of the group master to one of the child nodes, and the group master if the child node
- the information necessary to determine whether or not it is time to change the role of the role is transmitted to the group master of the group to which the group belongs, and the master unit receives the change request from the group master node.
- a slave unit operating unit that shifts to the operation by the operating unit.
- a plurality of relatively small wireless ad hoc network groups with a plurality of wireless nodes are configured, and the group master node that is the parent device in the group communicates with the child node that is the child device. At the same time, it communicates with other group's group master nodes, and each wireless node in the group communicates with other wireless nodes in the same group with the minimum required transmission power. In effect, you can change the Gnolepe Master.
- a program of a power management method is a program of a power management method for managing the consumption of a battery that is a power source of a wireless node in a mutual wireless communication network system composed of a plurality of wireless nodes. Then, at the time of network construction, a group is formed with a plurality of wireless nodes, a plurality of gnoles are constructed, and each group communicates with other nodes in the group and communicates with other groups.
- a group master node acting as a group relay relay relay station is tentatively determined as one of the wireless nodes in the group, and the other nodes in the group are connected to the group master node.
- the step of becoming a child node that operates as a station and each wireless node in each gnope Sometimes the test data is exchanged with other wireless nodes to calculate the minimum required transmission power for each transmission partner, and each wireless node in each loop has its calculated minimum required transmission power. Steps for communicating with other wireless nodes and whether or not the group master node has reached the time to change the role of the gnole master every predetermined time, and determined that the time to change the group master has been reached.
- the program causes the computer to execute a power management method including one of the child nodes and the step of changing the role of the group master.
- This program is executed on a device including a CPU, a memory, various interfaces, and the like, thereby causing the computer to function as a power management device.
- a device including a CPU, a memory, various interfaces, and the like, thereby causing the computer to function as a power management device.
- a recording medium such as a RAM is included in the scope of the present invention, and a program recorded on the recording medium is executed on an apparatus including a CPU, a memory, and the like, thereby constituting a power management apparatus.
- FIG. 1 (a) is a block diagram of a radio node according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 (b) is a device block diagram of a wireless node according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a mutual wireless communication network according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining a group construction operation in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining a group master replacement operation in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a procedure diagram for explaining a hopping communication operation between groups in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a transmission data format in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining a gnolepe master replacement operation by communication traffic in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a wireless node in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining a group master change operation based on the remaining battery level in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of a mutual wireless communication network according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart for explaining the group merge operation in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a mutual wireless communication network according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a mutual wireless communication network in a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a wireless node in the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart for explaining a gnolepe master replacement operation based on a communication traffic amount in the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a flowchart for explaining the group merge operation in the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a block diagram of a wireless node in the tenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a flowchart for explaining the group master replacement operation based on the number of retransmissions according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a flowchart for explaining the group merge operation in the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a block diagram of a wireless node in the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart for explaining the group merge operation based on the code error rate in the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a flowchart for explaining the group merge operation in the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 (a) is an explanatory diagram of the topology simulation model of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 (b) is a required power characteristic diagram showing the result of simulating the topology effect of the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is a configuration diagram of a conventional wireless node power management method.
- FIG. 1 (a) is a block diagram of a wireless node in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- a wireless node 100 includes a CPU 101 that controls each part of the wireless node and processes transmission / reception data, a ROM 102 that stores a program, a RAM 103, a timer 104, and a CPU 101 of the wireless node. Batteries 105 that supply power to the various components including the above, modulation unit 106, transmission unit 107, transmission power control unit 108, and switching to switch between transmission and reception radio waves And a reception level detector 113, an antenna 110, a receiver 111, a demodulator 112, and a reception level detector 113.
- the CPU 101 executes a necessary program in the program group stored in the ROM 102 using the RAM 103 as a work memory, and generates transmission data S1.
- Transmission data S1 is modulated by modulation section 106 to become IF signal S2, and IF signal S2 is subjected to high-frequency conversion and power amplification by transmission section 107.
- the transmission power control unit 108 performs power control on the transmission unit 107 according to the transmission power level S7 output from the CPU 101.
- the power-amplified high-frequency signal is sent to the antenna 110 by the switching unit 109 set to the transmission mode, and is transmitted as a radio wave.
- a channel number is designated to the transmission unit 107 by the channel selection signal S3 controlled by the CPU 101, and high-frequency conversion is performed at the frequency of the designated channel. Since different transmission numbers are used for different channel numbers, collision between wireless nodes is avoided.
- the radio waves of other stations including other wireless nodes are antennas.
- the receiving unit 111 a channel number is designated by a channel selection signal S3 controlled by the CPU 101, and tuning is performed at the frequency of the designated channel to extract the IF signal S4.
- the IF signal S4 is demodulated by the demodulator 112, and the received data S5 is reproduced and input to the CPU 101.
- the reception level of the IF signal S4 is constantly monitored by the reception level detection unit 113, and the reception level S6 is input to the CPU 101 as a monitoring result.
- the reception level detection unit 113 is constituted by, for example, a detection circuit that combines a diode and an amplifier, and outputs an envelope signal of the IF signal as a reception level.
- CPU 101 adds an error correction code to transmission data S1 by software processing, and performs error correction processing on reception data S5, so that the transmission path is in a radio wave state with a code error rate within the correction capability.
- the reliability of communication can be improved by performing error-free transmission / reception.
- the CPU 101 selects a program stored in the ROM 102 as necessary. For example, when a wireless node builds an ad hoc gnole Necessary communication procedures and processing programs are stored as group construction program P1. Also,
- the communication procedure and processing program when the wireless node operates as a group master node is stored in the parent device operation program P3, and the communication procedure and processing program when the wireless node operates as a child node is stored in the child device operation program P4. ing.
- the alternation processing communication procedure and processing program for altering the gnolepe master are stored in the alternation control program P2.
- the timing required for changing the group master and other timings for CPU processing are calculated as needed by the CPU 101 from the timekeeping results of the constant clock processing performed by the timer 104, and these timings are acquired. It ’s going to be.
- FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the mutual radio communication network system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the mutual wireless communication network system 200 includes a plurality of wireless nodes 201, a host device 202, and a gateway device (GW) 203 that relays the host device 202 and the wireless node 201.
- GW gateway device
- the plurality of wireless nodes 201 starts from a state of being randomly installed in an area where a wireless network system is constructed (initial state). From a plurality of radio nodes 201 installed at random, several gnoles 206 composed of a sufficiently small number of radio nodes 201 are formed as compared with the number of radio nodes in the entire network. At this time, the group master node 204 temporarily rises from the wireless node 201 and connects to the wireless nodes of the number of child nodes that have been preliminarily set to configure the gnole 206. Normally, immediately after the initial state, the battery of each wireless node is full, so it is acceptable for any wireless node to become the group master.
- the child node 205 is connected under the provisional group master node 204. Also, wireless connection is made between the temporary group master nodes and between the GWs 203, and the basic form of the network system is formed by forming a hopping communication path between groups (gnorape formation).
- the optimum group master node is re-elected at regular intervals within each gnolepe. For example, child node 205 is promoted to group master node 207 and As the loop master node 204 is demoted to the child node 208, etc., the group master node role with high processing load and fast battery draining is carried around and the remaining battery level in the group is leveled . This re-election operation is performed at regular intervals based on the timing results of the timer 104 provided in the gnolepe master node. The newly selected group master node 207 starts connection with the child node 208 and also starts hopping communication between the groups 206 to form and maintain the mutual wireless communication network system 200 (operation state). ).
- Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described using FIG. 3, FIG. 4, FIG. 5, and FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram of a transmission data format in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- Data transmission between the group master node and the child node is performed in a framing format using data slots in the same radio frequency channel.
- the frame in Figure 6 is limited to 3 slots for simplicity. In other words, the number of child nodes in the group is three here.
- a frame 600 includes a frame header 601, a synchronization signal 602 that is a synchronization signal for slot # 1, and a synchronization signal that is a synchronization signal for slot # 1 and slot # 2. 603, a slot # 2, a synchronization signal 604 that is a synchronization signal for the slot # 3, a slot # 3, and a frame footer 605.
- the frame header 601 includes a preamplifier for the child node PLL to pull in the recovered clock, an identifier unique to the group master node, and an error detection code.
- the synchronization signal 602 includes a preamplifier for the PLL of the first child node to redraw the recovered clock, an identifier for designating the first child node, and control information from the group master node to the first child node. Are provided with a data field in which data is stored and an error detection and correction code.
- the synchronization signal 603 and the synchronization signal 604 have the same configuration as the synchronization signal 602 with respect to the second child node and the third child node.
- the frame footer 605 includes an end identifier for preventing a framing overrun or the like.
- the group master node and each child node transmit at maximum power.
- the group master node transmits frame 600 repeatedly.
- the first child node detects the synchronization signal 602 following the frame header 601, it transmits slot # 1 data 606, which is its own station data, in the timing period of slot # 1.
- the second child node detects a synchronization signal 603 following the frame header 601, it transmits slot # 2 data 607, which is its own data, in the timing period of slot # 2
- the third child node transmits a frame header 601.
- slot # 3 data 608 which is the local station data, is transmitted during the slot # 3 timing period. In this way, each child node can transmit its own data to the group master node.
- the group master node transmits the frame header 601 and the frame footer 605 with the maximum power, but each synchronization signal is transmitted with the minimum power required for each slot.
- Each child node receives the minimum necessary power value addressed to itself from the group master node in advance by the procedure described later, and transmits its own slot data at the specified power value. . In this way, optimal control of transmission power can be performed.
- the slot data transmitted by the child node includes a preamble for the PLL of the group master node to pull in the recovered clock, an identifier indicating the child node number of the transmission source, and control information from the child node to the group master node.
- Etc. a data field for storing data collected by child nodes, and an error detection and correction code.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining a gnolepe construction operation in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- All radio nodes 201 set their transmission power to the maximum (step 301), and whether there is a synchronization signal transmitted by the temporary group master node in each frequency channel while scanning the radio channel.
- a synchronization signal is transmitted from the group master node 204 to the channel (step 304), and a connection request from the child node 205 is awaited (step 305).
- the child node 205 waits until the synchronization signal is normally received (step 315), and transmits the connection request when the synchronization signal is received (step 316).
- the group master node 204 receives the connection request from the child node 205 (step 305)
- the slot number used by the child node is transmitted (step 306).
- the child node receives the slot number assigned to itself (step 317) and stores the acquired slot number in the designated area of the RAM 103.
- the group master node 204 slightly reduces the transmission power of the synchronization signal for each slot (step 308), and the test data on which the child node is placed in the slot data. Step 308 is repeated until the lower limit is received normally (Step 309). As long as the synchronization signal is normally received (step 3 19), the child node transmits test data to the slot (step 318). However, the slave node cannot receive the synchronization signal normally due to excessive power reduction on the other side. For example, the test data cannot be transmitted correctly to the slot, and the lower limit of the antenna power can be recognized.
- the transmission power of the synchronization signal 602 that is the synchronization signal of the slot is reduced until the test data transmitted from the first child node to slot # 1 is not normally received.
- the group master node 204 has received the test data normally and has a slight power merge.
- the transmission power is set to the minimum necessary transmission power level (step 310), and the set value is transmitted as the minimum power information (step 311).
- steps 308 to 311 are executed in all slots (step 312), and the necessary minimum transmission power is set for all the child nodes in the own group.
- the child node receives the minimum power information addressed to the own station, stores the acquired minimum power information in the designated area of the RAM 103, and sets the transmission power originating from the own station to the power value. With the above procedure, the transmission power between the group master node and each child node can be controlled to the minimum necessary.
- the minimum transmission power required for each transmission partner is calculated by transmitting / receiving test data.
- the minimum transmission power is calculated in actual operation data transmission / reception processing. It is also possible to configure so as to.
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart for explaining the group master replacement operation in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 exemplarily shows a procedure in which the group master node switches with the first child node.
- the group master node 204 transmits a synchronization signal (step 401), receives slot data from the slot corresponding to the synchronization signal (step 402), and finishes receiving data of all slots (step 403). ), A slot data update request is transmitted to each child node (step 404). At that time, it is determined from the timing of the built-in timer 104 whether or not it is the time to change the group master node (step 405) .If the time is not changed, the process returns to step 401 and continues to receive slot data.
- the program is started (step 406), and a replacement request is transmitted to the first child node using slot # 1, which is the first slot in time series (step 407).
- the first child node When the first child node normally acquires the synchronization signal 602 addressed to itself (steps 410 and 411), it transmits slot # 1 data to slot # 1, which is its own slot (step 412). Further, it pauses until a slot data update request is received (step 413).
- a slot data update request When a slot data update request is received, it is checked whether a replacement request addressed to itself is received (step 414). At this time, if no replacement request has been received, the process returns to step 410 to transmit new slot data.
- the change request is received, the start of the change control program is started (step 415), and the change acceptance is transmitted (step 416).
- the group master node 204 When the group master node 204 receives the replacement acceptance from the first child node (step 4 08), the group master node 204 stops transmission of each synchronization signal and the frame header 601 and the frame footer 605 (step 409), and functions as a group master node. Exit.
- the first child node When the first child node confirms that the synchronization signal has stopped (step 417), it starts transmission of each synchronization signal, frame header 601 and frame footer 605 on behalf of the group master node 204 with the maximum transmission power. (Step 418). Since each child node including the first child node in the group always receives the frame 600 from the group master node 204, the contents of the frame 600 to be transmitted by the group master are constantly monitored. Therefore, the transmission of frame 600 can be inherited immediately by simply replacing the identifier unique to group master 204 in frame 600 and the identifier specifying child node 205, so the replacement transmission as in step 418 is easy. it can.
- the group master replacement operation is completed by the above procedures.
- the group master node 204 has moved to the child node 208, and the child node 205 has moved to the group master node 207.
- FIG. 5 is a manual view illustrating a hopping communication operation between groups in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 shows a hopping communication operation between three groups. Specifically, a procedure of hopping communication between three group master nodes will be described.
- forward data is hopped in the order of the previous station 501 to the own station 502, the own station 502 to the next station 503, and the backward data is the reverse of the forward data. Perform hopping communication by route.
- the radio frequency channel is set to a common channel that has been defined in advance (step 504).
- the previous station 501 The relay request 505 is transmitted to the own station 502. Even if the own station 502 receives the relay request, it does not immediately return a relay permission, but prioritizes establishing a relay contract with the next station 503 that is the hop destination from the own station 502. Therefore, the relay request 506 is transmitted from the own station 502 to the next station 503, the next station 503 receives a relay permission 507 returned after a relay contract with the further station, and the own station 502 and the next station 503 A relay contract is established between the two. After that, when the own station 502 returns a relay permission 508 to the previous station 501, a relay contract is established between the previous station 501 and the own station 502.
- the previous station 501 transmits its own channel number 509 (first channel) to its own station 502, and the own station 502 transmits its own channel number 510 (second channel) to the previous station 501. Recognize the channel number of the other station. Similarly, the own station 502 and the next station 503 transmit channel numbers to each other to recognize the other station's channel number.
- a communication path for hopping communication between each gnolepe master node is established.
- the hopping communication between the previous station 501 and the own station 502 is performed.
- the channel is set (step 511), and the own station 502 sets the transmission radio frequency to the first channel that is the channel of the previous station 501 that is the partner station (step 512).
- each of the received radio frequencies uses its own channel.
- the previous station 501 transmits the relay synchronization signal 514 to the own station 502, and when the own station 502 receives the relay synchronization signal 514, the relay synchronization detection 515 is transmitted.
- relay synchronization detection 515 is received at front station 5 01, forward data 516 is transmitted to own station 502, and when own station 502 receives data 516 normally, ACK 517, which is a normal reception response, is transmitted to previous station 501.
- ACK 517 which is a normal reception response
- hopping communication can be performed between the group master nodes.
- the network is divided into a plurality of groups, and the wireless node having a high processing load is sequentially replaced by each wireless node.
- a frequent group master change is performed in a group consisting of a much smaller number of wireless nodes, effectively preventing uneven battery consumption of wireless nodes and within a limited network range of gnoleps.
- the wireless node reduces the power consumption of the entire network by always enabling the mutual wireless communication between the master unit and the slave unit at an average transmission distance that is much shorter than the average transmission distance between wireless nodes in the entire network. Can extend the average battery life.
- each group master node can transmit data without performing long-distance communication to the GW, which can further prevent battery consumption.
- the battery serving as the power source of the wireless node is consumed evenly and with power saving evenly with respect to each wireless node of the entire network, thus extending the lifetime of the entire network. can do.
- FIG. 1 (b) is a device block diagram of the wireless node in the first embodiment of the present invention, and shows a functional block of the wireless node when the power management method of the present invention is realized as a power management device. ing.
- FIG. 1 (b) the same components as those in FIG. 1 (a) are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
- the group construction unit 121, the shift control unit 122, the parent device operation unit 123, and the child device operation unit 124 control the transmission / reception function units via the input / output control unit 125.
- Blocks 121 to 125 may be realized by a combination of CPU and software, or may be realized by hardware.
- modulation unit 106 and the demodulation unit 112 are in time and speed as illustrated as individual hardware blocks, these may be software processing in the CPU 101.
- data transmission methods using data slot framing format may be used.
- FIG. 7 shows group master exchange by communication traffic in the second embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart explaining proxy operation.
- the group master node 204 presets the amount of replacement traffic that serves as a criterion for determining when to switch the group master node (step 701), receives each slot data, and communicates with each child node.
- the amount of communication traffic is accumulated for each child node (step 702).
- Step 703 check if the communication traffic volume with each child node has reached the alternate traffic volume set in Step 701 (Step 703). If the alternate traffic volume has not been reached, continue receiving slot data. Then, if any one of the child nodes reaches the replacement traffic volume, the start of the replacement control program is started (step 704). At this time, it is presumed that the child node with the smallest traffic amount among the communication traffic amounts with each child node has the most remaining battery capacity, so a replacement request is transmitted to the child node (step 705).
- the child node continues the slot data transmission process if there is no replacement request addressed to itself (step 708), and if there is a replacement request (step 709), starts the replacement control program (step 710). ), A replacement acceptance is transmitted (step 711).
- the group master node 204 Upon receiving the replacement acceptance from the child node (step 70 6), the group master node 204 stops transmission of each synchronization signal and the frame header 601 and the frame footer 605 (step 707). The function of is terminated.
- the child node When the child node confirms that the synchronization signal has stopped (step 712), it starts transmitting each synchronization signal, the frame header 601 and the frame footer 605 with the maximum transmission power in place of the group master node 204. (Step 713).
- the group master replacement operation with the communication traffic amount as the replacement criterion is completed.
- the group master node 204 has moved to the child node 208, and the child node 205 has moved to the group master node 207.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a radio node in the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 the same components as those in FIG. 1A are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
- the wireless node 800 includes a battery remaining amount detection unit 801.
- Battery level detector The 801 detects the remaining capacity from the voltage of the battery 105 and the like, and inputs the remaining battery level S8 to the CPU 101. With this configuration, the CPU 101 can check the remaining battery level.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining the group master replacement operation based on the remaining battery level in the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- the child node checks the remaining battery level using the remaining battery level detection unit 801 (step 908), and transmits the remaining battery level S8 in the slot data (step 909).
- the group master node 204 sets in advance the time used as a criterion for determining the group master node change time (step 901), receives each slot data, and collects information on the remaining battery level of the child node. (Step 902).
- Step 903 When the data of all slots is received, it is checked whether the communication time with each child node has reached the change time set in Step 901 (Step 903). If the change time has not been reached, slot data reception is continued. If even one child node has reached the change time, the start of the change control program is started (step 904). At this time, among the remaining battery levels of each child node, the child node with the largest remaining battery level has the most battery capacity, so a replacement request is transmitted to the child node (step 90).
- the child node continues the battery remaining amount inspection and slot data transmission processing if there is no replacement request addressed to itself (steps 908, 909, 910), and if there is a replacement request, starts the replacement control program. Start (step 911) and send a replacement acceptance (step 912).
- the group master node 204 receives the replacement acceptance from the child node (step 90).
- step 907 Stop transmission of each synchronization signal and frame header 601 and frame footer 605 (step 907), and terminate the function of the group master node.
- the child node When the child node confirms that the synchronization signal has stopped (step 913), it starts transmitting each synchronization signal, the frame header 601 and the frame footer 605 with the maximum transmission power in place of the group master node 204. (Step 914).
- the group master replacement operation based on the remaining battery level is completed. End.
- the group master node 204 has moved to the child node 208, and the child node 205 has moved to the group master node 207.
- FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of the mutual wireless communication network system in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 the same components as those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
- the mutual wireless communication network system 1000 is operated by being divided into a gnole 204 of the group master node 205 and a group 1002 of the group master node 1001 (operation state).
- group master node 1001 terminates its function, and at the same time, all wireless nodes in group 1002 are subordinate to group master node 205.
- group master one node 205 becomes a new group master node 1003. That is, group 102 is absorbed and merged into group 204 (group merger).
- scheduling is performed so as to reduce the bias in the group 1006 based on the remaining battery level of each wireless node, and the group 1006 is separated into the group 1008 and the group 1009 (gnorape separation). After separation, it enters the operational state.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart for explaining the group merge operation in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- each group master node Before entering the processing of Fig. 11, each group master node exchanges configuration information of its own gnope and other group by hopping communication, so that the configuration information of the other group, that is, the identifier of the group, It shares information such as the total number of radio nodes and the radio frequency channels used. [0112] First, the procedure for accepting a group merge will be described.
- the group master node sets the radio frequency channel to the common channel and proceeds with the process using hobbing communication (step 1101). First, the remaining battery level from each child node is collected, and the average remaining battery level of the own group is calculated including the remaining battery level (step 1102). Then, the average battery level calculated in step 1102 is transmitted to the other group master nodes (step 1103), and whether the average battery level of the own group is below the preset level is evaluated. (Step 1104).
- step 1105 it is checked whether a group merge request has been received from another group master node (step 1105). If no group merge request has been received, the process ends. . If a Gnolepe merger request is received, merger processing is subsequently entered. In the merger process, first, a merger permission is transmitted to indicate the intention of accepting the merger to the partner group (step 1106). Thereafter, the radio frequency is returned to its own channel (step 1107), and the synchronization signal is temporarily stopped (step 1108). Here, the required number of slots is calculated from the number of wireless nodes of the own group and the partner group (step 1109), and the transmission of the synchronization signal is resumed by increasing the number of slots (step 1110).
- step 1111 If the average battery level of the current group is less than or equal to the set level in step 1104, the average battery level of the adjacent group is evaluated from the average battery level from other groups (step 1111). If this is the case, the merge request process is started, and if the level is lower than the set level, there is no group that can merge in the neighborhood. Therefore, the reduced operation is performed and the reduced operation is started (step 1112).
- a group merge request is transmitted to the merge destination (step 1113), and a merge permission is waited (step 1114).
- the radio frequency is returned to the own channel (step 1115), and the merged radio frequency channel is transmitted to the child node of the own group and notified (step 1116).
- the synchronization signal is stopped (step 1117), and the merged channel is set (step 1118).
- FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram of the mutual wireless communication network system in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the mutual wireless communication network system 1200 includes a group master node 1202, a child node 1203, a child node 1204, a gnole 1201, a gnole master node 1206, a child node 1207, and a child node.
- Gnolepe 120 5 composed of 1208 is provided as a component (operational state).
- group master node 1202 transmits a child node replacement request to group master node 1206.
- the group master node 1206 that has received the replacement request uses the child node 1207 having the highest remaining battery level in its own group as a replacement.
- the child node 1203 and the child node 1207 to be exchanged receive the disconnect command from the group master node of their own node and the group power is disconnected by stopping the synchronization signal of the slot used by the child node. .
- Each separated child node switches to the radio frequency channel of the exchange-destination gnole, and starts mutual communication based on the communication request from the new group master node (child node exchange).
- each group master node reconstructs the new group 1209 and group 12 10 with the existing child nodes and the newly replaced child nodes (regrouping). After re-ignorup, it enters the operational state.
- the replacement request can be rejected.
- the group master node rejected with the replacement request gives up on exchanging child nodes with the group, sends a replacement request to other Gnoles to find a replacement destination, and gives up on the replacement process itself. Then you may enter degenerate operation.
- FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of the mutual wireless communication network system in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- the mutual wireless communication network system 1300 includes a group 1301 composed of a group master node 1302, a child node 1303, and another child node (operational state). ).
- the group master node 1302 synchronizes the slot used by the child node after transmitting the disconnect command to the child node 1303. Stop the signal (disconnect the child node).
- the group master node 1302 reconstructs the group using only the existing child nodes. Since the disconnected child node 1303 cannot find a synchronization signal from the new group master node, the transmission / reception operation is stopped and the battery life ends while idling (group reduction). After the gnole reduction, it enters the operational state.
- the group master node is configured to monitor the communication traffic volume with each child node in the group.
- each child node monitors its own communication traffic volume to monitor the group. It can be configured to report to the master and replace the group master with the least power of communication traffic, Tatsuko node.
- Tatsuko node This example will be described as a seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a wireless node in the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 the same components as those in FIG. 1 (a) are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
- the wireless node 1400 includes a communication traffic detection unit 1401.
- the communication traffic detection unit 1401 monitors data transmitted by the CPU 101 and data received by the CPU 101, and inputs communication traffic information S9 to the CPU 101.
- the CPU 101 can accumulate the communication traffic amount in a predetermined period based on the communication traffic information S9 from the communication traffic detection unit 1401.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating the group master alternation operation according to the amount of communication traffic in the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- the child node checks the amount of communication traffic using the communication traffic detection unit 1401 (step 1508), and transmits the communication traffic information S9 including the slot data (step 1509).
- the group master node 204 sets in advance the time used as a criterion for determining the group master node replacement time (step 1501), receives each slot data, and collects information on the communication traffic volume of the child node (Ste 1502).
- the alternation time set in step 1501
- slot data reception is continued.
- the replacement control program is started. Start moving (step 1504). At this time, a replacement request is transmitted to the child node having the smallest communication traffic amount among the communication traffic amounts of the respective child nodes (step 1505).
- the replacement control program is started. It starts (step 151 1) and transmits a replacement acceptance (step 151 2).
- the group master node 204 receives the replacement acceptance from the child node (step 15).
- each synchronization signal, frame header 601 and frame footer 6 are replaced on behalf of the group master node 204.
- the group master replacement operation using the communication traffic volume as a replacement criterion is completed.
- the group master node 204 has moved to the child node 208, and the child node 205 has moved to the group master node 207.
- each wireless node is configured to include a communication traffic detecting unit 1401 as shown in Fig. 14 as in the seventh embodiment, and the group master node is a child in the group.
- the communication traffic information from the node is received, and based on this information, the duplication is merged and separated.
- FIG. 16 is a flowchart explaining the group merge operation in the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- each group master node Before entering the processing of Fig. 16, each group master node exchanges the configuration information of its own group with another group by hopping communication, so that the configuration information of the other group, that is, the identifier of the group, It shares information such as the total number of radio nodes and the radio frequency channels used.
- the group master node sets the radio frequency channel to the common channel and proceeds with the process using hobbing communication (step 1601).
- the communication traffic volume from each child node is collected, and the average communication traffic volume of its own group is calculated including its own communication traffic volume (step 1602).
- the average communication traffic volume calculated in step 1602 is transmitted to the other group master nodes (step 1603), and it is evaluated whether the average communication traffic volume of its own gnope exceeds a preset level (step 1604).
- step 1605 If the average communication traffic volume does not exceed the set level, it is checked whether a group merge request has been received from another group master node (step 1605). If no group merge request has been received, processing is performed. finish. If a group merge request is received, merge processing will continue.
- a merger permission is transmitted to indicate the intention of the merger to accept the merger (step 1606). Thereafter, the radio frequency is returned to its own channel (step 1607), and the synchronization signal is temporarily stopped (step 1608).
- the required number of slots is calculated from the number of wireless nodes of the own group and the partner group (step 1609), and the transmission of the synchronization signal is resumed by increasing the number of slots (step 1610).
- step 1604 If the average communication traffic volume of the group exceeds the set level in step 1604, the average communication traffic volume of the adjacent gnorape is evaluated from the average communication traffic volume from other gnorapes (step 1611) and set. If the level is below the level, merge request processing is started. If the set level is exceeded, there is no gnole that can be merged in the vicinity, so the degeneration operation is started by dropping the overall performance (step 1612).
- a group merge request is transmitted to the merger (step 1613), and a merger permission is waited (step 1614). Once you have obtained the merger permission, set the radio frequency to your channel. Return (step 1615), and send the merged radio frequency channel to the child node of its own group to notify (step 1616). Thereafter, the synchronization signal is stopped (step 1617), and the merged channel is set (step 1618).
- the power S with the number of groups to be merged and separated is two S, and it is acceptable to merge and separate multiple genoles exceeding two groups.
- the number of groups before merger and after merger / separation does not necessarily have to be the same, depending on the level of power communication traffic explained with the same number of groups to be merged and the number of gnoles to be separated.
- each wireless node is configured to include a communication traffic detection unit 1401 as shown in Fig. 14 as in the seventh embodiment, and the group master node is included in the group.
- the communication traffic information from the child nodes is received and the child nodes are exchanged between groups based on this information.
- the mutual wireless communication network system 1200 includes a group master node 1202, a child node 1203, a child node 1204, a gnole 1201, a gnole master node 1206, a child node 1207, and a child node.
- Gnolepe 120 5 composed of 1208 is provided as a component (operational state).
- the group master node 1202 transmits a child node replacement request to the group master node 1206.
- the group master node 1206 that has received the exchange request determines the amount of communication traffic within its own group.
- the smallest child node 1207 is assumed to be the substitute.
- the child node 1203 and the child node 1207 to be exchanged receive the group master node power separation command of their own group, and are disconnected from the group by stopping the synchronization signal of the slot used by the child node. It is.
- Each separated child node switches to the radio frequency channel of the exchange group, and starts mutual communication based on the communication request from the new group master node (child node exchange).
- each group master node reconstructs a new group 1209 and gnolepe 1210 with the newly exchanged child node with the existing child node (re-gnolep). After regrouping, it enters the operational state.
- It can be configured to monitor the number of retransmissions of each wireless node and to switch the group master node based on this number of retransmissions. Such a case will be described below as a tenth embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a block diagram of a radio node according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 the same components as those in FIG. 1 (a) are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
- radio node 1700 includes retransmission number detection section 1701.
- the retransmission number detection unit 1701 does not receive the return data for the transmitted synchronization signal within a predetermined time. When the same data is transmitted again, this is counted, and the accumulated retransmission count information S 10 is transmitted to the CPU 101.
- FIG. 18 is a flowchart for explaining the group master replacement operation based on the number of retransmissions according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention.
- the group master node 204 sets in advance a time as a criterion for determining the group master node replacement time (step 1801), receives each slot data, and sets the slot data in communication with the child node.
- the number of retransmissions is also integrated (step 1802).
- Step 1803 check whether the communication time with each child node has reached the alternation time set in Step 1801 (Step 1803). If the alternation time has been reached, continue receiving slot data. If any of the four child nodes has reached the change time, the start of the change control program is started (step 1804). At this time, it is presumed that the child node with the smallest number of retransmissions among the number of retransmissions of each child node has the most capacity in the battery, so a replacement request is transmitted to the child node (step 1805).
- step 1808 If there is a change request (step 1808), the child node starts to start the change control program (step 1809), and transmits a change acceptance (step 1810).
- the group master node 204 When the group master node 204 receives the replacement acceptance from the child node (step 18 06), the group master node 204 stops transmission of each synchronization signal and the frame header 601 and the frame footer 605 (step 1807). Exit the function.
- the child node When the child node confirms that the synchronization signal has stopped (step 1811), it starts transmitting each synchronization signal, frame header 601 and frame footer 6 05 with the maximum transmission power on behalf of the gnope master node 204. (Step 1812).
- the gnolepe master replacement operation with the communication retransmission count as the replacement criterion is completed.
- the group master node 204 has moved to the child node 208, and the child node 205 has moved to the group master node 207.
- the gnolepe master is replaced by using the number of communication retransmissions correlated with the amount of battery consumption without detecting the remaining battery level of the wireless node as a manual measure. Timing can be detected correctly.
- each wireless node is configured to include a retransmission number detection unit 1701 as shown in FIG. 17 as in the tenth embodiment, and the group master node is included in the group.
- the information on the number of retransmissions from the child node is received, and group merging / separation is performed based on this information.
- FIG. 19 is a flowchart explaining the group merge operation in the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
- each group master node exchanges the configuration information of its own group with another group by hopping communication, so that the configuration information of the other group, that is, the identifier of the group, It shares information such as the total number of radio nodes and the radio frequency channels used.
- the group master node sets the radio frequency channel to the common channel and proceeds with the process using hobbing communication (step 1901).
- the number of retransmissions from each child node is collected, and the average number of retransmissions of its own gnope is calculated including the number of retransmissions of itself (step 1902).
- the average number of retransmissions calculated in step 1902 is transmitted to other group master nodes (step 1903), and it is evaluated whether the average number of retransmissions of the own group has exceeded the preset level ( Step 1904).
- step 1905 it is checked whether a gnole merge request has been received from another group master node (step 1905). If no group merge request has been received, the process ends. If a Gnolepe merger request is received, merger processing is subsequently entered. In the merger process, first, a merger permission is sent to indicate the intention of accepting the merger to the partner group (step 1906). Thereafter, the radio frequency is returned to its own channel (step 1907), and the synchronization signal is stopped once again (step 1908). Where your group and your opponent The required number of slots is calculated from the number of radio nodes in the loop (step 1909), and the number of slots is increased to resume transmission of the synchronization signal (step 1910).
- step 1904 If the average number of retransmissions of the local group exceeds the set level in step 1904, the average number of retransmissions of the adjacent group is evaluated from the average number of retransmissions from other groups (step 1911). If it exceeds the set level, there is no group that can be merged in the neighborhood, so the degraded operation is started by reducing the overall performance (step 1912).
- a group merge request is transmitted to the merger (step 1913), and a merger permission is waited (step 1914).
- the radio frequency is returned to the own channel (step 1915), and the merged radio frequency channel is transmitted to the child node of the own group and notified (step 1916).
- the synchronization signal is stopped (step 1917), and the merged channel is set (step 1918).
- each wireless node is configured to include a retransmission number detection unit 1701 as shown in FIG. 17 as in the tenth embodiment, and the group master node is in the group. Information on the number of retransmissions from the child node of the The child nodes are exchanged between the groups.
- the mutual wireless communication network system 1200 includes a group master node 1202, a child node 1203, and a child node 1204, a gnole 1201, a gnole master node 1206, a child node 1207, and a child node.
- Gnolepe 120 5 composed of 1208 is provided as a component (operational state).
- the group master node 1202 transmits a child node exchange request to the group master node 1206.
- the group master node 1206 that has received the exchange request uses the child node 1207 with the smallest number of retransmissions in its own group as the replacement member.
- the child node 1203 and the child node 1207 to be exchanged receive the disconnect command from the group master node of their own node and the group power is disconnected by stopping the synchronization signal of the slot used by the child node. .
- Each separated child node switches to the radio frequency channel of the exchange-destination gnole, and starts mutual communication based on the communication request from the new group master node (child node exchange).
- each group master node reconstructs the new group 1209 and group 12 10 with the existing child nodes and the newly replaced child nodes (regrouping). After re-ignorup, it enters the operational state.
- the replacement Requests can be rejected.
- the group master that has been denied the replacement request may abandon the child node exchange with the group and send a replacement request to other groups to search for a replacement destination, or abandon the replacement process itself and degenerate. It ’s okay to start driving.
- each wireless node is configured to include a retransmission number detection unit 1701 as shown in FIG. 17 as in the tenth embodiment, and the group master node is a child in the group. The information on the number of retransmissions from the node is received, and the child nodes in the group are separated based on this information.
- the mutual wireless communication network system 1300 includes a gnole 1301 configured as a group master node 1302, a child node 1303, and another child node (operational state). ).
- the group master node 1302 transmits the disconnect command to the child node 1303 and then transmits the command used by the child node 1303. Stop synchronization signal (disconnect child node).
- the master master node 1302 reconstructs the group using only the existing child nodes. Since the disconnected child node 1303 cannot find a synchronization signal from the new group master node, the transmission / reception operation is stopped and the battery life ends while idling (group reduction). After the gnole reduction, it enters the operational state.
- FIG. 20 is a block diagram of a radio node according to the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 the same components as those in FIG. 1 (a) are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
- radio node 2000 includes code error rate detection section 2001.
- code error rate detection section 2001 The procedure for switching the gnole master node by using the wireless node 2000 having such a configuration and using the coding error rate as a manual force S will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart for explaining the group master replacement operation based on the code error rate in the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- the group master node 204 sets in advance a time that is a criterion for determining the group master node replacement time (step 2101), receives each slot data, and performs a code error rate in communication with the child node. Is also obtained (step 2102).
- step 2101 When all slot data has been received, it is checked whether the communication time with each child node has reached the switching time set in step 2101 (step 2103). If the switching time has not been reached, slot data reception continues. If any of the four child nodes has reached the change time, the start of the change control program is started (step 2104). At this time, it is estimated that the child node with the lowest code error rate out of the code error rates of each child node has the most capacity in the battery, so a replacement request is transmitted to the child node (step 2105). .
- step 2108 if there is a change request (step 2108), the start of the change control program is started (step 2109), and a change acceptance is transmitted (step 2110).
- the group master node 204 Upon receiving the replacement acceptance from the child node (step 21 06), the group master node 204 stops transmitting each synchronization signal and the frame header 601 and the frame footer 605 (step 2107), and the group master node 204 Exit the function.
- the gnolepe master replacement operation using the communication code error rate as the replacement criterion is completed.
- the group master node 204 has moved to the child node 208, and the child node 205 has moved to the group master node 207.
- the timing of changing the gnolepe master using the code error rate correlated with the amount of battery consumption without detecting the remaining battery level of the wireless node as a manual measure. Can be detected correctly.
- the acquisition of the code error rate in step 2102 is performed by the CPU 10 of the group master node. 1 can be calculated when error correction processing is performed on the received data S5.
- the code error rate may be acquired from the demodulation unit 112.
- the group merging / separation in the mutual wireless communication network as shown in FIG. 10 can be configured to be triggered by the code error rate of each wireless node. Such a case will be described below as a fifteenth embodiment.
- each wireless node is configured to include a code error rate detection unit 2001 as shown in FIG. 20, as in the fourteenth embodiment.
- the code error rate information from the child nodes is received, and the gnole's merge is separated based on this information.
- FIG. 22 is a flow chart for explaining the group merge operation in the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- each group master node Before entering the processing of Fig. 22, each group master node exchanges configuration information of its own group with another group by hopping communication, and the configuration information of the other group, that is, the identifier of the group, It shares information such as the total number of radio nodes and the radio frequency channels used.
- the group master node sets the radio frequency channel to the common channel and proceeds with the process using hobbing communication (step 2201).
- the code error rate from each child node is collected, and the average code error rate of its own group including its own code error rate is calculated (step 2202).
- the average code error rate calculated in step 2202 is transmitted to the other group master nodes (step 2203), and whether or not the average code error rate of the own group exceeds a preset level (step 2204). ).
- step 2205 If the average code error rate does not exceed the set level, it is checked whether a gnope merge request has been received from another group master node (step 2205). If no group merge request has been received, the process is terminated. .
- merge processing is subsequently entered. In the merger process, first, a merger permission is transmitted to indicate the intention of accepting the merger to the partner group (step 2206). Then set the radio frequency back to your channel ( (Step 2207), the synchronization signal is temporarily stopped (Step 2208).
- the number of required slots is calculated from the number of wireless nodes of the own group and the partner gnope (step 2209), and the number of slots is increased to resume transmission of the synchronization signal (step 2210).
- step 2211 If the average code error rate of the own group exceeds the set level in step 2204, the average code error rate of the adjacent group is evaluated from the average code error rate of other groups (step 2211), and the set level If it is less than this, the merge request process is entered. If the set level is exceeded, there is no group that can be merged in the neighborhood, so the overall performance is degraded and the reduced operation is started (step 2212).
- a group merge request is transmitted to the merger (step 2213), and a merger permission is waited (step 2214).
- the radio frequency is returned to the own channel (step 2215), and the merged radio frequency channel is transmitted to the child node of the own group and notified (step 2216).
- the synchronization signal is stopped (step 2217), and the merged channel is set (step 2218).
- each wireless node is configured to include a code error rate detection unit 2001 as shown in FIG. 20, as in the fourteenth embodiment.
- the node receives code error rate information from the child nodes in the group, and based on this information, the child nodes are exchanged between the loops.
- the mutual wireless communication network system 1200 includes a group master node 1202, a child node 1203, a child node 1204, a gnole 1201, a gnole master node 1206, a child node 1207, and a child node.
- Gnolepe 120 5 composed of 1208 is provided as a component (operational state).
- the group master node 1202 transmits a child node exchange request to the group master node 1206.
- the gnolepe master node 1206 uses the child node 1207 having the lowest code error rate in its gnole as a substitute.
- each separated child node switches to the radio frequency channel of the group to which it is to be exchanged, and starts mutual communication based on the communication request from the new group master node (child node exchange).
- each group master node reconstructs a new group 1209 and group 1210 with the existing child nodes and the newly replaced child nodes (regrouping). After regrouping, it enters the operational state.
- each wireless node is configured to include a code error rate detection unit 2001 as shown in FIG. 20 as in the fourteenth embodiment, and the gnolepe master node is included in the gnolepe. The code error rate information from the child node is received, and the child nodes in the group are separated based on this information.
- the mutual wireless communication network system 1300 includes a gnole 1301 configured as a group master node 1302, a child node 1303, and another child node (operational state). ).
- the group master node 1302 transmits the disconnect command to the child node 1303 and then uses the slot used by the child node 1303.
- the synchronization signal of is stopped (child node disconnection).
- the group master node 1302 reconstructs the group using only the existing child nodes. Since the disconnected child node 1303 cannot find a synchronization signal from the new group master node, the transmission / reception operation is stopped and the battery life ends while idling (group reduction). After the gnole reduction, it enters the operational state.
- a wireless node having the above configuration it is possible to easily construct a sensor network system having a topology as shown in the mutual wireless communication network system 200 of FIG.
- an ad hoc network system based on each wireless node can be automatically and autonomously configured, so that a large-scale network system over a wide range can be easily realized without requiring expensive installation costs. Because all wireless nodes are operated under standardized power management, a reliable network system with a long operational life can be provided.
- FIG. 1 In order to simulate the topology effect in the power management method according to the present invention.
- a model is used in which the wireless nodes are arranged at equal intervals d on a concentric circle whose radius increases by d around the gateway GW as shown in (a).
- the number of wireless nodes existing on the circumference of the radius r from the gateway GW is 2 ⁇ . Since the required transmission power ⁇ for wireless communication is proportional to the cube of the distance between communication stations,
- the wireless node is divided into a plurality of groups, piconet communication is performed within the gnolepe, and ad hoc hopping communication is performed between the groups to reach the gateway GW.
- the required power P is
- d is the wireless node interval, it is normalized to 1.
- the gateway GW The number of hops up to is r / 3.
- Fig. 23 (b) The simulation results are shown in Fig. 23 (b). As shown in Fig. 23 (b), when the number of radio nodes increases, the total power increases dramatically in the case of the conventional example, whereas in the case of the present invention, the total transmission power can be suppressed. Recognize.
- the frame header 601 in the frame 600 is provided with an identifier specific to the group master node, and each synchronization signal is provided with an identifier for designating a child node corresponding to each synchronization signal.
- Each slot data is provided with an identifier representing the child node number of the transmission source.
- these identifiers may be unique mechanical unique numbers possessed by each wireless node, or each wireless node.
- the free name assigned to is acceptable. When a free name is used, a name resolution node or name resolution server that links the free name of the wireless node and the mechanical unique number of the wireless node may be provided in the network system.
- the outer code processing is further performed at the time of data transmission on the antenna transmission line.
- the reliability of the communication is improved.
- the outer code processing is provided with an encoding process at the input stage of the modulation unit 106 and a decoding process is provided at the output stage of the demodulation unit 112.
- an error correction code that exhibits effective performance against continuous code errors such as a convolutional code and a turbo code is used, the reliability of communication is further improved.
- a power management method for a wireless node that is effective in the present invention is a power management means for extending the battery life of a wireless node, which is a battery-driven wireless terminal constituting a mutual wireless network system, over the entire network. Is available. It can also be applied to applications such as sensor network systems using wireless ad hoc communication.
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Abstract
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JP2006548723A JP4810437B2 (ja) | 2004-12-21 | 2005-11-14 | 無線ノードの電源管理方法 |
EP05806186A EP1833197B1 (en) | 2004-12-21 | 2005-11-14 | Power management method of wireless nodes |
CN2005800426732A CN101076977B (zh) | 2004-12-21 | 2005-11-14 | 无线节点的电源管理方法 |
US11/792,753 US7881757B2 (en) | 2004-12-21 | 2005-11-14 | Power management method of wireless nodes |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1833197A4 (en) | 2009-11-25 |
US7881757B2 (en) | 2011-02-01 |
CN101076977B (zh) | 2011-01-05 |
EP1833197B1 (en) | 2011-09-07 |
EP1833197A1 (en) | 2007-09-12 |
JPWO2006067922A1 (ja) | 2008-06-12 |
JP4810437B2 (ja) | 2011-11-09 |
US20080151801A1 (en) | 2008-06-26 |
CN101076977A (zh) | 2007-11-21 |
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